2017 H2 Maths Prelim SA2 Dunman High School PDF
2017 H2 Maths Prelim SA2 Dunman High School PDF
2017 H2 Maths Prelim SA2 Dunman High School PDF
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H2 Mathematics 2017 Prelim Exam Paper 1 Question
Answer all questions [100 marks].
1 n n 1
Given that k !(k 2 1) (n 1)! n , find (k 1)!(k 2 2k 2). [3]
k 1 k 1
3 Using an algebraic method, find the set of values of x that satisfies the inequality
x
2 x .
2 x [3]
2
x
Hence solve 2 x 2 . [2]
2 x2
4 R
P Q
2
In the isosceles triangle PQR, PQ = 2 and the angle QPR = angle PQR 13 π
radians. The area of triangle PQR is denoted by A.
3 tan
A a b c 2 ,
1 3 tan
1
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5 dy
(a) Given that cosec y x for 0 y 12 π , find in terms of y. Deduce that
dx
d 1
(cosec1 x) for x 1. [3]
dx x ( x 2 1)
(b) The function f is such that f ( x) and f '( x) exist for all real x. Sketch a possible
graph of f which illustrates that the following statement is not necessarily true:
“If the equation f '( x) 0 has exactly one root x 0 and f ''(0) 0, then
f ( x) as x . ” [2]
(b) The diagram below shows the curve y f ( x). It has a maximum point at (4, 2)
and intersects the x-axis at ( 4, 0) and the origin. The curve has asymptotes
x 2 , y 0 and y x 2.
y
y=x+2
(4, 2)
–4
O x
x = –2
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The function f is defined by
f :x sin x cos x, x , 13 π x 16 π.
(ii) Sketch the graph of y f ( x). [2]
(iii) Find f 1 ( x) , stating the domain of f . On the same diagram as in part (ii),
1
sketch the graph of y f 1 ( x), indicating the equation of the line of symmetry.
[4]
(iv) Using integration, find the area of the region bounded by the graph of f 1 and
the axes. [3]
(v) Show that the composite function gf 1 exists, and find the range of gf 1. [3]
(a)
y
x
O
3
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A particle P moves along a straight line c which lies in the plane p2 and c passes
through a point (5, 12 , 3). P hits the plane p1 at A and rebounds to move along
another straight line d in p2 . The angle between d and l1 is the same as the angle
between c and l1.
(iv) Find the direction cosines of d. [6]
(v) Another particle, Q, is placed at the point ( 25
2
, 21
2
, 12 ) . Find the shortest
distance PQ as P moves along d. [3]
10 y Cannonball (x, y)
O Ground
x
The diagram shows the trajectory of a cannonball fired off from an origin O with an
initial speed of v ms 1 and at an angle of above the ground. At time t seconds, the
position of the cannonball can be modelled by the parametric equations
x (v cos ) t , y (v sin ) t 5t 2 ,
where x m is the horizontal distance of the cannonball with respect to O and y m is
the vertical distance of the cannonball with respect to ground level.
(i) Find the horizontal distance, d m, that a cannonball would have travelled by the
time it hits the ground. Leave your answer in terms of v and . [4]
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(ii) Show that in order to hit the target, the possible angles at which the cannonball
should be fired are 22.7 and 69.5 . [2]
(iii) Explain at which angle the cannonball should be fired in order to hit the target
earlier. [2]
(iv) Given that 22.7, find the angle that the tangent to the trajectory makes with
the horizontal when x 370. [4]
11 For this question, you may leave your answers to the nearest dollar.
(a) Mr Foo invested $25,000 in three different stocks A, B and C. After a year, the
value of the stocks A and B grew by 2% and 6% respectively, while the value
of stock C fell by 2%. Mr Foo did not gain or lose any money. Let a, b and c
denote the amount of money he invested in stocks A, B and C respectively.
(i) Find expressions for a and b, in terms of c. [2]
(ii) Find the values between which c must lie. [2]
For example, if Mr Lee invests for two years, he is able to enjoy compound
interest at a rate of 1.21% per year.
(ii) Find the respective amount of money in the normal savings account and
special savings account at the end of n years. Leave your answers in terms
of n. [4]
5
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(iii) Find the least value of n such that the compound interest earned in dual-
savings account is more than the compound interest earned in part (i). [2]
End Of Paper −
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ANNEX B
DHS H2 Math JC2 Preliminary Examination Paper 1
QN Topic Set Answers
1 Sigma Notation and
Method of Difference (n + 1)! n − 2
2 Sigma Notation and
Method of Difference --
3 Equations and {1 ≤ x < 2 or x ≥ 4} ;
Inequalities
x ≤ −2 or − 2 < x ≤ −1 or 1 ≤ x < 2 or x ≥ 2
4 Maclaurin series ( )
3 + 4θ + 4 3 θ 2
5 Differentiation & dy 1
Applications (a) =−
dx cos ec y cot y
(b)
y
y=k
O x
x = –2
(b) (ii) y
(4, 1/2)
y=0 (–2,0)
x
O
x = –4 x=0
y = f(x)
O x
y = f-1(x)
1 1
(b) − i ; 4 − 3i and −1 − i .
2 2
√3 π
(c) (ii) ; −
8 6
9 Vectors (i) 2 x − y − 2 z = −7
2
(ii)
3
−7
(iii) r. 8 = 2
−11
16 3 8
(iv) , and − or
329 329 329
16 3 8
− ,− and .
329 329 329
−35
1
(v) 40 = 2.11 (3 s.f.)
2 329
−55
10 Differentiation & v 2 sin θ cos θ
Applications (i)
5
(ii) –
(iii) 22.7°
(iv) 17.2° (to 1dp)
k 1!(k 2 2k 2) k 1 1!( k 1 2 k 1 2)
2
k 1 k 11
n
k !(k 2 1)
k 2
n
= k !(k 2 1) 1!(12 1)
k 1
(n 1)!n 2
Method 2
n 1
k ! k 2 1 k 1! k 1 1
n
2
k 1 k 0
n 1
k 1 ! k 2 2k 2
k 0
n 1 !n
n 1 n 1
k 1! k 2 2k 2 k 1! k 2 2k 2
k 1 k 0
0 1 ! 02 2 0 2
n 1 !n 2
2 (i) To prove AP, consider
U r 1 U r
(ln Tr 1 3) (ln Tr 3)
T
ln r 1
Tr
ln e
=1
n 1 n 1
(W
r 1
r 1 Wr ) Ur 1
r
2
n 1
LHS (W
r 1
r 1 Wr )
W2 W1
W3 W2
W4 W3
:
Wn Wn 1
Wn W1
Wn 12
n 1
RHS = U
r 1
r
U1 U 2 ... U n 1
n 1
(2(1) (n 2)1)
2
n(n 1)
2
1 n(n 1)
Thus, Wn
2 2
1 2
Wn n n 1 (shown)
2
x
3 (i) 2 x
2 x
x
2 x 0
2 x
2 x x
2
0
2 x
x2 5x 4
0
2 x
x 4 x 1 0
2 x
+ +
-
1 2 4
Set of values of x: 1 x 2 or x 4
3
(ii) Let y x 2 .
x2 y
2 x2 2 y
2 x 2
2 y
1 y 2 or y 4
2
1
x
–√2 -1 O 1 √2 2
Since x 2 x
2
For 1 x 2
2
1 x 2 2 x 1 or 1 x 2
For x 4
2
x 2 x 2 or x 2
4
R
P Q
1 1
4
π
h tan
3
1 π π
A 2 tan tan
2 3 3
π
tan tan
3 3 tan
(shown)
π 1 3 tan
1 tan tan
3
3
1 3
1
3 1 3
3 1 3 3 2
3 4 4 3 2
5 cos ec y x
Diff wrt x :
dy
cos ec y cot y
1
dx
dy 1
dx cos ec y cot y
dy 1
Using cot 2 y 1 cosec 2 y,
dx cos ec y (cos ec y ) 2 1
π
[since 0 y tan y 0
2
cot y 0
cot y (cos ec y ) 2 1]
1
(shown)
x x2 1
Alternative
cos ec y x
Diff wrt x :
dy
cos ec y cot y
1
dx
dy 1
dx cos ec y cot y
Since cos ec y x, x
1 1
x
sin y
y
1
sin y
x
1
By constructing the right angle triangle, tan y
x2 1
dy 1 tan y 1
(shown)
dx cos ec y cot y cosec y x x2 1
(b)
y
O x
6 (a) x 2 13 y 2 1
2
Replace x by x 2
x 2 13 y 2 1
2 2
Replace y by y 2
x 2 13 y 1
2 2
Replace y by 3 y
x 2 y2 1
2
6
Alternative:
1
2. Scale by a factor of parallel to the y-direction
3
2
3. Translate units in the negative y-direction
3
(b) (i)
y
x = –2
(b) (ii)
y
(4, 1/2)
y=0 (–2,0) x
O
x = –4 x=0
7
y = f(x)
O x
y = f-1(x)
f 1 ( x) 13 sin 1 ( 12 x)
Df 1 R f [0, 2]
1
(iv) For the area bounded by the graph of f and the axes:
y
y = f(x)
O x
y = f-1(x)
By symmetry,
Area
0 0
π f ( x ) dx π (sin x 3 cos x ) dx
3 3
1 3
1 0 1
0
cos x 3 sin x π
3 2 2
8
1
(v) gf exists if R f Dg . -1
Since
R f -1 [ 13 π, 16 π]
Dg (2, ),
1
Ie. R f Dg gf exists
-1
1
To find the range of gf :
Df -1 R f -1 R gf 1
f 1 g
[0, 2] [ 13 π, 16 π] ?
R gf 1 [0, 0.926]
1
Method 2 (find gf ) (need to use GC to see shape)
9
8 (a) Since the curve shows only one x-intercept, it means that there is only one real
root in the equation f ( x) 0.
Since the equation has all real coefficients, then the two other roots must be non-
real and they are conjugate pair.
Since z 3 4i is a root of 2 z (7 6i) z 11 ic 0 ,
2
(b)
2(3 4i) 2 (7 6i)(3 4i) 11 ic 0
2(9 24i 16) (21 28i 18i 24) 11 ic 0
Comparing the Im - part,
2c 0
c 2 (shown)
Replace z by iw
2(iw) 2 7 6i (iw) 11 2i 0
2w2 6 7i w 11 2i 0
2w2 6 7i w 11 2i 0
1 1
iw 3 4i w 4 3i or iw i w 1 i
2 2
1
The roots of the equation are 4 3i and 1 i .
2
Alternative Method:
2 z 2 (7 6i) z 11 2i 0
Let the other root be a bi.
7 6i 7
Sum of the roots = 3 4i a bi 3i
2 2
Comparing real and imaginary parts:
7 1
a3 a
2 2
4 b 3 b 1
1
The other root is i
2
(c) (i) z 1 ei
i i i
e 2 (e 2 +e 2)
i i2
e 2Re e
2
i
2 cos e 2 (shown)
2
Alternative Method:
z 1 e i
i i i
e (e 2 2 +e 2 )
i
e 2 cos i sin cos i sin
2
2 2 2
i
e 2
cos 2 i sin 2 cos 2 i sin 2
i
2 cos e 2 (shown)
2
11
Alternative Method:
z 1 ei
1 cos i sin
2
1 2 cos 1 i 2sin cos
2 2 2
2 cos cos i sin
2 2 2
i
2 cos e 2 (shown)
2
3
* 2 cos 2
z z 3
3
z 6 2
(ii) 3 3 3
w w 2
3
w 1 3 8
*
z z
arg 3 arg 3 arg( z ) 3arg( w)
w w
2
3 2
2 3 6
*
z
arg 3
w 6
9 3 3
(i) A vector equation of l1 is r 7 4 ,
3 1
3 y z 5
Let =x 2 .
2 2
x 2 , y 3 2 , z 5 2
2 1
Then a vector equation of l2 is r 3 2 ,
5 2
A vector perpendicular to p1 is
3 1 10 2 2
4 2 5 5 1 / / 1
2 2
1 2 10
12
2 3 2
Eqn of p1 : r. 1 7 . 1 7
2 3 2
Cartesian eqn : 2 x y 2 z 7
(ii) Distance of a line // to a plane is the distance between a point on this line to the
plane
Required
distance
F A(3,7,3)
2
AB. 1
2 1 2
1 2
Distance of l2 to p1 BF 4 . 1
2 3 3
1 2 2
2
Alternative :
2 2
Equation of line BF: r 3 1
5 2
2 2
OF 3 1 for some
5 2
As F lies in p1,
2 2 2
3 1 . 1 7
5 2 2
9 9 7
2
9
2
Distance of l2 to p1 BF OF OB
2 1 2 3 2
9 9 3
2
13
(iii)
A vector perpendicular to p2
3 2 7
4 1 8
1 2 11
Equation of p2
7 3 7
r. 8 7 . 8 2
11 3 11
(iv)
G’
N
c d
3 2 5 2
7 1 0.5 . 1 0
3 2 3 2
2 2 2
6.5 1 . 1 0
6 2 2
4 6.5 12 4 1 4 0
45 5
18 2
3 2 8
5
ON 7 1 4.5
2 2 2
3
1
ON OG OG '
2
8 5 11
OG ' 2 4.5 0.5 8.5
2 3 1
11 3 8 16
AG ' 8.5 7 1.5 / / 3
1 3 4 8
16 3 8
Direction cosines of line d are , and
329 329 329
16 3 8
or , and .
329 329 329
3 2 5 3
7 1 0.5 4
3 2 3 1
2 3 2
4 6.5
2 6
Solving, 2.5, 1
3 2 8
5
ON 7 1 4.5
3 2 2 2
(v) Shortest distance from Q to line d
16
AQ 3
8
329
25
2
3 16
1 21
7 3
329 2
3 8
1
2
19
2
16 19 16
1 7 1
3 7 3
329 2
8 7 8
2 329
7
2
35
1
40 2.11 (3 s.f.)
2 329
55
10 (i) To determine range of cannonball, we consider y = 0:
0 (v sin ) t 5t 2
0 t v sin 5t
t 0 (rejected) or v sin 5t 0
v sin
t
5
16
v sin
When t ,
5
x (v cos ) t
v sin
(v cos )
5
v sin cos
2
v 2 sin cos
d
5 5
(ii)
Trajectory of cannonball
Target (10m/s)
O 3000 m Ground
Time taken for cannonball to hit the ground = time taken for the target to reach the
point of impact of the cannonball.
v sin 3000 d
5 10
v 2 sin cos
2v sin 3000
5
(200) sin cos
2
400sin 3000
5
Possible angles are 22.7 (to 1 dp) or 69.5 (to 1 dp). (shown)
v sin v sin 22.7 v sin 69.5
(iii) Since t when cannon hits target and
5 5 5
Therefore to hit target earlier, cannonball should be fired at 22.7 .
(iv) x (200cos22.7) t y (200sin 22.7) t 5t 2
dx dy
184.51 77.181 10t
dt dt
dy 77.181 10t
dx 184.51
When x 370, 184.51t 370 t 2.0053
dy 77.181 10(2.0053)
0.30962
dx 184.51
Solving SLE,
a 37500 2c
b c 12500
(ii) Since a and b must both be positive, it implies that c must lie between 12500 and
18750.
(b)(i) Since Mr Lee invested in a period of five years, the average return per year will be
1.6%.
dx. [2]
9 4 x )
2
x 2 a 1 x a 1
2 The curve C with equation y , where a is a constant, has the
x 1
oblique asymptote y x 1.
(i) Show that a = 1. Hence sketch C, giving the equations of any asymptotes and
the exact coordinates of any points of intersection with the axes. [3]
dy 1 ln x .
dx x ln x 2 x 2
ln x
(i) Show that the substitution u reduces the differential equation to
x
du
u 2.
dy
ln x
Given that y 0 when x 1, show that y ln 1 . [6]
2x
ln x
The curve C has equation y ln 1 . It is given that C has a maximum point
2x
and two asymptotes y a and x b.
(iv) Determine the value of b, giving your answer correct to 4 decimal places. [2]
1
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4 Referred to the origin O, the points A and B have position vectors a and b, where a
and b are non-zero and non-parallel. The point C lies on OB produced such that
3OC 5OB. It is given that a 2 b and cos AOB 14 .
(iii) Find the position vector of the point of intersection of line AC and l, in
terms of
a and b. [2]
(b) Explain why, for any constant k, (a k b) b gives the area of the
parallelogram with sides OA and OB. Find the area of the parallelogram,
leaving your answer in terms of |a|. [4]
5 A new game has been designed for a particular casino using two fair die. In each
round of the game, a player places a bet of $2 before proceeding to roll the two die.
The player’s score is the sum of the results from both die. For the scores in the
following table, the player keeps his bet and receives a payout as indicated.
Score Payout
9 or 10 $1
2 or 4 $5
11 $8
Let X be the random variable denoting the winnings of the casino from each round of
the game.
1
(i) Show that E( X ) and find Var( X ). [4]
12
(ii) X is the mean winnings of the casino from n rounds of this game. Find
P(X 0)
when n 30 and n 50 000. Make a comparison of these probabilities and
comment in context of the question. [3]
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6 The students in a college are separated into two groups of comparable sizes, Group
X and
Group Y. The marks for their Mathematics examination are normally distributed with
means and variances as shown in the following table.
Mean Variance
Group X 55 20
Group Y 34 25
(i) Explain why it may not be appropriate for the mark of a randomly chosen
student from the college population to be modelled by a normal
distribution. [1]
(ii) In order to pass the examination, students from Group Y must obtain at least d
marks. Find, correct to 1 decimal place, the maximum value of d if at least 60%
of them pass. [3]
(iii) Find the probability that the total marks of 4 students from Group Y is less than
three times the mark of a student from Group X. State clearly the mean and
variance of the distribution you use in your
calculation. [3]
(iv) The marks of 40 students, with 20 each randomly selected from Group X and
Group Y, are used to compute a new mean mark , M . Given that
P (| M 44.5| k ) 0.9545, find the value of k.
[4]
State a necessary assumption for your calculations to hold in parts (iii) and (iv). [1]
7 The company Snatch provides a ride-hailing service comprising taxis and private cars
in Singapore. Snatch claims that the mean waiting time for a passenger from the
booking time to the time of the vehicle’s arrival is 7 minutes.
To test whether the claim is true, a random sample of 30 passengers’ waiting times is
obtained. The standard deviation of the sample is 2 minutes. A hypothesis test
conducted concludes that there is sufficient evidence at the 1% significance level to
reject the claim.
(i) State appropriate hypotheses and the distribution of the test statistic used. [3]
(ii) Find the range of values of the sample mean waiting time, t . [3]
(iii) A hypothesis test is conducted at the 1% significance level whether the mean
waiting time of passengers is more than 7 minutes. Using the existing sample,
deduce the conclusion of this test if the sample mean waiting time is more
than 7 minutes. [2]
3
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x 5 8 12 16 18 20 23
y 12.5 12.9 13.6 14.8 17.0 19.3 25.1
(i) The manager concludes that an increase in monthly advertising expenditure will
result in an increase in the monthly sales of refrigerators. State, with a reason,
whether you agree with his conclusion. [1]
(ii) Draw a scatter diagram to illustrate the above data. Explain why a linear model
is not likely to be appropriate. [2]
It is thought that the monthly sales y thousand dollars can be modelled by one of the
formulae
y a b e x or y a b x2
where a and b are constants.
(iii) Find, correct to 4 decimal places, the value of the product moment correlation
coefficient between
(A) e x and y,
(B) x 2 and y.
x
Explain which of y a b e or y a b x 2 is the better model. [2]
Assume that the better model in part (iii) holds for part (iv).
(iv) The manager forgot to record the monthly advertising expenditure when the
monthly sales of refrigerators was $11300. Combining this with the above
data set, it is found that a = 10.876 and b = 0.09906 for the model. Find the
monthly advertising expenditure that the manager forgot to record, leaving
your answer to the nearest hundred. [3]
9 A sample of 5 people is chosen from a village of large population.
(i) The number of people in the sample who are underweight is denoted by X.
State, in context, the assumption required for X to be well modelled by a
binomial distribution. [1]
(ii) On average, the proportion of people in the village who are underweight is p.
It is known that the mode of X is 2. Use this information to show that
3 p 2.
1 1
[3]
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1000 samples of 5 people are chosen at random from the village and the results are
shown in the table below.
x 0 1 2 3 4 5
(iii) Using the above results, find x . Hence estimate the value of p. [2]
You may now use your estimate in part (iii) as the value of p.
(iv) Two random samples of 5 people are chosen. Find the probability that the
first sample has at least 4 people who are underweight and has more people
who are underweight than the second sample. [3]
10 (a) The word DISTRIBUTION has 12 letters.
(i) Find the number of different arrangements of the 12 letters that can be
made. [1]
(ii) Find the number of different arrangements which can be made if there
are exactly 8 letters between the two Ts. [3]
One of the Is is removed from the word and the remaining letters are arranged
randomly.
(iii) Find the probability that no adjacent letters are the same. [4]
(b) The insurance company Adiva classifies 10% of their car policy holders as
‘low risk’, 60% as ‘average risk’ and 30% as ‘high risk’. Its statistical
database has shown that of those classified as ‘low risk’, ‘average risk’ and
‘high risk’, 1%, 15% and 25% are involved in at least one accident
respectively.
(i) a randomly chosen policy holder is not involved in any accident if the
holder is classified as ‘average risk’, [1]
(ii) a randomly chosen policy holder is not involved in any accident, [2]
(iii) a randomly chosen policy holder is classified as ‘low risk’ if the holder is
involved in at least one accident. [2]
It is known that the cost of repairing a car when it meets with an accident has
the following probability distribution.
5
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It is known that a ‘low risk’ policy holder will not be involved in more than one
accident in a year. You may assume that there will be no cost incurred by the
company in insuring a holder whose car is not involved in any accident.
(iv) Construct the probability distribution table of the cost incurred by Adiva
in insuring a ‘low risk’ policy holder assuming that the cost of repairing a
car is independent of a ‘low risk’ policy holder meeting an accident. [1]
(v) In order to have an expected profit of $200 from each policy holder, find
the amount that Adiva should charge a ‘low risk’ policy holder when he
renews his annual policy. [2]
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1
0 2 0
1
e tan x 4
2
2 0
1 tan2 2
e 4 e tan 0
2
1
e 1
2
1 72 x 32 x 3 1 8x 9 4 x2
(ii) dx dx
9 4 x2 9 4 x2
1
1
8 x 9 4 x 2 2 dx
9 4 x2
2x 2
3
sin 1 9 4 x 2 2 C
1
2 3 3
2 x 2 a 1 x a 1
(i) y
x 1
x a x 1 1
x 1
1
( x a)
x 1
Given that oblique asymptote is y x 1 , a 1 (shown)
Alternative
x 2 a 1 x a 1 b
Let ( x 1)
x 1 x 1
x a 1 x a 1 x 1 b
2 2
Comparing coeff of x :
a 1 0
a 1 (shown) and b 1
1 x2 2
y ( x 1)
x 1 x 1
HA: x 1
OA: y x 1(given)
2
(0,2)
(ii)
y
(3,4) y=4
y=2
x
3
( x 1) 2 2
y
x
xy x 2 x 1
2
x 2 (2 y ) x 1 0
(2 y ) (2 y ) 2 4(1)(1)
x
2
( y 2) y 2 4 y 8
x (reject -ve root)
2
2
( y 2) y 2 4 y 8 1
dy 2 (2)
4
Volume =
2
2 2 3
= 9.75 units3 (3 s.f)
ln x du 1 ln x
3 (i) u
x dx x2
du du dx 1 ln x x ln x 2 x 2 ln x 2 x
dy dx dy x2 1 ln x x
du
u2 (shown)
dy
1 du
1 ln u 2 y c , c is an arbitrary constant
u 2 dy
u 2 e y c ece y
u 2 Ae y , A is an arbitrary constant
ln x
2 Ae y
x
y 0, x 1: A2
ln x
1 ey
2x
ln x
y ln 1 (shown)
2x
Alternative
1 du
1 ln u 2 y c , c is an arbitrary constant
u 2 dy
With the boundary condition u 0, y 0, we see that u 2 0
Thus ln u 2 y c and c ln 2
dy 1 ln x
(ii)
dx x ln x 2 x 2
4
dy 1
When 0, 1 ln x 0 x e , y ln 1
dx 2e
Therefore the maximum point is e, ln 1 .
1
2e
ln x
(iii) y ln 1
2x
ln x
When x , 0.
2x
ln x
y ln 1 ln1 0 .
2x
Thus a 0 (shown)
ln x
(iv) For y , 1 0
2x
ln x 2 x 0
x 0.4263
b 0.4263
Alternative
dy 1 ln x
When y is undefined, is undefined.
dx x ln x 2 x 2
Thus x ln x 2 x 2 0 .
Since x 0 for ln x to be defined, ln x 2 x 0 .
(v)
y
x
O
5
4 (a)
O b 3 B 2 C
5 5 1
OC b AC b a 5b 3a / /5b 3a
(i) 3 3 3
Equation of line AC: r a 3a 5b ,
(ii) Since l lies on the plane containing O, A and B, its direction vector is
coplanar with a and b, thus it will be a linear combination of a and b,
i.e. sa t b is a direction vector for l.
(iii) Let intersection point be D.
At D,
a 3a 5b b (a 3b)
Since a and b are non-zero, non-parallel vectors,
1 3 (1)
5 1 3 (2)
Solving,
5 1 3 1 3
14 4
2 1 1 10
, OD a b
7 7 7 7
(b)
6
Method 1
Since the base length (OB) and perpendicular height remain the same, the area of
parallelograms formed by different k remains the same as the area of the parallelogram
with sides OA and OB.
Method 2
(a kb) b | a b kb b || a b 0 || a b |
Area of parallelogram
a b | a || b | sin
2
1 1
a a 1
2 4
15 2
a
8
5 (i)
x -8 -5 -1 2
P(X = x) 2 1 4 2 7 23
36 18 36 18 36 36
46 7 20 16 1
E( X )
36 36 36 36 12
92 7 50 64 1
Var( X ) E( X 2 ) E( X )
2
36 36 18 18 122
1307
or 9.08 (to 3sf)
144
1 1307
(ii) Since n is large, X N , approximately by Central Limit Theorem.
12 144n
For n = 30, P X 0 0.560 (to 3sf)
For n = 50000, P X 0 1.00 (to 3sf)
The more rounds this game is played, the higher the chance of casino receiving a
positive average winnings. In other words, it is almost certain that casino will win in
the long run.
6 (i) The distribution may become bimodal when the data for both groups are
combined
(ii) Let Y be the score of a random student from Group Y. Y ~ N(34, 25)
P(Y d ) 0.6
P(Y d ) 0.4
7
4
(iii) E Yi 3 X 4E Y 3E X 29
1
4
Var Yi 3 X 4Var Y 9Var X 280
1
4
Yi 3 X ~ N 29,280
1
4 4
P(Yi 3 X ) P(Yi 3 X 0) 0.958 (to 3sf)
1 1
20 20
X Y i i
(iv) M i 1 i 1
40
20E( X ) 20E(Y ) 1
E M
40
E( X ) E(Y ) 44.5
2
Let 2 Var M
1
20Var( X ) 20Var(Y )
1600
1
Var( X ) Var(Y ) 0.5625
80
M ~ N 44.5, 0.5625
Since P( M 44.5 k ) 0.9545
1 0.9545
P( M 44.5 k ) 0.02275
2
44.5 k 43.000
k 1.50 (3 s.f)
Alternative
M ~ N 44.5, 2
30 30 120
s2 sample variance 4
29 29 29
Under H0, since the sample size is large, the test statistic is
4
T N 7, approximately by Central Limit Theorem.
29
0.005 0.005
c1 7 c2
(iii) From the two tail test, we know that p-value (two tail) 0.01 . For a one-tail
test, p-value(one tail) p-value (two tail) 0.005 0.01 ,
2
therefore we reject H0 and conclude that there is sufficient evidence at 1% significance
level to say that mean waiting time is more than 7 minutes.
Alternatively,
From the two tail test and t 7 , P(T t ) 0.005 .
p-value for one-tail test = P(T t ) 0.01 . Therefore we reject H0 and conclude that
there is sufficient evidence at 1% significance level to say that mean waiting time is
more than 7 minutes.
(ii)
y ($ in thousands)
(23, 25.1)
x ($ in
hundreds)
(5, 12.5)
(iii)
(A) r = 0.9684 (to 4dp)
(B) r = 0.9495 (to 4dp)
x x
Since the r value between e and y has an absolute value closer to 1, y a b e is
the better model.
Since e
x and y lie on the new regression line y on e x ,
and letting x m when y 11.3 ,
7
x e m
i 1
e i
15.813 10.876 0.09906
8
7
e 390.96
xi
Using GC (1-var stats),
i 1
390.96 e
m
15.813 10.876 0.09906
8
e
m
7.7479 m 4.19 4
Monthly advertising expenditure = $400 (nearest hundred)
10
(ii) P( X 1) P( X 2)
and P( X 2) P( X 3)
5
C1 p(1 p ) 4 5C2 p 2 (1 p )3
and C2 p 2 (1 p )3 5C3 p 3 (1 p )2
5
Since (1 p ) 0 and p 0,
1 p 2p and 1 p p
p 1
3 and p 1
2
13 p 1
2 (shown)
I S D R I B U I O N
I S D R I B U I O N
I S D R I B U I O N
Method 2
T_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ T _ _
(iii) Method 1
Case 1: Both I together but both T separated
Method 2
10!
Number of ways in which both T are together =
2!
10!
Number of ways in which both I are together =
2!
Number of ways in which both pairs of identical letters are together = 9!
10!
Total number of ways in complement 2 9! 3265920
2!
12
3265920
Required probability = 1 0.673
11!
2!2!
(b)(i) P(holder is not involved in any accident | the holder is classified as ‘average risk’)
100% 15% 85% 0.85
(iii) P(policy holder is ‘low risk’ | has met at least one car accident)
P(holder is classified as 'low risk' and met with at least 1 accident)
P(holder meets with at least 1 accident)
0.1(0.01)
1 0.834
1
0.00602 (to 3sf) or
166
Solving, P 312.5
The company should charge $312.50 for a car insurance plan for ‘low risk’.