DD Palmer Chronology PDF
DD Palmer Chronology PDF
DD Palmer Chronology PDF
1874 (Spr): DD purchases plant (Lumm's Everbearer raspberry), 1877 (Jul 26): DD notes trip to New York to sell honey (Gielow,
begins nursery business: "Sweet Home" raspberry (Gielow, 1981, p. 17)
1981, p. 20)
1876: DD marries his housekeeper, Mrs. Lavinia McGee, a year
1874 (Oct 7): DD marries second wife, Louvenia Landers, in after she arrives in New Boston; they soon move to What
Mercer County, license #3523 by Justice of the Peace Phillip Cheer IA (Palmer, 1967, p. 4)
D. Riggs (Gielow, 1981, p. 27)
PHOTOGRAPH
"Dr. Jas. R. Drain visits D.D. Palmer's neighbors in his old home town of What Cheer, Iowa - Where he is still remembered as a man among
men" (Drain, 1949, p. 691); see also "A store Building formerly used by D.D. Palmer as a store and residence in What Cheer, Iowa" (Drain,
1949, p. 692)
________________________________________________________________________________________
1878: DD's daughter May is born in What Cheer IA (Rehm, 1881: TJ, living in What Cheer IA, purchases 100 raspberry
1980, p. 271) plants from DD (Gielow, 1981, p. 24)
1878-79: DD's brother TJ publishes the Greenfield (Iowa) 1881 (Apr 14): DD notes bees have all died of freezing
Greenback Patriot (Gielow, 1981, p. 30) temperatures (Gielow, 1981, p. 17)
1879: DD's brother TJ publishes the Muscatine Patriot (Gielow, 1881 (Dec 31): DD sells his 10 acres to John Glancy for $1,000
1981, p. 30) (Gielow, 1981, p. 27)
1880-86: DD's brother TJ publishes the What Cheer Patriot 1882 (Sept 14): BJ Palmer is born in What Cheer (Rehm, 1980,
(Gielow, 1981, p. 30) p. 271; Gielow, 1981, p. 32)
1880: DD's daughter Jessie is born in What Cheer IA (Rehm, 1884 (Nov 20): DD's wife Louvenia dies in Letts IA, where DD
1980, p. 271) was teaching school (Gielow, 1981, p. 32)
1880: US Census for New Boston IL lists D.D. Palmer as “Bee 1885: DD's wife, LaVinia, dies (Rehm, 1980, p. 271)
Cul’st -- Honey for sale”; gives his nativity as “Canada West”
and that he arrived (in New Boston?) in 1870; info courtesty of 1885 (May 5): DD marries Martha Henning (according to letter
New Boston Museum (Zdrazil & Brown, 1997) from Glenda Wiese MA, 1/24/92)
1880: Census lists Minora Paxson as school teacher in Will 1885: DD operates "mercantile store" (Rehm, 1980, p. 271)
County IL (Zarbuck, 1997)
1885: DD begins career as magnetic healer in Burlington, then
1880 (Dec 15): DD publishes ad for his "Sweet Home" raspberry Davenport IA on 4th floor of Ryan building at corner of
in Aledo Weekly Record and notes many other fruits and Second and Brady Streets (Rehm, 1980, p. 271; Palmer,
berries for sale (Gielow, 1981, p. 20, 23 1967, p.5)
D.D. Palmer's Lifeline Joseph C. Keating, Jr., Ph.D. 4
1886: DD corrects BJ (Palmer, 1910, p. 159): 1888 (Jan 15): DD Palmer "located in Davenport, Jan. 15, 1888.
“Do you realize that The Palmer School of Chiropractic has been He rented three rooms in the Ryan Block" (The Chiropractor,
doing business in Davenport for 23 years?” December, 1904)
Let me see; D.D. Palmer began practice in Davenport as a
magnetic in 1886. He was then 41 years of age and B.J. was 4 years 1888 (Jan 15): (Important Announcement. The Chiropractor
old. 1905 [May]; 1[6]:1):
The first Chiropractic adjustment was given in 1895 when D.D. D.D. Palmer, the founder of the Chiropractic science, came to
Palmer was 50 years of age and B.J. was 13 years old. Davenport January 15, 1888. He rented three rooms in the Ryan
A.P. Davis was my second graduate in Chiropractic in 1898. block. In a few months he added two more. It was not long before
During the next five years we had one, two or three students at a he was using eight rooms. In 1892, his business had so increased
time, often none. If we fix the date of the Palmer School of that he had use for eighteen rooms. These were on the second and
Chiropractic at the time we had our first student, Wm. A. Seeley, third floor. He exchanged these for twenty on the front half of the
January, 1898, it would make the existence of The P.S.C. just 11 fourth floor. Business continued to increase until he occupied the
years instead of 23. enitre floor of forty rooms, making over seventeen years in the same
building.
1886-1895: DD says (Palmer, 1910, pp. 17-8): -but see Palmer (1910, p. 159) for different date of start of
I was a magnetic healer for nine years previous to discovering practice in Davenport (i.e., 1886)
the principles which comprise the method know as chiropractic.
During this period much of that which was necessary to complete 1888 (Jun 31): DD publishes advertorial full of anecdotes
the science was worked out. I had discovered that many diseases (Gielow, 1981, p. 45)
were associated with derangements of the stomach, kidneys and
other organs... 1888 (Nov 6): DD marries Villa Amanda Thomas of Rock Island
One question was always uppermost in my mind in my search IL at 310-12th St, Rock Island IL by Rev. H.C. Leland (Gielow,
for the cause of disease. I desired to know why one person was 1981, p. 51)
ailing and his associate, eating at the same table, working in the
same shop, at the same bench, was not Why? What difference was
1889 (June): DD orders publication of brochure "The Sick Get
there in the two persons that caused one to have pneumonia, catarrh,
Well by Magnetism" (Gielow, 1981, p. 52)
typhoid or rheumatism, while his partner, similarly situated,
escaped? Why? This question had worried thousands for centuries
and was answered in September, 1895. 1890: Census lists Miss Minora Paxson at 1325 Jefferson St,
Harvey Lillard... Lockport IL (Zarbuck, 1997)
1886 (Sept 3): According to DD's journal, he begins career as 1890-91: Stone’s Davenport City Directory (p. 589):
magnetic healer (Gielow, 1981, p. 43, 105) Magnetic Healers.
PALMER DANIEL D. rooms 7, 12 and 13, Ryan blk
1886 (Oct 9): DD purchases Vital Magnetism, the Life Fountain
by ED Babbit DM of New York (Gielow, 1981, p. 53) 1891-92: Stone’s Davenport City Directory (p. 22):
Ryan Block, Davenport, Iowa
Office Hours From 1:00 to 6:00 PM.
1886 (Oct 13): DD's brother Bart writes DD a letter of advice
Consultation Free
(Gielow, 1981, p. 43)
Dr. Palmer can cure with his Magnetic Hands
Diseases of the Head, Throat, Heart, Lungs, Stomach, Liver, Spleen,
1887 (Jan 1): "D.D. Palmer....located in Burlington, Iowa, Jan. 1, Kidneys, Nerves, and Muscles, ten times quicker than any one can
1887" (The Chiropractor, December, 1904) with medicines.
_______________________________
1887: DD's practice listed in Davenport City Directory (Gielow, Was treated in August 1888
1981, p. 44) Quincy, Ill., Jan. 5th, 1891
Dr. D.D. Palmer, Davenport, Iowa.
1887-98: DD's cash intake grows from $700 to $9,276 annually Dear Sir:- I am pleased to say that my wife whom you treated,
(Gielow, 1981, p. 59) over two years ago, for rheumatism in her back has had no return of
it since. For many years we tried medicines and several physicians
1888-89: Stone’s Davenport City Directory (p. 15): without any benefit and had given up all hopes until after your seven
DR. PALMER treatments over two years ago. Since that time she has had the best
Magnetic Healer of health and often speaks of your treatments as bein gthe only
CURES DISEASES WITHOUT MEDICINE remedy that ever did her any good.
Rooms 7, 11, 12 and 13, Ryan Block, Yours most respectfully,
DAVENPORT, IOWA H.N. Stone
H.N. Stone & Co., Publishers of Directory
1888: DD rents Rooms 7, 11-13 in the Ryan Block, Corner of Send 25 cents fo “The Educator” for one year.
Second and Brady Streets, Davenport IA (Gielow, 1981, p. It gives hundreds of cures and also his methods of healing the sick.
48)
1892: according to Important Announcement. The Chiropractor
1905 [May]; 1[6]:1), DD Palmer's
...business had so increased that he had use for eighteen rooms.
These were on the second and third floor. He exchanged these for
D.D. Palmer's Lifeline Joseph C. Keating, Jr., Ph.D. 5
twenty on the front half of the fourth floor. Business continued to appeared for the defense and Messrs. J.M. Richardson, W.M.
increase until he occupied the enitre floor of forty rooms, making chamberlain and S.W. Searle for the plaintiff. The case was hotly
over seventeen years in the same building. contested all the way through and was tried before a jury composed
of Messrs. William Young, G.C. bowen, John Taylor, John Oleland,
1892-93: Stone’s Davenport City Directory (p. 617): Thomas Thornton and W.H. Whisler. Dr. Palmer and Mr. Otis
Magnetic Healers. Thomas were the only witnesses for the plaintiff, while the defense
PALMER DANIEL D. room 10 fourth fl., Ryan blk produced eight, including two physicans. The examination of
witnesses and arguments took from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. when the case
1892 (May 10): AT Still receives charter for the American School of went to the jury, who after being out for about an hour and a half,
Osteopathy (ASO) in Kirksville MO (Booth, 1924, p. 79) brought in a verdict for the plaintiff and assessed his damages at
$20, the balance of the contract. Mr. McEniry and the witnesses for
the defense tried to show that Mr. Wiltamuth ought not to pay the
1893 (March): first class graduates from Still's ASO; among the balance of the debt, but they could not get around the fact that a
graduates are AP Davis MD (homeopathic?) and AG Hildreth contract had been made and that the doctor had fulfilled his part of
(Booth, 1924, p. 81) it. It has been a complicated case and the rulings of Justice Wivill
were very acceptable to both parties.
1894 (May 13): Davenport Leader (Gielow, 1981, pp. 64-5) prints: -the Moline Dispatch reported (Gielow, 1981, p. 67):
DR. PALMER ...The defense...asserted that the doctor was a quack, having no
A crank on magnetism, has a crazy notion that he can cure the diploma from any medical college and no license to practice in this
sick and crippled by his magnetic hands. His victims are the weak- state, consequently it was a misdemeanor for him to do business on
minded, ignorant and superstitious, those foolish people who hav this side of the river.
been sick for years and have become tired of the regular physician Dr. Palmer claimed that his profession had nothing to do with
and want health by a short-cut method. While many of our educated medicine, that he healed by the laying on of hands; that he had made
medical profession are idle the above knave has all he can do. Six arrangements with the defendant for a course of treatment at $2 per
years ago he commenced business in the Ryan block in three rooms. treatment; that he had fulfilled his part of the contract and was
He has certainly profited by the ignorance of his victims, for his entitled to his pay. He also said that he had a diploma from no
business has increased so that he now uses forty-two rooms which earthly schooll but from High Heaven. Considerable curiosity was
are finely furnished, heated by steam and lighted by forty electric manifested as to the diploma but it was not produced for
lights. His laundry work and cooking are done by electricity, and inspection...
the knowing ones say that his cures are also made by it. He exerts a
wonderful magnetic power over his patients, making many of them 1894: DD meets Rev. Samuel Weed (Gielow, 1981, p. 129);
believe they are well. His increase in business shows what can be
done in Davenport even by a quack.
1895: DD meets Rev. Samuel Weed after curing Weed's
-letter to the editor (Gielow, 1981, p. 65), date unknown:
daughter's sprained ankle (Palmer, 1967, p. 17); but see
...An ex-coal digger does business near my office and he seeks cases
Gielow (1981, p. 129)
by offering to bet at satisfactory odds that he can cure cases, but
nobody disturbs him, for he gets only the superstitious and ignorant.
People who believe in spooks and other forms of occult things are 1895: according to DD (Palmer, 1908, p. 14):
taken in by such moutebanks, but what of it? Many people are In 1895, when 50 years of age, B.J., was then thirteen years of
taken in by the various gold-brick devices modified to suit the cases, age, his question was answered by chance. Harvey Lillard gave him
and it is just as well. I am losing no sleep because foolish people try the cue which opened a new field for research. Mr. Lillard was
to get wealth by short-cut methods. When my profession makes restored to hearing by two adjustments, a dorsal vertebrae was
itself competent to give honest and good value for reasonable replaced in its normal position. Like Newton, when he saw the
compensation, we have done our duty, and the rest of the world can apple fall, it set him to thinking, only that thousands had seen
buy experience at market value if they choose... apples fall, while D.d. Palmer had never seen or heard of a
J.A. DeArmand, M.D. (sic) vertebrae being displaced or replaced. If he had been acquainted
Davenport, Ia. with the teachings of anatomy, as written and taught by the medical
world, he would not have dared to attempt to do that which was thot
very dangerous and an impossibility. In this instance, ignorance
1895 (June 7): Gielow (1981, p. 66) reports:
may have been a blessing. D.D. Palmer followed up th hint and
ANNUAL MEETING
developed his discovery into a well defined non-therapeutical
OF THE SCOTT COUNTY MEDICAL DOCTOR’S SOCIETY
science, and devised the art of adjusting vertebrae, which has no
JUNE 7, 1895
resemblance whatever to any system or method which treat effects
Drs. Hageboeck, De Armand and Kulp were appointed a
named disease...
committee to investigate and report upon what constitutes the legal
authority for the practice of medicine in this state.
1895 (Sept): Chiropractic is "discovered" by D.D. Palmer (The
Chiropractor, 1904, p. ii)
c1895: according to Gielow (1981, pp. 66-7), local newspapers
reporte a suit brought by DD Palmer “not so much for the
collection of a bill as it was to establish Palmer’s right to 1895 (Sept 18): "On September 18, 1895, Harvey Lillard called
practice in Moline without a physician’s certificate”; following a upon Dr. Palmer" (The Chiropractor, 1904, p. 11)
second trial, the Rock Island Union reported :
The Palmer-Wiltamuth Case. PHOTOGRAPH
The somewhat celebrated case of Dr. Palmer against N.
Wiltamuth came up before Judge Wivill on Wednesday for a new
trial, the jury being unable to agree on the first one. Both parties
were determined and started in for business. Mr. William McEniry
D.D. Palmer's Lifeline Joseph C. Keating, Jr., Ph.D. 6
Iowa, in September, 1895.' After Mrs. Weed quit taking
adjustment, I went to you late in the spring of 1896, and sometime
that spring or summer we fixed the name. Of course the practice
would begin as opportunity offered right after the discovery, but
would not be immediately proclaimed and made general -
substituted entirely for Magnetic treatment. Now doctor, I know
that you have records by which the dates of these things are made
certain, will you please post me....
1897-98: "Dr. D. Palmer, Magnetic Healing" is listed as a member of the 1901 (Mar 7): California law to license osteopaths goes into
faculty of the "Independent Medical College" Announcement for 1897-98 effect (Booth, 1924, p. 120); continues until 5/1/07, when a
(Cramp, 1921, pp. 777-8); the College was located in composite board (MDs & DOs) is created (Booth, 1924, p.
Chicago; Cramp also writes about Dr. Edward N. Flint of 564)
Chicago (Cramp, 1921, pp. 360, 368-75)
1902: Solon M. Langworthy DC receives a diploma from the
1898: A.P. Davis MD and William A. Seeley MD are ?first two? American College of Manual Therapeutics in Kansas City MO
graduates of DD (Rehm, 1980, p. 271) (Zarbuck, 1988c)
1898: DD says (Palmer, 1910, p. 159): 1902: Osteopaths become license eligible in Iowa (Zarbuck,
A.P. Davis was my second graduate in Chiropractic in 1898. 1988c)
During the next five years we had one, two or three students at a
time, often none. If we fix the date of the Palmer School of 1902: After graduation, BJ practices in Lake City IA, but not in
Chiropractic at the time we had our first student, Wm. A. Seeley, Davenport (Zarbuck, 1988c)
January, 1898...
1902: DD publishes The Chiropractic (No. 29), which includes:
1898 (Oct 18): DD claims that "AP Davis was his first student" -concept of “chiropractic manipulator” (p. 3); compare with
on this date (Palmer, 1909d, pp. 25) “magnetic manipulator” in January, 1897 issue
1898 (Mar 18): California College of Osteopathy (CCO ) of San 1902 (Jan): During the first week in January AP Davis attends
Francisco is incorporated by AH Potter DO and JA Parker DO; DD lecture in Davenport (Zarbuck, 1988c)
CCO first operates at the Parrott Bldg, Market Street, SF, then
moves to 603 Sutter St, later at 1368 Geary St (Booth, 1924, 1902 (Jan 6): BJ and three others graduate from Palmer
p. 89); CCO publishes the California Osteopath from 1898-1900 (Gielow, 1981, p. 96)
(Booth, 1924, p. 288)
1902 (Jan 19): Langworthy writes to BJ to indicate he is
1898 (June 28-29): first meeting of the Associated Colleges of teaching "chiropractic and osteopathy", proposes partnership
Osteopathy at ASO in Kirksville MO includes George F Burton with DD, BJ, Oakley Smith and others (Zarbuck, 1988c)
DO of the PSO; pass resolution that all schools should charge
minimum tuition of $500, but in 1899 ASO reduces tuition to 1902 (Apr): BJ meets with Langworthy to discuss partnership
$300 and "Most of the other schools followed the example set proposal, returns to DD with some of Langworthy's books on
by the parent school, and the tuition has remained about the "Nature Cure" (Zarbuck, 1988c)
same ever since (Booth, 1924, p. 275)
1902 (May): BJ takes over the Palmer school, while DD locates
1899: Oakley Smith graduates from Palmer (Zarbuck, 1987) to Pasadena CA (Lerner, undated; Zarbuck & Hayes, 1990)
1900: HH Reiring (Palmer student) of Chicago sues DD for 1902 (May 4): DD writes to BJ: "I have not use for those books
misrepresentation of schooling (Gielow, 1981, p. 96) on 'nature cure'"; DD rejects nature cure as mixing (Zarbuck,
1988c)
1901 (Jan 10): DD adjusts Solon Massey Langworthy's wife for
insanity on Jan 10, 17 & 19; receives $15 payment (Zarbuck, 1902 (June 14): DD in California to find Thomas Storey
1988c, 1997) (Zarbuck, 1997)
1901 (Jan 15): Reiring dismisses suit against DD (Gielow, 1981, 1902: L. Howard Nutting (relative of Carver) makes loan to BJ to
p. 96) keep school going (Gielow, 1981, p. 130)
D.D. Palmer's Lifeline Joseph C. Keating, Jr., Ph.D. 8
brought the circumstances to the attention of the authorities with the
1902 (Jun 28): DD arrives to live at 237 Marengo Ave. foregoing result.
Pasadena CA (Zarbuck & Hayes, 1990) It is said that it will be shown that Mr. Hayes even went so far
as to pawn his watch in order to pay for the harsh treatment.
1902 (Aug 2): DD puts ads in several Pasadena CA newspapers
(Zarbuck & Hayes, 1990) 1902 (Sept 26): DD is indicted for practicing medicine without a
license, pleads not guilty (Zarbuck & Hayes, 1990)
1902 (Aug 6-8): "fifth regular meeting" of the Associated Colleges of
Osteopathy initiates college inspections and accreditation; ER 1902 (Sept 26, Friday): Pasadena Daily News (p. 1) publishes
Booth PhD, DO will become first college inspector(Booth, obituary [in papers from RB Jackson]:
1924, p. 277-8) ARRESTED FOR PRACTICING WITHOUT A LICENSE
-----
The Case Against Chiropractic Palmer
1902 (Sept 18): DD's patient, George T. Hayes, dies (Zarbuck &
-----
Hayes, 1990)
Dr. D.D. Palmer, of 237 North Marengo avenue, who calls
himself a chiropractic, was arrested this morning on complaint of
1902 (Sept 19): Pasadena Evening Star (p. 5) publishes obituary [in mrs. Mattie I. Hays, of Sierra Madre, for practicing without a
papers from RB Jackson]: license.
George T. Hayes He was arraigned before Judge Klamroth and plead not guilty,
George T. Hayes a native of Pennsylvania, age 34 years, died his hearing being set for October 4, at 9:30 a.m. The defendant will
yesterday at his temporary home in Sierra Madre. Funeral notice be represented in court by Attorney C.M. Simpson.
will be given later. It will be remembered that at the time of her husband’s death
recently, Mrs. Hays made serious complaint at the manner of his
1902 (Sept 20, Friday): Pasadena Evening Star (p. 1) publishes [in treatment by the “chiropractic,” who claims to be the discoverer of
papers from RB Jackson]: his method, which in this case is alleged to have been of a drastic
DR. D.D. PALMER UNDER ARREST nature. It was said the patient was beaten or manipulated by the
----- practitioner’s hands until he cried out in pain, enfeebled as he was.
Charged With Practicing Without a License
----- 1902 (Oct 4): DD's hearing results in dismissal of charges; DD
INTERESTING TRIAL PROMISED sends telegram to BJ (Zarbuck & Hayes, 1990)
-----
Mrs. Hayues of Sierra Madre Files Complaint as Result of Palmer’s
1902 (Oct 4): Pasadena Evening Star (p. 4) publishes [in papers
Treatment of Her Husband, Now Diseased
from RB Jackson]:
-Palmer “Removes the Cause.”
TRIAL SPOILED BY AN ERROR
-----
-----
D.D. Palmer of North Marengo Avenue appeared before Judge
Dr. D.D. Palmer, “Chiropractic”, In Court Today
H.H. Klamroth in the city polic court this morning under a warrant
-----
issued on complaint of Mrs. Mattie I. Hayes of Sierra Madre,
MAY NOW BE REARRESTED
charging him with practicing medicine without a license. The
-----
warrant is said to have been issued at the instance of the district
Judge McKinley and Senator Simpson Both in Court to Defend Him
attorney’s office.
on Charge of Practicing Medicine Without a License
The defendant appeared with State Senator C.M. Simpson as his
The case of the people against Dr. D.D. Palmer of 327 North
counsel, who entered a plea of not guilty and secured a continuance
Marengo avenue came to an unexpected conclusion before Judge
of the case until October 4, at 9:30 o’clock. He reserved the right to
Klamroth this morning, though it seems probable that the end of the
ask for a jury trial in the interim.
matter is not yet.
The information upon which the complaint was filed is said to
Dr. Palmer, the “chiropractic,” was charged with the practice of
be as follows: George T. Hayes was a consumptive living at Sierra
medicine without a license, the prosecution growing out of the death
Madre. Palmer lives in a cottage on North Marengo avenue above
of George T. Hayes of Sierra Madre. This morning the case was set
Walnut street. He has the fence and front of the house decorated
for trial and a jury was to be chosen. General Johnston Jones
with signs styling himself a “doctor” and advertising to cure disease
appeared for the district attorney’s office, while Senator Simpson
by removing the cause.
and Judge McKinley represented the defendant. The latter was
Palmer and the invalid finally came together, and it is said that
present accompanied by members of his family and friends, who
Palmer made several visits to the Sierra Madre home, after having
between them brought several large baskets of books which were
brought Mr. Hayes to believe that his disease actually could be
evidently expected to figure in the case.
cured. The doctor and patient would lock themselves in a room and
The court proceeded with the selection of a jury and several
refuse Mrs. Hayes admittance. After the doctor’s first visit the
patient seemed better; but after the second there was a marked ?talesmen? were accepted were accepted and others dismissed,
decline and soon the patient was in bed and finally he died, when General Jones announced that he preferred not to proceed
September 18. further in the prosecution. He said he had discovered that the
It is said that Mrs. Hayes suceeded in looking into the room complaint had been drawn under the old statute instead of that now
during one of the doctor’s visits, and saw her husband upon the floor governing such procedures. Judge Klamroth consequently
with Palmer upon him thumping and generally maltreating him. discharged the defendant from custody.
This was explained by Palmer on the ground that all disease results It is understood that a new complaint will be ?pled? in a few
from trouble with the spine and that the treament was necessary to days and prosecution recommended.
remove the cause. Following her husband’s death, Mrs. Hayes It is said that th defective complaint was drawn by Deputy
District Attorney Willis, who has a reputation for drawing ?sureet?
D.D. Palmer's Lifeline Joseph C. Keating, Jr., Ph.D. 9
complaints in the county. It was apparent from the array of legal
talent that the doctor intends to make a strenuous fight. 1903: DD's brother TJ publishes the Medford Patriot (Gielow,
1981, p. 31)
1902 (Oct 12): DD Palmer, Minora Paxson DC and Oakley
Smith DC attend demonstration in Chicago by Adolph Lorenz 1903-’4: The Up-To-Date Directory and Gazetteer of the City of Santa
MD, orthopedist, who attempts a “redressment” of a Barbara, Cal. (p. 147):
congenital hip displacement (Zarbuck, 1997) Palmer, D.D., chiropractice, office Aiken block, res. same.
Palmer, Mrs. T.V., res. Aiken block.
1902 (late): DD ships household to Portland OR, opens short-
lived Pacific (or Portland) College of Chiropractic (Gielow, 1903: DD operates the Santa Barbara Chiropractic School; H.B.
1981, p. 97) Reynard earns DC (Zarbuck, 1988b&c)
1903 (early): Langworthy renames his Cedar Rapids school the 1903 (Aug): AP Davis settles in Dallas TX, stays until Aug 1906
American School of Chiropractic & Nature Cure [ASC] (Zarbuck, 1988b)
(Zarbuck, 1988c)
PHOTOGRAPH
1903 (Jan): BJ indicted for practicing medicine without a license
in 1903 in Scott County IA (Zarbuck & Hayes, 1990)
________________________________________________________________________________________
Patient Died Thursday Evening at His Infirmary and Body is
1905: Langworthy opens ASC (Gielow, 1981, p. 100) Refused Shipment.
-----
1905: Oakley Smith founds Chicago College of Naprapathy At the infirmary of Dr. Palmer in the South Putnam building at
(Zarbuck, 1987) 5:30 o’clock Thursday evening occurred the death of one of his
patients, Miss Lucretia May Lewis of Oskaloosa, at the age of 18
years. The remains were taken to the Boles undertaking parlors on
1905 (Jan): DD publishes Vol. 1, No. 2 of The Chiropractor,
Perry street and there prepared for shipment to the home of the
basis for later conviction in Scott County court (Gielow, 1981,
deceased at Oskaloosa. Dr. D.D. Palmer signed the death
p. 106)
certificate, attributing the cause of death to consumption.
It was desired to ship the body upon an early morning train and
1905 (Feb 15): Willard Carver, LLB recommends DD include therefore the undertaker called at the home of City Clerk Ed Collins
suggestive therapeutics in curriculum (Zarbuck, 1988d) with the death certificate signed by Dr. Palmer and asked for a
burial and transportaion permit. This was refused hima nd the
1905 (Mar): Scott County Coroner's Inquest into the death of shipment of the gody thereby delayed.
Lucretia Lewis, an 18-year old tuberculosis patient who spent City Clerk Talks.
2 days at the Palmer Infirmary before dying (Lerner, 1954, p. City Clerk Collins was interviewed upon the matter and gave his
523) reasons for refusing to issue the required permit as follows:
About the first of March, 1905, Palmer received a new patient “Only recently Dr. Palmer had another death at his infirmary and
named Lucretia Lewis. She was 18 years of age. She had come at that time the permit was issued. Since then however the city
from Oskaloosa, Iowa. Willard Carver had advised her to go and physician has corresponded with Dr. J.F. Kennedy of Des Moines,
see Palmer. Carver had been practising law in Oskaloosa at the secretary of the state board of health, and was informed by Dr.
time. He had been suffering with tuberculosis -- and Miss Lewis Kennedy that Dr. Palmer has no certificate to practice in Iowa and
had likewise been ill with the same affliction. therefore no authority to sign death certificates. Under the
On March 10th, Miss Lewis died at the Palmer infirmary. instructions of both the secretary of the state board of health and
From the evidence I have been able to find, she was the first Coroner Lambach, I refused to issue the permit upon one of Dr.
patient to die while under the care of a Chiropractor. [Lerner is Palmer’s death certificates. I also notified Coroner Lambach and
wrong, as George Hayes had died under DD’s care in City Physician Speers of my action and informed the undertaker that
Pasadena CA in 1902] as soon as matters had been properly adjusted I would gladly issue
the desired permit, but not until such a time as I had received word
1905 (Mar 10): Davenport Democrat & Leader includes: to do so from the proper authorities. Dr. B.F. Palmer came to me
-article (p. 9): after the occurrence and demanded to know upon what authority I
Both Inquest and Autopsy had refused to issue the permit. I informed him of the above facts,
Coroner Lambach this afternoon announced that at 4 o’clock he whereupon he stated he would see his attorneys and threatened to
would hold an autopsy over the remains of Lucretia May Lewis, the make trouble for some one for being refused the permit.”
patient who died late yesterday afternoon at Dr. Palmer’s infirmary, Coroner Lambach Seen.
a full account of which appears elsewhere in this issue. Coroner Coroner Lambach was interviewed in regard to the matter and
Lambach will be assisted at the autopsy by City Physician Spears stated that he would not allow the body to be shipped until an
and Dr. E.S. Bowman. After the autopsy has been condluded and inquest had been held to determine the cause of death, after which
the remains viewed by a jury, the body will be permitted to be he would sign the proper death certificate, upon which a burial and
shipped to Oskaloosa. The inquest which is to follow the autopsy transportation permit would be issued. This inquest was set for this
will be held some time Saturday. afternoon by Dr. Lambach and will be held at the undertaking
-article (p. 10): parlors, where the body now lies.
CORONER ORDERS INQUEST OVER BODY OF DEAD GIRL A glimpse of the body appears to bear out the statement of Dr.
----- Palmer that the patient died from the effects of consumption, but as
Authorities Refuse to Honor Death Certificate of Dr. Palmer. the local authorities have been advised not to issue an any burial
----- permits for Dr. Palmer’s patients upon one of his own death
D.D. Palmer's Lifeline Joseph C. Keating, Jr., Ph.D. 13
certificates, they deem an investigation necessary before they feel at Palmer’s treatment was, as they consisted of manipulations upon his
liberty to allow the body to be shipped from the city. The mother of back and he could not see them and had not seen any other patients
the patient was with her when she died and is remaining in the city treated. In conclusion Mr. Quinn testified that he paid Dr. Palmer
to accompany the remains of her daughter home. $15 for the first week’s treatment, and $10 a week since the first
one.
1905 (Mar 12): Davenport Democrat & Leader includes: A Student’s Testimony.
-article (p. 5): The testimony of J.J. Darnell of Superior, Wis., a student at the
VERDICT RETURNED UPON DEATH OF LUCRETIA LEWIS infirmary of Dr. Palmer, proved by far the most interesting.
----- Darnell testified that he had paid $500 for tuition for a nine
Death Due to Consumption While in the Care of Dr. D.D. Palmer months’ course at the infirmary and during the time that he has been
----- a student has witnessed several operations by Dr. Palmer but could
The coroner’s inquest over the remains of Miss Lucretia May not tell how they were done. They consisted of a replacement of the
Lewis, the young lady who died at 5:30 o’clock Thursday afternoon vertebrae, whose displacement he considered to be seat of almost all
at the infirmary of Dr. Palmer, where she was a patient, was diseases.
concluded at 6 o’clock Saturday evening, at which time the jury In answer to the query of Coroner Lambach, Darnell admitted
returned the following verdict: that he had never seen the internal organs of a human body and had
“We, the jury, find that the deceased, Lucretia May Lewis, came only studied physiology years ago at school. He had seen no
to her death from consumption in an acute form, while under the dissecting since being at the Palmer infirmary. “And you paid $500
care of Dr. D.D. Palmer.” for this course, did you?” inquired Dr. Lambach. “Yes,” replied Mr.
The verdict was signed by the three jurymen, E.J. Dougherty, Darnell. “Then you bought a pig in the poke, did you not?” asked
Alex W. Carroll and Frank Bruner. Dr. Lambach, to which Darnell answered that it depended altogether
The inquest was begun at 4 o’clock Friday afternoon and after upon how a person looked at it.
the examination of several witnesses, was adjourned until 4 o’clock Following will be found a few of the interesting disclosures
Saturday afternoon. The inquest proved a very interesting one. made during the examination of Darnell by CoronerLambach:
County Attorney A.W. Hamann was in attendance on behalf of the Dr. Lambach - So you expected to learn the art of medicine in
state and Attorney Walter H. Peterson appeared to represent the nine months?
intererests of Dr. Palmer. Attorney C.W. Jones, the expert short- Darnell - I am not studying medicne.
hand reporter, was also present and took down the entire Dr. Lambach - How do you expect to understand the body
proceedings in writing for future reference, should they be desired. without studying bones?
The Autopsy Darnell - We study the symptoms.
An autopsy was held upon the remains at 7 o’clock Friday Dr. Lambach - Of what disease do you study the symptoms?
evening at the Eoles undertaking parlors. This was conducted by Darnell - We study all diseases.
Coroner Lambach and Drs. E.S. Bowman and Will Speers. The Dr. Lambach - What is disease?
nurses at St. Luke’s hospital were also in attendance and witnessed Darnell - Most anything and everything.
the autopsy. This examination revealed the lungs to be badly Dr. Lambach - What is the cause of disease?
infected and wasted away. An examination of them left no doubt as Darnell - It appears to be trouble in the spine
to the cause of death, and at the conclusion of the autopsy, Dr. Dr. Lambach - Simply a displacement of the vertebrae?
Lambach signed the death certificate attributing the cause of death Darnell - Yes.
to pulmonary tuberculosis, which corresponded with Dr. Palmer’s Dr. Lambach - Who are the instructors at the Palmer school?
diagnosis of consumption. Upon Dr. Lambach signing the death Darnell - Only Dr. D.D. Palmer and his son, B.J. Palmer.
certificate, City Clerk Ed Collins issued the necessary burial and Dr. Lambach - Did Dr. Palmer teach you that trouble of the
transportation permit and the remains were shipped at 10 o’clock spine is the source of all diseases?
Friday night to the former home of the deceased at Oskaloosa. Darnell - Yes, and I have also read it in many medical books.
Mother Testifies. Dr. Lambach - What medical books?
Mrs. Lida Lewis of Oskaloosa, mother of the dead girl, was the Darnell - I do not remember.
first witness placed upon the stand. She testified that her daughter Dr. Lambach - Did you see the treatment of this girl?
was 18 years of age and had lived for the past six years at Darnell - Yes.
Oskaloosa. For the past year she has been subject to fever, chills Dr. Lambach - How was it done?
and a bad cough. She had tried a number of leading physicians, but Darnell - I can not tell how it was done.
her daughter grew steadily worse and was given up by the regular Dr. Lambach - Did Dr. Palmer show you in what direction the
physicians. At last it became a question of going West or coming to displacement of the vertebrae was?
this city for treatment. Upon the advice of Willard Carver, an Darnell - No.
attorney-at-law at Oskaloosa, who had been greatly benefitted Dr. Lambach - Did he tell you what was the matter with this
through Dr. Palmer’s treatment, she brought her daughter to this city patient?
five weeks ago last Wednesday. She had paid $4 a week board and Darnell - Not this one, but he did in other cases.
$3 a week for a room at the infirmary and since being here had paid Dr. Lambach - Did Dr. Palmer demonstrate to the class what
Dr. Palmer $75 in all. Mrs. Lewis stated that she had never was the matter with the patients?
witnessed any of the treatments as it was against the rules of the Darnell - Not always.
infirmary. While Dr. Palmer never claimed to be a regular licensed Dr. Lambach - Well, if he didn’t demonstrate to you the actual
physician, she supposed he was. lesion on the disease to be cured, for what purpose are you there as
A Patient’s Testimony. a student?
Bert Quinn, of Eldridge, a patient at the Palmer infirmary, was Darnell - I suppose it will be shown me later on, but as yet It has
the next witness. He believed in Dr. Palmer’s methods for the not been done.
reason that his sister-in-law, Mrs. B.F. Quinn of Marshalltown, had Dr. Lambach - When does the time come when he shows you the
been cured by him of a severe case of locomotor ataxia. Mr. Quinn actual disease the patient suffers from?
stated he himself was improving, but he didn’t know what Dr.
D.D. Palmer's Lifeline Joseph C. Keating, Jr., Ph.D. 14
Darnell - We are supposed to get that the latter part of the One is under the care of an allopathic physicians and the other one
course. on a scaffold with a noose around the neck.”
Dr. Lambach - How do you know what is the matter with the Before leaving the undertaking establishment, where the inquest
patient? was held, Dr. Palmer invited Drs. Lambach, Bowman and Speers
Darnell - Only what the doctor and the patient tells us. down to his infirmary, where he would reveal to them some of the
Dr. Lambach - Can you say what is the matter when the disease marvels of chiro. But the invitation was respectfully declined.
is internal?
Darnell - No, but the patient can tell. 1905 (Mar 13): Oscaloosa Times includes:
Dr. Lambach - What ailed this patient? -article (p. 2):
Darnell - I suppose consumption. Coroner’s Jury Brings In Verdict That Death Was Natural and
Dr. Lambach - Have you reason to believe that Dr. Palmer is a Without Criminal Contribution
legally qualified practitioner in the state of Iowa and holding a -----
certificate as such? That the death of Lucretia May Lewis was a natural one, caused
Darnell - I never questioned it and could not say, as I have never by tuberculosis, and that there was no criminal contribution, either
inquired. on the part of Dr. D.D. Palmer, or anyone else, was the substance of
Dr. Palmer on the Stand. the verdict returned by the coroners jury Saturday afternoon at the
Dr. D.D. Palmer was placed upon the witness stand of his own close of the inquest over the dead girl.
accord and showed himself to be a match for the examiners. The Dr. W.F. Speers and Dr. D.D. Palmer were the only witnesses
doctor displayed all the shrewdness and dexterity of the victorious examined Saturday afternoon. Dr. Speers testified that in company
Jap and made Russians out of several in the room who attempted to with Dr. Bowman and Dr. Lambach he had assisted at an autopsy
“rub it into him.” He carefully measured every question before over the remains of the dead girl and had found a diseased condition
making his reply, but his answer was forthcoming in quick and of the lungs indicating beyond a doubt that tuberculosis had caused
decisive tones. Dr. Palmer emphatically stated that he did not cure death.
diseases, but removed the causes by adjustment of the vertebrae, Dr. D. Palmer, the chiropractic at whose establishment the
whereupon the patient became well of his or her own accord. He Lewis girl died, was placed on the stand and subjected to a rigid
was neither an allopath, an electic or an osteopath, but simply inquiry by Coroner Lambach. The coroner was compelled to ask
practiced chiro, the greatest discovery of the age in cases of nearly a hundred questions before he could get Dr. Palmer to admit
affliction. that he professed to heal and cure disease and when he finally was
What is chiro practice? inquired Dr. Lambach. To this query Dr. pinned down to a “yes” or “no” answer to this interrogatory, he
Palmer gave the interesting reply: “Now you are seeking to learn fortified himself with the statement that the terms had a different
something from a 60-cent witness for which my students pay $500.” meaning as applied to his work from that of the ordinary
Dr. Palmer was upon the witness stand at the time and as practitioner.
witnesses at inquests receive but 60 cents from the county for their The witness was asked many questions as to his work but he
services the above reply of Dr. Palmer may readily be understood. evaded all of them, answering with back questions or sarcastic
Dr. Palmer further stated that the jury was not assembled to asides referring to the work of medical doctors. The coroner saw
learn kiro-practic, but to determine the cause of death of the person that the inquest was becoming a mere war of words and finally
over whom the inquest was being held. dismissed the witness.
Dr. Speers Reads Letter. One important statement made by Dr. Palmer was that he had no
At the conclusion of Dr. Palmer’s testimony, which provoked physician’s certificate and did not want one. He affirmed that he
much amusement for the audience, Dr. Speers, the city physician, was not practicing medicne and was carrying on his profession
read a letter from Dr. Kennedy of Des Moines, in which it was under the rights given him by the constitution. This statement of the
stated that Dr. Palmer had no license to practice in Iowa and was chiropractic bears out the report made some time ago that the
without legal standing in the medical profession and therefore had defense to the indictments against B.J. Palmer would be based on
no authority to sign death certificates. the ground of constitutional rights.
The jury then retired and were out but a few minutes when they The inquest attracted considerable interest. Dr. Palmer himself
returned the verdict as already related. Dr. Palmer read the verdict being one of the main objects of curiosity. He refused to take an
and stated that it was very satisfactory to him. oath by swearing, but affirmed that his statements would be the
At the conclusion of the inquest, Coroner Lambach announced truth. Again when the coroner repeated the words “So help me
that all the evidence produced at the hearing would be turned over God” he asked to have them left out as he did not want any help
to the county attorney and that official given the opportunity to use it from God.
as he saw fit. The verdict as made out by the jury was as follows:
Tilts of Sarcasm. “We fnd that Lucretia May Lewis came to her death by
At several times both during and after the inquest, sarcastic consumption while under the care of Dr. D.D. Palmer.”
exchanges of opinion passed between Dr. Lambach and Dr. Palmer. Frank V. Bruner
Upon one occasion Dr. Palmer told Dr. Lambach and those E.J. Doughterty
assembled around him of the splendid convention of kiro A.W. Carroll
practitioners held recently at Minneapolis as illustrating the growth
of this theory. To this information Dr. Lambach replied: “Yes, 1905 (June): Charles Ray Parker is valedictorian at graduation
doctor, you remind me of a bad fish.” “How so?” inquired Dr. from Palmer School; Mabel (Mrs. BJ) is salutatorian (Zarbuck,
Palmer. “Why,” replied Dr. Lambach, “after catching you, the 1988d); they are the only 2 students in the class
people throw you back into the water and allow you to multiply
unmolested.”
1905 (early): Charles Ray Parker graduates from Palmer
Upon another occasion Dr. Palmer addressed the several
(Gielow, 1981, p. 100)
physicians in attendance at the inquest as follows: “Your patients
die every day, but with you there are only two legitimate deaths.
1905 (June 25): Davenport Democrat & Leader includes article (p.
10):
D.D. Palmer's Lifeline Joseph C. Keating, Jr., Ph.D. 15
SUCCESS CROWNS THE PALMER SCHOOL Award of Diplomas.
----- The award of diplomas to the graduates was next in order and
The Commencement Exercises Held in Handsome New this pleasant duty was performed by Dr. D.D. Palmer, president of the
Headquarters school. These diplomas conferred upon the graduates the degree of
----- D.C. (Doctor of Chiropractic.)
Many Good Words In Favor of the Splendid Results Being Gained The diplomas were handsome and costly specimens of the
by Chiropractic. printer’s and engraver’s art. In order to receive them the students
----- were obliged to receive a percentage of over 85 in the following
Friday evening marked an auspicious event in the history of the studies: Anatomy, dissection, physiology, pathology, diagnosis,
Palmer School and Infirmary of Chiropractic. The occasion was the nerve tracing, chiropractic, orthopedy and the principles and
annual Spring Commencement and the Formal Opening of the practices of chiropractic.
handsome new headquarters of the institution at 828 Brady street. Finely Furnished Quarters
The event was also of pleasing interest to both the students and the The new home of the Palmer School and Infirmary of
faculty, because it marked th close of one of the most successful Chiropractic located at the crest of the Brady street ill, is one of the
years in the history of the institution and conclusively proved to the ideal beauty spots of the residence portion of the city. The building
world that chiropractic is no fad but an effective and practical is a spacious and well arranged one, containing all the modern
method of healing the afflicted that has steadily grown in popularity improvements and every known appliance for the convenience and
during the 18 years of its existence. comfort of the patients. Beautiful shade trees,spacious proches and
There was a large gathering of the friends of the school present a green lawn, tends to enhance the beauty and attractiveness of the
at Friday evening’s commencement exercises and the program was a place. The building is a large brick structure, particularly adapted
very pleasing one, and proved of great interest to the audience. The for infirmary puroses and the conducting of classes. It is without
exercises began at 8 o’clock, with an opening address by Dr. B.J. doubt the best regulated infirmary in this section of the state.
Palmer, president of the school. In his remarks Dr. Palmer spoke Formal Opening.
briefly of the work of the graduates and their work in life. The time Friday evening’s event, aside from marking the first
was not far distant when Chiropractic would be recognized the commencement of the school in its new home, also served as a
world over as one of the greatest curative sciences ever discovered. formal opening to the public and the large number of people present
Students of this school were now practicing in two-thirds of the were shown through the institution and many were the favorable
states of the union and several foreign countries. Chiro is growing comments heard from them in regard to what they saw. The
in popularity and accomplishing a world of good among the sick and thoroughness of all the arrangements and the extensiveness of the
afflicted. Only last month Mrs. Martha Brake returned to her home equipment, was a revelation to them and impressed upon their
at Melbourne, Australia, after taking a course at the local school and minds more thoroughly than ever before that chiropractic has come
will now establish herself in practice in that far away country. to stay and that the prejudice which its introduction 18 years ago
Addresses by Students had created, has been largely overcome and that today Dr. Palmer’s
Mrs. B.J. Palmer was next introduced as the salutatorian of the patients include many of our own leading residents as well as those
graduating class. She voiced the appreciation of the members for from all over the West.
the benefit they have derived from the course and expressed their The Appointments.
gratitude to the faculty for what had been done for them. One of the noticeable features noticed by a visit through the
Charles Ray Parker, the valedictorian, in his address, spoke of institution, is the large and finely equipped library, containing
the great faith the students had in chiropractic and noted the spread several thousand volumes, among which are to be found many of the
of this science over the entire civilized world. During the past 18 leading and standard works of the literary world.
years it has grown faster and spread over a larger territory than any The consultation room is a handsomely arranged apartment, as is
similar science. He referred to it as the need of the hour and the the ??? room, library, recreation toom, and other ??? of the
greatest discovery of the century. Its thousands of cured patients are building.
its best endorsement. On the main floor are located the two adjusting rooms, equipped
Value of Chiropractic. with solid mahogany adjusting tables and other furniture to match.
W.J. Robb of the class of December ‘05 was the next speaker On the same floor is located the osteological studio in which are
and chose for his subject, “The Value of Chiropractic to Mankind.” located a large number of cabinets containing interesting specimens
He declared its value to the human race to be beyond showing the different diseased conditions of the body. This
comprehension. It had effected permanent cures where all remedies collection is declared to be the finest in America.
and other sciences had failed. He pointed out its differences from On the second floor is located the parlor and the bedrooms, all
all other sciences and showed that while in every other line of furnished in a manner to give the occupant the most ease and
investigation the world has the advantage of what has been learned comfort. On the third floor are located the wards for the patients.
for centuries before, there is no accumulated knowledge on this new Everything about the entire building is of the most improved
science. sanitary nature and the healthful and invigorating atmosphere which
Dr. D.D. Palmer Speaks. surrounds the ideal location of the sanitarium, makes the infirmary a
Dr. D.D. Palmer, the discoverer and developer of chiropractic, place of pleasure, as well as health and comfort.
was called upon for an address and in responding proved himself a Success Crowns Efforts.
very interesting and entertaining speaker. The speaker expressed That success has crowned Dr. Palmer’s efforts in teaching and
his great pleasure in noting the success that has attended the spreading the principles of chiropractic is well known to every
introduction of chiropractic methods to the public and the ready citizen of Davenport. His reputation for curing the sick and afflicted
response that it has received from them and the hearty testimonials has extended far beyond the borders of the state and today he has
that are continually being received from gratified patients. While patients from many states of the union. His correspondence, from
chiropractic was discovered and developed 18 years ago, there was the states of the union and from the foreign countries, has reached a
no school for its instruction until nine years ago and during that tremendous proportion and requires the assistance of a number of
short space of time over 200 graduates have been awarded diplomas clerks and stenographers in disposing of.
and gone forth in the world to relieve suffering humanity.
D.D. Palmer's Lifeline Joseph C. Keating, Jr., Ph.D. 16
Other physicians who were approached declared that as a result
1905 (July): The Chiropractor (1[8]:9): of the alleged “manipulations” of the Franklin street doctor
A STUDENT’S OPINION Richsteiner will die.
A Practicing Osteopath Takes a Short Course - Is Well Pleased THAT HARNESS
Three years ago I became interested in Chiropractic by taking a At the offices of Dr. Storey the peculiar harness used for
week’s adjustment of Dr. D.D. Palmer, after which I wanted to suspending patients afflicted with nervous diseases was seen by a
know more of the science. Therefore I have taken a short course at Times man. The apparatus consists of a set of straps riveted
The Palmer School, during which I have learned much and consider together in the shape of a halter and attached to a rope which is
myself well repaid for my time and expense. carried through a pulley attached to a large iron hook in the ceiling.
“I Find Original Investigation” At intervals along this rope there are wooden balls to afford a firmer
I find in it the evidence of deep research and original grip. The harness is capable of bearing a weight of about 200
investigation. The methods are brief, direct and decisive. The pounds.
teachers of The Palmer School evidently understand the principles By means of the pulley the patient is hauled from the floor and
of Chiropractic, for they are able to demonstrate clearly to their while suspended the wiry little doctor with fists doubled or with
students. fingers extended plays up an ddown the spinal column of the man
A knowledge of this science enables us to see the limitationof hanging in the agonizing position from the ceiling.
other systems, yet each have helped to prepare the way for These manipulations, according to the doctor, consist of a system
Chiropractic. of rubbing and kneading, the secret of which has cost thousands of
Osteopathy, First Glimmer dollars. The doctor claims to be able to move the different sets of
Osteopathy gave us the first glimmer of light, and started a vertebrae into almost any position. By this change of position the
revolution in the healing art. But its methods are cumbersome and “chiro” man claims to cure curvature of the spine and all forms of
more or less uncertain. The change from fetichism to a scientific paralysis.
study of the human body and its needs was welcomed by thousands. Dr. Storey has a lady attendant, Miss Jean A. Poirier, and the
Chiropractic Direct and Effective duty of the young woman is to assist the doctor in lifting and rolling
If we but wished to amuse and impress our patients, then the the patients who are brought into the inner office.
more movements and apparatus the better. But if we desire to It is claimed by those who are prosecuting the case that the
relieve them of sickness and disease, we will use that method which young woman knows considerably more of the exact manner in
is most direct and effective; this we find in Chiropractic. which Richsteiner was treated while in the operating room of Dr.
A friend once said to me, “I would rather have your opinion than Storey than she is willing to tell...
your argument.” The foregoing is my opinion; the demonstration of ...covery and went for teatment only with a view of hurrying the
Chiropractic principles can be better applied in the clinic and cure.
adjusting room. He says the doctor promised to cure him and demanded a fee in
M.R. M’Burney D.O. advance. When the money was not forthcoming, Storey according to
1201 Boyle St., Allegheny, Pa. Richsteiner, promised to wait for his pay until the patient could get
a job.
1905 (July 19): Wednesday; Los Angeles Daily Times page 1 THE ALLEGED KNOCKOUT
story (from Russ Gibbons): In describing the way in which the alleged knockout blow was
HOT AFTER DOCTOR delivered Richsteiner said:
The County Medical Association to Prosecute “Chiropractic,” Who “The doctor told me to sit down on a low bench in his office.
is Accused of Fatally Injuring a Crippled Carpenter Then he made me take off my shoes and put my feet in water.
There were important developments yesterday in the case of “While I was sitting that way something hot shot all over my
James Richsteiner, the man who acuses Dr. T.H. Storey of body. Then the doctor said, ‘I guess I will give you a knock.’
malpractice. “He went behind the bench and hit me hard in the back of my
The County Medical Association has taken hold of the case and neck. Then I fell over senseless.”
a representativ eof the body went yesterday to the County Hospital Richsteiner declares the young woman was in the office when
and made a thorough examination of the paralytic. this took place.
As a result, a warrant will be issued for the arrest of Dr. Storey, DOCTOR’S DENIAL
who says he will defeat the plans of his enemies. With regard to what occurred in the inner office Dr. Storey said:
It is claimed by the prosecution that the examination made “Richsteiner came into my office for treatment, and he was in a
yesterday discloses that the patient’s vertebrae were so disturbed in bad way. He sat down on the bench and I began to manipulate him.
the “treatment” he received that the end will be fatal. “I diagnosed his case carefully and described his trouble. I told
“Bosh!” says Dr. Storey. him I would cure him.
Dr. Storey is under fire from the old school physicians in Los “Just as I turned around the fellow said, ‘I feel dizzy,’ and as he
Angeles and his methods will be investigated in court. spoke he reeled and would have fallen had I not supported him.
For the Medical Association Dr. James T. Fisher visited the “I called the lady attendant and we lifted the man onto the
“chiropractic” at his offices on Franklin street yesterday and a lounge and applied the batteries, but there was no result. I called a
stormy scene resulted. The latter was asked to produce his hack and sent him to his lodgings.
credentials and to describe his methods of “treatment” and the lie When asked if the man had been suspended in the harness the
was passed between the physicians. doctor answered “no.”
Dr. Fisher told the “chiro-practic” that he would be prosecuted. He declared he had only manipulated the man’s vertebrae and
Storey ordered Dr. Fisher from his offices and told him to do his had not struck him a blow on the neck.
worst as he (Storey) was not afraid of the medical fraternity of Los Other charges hurled at Dr. Storey are that he is not a graduate
Angeles. of any college and that he has no license to practice.
Dr. Fisher was unwilling to discuss the situation last evening GRADUATED THIRTEEN TIMES
further than to say that serious charges will be preferred. Answering these charges Storey says that he is a graduate of
McGill University and of twelve other medical colleges. He says he
D.D. Palmer's Lifeline Joseph C. Keating, Jr., Ph.D. 17
will produce a license at the proper time and that he has the
necessary documents to show that he is a regular physician. He 1905 (late): John F. Howard enter's Palmer School's nine month
further asserts that there are people in this city who will vouch for course (Zarbuck, 1989)
his character and standing as a physician.
“These doctors are persecuting me because I make cures that 1905 (Aug): DD publishes Vol. 1, No. 9 of The Chiropractor,
they can’t,” said Dr. Storey. “Let them ???... basis for later conviction in Scott County court (Gielow, 1981,
...hearing, so that he may tell his story before a jury ??? it is too late. p. 106)
The case will be pressed with a view of doing justice to all.
1905 (Aug?): Palmer School moves to 828 Brady St, Davenport
1905 (Aug): The Chiropractor (1[9]:4): (Gielow, 1981, p. 98)
Allegheny, Pa., Aug. 17, 1905
Dr. D.D. Palmer,
1905 (Nov 9): DD's fourth wife, Villa, dies in Davenport (Gielow,
Dear Doctor: - I am hard at work. The ten days at your school is
1981, p. 99; Rehm, 1980, p. 271)
making a change in results, and not so hard on me.
I am advising my friends to go to your school.
Yours truly, M.R. McBURNEY, D.O. 1905: DD visits Gov of Minnesota to urge veto of chiro license
bill (Gibbons, 1993; Gielow, 1981, p. 100)
PHOTOGRAPH
1906: DD marries old girl friend, Molly Hudler (Palmer, 1967, p.
24); BJ refers to Mary (“Aunt Molly”) Hudler
1906 (Mar 26): jury selection begins in DD's trial (Gielow, 1981,
p. 103)
Illustration No. 22 (p. 88c) from Palmer & Palmer, 1906; L to R 1906 (Mar 26): Davenport Democrat & Leader includes article (p. 9):
standing: M.R. McBurney, D.O., E.E. Schwartz, D.O., Frank Horak FOR PRACTICING WITHOUT LICENSE
D.G.R., Alafred E. Wenzel, D.O.E., H.J. Falkin, D.O. (or perhaps -----
Faulkner); seated, L to R: DD, BJ and Alice E. Eklund; see also Interesting Trial Has Been Begun in the District Court
The Chiropractor 1905 (Sept); 1(10): 14 and The Chiropractor -----
1905 (Oct); 1(11): 24 Law Has Been Raised in Justice Courts But This is First Trial in
District Court.
-----
1905 (Nov): The Chiropractor (1[12]:10):
An interesting trial is now in progress in the District Court ???
Dr. D.D. Palmer, Allegheny, Pa., Nov. 7, 1905
Judge A.P. Barker of Clinton. It is that of Dr. D.D. Palmer, indicted
Dear Doctor: - I was glad to hear from headquarters.
by the September grand jury for practicing medicine without a
As usual you are striking from the shoulder. I will look forward
license.
with great interest for the next two numbers of The Chiropractor.
This is practically a test case in this vicinity. The law has been
We are making arrangements to get back as soon as we can, to
brought out in justice courts and before coroners’ juries and in
finish up the course.
several cases persons have been bound over to the grand jury for the
I have an enviable record, since leaving The Palmer School, in
offense. However, this is the first time that a case has come to trial
paralysis, headaches, rheumatism, including sciatica, diabetes
before a jury under this law.
insipidus, nervous prostration, cystitis and hay fever. Eye troubles
The law is said to apply more widely than the term, practicing
originating at k.p., which were obstinate in the past, are now readily
medicine without a certificate, would imply. It is believed to cover
removed.
all cases n which a person cures or professes to cure diseases
I am ready for your new discovery: “Why is a fever preceded by
without a state certificate.
a chill?”
The trial began at 2 o’clock this afternoon in the district court
Thanking you for your past kindness, I am
and the attorneys are now busy securing a jury. County Attorney
Yours sincerely, M.R. McBURNEY, D.O.
A.W. Hamann and his assistant, C.H. Murphy, are prosecuting
while W.A. Foster and Walter Petersen are defending.
1905 (Nov 11): Oakley Smith discovers “ligatite” at 11:45PM;
founds naprapathy (Zarbuck, 1997)
1906 (Mar 27): Davenport Democrat & Leader includes article (p. 7):
THE PALMER TRIAL IS A SHORT ONE
1905 (Dec 2): Minora Paxson transfers her license from Will -----
County IL to Cook County (Chicago) (Zarbuck, 1997) Attorneys Began Arguments the First Thing This Morning
-----
1905 (late): Oakley Smith founds the Chicago College of Defense Introduced No Testimony - Case Went to Jury at Noon
Naprapathy (Zarbuck, 1997) Today
----
D.D. Palmer's Lifeline Joseph C. Keating, Jr., Ph.D. 18
The trial of Dr. D.D. Palmer on the charge of practicing Confined to a Cell 9 by 11 Feet in Dimensions and Treated as
medicine without a certificate from the state obard of health proved Ordinary Prisoner.
to be a very short one. The case was not taken up until 2 o’clock -----
Monday afternoon. In an hour a jury had been acquired and, before Dr. D.D. Palmer, who is serving a 105 day sentence in the
evening adjournment, the state had rested its case. county jail, was interviewed in his cell Sunday afternoon by a
This morning the defense introduced a motion to instruct the Democrat representative who inquired how jail life was agreeing
jury to return a verdict against the state but the judge overruled it. with him. To this question Dr. Palmer replied:
Thereupon the defense rested, without examining a single witness “It’s not so bad as some people might suppose. The first day
and allowed the case to go to the jury upon the state’s evidence. naturally was the hardest to bear, the second day was easier and so
Assistant County Attorney C.H. Murphy made the opening on until now. I am reconciled to my fate. I am here for a principle
argument for the state and was followed by Walter Petersen for the which is chiropractic. This is mine. I discovered and developed it.
defense. W.A. Foster closed for the defense and County Attorney No medical school has ever practiced or used it. In doing so I am
A.W. Hamann for the state. The case went to the jury at noon. not practising surgery, medicine or obstetrics. I am opposed to the
The jury which will decide the case is composed of Dr. practice of medicine in all its branches.”
Boydston, August Butenschoen, M.W. Butterfield, W. Clemmer, Will Not Pay Fine.
Henry Ljoberenz, F. Rascher, A.N. Rust, A.C. Seaman, I.W. “Many people are saying on the street that you will soon become
Strathmann, Jr., R.J. Tobin, G. Werthmann, and H.J. Winkler. tired of jail life and pay your fine in order to be released,” stated the
The first witness for the state was County Recorder Charles Like reporter to Dr. Palmer. To this information the doctor replied:
who testified that Dr. Palmer had never filed a certificate to practice “I will pay no fine and will serve out the entire sentence if
medicine in his office. Then George Backus, a linotype operator, required to do so. I feel less and less every day like paying a fine.
and H.A. Skelley, a printer of the firm of Osborne & Skelley, were “A rather interesting incident occurred in connection with my
put upon the stand to testify in regard to certain printing circulated sentence. After I went to jail, several parties phoned to my home
by the Palmer School and Infirmary of Chiropractic. and others called, offering to lend me money with which to pay my
The star witness for the state was Miss Avis Fraser, formerly fine, thinking that I did not have it. I am not in this cell for lack of
stenographer for the Drs. Palmer. The defense sought to have her principal but for an abundance of principle.”
testimony stricken out on the grounds that she was a private In a Small Cell.
secretary and her testimony was privileged. The judge, however, Ever since Dr. Palmer went to jail, the general impression has
allowed it to go in. prevailed over town that he was a prisoner in name only and was
The state’s case depends upon the connection of Dr. D.D. given special privileges, etc., while serving his sentence.
Palmer with the publication of “The Chiropractor,” a circular in the This is a false impression. When The Democrat representative
form of a magazine. It is alleged that in this Dr. Palmer professes to called at the jail and asked Turnkey Eldridge to see Dr. Palmer, the
cure diseases and that, in making this claim, Dr. Palmer violated the turnkey picked up his bunch of keys and led the reporter through the
law under which he is being tried. jail corridor to the east wing of the jail. At a certain cell, Mr.
----- Eldridge stopped, inserted the key in the steel door and swung it
Found Guilty. open. Inside this cell, which is 9 by 11 feet in dimensions, was Dr.
The jury returned a verdict this afternoon of guilty as charged. Palmer. He entered this cell on the morning he began the serving of
This is the first conviction in the county court on the charge of his sentence and has not stepped out of it since.
practicing medicine without a license. The penalty is a fine of from In the cell is a cot, two chairs, a small table and a typewriter.
$300 to $??? to be paid in cash or served out in jail. The only things the doctor is allwed in his cell that are not found in
the cells of the other prisoners, is the extra chair, the table and the
1906 (Mar 28): Davenport Democrat publishes story of DD's typewriter.
conviction and refusal to pay fine (Gielow, 1981, p. 106) Cleans Cell Himself.
A noticable feature about the cell in which Dr. Palmer is
1906 (Mar 27): Davenport Democrat & Leader includes article (p. confined is its cleanliness. Soon after entering it, Dr. Palmer
10): himself went to work and gave it a thorough scrubbing. Every
DR. D.D. PALMER GOES TO JAIL morning he spends an hour or so in cleaning it and making it as
----- attractive as possible.
Refuses to Pay Fine and Will Serve 105 Days in Bastile. Dr. Palmer states he is treated well by all the jail officials and
----- has no complaint to make. “Only one thing I would like to do which
Declares He Will Stick by Chiropractic to the End - Clashes With they will not allow me,” stated the doctor, and “that is to hang out
the Judge my sign over the window to my cell.”
----- Time Passes Quickly.
Dr. D.D. Palmer, discoverer and developer of Chiropractic, was Continuing Dr. Palmer, who by the way is the elder doctor and
committed to the county jail at 10 o’clock this morning to serve out not the son, as is misunderstood by some, said:
his sentence of 105 days imposed upon him... “Time passes very quickly in jail. I spend the time in reading,
writing, and studying chiropractc. I am living on the prison food
and have requested my family and friends not to send me any
1906 (Mar 30): TJ writes that DD and wife dined with him the
delicacies. Prison food is not bad, I can stand it.
previous evening: they are on the way to Portland OR
As long as my wife and son stands by me, I will be patient and
(Palmer, 1967, p. 14)
remain contented. You see some friends sent me those beautiful
flowers today. Well, I certainly appreciate this kind remembrance,
1906 (Apr 2): Davenport Democrat & Leader includes article (p. 5): also the visits of my friends who have to the jail to see me.”
DR. D.D. PALMER TALKS IN JAIL
-----
1906 (Apr 6, Friday): Davenport Democrat & Leader includes article
Will Serve Out Entire Sentence Rather Than to Pay Fine.
(p. 6):
-----
HOW TO BE HAPPY IN COUNTY JAIL
D.D. Palmer's Lifeline Joseph C. Keating, Jr., Ph.D. 19
-----
Dr. D.D. Palmer Writes a new Line of Valuable Maxims 1906 (May 1): DD leaves Davenport (Zarbuck, 1989)
-----
From the Scott County Jail He Sends Messages of Optimism to the 1906 (May 28): DD Palmer writes from Kansas City MO to John
Outside World. Howard of Davenport to indicate that he (DD) considers
----- Howard a "capable and qualified teacher" of chiropractic
When asked by a Democrat reporter “How to Make a Jail (National College advertisement, 1936)
Sentence Easy,” Dr. D.D. Palmer made the following remarks.
Be sure you are in the right.
1906 (May?): DD and new wife move to Medford OK, opens
Keep busy; always have something to do.
grocery store (Gielow, 1981, p. 116)
Keep your person and room clan and neat.
Don’t worry. Let the fellow who committed the Injustice do
that. 1906 (May 30): according to T.J. Palmer’s autobiography
If you are in the right you can afford to hold your temper; if in (Cross, 1950-51, p. 483):
the wrong you can’t afford to lose it. My oldest brother and his 5th wife, Mary, came to town last
Be thankful for small favors, hoping to receive larger ones. evening and went to a rooming house. I saw them on the street in
Have no regrets. Take your medicine with a smile.. the morning and they went home with me for dinner. They were on
Jails have contained some of the best, as well as the worst men. their way to the Pacific Coast. He has recently discovered what he
Treat the sheriff, turn key and guards with due respect; they calls Chiropractic, a system of removing disease by adjusting
have their duties to perform. vertebra in the spinal column, which, becoming displaced by falls or
Have a clear conscience and a good appetite. strain impinge the nerves and prevent their distribution of the life-
Feel that your cause is just, that you are imprisoned for giving vitality. He has so far developed it into a science, which will
righteousness. Thus does time pass quickly and pleasantly. make his name immortal.
Others have suffered for conscience sake, and the uplifting of
their fellow men. 1906 (Jun 3): DD joins brother TJ and wives for outing in
Persecution or prosecution creates sympathy, sympathy generates Oklahoma City (Cross, 1950-51, p. 483; Gielow, 1981, p.
investigators, investigation produces followers, who become more 117); according to TJ:
zealous and persistent in spreading their peculiar doctrines. “D.D. and wife and Sarah [Sarah Lazier Palmer, formerly of Port
Thousands will be benefited by my incarceration. It has already Perry OT, TJ’s wife] and I went to Oklahoma City on an excursion.
been copied in hundreds of newspapers, and stimulate the growth of We called upon D.T. Flynn. I introduced D.D. as Dr. Palmer, which
our business. caused Flynn to inquire into his school of practice, as his wife has
Radical changes cannot be made “on feathery beds of cane;” new poor health. He went with her to Europe for treatment after having
thoughts of great importance cannot be born without labor. the highest in New York treat her and operate on her without any
“Truth crushed to earth will rise again.” DR. D.D. PALMER, benefit. June 4. Mrs. Flynn came for treatment by D.D. and went to
Discoverer and Developer of Chiropractic. a hotel, as her 2 boys were with her, and Sarah did not feel able to
care for them...In 3 days she was able to sleep well and in a week
1906 (Apr 21): DD is released from jail after wife pays fine of she could walk 6 blocks and return for exercise without becoming
$350 (Gielow, 1981, p. 113) and DD protests (Gielow, 1981, (p.113) dizzy. She and Sarah drove out in the country several times
p. 1) and went back and forth...Mr. Flynn told me afterwards that she had
not since had a dizzy spell and could sleep well without an opiate
1906 (Apr 23, Monday): Davenport Democrat & Leader includes
article (p. 8): 1906: according to Cooley (1943):
DR. D.D. PALMER PAYS HIS FINE Oklahoma was then in the “boom” phase of its development, and
----- any properly conducted business was a veritbable gold mine.
Discoverer of Chiropractic Released from Jail Saturday Probably at the suggestion of his brother, the Discoverer of
----- Chiropractic became, temporarily, a merchant in the rapidly growing
Dr. D.D. Palmer, discoverer of chiropractic and president of the town of medford, not far from Oklahoma City, the state’s
Palmer School of Chiropractic, was released from the county jail metropolis.
Saturday. His fine was paid in full as imposed by the court at the The store prospered, but the Palmer ownership was brief. The
time he was adjudged guilty of violating the state statute forbidding proprietor was concerned with something more important to him
anybody to practice medicine without a state certificate. than making money in the mercantile business, grain, livestock, oil
The fine imposed by the court was $350 and the costs were or mining, all of which were enriching, enterprising new citizens of
$39.50. This made a total of $389.50. Upon the payment of this the territory. Even while he operated the store, his home was a
sum, the elder Palmer was released. veritable clinc and school of Chiropractic. the next step was
Dr. Palmer had served out 23 days when released. In spite of inevitable - a clinic and Chiropractic College in Oklahoma City.
thishe was required to pay the entire fine. No reduction was made
for the days spent by him in jail at the rate of $2.22 per day, which 1906? (June 12): Carver, his wife Ida M. and Mrs. Mary V.
is the rate at which fines are served out when prisoners prefer to go Parker graduate from the Charles Ray Parker School of
to jail and work out the fines imposed. Chiropractic (Zarbuck, 1988d)
1906 (Apr?): DD signs over school holdings to Mabel (Gielow, 1906 (June): The Chiropractor [2(7)]:
1981, p. 116) -photo of earlier graduates suggests Leroy Baker graduated in 1896;
caption (p. 20):
1906 (Apr?): BJ denies DD entry to the Palmer School (Gielow, “The above represents some of the P.S.C.’s earlier graduates.
1981, p. 115) 1st row on left, above downward: Raymond ’01, Simon ’99, Baker
’96; 2drow, Christianson 1900, Dr. D.D. Palmer, Discoverer and
D.D. Palmer's Lifeline Joseph C. Keating, Jr., Ph.D. 20
Developer of Chiropractic, Brown, M.D. ’99; 3rd row, Miss
Murchison ’02, B.J. Palmer, D.C., Sec. The P.S.C.; 4th row, 1906 (Sept): AP Davis moves to LA, stays until 1908 with side
Stouder ’01, Schooley ’02, Graham ’99.” trips to St. Louis (Zarbuck, 1988b)
1906 (Aug): Carver and Denny form school in Oklahoma City 1906 (Oct): Carver/Denny school opens (Gielow, 1981, p. 118)
(Gielow, 1981, p. 118)
1906 (late) or early 1907: Howard founds National School of
1906 (Aug): John F. Alan Howard graduates from Palmer, Chiropractic at South Putnam Bldg, Suite 305, Davenport (site
associates with JW Benadom Sanitarium in Davenport IA of DD's first adjustment of Harvey Lillard) (Zarbuck, 1989)
(Zarbuck, 1989)
1907? (Feb): Carver learns that DD is living in Medford OK,
1906 (Aug/Sept); The Chiropractor [2(9-10)] includes: visits DD and offers him a faculty position at Carver/Denny
-"Our Alma Mater: Her Mission, Accomplishments, Our Duties (Gielow, 1981, p. 118)
Towards Her" by JFA Howard, notes formation of the UCA,
notes graduation date of August 17, 1906 1907-1908: according to Cooley (1943):
-letter from John F.A. Howard mentions prior experience with ...Even while he operated the store [in Medford], his home was a
various drugless methods, influence of A.P. Davis and S.M. veritable clinc and school of Chiropractic. the next step was
Langworthy (p. 23): inevitable - a clinic and Chiropractic College in Oklahoma City.
From my earliest recollection I have been opposed to the use of I was in his first class there. So was my Father, Dr. Edward L.
drugs as a means of restoring health. I first courted the fresh air, Cooley, who had studied medicine, but was not practicing. We had
exercise and the diet theory. I next took up electricity and massage. arrived in Oklahoma City from the East about the same time Doctor
One day I found myself by accident in charge of the treatment rooms Palmer arrived in Medford.
of a sanitarium employing those methods in connection with The interest of my Father and myself was due, in part to the
hydrotherapy. I soon came to the conclusion that there must still be promptness with which the strange exponent of Innate Healing
some method to handle the cases that could not be cured by the Intelligence freed me from an affliction which had defied the best of
means we were employing. I had corresponded with A.P. Davis and orthodox methods. Daniel David Palmer rescued me from
the American School of Chiropractic and had considered their invalidism and helped me to health. The chances are that, except
claims, and finally received the school announcement of The P.S.C. for the ministrations of his gifted hands, guided by a mind which
I meditated between the American School and The P.S.C. and finally seemed never to err or falter in expressing Chiropractic principle,
gave preference to the latter, concluding that if it could send out my voyage on “Life’s tempestuous sea” would have ended years
Davises and Langworthies [sic] it could satisfy me. So according I ago.
associated myself with this school, and I now know I acted wisely, Although the college was a great success, Oklahoma could not
as I believe that it is the only equipped school to teach the science of hold the Founder. Having established his science firmly in our
Chiropractic. What you get here is the real thing as developed by territory, he yielded again to the lure of the Far West and the
D.D. Palmer. If pure goods are desired you will get what you want prospect of carrying the Chiropractic doctrine to the traditionally
at The P.S.C. receptive Pacific Coast states. About 1909, he seemed to have
found his ideal place of residence and work in Portland, Oregon,
PHOTOGRAPH beautiful and progressive “City of Roses.” There he established a
monthly magazine, “The Chiropractic Adjuster,” and there he
completed and published his monumental book, “The Science, Art
and Philosophy of Chiropractic.”
1909 (Jan 25): letter to DD from Dr. MS Fite of Oklahoma City 1909 (Feb 6): letter to DD from Charles J. Ostberg of Chanute
(The Chiropractor Adjuster 1909 [Mar]; 1[3]:41): KS (1909 [Mar]; 1[3]:16)
Oklahoma City, Okla., Jan. 25, 1909
Dr. D.D. Palmer: 1909 (Feb 6): letter to DD from AR Ely of Lynchburg VA (1909
Your most welcome letter received. I was truly glad to hear [Mar]; 1[3]:42)
from Dear Old Dad and also Mrs. Palmer. There is no one living
that would rejoice more to hear of your success than I; will further 1909 (Feb 9): letter to DD from GW Thompson of Collinsville IL
say, it is to you that we all owe allegiance and respect, which you so (1909 [Mar]; 1[3]:13)
justly deserve. I am always your friend.
Wishing you great success and many compliments on the last
1909 (Feb 12): JN Jones DC of 856 Fourth St, San Jose CA
issue of The Adjuster, I am yours truly,
writes to "Dear Daddie Chiro" re: subscription to The
Dr. M.S. Fite
Chiropractor Adjustor (Palmer, 1909b, p. 35)
1909 (Jan 26): letter to DD from Dr. CF Compton of Asheville
NC (1909 [Mar]; 1[3]:27) 1909 (Feb 13): letter to DD from AP Davis MD, ND, OphD, DO,
DC, Baker City OR (1909 [Mar]; 1[3]:35)
1909 (Jan 26): letter to DD from Mrs. Fred Ganard of Nevada
MO (1909 [Mar]; 1[3]:28) 1909 (Feb): AP Davis moves to Baker City OR, stays until Feb
1910, takes adjustments from DD for cataracts during 1909;
writes Neuropathy; was possibly affiliated with the Peerless
1909 (Jan 28): letter to DD from Elmer Schwartz DO of Chicago College of Chiropractic and Neuropathy in Portland OR
(1909 [Mar]; 1[3]:47) (Zarbuck, 1988b)
1909 (Jan 29): letter to DD from JF Petritsch DC of Logan UT
1909 (Feb 17): letter to DD from TJ Owens DC of Seattle (The
(1909 [Mar]; 1[3]:29)
Chiropractor Adjuster 1909 [Mar]; 1[3]:14)
1909 (Jan 30): letter to DD from CR Webster of Indianapolis IN
1909 (Feb 17): letter to DD & Gordon from HL Murchison DC of
(1909 [Mar]; 1[3]:49)
Sandusky OH (The Chiropractor Adjuster 1909 [Mar]; 1[3]:39)
1909 (Jan 31): letter to DD from OB Jones DC of Hamilton MT
1909 (Feb 17): letter to DD from A Henry DC of Peoria IL (The
(1909 [Mar]; 1[3]:24):
Chiropractor Adjuster 1909 [Sept]; 1[6]:47)
In answer to your question I will say, that I attended your
school in the year of 1899. You taught me and others to
1909 (Mar): DD Palmer mentions the "Portland College of
adjust the atlas, cervical, dorsal and lumbar vertebrae. Chiropractic" (Palmer, 1909b, p. 40)
Dont’ think for a moment that I envy you the firve
hundred dollars I paid you for my tuition... 1909 (Mar 19): letter to DD from EC Alexander of San Jose CA
(The Chiropractor Adjuster 1909 [Sept]; 1[6]:57)
1909 (Jan 31): letter to DD from HL Murchison of Sandusky OH
(1909 [Mar]; 1[3]:44) 1909 (June 2): letter to DD from AA Finkeltein of Standish MI
(The Chiropractor Adjuster 1909 [Sept]; 1[6]:26-7)
1909 (Feb 1): letter to Gordon from A. Lee Lewis of Everett WA
(1909 [Mar]; 1[3]:39) 1909 (July 3): letter to DD from PW Johnson DC of Hutchinson
KS (The Chiropractor Adjuster 1909 [Sept]; 1[6]:26-7)
1909 (Feb 4): letter to DD from H. Garbisch DO, DC of
Washington PA (1909 [Mar]; 1[3]:26) 1909 (July 27): letter to DD from Rowley & Rowley of Anthony
KS (The Chiropractor Adjuster 1909 [Sept]; 1[6]:57)
1909 (Feb 5): letter to DD from Dr. MS Fite of Oklahoma City
(The Chiropractor Adjuster 1909 [Mar]; 1[3]: 40): 1909 (Aug 16): letter to DD from AD Crawford at San Francisco
Oklahoma City, Okla., Feb. 5, 1909 (The Chiropractor Adjuster 1909 [Dec]; 1[7]:34)
Dr. D.D. Palmer,
Dear Dad and Mrs. Palmer: Your letter received and
1909 (Aug 19): letter to DD from Dr. H Eaton of Forest Grove
appreciated. It reads just like you used to talk to me.
Copy of The Adjuster at hand. It is great. Your adjustments OR (The Chiropractor Adjuster 1909 [Dec]; 1[7]:20)
headed as they were, may be severe, but they ought to relieve the
pressure, or impingement, as I see you now use that term, and the 1909 (Sept): DD Palmer's The Chiropractor Adjustor notes that
patient ought to recover. "H.G. Palmer" lives in Tacoma WA (Palmer, 1909c, p. 12);
If the patient had all the symptoms indicated, he certainly could this be "Hanna Jane," DD's sister? (see 1823)
needed the adjusting. I remain, yours truly,
Dr. M.S. Fite 1909 (Sept): Vol. 1, No. 6 of The Chiropractor Adjustor (Ed: DD
Palmer) notes that:
1909 (Feb 5): letter to DD from TJ Meyer at Davenport IA (1909 The Osteopath College at Los Angeles, Cal., thinks 'Chiropractic
[Mar]; 1[3]:40) is a mechanical manipulator, while an Osteopath is an all round
physician.' A physician is one skilled in physic, a doctor of
D.D. Palmer's Lifeline Joseph C. Keating, Jr., Ph.D. 29
medicine. As Osteopaths do not use medicine to physic their
patients, they are certainly not physic-ians... (p. 13) 1909 (Dec 1): letter to DD from CE Eddy DC, ND of Philo CA
-DD Palmer seems unaware of broad-scope osteopathy in LA; (The Chiropractor Adjuster 1910 [Feb]; 1[8]:24)
Old Dad Chiro republishes responses from Effie E York, Dean
of the California College of Osteopathy in SF (dated 1/7/07 and 1909 (Dec 7): letter to DD from Charles J. Ostberg DC of
1/9/07) and from CA Whiting, Chairman of Faculty, of the Chanute KS (The Chiropractor Adjuster 1910 [Feb]; 1[8]:29)
Pacific College of Osteopathy of LA (dated 1/9/07) which indicate
that there is little or no similarity between osteopathy and 1909 (Dec 7): letter to DD from WE Mansfield of Denver CO
chiropractic (pp. 14-5) (The Chiropractor Adjuster 1910 [Feb]; 1[8]:30)
1909 (Sept 13): letter to DD from Dr. HS Stone of Salem OR
1909 (Dec 11): letter to DD from GH Patchen MD, DC of New
(The Chiropractor Adjuster 1909 [Dec]; 1[7]:23)
York NY (The Chiropractor Adjuster 1910 [Feb]; 1[8]:52)
1909 (Sept 21): letter to DD from AD Crawford at Los Angeles
1909 (Dec 12): letter to DD from AP Davis in Baker City OR
(The Chiropractor Adjuster 1909 [Dec]; 1[7]:38)
(The Chiropractor Adjuster 1910 [Feb]; 1[8]:11)
1909 (Sept 24): letter to DD from MM Greiner DC of Seattle
1909 (Dec 12): letter to DD from F Francis DC of South Norwalk
(The Chiropractor Adjuster 1909 [Dec]; 1[7]:48)
CT (The Chiropractor Adjuster 1910 [Feb]; 1[8]:25)
1909 (Sept 27): letter to DD from William A. Seeley DC of
1909 (Dec 14): letter to DD from Dr. TS Jones of Des Moines IA
Kalispel MT (The Chiropractor Adjuster 1909 [Dec]; 1[7]:29)
(The Chiropractor Adjuster 1910 [Feb]; 1[8]:39)
1909 (Oct 15): letter to DD from Medlin & Broyles of Greely CO
1909 (Dec 14): letter to DD from AA Finkelstein of Perth Amboy
(The Chiropractor Adjuster 1909 [Dec]; 1[7]:32)
NY (The Chiropractor Adjuster 1910 [Feb]; 1[8]:40)
1909 (Oct 19): letter to DD from PW Johnson DC of Hutchinson
1909 (Dec 15): letter to DD from A. Henry DC of Peoria IL (The
KS (The Chiropractor Adjuster 1909 [Dec]; 1[7]:18)
Chiropractor Adjuster 1910 [Feb]; 1[8]:32)
1909 (Oct 20): letter to DD from Dr. FB Webley of Santa Rosa
PHOTOGRAPH
CA (The Chiropractor Adjuster 1909 [Dec]; 1[7]:44)
1916 (May): review of Wilbert R. Gorby DC’s trial in OKCity, and 1921 (Mar 31): Articles of incorporation approved for Palmer
BJ’s reaction (Jackson, 1998) School of Chiropractic (formerly Palmer School & Infirmary of
Chiropractic) (Wiese, 1986)
1916 (Dec 15): according to the LA Crematorium’s records (&
letter from Jimmey Trujillo, Chapel of the Pines to Lawrence 1936 (Apr): The Chiropractic Journal (NCA) [5(4): 32] includes:
Siordia, dated 9/29/97) DD Palmer’s cremated remains are A Pioneer Speaks Out!
delivered to Mrs. D.D. Palmer From Alma C. Arnold, D.C., Author of "The Triangle of Health",
No. 9 West 67th Street, New York City.
1919 (Feb 22): Fountain Head News [A.C. 24] [8(24)] includes: Dear Dr. Rogers: I read the Chiropractic Journal from cover to cover
-BJ Palmer authors "A Bit of History" (pp. 5-6) and especially interesting is "The Voice of the Profession."
There's perhaps a bit of Chiropractic history which few know, Outstanding in the February number I find the opinion of Dr.
but worth reciting here only that it may be a matter of record as Blake D. Lewis. It is constructive criticism to which I can only add
showing the inclination toward a certain leaning thruout the years. a plea to find our "leader" in D.D. Palmer, the man who was fifty
There was a time when only D.D. Palmer knew Chiropractic. Of years ahead of his time. His book written in 1906, should be read
all the men in all the world, who knew the cause of disease, but one by every chirorpactor of today. In 1903 D.D. Palmer had no school
knew it and could use it. It had been for years his policy to let no but he had taught talented men like Langworthy.
one see him give an adjustment; no mother could see the child take I was fortunate enough to have been one of the first pupils of Dr.
one; no husband see his wife; no one patient see another. This one S.M. Langworthy's "American School of Chiropractic and Nature
man adjusted in the presence of no other. Cure." I can remember the names of two of my co-students: Drs.
It is a fact; that one day Father saw his patient "peeking" in a Birch and Brown whose title of Dr. preceded their D.C. ones.
mirror to see how it was done. The mirror was taken down at once We graduated in September, 1903, and I came east to start my
and women ever after dressed in mirrorless rooms. practice in this then new science.
Chiropractic could have been handed down as an heirloom; from Dr. Langworthy's two volumes on Modern Chiropractic,
father to son just as Sweet, the bone-setters, did; as Reese and other published in 1906, are dedicated:
expert manipulators have done or are doing. Think of what it meant "To the students of the first classes of the first chartered and
for one man to have the world sooner or later at his feet, begging to organized school of Chiropractice, who by their unflinching loyalty
get well; willing to pay any price to get tended to. and friendship sustained and encouraged us in the enunciation of
D.D. Palmer was that man. He knew what he had and he knew new truth and in the task which we took upon ourselves of placing
its commercial possibilities. The earliest words that I recall passing Chiropractice upon a truly scientific basis, this work is humbly
between father and myself were on the contention that it was wrong inscribed by their sincere friends.
to bottle Chiropractic up to the few. If it was what he claimed it, the (Signed) S.M. Langworthy
world needed it; needing it they must get it. Oakley Smith
It wasn't until years after, in fact, until we moved up on the hill Minora Paxson."
where we are now, that the open clinic and public demonstrations I am proud of my membership in that first class. I am also
became a fact. It was then that we, in reality, opened a school to proud to have brought the practice of the science east of Iowa, to
disseminate this information to the world. Washington, D.C. in 1903. I enclose herewith a list of famous men
It was the difference between secrecy (D.D. Palmer) and and women patients together with excerpts of their letters to me
publicity (B.J. Palmer) that our first family trouble occurred. And showing the results of my school curriculum.
trouble has been occurring ever since over the same contention. I After a few years of practice, I had discovered a thrust that
have always stood for a democratic, free, liberal, generous and moved every vertebra more or less painlessly, certainly without
public use of Chiropractic. There are other numerous D.D. Palmer's with shock to the patient, and I was honored by D.D. Palmer in his last
their secret policies in our ranks. book, published in 1910. On pages 767-774 and 781-782, he
This has been one of the open sores which has created me many dissects my letter written in answer to his inquiry about my work.
enemies. It made my father a dying enemy of mine. It split our own This eulogy of his confirms the foundation of the technique he had
family open. It has created many conservative gulfs between myself laid down.
and many graduates of ours and other schools who believe as did my Doctor Langworthy founded in 1906, the first "American
father. Its the difference between a selfish monetary view and the Chiropractic Association", and I wonder why this great pioneer has
open service, liberal view. been so utterly forgotten.
Taking Chiropractic out of private bondage and giving it public I was taught Dietetics and Hydrotherapy and am practicing
liberty is one of Dr. Carver's happenstances because my name was both. I found that I was able to replace the M.D. in every family
"Palmer;" but, Dr. Carver forgets that it could as well have been my with which I came in contact. I did then and still teach my patients
easy path to have inherited bondage and taken the single luxury as it how to take care of their and their family's minor ills. This quite
was to break the bondage, take the hard road and thus begin an naturally, sends all members of a family to me for skeletal
endless path of pennance that is nowheres near the end. Even as I adjustments. My work is truly prophylactic. I have held my
pass along now Dr. Ross piles on another load and other friends families as clients for as long as twenty-five years and they are
whom I have saved and sacrificed to help cast slurs about me thru "looked over" at intervals.
his Federation sheet - and this is the thanks I get for making it I use a flat bench and nothing but my hands. It is surprising
possible to give them all an easy living out of that which could have what a large practice does to a pair of hands in diagnosis of bones
been ALL mine as long as I lived and then have passed it on, and organs. Naturally, I should like X-rays of 'before' and 'after',
unmolested, to Daniel David. but I hesitate to glorify 'myself' through an additional expense to my
There are those who believe in dignity, reserve, secrecy, high- patient when I charge high fees.
brow, high-price stuff. There are those - and I lead them - who
D.D. Palmer's Lifeline Joseph C. Keating, Jr., Ph.D. 37
I would like to bring to the consideration of Chiropractic Mrs. David D. Palmer III is also
schools, this suggestion: that they cure their students as well as Agnes Mae High Palmer, D.C., H.D.C., F.I.C.A.,
teach them. Nothing attracts to quick success like a healthy body, from Italy I.A., M.A. Hou., MA.
good posture and consequent enthusiasm. Who was and is the only Grand-daughter-in-law of the discoverer of
I thank you, Dr. Rogers and staff, for the helpful, dignified Chiropractic, Dr. D.D. Palmer I; the only Daugher-in-law of the
magazine you are providing for our Great Science and am, owner of the Fountain Head of Chiropractic until her death in 1949 -
Yours for more and better work in our fraternity. Dr. Mabel Heath Palmer; and, the only Daugher-in-law of the
developer of Chiropractic, Dr. B.J. Palmer; and, who practiced
1959 (Sept): JNCA [29(9)] notes: Chiropractic in West Chester, PA from 1938 to 1943, and still
-"New York: Academy Annual Convention" (pp. 46-7): adjusts special people of her choice-freely. Reversing misalignment
The Academy of Chiropractic, Inc. held its annual convention on at bass of brain - foramen, atlas & axis.
June 7, 1959 in New York City. The Willard Carver symposium, It should interest you to know the real truth about the origin of
which was started in the May meeting, was carried over in this PSC and eventually PCC.
meeting as an extension of the year's theme: "Comprehensive In 1902, DD I and B.J. were so far in debt down at their
Doctor, Complete Patient, Effective Techniques." infirmary bottom of Brady St, that they could no longer get ny credit
Dr. Mortimer Levine, director of the department of anatomy of at any bank or grocery store. This is when B.J. married Mabel
the Chiropractic Institute of New York, president of its Alumni Heath. She took over the managing of the infirmary doing all the
Association, a leading exponent of the modern Carver work, and necessary duties of the housekeeping and cooking!!! all by herself at
widely known for his polio rehabilitation methods, based on the first, because the help had been stealing them blind.
Carver principles, was the speaker of the day. He covered his Her reputation and that of her family was the sole reason for her
subject in an extensive and expert lecture and demonstration being able to purchase the Peterson home and land top of Brady St.
presentation under the topic, "Carver's Contributions to Chiropractic She was the sole owner and business manager and teacher, after this
Skeletal Analysis and Demonstrations of Skeletal and Soft Tissue purchase which became the fountain head"top of Brady Hill." She
Techniques." was sole manager until, after many years, B.J.'s spending was too
A Carver letter written to Dr. George Adelman, of Brockton, Mass. much for her to curb, so she turned the management over to her
on 21, 1932, was read by the president, Dr. Riddett, as a prelude to relative - Frank Elliott. He did a fine job until B.J.'s spending was too
the lecture. This letter confirms the adjusting of the fourth dorsal by much for the bank and in 1929, the bank was going to foreclose.
Dr. D.D. Palmer, in the first chiropracti case, that of Harvey Lillard. However, Dave P. had just graduated from Wharton business of Un.
Dr. Carver indicates, however, that not only was the fourth dorsal of Penna. and he knew what to do. He went to the bank and secured
involved but the third and fifth dorsals were included in the area a comptroller, Bill Brandon who had control of B.J.'s budget!
disrelationship. This letter, a part of the Academy archives, which Without, Dr. Mabel there never would have been the PSC top of
will be released for pblic and professional promulgation, very Brady or even a fountain head anywhere for Chiropractic!! --
succinctly states the basic principles upon which all Carver work has because of the father & son fighting and spending!!! They needed
been built on a scientific foundation... Dr. Mabel desperately!! They never would have gotten anywhere -
only after B.J. married did D.D. start teaching.
1960 (Feb 14): TF Ratledge, residing at PO Box 101, El Dorado ___________________________________________
Springs MO, fills out form labeled “Committee on Chiropractic 1997 (Aug 18): letter from Robert Jackson DC, ND (DD file):
History, National Chiropractic Association”; committee Dear Friend Joe:
chairman I sLinnie A. Cale at 2619 Wilshire Blvd, LA (Shrader Apropos of your gathering DD Trivia, I hereby submit the
files) following documents for your file.
-TF notes there were 35-40 students in his class at 1. Palmer-Gregory Chiorpractic College -From Warden-Elbrights
Carver/Denny School in OkCity in 1907, including Fannie M. Oklahoma City directory 1908-09 we find the first Directory
Ratledge (his mother), Dr. Brown, Dr. Pennington, A.A. listing for the college, p. 631. Following the school’s name, there
Gregory is - (Inc) - leading the reader to think the school was a Chartered,
-indicates he knew DD Palmer during 1908-13; not sure if DD Incorporated legal entity. Address 411-18 Culberton Bldg. 30
taught at Rateldge College/LA during winter of 1911-12 or West Grand av.
winter of 1912-13 2. In the R.L. Polk & Co’s Business Directory for the State of OK -
-first met DD at Threadgill Hotel in OkCity; next saw him at 1909, p. 635 - Palmer Chiropractic College, 15 N Dewey; Palmer-
Palmer-Gregory Chiropractic College Gregory Chiropractic College at Rm 411, 30 W. Grand av. (No
-TF notes he “Was Colonel on personal Staff of C.N. Haskell, indication of Inc. given to either one)
First Governor of State of Oklahoma” 3. R.L. Polk & Co’s 1911-12 State Business Directory - p. 25-
Carver-Denny Chiropractic College, 322 1/2 N. Broadway [1/2
indicates up stairs]. Palmer-Gregory Chiropractic College, 5th
1995 (Oct 11): partially typed, partially handwritten letter from
flr. Campbell Bldg.
Agnes Mae High Palmer DC to "To Whom It Should Concern" on
4. Warden’s Oklahoma City Directory 1911-12 - p. 463 - Grebory
stationery of the Alpha Grand Chapter, Palmer College (in my
Alva A pres. Palmer-Gregory Chiropractic College r. 209
Palmer files):
Campbell Bldg.
Just now learning that some persons believe I was divorced from
5. Warden’s OKC Directory 1912-13 - p. 243 Gregory Alva
my husband, Dr. David Palmer's petition for divorce would have gone
physician r. 614 N. Harvey.
through if he had not died, make it very imperative that the legal
6. Worley-Friss Directory Oklahoma city 1915 - p. 387 - Gregory
proof of the truth be published for all time.
Alva chiropractor r. 1114 N. Hudson. (Palmer-Gregory
The enclosed copy of court record records the legal truth for all
Chiorpractic College not listed after 1912)
to see. However, many months before my husband, Dr. David Palmer,
7. OKC Dir. 1926 - Ad for Carver’s school - “Oldest Chartered
died, the presiding Judge Havercamp sent the final legal report to
Chiropractic College in the world.” (But we know this is not
me in which it stated, Dr. David D. Palmer "prayerfully" requested correct either)
dismissal of his petition for divorce from me, his wife.
Signed,
D.D. Palmer's Lifeline Joseph C. Keating, Jr., Ph.D. 38
I have checked with the OK Secretary of State, Corporations a corporation called - The D.D. Palmer School of Chiropractic,
Div. for a copy of the Palmer-Gregory Chiropractic College - Not to be located in Los Angeles, CA (no address given)
listed as an Incorporated legal entity. Then I asked for any Said school to be below the grade of a college or seminary, to
amendments to that Charter - they came up with Doc. 1 enclosed - teach the science of Chiropractic, to award diplomas to students
for PGCC and School of Physiotherapy, Inc. 9 Nov 1939. In this who satisfactorily complete the course of study (curriculum not
title it refers to PGCC, Inc. but in rechecking the records in Doc. 2 specified)
that school was never chartered, meaning any DC degree issued Plus the usual verbiage of what else the school might do -
would not be valid in 1922 when the first (CA) BCE began takking purchase properties, sell or lease, buy, sell, deal in copy-right books,
apps. for Exams, the Apps. would have had to graduate from a pamphlets, etc. and to publish same. Duration of corp. 50 yrs.
Incorporated school to apply. Now if that ain’t Trivia, pard, don’t Recorded in LA on said date - Sacramento on 26th #16819. Don’t
know wha’tis!! think this was ever operational? But a check of LA City Dirrectors
Bob 1914-15 might be interesting?
Got these in June 1996. I think I’m the only one who has these?
2. Recently wrote to IA Dept health, Vital Statistics for death certif.
for Villa, marriage of DD & Mary Hudler; death certificate for
Louvenia, marriage of DD & Martha A. Henning. Enclosed
$40 for search & copy of documents. Reply this day enclosed -
“Not entiled to information, as I specified on the applications it
is for historical research. So I cannot verify with any official
documents. Bummer! ’Cause I’m not a direct member of the
Palmer family.
All for now - I’ll have soon, my paper on the Odious Years of
D.D. if you would review for me? I have to cut out some to make
my 10 page limit - currently at 14 pages, I’ll see what I think I can
cut out, send to you and see what you think should be jetisoned?
Love Ya Buddy - Bob
___________________________________________
UNDATED:
1905 (Feb); 1(3):33 "Above is a reduced size cut of the Palmer 1905 (Oct); 1(11):12 "Graduating Class in Dissection."
School Diploma. The original is 17x22 inches, made from
lithograph drawing and printed." 1905 (Oct); 1(11):13 "J.L. Hively, D.O., Elkhart, Ind."
1905 (May); 1(6): inside front cover "The New Home of The 1905 (Oct); 1(11):24 "The above is our last class photo, they are
Palmer School and Infirmary of Chiropractic, 828 BRADY from left to right, standing: McBurney, D.O., Schwartz, D.O.,
STREET, DAVENPORT, IOWA." Horak, D.G.R., Wenzel, D.O.E. Faulkner, D.O.; setting, Dr.
D.D. Palmer, Discoverer and Developer of Chiropractic, B.J.
1905 (May); 1(6):8 "The above half tone is the last class picture, Palmer, D.C., Eklund." [see also September, 1905]
taken May 16, 1905. From left to right they are Dodd,
Schoffman, Dr. D.D. Palmer, Discoverer and Developer of 1906 (Jan); 2(2):1 "THE PALMER SCHOOL and INFIRMARY of
Chiropractic, Fancher, B.J. Palmer, D.C., Hammerle, Robb CHIROPRACTIC, ('Chiorpractic's Fountain Head'), 828
and French." BRADY STREET, DAVENPORT, IOWA, U.S.A."
1905 (Aug); 1(9):11 "UNSCIENTIFIC TOOLS - USED BY PSEUDO- 1906 (Jan); 2(2): "OUR YOUNGEST PATIENT. Born to Dr. and
CHIROPRACTORS. The above cut is of two pair of mallets and Mrs. B.J. Palmer, Jan. 12, '06, a boy. Named Daniel David
chisels used by pseudo-chiros to drive protruding spines into Palmer, Junior, a grandson and namesake of D.D. Palmer. It
line. Such tools were never Chiropractic. They are relics of is needless to say that this advent, in a measure, accounts for
the past." the lack of the Immortality article in this issue."
1905 (Aug); 1(9):16 Palmer family crest 1906 (June); 2(7):20 "The above represents some of the
P.S.C.'s earlier graduates. 1st row on left, above downward:
1905 (Sept); 1(10):14 "The above is our last class photo, they Raymond '01, Simon '99, Baker '96; 2d row, Christianson
are from left to right, standing: McBurney, D.O., Schwartz, 1900, Dr. D.D. Palmer, Discoverer and Developer of
D.O., Horak, D.G.R., Wenzel, D.O.E., Faulkner, D.O.; setting, Chiropractic, Brown, M.D., '99; 3rd row, Miss Murchison '02,
Dr. D.D. Palmer, Discoverer and Developer of Chiropractic, B.J. Palmer, D.C., Sec. The P.S.C.; 4th row, Stouder '01,
B.J. Palmer, D.C., Eklund." [see also October, 1905] Schooley '02, Graham '99."
*Palmer BJ. Does Willard Carver tell the truth? Fountain Head News, Saturday, November 22, A.C. 25 [1919]; 9(10):1-2
________________________________________________________________________________________
D.D. Palmer's Lifeline Joseph C. Keating, Jr., Ph.D. 41
D.D. Palmer's Lifeline Joseph C. Keating, Jr., Ph.D. 42