Tutorial: GEARS II: Spur Gears - Force Analysis
Tutorial: GEARS II: Spur Gears - Force Analysis
Tutorial: GEARS II: Spur Gears - Force Analysis
Prof. J. Uziak
Problem – Force Analysis
Shaft a in the figure has a power input of 75
kW at a speed of 1800 rev/min in the
counterclockwise direction.
Gear 3 is an idler.
2
2𝜋𝑛 2𝜋1800
𝜔= = = 188.5𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 𝑡
𝐹43 = 9.36𝑘𝑁
60 60
𝐻 75000
𝑇= = = 397.9𝑁𝑚
𝜔 188.5 Fb3 = 18.73kN b
3
𝑇 = 𝑇𝑎 𝑡
𝐹23 = 9.36𝑘𝑁
𝑡
𝐹32 = 9.36𝑘𝑁 𝐹3𝑏 = −𝐹𝑏3 = 2 ∙ 9.36 = 18.73𝑘𝑁
a
2
Ta =397.9Nm
c
𝑚𝑁2 5 ∙ 17 4
𝑟𝑎 = = = 42.5𝑚𝑚 Tc4=1193Nm
2 2 𝑡
𝐹34 = 9.36𝑘𝑁
𝑡
𝑇𝑎 397.9
𝐹32 = = = 9.36𝑘𝑁 𝑚𝑁4 5 ∙ 51
𝑟1 42.5 𝑟𝑎 = = = 127.5𝑚𝑚
2 2
𝑇𝑐4 = 9.36 ∙ 127.5 = 1193𝑁𝑚(𝑐𝑐𝑤)
𝑇4𝑐 = 1193𝑁𝑚(𝑐𝑤) 3
Problem – Force Analysis
The gears shown in the figure have a
module of 12 mm and a 20◦
pressure angle.
4
Given: m=12mm, nP=1800 rev/min (cw),
N2=18, N3=32, N4=18, N5=48
Pitch dimeters:
d2=m·N2=12·18=216 mm, d3=m·N3=12·32=384 mm,
d4=m·N4=12·18=216 mm, d5=m·N5=12·48=576 mm,
GEAR 2
2𝜋𝑛 2𝜋1000
𝜔= = = 188.5𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠
60 60
𝐻 150000
𝑇 = 𝑇𝑎2 = = = 795.8𝑁𝑚
𝜔 188.5 Wt
𝑇𝑎2 795.8
𝑊𝑡 = = = 7.369𝑘𝑁
𝑟2 108 a
2
OR Ta2
𝐻
𝑊𝑡 =
𝑣
𝜋𝑑2 𝑛 𝜋 ∙ 216 ∙ 1800 𝑚𝑚
Pitch line velocity: 𝑣= = = 20357.5 = 20.358 𝑚/𝑠
60 60 𝑠
𝐻 150000
𝑊𝑡 = = = 7368.1𝑁 = 7.368𝑘𝑁
𝑣 20.358 5
Given: m=12mm, nP=1800 rev/min (cw),
N2=18, N3=32, N4=18, N5=48
Pitch dimeters:
d2=m·N2=12·18=216 mm, d3=m·N3=12·32=384 mm,
d4=m·N4=12·18=216 mm, d5=m·N5=12·48=576 mm,
GEAR 2
𝑊𝑡 = 7.369𝑘𝑁
Wr
Wt=7.369 kN
𝑟 W
𝐹32 Wr
=20o
a
2 Wt=7.369 kN
Ta2 𝑡
𝐹32
𝑊𝑟 = 𝑊𝑡 ∙ 𝑡𝑔20 = 2.682𝑘𝑁
6
Given: m=12mm, nP=1800 rev/min (cw),
N2=18, N3=32, N4=18, N5=48
Pitch dimeters:
d2=m·N2=12·18=216 mm, d3=m·N3=12·32=384 mm,
d4=m·N4=12·18=216 mm, d5=m·N5=12·48=576 mm,
GEAR 3&4
𝑡
𝐹54
3
𝑡 𝑡
𝐹54 ∙ 𝑟4 = 𝐹23 ∙ 𝑟3
4
𝑡 216 384
b 𝑟
𝐹54 𝐹54 ∙ = 7.369 ∙
2 2
𝑡
𝑡 𝐹54 = 13.10𝑘𝑁
𝐹23 = 7.369
𝑟
𝐹23 =2.682
𝑟
𝐹54 = 13.10 ∙ 𝑡𝑔20 = 4.768𝑘𝑁
7
Problem – Force Analysis
The pinion 2 in the figure runs at 1750 rev/min and transmits 2.5 kW to gear 4.
The teeth are cut on the 200-full-depth system and have a module of 2.5 mm.
a) Sketch free-body diagrams of the gears and show all acting forces
b) Calculate pitch diameters of gears and the pitch-line velocity
c) Determine forces acting on each gear
d) Calculate the reactions on shafts a, b and c
8
a) To sketch free body diagrams for all gears
9
b) Calculate pitch diameters of gears and the pitch-line velocity
d p np 0.050 1750
V 4.581 m/s 10
60 60
c) Determine forces acting on each gear
11
The tangential force of gear 4 on gear3 is also equal to Wt=546 N.
Therefore:
Directions of forces
are as shown in the
FBD
12
c) Determine reactions on shafts a, b and c
x
F 0 R x
a2 F x
32 0 R x
a2 F32 546 N
x
y
F 0 R y
a2 F r
32 0 R y
a2 F32 199 N
r
d2 t d2 0.05
M a 0 T2 F 2 0 T2 F32 2 546 2 13.64 Nm
t
32
H 30 H 30 2500
T2 13.64 Nm
2 n2 1750
13
Reactions of shaft b on gear 3:
x
F 0 R x
b3 F r
43 F t
23 0 R x
b3 F t
23 F43 546 199 347 N
r
y
F 0 R y
b3 F r
23 F t
43 0 R y
b3 F t
43 F23 546 199 347 N
r
b
M 0 F t
r
43 3 F23 r3 T3 0 T3 0 Nm
t
14