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    Final Assignment of English: Pysiotherapy Academi of St. Lukas Tomohon 2010

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    This document contains notes on English tenses: - Sections are devoted to the simple present, present continuous, present perfect, simple past, simple future, past continuous, and degrees of comparison tenses. - Each section provides the formula, examples, and common uses of the tense. - Key details are provided for how to form and apply the various tenses in sentences.

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    Final Assignment of English: Pysiotherapy Academi of St. Lukas Tomohon 2010

    Uploaded by

    cbxf
    60 views12 pages
    This document contains notes on English tenses: - Sections are devoted to the simple present, present continuous, present perfect, simple past, simple future, past continuous, and degrees of comparison tenses. - Each section provides the formula, examples, and common uses of the tense. - Key details are provided for how to form and apply the various tenses in sentences.

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    Simple Present

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    This document contains notes on English tenses: - Sections are devoted to the simple present, present continuous, present perfect, simple past, simple future, past continuous, and degrees of comparison tenses. - Each section provides the formula, examples, and common uses of the tense. - Key details are provided for how to form and apply the various tenses in sentences.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    60 views12 pages

    Final Assignment of English: Pysiotherapy Academi of St. Lukas Tomohon 2010

    Uploaded by

    cbxf
    This document contains notes on English tenses: - Sections are devoted to the simple present, present continuous, present perfect, simple past, simple future, past continuous, and degrees of comparison tenses. - Each section provides the formula, examples, and common uses of the tense. - Key details are provided for how to form and apply the various tenses in sentences.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    Final assignment of English

    summary

    written by

    name : fenji.mamonto

    nim : 10012

    semester : 1

    lecturer : P . Witak . spd

    PYSIOTHERAPY ACADEMI OF ST. LUKAS


    TOMOHON
    2010
    Content ( Isi )

    - Simple present tense


    - Present continues tense
    - Present perfec tense
    - Simple past tense
    - Simple future tense
    - Past continues tense
    - Degrees of comparison
    Simple Present tense

    Rumusnya:
    Positif: S + V1 (s/es)
    Negatif: S + DO/DOES + NOT + V1
    Tanya: DO/DOES + S + V1

    [VERB] + s/es in third person

    Examples:

     You speak English.


     Do you speak English?
     You do not speak English.

    Use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is repeated or usual. The action can be a
    habit, a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something that often happens. It can also be
    something a person often forgets or usually does not do.

    Examples:

     I play tennis.
     She does not play tennis.
     Does he play tennis?
     The train leaves every morning at 8 AM.
     The train does not leave at 9 AM.
     When does the train usually leave?
     She always forgets her purse.
     He never forgets his wallet.
     Every twelve months, the Earth circles the Sun.
     Does the Sun circle the Earth?
    Present Continuous tense
    Rumusnya:
    Positif: S + Tobe + Ving
    Negatif: S + Tobe+ Not+ Ving
    Tanya: Tobe + S + Ving

    [am/is/are + present participle]

    Examples:

     You are watching TV.


     Are you watching TV?
     You are not watching TV.

    Use the Present Continuous with Normal Verbs to express the idea that something is happening
    now, at this very moment. It can also be used to show that something is not happening now.

    Examples:

     You are learning English now.


     You are not swimming now.
     Are you sleeping?
     I am sitting.
     I am not standing.
     Is he sitting or standing?
     They are reading their books.
     They are not watching television.
     What are you doing?
     Why aren't you doing your homework?
    Present Perfect tense
    Rumusnya Present Perfect Tense begini:
    Positif: S + have/has + V3
    Negatif: S + have/sas Not + V3
    Tanya: Have/has + S + V3

    [has/have + past participle]

    Examples:

     You have seen that movie many times.


     Have you seen that movie many times?
     You have not seen that movie many times.

    We use the Present Perfect to say that an action happened at an unspecified time before now. The
    exact time is not important. You CANNOT use the Present Perfect with specific time
    expressions such as: yesterday, one year ago, last week, when I was a child, when I lived in
    Japan, at that moment, that day, one day, etc. We CAN use the Present Perfect with unspecific
    expressions such as: ever, never, once, many times, several times, before, so far, already, yet, etc.

    Examples:

     I have seen that movie twenty times.


     I think I have met him once before.
     There have been many earthquakes in California.
     People have traveled to the Moon.
     People have not traveled to Mars.
     Have you read the book yet?
     Nobody has ever climbed that mountain.
     A: Has there ever been a war in the United States?
    B: Yes, there has been a war in the United States.
    Simple Past tense
    Rumus Past Tense:
    Positif: S + V2
    Negatif: S + did not + V1
    Tanya: Did + S + V1

    [VERB+ed] or irregular verbs

    Examples:

     You called Debbie.


     Did you call Debbie?
     You did not call Debbie.

    Use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in the
    past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have one
    specific time in mind.

    Examples:

     I saw a movie yesterday.


     I didn't see a play yesterday.
     Last year, I traveled to Japan.
     Last year, I didn't travel to Korea.
     Did you have dinner last night?
     She washed her car.
     He didn't wash his car.
    Simple Future tense

    Simple Future has two different forms in English: "will" and "be going to." Although the two forms can
    sometimes be used interchangeably, they often express two very different meanings. These different
    meanings might seem too abstract at first, but with time and practice, the differences will become clear.
    Both "will" and "be going to" refer to a specific time in the future.

    Rumus Future Tense


    Positif: S + will + V1
    Negatif: S + will + not + V1
    Tanya: Will + S + V1

    [will + verb]

    Examples:

     You will help him later.


     Will you help him later?
     You will not help him later.

    FORM Be Going To

    [am/is/are + going to + verb]

    Examples:

     You are going to meet Jane tonight.


     Are you going to meet Jane tonight?
     You are not going to meet Jane tonight.
    USE 1 "Will" to Express a Voluntary Action

    "Will" often suggests that a speaker will do something voluntarily. A voluntary action is one the
    speaker offers to do for someone else. Often, we use "will" to respond to someone else's
    complaint or request for help. We also use "will" when we request that someone help us or
    volunteer to do something for us. Similarly, we use "will not" or "won't" when we refuse to
    voluntarily do something.

    Examples:

     I will send you the information when I get it.


     I will translate the email, so Mr. Smith can read it.
     Will you help me move this heavy table?
     Will you make dinner?
     I will not do your homework for you.
     I won't do all the housework myself!
     A: I'm really hungry.
    B: I'll make some sandwiches.
     A: I'm so tired. I'm about to fall asleep.
    B: I'll get you some coffee.
     A: The phone is ringing.
    B: I'll get it.
    Past Continuous tense
    Rumus Past Continuous Tense
    Positif: S + was/were + Ving
    Negatif: S + was/were + NOT + Ving
    Tanya: Was/Were + S + Ving

    [was/were + present participle]

    Examples:

     You were studying when she called.


     Were you studying when she called?
     You were not studying when she called.

    Use the Past Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the past was interrupted. The
    interruption is usually a shorter action in the Simple Past. Remember this can be a real
    interruption or just an interruption in time.

    Examples:

     I was watching TV when she called.


     When the phone rang, she was writing a letter.
     While we were having the picnic, it started to rain.
     What were you doing when the earthquake started?
     I was listening to my iPod, so I didn't hear the fire alarm.
     You were not listening to me when I told you to turn the oven off.
     While John was sleeping last night, someone stole his car.
     Sammy was waiting for us when we got off the plane.
     While I was writing the email, the computer suddenly went off.
     A: What were you doing when you broke your leg?
    B: I was snowboarding.
    Degrees of Comparison

    Degrees of Comparison are used when we compare one person or one thing with another.

    There are three Degrees of Comparison in English.

    They are:

    1. Positive degree.

    2. Comparative degree.

    3. Superlative degree.

    Let us see all of them one by one.

    1.Positive degree.
    When we speak about only one person or thing,We use the Positive degree.

    Examples:

    • This house is big.

    In this sentence only one noun “The house” is talked about.

    • He is a tall student.

    • This flower is beautiful.

    • He is an intelligent boy.

    Each sentence mentioned above talks about only one noun.


    The second one in the Degrees of Comparison is...

    2.Comparative degree.
    When we compare two persons or two things with each other,

    We use both the Positive degree and Comparative degree.

    Examples:

    a. This house is bigger than that one. (Comparative degree)

    This house is not as big as that one. (Positive degree)

    The term “bigger” is comparative version of the term “big”.

    Both these sentences convey the same meaning.

    b. This flower is more beautiful than that. (Comparative)

    This flower is not as beautiful as that. (Positive)

    The term “more beautiful” is comparative version of the term “beautiful”.

    Both these sentences convey the same meaning.

    c. He is more intelligent than this boy. (Comparative)

    He is not as intelligent as this boy. (Positive)

    The term “more intelligent” is comparative version of the term “intelligent”.

    Both these sentences convey the same meaning.


    3.Superlative degree:

    When we compare more than two persons or things with one another,

    We use all the three Positive, Comparative and Superlative degrees.

    Examples:

    a. This is the biggest house in this street. (Superlative)

    This house is bigger than any other house in this street. (Comparative)

    No other house in this street is as big as this one. (Positive)

    The term “biggest” is the superlative version of the term “big”.

    All the three sentences mean the same meaning.

    b. This flower is the most beautiful one in this garden. (Superlative)

    This flower is more beautiful than any other flower in this garden. (Comparative)

    No other flower in this garden is as beautiful as this one. (Comparative)

    The term “most beautiful” is the superlative version of the term “beautiful”.

    All the three sentences mean the same meaning.

    c. He is the most intelligent in this class. (Superlative)

    He is more intelligent than other boys in the class. (Comparative)

    No other boy is as intelligent as this boy. (Positive)

    The term “most intelligent” is superlative version of the term “intelligent”.

    Both these sentences convey the same meaning.

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