Aops Community 2013 China Team Selection Test
Aops Community 2013 China Team Selection Test
Aops Community 2013 China Team Selection Test
1 The quadrilateral ABCD is inscribed in circle ω. F is the intersection point of AC and BD. BA
and CD meet at E. Let the projection of F on AB and CD be G and H, respectively. Let M
and N be the midpoints of BC and EF , respectively. If the circumcircle of 4M N G only meets
segment BF at P , and the circumcircle of 4M N H only meets segment CF at Q, prove that
P Q is parallel to BC.
√
For the positive integer n, define f (n) = min 2 − n .
m
Let {ni } be a strictly increasing se-
2
m∈Z
C
quence of positive integers. C is a constant such that f (ni ) < for all i ∈ {1, 2, . . .}. Show
n2i
that there exists a real number q > 1 such that ni > q i−1 for all i ∈ {1, 2, . . .}.
3 There aren balls numbered 1, 2, · · · , n, respectively. They are painted with 4 colours, red, yellow,
blue, and green, according to the following rules:
First, randomly line them on a circle.
Then let any three clockwise consecutive balls numbered i, j, k, in order.
1) If i > j > k, then the ball j is painted in red;
2) If i < j < k, then the ball j is painted in yellow;
3) If i < j, k < j, then the ball j is painted in blue;
4) If i > j, k > j, then the ball j is painted in green.
And now each permutation of the balls determine a painting method.
We call two painting methods distinct, if there exists a ball, which is painted with two different
colours in that two methods.
Find out the number of all distinct painting methods.
1 Let n and k be two integers which are greater than 1. Let a1 , a2 , . . . , an , c1 , c2 , . . . , cm be non-
negative real numbers such that
i) a1 ≥ a2 ≥ . . . ≥ an and a1 + a2 + . . . + an = 1;
ii) For any integer m ∈ {1, 2, . . . , n}, we have that c1 + c2 + . . . + cm ≤ mk .
Find the maximum of c1 ak1 + c2 ak2 + . . . + cn akn .
2 Let P be a given point inside the triangle ABC. Suppose L, M, N are the midpoints of BC, CA, AB
respectively and
P L : P M : P N = BC : CA : AB.
The extensions of AP, BP, CP meet the circumcircle of ABC at D, E, F respectively. Prove
that the circumcentres of AP F, AP E, BP F, BP D, CP D, CP E are concyclic.
3 Find all positive real numbers r < 1 such that there exists a set S with the given properties:
i) For any real number t, exactly one of t, t + r and t + 1 belongs to S;
ii) For any real number t, exactly one of t, t − r and t − 1 belongs to S.
2 Prove that: there exists a positive constant K, and an integer series {an }, satisfying: (1) 0 <
a1 < a2 < · · · < an < · · · ; (2) For any positive integer n, an < 1.01n K; (3) For any finite number
of distinct terms in {an }, their sum is not a perfect square.
3 Let A be a set consisting of 6 points in the plane. denoted n(A) as the number of the unit
circles which meet at least three points of A. Find the maximum of n(A)
1 For a positive integer N > 1 with unique factorization N = pα1 1 pα2 2 · · · pαk k , we define
Ω(N ) = α1 + α2 + · · · + αk .
Let a1 , a2 , . . . , an be positive integers and p(x) = (x + a1 )(x + a2 ) · · · (x + an ) such that for all
positive integers k, Ω(P (k)) is even. Show that n is an even number.
3 Let
Pk n > 1 be an integer and let a0 , a1 , . . . , an be non-negative real numbers. Definite Sk =
i=0 i ai for k = 0, 1, . . . , n. Prove that
k
n−1 n
!2
1X 2 1 X 4
Sk − 2 Sk ≤ (Sn − S0 )2 .
n n 45
k=0 k=0
3 101 people, sitting at a round table in any order, had 1, 2, ..., 101 cards, respectively.
A transfer is someone give one card to one of the two people adjacent to him.
Find the smallest positive integer k such that there always can through no more than k times
transfer, each person hold cards of the same number, regardless of the sitting order.
1 Let p be a prime number and a, k be positive integers such that pa < k < 2pa . Prove that there
exists a positive integer n such that
3 A point (x, y) is a lattice point if x, y ∈ Z. Let E = {(x, y) : x, y ∈ Z}. In the coordinate plane,
P and Q are both sets of points in and on the boundary of a convex polygon with vertices on
lattice points. Let T = P ∩ Q. Prove that if T 6= ∅ and T ∩ E = ∅, then T is a non-degenerate
convex quadrilateral region.