Recuperación de Inglés
Recuperación de Inglés
Recuperación de Inglés
EXAMPLES
John Cabot sailed to America in 1498.
My father died last year.
He lived in Fiji in 1976.
We crossed the Channel yesterday.
You always use the simple past when you say when something happened, so it is associated
with certain past time expressions
Note: the word ago is a useful way of expressing the distance into the past. It is
placed after the period of time: a week ago, three years ago, a minute ago.
Be Careful: The simple past in English may look like a tense in your own language, but the
meaning may be different.
Affirmative
Subject + verb + ed
I skipped.
Negative
Interrogative
Interrogative negative
TO WALK
Be Have
I was had
We were had
The interrogative form of "have" in the simple past normally uses the auxiliary "do".
EXAMPLES
They weren't in Rio last summer.
We didn't have any money.
We didn't have time to visit the Eiffel Tower.
We didn't do our exercises this morning.
Were they in Iceland last January?
Did you have a bicycle when you were young?
Did you do much climbing in Switzerland?
Note: For the negative and interrogative form of all verbs in the simple past, always use the
auxiliary 'did''.
TO GO
TO GIVE
TO COME
SIMPLE PAST
FUNCIONES DEL "SIMPLE PAST"
El "simple past" se utiliza para hablar de una acción que concluyó en un tiempo anterior al
actual. La duración no es relevante. El tiempo en que se sitúa la acción puede ser el pasado
reciente o un pasado lejano.
EJEMPLOS
John Cabot sailed to America in 1498.
My father died last year.
He lived in Fiji in 1976.
We crossed the Channel yesterday.
Siempre se utiliza el "simple past" para referirse a cuándo ocurrió algo, de modo que va
asociado a ciertas expresiones temporales que indican:
frecuencia: often, sometimes, always
I sometimes walked home at lunchtime.
I often brought my lunch to school.
un tiempo determinado: last week, when I was a child, yesterday, six weeks ago
We saw a good film last week.
Yesterday, I arrived in Geneva.
She finished her work atseven o'clock
I went to the theatre last night
un tiempo indeterminado: the other day, ages ago, a long time ago People lived in
caves a long time ago.
She played the piano when she was a child.
Cuidado: el "simple past" del inglés puede parecerse a un tiempo verbal de tu propio idioma y,
sin embargo, su significado puede ser distinto.
Afirmativa
Sujeto + raíz + ed
I skipped.
Negativa
Interrogativa
Interrogativa negativa
Did not + sujeto + infinitivo sin to
TO WALK
Sujeto Verbo
Be Have
I was had
We were had
Sujeto Verbo
NEGATIVA E INTERROGATIVA
Para las formas negativa e interrogativa del "simple past" del verbo "do" como verbo ordinario,
se emplea como auxiliar "do", e.g. We didn't do our homework last night.
La forma negativa del verbo "have" en "simple past" suele construirse utilizando el auxiliar "do",
aunque en ocasiones solo se añade not o la contracción "n't".
EJEMPLOS
They weren't in Rio last summer.
We didn't have any money.
We didn't have time to visit the Eiffel Tower.
We didn't do our exercises this morning.
Were they in Iceland last January?
Did you have a bicycle when you were young?
Did you do much climbing in Switzerland?
Nota: para construir las formas negativa e interrogativa de todos los verbos en "simple past",
se utiliza siempre el auxiliar 'did''.
TO GO
TO GIVE
TO COME
SIMPLE PRESENT
EL "SIMPLE PRESENT" SE UTILIZA:
Para expresar hábitos y rutinas, hechos generales, acciones repetidas o situaciones,
emociones y deseos permanentes:
I smoke (hábito); I work in London (permanencia); London is a large city (hecho
general)
Para dar instrucciones o indicaciones:
You walk for two hundred meters, then you turn left.
Para hablar de eventos programados, presentes o futuros:
Your exam starts at 09.00.
Para referirse al futuro, detrás de algunas conjunciones: after, when, before, as soon
as, until:
He'll give it to you when you come next Saturday.
¡Cuidado! El "simple present" no se utiliza para hablar de lo que está ocurriendo en este
momento.
EJEMPLOS
Hábitos y rutinas
He drinks tea at breakfast.
She only eats fish.
They watch television regularly.
Eventos y acciones repetidos
We catch the bus every morning.
It rains every afternoon in the hot season.
They drive to Monaco every summer.
Hechos generales
Water freezes at zero degrees.
The Earth revolves around the Sun.
Her mother is Peruvian.
Instrucciones o indicaciones
Open the packet and pour the contents into hot water.
You take the No.6 bus to Watney and then the No.10 to Bedford.
Eventos programados
His mother arrives tomorrow.
Our holiday starts on the 26th March
Construcciones de futuro
She'll see you before she leaves.
We'll give it to her when she arrives.
The Simple Past Tense, often just called the Past Tense, is easy to use in English.
If you already know how to use the Present Tense, then the Past Tense will be easy.
In general, the Past Tense is used to talk about something that started and finished at a
definite time in the past.
This is totally different from other languages such as Spanish, French, Italian etc. where
you change the verb ending for every subject.
I wanted
You wanted
He wanted
She wanted
It wanted
We wanted
They wanted
So you just have to learn one word to be able to use it in the past tense. In this case we just
needed to learn the one word wanted which can be used for all subjects (or people).
play – played
cook – cooked
rain – rained
wait – waited
There are some exceptions with a slight change in spelling which you can see here:
Spelling of words ending in ED.
Note: There are three different ways of pronouncing the –ed at the end of a verb in the past
tense.
We recommend reading our guide about the pronunciation of –ED at the end of words.
The main verb (live in the example above) is in its base form (of the infinitive). The
auxiliary DIDN'T shows that the sentence is negative AND in the past tense.
NOTICE: The only difference between a negative sentence in the present tense and a
negative sentence in the past tense is the change in the auxiliary verb.
The main verb (live in the example above) is in its base form (of the infinitive). The
auxiliary DID shows that the question is in the past tense.
NOTICE: The only difference between a question in the present tense and a question in the
past tense is the change in the auxiliary verb.
Both Do and Does in present tense questions become Didn't in past tense questions.
We can also use a question word (Who, What, Why etc.) before DID to ask for more
information.
The word went is used for all subjects – I, you, we, they, he, she, it.
BUT, as we mentioned before, it is only in its irregular form (went) in sentences that are
affirmative/positive.
You ate my cake.
You didn't eat my cake.
Did you eat my cake?
Comidas
Aquí tienes las palabras en inglés para diferentes clases de comida.
Carne
bacon bacón
chicken pollo
duck pato
ham jamón
kidneys riñones
lamb cordero
liver hígado
paté paté
salami salami
sausages salchichas
pork cerdo
turkey pavo
veal ternera
Fruta
apple manzana
apricot albaricoque
banana plátano
blackberry zarzamora
blueberry arándano
cherry cereza
coconut coco
fig higo
grape uva
grapefruit pomelo
lemon limón
lime lima
mango mango
melon melón
orange naranja
peach melocotón
pear pera
pineapple piña
plum ciruela
pomegranate granada
raspberry frambuesa
rhubarb ruibarbo
strawberry fresa
Pescado
anchovy anchoa
cod bacalao
haddock abadejo
herring arenque
mackerel caballa
pilchard sardina
plaice platija
salmon salmón
sardine sardina
sole lenguado
trout trucha
tuna atún
Vegetales
artichoke alcachofa
asparagus espárrago
aubergine berenjena
avocado aguacate
beetroot remolacha
broccoli brócoli
cabbage repollo
carrot zanahoria
cauliflower coliflor
celery apio
courgette calabacín
cucumber pepino
garlic ajo
ginger jengibre
leek puerro
lettuce lechuga
mushroom champiñones
onion cebolla
peas guisantes
pepper pimiento
pumpkin calabaza
radish rábano
rocket arúgula
swede nabicol
turnip nabo
spinach espinaca
squash calabacín
soup sopa
Vocabulario en inglés
Página 33 de 65
Productos lácteos
butter mantequilla
cream crema
cheese queso
margarine margarina
milk leche
yoghurt yogur
cake pastel
quiche quiche
cornflour maizena
sugar azúcar
prunes pasas
dates dátiles
raisins pasas
honey miel
jam mermelada
marmalade mermelada
muesli muesli
toast tostada
Otra comida
noodles fideos
pasta pasta
pizza pizza
rice arroz
spaghetti espagueti
Condimentos y salsas
ketchup ketchup
mayonnaise mayonesa
mustard mostaza
pepper pimiento
salt sal
vinaigrette vinagreta
vinegar vinagre
Refrigerios
biscuits galletas
chocolate chocolate
nuts avellanas
peanuts cacahuete
sweets dulces
walnuts nueces
Hierbas
basil albahaca
chives cebollino
coriander cilantro
dill eneldo
parsley perejil
rosemary romero
sage salvia
thyme tomillo
Especias
cinnamon canela
cumin comino
paprika paprika
saffron azafrán
organic orgánico
Empaquetado de la comida
artichoke [C]
asparagus [U]
aubergine [C] and [U] - (called eggplant in United States)
beet [C] - (called beetroot in British English)
beetroot [C] and [U] - (called beet in United States)
bell pepper * [C] - (Just called pepper in British English or with its color beforehand
just as red pepper or green pepper. In Australia and New Zealand it is known
as capsicum)
broccoli [U] - (broccoli is an uncountable noun so there is no plural of broccoli)
Brussels sprout [C]
cabbage [C] and [U]
carrot [C]
cauliflower [C] and [U]
celery [U]
corn ** [U]
courgette * [C] - (called zucchini in United States)
cucumber * [C] and [U]
eggplant * [C] and [U] - (called aubergine in British English)
green bean * [C] - (sometimes called French bean in the UK)
green onion [C] - (called spring onion in the British English)
leek [C]
lettuce [C] and [U]
mushroom *** [C]
onion [C] and [U]
pea [C]
pepper [C] - (called bell pepper in British English. In Australia and New Zealand it
is known as capsicum)
potato [C] and [U] - (the plural of potato is potatoes - potato is sometimes
uncountable as in mashed potato)
pumpkin * [C] and [U]
radish [C] - (the plural of radish is radishes)
spring onion [C] - (called green onion or scallion in United States)
squash * [C] and [U]
sweet potato [C] - (kumara in New Zealand)
tomato * [C] - (the plural of tomato is tomatoes)
zucchini * [C] - (called courgette in British English)
She is going
I am going
Affirmative
He is going to j
Negative
He is not going to j
Interrogative
Is he going to j
Negative Interrogative
Isn't he going to j
FUNCTION
The use of going to refer to future events suggests a very strong association with the present.
The time is not important, it is later than now, but the attitude is that the event depends on
something in the present situation that we know about. Going is mainly used to refer to our
plans and intentions or to make predictions based on present evidence. In everyday
speech, going to is often shortened to gonna, especially in American English, but it is never
written that way.
EXAMPLES
Is Freddy going to buy a new car soon?
Are John and Pam going to visit Milan when they are in Italy?
I think Nigel and Mary are going to have a party next week.
We are going to have dinner together tomorrow.
Aren't you going to stay at the library until your report is finished?
EXAMPLES
He's going to be a brilliant politician.
I'm going to have a hard time falling asleep.
You're going to be sorry you said that.
Is it going to rain this afternoon?
Aren't they going to come to the party?
She is going
I am going
Afirmativa
He is going to j
Negativa
He is not going to j
Interrogativa
Is he going to j
Interrogativa negativa
Isn't he going to j
FUNCIÓN
El uso de "going to" para referirse a eventos futuros sugiere un vínculo muy sólido con el
presente. El momento preciso no es relevante, es posterior al ahora, pero la actitud implica que
dicho evento depende de algo que sabemos sobre la situación actual. "Going to" se emplea
sobre todo para hablar de nuestros planes e intenciones, o para realizar predicciones basadas
en evidencias actuales. En el discurso cotidiano, "going to" suele acortarse como "gonna",
especialmente en inglés americano, aunque nunca se escribe así.
EJEMPLOS
He's going to be a brilliant politician.
I'm going to have a hard time falling asleep.
You're going to be sorry you said that.
Is it going to rain this afternoon?
Aren't they going to come to the party?
I am going to leave for Asia next month.
Voy a partir a Asia el mes que viene.
We are going to watch a movie on TV tonight.
Vamos a ver una película en la televisión a la noche.
The company is going to raise its prices next summer.
La compañía va a subir los precios el próximo mes.
Mrs. Black is going to teach pottery next year.
La Sra. Black va a enseñar alfarería el año que viene.
I am going to go to the grocery store tomorrow morning.
Voy a ir al almacén mañana por la mañana.
Paul is not going to solve the problem before the end of the year.
Paul no va a resolver el problema antes de fin de año.
We are not going to run the marathon next June.
No vamos a correr la maratón el próximo junio.
Are you going to read Paul Auster’s latest novel?
¿Vas a leer la última novela de Paul Auster?
The floor is full of dry leaves. Are you going to sweep it?
El piso está lleno de hojas secas. ¿Lo vas a barrer?
Drinks
beer
coffee
fruit juice
hot chocolate
milk
milkshake
soft drink, soda
tea
water
wine
248 words
Frida Kahlo
Finding Recognition
After her recovery, Frida Kahlo started hanging out with a group of Mexican artists who
introduced her to well-known Mexican muralist, Diego Rivera. Rivera immediately
recognized her talent and encouraged her to continue painting. In August of 1929, Rivera
and Frida Kahlo got married, but their relationship, was a little messed up - they both had
a lot of affairs. Frida was romantically linked with tons of movie stars, artists, and politicians
from all over the world.
The Artist
Peeps from all over the world loved Kahlo and her art. During her life she had three
exhibitions - one in New York in 1938, one in Paris in 1939, and finally one in Mexico City in
1953. But by that time, Frida Kahlo's old injuries were catching up to her. She was so
unwell she had to attend her Mexican exhibition on a stretcher. Frida Kahlo and her
husband divorced in 1939 but they reunited in less than a year.
The Legacy
Frida Kahlo soon suffered another blow; Her right leg had to be amputated below the
knee due to a gangrene infection. On July 13, 1954, at the age of 47, Frida Kahlo died. At
the time, no one ever officially declared the cause of death but officials suspected it was
suicide. The last entry in Kahlo's diary read, "I hope the leaving is joyful and I hope never to
return."
Irregular Verbs
Regular Verbs
Word Translation
accept aceptar
add añadir
allow permitir
answer responder
appear aparecer
arrive llegar
ask preguntar
avoid evitar
ban prohibir
belong pertenecer
book reservar
breathe respirar
call llamar
clean limpiar
close cerrar
compare comparar
consider considerar
cure curar
dance bailar
decide decidir
depend depender
describe describir
discover descubrir
dream soñar
enjoy disfrutar
enter entrar
explain explicar
fear temer
follow seguir
guess adivinar
heat calentar
imagine imaginar
improve mejorar
inform informar
invite invitar
join juntar, unir
jump saltar
kill matar
kiss besar
laugh reír
learn aprender
lie mentir
like gustar
listen to escuchar
live vivir
look mirar
mix mezclar
need necesitar
obtain obtener
offer ofrecer
open abrir
own poseer
paint pintar
park aparcar
phone llamar
pick recoger
play jugar
point señalar
possess poseer
practice practicar
prefer preferir
prepare preparar
promise prometer
protect proteger
receive recibir
reject rechazar
relax relajarse
remember recordar
repeat repetir
rescue rescatar
return volver
share compartir
smell oler
smile sonreír
spell deletrear
start empezar
stop parar
touch tocar
travel viajar
trust confiar
try intentar
use usar
visit visitar
wait esperar
water regar
wonder preguntarse
work trabajar
worry preocuparse