Class 10 Mathematics Gist of The Lesson

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CLASS X

SUBJECT : MATHEMATICS

GIST OF THE LESSON


(Taught from 6th July to 18th July, 2020)

TRIGONOMETRY

1. Trigonometric ratios of positive acute angles (θ) : sinθ, cosθ, tanθ, cosecθ, secθ
and cotθ.
2. Expressing the trigonometric ratios in a right angled triangle in terms of the
hypotenuse and the two remaining sides. :
Height
sinθ =
Hypotenuse
Base
cosθ =
Hypotenuse
Height
tanθ =
Base
Hypotenuse
cosecθ =
Height
Hypotenuse
secθ =
Base
Base
cotθ =
Height
3. Theorem : The trigonometric ratios are same for the equal angles.
4. Relation among the trigonometric ratios :
1 1
cosec θ = sin θ =
sin θ cosec θ
1 1
sec θ = cos θ =
cos θ sec θ
1 1
cot θ = tan θ =
tan θ cot θ
sin θ cos θ
tan θ = cot θ =
cos θ sin θ
5. Values of trigonometric ratios of the angles 0°, 30°, 45° , 60° and 90°
6. Trigonometric ratios of complementary angles :
If θ is an acute angle, then :
sin (90o – θ) = cos θ, cos (90o – θ) = sin θ
tan (90o – θ) = cot θ, cot (90o – θ) = tan θ
sec (90o – θ) = cosec θ, cosec (90o – θ) = sec θ
The above relations are valid for 0° and 90° as well but with some restrictions as
sec 90°, tan90°, cosec 0° and cot 0° are not defined.
7. Trigonometric Identities :
sin2 θ + cos 2 θ = 1 (for any angle θ)
sec 2 θ − tan2 θ = 1 (0° ≤ θ < 90°)
cosec 2 θ − cot 2 θ = 1 (0° < 𝜃 ≤ 90°)
8. Finding the values of different trigonometric ratios using the value of one of them.
9. Discussion through worked out examples.
10. Class work.

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