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    Early Civilizations in Palawan - Lesson 2.1

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    Pyro Villanueva
    The document provides an overview of the early civilizations and inhabitants of Palawan, Philippines. It discusses the various migration waves that brought different ethnic groups to the islands, including the Dawnmen, Negritoes, Indonesians, and Malays. It also examines the early relationships and cultural influences of traders from India, China, Japan, and Arabia who established contact with communities in Palawan and other parts of the Philippines through trade. The pre-colonial culture is then briefly outlined, before discussing the arrival and goals of the Spanish colonizers in the 16th century.

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    Early Civilizations in Palawan - Lesson 2.1

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    Pyro Villanueva
    170 views33 pages
    The document provides an overview of the early civilizations and inhabitants of Palawan, Philippines. It discusses the various migration waves that brought different ethnic groups to the islands, including the Dawnmen, Negritoes, Indonesians, and Malays. It also examines the early relationships and cultural influences of traders from India, China, Japan, and Arabia who established contact with communities in Palawan and other parts of the Philippines through trade. The pre-colonial culture is then briefly outlined, before discussing the arrival and goals of the Spanish colonizers in the 16th century.

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    Early Civilizations in Palawan- Lesson 2.1

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    The document provides an overview of the early civilizations and inhabitants of Palawan, Philippines. It discusses the various migration waves that brought different ethnic groups to the islands, including the Dawnmen, Negritoes, Indonesians, and Malays. It also examines the early relationships and cultural influences of traders from India, China, Japan, and Arabia who established contact with communities in Palawan and other parts of the Philippines through trade. The pre-colonial culture is then briefly outlined, before discussing the arrival and goals of the Spanish colonizers in the 16th century.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    170 views33 pages

    Early Civilizations in Palawan - Lesson 2.1

    Uploaded by

    Pyro Villanueva
    The document provides an overview of the early civilizations and inhabitants of Palawan, Philippines. It discusses the various migration waves that brought different ethnic groups to the islands, including the Dawnmen, Negritoes, Indonesians, and Malays. It also examines the early relationships and cultural influences of traders from India, China, Japan, and Arabia who established contact with communities in Palawan and other parts of the Philippines through trade. The pre-colonial culture is then briefly outlined, before discussing the arrival and goals of the Spanish colonizers in the 16th century.

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    of 33

    Palawan History

    The Early Civilizations in Palawan


    History defined
    • “Pagsasalaysay ng salaysay ng may saysay”
    -Ambeth Ocampo

    • Sources of knowledge in History:


    1. Material objects and cultures
    • Example: artifacts, religion
    2. Written materials
    • Example: books, telegrams
    Origin of Names
    Palawan
    • Chinese:
    ▫ Palau-yu
    • Spanish:
    ▫ Paragua
    • American:
    ▫ Palawan
    Who are the
    Inhabitants of
    Palawan?
    Malayans?
    (Theory of Land
    Bridges)

    Dawnmen?
    (Tabon Cave Civilization)
    (Dewil Valley, Illi Caves)
    First Filipinos
    Many historians and scientists believe that the
    first inhabitants of the Philippine islands
    emerged during the Pleistocene period.
    There are two theories on where the
    inhabitants (first Filipinos) came from namely:
    Beyer’s “Migration Theory” and Jocano’s
    “Evolution Theory”.
    Noted social scientist Henry Otley Beyer
    believes that Filipinos descended from
    different groups that came from Southeast
    Asia in successive waves of migration.
    Each group had a distinct culture, with it’s own
    customs and traditions. While Jocano believes
    that Asians, including Filipinos are the result of
    a lengthy process of evolution and migration.
    Migration Theory

    The first migrants were what Beyer


    caked the “Dawnmen” (or “cavemen”
    because they lived in caves.). The
    Dawnmen resembled Java
    Man, Peking Man, and other Asian
    Home sapiens who existed about
    250,000 years ago. They did not have
    any knowledge of agriculture, and
    lived by hunting and fishing. It was
    precisely in search of food that they
    came to the Philippines by way of the
    land bridges that connected the
    Philippines and Indonesia. Owing
    perhaps to their migratory nature,
    they eventually left the Philippines for
    destinations unknown.
    Migration Theory

    The second group of migrants was composed of


    dark-skinned pygmies called “Aetas’ or
    “Negritoes”. About 30,000 years ago, they
    crossed the land bridged from Malaya, Borneo,
    and Australia until they reached Palawan, Mindoro
    and Mindanao. They were pygmies who went
    around practically naked and were good at
    hunting, fishing and food gathering. They used
    spears and small flint stones weapons.

    The Aetas were already in the Philippines when


    the land bridges disappeared due to the thinning
    of the ice glaciers and the subsequent increase in
    seawater level. This natural events “forced” them
    to remain in the country and become its first
    permanent inhabitants.
    Migration Theory
    Because of the disappearance of the
    land bridges, the third wave of
    migrants was necessarily skilled in
    seafaring. These were the
    Indonesians, who came to the
    islands in boats. They were more
    advanced than the Aetas in that:
    they had tools made out of stone and
    steel, which enabled them to build
    sturdier houses: they engaged in
    farming and mining, and used
    materials made of brass; they wore
    clothing and other body ornaments.
    Migration Theory
    • Last to migrate to the Philippines,
    according to Beyer, were Malays. They
    were believed to have come from Java,
    Sumatra, Borneo, and the Malay
    Peninsula more than 2,000 years ago.
    Like the Indonesians, they also traveled
    in boats.

    • The Malays were brown-skinned and of


    medium height, with straight black hair
    and flat noses. Their technology was said
    to be more advanced than that of their
    predecessors. They engaged in pottery,
    weaving, jewelry making and metal
    smelting, and introduced the irrigation
    system in rice planting.
    CLASSICAL PERIOD

    During the same period, trade relations become of


    trend and intermarriages among the natives and
    foreign traders such as the Chinese, Japanese, Arab,
    and the Hindu have also become common. The
    mixing of races resulted in a distinct breed of peoples
    in Palawan that may be characterized by both
    physical stature and feature.
    Early Relation with the Indian (Hindu)

    • Orang Dampuans or Men of Champa Southern Annam came to the


    southern past of the Philippines between 900 and 1200 AD where they
    established trading posts in Sulu.
    • Men of Banjars from Banjarrmasin, Borneo succeded in putting Sulu under
    their influence through diplomatic coup. Sulu developed into an emporium.
    • Trade with Siam and Tokin developed in the middle of 14 th century in which
    they exchanged their porcelain products for Philippine native wares.
    Hindus
    1. More than 40% of the words are
    from Sanskrit words
    2. Idea of wearing Barong
    Tagalog
    3. Superstitious beliefs
    4. Veil – Cord in wedding
    5. Giving of Garlands
    6. Hinduism Features
    a) Magic
    b) Karma
    c) Yoga
    d) Reincarnation
    Early Relation with the Chinese

    • Trade with Chinese started in the 10th century and reached its zenith in
    the 14th and 15th centuries.
    • Chinese writer Chao Ju-Kua Sometime in 1209 and 1214, described the
    Chines trade with Ma-I (presumably Mindoro) and praised the honesty if
    the Filpinos.
    Relation with the Indians and the Chinese

    • Early Chinese trading junks brought goods and immigrants


    to the Philippines
    • Under Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), China exercised
    suzerainty over the Philippines, and some of the Filipinos
    paid tribute to China
    • Early relationship with other Asian nations
    and their influences to Filipinos:
    Chinese

    1. Business

    2. Frugality and Gambling

    3. Food, Names and Words

    4. Use of Slippers and Umbrellas

    5. White Clothes while Mowing (crying ladies)


    6. Jars, Porcelain, Gongs, Gold as Jewelries
    7. Very-Very Close to Family Ties
    (a.) Choosing the Future Partners of the Children;
    (b.) Even Courses – What to take
    8. Pseudo-Science Techniques
    a) Numerology
    b) Palmistry
    c) Feng shui
    Early Relation with the Japanese

    • Japanese pirates (wako),


    Kingdom builders, and
    settlers had come to
    Luzon before and
    immediately after the
    Spanish colonization.
    • Japanese traders,
    especially from Nagazaki
    frequently bartered
    goods for Filipino gold,
    pearls, and native
    earthen jars.
    • Early relationship with other Asian nations
    and their influences to Filipinos:
    Japanese

    1. Making of jewelry and swords

    2. Tanning deer skin

    3. Artificial duck and fish breeding

    4. Exportation of eggs and dried fish

    5. Values (like
    Matapat,matiisin,Malikhain)
    Early Relation with the Arab

    • In 1380, according to the tarsilas (Muslim chronicle), the


    Arab missionary-scholar Sharif Makhdoom landed in Sulu
    and there laid the foundation of Islam in the Philippines
    • In 1390, Raja Baginda, prince of Menankabaw, Sumatra,
    led an army of Muslim invaders to Sulu, and overcame
    native opposition with firearms.
    Early Relation with the Arab

    • The Arab traders brought their metals and


    cloth in the Philippines and traded them
    with Philippine products like spices, logs,
    and other products.
    • Early relationship with other Asian nations
    and their influences to Filipinos:
    Arabs
    1. Islam

    2. Sultanate Government (Balangay)

    3. Words, Names and Menu

    4. Use of Perfumes

    5. Wearing Patajong

    6. Magical-Heroic Stories

    7. Music, Arts and Dances

    8. Idea that women should stay in the


    house

    9. Arabic Number, 1-9


    Pre-colonial Culture
    • Economic Life
    • Houses
    • Manner of Dressing and social classes
    Government and Laws
    • Religion
    • Education
    • Role of women
    • Courtship and marriage
    • The coming of the Spaniards to the Philippines

    Why?

    • To comply with the 3 G’s [ God (religion), Gold


    (money), and Glory (fame)]
    • The sending of expeditions
    • Was there a Colonization and Conversion
    into Catholicism right in 1521?

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