Morningstar Comunicaciones Manual en
Morningstar Comunicaciones Manual en
Morningstar Comunicaciones Manual en
1 September, 2009
8 Pheasant Run
Newtown, PA 18940 USA
www.morningstarcorp.com
Contents
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Communications Protocols
1.2 Communications Interfaces
1.3 RS-232 vs. USB
2.0 Networking Hardware
2.1 Morningstar Equipment
2.2 Other Equipment
3.0 MeterBusTM Networks
3.1 Overview
3.2 Networking Rules
3.3 Example Networks
3.4 Setup Network
4.0 MODBUS Networks
4.1 Overview
4.2 Local Connections
4.3 Remote Connections
5.0 MSView
5.1 Overview
5.2 Installation
5.3 Establishing A Connection
5.4 Creating New Displays
5.5 Setup Wizards
6.0 MSLoad
7.0 Website Hosting via HTTP
8.0 E-mail / SMS Alerts / SNMP Traps
9.0 Data Logging
10.0 Network Security
2 Contents
11.0 Troubleshooting
Appendix I - TSMPPT Networking
I. Introduction
II. Connect to LAN
III. Remote Access
IV. Multi-Controller Networking
V. Additional Info
Appendix II - Advanced System Example
The following symbols are used throughout this document to indicate potentially
dangerous conditions or mark important safety instructions.
Morningstar products supporting this protocol feature RJ-11 ports. Physical connections between
MeterBusTM devices are made using standard 4 or 6 conductor phone cords with RJ-11 connec-
tors. MeterBusTM networks have a 15 device capability, a simple RJ-11 interface, and are easy to
setup and maintain.
Meter Hubs are used to network MeterBusTM capable devices. Each network device is assigned a
unique MeterBus ID. In these networks, some devices supply power to the network, while others
receive power from the network.
For more information into the capabilities of MeterBusTM and how to setup a MeterBusTM network,
please refer to Section 3.
1.1.2 MODBUS
MODBUSTM is an open and license-free protocol that is widely regarded as the de facto standard
in the industrial automation industry. There is an abundance of software and equipment available
that directly support MODBUSTM. Additionally, sample source code for a variety of platforms is
readily available online. Morningstar’s free MSView PC software uses MODBUSTM for all commu-
nications.
MODBUSTM does not rely on any one physical communication interface; it works the same on all
physical interfaces. Each device is configured to be a master or a slave. Masters always ‘poll’ or
start conversations on the network and either slaves or other masters can respond. Two modes
4 Introduction
of MODBUSTM transmission exist, ASCII and RTU (remote terminal unit).
For more information into the capabilities of MODBUSTM, please refer to Section 4.
MODBUS TCP/IPTM uses an Ethernet (RJ-45) connection and is supported by all Morningstar
products with an Ethernet port. It allows the user to connect to the Ethernet enabled unit using
the MSViewTM software package and view real-time system data, log system data, and program
custom charging setpoints.
Morningstar products without an Ethernet port (but with another communications port) require a
MODBUSTM Ethernet to Serial converter serving as a bridge between MODBUS IPTM and serial
MODBUSTM in order to be connected to an Ethernet network. See Section 2.2.10.
1.1.4 HTTP
HyperText Transfer Protocol is the most common communications protocol used for transmitting
data over the internet. Ethernet capable Morningstar controllers feature HTTP compatibility, en-
abling it to host webpages that display controller settings, real-time system data, logged historical
data, and system status.
1.1.5 SMTP
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is used by Ethernet enabled Morningstar controllers to deliver e-
mail alerts and regular status updates of the system. See Section 8.0 for more information on the
ability to provide e-mail/sms alerts via SMTP.
1.1.6 SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol is often used by large, integrated systems to monitor
individual pieces of equipment on the system network. Ethernet enabled Morningstar controllers
are able to send asynchronous SNMP traps corresponding to alarms, faults, or custom defined
events. These traps are received by an SNMP browser running on the destination computer.
Browsers (such as the MIB Browser) can be downloaded for free on the Internet. See Section 8.0
for more information on SNMP.
*RS-232 and EIA-485 connections share the same internal hardware, therefore, only one interface can
be used at a given time.
Ethernet has emerged as the more useful interface than USB, therefore, many new Morningstar
products will have a built-in Ethernet interface.
6 Introduction
2.0 Networking Hardware
There are many pieces of networking hardware. The following is a description of the most com-
mon hardware used to network Morningstar devices.
The PC MeterbusTM Adapter (model: MSC) converts the Morningstar MeterBusTM RJ-11 electrical
interface to a standard RS-232 interface which allows MODBUSTM communication between a PC
and a Morningstar charge controller or inverter**. Controllers with only an RJ-11 port require the
MSC to program custom charging setpoints or log data using Morningstar’s MSViewTM PC soft-
ware. The MSC can also be used with any 3rd party MODBUSTM capable hardware to communi-
cate with the Morningstar unit.
** controllers or inverters with a MeterBusTM connection that do not have a serial port or other communications port
Networking Hardware 7
The RSC-1 adapter provides the ability to network serial devices over an EIA-485 bus using the
MODBUSTM protocol. A null modem cable is used to connect a PC to the RSC-1, while a straight-
through serial cable is used to connect a Morningstar device to the RSC-1.
The RSC-1 requires an external power source. Input voltage to the adapter should be between
8-16V, therefore, it may be powered by a 12 Volt battery. Use a DC-DC converter for 24V, 36V,
and 48V system batteries.
The Meter Hub allows for easy scalability of a MeterBusTM network by providing five extra RJ-11
MeterBusTM ports. Ports 1-4 are electrically isolated from Power Output and Power Input Ports A
& B. Each draws operating power from the device connected to the Port. Up to four Meter Hubs
can be linked on the same MeterBusTM network. Refer to Section 3.2 for more information regard-
ing proper use of Meter Hubs.
In addition to Morningstar equipment, other 3rd party networking supplies will usually be needed.
The following is a description of products which may be needed for proper networking. These
products will be mentioned throughout this manual; please take the time to familiarize yourself
with them.
8 Networking Hardware
only a guideline for the user. Morningstar makes no guarantee that these products will
interface properly with Morningstar units. Please do all necessary research into compat-
ibility before making a purchase.
Figure 5a. Regular-style serial cable Figure 5b. Ribbon-style serial cable
10 Networking Hardware
2.2.5 Ethernet Crossover Cable
Similar to a null modem cable, an Ethernet crossover cable allows two devices that are normally
connected through a hub or a router to communicate directly. When these devices are connected
through a hub or router, the crossover is done internally, making a crossover cable unnecessary.
12 Networking Hardware
2.2.9 USB Hub
A USB hub allows multiple USB devices to use the same built-in USB port on your PC. There are
two types of hubs, bus-powered and self-powered. Bus-powered hubs draw all their power from
the PC’s USB port and require devices connected to them to share this power. This often limits
the number and types of USB devices which can be connected to the hub. Self-powered, how-
ever, uses an external power source to supply full power to every port on the hub.
Figure 13a. Moxa Ethernet / Serial Converter (A) Figure 13b. B&B Elec. Converter (B)
14 Networking Hardware
Recommended: Digi Connect WAN Family of products (one model shown above)
Advanced security encryption is recommended when using these devices. Data transmitted wire-
lessly is much easier to intercept than data over a wired connection. Proper encryption ensures
your data is protected.
Recommended: B&B Elec. Zlinx Industrial Radio Modem ZP24D-192RM-MR (shown above)
Morningstar controllers are MODBUSTM RTU (remote terminal unit) slave devices and can be
polled by RTUs and PLCs with MODBUSTM capability. SCADA (System Control And Data Acquisi-
tion) systems often use PLCs to poll RTU devices for data.
PLCs vary greatly in their features and pricing, however, you must be sure the PLC is MOD-
BUSTM compatible for it to communicate with Morningstar products.
16 Networking Hardware
3.0 MeterBusTM Networking
3.1 Overview
The MeterBusTM Protocol is Morningstar’s proprietary messaging structure for communication
between Morningstar products. This protocol is used for communications between controllers and
meters, controllers and Relay Drivers, and for other inter-product data transfer.
**A Morningstar MeterBus Hub (HUB-1) and TriStar Digital Meter 2 (TS-M-2) or TriStar Remote Meter 2 (TS-RM-2) are required,
MeterBusTM Networking 17
The Meter Hub electrically isolates devices that supply power to the MeterBusTM, preventing
grounding problems.
• One device from Table 2, Column A must be connected to Input Power Port B of the Meter
Hub. Ports A and B are not isolated from each other, therefore, when Input Power Port B is
energized, Output Power Port A provides power to its device.
• To link multiple hubs, Output Power Port A is connected to Input Power Port B on the next
hub, thereby providing power.
• A maximum of three devices can be powered off a single device from Column A. The
Multiple-Hub diagram in Figure 20 illustrates this.
• Only one device from Table 2, column A may be connected to each port on the Meter Hub.
• Table 2, Column B devices cannot be the only device connected to ports 1-4 (these ports
do not provide output power).
• To supply power to a device from Column B, you must connect a device from Column A to
the device from Column B, and then connect that device (B) to a port on the Meter Hub.
Example Network #2 shows how to correctly achieve this.
18 MeterBusTM Networking
Figure 17. Morningstar MeterBusTM Small Network Diagram
20 MeterBusTM Networking
Figure 20. Morningstar MeterBusTM Large, Multiple Hub Network Diagram 1
Figure 21 illustrates only one example of the way these 14 units can be networked together.
22 MeterBusTM Networking
3.4.2 Addressing
To enable devices on the network to communicate with each other, each one must be assigned
a unique MeterBusTM ID. Only 15 devices are allowed on a single network, therefore, the range
of acceptable MeterBusTM IDs is 1 to 15. There are two manners in which you can assign these
addresses: using a TS Meter/TS Remote Meter or by using a PC.
Do this for all the TS controllers on the network, making sure that no two devices have the same
address. Two devices with the same address will cause communications problems on the net-
work and unexpected behavior will result.
All devices on the network, except for the Meter Hub and TS Meters, need to be programmed
individually. Connect to the network devices one by one and use the MSViewTM software to as-
sign IDs that are unique on the network. MSViewTM’s Setup Wizards are an invaluable tool for this
task.
Make sure no two devices have the same ID on the network. Two devices with the same address
will cause communications problems and unexpected behavior will result.
3.4.3 Verification
Use a network Meter (TS-M 2 or TS-RM 2) to view data for each controller/inverter on the net-
work. Make sure that all network devices are accessible through the meter and that aggregate
meter data is an accurate account of the system as a whole.
Local connections are between a PC and device where direct MODBUSTM is used without the
need for IP (Internet Protocol) or cellular networks.
Once connected, please refer to Section 5 on how to make Local Connections in MSViewTM.
24 MODBUSTM Networking
4.2.2 USB / Serial (USB / RS-232)
To connect the serial RS-232 connection on a Morningstar product to a USB port on a PC, a USB
to Serial adapter cable is needed. See Subsection 2.2.8 for a info and a recommendation of a
compatible USB to Serial adapter. Figure 23 below illustrates a proper connection.
Once connected, please refer to Section 5 on how to make Local Connections in MSViewTM.
Once connected, please refer to Section 5 on how to make Local Connections in MSViewTM.
Once connected, please refer to Section 5 on how to make Local Connections in MSViewTM.
26 MODBUSTM Networking
NOTE: A NULL modem cable is used to connect the PC to
the RSC-1 adapter.
Once connected, please refer to Section 5 on how to make Local Connections in MSViewTM.
To communicate properly with each controller, you will need to specify a unique MODBUSTM
address for each unit. To do this, you must connect to each controller individually and use the ap-
propriate MSViewTM setup wizard to assign an address.
Once connected, please refer to Section 5 on how to make Local Connections in MSViewTM.
Remote connections are established between a PC and a device when IP (Internet Protocol) ad-
dressing or cellular networks are used.
IMPORTANT: The connections described in this section require extensive use of 3rd party hard-
ware, as described in Section 2.2. When interfacing 3rd party hardware with Morningstar prod-
ucts using an RS-232 (serial) connection, it is essential that the proper voltage be applied to the
Morningstar unit’s DB-9 pins. Please refer to Section 11.0 Troubleshooting and Misc. (Serial Port
Power with 3rd Party Devices) for detailed information.
In areas where cell phone towers are not yet located, satellite modems can be used in a similar
manner. Satellites in orbit relay the signal, instead of a land-based tower.
Contact your cellular provider for information on plans, pricing, activation, and technical assis-
tance.
28 MODBUSTM Networking
4.3.2 Point-to-Point Wireless Transfer
When a hardwire connection is not feasible, but distances are shorter than would require a cel-
lular connection, point-to-point wireless transfer using radio modems is recommended. Point-to-
point wireless can usually cover a distance between 10 and 25 kilometers, however, range will
vary depending on the model of radio modem and atmospheric/geographical conditions. One
modem is connected to the PC, called the base radio, and the other is connected to the control-
ler, called the field radio. There can be multiple field radios, but the base radio can only communi-
cate with one at a time.
Signal encryption varies, yet it is recommended the most advanced encryption available is used.
Data transmitted over the airwaves is much easier to intercept than data over a wired connection.
Proper encryption will ensure your data is protected.
Once connected, please refer to Section 5 on how to make Local/Remote Connections in MS-
ViewTM.
Once connected, please refer to Section 5 on how to make Remote Connections in MSViewTM.
The converter should come with software making it easy to discover or assign its IP address.
The MSViewTM software needs to know the converter’s IP address in order to make a connection.
Figure 31 below illustrates the proper physical connections.
Once connected, please refer to Section 5 on how to make Remote Connections in MSViewTM.
4.3.3.3 LAN/WAN/Internet
IP addressing allows you to connect to a device over a LAN (local area network), WAN (wide
area network) or from across the globe using the Internet. There are many different physical
configurations allowing for such connections, however, their unifying attribute is the use of IP ad-
dressing.
30 MODBUSTM Networking
In Figure 32, both the PC and the controller have a unique network IP address. The PC can use
the controller’s address to poll it for data. Although they are on the same local network, the con-
nection process is very similar to Figure 33 where the PC and controller are connected through
the Internet.
Controllers that do not have an Ethernet interface can still be connected in this way through the
use of an Ethernet to serial converter and (if necessary) a MeterBusTM Adapter (MSC).
Once connected, please refer to Section 5.0 on how to make Remote Connections in MSViewTM.
The Ethernet label indicates that any Ethernet communication configuration discussed in this
manual is suitable for use with the EIA-485 network.
32 MODBUSTM Networking
Figure 35. Multiple Device Ethernet LAN/WAN/Internet Connection Diagram
5.1 Overview
The MSViewTM software package is used by your PC to update firmware, change custom set-
tings, and view real-time controller data. Configuration wizards make it easy to customize the
features of the device, while an intuitive directory tree organization of variables puts real-time
data at your fingertips.
MSViewTM uses the open-source MODBUSTM protocol described in Subsection 1.1.2. This means
any MODBUSTM capable software is able to access data stored in the controller, however, the
use of MSViewTM for this purpose is highly recommended.
MSViewTM is free and can be downloaded from the Morningstar website (found in the Software
Library on the Tech Support page).
System Requirements
5.2 Installation
5.2.1 CD Installation
To install from the MSViewTM Setup CD, insert the Setup CD in the PC CD-drive. After a few
34 MSView
moments, the MSViewTM software setup wizard should appear. If setup does not begin (or the
autorun CD-drive feature has been disabled), run Setup.exe on the CD drive using Windows
Explorer. Follow the install wizard instructions.
Newer versions of MSViewTM do not require installation. After unzipping the download folder,
double-click on the MSViewTM icon to run the program.
The MSViewTM software is frequently updated. Therefore, specific steps for making device
connections are not outlined in this document. Please refer to the Help File in the MS-
ViewTM program for all the information needed to make device connections.
Connecting via USB requires additional software, usually on a CD that comes with the USB to
serial adapter. If you have this CD, run it and install the driver needed to create a Virtual COM
Port. If you do not have this CD, the driver usually can be downloaded free from the Internet.
Once you have the Virtual COM Port Driver installed, you MAY need to determine which port
number the driver has allocated for USB use. Go into My Computer and click View System Infor-
mation on the left hand side of the window. View the Hardware tab and click on Device Manager.
You should see a tree structure used to view the hardware connected to your PC. The COM port
number allocated by the newly-installed driver can be found by expanding the Ports branch. Usu-
ally, the name of the driver you just installed will be visible with the COM port designation next to
it in parentheses. Note: If the COM port number is greater than 30, plug into a different USB port
and check the number again.
------
5.3.3 Connect
If the connection attempt was successful, there should be a green device icon in the Edgebar of
the MSView workspace. The label will display the connected device’s name and serial number.
The MSViewTM software is frequently updated. Therefore, specific steps for making cre-
ating and populating a new display in the workspace are not outlined in this document.
Please refer to the Help File in the MSViewTM program for all the information needed to cre-
ate and populate data displays.
36 MSView
5.5 Setup Wizards
MSViewTM provides several Setup Wizards designed to make configuring and customizing your
Morningstar product quick and simple. Currently six (6) wizards are available: Relay Driver, Sun-
Saver Duo Setup, SunSaver MPPT Setup, TriStar DIP Switch, TriStar Setup, and TriStar MPPT
Setup. These are accessible through the Tools menu.
• Disabled - disables the channel and allows for input voltages/signals to be read on that
channel.
• Threshold - switches a channel on/off according to a low threshold and a high threshold
defined by the user.
• Alarm/Fault - monitors faults and alarms from a Morningstar Device over the MeterBus
connection and activates the channel when specified alarm(s) or fault(s) occur. (Each
channel can only monitor alarms/faults from one device.)
• GenStart - configure up to three (3) channels to control a generator. Refer to the generator
manual for required signals, timing, and other specifications.
• MeterBus Slave - allows a Morningstar device to control a Relay Driver channel directly.
• MODBUS Slave - allows direct control over a channel via serial connection with a PC or
other MODBUS compatible device.
For more information on the step by step use of this wizard, please refer to the Help Topics in
MSViewTM.
A custom setpoints table is displayed along with several buttons allowing to read/write the set-
Common setpoints are shared between all sets of custom setpoints and will specify charging
priority, temperature compensation, and MeterBusTM/MODBUSTM addresses. DIP switch 3 toggles
between sets of charging priority setpoints.
For more information on specific custom setpoints and their effects, please refer to the Help Top-
ics in MSViewTM.
As you progress through the wizard, you will be able to specify two sets of charge settings: Set-
ting 1 active when the Battery Select Jumper is Inserted and Setting 2 active when it is removed.
Shared charge settings are also defined, along with Load settings. Finally, MeterBusTM/MOD-
BUSTM addresses and LED transition threshold voltages can be set.
For an in-depth description of charge settings, load settings, and transition voltages, please refer
to the Help Topics in MSViewTM.
38 MSView
NOTE: Disconnect power from the controller before
changing any DIP switches; failure to do so will cause a
fault.
Depending in which mode the TriStar will be used, the wizard will allow the user to set appropri-
ate settings for that mode. Each mode (Charge, Load, Lighting, Diversion) are programmed into
the controller separately. Solar Charging Control will permit PWM, temperature compensation,
HVD (high voltage disconnect), equalization, LED transition, and address settings to be modi-
fied. Load Control allows LVD (low voltage disconnect), HVD, and LED transition settings to be
specified. Diversion Control enables PWM, HVD, Float, Equalize, LED transition and addressing
modification. Finally, Lighting Control permits load timing, dusk/dawn detection, LVD/HVD, and
LED transition adjustments.
More information on individual controller settings are found in the Help Topics of the MSViewTM
software.
Progressing through the wizard, the user specifies absorption, float and equalize charging set-
points, along with appropriate temperature compensation. The TriStar MPPT has an internal
logging feature which is configured next. The user may choose which system variables are to be
logged internally to the MPPT unit. Communication settings are then defined for both basic RS-
232 serial use and for Ethernet connectivity. Finally, the wizard allows you to configure the unit’s
four available notifications (see Section 8.0).
Device Settings
SunSaver Duo Switch 4 ON (up)
SunSaverMPPT Switches 4 ON (up)
TriStar* Switches 4, 5 & 6 ON (up)
TriStarMPPT* Switches 4, 5 & 6 ON (up)
SureSine Switch 4 ON (up)
*MeterBus and MODBUSTM addresses will ALWAYS be updated, regardless of DIP switch set-
tings. (i.e. if custom settings are specified in MSView and are uploaded to the controller without
switches 4,5,6 ON, only the MeterBusTM and MODBUSTM addresses will be updated and not
custom charge settings)
40 MSView
6.0 MSLoad
6.1 Overview
Periodically, Morningstar will release firmware updates to their charge controllers. These updates
will fix minor operational bugs, adjust operating parameters for better battery charging, or add ad-
ditional features. Firmware updates are free and posted, as they become available, on the Morn-
ingstar website at www.morningstarcorp.com.
The program used to update your controller’s firmware is called MSLoadTM. Updates are done ei-
ther through the RJ-11 MeterBus port (MSC adapter required for non-Meter products) or RS-232
serial port of the controller/inverter.
- Connect the controller’s RS-232 serial port to the serial port of your computer (or USB port if us-
ing a USB to serial adapter).
- Extract the MSLoadTM .zip file and run the program.
- Browse for the firmware file you saved on your desktop.
- Specify the communications port to which the controller is connected. (If using a USB to serial
adapter, please refer to the USB portion of Section 5.3.)
MSLoad 41
IMPORTANT: Some controllers (like the TSMPPT) contain
! two microprocessors. These units will need a firmware
update for each processor. Such update files will be
designated ‘A’ and ‘B’.
The preceding steps assume the Morningstar unit has an on-board RS-232 connection. The next
section describes how to update the firmware of a unit without an on-board DB-9 (RS-232) port.
Some products have an RJ-11 port but cannot be firmware updated directly. An example is the
TriStar Meter 2 (TS-M-2). Updates to the TS-M-2 are done through use of a TriStar or TriStar
MPPT.
The RS-232 port used to update TS or TSMPPT firmware is the same used to update the TS-M-2
firmware. The Meter is connected to the TS/TSMPPT via an RJ-11 MeterBusTM cable and the TS
unit is used as a bridge to upload the new software to the Meter accessory.
For both situations, the firmware upgrade procedure is the same as outlined in the previous Sec-
tion 6.2.
Please refer to the Tech Support page on the Morningstar website if you have difficulty upgrading
your controller’s firmware.
42 MSLoad
7.0 Website Hosting via HTTP
7.1 Overview
Morningstar controllers with Ethernet connectivity will serve a basic collection of webpages en-
abling the user to:
To access the unit’s served webpage from a computer on the network, open an internet browser
(such as Internet Explorer or Firefox) and enter the factory default IP address of the product.
(For example, the TriStar MPPT has a factory default IP address of 192.168.1.253.) Note: Your
browser must be equipped with the JAVA applet plug-in in order to access Webview. Some
browsers may not support this plug-in.
These served webpages are not customizable in layout or data displayed and only one control-
ler’s data can be viewed per page. However, there is a means by which custom webpages can
be designed to display data from any number of separate controllers.
Multiple controllers can be monitored on the same webpage by calling multiple JAVA applets.
To access the controller remotely, the router to which the unit is connected must be configured for
port forwarding. Port forwarding commands the router to direct all incoming internet traffic on a
certain port to a computer or other device on your private network. In this case, we want to direct
all incoming requests on port 502 to the Morningstar controller.
There are many different router models, so we cannot provide specific direction in this document
for configuring port forwarding. However, the website:
http://www.portforward.com
8.1 Overview
Ethernet equipped Morningstar products provide alerts via E-mail, SMS (text message), or SNMP
trap. Notifications can be enabled for the following conditions:
Such alerts can be configured via the controller’s network settings web page or in the MSViewTM
software. A maximum of four separate e-mail/SMS/SNMP alerts can be configured per device.
E-mail alerts can be configured from the controller/inverter network settings webpage or MS-
ViewTM. You will be prompted to enter the outgoing SMTP server address and username/pass-
word. Note: Most forms of webmail (Google, Yahoo, etc) are not supported as the outgoing
SMTP server. Enter the recipient’s e-mail address and proceed through the steps to set your
specific alerts.
Please refer to the specific Ethernet equipped Morningstar product manual for detailed informa-
tion on how to configure these alerts.
In the recipient’s e-mail address field, you will need to enter the cell phone @ the cell phone
carrier’s SMS Gateway (i.e. [email protected]). Essentially you will be sending an e-mail
to the recipient’s cell phone provider. The provider will then translate the e-mail into SMS format
and deliver it to the recipient’s cell phone as a text message.
Contact the cell phone provider or perform an internet search (several websites exist listing these
SMS Gateways) to determine the proper gateway address.
Please refer to the specific Ethernet equipped Morningstar product manual for detailed informa-
tion on how to configure these alerts.
As with e-mail and SMS alerts, the Ethernet equipped controller may have traps triggered by
conditions of other MODBUSTM enabled units on the network (EIA-485).
9.1 Overview
Data logging is used to gather system relevant data and store it for later retrieval. Several Morn-
ingstar products will perform basic data logging to onboard memory. Please refer to specific prod-
uct documentation for information on the internal logging performed by these units.
For more advanced logging, (i.e. specifying what data values to be logged, and at what interval)
the use of either MSViewTM, a custom designed MODBUSTM application, or a 3rd party data ac-
quisition service is necessary.
9.2 MSViewTM
The MSViewTM software has the capability of performing high-resolution data logging for any
number of variables available in the system. Logging intervals are custom defined by the user
and can be specified down to a minimum of one second (meaning data is collected at a maxi-
mum rate of once per second).
While logging, MSViewTM continuously saves the log file in .csv (comma separated values) for-
mat. This very common format is compatible with nearly all spreadsheet and database programs.
If you are using a controller with the capability of logging to onboard memory, MSViewTM will ex-
tract this data from the controller every time you establish a connection to it.
Morningstar products capable of communications with a 3rd party device have corresponding
MODBUSTM specifications posted on the Morningstar website. These specifications will provide a
brief overview of the protocol, the functions supported, and data register locations for the model
you are using.
Data Logging 47
9.4 Data Acquisition Service
Some companies provide data collection services for your renewable energy system. All the in-
terfacing, programming, and setup are done by the service provider. Usually, the service provider
collects data and displays it on a secure website to be accessed at the customer’s convenience.
Data can often be converted to a graphical format, making it easier to understand for customers
without a technical background.
Because the service provider handles all the communication, connections and technical issues,
this means of data collection can be both professional and cost effective. Contact a data service
provider for more information.
48 Data Logging
10.0 Network Security
General
Morningstar controllers/inverters do not contain any built-in security features or protections. The
user is responsible for security through network configuration and settings. There will be no login
or password required to communicate with the controller/inverter. If your system has internet ac-
cess, use of a firewall is highly recommended to prevent unauthorized users from accessing the
controller.
Basic Security
If your Morningstar product will be connected to the internet, it is highly advised that it is pro-
tected behind the firewall of another device, such as a router. LinksysTM brand routers are a cost
effective way to provide a moderate amount of internet security (if configured properly).
Ethernet equipped Morningstar products will have an Ethernet Security DIP switch setting to al-
low/disable write commands to the unit’s internal memory. (i.e. TSMPPT - DIP Switch #8) This a
safety feature to prevent unintended changes to custom settings, but it is not a replacement for
proper network security. Never connect units to an open or unprotected network.
High-Security Applications
Applications with tighter security needs will require more advanced routers or other equipment.
Wireless applications are an example; wireless transmission is much easier to intercept than is
wired transmission. To reduce the risks of sending sensitive information wirelessly, data encryp-
tion in conjunction with a firewall should be used.
Network Security 49
Figure 36. Digi TransPort Cellular Modem Family
For wireless cellular connections, the Digi TransPort Cellular Modem famiily provides enhanced
security features for enterprise-class applications. (Shown above.)
50 Network Security
11.0 Troubleshooting & Misc.
Basic Serial Communication Problems
If you are having problems communicating with a Morningstar product while using a serial to se-
rial (or serial to RJ-11) connection:
• Make sure the device is powered with a battery or power supply. The device cannot com-
municate without power.
• Verify that the serial cable is not a Null Modem or crossover cable.
• Verify that no other programs or managers are attempting to use the same serial port.
• Check to make sure your COM port settings are correct. (Section 5.3.3)
• If using the controller’s Ethernet connection as well, remove the Ethernet cable.
• Check the serial cable for continuity using a multimeter. The cable should have continuity
from Pin1<->Pin1, Pin2<->Pin2, etc. If possible, try another cable.
• Shut down and restart PC. Try to reconnect.
• Try another PC.
When choosing equipment that will connect via RS-232 to your Morningstar unit, you should
know what port power is needed. Figure 37 is a basic pin diagram of a Morningstar DB-9 port:
Modifications can be made to your equipment (or RS-232 cable, but this is usually more difficult)
so that the correct power is delivered to the Morningstar unit. Internally wiring several pins is
usually all that is needed, but there is some equipment that does not provide negative (-) power
at all, on any pin. These products cannot be modified to communicate with Morningstar units via
RS-232.
There have been reports that some USB to Serial adapters do not work with Morningstar prod-
ucts. This is most often because the adapter output voltage is below the RS-232 electrical speci-
fication. If the adapter does not output a high enough voltage, there is little the user can do to
remedy the situation aside from purchasing a new adapter with the proper output voltage levels.
The Tripp Lite U209-000-R adapter described in Subsection 2.2.8 has been verified to work
with all Morningstar products.
Also, the number of USB devices connected to your PC may have an effect on communication
with your Morningstar controller/inverter. More USB devices connected to your PC, especially
through a USB hub, the greater the likelihood of timing problems on the bus. Because the MOD-
BUSTM protocol used to communicate between a PC and controller/inverter is very timing-depen-
dent, timing problems can cripple communication capabilities. Unplug some of your other USB
devices and attempt a connection again.
Several devices can be used to increase these lengths. Active boosting USB cables, Ethernet
switches and RS-232 line boosters can extend the length of their respective communication lines.
LED OFF: Refer to Table 2 for a list of devices which will supply power.
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*If using the MGateTM with a TSMPPT, no adjustment to the device is necessary.
These changes are most easily made by removing the cover of the MOXATM device and soldering
the pins of the serial port directly. Another way to achieve the same effect is to make a custom
serial cable which introduces the proper connections between the devices.
Using a straight-through serial cable to connect the MOXATM MGateTM to the non-TSMPPT unit,
the wiring should be as follows:
• Controllers with EIA-485 bridging capability will bridge all MODBUS TCPTM communica-
tions arriving from the Ethernet port to the EIA-485 network.
• Bridging must be enabled for the controller to send out e-mail, SMS, or SNMP traps trig-
gered by the state of a device elsewhere on the network.
• With bridging enabled, the DB-9 RS-232 connection on the controller cannot be used.
EIA-485 and RS-232 ports share the same internal hardware and communication errors
will result.
Please visit our Tech Notes page on www.morningstarcorp.com for regularly updated trouble-
shooting tips and tricks.
This Appendix covers the steps required to connect your ethernet-enabled TriStar MPPT con-
troller to your home network. Instructions are also included to configure your network router to
allow remote access to your TriStar MPPT via the internet. For users that only need to access the
TriStar MPPT from within their home network, the Remote Access steps are not required. Only
set up remote access if you would like to view system performance on a computer or other net-
work device outside of your home network via the internet.
Getting Started
The TriStar MPPT was designed for easy setup on your home or business network through
DHCP. DHCP is a service that automatically assigns a network configuration to a computer or de-
vice that appears on your network. The vast majority of residential and business network routers
support DHCP and the service is usually turned on by default. Since DHCP is enabled by default
in the TriStar MPPT, the network settings will be automatically assigned when connected.
In figure 1 above, the arrow points to the DHCP information. If your computer has DHCP en-
abled, then your network supports DHCP. Proceed to Step 1 in this section to connect your
TriStar MPPT controller to your network. If DHCP is disabled, you will need to configure the
TriStar MPPT with the correct network settings before proceeding. Follow the steps in Appendix
A: Manual Network Configuration.
If your computer has DHCP enabled, then your network supports DHCP. Proceed to Step 1 in
this section to connect your TriStar MPPT controller to your network. If DHCP is disabled, you will
need to configure the TriStar MPPT with the correct network settings before proceeding. Follow
the steps in Appendix A: Manual Network Configuration.
What happens if my local network does not have DHCP enabled, but I connect the
TriStar MPPT anyway?
The TriStar MPPT will search for a period of time for a valid DHCP server. If no server is found,
the TriStar MPPT will default to the network settings listed in Appendix B.
The default network settings may or may not be compatible with your network. Because your net-
work does not support DHCP, the TriStar MPPT could not obtain a network configuration. You will
need to verify if the default settings are compatible with your network and modify them if neces-
sary. Follow the steps in Appendix A: Manual Network Configuration.
Step 1
Connect the TriStar MPPT to your network using an Ethernet cable. The unit must be powered
Step 2
Next, connect to the controller using a computer on the network.
Microsoft PC
1. Open a web browser
2. In the internet address bar type the following:
http://tsmpptXXXXXXXX/test.html
where “XXXXXXXX” is the 8-digit serial number of the controller. The serial number can be
found on the label on the side of the unit. This address is the controller’s NETBIOS name,
which is a permanent address that always points to the controller on the network.
3. A test page should load with links to the Live View and Network Setup pages.
4. Click the Live View link to view real time operting information.
5. You may want to bookmark the page for future reference.
NOTE:
These steps may work for some Apple Mac and Linux operating systems that support NETBIOS.
Final Notes
Congratulations! At this point the controller is successfully connected to your network. Follow-
ing are a few notes about routinely connecting to your TriStar MPPT on your home or business
network.
• You can now connect to the TriStar MPPT using a web browser, MSView, or any other
software that supports the TriStar MPPT.
• Windows PC computers can always access the TriStar MPPT using its NETBIOS name
(tsmpptXXXXXXXX).
• Apple Mac computers may not support the use of NETBIOS names. You will have to use
the discovery tool to find the controller on the network.
• The IP address assigned by DHCP may change periodically and is not a reliable way to
connect to your controller. However, if you manually assigned network settings then the IP
address will never change.
• MSView can connect to the TriStar MPPT using the IP address or NETBIOS name. We
recommend using the NETBIOS name since it never changes. If you save the workspace,
its better to use the NETBIOS name so that MSView always reconnects properly.
• At this point, the TriStar MPPT cannot be accessed outside of your home or business
network. See Section III: Configure Remote Access for details on how to connect to the
TriStar MPPT from remote locations.
NOTE:
Before proceeding, make sure the TriStar MPPT is correctly configured and connected to your home/
business network per the directions in Section II.
NOTE:
Because there are many different types and manufacturers of network routers, the exact steps required
cannot be fully documented here. However, details are provided on where to get further information.
CAUTION:
! All incoming requests addressed to controllers and devices that are connected (bridged) to the EIA-485
port on the TriStar MPPT will be passed both READ and WRITE modbus requests without exception.
Setting switch #8 on the TriStar MPPT only prevents WRITE requests to the local controller. For this
reason, we do not recommend enabling remote access to systems with bridged EIA-485 networks unless
extra network security measures are implemented.
Is this secure?
The vast majority of viruses, malware, scripts, etc are designed to exploit security flaws in ma-
jor operating systems and their software. Malicious attackers wishing to do harm will only have
access to the TriStar MPPT. The TriStar does not have an operating system or web browser to
exploit. It only accepts and responds to properly structured MODBUS TCP requests. If setting
switch #8 is in the OFF position, the controller will only allow requests to read information and will
not allow requests to write data. While anything is possible, it is unlikely that this configuration
poses a significant security risk.
It is also worth noting that the networking and charge controller functions of the TriStar MPPT
are separate and executed by two (2) separate processors. If the network processor crashes for
any reason, the charge controller functionality will continue unaffected.
Most network routers have a web interface for configuration. This interface is usually protected
by password. If your router was supplied by your ISP (Cable, DSL, satellite company), they can
provide you with the login/password needed to access the router configuration. If you purchased
and installed your own router, the factory default password should be provided in the router docu-
mentation.
a. Open the web browser that contains the router settings from Step 2
b. Find the DHCP range (dynamic IP range) under the DHCP settings. It may look something
like this:
Dynamic IP Range
Range Start : 192 . 168 . 1 . 100
Range End : 192 . 168 . 1 . 149
c. Pick an IP that lies outside of this range. For the example range above, 192.168.1.50 would
be a good choice
d. Browse back to the network settings page in the TriStar MPPT live view
e. In the Settings section, change the selection from “Obtain IP address from DHCP server” to
“Use Static IP address”
f. In the IP Address fields, enter the IP chosen in step c.
g. Fill out the rest of the network settings with the info obtained in Step 1. (essentially, copy the
info from the Current Settings section on the same page)
h. Click the “Save” button to use the new settings
Addtionally, you may also want to forward port 80 to the TriStar MPPT. This will allow you to view
the TriStar Web View pages from any computer on the internet. This is not required however.
There are many different router models so we cannot provide specific directions in this document
for configuring port forwarding. However, the website:
http://www.portforward.com
To enable remote access to your TriStar MPPT using MSView or other 3rd party software
IP: Static IP assigned to the controller in Step 3f
port: 502 (some routers ask for a range of ports, in this case specify 502 to 502)
protocol: TCP
If you want to view TriStar Live View webpages from any computer on the internet, the fol-
lowing additional port must also be forwarded in addition to port 502.
IP: Static IP assigned to the controller in Step 3f
port: 80 (some routers ask for a range of ports, in this case specify 80 to 80)
protocol: TCP
Many ISPs allocate dynamic IP addresses to their customers. In plain English this means that the
public address that uniquely identifies your home/business router on the internet changes. This is
equivalent to having your mailing address change randomly. The postal service can’t deliver your
mail if they don’t know your address!
Your ISP can tell you if you have a static IP or dynamic IP. If you have a static IP, your address
never changes and you can skip this section - go straight to Section IV - Testing Your Connec-
tion. If you have a dynamic IP you’ll need a reliable way to find your router’s address so that you
can always contact your TriStar MPPT controller.
The solution is to use Dynamic DNS Service (DDNS). DDNS maps a static internet address to
your home network’s dynamic IP. A client must be installed on a computer in your network which
will automatically update the DDNS when your router’s public IP has changed.
NOTE:
Many modern routers now support DDNS which eliminates the need to run a client on your home
computer. If your router supports DDNS, it can be configured to automatically update the DDNS servers
whenever the IP address changes. Check your router’s documentation or check the approved vendors
list at http://www.dyndns.com.
Figure 2 above illustrates how DDNS works. Dynamic DNS servers are notified by a computer on Jack’s pri-
vate network whenever the router IP changes. The address: JacksHouse.dyndns.org points to the DDNS serv-
ers which in turn forward the request to the latest IP address of Jack’s Private Network.
Be sure to set the Ethernet Security settings switch (switch #8) to Disable Writes if the Ethernet
network is accessible via the internet.
For products such as the Relay Driver that have a serial port, an EIA-485 adapter (model:RSC-1)
can be used to connect to the EIA-485 bus as shown in figure 3 below. Products that do not
have a serial port require an additional Meterbus adapter (model: MSC) to convert the RJ-11
interface to serial.
TriStar-MPPT-60
Relay Driver
RSC-1
Router
Serial Cable
Ethernet SunSaver-MPPT-15L
Cable RSC-1 MSC
The EIA-485 bridging feature must be enabled in the network settings of the TriStar MPPT 60
controller as follows:
a. Open the TriStar Live View webpage
b. Click the “Network” link at the top
c. Under the “Settings” section, check the box for the “Bridge Ethernet MODBUS requests to
EIA-485 network” option.
d. Click the “Save” button
NOTE:
The RSC-1 EIA-485 adapter requires power from the battery or DC-DC converter to power the bus. The
RSC-1 can be powered directly from a 12V system battery. For 24 or 48V systems, a DC-DC power
converter is required.
CAUTION:
! All incoming requests addressed to controllers and devices that are connected (bridged) to the EIA-485
port on the TriStar MPPT will be passed both READ and WRITE modbus requests without exception.
Setting switch #8 on the TriStar MPPT only prevents WRITE requests to the local controller. For this
reason, we do not recommend enabling internet access to systems with bridged EIA-485 networks
unless extra network security measures are implemented.
For networks that do not support DHCP, the TriStar MPPT must be configured manually. Follow these
steps to manually configure the network settings for the TriStar MPPT.
e. Pick an IP that lies outside of this range. For the example range above, 192.168.1.50 would
be a good choice
f. Browse to the network settings page in the TriStar MPPT live view
g. In the Settings section, change the selection from “Obtain IP address from DHCP server” to
“Use Static IP address”
h. In the IP Address fields, enter the IP chosen in step c.
i. Fill out the rest of the network settings with the info obtained in the introductory notes in Sec-
tion II.
Port Assignments
Port 80: HTTP Server
Port 502: MODBUS via TCP/IP
Port 161: SNMP Agent Port
Network Settings
Static IP address: 192.168.1.253
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway: 192.168.1.1.
Primary DNS 192.168.1.1
Secondary DNS 0.0.0.0
SNMP MIB file TSMPPT.mib can be downloaded from the HTTP Server’s root directory. A link is also provid-
ed on the Network settings page.