988H Wheel Loader BXY00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C18 Engine(SEBP3906 - 89) - Documentation

Product: WHEEL LOADER

Model: 988H WHEEL LOADER BXY00410
Configuration: 988H Wheel Loader BXY00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C18
Engine

Troubleshooting
988H Wheel Loader Power Train Media Number -RENR6205-11 Publication Date
-01/11/2013 Date Updated -12/11/2013

i03826164

Diagnostic Code List

SMCS - 7569

Use the Caterpillar Monitoring System or the Caterpillar Electronic Technician

(Cat ET) in order to determine the diagnostic codes for the ECM. After
determining the diagnostic codes, refer to the corresponding test procedure for
more information. Perform the procedure that corresponds to the Component
Identifier (CID) and the Failure Mode Identifier (FMI) of the diagnostic code.
The following table is a list of possible diagnostic codes for the ECM.
Table 1Diagnostic Codes For the Power Train ECM
Module Identifier "(MID)" No. 081 (1)
Perform the procedure that corresponds to the CID and the FMI of the
diagnostic code during troubleshooting.
CID / FMI Description
CID 0041 Sensor Power Supply Voltage:
FMI 03 Voltage above normal or shorted high.
FMI 04 Voltage below normal or shorted low.
CID 0138 Rotary Switch (Reduced Rimpull Selector):
FMI 03 Voltage above normal or shorted high.
FMI 04 Voltage below normal or shorted low.
CID 0168 Electrical System Voltage:
FMI 00 Data valid but above normal operational range.
FMI 01 Data valid but below normal operational range.
CID 0177 Temperature Sensor (Transmission Oil):
FMI 03 Voltage above normal or shorted high.
FMI 04 Voltage below normal or shorted low.
CID 0190 Speed Sensor (Engine):
FMI 02 Data erratic, intermittent, or incorrect.
CID 0363 Solenoid Valve (Ride Control):
FMI 03 Voltage above normal or shorted high.
FMI 05 Current below normal or open circuit.
FMI 06 Current above normal or grounded circuit.
CID 0367 Rocker Switch (Ride Control):
FMI 03 Voltage above normal or shorted high.
FMI 04 Voltage below normal or shorted low.

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 CID 0378 Valve Solenoid:
FMI 03 Voltage above normal or shorted high.
FMI 05 Current below normal or open circuit.
FMI 06 Current above normal or grounded circuit.
CID 0379 Sensor (Auto Lube Pressure):
FMI 03 Voltage above normal or shorted high.
FMI 04 Voltage below normal or shorted low.
CID 0444 Magnetic Switch (Start Relay):
FMI 03 Voltage above normal or shorted high.
FMI 05 Current below normal or open circuit.
FMI 06 Current above normal or grounded circuit.
CID 0562 Caterpillar Monitoring System:
FMI 09 Abnormal update.
FMI 12 Bad device or component.
CID 0585 Speed Sensor No. 1 (Transmission Output):
FMI 02 Data erratic, intermittent, or incorrect.
CID 0590 Electronic Control Module (Engine):
FMI 09 Abnormal update.
FMI 12 Bad device or component.
CID 0596 Electronic Control Module (Implement):
FMI 09 Abnormal update.
FMI 12 Bad device or component.
CID 0603 Pressure Sensor (Torque Converter Impeller Clutch):
FMI 03 Voltage above normal or shorted high.
FMI 04 Voltage below normal or shorted low.
CID 0623 Rocker Switch (Transmission Direction):
FMI 03 Voltage above normal or shorted high.
FMI 04 Voltage below normal or shorted low.
CID 0626 Limit Switch (Steering/Transmission Lock):
FMI 03 Voltage above normal or shorted high.
FMI 04 Voltage below normal or shorted low.
CID 0627 Pressure Switch (Parking Brake):
FMI 03 Voltage above normal or shorted high.
FMI 04 Voltage below normal or shorted low.
CID 0650 Harness Code:
FMI 09 Abnormal update.
FMI 14 Parameter failure.
CID 0670 Pedal Position Sensor (Torque Converter Output):
FMI 00 Data valid but above normal operational range.
FMI 01 Data valid but below normal operational range.
FMI 03 Voltage above normal or shorted high.
FMI 04 Voltage below normal or shorted low.
FMI 13 Out of calibration.
CID 0672 Speed Sensor (Torque Converter Output):
FMI 00 Data valid but above normal operational range.
FMI 01 Data valid but below normal operational range.
CID 0673 Speed Sensor No. 2 (Transmission Output):
FMI 02 Data erratic, intermittent, or incorrect.
CID 0678 Modulating Valve (Torque Converter Impeller Clutch):
FMI 03 Voltage above normal or shorted high.
FMI 05 Current below normal or open circuit.
FMI 06 Current above normal or grounded circuit.
FMI 13 Out of calibration.
CID 0679 Modulating Valve (Torque Converter Lockup Clutch):

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 FMI 03 Voltage above normal or shorted high.
FMI 05 Current below normal or open circuit.
FMI 06 Current above normal or grounded circuit.
FMI 13 Out of calibration.
CID 1401 Modulating Valve (No. 1) (Transmission):
FMI 03 Voltage above normal or shorted high.
FMI 05 Current below normal or open circuit.
FMI 06 Current above normal or grounded circuit.
FMI 13 Out of calibration.
CID 1402 Modulating Valve (No. 2) (Transmission):
FMI 03 Voltage above normal or shorted high.
FMI 05 Current below normal or open circuit.
FMI 06 Current above normal or grounded circuit.
FMI 13 Out of calibration.
CID 1403 Modulating Valve (No. 3) (Transmission):
FMI 03 Voltage above normal or shorted high.
FMI 05 Current below normal or open circuit.
FMI 06 Current above normal or grounded circuit.
FMI 13 Out of calibration.
CID 1404 Modulating Valve (No. 4) (Transmission):
FMI 03 Voltage above normal or shorted high.
FMI 05 Current below normal or open circuit.
FMI 06 Current above normal or grounded circuit.
FMI 13 Out of calibration.
CID 1405 Modulating Valve (No. 5) (Transmission):
FMI 03 Voltage above normal or shorted high.
FMI 05 Current below normal or open circuit.
FMI 06 Current above normal or grounded circuit.
FMI 13 Out of calibration.
CID 1406 Modulating Valve (No. 6) (Transmission):
FMI 03 Voltage above normal or shorted high.
FMI 05 Current below normal or open circuit.
FMI 06 Current above normal or grounded circuit.
FMI 13 Out of calibration.
( 1 ) This table pertains only to diagnostic codes with a MID of 081.

Note: Table 1 refers to the diagnostic codes for the power train ECM only. When
the Caterpillar Monitoring System is in service mode, the diagnostic codes for
the ECM are shown on the display area of the Caterpillar Monitoring System. The
information of the diagnostic code for the ECM is transferred via the Cat Data
Link to the Caterpillar Monitoring System. This diagnostic information is shown
when the Caterpillar Monitoring System is in the service mode. The module
identifier (MID) tells the service person the ECM that is sending the diagnostic
code. The MID for the power train ECM is 081. The information in table 1 refers
only to diagnostic codes with a MID of 081. The MID of other electronic control
modules or components on a particular machine are listed on the electrical
system schematic. Troubleshooting information for the diagnostic codes with a
MID that is not 081 can be found in the service manual for that system.
ReferenceFor more information on the Caterpillar Monitoring System, refer to the
module Testing and Adjusting, "Using Caterpillar Monitoring System to Determine
Diagnostic Codes" in thos manual.
Module Identifier (MID)
Diagnostics from other electronic control modules are shown on the monitoring
system. Other electronic control modules transfer this diagnostic information on

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 the Cat Data Link to the monitoring system.
The module identifier (MID) identifies the electronic control module that
detected the problem. Each electronic control module on the machine has a unique
MID. Use the following chart in order to match the MID for each diagnostic code
to a specific electronic control module. The chart for the Module Identifier
(MID) is located on the Electrical System Schematic for your machine. See the
chart if the MID is not shown on the display of your machine. After the operator
determines the electronic control module that has detected the problem, see the
service manual module for that particular ECM for more troubleshooting
information. The service manual for each ECM is part of the machine's Service
Manual.
If the MID is for the Power Train ECM, use this service manual module. The MID
for the Power Train ECM is 081. If the MID is different use the appropriate
module.
Table 2Description of the Module Identifier
MID Description
030 Caterpillar Monitoring System
036 Engine ECM
074 Payload Control System
081 Power Train ECM
082 Implement ECM

Failure Mode Identifier

The codes for the Failure Mode Identifier are defined by the SAE standards. The
following list contains a CAT version of definitions. The diagram that follows
will help you understand the use of FMI with sensors.

Illustration 1g00493694

Table 3Failure Mode Identifier and Message Center Displays

FMI "Failure Description"
00 "Data valid but above normal operating range"
01 "Data valid but below normal operating range"
02 "Data erratic, intermittent or incorrect"
03 "Voltage above normal or shorted high"
04 "Voltage below normal or shorted low"
05 "Current below normal or open circuit"
06 "Current above normal or grounded circuit"
07 "Mechanical system not responding properly"
08 "Abnormal frequency, pulse, or period"
09 "Abnormal update"
10 "Abnormal rate of change"
11 "Failure mode not identifiable"
12 "Bad device or component"
13 "Out of calibration"
14 N/A

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 15 N/A
16 "Parameter not available"
17 "Module not responding"
18 "Sensor supply fault"
19 "Condition not met"
20 N/A

Detailed FMI Explanation

FMI 00 "Data Valid But Above Normal Operating Range" - Every electronic control
system sets a high limit for the expected operating range of the signal. The
high limit includes over range signals. This could be a high temperature. A
sensor that is still operating but sending a signal above the expected limit
will cause a FMI 00 to be stored.
Some of the possible causes of a FMI 00 are listed below.
The signal is above normal.
The signal is shorted to the +battery circuit.
The sensor needs to be calibrated.
This is an example of a sensor that needs calibration. A PWM signal that is at a
duty cycle of 80 percent is a valid signal. If the PWM signal has a duty cycle
of 81 percent the sensor is still working, but the sensor signal is above the
expected signal limits.
FMI 01 "Data Valid But Below Normal Operating Range" - Every electronic control
system sets a low limit for the expected operating range of the signal. The
limit includes signals that are under the lower limit. The low signal could be
the oil pressure signal. The sensor is still working but sending a signal below
the expected limit will cause a FMI 01 to be stored.
Some of the possible causes of a FMI 01 are listed below.
The signal is below the normal range.
The timing is retarded.
This is an example of a PWM sensor. This sensor is not expected to generate a
PWM signal below a duty cycle of 5 percent with zero air pressure. If the sensor
generates a signal with a duty cycle of 4 percent when the engine is shutdown.
The sensor is still working but sending a signal below the expected limit will
cause a FMI 01 to be stored.
FMI 02 "Data Erratic, Intermittent or Incorrect" - The signal from a component
is present. The control that reads the diagnostic information can not read the
signal properly. The signal appears to be gone, unstable or invalid. The data
can be correct or incorrect intermittently. Also, this condition relates to
communication between controls. This is an example of communication between
controls. When the monitoring system is looking for the engine speed from the
engine ECM over the Cat Data Link.
There is a failed connection.
The signal is intermittent or erratic.
The software has been changed.
The signal is noisy.
The signal is out of range.
FMI 03 "Voltage Above Normal or Shorted High" - The component or system voltage
is higher than the limit. FMI 03 most often relates to a signal circuit.
Some of the components that could cause a FMI 03 are listed below.
The sensor or the switch has failed.
The harness is damaged.
The electronic control module has failed.
Some of the possible causes of a FMI 03 are listed below.
A sensor that has failed and the voltage output is high.

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 Any wiring harness that has a sensor signal wire shorted to a high voltage. A
high voltage is any voltage that is greater than the sensor supply voltage.
A wiring harness that has an open circuit in the sensor signal wire will cause
the control to pull up. When this occurs the input circuit is pulled up to the
supply voltage.
A faulty control will also cause a FMI 03. This is very unlikely.
FMI 04 "Voltage Below Normal or Shorted Low" - The component or system voltage
is lower than the limit. FMI 04 most often relates to a signal circuit.
Some of the components that could cause a FMI 04 are listed below.
The sensor or the switch has failed.
The harness is damaged.
The electronic control has failed.
Some of the possible causes of a FMI 04 are listed below.
A sensor that has failed and the voltage output is low.
Any wiring harness that has a sensor signal wire shorted to ground.
A failed ECM will also cause a FMI 04. This is very unlikely.
FMI 05 "Current Below Normal or Open Circuit" - The current through the
component or the system is lower than the limit. FMI 05 is most often related to
a driver circuit.
Some of the possible causes of a FMI 05 are listed below.
There is an open circuit or a poor harness connection.
There is an open relay.
There is a switch in the open position.
FMI 06 "Current Above Normal or Grounded Circuit" - The current through the
component or the system is higher than the limit. FMI 06 is most often related
to a driver circuit. This diagnostic code is very similar to FMI 04.
Some of the possible causes of a FMI 06 are listed below.
There is a short to ground in the harness connection.
There is a shorted relay.
A failed control will also cause a FMI 06. This is very unlikely.
FMI 07 "Mechanical System Not Responding Properly" - The control detects a
signal that is sent to a mechanical system and the response is not correct.
Some of the possible causes of a FMI 07 are listed below.
The component responds improperly.
The component is stuck in a position.
The component has failed.
The engine is shut down.
The machine is being used improperly.
FMI 08 "Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width or Period" - This occurs when the signal
is not in the expected range. FMI 08 can also relate to a faulty sensor.
Some of the possible causes of a FMI 08 are listed below.
The harness connections are intermittent or poor.
The engine misfired.
The signal is noisy due to nearby interference.
There are loose mechanical devices.
FMI 09 "Abnormal Update" - This relates to communications on the data link. FMI
09 occurs when a control is not able to get any information from another
control.
Some of the possible causes of a FMI 09 are listed below.
The control module is not communicating on the data link correctly.
The rate of data transmission is abnormal.
The data link has failed.
There is a mismatch of software.
FMI 10 "Abnormal Rate of Change" - This relates to a signal that changes too

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 fast. The rate of change is outside of the expected limit.
FMI 11 "Failure Mode Not Identifiable" - The control identifies more than one
FMI as being responsible for a single failure.
Some of the possible causes of a FMI 11 are listed below.
There is a mechanical failure.
There is damage to multiple circuits.
FMI 12 "Bad Device or Component" - The electronic control sends a signal and the
electronic control expects a response. The control receives an incorrect
response .
A possible cause of a FMI 12 is listed below.
There are one or more controls with mismatched software.
FMI 13 "Out of Calibration" - The electrical signal is not within limits for a
specific mechanical condition.
Some of the possible causes of a FMI 13 are listed below.
Calibration is required.
The data is out of range.
FMI 14, 15, and 20 - These codes are not active.
FMI 16 "Parameter Not Available" - The control does not support the requested
parameter.
FMI 17 "Module Not Responding" - The control does not respond to the request for
data.
FMI 18 "Sensor Supply Failure" - The sensor power supply in the control has
failed.
FMI 19 "Condition Not Met" - The conditions that are defined by the software
were not met.

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