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    Pathophysiology of Leptospirosis and Dengue Fever

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    Kenneth Lagman
    1. Leptospirosis is a zoonotic bacterial disease spread through contact with infected animal urine or tissues. It has a 6 to 15 day incubation period and symptoms include fever, chills, headache, and abdominal pain. 2. Dengue virus is spread through the bites of infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. It has an incubation period of 3 to 14 days and causes fever, rash, and thrombocytopenia. 3. Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a potentially lethal complication of dengue infection characterized by bleeding, low platelets and plasma leakage that can lead to shock.

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    Pathophysiology of Leptospirosis and Dengue Fever

    Uploaded by

    Kenneth Lagman
    4K views5 pages
    1. Leptospirosis is a zoonotic bacterial disease spread through contact with infected animal urine or tissues. It has a 6 to 15 day incubation period and symptoms include fever, chills, headache, and abdominal pain. 2. Dengue virus is spread through the bites of infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. It has an incubation period of 3 to 14 days and causes fever, rash, and thrombocytopenia. 3. Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a potentially lethal complication of dengue infection characterized by bleeding, low platelets and plasma leakage that can lead to shock.

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    pathophysiology of leptospirosis and dengue fever

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    1. Leptospirosis is a zoonotic bacterial disease spread through contact with infected animal urine or tissues. It has a 6 to 15 day incubation period and symptoms include fever, chills, headache, and abdominal pain. 2. Dengue virus is spread through the bites of infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. It has an incubation period of 3 to 14 days and causes fever, rash, and thrombocytopenia. 3. Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a potentially lethal complication of dengue infection characterized by bleeding, low platelets and plasma leakage that can lead to shock.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    4K views5 pages

    Pathophysiology of Leptospirosis and Dengue Fever

    Uploaded by

    Kenneth Lagman
    1. Leptospirosis is a zoonotic bacterial disease spread through contact with infected animal urine or tissues. It has a 6 to 15 day incubation period and symptoms include fever, chills, headache, and abdominal pain. 2. Dengue virus is spread through the bites of infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. It has an incubation period of 3 to 14 days and causes fever, rash, and thrombocytopenia. 3. Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a potentially lethal complication of dengue infection characterized by bleeding, low platelets and plasma leakage that can lead to shock.

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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    Predisposing

    Factor: History taking (history of


    exposure)
    Dirty environment, age,
    seasons, males,
    Cattle, swire and
    other livestock Rodents, wild animals
    Dog

    Infected urine or carcasses

    Ingestion of contaminated food Entry through eyes, nose and


    and water Man broken skin

    Incubates for 6
    Asymptomatic to 15 days

    Profileration and widespread dissemination

    Kidney and Liver Organ systems are


    Functions Test

    Septic stage:
    Immune or Toxic stage:
    Febrile lasting for 4 to 7days, Convalescence:
    chills, head ache, anorexia, Can be with or without jaundice last for 4 to 30
    Relapse may occur
    abdominal pain days, iritis, headache, meningeal manifestations,
    during 4th o 5th week
    oliguria and anuria with progressive renal failure,
    shock, coma, CHF in severe cases.
    CSF and urine
    culture,
    Agglutination test
    Blood
    Culture

    Death

    Leptospirosis

    Complications:

    Pneumonia

    Optic Neuritis

    Peripheral neuritis
    Predisposing Factors: Precipitating Factors:

    Geographical area Environmental Conditions


    (topical islands) Soldier
    Sweaty skin

    Aedes Aegypti

    Redness and itchiness in


    Bite from mosquito (portal of the area

    Allowing dengue virus to be


    inoculated towards the
    circulation (IP: 3-14)

    Virus disseminated rapidly into blood and


    Dengue Test stimulates WBCs including B Lymphocytes Hematology:
    that produces and secretes WBC
    immunoglobulins and monocytes/ Lymphocytes
    macrophages and neutrophils.

    Antibodies attach to the viral antigens and


    then monocytes/ macrophages will perform
    Hematology:
    phagocytosis through Fc receptor (FcR) with
    Monocytes
    in the cells of macrophages/ monocytes.
    Neutrophils
    Recognition of dengue viral antigen on
    Entry to the Liver Entry to the Spleen
    infected monocytes by cytotoxic T-cells

    Complications:
    Dengue Fever Epistaxis, menorrhagia
    Fever, Flushed warm GI bleeding
    skin, headache, malaise,
    chills, anorexia and
    vomiting

    Cellular direct destruction and infection of


    Activation of
    the Red Bone Marrow, Precursor cells as
    killikrein kinin
    Virus ultimately targets well as immunological shortened platelets
    system
    liver and spleen survival causing platelets lyses.
    parenchymal cells

    Increase vascular Tourniquet test


    Abdominal Thrombocytopenia
    HepatoSpleenomegaly permeability (+)
    Pain

    Red sclera in both Hematology:


    Leakage of Hematocrit
    Ultrasound: eyes Platelet count
    plasma
    Petechiae
    Minimal
    Hepatospleenomegaly
    Hemoconcentration
    Hypovolemia Rapid weak pulse,
    narrowing of pulse
    Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
    pressure and
    hypotension
    Shock

    Dengue Shock
    Complications: Syndrome
    Bite of uninfected
    Metabolic Acidosis
    Aegis aegypti (portal
    Hyperkalemia
    of exit)
    Tissue anoxia
    Myocarditis
    Death
    Hemorrhage into
    CNS

    Increasing restlessness,
    apprehension or anxiety,
    Dengue
    disturbed sensorium, Encephalopathy
    convulsions, spasticity and
    hyporeflexia

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