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    The Astronomical Almanac's Algorithm For Approximate Solar Position (1950 - 2050)

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    Irtza Arain
    This document provides the source code for a program that calculates solar position given inputs of year, day, time, latitude, and longitude. The program outputs the solar azimuth, elevation, hour angle, declination, and air mass. It uses approximations from The Astronomical Almanac to calculate the solar position. The user can request calculations for additional times on the same or following days.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    The Astronomical Almanac's Algorithm For Approximate Solar Position (1950 - 2050)

    Uploaded by

    Irtza Arain
    93 views16 pages
    This document provides the source code for a program that calculates solar position given inputs of year, day, time, latitude, and longitude. The program outputs the solar azimuth, elevation, hour angle, declination, and air mass. It uses approximations from The Astronomical Almanac to calculate the solar position. The user can request calculations for additional times on the same or following days.

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    Original Title

    asunpos.pdf

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    This document provides the source code for a program that calculates solar position given inputs of year, day, time, latitude, and longitude. The program outputs the solar azimuth, elevation, hour angle, declination, and air mass. It uses approximations from The Astronomical Almanac to calculate the solar position. The user can request calculations for additional times on the same or following days.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    93 views16 pages

    The Astronomical Almanac's Algorithm For Approximate Solar Position (1950 - 2050)

    Uploaded by

    Irtza Arain
    This document provides the source code for a program that calculates solar position given inputs of year, day, time, latitude, and longitude. The program outputs the solar azimuth, elevation, hour angle, declination, and air mass. It uses approximations from The Astronomical Almanac to calculate the solar position. The user can request calculations for additional times on the same or following days.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 16

    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

    net/publication/222131147

    The Astronomical Almanac's algorithm for approximate solar position (1950–


    2050)

    Article  in  Solar Energy · December 1988


    DOI: 10.1016/0038-092X(88)90045-X

    CITATIONS READS
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    1 author:

    Joseph Michalsky
    University of Colorado Boulder
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    c this program calculates the solar position given the year,
    day,
    c time, latitude, and longitude
    c
    c it outputs solar azimuth, elevation, hour angle,
    declination, and
    c air mass
    c
    c
    program sunpos
    real lat,long, mn
    write(6,'(3x,"This program calculates sun position if you
    # specify time and location!")')
    write(6,'(/)')
    write(6,'(3x,"Type the latitude like this sxx.xx where s
    is a
    # sign!")')
    read(5,'(f8.4)')lat
    write(6,'(f8.4)')lat
    write(6,'(3x,"Type the longitude like this sxxx.xx!")')
    read(5,'(f9.4)')long
    write(6,'(f9.4)')long
    write(6,'(3x,"Type the year like this xxxx.!")')
    read(5,'(f5.0)')year
    write(6,'(f5.0)')year
    write(6,'(3x,"Indicate time zone,e.g., est=+5,mst=+7,etc.
    (The
    # sign is important)!")')
    read(5,'(i3)')itz
    write(6,'(i3)')itz
    tz=float(itz)
    60 write(6,'(3x,"Type the day of year(Feb 1=32) like this
    xxx.!")')
    read(5,'(f4.0)')day
    write(6,'(f4.0)')day
    50 write(6,'(3x,"Type the local standard time(not daylight
    savings
    # time) like this xx.xx.xx., e.g., 12.15.47.!")')
    read(5,'(3f3.0)')hour, mn,sec
    write(6,'(3f3.0)')hour, mn,sec
    tm=((tz+hour)*3600+ mn*60+sec)/3600.
    call sunae(year,day,tm,lat,long,az,el,ha,dec,soldst)
    write(6,'(//)')
    write(6,'("The solar azimuth and elevation are")')
    write(6,100)az,el
    100 format(3x,f9.4,3x,f8.4,/)
    write(6,'("The solar hour angle and declination are")')
    write(6,100)ha,dec
    am=armass(el)
    write(6,'("The air mass is")')
    write(6,200)am
    200 format(3x,f6.2)
    write(6,'("The solar distance is")')
    write(6,250)soldst
    250 format(3x,f7.4)
    write(6,'(//)')
    write(6,'("If you want another time same day, type 9!")')
    read(5,'(i1)')i
    if(i.eq.9)go to 50
    write(6,'("If you want another day, type 99!")')
    read(5,'(i2)')i
    if(i.eq.99)go to 60
    end
    c---------------------------------------------------------------
    ------+
    c
    |
    c subroutine sunae(year,day,hour,lat,long,az,el,ha,dec,soldst)
    |
    c
    |
    c this subroutine calculates the local azimuth and elevation
    of the |
    c sun at a specific location and time using an approximation
    to |
    c equations used to generate tables in The Astronomical
    Almanac. |
    c refraction correction is added so sun position is apparent
    one. |
    c
    |
    c The Astronomical Almanac, U.S. Gov't Printing Office,
    Washington, |
    c D.C. (1985).
    |
    c
    |
    c input parameters
    |
    c year=year, e.g., 1986
    |
    c day=day of year, e.g., feb 1=32
    |
    c hour=hours plus fraction in UT, e.g., 8:30 am eastern
    daylight |
    c time is equal to 8.5 + 5(5 hours west of Greenwich)
    -1(for |
    c daylight savings time correction)
    |
    c lat=latitude in degrees (north is positive)
    |
    c long=longitude in degrees (east is positive)
    |
    c
    |
    c output parameters
    |
    c a=sun azimuth angle (measured east from north, 0 to 360
    degs) |
    c e=sun elevation angle (degs)
    |
    c plus others, but note the units indicated before return
    |
    c
    |
    c---------------------------------------------------------------
    ------+
    c
    subroutine
    sunae(year,day,hour,lat,long,az,el,ha,dec,soldst)
    c work with real variables and define some constants, including
    c one to change between degs and radians
    implicit real (a-z)
    data twopi,pi,rad/6.2831853,3.1415927,.017453293/
    c
    c get the current julian date (actually add 2,400,000 for jd)
    delta=year-1949.
    leap=aint(delta/4.)
    jd=32916.5+delta*365.+leap+day+hour/24.
    c 1st no. is mid. 0 jan 1949 minus 2.4e6; leap=leap days since
    1949
    c the last yr of century is not leap yr unless divisible by 400
    if(amod(year,100.).eq.0.0.and.amod(year,400.).ne.
    0.0)jd=jd-1.
    c
    c calculate ecliptic coordinates
    time=jd-51545.0
    c 51545.0 + 2.4e6 = noon 1 jan 2000
    c
    c force mean longitude between 0 and 360 degs
    mnlong=280.460+.9856474*time
    mnlong=mod(mnlong,360.)
    if(mnlong.lt.0.)mnlong=mnlong+360.
    c
    c mean anomaly in radians between 0 and 2*pi
    mnanom=357.528+.9856003*time
    mnanom=mod(mnanom,360.)
    if(mnanom.lt.0.)mnanom=mnanom+360.
    mnanom=mnanom*rad
    c
    c compute the ecliptic longitude and obliquity of ecliptic in
    radians
    eclong=mnlong+1.915*sin(mnanom)+.020*sin(2.*mnanom)
    eclong=mod(eclong,360.)
    if(eclong.lt.0.)eclong=eclong+360.
    oblqec=23.439-.0000004*time
    eclong=eclong*rad
    oblqec=oblqec*rad
    c
    c calculate right ascension and declination
    num=cos(oblqec)*sin(eclong)
    den=cos(eclong)
    ra=atan(num/den)
    c force ra between 0 and 2*pi
    if(den.lt.0)then
    ra=ra+pi
    elseif(num.lt.0)then
    ra=ra+twopi
    endif
    c
    c dec in radians
    dec=asin(sin(oblqec)*sin(eclong))
    c
    c calculate Greenwich mean sidereal time in hours
    gmst=6.697375+.0657098242*time+hour
    c hour not changed to sidereal time since 'time' includes
    c the fractional day
    gmst=mod(gmst,24.)
    if(gmst.lt.0.)gmst=gmst+24.
    c
    c calculate local mean sidereal time in radians
    lmst=gmst+long/15.
    lmst=mod(lmst,24.)
    if(lmst.lt.0.)lmst=lmst+24.
    lmst=lmst*15.*rad
    c
    c calculate hour angle in radians between -pi and pi
    ha=lmst-ra
    if(ha.lt.-pi)ha=ha+twopi
    if(ha.gt.pi)ha=ha-twopi
    c
    c change latitude to radians
    lat=lat*rad
    c
    c calculate azimuth and elevation
    el=asin(sin(dec)*sin(lat)+cos(dec)*cos(lat)*cos(ha))
    az=asin(-cos(dec)*sin(ha)/cos(el))
    c
    c this puts azimuth between 0 and 2*pi radians
    if(sin(dec)-sin(el)*sin(lat).ge.0.)then
    if(sin(az).lt.0.)az=az+twopi
    else
    az=pi-az
    endif
    c
    c calculate refraction correction for US stan. atmosphere
    c need to have el in degs before calculating correction
    el=el/rad
    c
    if(el.ge.19.225) then
    refrac=.00452*3.51823/tan(el*rad)
    else if (el.gt.-.766.and.el.lt.19.225) then
    refrac=3.51823*(.1594+.0196*el+.00002*el**2)/
    1 (1.+.505*el+.0845*el**2)
    else if (el.le.-.766) then
    refrac=0.0
    end if
    c
    c note that 3.51823=1013.25 mb/288 C
    el=el+refrac
    c elevation in degs
    c
    c calculate distance to sun in A.U. & diameter in degs
    soldst=1.00014-.01671*cos(mnanom)-.00014*cos(2.*mnanom)
    soldia=.5332/soldst
    c
    c convert az and lat to degs before returning
    az=az/rad
    lat=lat/rad
    ha=ha/rad
    dec=dec/rad
    c mnlong in degs, gmst in hours, jd in days if 2.4e6 added;
    c mnanom,eclong,oblqec,ra,and lmst in radians
    return
    end
    c
    c
    c this function calculates air mass using kasten's
    c approximation to bemporad's tables
    c
    c
    function armass(el)
    z=(90.-el)*3.141592654/180.
    armass=1./(cos(z)+.50572*(6.07995+el)**-1.6364)
    return
    end

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