Thermal Characteristics of Pid Controller Water Heater
Thermal Characteristics of Pid Controller Water Heater
Thermal Characteristics of Pid Controller Water Heater
requirements)
REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................. 10
Table of Figures
Figure 5 Comparison of Simulation PID and PI output of water bath system ................... 8
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
One of the widely used controller in technological industry is the PID controller
due to its wide applicability in industries such as motor control, positioners, temperature
and pressure controller etc. But because of its simple design, PID controller has also
brought some issues in different industries. A certain example is the boiler case where
controlling a process with slow response ends up in a overshoot for a longer period of
time. To cater the slow response requirement, researchers ended up in Model driven PID.
Its ability to handle slow responses widens its use up to non-stable and oscillations
involving applications.
In general, the terminology of Process Control is nonlinear and not much precise.
The main difficulty arises in the derivation of Dynamic models. For linear systems, PID
has found its way in major industries because of its simplicity and usefulness. The area
where PID lacks in the game is the non-linear and second order systems. One of the
advantageous aspects is that mathematical modelling is not a hard and fast requirement
because controller rules are relying upon the expertise and knowledge of control systems
engineer. That’s why performance of any plant is only affected if the mathematical model
PID controller basically controls the output of the plant by controlling the input
parameters and the environment such as there maintains zero error between process
variable and the output by involving feedback control system. Feedback signal y(t) from
the process plant is compared with the set point or reference signal u(t) and the
corresponding difference or error signal e(t) is fed to the PID algorithm. According to the
PID settings, the controller attempts to minimize the error over time by adjustment of a
control variable u(t) and hence produces combined and controlled output which is applied
proportional controller are basically designed to minimalize the cycling related with the
ON OFF control. Such as in case of temperature control, P controller slows down the
power supplied to the heater so the overshoot value doesn’t exceed the set value but it
will slowly approach the set value to maintain a required temperature This
proportionality can be achieved by switching on and off of the output intermittently. The
creates an offset between process and set values. I controller eradicates the steady state
error. But I-controller cannot foresee the future behavior of error.so to anticipate the
heater systems. They stated that their purpose was to analyze the MD PID with a plant or
a unit and find out the comparison with conventional PID controller. They implemented
RTD type as sensor for the temperature parameter.at PV value or output and also as the
Feedback value of close loop system. Step input was provided to the system and the
response was then compared with the step input to a conventional PID.
performance relying on data acquisition and also on the results obtained on MATLAB
modeling. The concluded that MD PID showed better results as compared to conventional
PID controller comprising of Rise time, settling time. However, during the design of MD
PID they figured out that system modeling was key requirement in definition of controller
parameters. While in case of Conventional PID, only method available is the trail and
error method which defines controller parameters without having sound knowledge of
system model. They added that MD PID if implemented to multiple input multiple output
Kavita, Naga etc. used conventional PID controller in water bath system where
they involved two stages in such a way that first stage involved designing of the transfer
function and second stage was to interface the PID with water bath system. They
implemented RTD as temperature sensor and another DAQ for interconnection between
For the procedure of system identification, they incorporated the following steps:
Step input given to the system, the difference in the process and steady state was noted,
among the calculated parameters they involved the total change in PV and 63% of it was
computed. They concluded that PID had less settling time [4]
In this work my main aim to analytical model and simulate state of the art PID
algorithm I am able to develop tuned value of gain that would apply to every heating
In this part of report I am going to discuss main constraint of the problem .As
process industry is the back bone of every country economy .So our main goal is to design
and simulate state of the art method specially focus on control system of the process and
develop control scheme to get more optimized product. Here I develop specially tuned
variable that act as gain to the system to get more optimized and promising results .
REFERENCES
Temperature Controller for Water Bath Process”, International Journal of Imaging Science
3. Kavita, T & Naga, B & Muniraj, Lavanya & Masilamani, Arivalagan. (2015).
Temperature Control Water bath system using PID Controller. International Journal of
4. Hondianto, Tommy & Susanto, Erwin & Wibowo, Agung. (2016). Model Driven PID