8+formulas Add Feedback
8+formulas Add Feedback
8+formulas Add Feedback
OSCILLATORS
Basic Amplifiers:
Feedback
Network Io Vo
Ai = Rm =
Ii Ii
Vo Io
Av = Gm =
Vi Vi
A
Types of Sampling:
Voltage sampling
B
A Load
B
Shunt mixing
Current sampling
A
A
Load
B
B
Effects of Negative Feedback
Stabilize the amplifier
Types of mixing: Increase the bandwidth of an amplifier
Series mixing Improve the linearity of the amplifier
Improve noise performance
Improve the characteristics of an amplifier
Feedback Configurations: A
B
A
Voltage Shunt Feedback
B
Series impedance:
z(1+Aβ)
Parallel impedance: BW = fUCO - fLCO
z
1 + Aβ Requirements for Oscillation:
βA≥1
Phase shift = 180°
Parameter Voltage- Current- Voltage- Current- (+feedback)
series series shunt shunt
Zif Increased Increased decreased decreased Barkhausen Criterion for Oscillation:
Zof decreased decreased decreased increased
βA = 1
1
f=
2 π LeqC
Leq = L1+ L2+ 2M