STATISTICAL MECHANICS-MODULE 1

1. In a thermodynamic system in equilibrium, each molecule can exist in three possible states with
11 1
probability , and respectively. The entropy per molecule is.
23 6
(a) 𝑘𝐵𝑙𝑛3 (b)

(c) (d)

2. The relation between the internal energy 𝑈, entropy 𝑆,temperature 𝑇, Pressure 𝑝, Volume 𝑉

Chemical potential 𝜇 and number of particles 𝑁 of a thermodynamic system is

𝑑𝑈 = 𝑇𝑑𝑆 − 𝑝𝑑𝑉 + 𝜇𝑑𝑁

That 𝑈 is an exact differential implies that.

(a) - | = | (b) p | 𝑆

(b) P | − | (c) | |

3. The number of microstates of a gas on 𝑁 particles in a Volume 𝑉 and of internal energy 𝑈 is

𝑎𝑁
(a)(𝑝 ) (𝑉 − 𝑁𝑏) = 𝑁 𝑇 (b) (𝑝 − ) (𝑉 − 𝑁𝑏) = 𝑁 𝑇
𝐵 𝑉

(c) 𝑝𝑉 = 𝑁 𝐵𝑇 (d) (𝑉 − 𝑁𝑏) = 𝑁 𝐵𝑇

4. When a gas expands adiabatically from volume 𝑉1to 𝑉2 by a quasi-static reversible process, it
cools from temperature 𝑇1to 𝑇2. If now the same process is carried out adiabatically and
irreversibly and 𝑇′ is the temperature of the gas equilibrated , then

(a) 𝑇′ = 𝑇2 (b) 𝑇′ > 𝑇2

(b) 𝑇 𝑇 (d) 𝑇

′
 5. The probability of finding a system in state 𝑖 for canonical ensemble is

(a) (b)
∑ ∑

(c) (d)
∑ ∑

6. A system of 𝑁 distinguishable particles, each of which can be in one of the two energy levels 0 and ԑ,

Has total energy nԑ, where n is an integer. The entropy of the system is proportional to

(a) N 𝑛 (b) 𝑛𝑙𝑛 𝑁

(c) ) (d) ( )

7. A system of 𝑁 non-interacting classical particles, each of mass 𝑚 is in a two-dimensional harmonic

(c) [ ]N
(d)

8. A gas of non-relativistic classical particles in one-dimension is subjected to potential 𝑉 = 𝛼|𝑥|,

1
Where 𝛼 is a positive constant. The partition function is(𝛽 = )
𝐵𝑇

(a) √ (b) √

(c) √ (d) √

9. The probability of finding a state in micro-canonical ensemble at outside of its thin cloud is.

(a) 0 (b)1

(c) 0.25 (d) 0.5

(a) Micro-canonical (b)Canonical

(c)Grand canonical (d)Isothermal-Isobaric

11. The type of ensemble which maintain constant pressure 𝑝, constant temperature 𝑇 and does not
allow exchange of particles.

(a) Micro-canonical (b)Canonical

(c)Grand canonical (d)Isothermal-Isobaric

12. The expression for entropy 𝑆 in terms of partition function 𝑍 and mean energy 〈𝐸〉 is.

(a)𝑆 = 𝑘𝛽(𝑙𝑛𝑍 + 〈𝐸〉) (b) 𝑆 = 𝑘𝛽(𝑙𝑛𝑍 − 〈𝐸〉)

(c) = (𝑙𝑛𝑍 + 𝛽〈𝐸〉) (d) − 𝑙𝑛𝑍 + 〈𝐸〉)

13. Identify the correct relation between 𝛼 𝛽 and 𝜇. (symbols have their usual meanings)

(a) 𝛼 𝛽 𝜇 (b) 𝛼 𝛽𝜇

(c) 𝛼 −𝛽𝜇 (d) 𝛼 −𝛽 𝜇

14. The energy which can be stored and can be retrievable is

(a)Gibbs free energy (b)Enthalpy

(c)Internal energy (d)All of the above

15. Which of the following is an incorrect relation in grand-canonical ensembles

(a) 𝑆 = 𝑘𝐵 ln 𝑍 + (

(b) N= 𝑇

(c) P = 𝑇

(d) A=- 𝑇

16. Tau space can be considered as the sum of

(a) Systems
(b) Phase space

(c) µ-space

(d) Ensembles

17. Which theorem describes the evolution of phase space distribution function

(a) Liouville’s theorem

(b) Equal a priori theorem

(c) Ergodic hypothesis

(d) Ehrenfest theorem

18. Which among the following statements is false about Liouville’s theorem

(a) The local density of representative points, as viewed by an observer moving with representative point
stays constant with time.

(b) The swarm of representative points move in phase space in essentially the same manner as
incompressible fluid moves in physical space.

(c) Liouville’s theorem can be applied only to Hamiltonian systems.

(d) Liouville’s theorem holds for Grand canonical ensemble.

19. According to uncertainity principle, what is the order of area within which the position of the
representative point can be pinpointed?

(a) ħ (b) (c) (d)

20. In 3-D, the density of state is directly proportional to (where =energy)

(a) (b) (c) (d)

21. The quantum statistics reduces to classical statistics under the following condition

(a)

(b)

(c)
(d) =0

22. Liouville’s theorem =0 holds for:

(a) Micro canonical ensemble

(b) Canonical ensemble

(c) Grand canonical ensemble

(d) none of the above

23. The state of a system in Phase space is fully specified by

(a) Momentum and Mass

(b) Volume and Mass

(c) Density and Volume

(d) Position and Momentum

24. Canonical equations of motion is

(a) ̇ = , 𝑝̇ =-

(b) ̇ =- , p=

(c) q= , 𝑝̇ =

(d) ̇ = , 𝑝̇ =

25. The debroglie wavelength of a molecule at a temperature T is given by

(a)
√

(b) Ʌ =
√

(c) Ʌ =

(d) Ʌ =
26. Which is the one particle partition function for a particle in a box? (where is the thermal debroglie
wavelength)

(a) Q =

(b) Q =

(c) Q =

(d) Q =

27. Choose the correct expression for Canonical partition function

(a) Q=∑ 𝑒

(b) Q=∑ 𝑒

(c) Q=∑ 𝛽𝐸

(d) Q=None of these

28. The relation between Helmholtz free energy A and partition function Q in Canonical Ensemble is---------

(a) A= 𝑇 Q

(b) F=

(c) A=- 𝑇

(d) A=

29. The equation for chemical potential in Canonical ensemble is------------

(a) 𝜇=- 𝑇

(b) 𝜇=

(c) 𝜇 − 𝑇

(d) 𝜇 − 𝑇
30. Find out the correct expression for pressure in Canonical ensemble

(a) P= 𝑇

(b) P= 𝑇

(c) P=-𝑇

(d) None of these

31.Which one of the following spaces represents the motion of a particle?

(a) 𝛾 space

(b) 𝜇 space

(c) Phase space

(d) None of these

32. Which is the concept introduced by Gibb’s, which was also assumed as ‘Ergodic hypothesis’?

(a) Phase space

(b) Ensembles

(c) Ideal gas

(d) Dilute gas

33. In Hamiltonian representation, what does 𝑝̇ = - mean

(a) Velocity

(b) Acceleration

(c) Momentum

(d) Force

34. In 𝜇 space, what are the corresponding numbers of positional and momenta coordinates if N is the
number of molecules

(a) 1N & 1N

(b) 3N & 3N
(c) 1N & 2N

(d) 2N & 3N

35. Which space among the following represents the collection of molecule?

(a) Phase space

(b) 𝛾 space

(c) 𝜇 space

(d) all of these

36. Entropy comes under

(a) Microstate

(b) Macrostate

(c) Both a and b

(d) None of these

37. Who initiated the idea of conservation of extension (hypervolume) in space

(a) Maxwell

(b) Dirac

(c) Planck

(d) Gibbs

38. What are called degenerated ?

(a) Same E and different quantum number

(b) Same E and same quantum number

(c) Different E and same quantum number

(d) Different E and different quantum number

(a) dN= 𝑚 V𝐸 𝑑𝐸

(b) dN= 𝑚 V𝐸 DE

(c) dN= 𝑚 𝑉𝐸 𝑑𝐸

(d) dN= 𝑚 V𝐸 𝑑𝐸

40. The entropy is directly proportional to

(a) Number of microstates

(b) Number of macrostates

(c) Both a and b

(d) None of these

41. The sum of all microscopic form of energy is called

(a)Total energy

(b)Phase energy

(c)System energy

(d) Internal energy

42. The microscopic state of gas is characterized by ...................... parameters

(a)Pressure, Volume, Mass

(b)Pressure , Energy, Temperature

(c) Pressure, Temperature , Volume

(d)Energy , Temperature ,Mass

43. The state of the system is described by the properties of constituent particles is called as .........

(a)Macroscopic state

(b) Microscopic State

(d)None of the above

44. The dimension of Phase space

(a)3N

(b) 2N

(c)N

(d) 6N

45. In which of following condition the molecular function do not overlap and are distinguishable

(a) 𝑟 =0,

(b)𝑟

(c) 𝑟

(d) 𝑟 =1

46. Classical description valid when

(a) N is small

(b) T is large

(c) M is not too small

(d) All of the above

47. The Symmetric wave function described by

(a) System consisting of identical particle of integral spin

(b) System consisting of identical particle of half integral spin

(c) System consisting of distinguishable particle of integral spin

(d) System consisting of distinguishable particle of half integral spin

(a) System consisting of identical particle of integral spin

(b) System consisting of identical particle of half integral spin

(c) System consisting of distinguishable particle of integral spin

(d)System consisting of distinguishable particle of half integral spin

49. Pauli exclusion principle says that

(a) Two fermions can be present in same state

(b) Two bosons can be present in same state

(c) No two fermions can be present in same state

(d) None of the above

50. In micro canonical ensemble, rage of value from

(a) (E- ) to (E+ )

(b) (E- ) to (E+ )

(c) (E- ) to (E+ )

(d) (E- ) to (E+ )

51. “Unique configuration” i.e the zero of entropy correspond to special state for which

(a) 𝑖 𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒 𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒

(b) Ω= 4 is accessible

(c) Ω=1 is accessible

(d) Ω= 3 is accessible
52. In the limit N ,V the extensive properties of the system becomes directly proportional to
while

(a) Shape of the system ; dependent

(b) Size of the system ;independent

(c) Size of the system ; dependent

(d) Shape of the system ; independent

Where 𝑊 - fundamental volume, W-volume of given space

𝝘- Multiplicity of microstate
(a) 𝑊 /W

(b) W𝑊

(c) W/𝑊

(d) 1/W

54. Partition function of the system is sometimes called

(a) Sum over states

(b)Average function

(c) Partition average

(d)Mean

55. Expression of entropy in micro canonical ensemble

(a) S=KB ln Ω

(b) S= KB ln Ω+ KB T( )N,V

(c) S= KB ln Q+ KB T( )N,V

(d) S= KB ln Z+ KB T( )v,
56. Expression of entropy in grand canonical ensemble

(a)S=KB ln Ω

(b) S= KB ln Ω+ KB T( )N,V

(c) S= KB ln Q+ KB T( )N,V

(d) S= KB ln Z+ KB T( )v,

57. Expression for Pressure in Micro canonical ensemble

(a) P= KB T(

(b) P= KB T(

(c) P= KB T(

(d) P= KB T(

58. Expression for Pressure in Grand canonical ensemble

(a) P= KB T(

(b) P= KB T(

(c) P= KB T(

(d) P= KB T(

59. The probability of finding a system in state s for Grand canonical ensemble

(a) ∑

(b) ∑

(c) ∑

(d) ∑
60. {

(a) ∑ - )

(b) ∑ + )

(c) ∑ - )

(d) ∑ + )