Table of Contents

 *PYMH4EGOEKI  
1.1 Introduction.................................................................................. 7
1.2 Fluid Packages Tab..................................................................... 8
1.3 Adding a Fluid Package - Quick Start.......................................... 9
1.4 Fluid Package Property View .................................................... 10

 ,]TSXLIXMGEPW  
2.1 Hypo Manager ........................................................................... 62
2.2 Adding a Hypothetical - Quick Start........................................... 63
2.3 Creating a Hypo Group.............................................................. 69
2.4 Hypothetical Component Property View.................................... 80
2.5 Solid Hypotheticals .................................................................... 88
2.6 Cloning Library Components ..................................................... 92
2.7 Hypo Controls............................................................................ 94
2.8 References ................................................................................ 95

 3MP1EREKIV  
3.1 Quick Start 1............................................................................ 100
3.2 Quick Start 2 - Sulfur Curve..................................................... 113
3.3 Introduction.............................................................................. 118
3.4 Petroleum Fluids Characterization Procedure......................... 122
3.5 Oil Characterization View ........................................................ 126
3.6 Characterizing Assays............................................................. 128
3.7 Pseudo Component Generation .............................................. 149
3.8 User Property .......................................................................... 162
3.9 Correlations and Installation .................................................... 165
3.10 References .............................................................................. 171

iii
 6IEGXMSR1EREKIV  
4.1 Quick Start................................................................................ 4-3
4.2 Reaction Component Selection ................................................ 4-7
4.3 Reactions................................................................................ 4-11
4.4 Reaction Sets ......................................................................... 4-35

 9WIV4VSTIVXMIW  

5.1 User Property Tab .................................................................... 5-3
5.2 User Property View................................................................... 5-4

% 4VSTIVX]1IXLSHWERH'EPGYPEXMSRW%
A.1 Selecting Property Methods .....................................................A-3
A.2 Property Methods .....................................................................A-8
A.3 Enthalpy and Entropy Departure Calculations........................A-41
A.4 Physical and Transport Properties .........................................A-48
A.5 Volumetric Flow Rate Calculations.........................................A-54
A.6 Flash Calculations ..................................................................A-59
A.7 References .............................................................................A-66

& 4IXVSPIYQ1IXLSHW'SVVIPEXMSRW &

B.1 Characterization Method ..........................................................B-3

-RHI\ -

iv
 Fluid Package 1-5

1 Fluid Package

1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 7

1.2 Fluid Packages Tab ...................................................................................... 8

1.3 Adding a Fluid Package - Quick Start ........................................................ 9

1.4 Fluid Package Property View .................................................................... 10

1.4.1 Property Package Tab.............................................................................11
1.4.2 Components Tab .................................................................................... 20
1.4.3 Parameters Tab...................................................................................... 31
1.4.4 Binary Coefficients Tab .......................................................................... 35
1.4.5 Stability Test Tab .................................................................................... 38
1.4.6 Reactions Tab ........................................................................................ 42
1.4.7 Tabular Tab ............................................................................................ 42
1.4.8 Notes Tab ............................................................................................... 57

1-5
1-6

1-6
 Fluid Package 1-7

 -RXVSHYGXMSR
-R,=7=7EPPRIGIWWEV]MRJSVQEXMSRTIVXEMRMRKXSTYVIGSQTSRIRX
JPEWLERHTL]WMGEPTVSTIVX]GEPGYPEXMSRWMWGSRXEMRIH[MXLMRXLI*PYMH
4EGOEKI8LMWETTVSEGLEPPS[W]SYXSHIJMRIEPPXLIVIUYMVIH
MRJSVQEXMSRMRWMHIEWMRKPIIRXMX]8LIVIEVIJSYVOI]EHZERXEKIWXSXLMW
ETTVSEGL

• All associated information is defined in a single location,

allowing for easy creation and modification of the information.
• Fluid Packages can be exported and imported as completely
defined packages for use in any simulation.
• Fluid Packages can be cloned, which simplifies the task of
making small changes to a complex Fluid Package.
• Multiple Fluid Packages can be used in the same simulation;
however, they are all defined inside the common Simulation
Basis Manager.

-RXLMWGLETXIVEPPMRJSVQEXMSRGSRGIVRMRKXLI*PYMH4EGOEKI[MPPFI
GSZIVIH%HIWGVMTXMSR[MPPFIKMZIRJSVXLI Fluid PkgsXEFSJXLI
Simulation Basis ManagerZMI[8LIFEWMGTVSGIHYVIJSVGVIEXMRKE
*PYMH4EGOEKI[MPPEPWSFISYXPMRIH*MREPP]HIXEMPWJSVIEGLXEFSJXLI
Fluid PackageTVSTIVX]ZMI[[MPPFITVSZMHIH[LMGLMRGPYHIW

• Property Package
• Components
• Parameters
• Binary Coefficients
• Stability Test
• Reactions
• Tabular
• Notes

1-7
1-8 Fluid Packages Tab

 *PYMH4EGOEKIW8EF
You must define a Fluid 8LIJMVWXXEFSJXLISimulation Basis ManagerZMI[MWXLI*PYMH
Package prior to entering the
Main Build Environment.
4EGOEKIWFluid PkgsXEF;LIR]SYGVIEXIE2I['EWI,=7=7
HMWTPE]WXLI Fluid PkgsXEFEWWLS[RFIPS[

Figure 1.1

When a New Case is created,

only the Add and Import -RXLICurrent Fluid PackagesKVSYTXLIVIEVIWM\FYXXSRWXLEXEPPS[
buttons are available.
]SYXSSVKERM^IEPP*PYMH4EGOEKIWJSVXLIGYVVIRXGEWI

Button Description
This is only active when a Fluid Package exists in the case. It
Refer to Section 1.4 - Fluid
View allows you to view the property view for the selected Fluid
Package Property View for Package.
details on what information
you can edit by pressing the Add Allows you to install a new Fluid Package into the case.
View button. Allows you to delete a Fluid Package from the case. When you
Delete delete a Fluid Package, HYSYS displays a warning, and asks
you to verify that you want to delete the package.
Makes a copy of the selected fluid package. Everything is
Copy identical in this copied version, except the name. This is a
useful tool for modifying fluid packages.
Allows you to import a pre-defined Fluid Package from disk.
Import
Fluid Packages have the file extension .fpk.
Allows you to export the selected Fluid Package (*.fpk) to disk.
For details concerning the
Export The exported Fluid Package can be retrieved into another
importing and exporting case, by using its Import function.
functionality, refer to Section
4.6 - Exporting/Importing
Workbook Tabs of the User 8LIFlowsheet - Fluid Pkg AssociationsKVSYTPMWXWIEGL*PS[WLIIXMR
Guide.
XLIGYVVIRXWMQYPEXMSREPSRK[MXLMXWEWWSGMEXIH*PYMH4EGOEKI=SYGER
GLERKIXLIEWWSGMEXMSRWFIX[IIR*PS[WLIIXWERH*PYMH4EGOEKIWMRXLMW
PSGEXMSR=SYGEREPWSWTIGMJ][LMGL*PYMH4EGOEKI[MPPEGXEWXLI

1-8
 Fluid Package 1-9

(IJEYPX*PYMH4EGOEKIF]QEOMRKEWIPIGXMSRMRDefault Fluid Pkg HVST

HS[R,=7=7EYXSQEXMGEPP]EWWMKRWXLI(IJEYPX*PYMH4EGOEKIXSIEGL
RI[7YF*PS[WLIIXGVIEXIHMRXLIWMQYPEXMSR

 %HHMRKE*PYMH
4EGOEKI5YMGO7XEVX
;LIR]SYTVIWWXLIAddFYXXSRJVSQXLISimulation Basis Manager
ZMI[,=7=7STIRWXLIFluid PackageTVSTIVX]ZMI[XSXLIProp Pkg
XEF

Figure 1.2

A complete description of each 8LISVHIVSJXLIXEFWMRXLI Fluid PackageTVSTIVX]ZMI[EVIXMIHXSXLI

page of the Fluid Package
property view is given in WIUYIRGISJHIJMRMRKE*PYMH4EGOEKIMR,=7=7
Section 1.4 - Fluid Package
Property View. • On the Prop Pkg tab, select a Property Package for the case
from the Base Property Package Selection group. You can
filter the list of Property Packages by selecting a radio button in
the Property Pkg Filter group.
• Depending on the Property Package chosen, you may need to
specify additional information, such as the Enthalpy and
Vapour Model, Poynting Correction factor, etc.
• From the Components tab, you can add library and
hypothetical components to the Fluid Package. Select the
components for the case.
• Depending on the Property Package chosen you may need to
supply additional information based on the selected
components. This is done on the Parameters tab.

1-9
1-10 Fluid Package Property View

• Move to the Binary Coeffs tab and if necessary, specify the

binary coefficients. As an alternative to supplying binaries, you
may wish to have estimates made for the chosen components.
• If necessary, instruct HYSYS how to perform Phase Stability
tests as part of the flash calculations on the Stab Test tab.
Refer to Chapter 4 - Reaction
Manager for information on • Define any reactions and reaction sets for the fluid package or
the Reaction Manager. access the Reaction Manager on the Rxns tab.
• On the Tabular tab, you can access the Tabular Package for
the equation based representation of targeted properties.
• The final tab of the Fluid Package property view is the Notes
tab, on which you can supply descriptive notes regarding the
new Fluid Package.

 *PYMH4EGOEKI
4VSTIVX]:MI[
8LIFluid PackageTVSTIVX]ZMI[GSRWMWXWSJERYQFIVSJXEFW%QSRK
XLIWIXEFWMWEPPXLIMRJSVQEXMSRTIVXEMRMRKXSXLITEVXMGYPEV*PYMH
4EGOEKI%XXLIFSXXSQSJXLIFluid PackageTVSTIVX]ZMI[XLIVIEVI
JSYVMXIQWXLEXEVIHMWTPE]IHVIKEVHPIWWSJ[LMGLXEFMWGYVVIRXP]WLS[R

Figure 1.3
Additional information may be displayed in this space
depending on the Property Package selection.

Removes the Fluid Package from You can input a name The selected base
the case. You must confirm that you for the Fluid Package Property Package type is
wish to delete the Fluid Package in this cell. shown in this status bar.

1-10
 Fluid Package 1-11

 4VSTIVX]4EGOEKI8EF
8LI4VSTIVX]4EGOEKIProp PkgXEFMWXLIJMVWXXEFSJXLIFluid Package
TVSTIVX]ZMI[;LIR]SYGVIEXIERI[*PYMH4EGOEKIEZMI[EWWLS[R
MRFigure 1.4[MPPETTIEV8LIProp PkgXEFGSRXEMRWX[SKVSYTW[LMGL
EVIZMWMFPIEXEPPXMQIWBase Property Package SelectionERH
Component Selection Control3RGIE4VSTIVX]4EGOEKIMWWIPIGXIH
EHHMXMSREPMRJSVQEXMSRERHSTXMSRWQE]FIHMWTPE]IHXSXLIVMKLXSJXLI
Base Property Package SelectionKVSYT8LIMRJSVQEXMSRXLEXMW
HMWTPE]IHMWHITIRHIRXSRXLIWIPIGXIH4VSTIVX]4EGOEKI

8LIJSPPS[MRKWIGXMSRW[MPPTVSZMHIERSZIVZMI[SJXLIZEVMSYW4VSTIVX]
4EGOEKIWEW[IPPEWHIXEMPWSRXLIZEVMSYWKVSYTWXLEXETTIEVSRXLI
Prop PkgXEF

&EWI4VSTIVX]7IPIGXMSR
-RXLIBase Property SelectionKVSYT]SYLEZIEGGIWWXSXLIPMWXSJEPP
XLI4VSTIVX]1IXLSHWEZEMPEFPIMR,=7=7ERHXSXLIProperty Pkg*MPXIV
KVSYT

8LIProperty Pkg FilterEPPS[W]SYXSJMPXIVXLIPMWXSJEZEMPEFPITVSTIVX]

QIXLSHWFEWIHSRXLIJSPPS[MRKGVMXIVME

Filter Description
All All the Property Packages appear in the list.
EOSs Only Equations of State appear in the list.
Activity Models Only Liquid Activity Models appear in the list.
Chao Seader Only Chao Seader based Semi Empirical methods
Models are displayed.
Vapour Pressure Vapour pressure K-value models are shown in the
Models list.
Miscellaneous Models that do not fit into any of the above 4
Types categories (i.e. excluding All) are displayed.

*SVQSVIHIXEMPIHMRJSVQEXMSREFSYXXLI4VSTIVX]4EGOEKIWEZEMPEFPIMR
,=7=7VIJIVXSAppendix A-Property Methods and Calculations

1-11
1-12 Fluid Package Property View

)UYEXMSRWSJ7XEXI

*SVSMPKEWERHTIXVSGLIQMGEPETTPMGEXMSRWXLI4IRK6SFMRWSR
)UYEXMSRSJ7XEXI46MWKIRIVEPP]XLIVIGSQQIRHIHTVSTIVX]TEGOEKI
,]TVSXIGLkWIRLERGIQIRXWXSXLMWIUYEXMSRSJWXEXIIREFPIMXXSFI
EGGYVEXIJSVEZEVMIX]SJW]WXIQWSZIVE[MHIVERKISJGSRHMXMSRW-X
VMKSVSYWP]WSPZIWQSWXWMRKPITLEWIX[STLEWIERHXLVIITLEWI
W]WXIQW[MXLELMKLHIKVIISJIJJMGMIRG]ERHVIPMEFMPMX]

%PPIUYEXMSRSJWXEXIQIXLSHWERHXLIMVWTIGMJMGETTPMGEXMSRWEVI
HIWGVMFIHFIPS[

EOS Description
This model is a modification of the original SRK equation
of state, enhanced to improve the vapour-liquid-liquid
Kabadi Danner
equilibria calculations for water-hydrocarbon systems,
particularly in dilute regions.
Lee-Kesler This model is the most accurate general method for non-
Plocker polar substances and mixtures.
This model is ideal for VLE calculations as well as
calculating liquid densities for hydrocarbon systems.
Several enhancements to the original PR model have
been made to extend its range of applicability and to
Peng Robinson
improve its predictions for some non-ideal systems.
However, in situations where highly non-ideal systems
are encountered, the use of Activity Models is
recommended.
This is a two-fold modification of the PR equation of state
PRSV that extends the application of the original PR method for
moderately non-ideal systems.
In many cases it provides comparable results to PR, but
SRK its range of application is significantly more limited. This
method is not as reliable for non-ideal systems.
Combines the PR equation of state and Wilson’s API-
Sour PR
Sour Model for handling sour water systems.
Combines the Soave Redlich Kwong and Wilson’s API-
Sour SRK
Sour Model.
Modification of the Redlich Kwong equation of state. This
Zudkevitch model has been enhanced for better prediction of vapour
Joffee liquid equilibria for hydrocarbon systems, and systems
containing Hydrogen.

%GXMZMX]1SHIPW

%PXLSYKL)UYEXMSRSJ7XEXIQSHIPWLEZITVSZIRXSFIZIV]VIPMEFPIMR
TVIHMGXMRKXLITVSTIVXMIWSJQSWXL]HVSGEVFSRFEWIHJPYMHWSZIVE[MHI
VERKISJSTIVEXMRKGSRHMXMSRWXLIMVETTPMGEXMSRLEWFIIRPMQMXIHXS
TVMQEVMP]RSRTSPEVSVWPMKLXP]TSPEVGSQTSRIRXW,MKLP]RSRMHIEP
W]WXIQWEVIFIWXQSHIPPIHYWMRK%GXMZMX]1SHIPW

1-12
 Fluid Package 1-13

8LIJSPPS[MRK%GXMZMX]1SHIP4VSTIVX]4EGOEKIWEVIEZEMPEFPI

Activity Model Description

Provides a consistent framework for applying existing
Chien Null Activity Models on a binary by binary basis. It allows you
to select the best Activity Model for each pair in your case.
This variation of the NRTL model allows you to input
values for the Aij, Bij, Cij, Alp1ij and Alp2ij parameters used
in defining the component activity coefficients. Apply this
model to systems:
Extended NRTL
• with a wide boiling point range between components.
• where you require simultaneous solution of VLE and
LLE, and there exists a wide boiling point range or
concentration range between components.
This variation of the NRTL model allows you to select the
equation format for equation parameters: τ and α. Apply
this model to systems:
General NRTL • with a wide boiling point range between components.
• where you require simultaneous solution of VLE and
LLE, and there exists a wide boiling point or
concentration range between components.
This was the first Gibbs excess energy representation
developed. The equation does not have any theoretical
Margules
basis, but is useful for quick estimates and data
interpolation.
This is an extension of the Wilson equation. It uses
statistical mechanics and the liquid cell theory to
NRTL
represent the liquid structure. It is capable of representing
VLE, LLE, and VLLE phase behaviour.
Uses statistical mechanics and the quasi-chemical theory
of Guggenheim to represent the liquid structure. The
UNIQUAC equation is capable of representing LLE, VLE, and VLLE
with accuracy comparable to the NRTL equation, but
without the need for a non-randomness factor.
This equation fits many systems quite well, particularly for
LLE component distributions. It can be used for systems
that exhibit positive or negative deviations from Raoult's
van Laar
Law, however, it cannot predict maxima or minima in the
activity coefficient. Therefore it generally performs poorly
for systems with halogenated hydrocarbons and alcohols.
First activity coefficient equation to use the local
composition model to derive the Gibbs Excess energy
expression. It offers a thermodynamically consistent
Wilson
approach to predicting multi-component behaviour from
regressed binary equilibrium data. However the Wilson
model cannot be used for systems with two liquid phases.

1-13
1-14 Fluid Package Property View

'LES7IEHIV1SHIPW

8LI'LES7IEHIVERH+VE]WSR7XVIIHQIXLSHWEVISPHIVWIQM
IQTMVMGEPQIXLSHW8LI+VE]WSR7XVIIHGSVVIPEXMSRMWERI\XIRWMSRSJ
XLI'LES7IEHIVQIXLSH[MXLWTIGMEPIQTLEWMWSRL]HVSKIR3RP]XLI
IUYMPMFVMYQHEXETVSHYGIHF]XLIWIGSVVIPEXMSRWMWYWIHF],=7=78LI
0II/IWPIVQIXLSHMWYWIHJSVPMUYMHERHZETSYVIRXLEPTMIWERH
IRXVSTMIW

Chao Seader
Description
Model
Use this method for heavy hydrocarbons, where the
Chao Seader pressure is less than 10342 kPa (1500 psia), and
temperatures range between -17.78 and 260 °C (0-500 °F).
Recommended for simulating heavy hydrocarbon systems
Grayson Streed
with a high hydrogen content.

:ETSYV4VIWWYVI1SHIPW
:ETSYV4VIWWYVI/ZEPYIQSHIPWQE]FIYWIHJSVMHIEPQM\XYVIWEXPS[
TVIWWYVIW-HIEPQM\XYVIWMRGPYHIL]HVSGEVFSRW]WXIQWERHQM\XYVIW
WYGLEWOIXSRIWERHEPGSLSPW[LIVIXLIPMUYMHTLEWIFILEZMSYVMW
ETTVS\MQEXIP]MHIEP8LIQSHIPWQE]EPWSFIYWIHEWJMVWX
ETTVS\MQEXMSRWJSVRSRMHIEPW]WXIQW

Vapour Pressure
Description
Models
This model is applicable for low pressure systems that
Antoine
behave ideally.
This model is strictly applicable to heavy hydrocarbon
systems at low pressures. The model employs the Braun
Braun K10 convergence pressure method, where, given the normal
boiling point of a component, the K-value is calculated at
system temperature and 10 psia (68.95 kPa).
This model is strictly applicable to hydrocarbon systems at
Esso Tabular low pressures. The model employs a modification of the
Maxwell-Bonnel vapour pressure model.

1-14
 Fluid Package 1-15

1MWGIPPERISYW

8LI1MWGIPPERISYWKVSYTGSRXEMRW4VSTIVX]4EGOEKIWXLEXEVIYRMUYI
ERHHSRSXJMXMRXSXLIKVSYTWTVIZMSYWP]QIRXMSRIH

Property
Amines is an optional Description
Package
Property Package. Contact
your Hyprotech representative Contains thermodynamic models developed by D.B.
for further information. Robinson & Associates for their proprietary amine plant
Amine Pkg
simulator, AMSIM. You can use this property package for
amine plant simulations with HYSYS.
Restricted to a single component, namely H2O. Uses the
ASME Steam
ASME 1967 Steam Tables.
Restricted to a single component, namely H2O. Utilizes the
NBS Steam
NBS 1984 Steam Tables.
This is a modified version of the original Benedict/Webb/
Rubin equation. This 32-term equation of state model is
MBWR
applicable for only a specific set of components and
operating conditions.

'SQTSRIRX7IPIGXMSR'SRXVSP
8LMWKVSYTGSRXEMRWX[SVEHMSFYXXSRW[LMGLHIEP[MXLGSQTSRIRX
WIPIGXMSR,=7=7QERMTYPEXIWXLIGSQTSRIRXPMWXSRXLIComponents
XEFEGGSVHMRKXSXLIVEHMSFYXXSRWIPIGXMSR

Filter Description
Only Property When this option is chosen, HYSYS will only display (in the
Package component list) components that are compatible with the
Compatible chosen property package.
Components
This option will display all the components in the HYSYS
Full Pure library regardless of the property package chosen. On the
Component Components tab, an ‘x’ will be shown beside each
Library component that HYSYS does not recommend for the
chosen property package.

1-15
1-16 Fluid Package Property View

,=7=7HSIWRSXTVSZMHIE[EVRMRK[LIR]SYEHHRSR
VIGSQQIRHIHGSQTSRIRXWXSETVSTIVX]TEGOEKI,S[IZIV
]SYGERGLIGOXSWIIMJER]SJ]SYVGSQTSRIRXWEVIRSX
VIGSQQIRHIH7MQTP]WIPIGXERI[TVSTIVX]TEGOEKIERHXLIR
VIXYVRXSXLITVSTIVX]TEGOEKI[LMGL]SY[IVISVMKMREPP]YWMRK
-JER]SJXLIGSQTSRIRXWEVIRSXVIGSQQIRHIHJSVYWI[MXL
XLITVSTIVX]TEGOEKIXLIComponents Not Recommended for
Property PackageHMEPSK[MPPETTIEVWIIXLIWarning
MessagesWIGXMSR

;EVRMRK1IWWEKIW
8LIVIEVIX[SHMJJIVIRX[EVRMRKHMEPSKW[LMGL]SYQE]IRGSYRXIV
[LMPIQEOMRKQERMTYPEXMSRWXSE*PYMH4EGOEKI8LIWIWMXYEXMSRW[MPP
EVMWI[LIRGSQTSRIRXWLEZIFIIRMRWXEPPIHMRXSXLI*PYMH4EGOEKIERH
]SY[MWLXSWIPIGXERI[TVSTIVX]TEGOEKI8LIWIPIGXIHGSQTSRIRXW
QE]IMXLIVFIRSXVIGSQQIRHIHSVMRGSQTEXMFPI[MXLXLIRI[
TVSTIVX]TEGOEKIWIPIGXMSR

8LIJMVWXHMEPSKMRZSPZIWXLIYWISJNon-Recommended GSQTSRIRXW-R
,=7=7]SYGERWIPIGXGSQTSRIRXWXLEXEVIRSXVIGSQQIRHIHJSVYWI
[MXLXLIGYVVIRXTVSTIVX]TEGOEKI-J]SYXV]XSW[MXGLXSERSXLIV
TVSTIVX]TEGOEKIJSV[LMGLXLIGSQTSRIRXWEVIRSXVIGSQQIRHIHXLI
JSPPS[MRKHMEPSK[MPPETTIEV

Figure 1.4

Object Description
Not The non-recommended components are listed in this
Recommended group.

1-16
 Fluid Package 1-17

Object Description
Desired Prop This field initially displays the Property Package for which
Pkg the listed components are Not Recommended.
This field is also a drop down list of all available Property
Packages so you may make an alternate selection without
returning to the Fluid Package property view.
Action This group box contains 2 radio buttons:
• Delete Components - This option removes incompatible
components from the Fluid Package.
• Keep Components - This option keeps the components in
the Fluid Package.
OK This button accepts the Desired Prop Pkg with the
appropriate Action.
Cancel Press this button to return to the Prop Pkg tab.

8LIWIGSRHHMEPSKMRZSPZIWXLIYWISJIncompatibleGSQTSRIRXW-J]SY
XV]XSW[MXGLXSETVSTIVX]TEGOEKIJSV[LMGLXLIGSQTSRIRXWEVI
MRGSQTEXMFPIXLIJSPPS[MRKHMEPSK[MPPETTIEV

Figure 1.5

Object Description
Incompatible The incompatible components are listed in this group.
Components
Desired Prop This field initially displays the Property Package for which
Pkg the listed components are Incompatible.
This field is also a drop down list of all available Property
Packages so you may make an alternate selection without
returning to the Fluid Package property view.
OK This button accepts the Desired Prop Pkg with the
appropriate Action (i.e. delete the incompatible
components).
Cancel Press this button to keep the current Property Package

1-17
1-18 Fluid Package Property View

%HHMXMSREP4VSTIVX]4EGOEKI3TXMSRW
;LIR]SYLEZIWIPIGXIHE4VSTIVX]4EGOEKIEHHMXMSREPMRJSVQEXMSR
ERHSTXMSRWQE]FIHMWTPE]IHSRXLIVMKLXWMHISJXLIProp Pkg XEF8LMW
MRJSVQEXMSRMWHMVIGXP]VIPEXIHXSXLI4VSTIVX]4EGOEKI8]TIWIPIGXIH

-RXLMWWIGXMSRXLIEHHMXMSREPMRJSVQEXMSR[LMGLETTIEVW[MXLXLI
TVSTIVX]QIXLSHWIPIGXMSR[MPPFIHMWGYWWIH8LIX[SKVSYTW[LMGL]SY
[MPPIRGSYRXIVEVIXLIEOS Enthalpy Method SpecificationERHXLI
Activity Model SpecificationKVSYTW

)37)RXLEPT]1IXLSH7TIGMJMGEXMSR

Figure 1.6

8LILee-Kesler Plocker 0/4ERHZudkevitch Joffee>.4VSTIVX]

4EGOEKIWFSXLYWIXLI0II/IWPIVIRXLEPT]QIXLSH=SYGERRSXGLERKI
XLIIRXLEPT]QIXLSHJSVIMXLIVSJXLIWI)UYEXMSRWSJ7XEXIMIFigure
1.6[MPPRSXETTIEV

;MXLER]SXLIV)UYEXMSRSJ7XEXI]SYLEZIEGLSMGIJSVXLIIRXLEPT]
QIXLSH8LIWEQIGLSMGIWEVIEPWSEZEMPEFPIJSVXLI%QMRI4VSTIVX]
4EGOEKI

8LIIRXLEPT]QIXLSHGLSMGIWEVI

Enthalpy
Description
Method
Lee-Kesler enthalpies may be
slightly more accurate for Equation of With this radio button selection, the enthalpy method
heavy hydrocarbon systems, State contained within the Equation of State is used.
but require more computer
The Lee-Kesler method is used for the calculation of
resources because a separate enthalpies. This option results in a combined Property
model must be solved. Package, employing the appropriate equation of state for
vapour-liquid equilibrium calculations and the Lee-Kesler
Lee-Kesler
equation for the calculation of enthalpies and entropies.
This method yields comparable results to HYSYS’
standard equations of state and has identical ranges of
applicability.

1-18
 Fluid Package 1-19

%GXMZMX]1SHIP7TIGMJMGEXMSRW

Figure 1.7

8LIActivity Model SpecificationKVSYTETTIEVWJSVIEGLEGXMZMX]

QSHIP8LIVIEVIXLVIIWTIGMJMGEXMSRMXIQW[MXLMRXLMWKVSYT

%GXMZMX]1SHIPWSRP]TIVJSVQGEPGYPEXMSRWJSVXLIPMUYMHTLEWIXLYW
]SYEVIVIUYMVIHXSWTIGMJ]XLIQIXLSHXSFIYWIHJSVWSPZMRKXLI
ZETSYVTLEWI8LIJMVWXMRTYXMRXLIActivity Model Specifications
KVSYTEPPS[WJSVXLIWIPIGXMSRSJEVapour Model

8LIZETSYVTLEWIQSHIPGLSMGIWEVIEGGIWWIHZMEXLIHVSTHS[RPMWXMR
XLI)HMX&EV

Vapour Phase
Description
Models
This is the HYSYS default. It applies for cases in which
Ideal
you are operating at low or moderate pressures.
This is the generalized Redlich Kwong cubic equation of
RK state. It is based on reduced temperature and reduced
pressure, and is generally applicable to all gases.
This option enables you to better model the vapour phase
fugacities of systems that display strong vapour phase
interactions. Typically this occurs in systems containing
Virial
carboxylic acids, or other compounds that have the
tendency to form stable hydrogen bonds in the vapour
phase.
This option uses the Peng Robinson EOS to model the
PR vapour phase. Use this option for all situations to which
PR is applicable.
This option uses the Soave Redlich Kwong EOS to model
SRK the vapour phase. Use this option for all situations to
which SRK is applicable.

8LIWIGSRHMRTYXMRXLIActivity Model SpecificationsKVSYTMWXLI

UNIFAC Estimation Temp8LMWMWXLIXIQTIVEXYVIXLEX[MPPFIYWIHJSV
IWXMQEXMRKMRXIVEGXMSRTEVEQIXIVWYWMRKXLI92-*%'QIXLSH8LI
HIJEYPXZEPYIMWš'FYXF]WIPIGXMRKEXIQTIVEXYVI[LMGLMWGPSWIVXS
]SYVERXMGMTEXIHSTIVEXMRKGSRHMXMSRWFIXXIVVIWYPXWWLSYPHSGGYV

8LIXLMVHMRTYXMRXLMWKVSYTMWEGLIGOFS\JSV4S]RXMRK'SVVIGXMSR
8LMWGLIGOFS\XSKKPIWXLI4S]RXMRKGSVVIGXMSRJEGXSV[LMGLF]HIJEYPX

1-19
1-20 Fluid Package Property View

MWEGXMZEXIH8LIGSVVIGXMSRJEGXSVMWSRP]EZEMPEFPIJSV:ETSYV4LEWI
QSHIPWSXLIVXLER-HIEP+EW8LIGSVVIGXMSRJEGXSVYWIWIEGL
GSQTSRIRXkWQSPEVZSPYQIPMUYMHTLEWIMRXLIGEPGYPEXMSRSJXLI
SZIVEPPGSQTVIWWMFMPMX]JEGXSV

 'SQTSRIRXW8EF
8LIComponentsXEFMR,=7=7LEWFIIRHIWMKRIHXSWMQTPMJ]EHHMRK
GSQTSRIRXWXSEGEWI%GGIWWMWTVSZMHIHXSEPP0MFVEV]GSQTSRIRXW
[MXLMR,=7=7ERHXSHIJMRIH,]TSXLIXMGEPW3RXLMWXEF]SYGEREHH
GSQTSRIRXWEW[IPPEWZMI[XLIMVTVSTIVXMIW8LIComponentsXEFMW
WIGXMSRIHMRXSXLICurrent Component ListKVSYTERHXLI
Components AvailableFrom The Pure Component LibraryKVSYT
'SQTSRIRXWEVIWIPIGXIHMRXLI%ZEMPEFPIWIGXMSRERHQSZIHXSXLI
Current Component List

8LIHMWTPE]SJXLIComponentsXEF[MPPZEV]EGGSVHMRKXSXLIVEHMS
FYXXSRWIPIGXMSRMRXLIAdd CompsKVSYT%HMJJIVIRXZMI[[MPPETTIEV
HITIRHMRKSR[LIXLIV]SYEVIEHHMRKLibrarySVHypothetical
GSQTSRIRXW

Figure 1.8

%HHMRK0MFVEV]'SQTSRIRXW
8LIZMI[WLS[RTVIZMSYWP]MWXLISRI[LMGL]SY[MPPIRGSYRXIV[LIR
]SYEVIEHHMRK0MFVEV]GSQTSRIRXWXSXLI*PYMH4EGOEKI8LI0MFVEV]
VEHMSFYXXSRQYWXFIWIPIGXIHMRXLIAdd CompsKVSYT

1-20
 Fluid Package 1-21

8LIVIEVIX[SQEMRKVSYTW[MXLMRXLMWZMI[

'YVVIRX'SQTSRIRX0MWX+VSYT
;MXLMRXLICurrent Components ListKVSYTXLIVIEVIZEVMSYWJYRGXMSRW
[LMGLEPPS[]SYXSQERMTYPEXIXLIPMWXSJWIPIGXIHGSQTSRIRXWJSVXLI
*PYMH4EGOEKI

Figure 1.9

Object Description
Current Contains all the currently installed components.
Component
List
View Comp Accesses the selected component’s property view.
The selection of one of these radio button determines the
Library/
type of components which will be displayed in the
Hypothetical Components/Hypotheticals Available group.
Adds the highlighted component(s) from the
Add Pure Components Available group to the Current
Component List.
Swaps the highlighted current components with the
Substitute
highlighted available component.
Deletes the highlighted component from the Current
Remove Comp
Component List.
Accesses the Move Components dialog, from which you
Sort List
can re-order the current component list.

;LIRWYFWXMXYXMRKGSQTSRIRXW,=7=7VITPEGIWXLI
GSQTSRIRXXLVSYKLSYXXLIGEWIMIEPPWTIGMJMGEXMSRWJSVXLI
SPHGSQTSRIRXEVIXVERWJIVVIHXSXLIRI[GSQTSRIRX
,S[IZIVXLIWYFWXMXYXMSRJYRGXMSRHSIWRSXEYXSQEXMGEPP]
LERHPIGSQTSRIRXW[LMGLEVITEVXSJE6IEGXMSR

1-21
1-22 Fluid Package Property View

'SQTSRIRXW%ZEMPEFPI*VSQ8LI4YVI'SQTSRIRX
0MFVEV]+VSYT
;MXLMRXLIComponents Available From The Pure Component Library
KVSYTXLIVIEVIWIZIVEPJIEXYVIWHIWMKRIHXSQEOIXLIWIPIGXMSRSJ
GSQTSRIRXWEWIJJMGMIRXERHGSRZIRMIRXEWTSWWMFPI

Figure 1.10

Object Description
Contains all components available in HYSYS. (An
Available
Component List
¶;· denotes components which are not compatible
with selected Property Package.)
As you type in this cell, HYSYS filters the component
Match list in order to locate the component that best
matches your current input.
This check box when activated uses the selections in
Use Filter the Family Filter view to reduce the list of
components.
This check box activates the Family Filter view
Family Filter
which filters the component list by chemical group.
SimName\ FullName These three radio buttons determine the context of
(Synonym)\ Formula your input in the Match cell.
When this check box is activated HYSYS includes
Show Synonyms
known synonyms for each component in the list.
This check box is available only when the Show
Synonyms check box is activated. By activating the
Cluster Cluster check box, all synonyms are indented and
listed below the component name. Otherwise, the
synonyms appear alphabetically throughout the list.

3RP]0MFVEV]GSQTSRIRXWXLEXEVIVIGSQQIRHIHJSVXLI
GYVVIRXTVSTIVX]TEGOEKIEVIHMWTPE]IHYRPIWWXLIFull Pure
Component LibraryVEHMSFYXXSRMWWIPIGXIHSRXLIProp Pkg
XEF

1-22
 Fluid Package 1-23

*EQMP]*MPXIV

8LIFamily FilterMWEJIEXYVIMR,=7=7XLEXJMPXIVWXLIPMWXSJEZEMPEFPI
GSQTSRIRXWXSSRP]XLSWIFIPSRKMRKXSEWTIGMJMGJEQMP]8LIUse Filter
GLIGOFS\PSGEXIHSRXLIComponents XEFSJXLIFluid Package
TVSTIVX]ZMI[XSKKPIWXLI*MPXIVSTXMSR3RERH3JJ

Figure 1.11

8LIFamily Filter[LMGLMWEGGIWWIHZMEXLIFamily Filter FYXXSRMWE

JPSEXMRKPMWX&]HIJEYPXEPPGLIGOFS\IWMRXLI*EQMP]*MPXIVEVI
HIEGXMZEXIH=SYGERMHIRXMJ][LMGLJEQMPMIWWLSYPHFIMRGPYHIHMRXLI
PMWXSJEZEMPEFPIGSQTSRIRXWF]WIPIGXMRKXLIHIWMVIHGLIGOFS\IW8LI
AllFYXXSREGXMZEXIWEPPGLIGOFS\IWERHXLIInvert FYXXSRXSKKPIWXLI
WXEXYWSJIEGLGLIGOFS\MRHMZMHYEPP]*SVMRWXERGIMJ]SYLEHEGXMZEXIH
EPPSJXLIGLIGOFS\IWERHXLIR[ERXIHXSUYMGOP]HIEGXMZEXIXLIQ]SY
GSYPHWMQTP]TVIWWXLIInvertFYXXSR-J]SYSRP]LEHXLI,]HVSGEVFSRW
ERHXLI7SPMHWSTXMSRWEGXMZEXIHERH]SYTVIWWIHXLI-RZIVXFYXXSR
XLIWIX[SSTXMSRW[SYPHFIGSQIHIEGXMZEXIHERHXLIVIQEMRMRK
STXMSRWEGXMZEXIH

7IPIGXMRK0MFVEV]'SQTSRIRXW
%WQIRXMSRIHTVIZMSYWP]PMFVEV]GSQTSRIRXWEVIWIPIGXIHJVSQXLI
Components Available From The Pure Component LibraryKVSYTERH
Whenever a component(s) is TPEGIHMRXLICurrent Component ListKVSYT8LIVIEVIQER][E]WMR
highlighted in the Available
List, selecting the Add Pure [LMGL]SYGERWIPIGXGSQTSRIRXWJSVE*PYMH4EGOEKI3RGI]SY
button moves it to the Current FIGSQIJEQMPMEV[MXLXLIHMJJIVIRXEZEMPEFPIQIXLSHWJSVGSQTSRIRX
Component List. WIPIGXMSR]SY[MPPFIEFPIXSGLSSWIXLITVSGIHYVI[LMGL]SYJMRHQSWX
GSRZIRMIRX

1-23
1-24 Fluid Package Property View

8LITVSGIWWSJEHHMRKGSQTSRIRXWJVSQXLIGSQTSRIRXPMFVEV]XSXLI
Current ComponentList GERFIHMZMHIHMRXSXLVIIWYFTVSGIWWIW&]
ZMWYEPM^MRKXLITVSGIWWSJGSQTSRIRXWIPIGXMSRMRXLMW[E]]SY[MPPFI
QEHIE[EVISJEPPXLIEZEMPEFPITSWWMFMPMXMIWSJJIVIHF],=7=7=SYGER
XLIREHSTXXLIQSWXPSKMGEPERHIJJMGMIRXETTVSEGLXSYWIIEGLXMQI]SY
FYMPHEGEWI

*SVGSQTSRIRXEHHMXMSRXSXLI*PYMH4EGOEKI]SYWLSYPHHSXLI
JSPPS[MRK

 *MPXIVXLIPMFVEV]PMWX
 7IPIGXXLIHIWMVIHGSQTSRIRXW
 8VERWJIVXLIGSQTSRIRXWXSXLICurrent Component List

*MPXIVMRKXLI'SQTSRIRX0MWX
%VIGSQQIRHIHTVEGXMGIJSVGSQTSRIRXWIPIGXMSRMWXLIYWISJXLI
EZEMPEFPIXSSPW[LMGL,=7=7TVSZMHIWJSVJMPXIVMRKXLIGSQTSRIRX
PMFVEV]8LMW[MPPREVVS[XLIWIPIGXMSRVERKIERHEPPS[]SYXSETTP]SRI
SJXLIZEVMSYWQIXLSHWJSVXVERWJIVVMRKXLIWIPIGXMSRWXSXLICurrent
Component List

8LIVIEVIJSYVEZEMPEFPIXSSPW[LMGL[MPPJMPXIVXLIPMWXMRXLI
Components Available From The Pure Component LibraryKVSYT

8LIJMPXIVMRKXSSPWGERFIYWIHMRHITIRHIRXP]SVMRGSQFMREXMSR

Filtering Tool Description

Filters the list according to your selection of component
families. (Refer to the subsection, Components
Family Filter
Available From The Pure Component Library Group
for details.)
Show Component synonyms appear alphabetically throughout
Synonyms the list when this check box is activated.
The Cluster check box is available only when the Show
Synonyms check box is activated and Match input field
Cluster is empty. By activating the Cluster check box, all
synonyms are indented and listed below the component
name.
This input cell allows type-matching of the component
Match
simulation name, full name, synonym or formula.

&]YWMRKXLIMatchMRTYXGIPP]SYGEREGGIWWER]GSQTSRIRX[MXLMR
XLI,=7=7PMFVEV]XLEXMWEGGIWWMFPIYRHIVXLIGYVVIRXP]WIPIGXIH
4VSTIVX]4EGOEKI=SYGERQEOIXLIMatchJMIPHEGXMZIF]WIPIGXMRKMXSV
F]YWMRKXLI<Alt><M>LSXOI]

1-24
 Fluid Package 1-25

8LIMatchMRTYXGIPPEGGITXWOI]FSEVHMRTYXERHMWYWIHF],=7=7XS
PSGEXIXLIGSQTSRIRXMRXLIGYVVIRXPMWX[LMGLFIWXQEXGLIW]SYV
MRTYX8LIJMVWXGLEVEGXIVSJXLIJMPXIVIHGSQTSRIRXREQIWQYWXEKVII
[MXLJMVWXGLEVEGXIVSJXLIPMWXIHGSQTSRIRXREQI7YFWIUYIRX
GLEVEGXIVWMRXLIMatchGIPPQYWXETTIEVWSQI[LIVIMRIEGLPMWXIH
GSQTSRIRXREQI%W[IPPXLISVHIVSJXLIMRTYXGLEVEGXIVWQYWXFI
LSRSYVIH3XLIVXLERXLIJMVWXGLEVEGXIVER]RYQFIVSJYRQEXGLIH
GLEVEGXIVWGERETTIEV[MXLMRXLIREQIWSJXLIPMWXIHGSQTSRIRXW

;LIRXV]MRKXS1EXGLEGSQTSRIRX,=7=7WIEVGLIWXLIGSQTSRIRX
GSPYQRMRXLIPMWXJSV[LMGLIZIVVEHMSFYXXSRMWWIPIGXIH

Radio Button Description

This option matches the text entered into the Match input
SimName
to the name used within the simulation.
FullName/ This option may match the components full name or a
Synonym synonym of the SimName. It is typically a longer name.
Use this option when you are not sure of the library name,
Formula
but know the formula of the component.

7YTTSWIXLIGSQTSRIRX]SY[ERXXSEHHMW;EXIV&IKMRF]X]TMRKH2
MRXLIMatchGIPP

Figure 1.12

Remember, as you are typing

into the Match cell, HYSYS
lists the components matching
what you have presently ,=7=7JMPXIVWXLIPMWXSJAvailable ComponentsXSSRP]XLSWIXLEXQEXGL
typed. You may not have to ]SYVGYVVIRXMRTYXWXVMRK8LIJMVWXGSQTSRIRXMRXLIPMWXH2MWER
type the complete name or
formula before it becomes I\EGXQEXGLSJ]SYVGYVVIRXMRTYXERHXLIVIJSVIMWLMKLPMKLXIH2SXMGI
visible in the filtered XLEX,3MWEZEMPEFPIMRXLIPMWXIZIRXLSYKL]SYLEZIIRXIVIHSRP],
component list.

1-25
1-26 Fluid Package Property View

7MRGI,]HVSKIRMWRSXXLIGSQTSRIRXSJGLSMGI]SYGERGSRXMRYIXS
VIHYGIXLIPMWXSJEZEMPEFPIPMFVEV]GSQTSRIRXSTXMSRWF]X]TMRKMRXLI
GLEVEGXIVOEJXIVXLIH2MRXLIMatchGIPP

7IPIGXMRKXLI'SQTSRIRXW
3RGIXLIPMWXSJ0MFVEV]'SQTSRIRXWLEWFIIRJMPXIVIH]SYWLSYPHFI
Multiple selections can be EFPIXSWIIXLIHIWMVIHGSQTSRIRXEQSRKXLIHMWTPE]IHGSQTSRIRXW
made from the list of Library =SYGERRS[YWISRISJXLIQIXLSHWEZEMPEFPIXSLMKLPMKLXXLI
Components. Refer to Section GSQTSRIRXWSJGLSMGI
1.1.9 - Selecting Items of the
HYSYS User Guide for details
on the technique. Selection
Description
Method
Place the cursor over the desired component and press
Mouse
the primary mouse button.
Use the <Tab> key or <Shift><Tab> combination to
Keyboard
move the active location into the list of components.

;LIRIZIVXLIPMWXSJGSQTSRIRXWMWJMPXIVIHXLILMKLPMKLXMWTPEGIHSR
XLIJMVWXGSQTSRIRXMRXLIVIHYGIHPMWX-J]SYYWIXLIOI]FSEVH
GSQQERHWXSEGGIWWXLIPMWXSJGSQTSRIRXW]SYQE]LEZIXSQSZIXLI
LMKLPMKLXMJXLIJMVWXGSQTSRIRXMWRSXXLIHIWMVIHSRI

8SQSZIXLVSYKLXLIComponents Available From The Pure

Component LibraryKVSYTYWISRISJXLIJSPPS[MRKQIXLSHW

Method Description
Move the highlight up or down one line in the component
Arrow Keys
list.
<PageUp>/ Use these keyboard keys to move through the list an
<PageDown> entire page at a time.
The <Home> key moves to the start of the list and the
<Home>/<End>
<End> key moves to the end of the list.
With the mouse, use the scroll bar to move up and down
Scroll Bar
through the list.

8VERWJIVVMRKXLI'SQTSRIRXW
3RGIXLI0MFVEV]'SQTSRIRXPMWXLEWFIIRJMPXIVIHERHXLIHIWMVIH
GSQTSRIRXWLMKLPMKLXIH]SYGERXVERWJIVXLIWIPIGXMSRWXSXLI
Current Component List9WISRISJXLIJSPPS[MRKQIXLSHW

• Press the Add Pure button.

• Press the <Enter> key.

1-26
 Fluid Package 1-27

• Double click with the primary mouse button on the highlighted

item. This option works only for a single component selection.

1ERMTYPEXMRKXLI'YVVIRX'SQTSRIRX0MWX
3RGI]SYLEZIEHHIHGSQTSRIRXWXSXLICurrent Component List
XLIVIEVIEJI[XLMRKW]SYGERHSXSXLIGSQTSRIRXWMRXLIPMWX8LMW
MRGPYHIWVIQSZMRKVITPEGMRKWSVXMRKERHZMI[MRKGSQTSRIRXW

8SHIQSRWXVEXIXLIQERMTYPEXMSRJYRGXMSRWXLICurrent Component
ListKVSYTWLS[RFIPS[[MPPFIYWIHJSVVIJIVIRGITYVTSWIW

Figure 1.13

6IQSZMRK7IPIGXIH'SQTSRIRXW
=SYGERVIQSZIER]GSQTSRIRXWJVSQXLICurrent Component List

 ,MKLPMKLXXLIGSQTSRIRXW]SY[MWLXSHIPIXI
 4VIWWXLIRemoveFYXXSRSVYWIXLI<Delete>OI]

*SV0MFVEV]GSQTSRIRXW,=7=7VIQSZIWXLIGSQTSRIRXWJVSQXLI
Refer to Chapter 2 -
Hypotheticals for details on Current Component ListERHTPEGIWMXMRMXWETTVSTVMEXIWTSXMRXLI
Hypothetical components. Available ComponentPMWX7MRGI,]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXWEVIWLEVIH
EQSRK*PYMH4EGOEKIWXLIVIMWRSEGXYEPXVERWJIVFIX[IIRXLIPMWXWMI
8LI,]TSEP[E]WETTIEVWMRXLI%ZEMPEFPIKVSYTIZIR[LIRMXMWPMWXIH
MRXLICurrent Component List

You can only substitute one

7YFWXMXYXMRK'SQTSRIRXW
component at a time. Even
though HYSYS allows you to ;LIRWYFWXMXYXMRKGSQTSRIRXW,=7=7VITPEGIWXLIGSQTSRIRX
highlight multiple XLVSYKLSYXXLIGEWIMIEPPWTIGMJMGEXMSRWJSVXLISPHGSQTSRIRXEVI
components, the substitution XVERWJIVVIHXSXLIRI[GSQTSRIRX,S[IZIVXLIWYFWXMXYXMSRJYRGXMSR
only involves the first
HSIWRSXEYXSQEXMGEPP]LERHPIGSQTSRIRXW[LMGLEVITEVXSJE
highlighted component.
6IEGXMSR

1-27
1-28 Fluid Package Property View

=SYGERWYFWXMXYXIEGSQTSRIRXMRXLICurrent Component List[MXL

SRIMRXLIAvailable ComponentPMWXF]YWMRKXLIJSPPS[MRKTVSGIHYVI

 *VSQXLICurrent Component ListLMKLPMKLXXLIGSQTSRIRX]SY

[ERXXSVIQSZI
 -RXLIAvailable ComponentPMWXLMKLPMKLXXLIGSQTSRIRXXS
WYFWXMXYXI
 4VIWWXLISubstituteFYXXSR
 8LIVIQSZIHGSQTSRIRXMWVIXYVRIHXSXLIAvailable Component
PMWXERHXLIWYFWXMXYXIHGSQTSRIRXMWTPEGIHMRXLICurrent
Component List

7SVXMRKE'SQTSRIRX0MWX
;LIRXLIVIEVIGSQTSRIRXWMRXLICurrent Component ListKVSYT]SY
GERYWIXLI7SVX0MWXSTXMSRXSVIEVVERKIXLIGSQTSRIRXSVHIV

Figure 1.14

;I[MPPYWIXLIZMI[WLS[RMRFigure 1.14XSMPPYWXVEXIXLIWSVXMRK
TVSGIHYVI

 4VIWWXLISort ListFYXXSR8LIMove ComponentsHMEPSKETTIEVW

 *VSQXLIComponent(s) to MoveKVSYTWIPIGXXLIGSQTSRIRX]SY
[ERXXSQSZI-RXLMWI\EQTPI[ILEZIWIPIGXIHMethane
 *VSQXLIInsert BeforeKVSYTLMKLPMKLXXLIGSQTSRIRXFIJSVI
[LMGL1IXLERI[MPPQSZI-RXLMWGEWIPropaneLEWFIIR
LMKLPMKLXIH

1-28
 Fluid Package 1-29

 4VIWWXLIMoveFYXXSRXSGSQTPIXIXLIQSZI1IXLERI[MPPFI
You can highlight and move MRWIVXIHFIJSVI4VSTERIMRXLI'SQTSRIRX0MWX8LYW)XLERIMW
multiple components. JSVGIHXSXLIXSTSJXLIPMWXJSPPS[IHF]1IXLERI4VSTERIERHR
&YXERI
 ;LIR]SYLEZIGSQTPIXIHXLIWSVXMRKTVIWWXLICloseFYXXSRXS
VIXYVRXSXLIComponentsXEF

:MI[MRK'SQTSRIRXW
You can examine the property
view for any component in the 3RGIEGSQTSRIRXMWEHHIHXSXLICurrent Component ListXLIView
Current Component List by CompFYXXSRFIGSQIWEGXMZI8LIView CompFYXXSREGGIWWIWXLI
double clicking on the
component. Pure ComponentTVSTIVX]ZMI[JSVEWIPIGXIHGSQTSRIRX

*SVI\EQTPIWIPIGXMRK1IXLERIERHTVIWWMRKXLIView CompFYXXSR
[MPPSTIRXLIJSPPS[MRKTVSTIVX]ZMI[

Figure 1.15

Note that you can only view

library components. If you
wish to make modifications to
a library component, clone it
into a hypothetical.

Refer to Section 2.4 -

Hypothetical Component
Property View for details on
%HHMRK,]TSXLIXMGEP'SQTSRIRXW
the various Component
property view tabs. ,]TSXLIXMGEPWGERFIEHHIHXSE*PYMH4EGOEKIZMEXLIComponentsXEF
-RXLIAdd CompsKVSYTWIPIGXXLIHypothetical VEHMSFYXXSR8LI
Components XEFMWVIHVE[R[MXLMRJSVQEXMSRETTVSTVMEXIXSXLI
EHHMXMSRSJ,]TSXLIXMGEPW

1-29
1-30 Fluid Package Property View

Figure 1.16

7SQISJXLIJIEXYVIWSRXLIComponentsXEFEVIGSQQSRXSFSXLXLI
WIPIGXMSRSJ,]TSXLIXMGEPWERH0MFVEV]GSQTSRIRXW

Object Description
Adds all the Hypothetical components in the current
Add Group selection in the Hypo Group list box current to the current
component list.
Adds the currently selected Hypothetical in the Hypo
Add Hypo
Component list box to the Current Component List.
Displays all the Hypo Groups available to the Fluid
Hypo Group
Package.
Hypo Displays all the Hypothetical components contained in the
Components currently selected Hypo Group.
Accesses the Hypotheticals tab of the Simulation Basis
Quick Access
Manager, from which you can create, view or edit
to Hypo Mgr Hypotheticals.

Quick Create A A short-cut for creating a regular Hypothetical component

and adds it to the currently selected Hypo Group and
Hypo Comp
opens its property view.
A short-cut for creating a solid Hypothetical component
Quick Create A
and adds it to the currently selected Hypo Group and
Solid Hypo
opens its property view.

;LMPI]SYGEREHH,]TSWXSE*PYMH4EGOEKIJVSQXLI
ComponentsXEFXLMWMWQIVIP]EWLSVXGYX8SEGGIWWEPP
JIEXYVIWHYVMRKXLIGVIEXMSRSJ,]TSXLIXMGEPWERH,]TSXLIXMGEP
KVSYTW]SYWLSYPHEGGIWWXLIHypotheticalsXEFSJXLI
Simulation Basis Manager

1-30
 Fluid Package 1-31

 4EVEQIXIVW8EF
8LIMRJSVQEXMSRERHSTXMSRWHMWTPE]IHSRXLIParametersXEFMW
HITIRHIRXSRXLIProperty PackageWIPIGXMSR7SQI4VSTIVX]4EGOEKIW
[MPPLEZIRSXLMRKSRXLIParametersXEF[LMPISXLIVWHMWTPE]
EHHMXMSREPMRJSVQEXMSRVIUYMVIH8LSWI4VSTIVX]4EGOEKIW[LMGLLEZI
MRJSVQEXMSRSRXLIParametersXEFEVIQIRXMSRIHMRXLMWWIGXMSR

-JEZEPYILEWFIIRIWXMQEXIHF],=7=7MX[MPPFIMRHMGEXIHMRVIHERH
[MPPFIQSHMJMEFPI

/EFEHM(ERRIV
8LI/EFEHM(ERRIV4VSTIVX]4EGOEKIYWIWEGroup Parameter [LMGL
EVIEYXSQEXMGEPP]GEPGYPEXIHF],=7=78LIZEPYIWEVIKIRIVEXIHJVSQ
8[YkWQIXLSH

Figure 1.17

4IRK6SFMRWSR7XV]NIO:IVE467:
467:YWIWERIQTMVMGEPJEGXSVKappaJSVJMXXMRKTYVIGSQTSRIRX
ZETSYVTVIWWYVIW

Figure 1.18

1-31
1-32 Fluid Package Property View

>YHOIZMXGL.SJJII
8LMW4VSTIVX]4EGOEKIYWIWEb zero Parameter,=7=7WIXWXLIb zero
TEVEQIXIVSJXLI>.IUYEXMSRXSFI^IVS

Figure 1.19

'LMIR2YPP
8LI'LMIR2YPPQSHIPTVSZMHIWEGSRWMWXIRXJVEQI[SVOJSVETTP]MRK
HMJJIVIRXEGXMZMX]QSHIPWSREFMREV]F]FMREV]FEWMW3RXLI
ParametersXEF]SYGERWTIGMJ]XLI%GXMZMX]1SHIPXSFIYWIHJSVIEGL
GSQTSRIRXTEMVEW[IPPEWX[SEHHMXMSREPTYVIGSQTSRIRXTEVEQIXIVW
VIUYMVIHF]XLIQSHIP

8LIVIEVIX[SKVSYTWTVIWIRXSRXLIParametersXEFJSVXLI'LMIR2YPP
TVSTIVX]TEGOEKI

'LMIR2YPP'SQTSRIRX4EVEQIXIVW
:EPYIWJSVXLISolubility ERHMolar Volume[MPPFIHMWTPE]IHJSVIEGL
PMFVEV]GSQTSRIRXERHIWXMQEXIHJSVL]TSXLIXMGEPW

Figure 1.20

1-32
 Fluid Package 1-33

8LI1SPEV:SPYQITEVEQIXIVMWYWIHF]XLIRegular SolutionTSVXMSR
SJXLI'LMIR2YPPIUYEXMSR8LI6IKYPEV7SPYXMSRMWER%GXMZMX]1SHIP
GLSMGIJSV&MREV]TEMVGSQTYXEXMSRWWIIXLIJSPPS[MRKWIGXMSR

'LMIR2YPP&MREV]'SQTSRIRX4EVEQIXIVW
%PPXLIGSQTSRIRXWMRXLIGEWIMRGPYHMRKL]TSXLIXMGEPWEVIPMWXIHMR
XLIQEXVM\=SYGERZMI[HIXEMPWJSVXLIPMUYMHERHZETSYVTLEWI
GEPGYPEXMSRWVIWTIGXMZIP]F]WIPIGXMRKXLIETTVSTVMEXIVEHMSFYXXSRLiq
Activity ModelsSVVirial Coefficients

Figure 1.21

The Property Packages

available in the drop down list
are: &]WIPIGXMRKXLILiq Activity ModelsVEHMSFYXXSR]SYGERWTIGMJ]XLI
None Required %GXMZMX]1SHIPXLEX,=7=7[MPPYWIJSVXLIGEPGYPEXMSRSJIEGLFMREV]
Henry 8LIQEXVM\HMWTPE]WXLIHIJEYPXTVSTIVX]TEGOEKIQIXLSHGLSWIRF]
van Laar ,=7=7JSVIEGLFMREV]TEMV8LIGLSMGIWEVIEGGIWWIHF]LMKLPMKLXMRKE
Margules GIPPERHSTIRMRKXLIHVSTHS[RPMWXMRXLI)HMX&EV-J,IRV]kW0E[MW
NRTL ETTPMGEFPIXSEGSQTSRIRXTEMV,=7=7[MPPGLSSWIXLMWEWXLIHIJEYPX
Scatchard TVSTIVX]QIXLSH;LIRHenry’s LawMWWIPIGXIHF],=7=7]SYGERRSX
Reg Soln QSHMJ]XLIQSHIPJSVXLIFMREV]TEMV
General
-RXLIEFSZIZMI[2680[EWWIPIGXIHEWXLIHIJEYPXTVSTIVX]TEGOEKI
JSVEPPXLIFMREV]TEMVW=SYGERYWIXLIHIJEYPXWIPIGXMSRWSV]SYGERWIX
XLITVSTIVX]TEGOEKIJSVIEGLFMREV]TEMV6IQIQFIVXLEXXLIGLSWIR
QIXLSHETTIEVWMRFSXLGIPPWVITVIWIRXMRKXLIFMREV]

,=7=7QE]JMPXIVXLIPMWXSJSTXMSRWEGGSVHMRKXSXLIGSQTSRIRXW
MRZSPZIHMRXLIFMREV]TEMV

&]WIPIGXMRKXLIVirial CoefficientsVEHMSFYXXSR]SYGERZMI[ERHSV
IHMXXLIZMVMEPGSIJJMGMIRXWJSVIEGLFMREV]:EPYIW[MPPSRP]FIWLS[RMR
XLMWQEXVM\[LIRXLI:MVMEP:ETSYV4LEWIQSHIPLEWFIIRWIPIGXIHSR
XLIProp PkgXEF=SYGERYWIXLIHIJEYPXZEPYIWWYKKIWXIHF],=7=7SV
IHMXXLIWIZEPYIW:MVMEPGSIJJMGMIRXWJSVXLITYVIWTIGMIWEVIWLS[R

1-33
1-34 Fluid Package Property View

EPSRKXLIHMEKSREPSJXLIQEXVM\[LMPIGVSWWGSIJJMGMIRXW[LMGLEVI
QM\XYVITVSTIVXMIWFIX[IIRGSQTSRIRXWEVIXLSWIRSXEPSRKXLI
HMEKSREP

;MPWSR
8LIMolar VolumeJSVIEGLPMFVEV]GSQTSRIRX[MPPFIHMWTPE]IHEW
[IPPEWXLSWIZEPYIWIWXMQEXIHJSVL]TSXLIXMGEPW

Figure 1.22

'LES7IEHIVERH+VE]WSR7XVIIH

Figure 1.23

'LES7IEHIVERH+VE]WSR7XVIIHEPWSYWIE1SPEV:SPYQIXIVQ:EPYIW
JSV7SPYFMPMX]1SPEV:SPYQIERH%GIRXVMGMX][MPPFIHMWTPE]IHJSVPMFVEV]
GSQTSRIRXW8LITEVEQIXIVW[MPPFIIWXMQEXIHJSVL]TSXLIXMGEPW

1-34
 Fluid Package 1-35

%RXSMRI
,=7=7YWIWEWM\XIVQ%RXSMRII\TVIWWMSR[MXLEJM\IHFXIVQ*SV
PMFVEV]GSQTSRIRXWXLIQMRMQYQERHQE\MQYQXIQTIVEXYVIERHXLI
GSIJJMGMIRXW%XLVSYKL*[MPPFIHMWTPE]IHJSVIEGLGSQTSRIRX8LI
ZEPYIWJSV,]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXW[MPPFIIWXMQEXIH

Figure 1.24

 &MREV]'SIJJMGMIRXW8EF
8LI&MREV]'SIJJMGMIRXWBinary CoeffsXEFGSRXEMRWEQEXVM\[LMGL
PMWXWXLIMRXIVEGXMSRTEVEQIXIVWJSVIEGLGSQTSRIRXTEMV(ITIRHMRK
SRXLITVSTIVX]QIXLSHGLSWIRHMJJIVIRXIWXMQEXMSRQIXLSHWQE]FI
EZEMPEFPIERHEHMJJIVIRXZMI[QE]FIWLS[R=SYLEZIXLISTXMSRSJ
SZIV[VMXMRKER]PMFVEV]ZEPYI

8LIGIPPW[MXLYRORS[RMRXIVEGXMSRTEVEQIXIVW[MPPGSRXEMRVIHHEWLIW
();LIR]SYI\MXXLIBasis ManagerYRORS[RMRXIVEGXMSR
TEVEQIXIVWEVIWIXXS^IVS

*SVEPPXLIQEXVMGIWSRXLIBinary Coeffs XEFXLIGSQTSRIRXWEGVSWW

This information applies to XLIXSTSJXLIQEXVM\VITVIWIRXXLIMGSQTSRIRXERHXLIGSQTSRIRXW
the following Property HS[RXLIWMHIVITVIWIRXXLINGSQTSRIRX
Packages:
Kabadi Danner
Lee-Kesler Plocker )UYEXMSRSJ7XEXI-RXIVEGXMSR4EVEQIXIV
PR
8LIEquation of State Interaction ParametersKVSYTEWHMWTPE]IHSR
PRSV
XLIBinary CoeffsXEF[LIRER)37MWXLIWIPIGXIHTVSTIVX]TEGOEKIMW
Soave Redlich Kwong, SRK
WLS[RMRFigure 1.25
Sour PR
Sour SRK
Zudkevitch Joffee

1-35
1-36 Fluid Package Property View

Figure 1.25

Note: These two radio buttons only This is equivalent to no Kij

appear for the PR and SRK based
Equations of State.

8LIRYQFIVWETTIEVMRKMRXLI1EXVM\EVIMRMXMEPP]GEPGYPEXIHF],=7=7
FYX]SYGERGLERKIXLIQ%PPORS[RFMREV]MRXIVEGXMSRTEVEQIXIVW[MPP
FIHMWTPE]IH[MXLYRORS[RWHMWTPE]IHEWVIHHEWLIW()=SYLEZI
XLISTXMSRSJSZIV[VMXMRKER]PMFVEV]ZEPYI

*SVEPP)UYEXMSRSJ7XEXITEVEQIXIVWI\GITX467:/ !/ WS[LIR]SY

MN NM

GLERKIXLIZEPYISJSRISJXLIWIFSXLGIPPWSJXLITEMVEYXSQEXMGEPP]
YTHEXI[MXLXLIWEQIZEPYI-RQER]GEWIWXLIPMFVEV]MRXIVEGXMSR
TEVEQIXIVWJSV467:HSLEZI/ !/ FYX,=7=7HSIWRSXJSVGIXLMWMJ
MN NM

]SYQSHMJ]SRITEVEQIXIVMREFMREV]TEMV

-J]SYEVIYWMRK46SV76/SVSRISJXLI7SYVSTXMSRWX[SVEHMS

FYXXSRWEVIHMWTPE]IHEXXLIFSXXSQSJXLIXEF

Radio Button Description

This radio button is the default selection. HYSYS
Estimate HC-HC/Set
provides the estimates for the interaction parameters
Non HC-HC to 0.0
in the matrix, setting all non-hydrocarbon pairs to 0.
When this is selected, HYSYS sets all interaction
Set All to 0.0
parameter values in the matrix to 0.0.

1-36
 Fluid Package 1-37

%GXMZMX]1SHIP-RXIVEGXMSR4EVEQIXIVW
8LIActivity Model Interaction ParametersKVSYTEWHMWTPE]IHSRXLI
Binary CoeffsXEF[LIRER%GXMZMX]1SHIPMWXLIWIPIGXIHTVSTIVX]
This information applies to TEGOEKIMWWLS[RMRXLIJMKYVIFIPS[
the following property
packages:
Figure 1.26
Chien Null
The numbering and naming of the radio buttons selections
Extended NRTL will vary according to the selected Activity Model.
General NRTL
Margules
NRTL
UNIQUAC
van Laar
Wilson

You may reset the binary

parameters to their original 8LIMRXIVEGXMSRTEVEQIXIVWJSVIEGLFMREV]TEMV[MPPFIHMWTPE]IH
library values by pressing the YRORS[RZEPYIW[MPPWLS[EWVIHHEWLIW ()=SYGERSZIV[VMXIER]
Reset Params button.
ZEPYISVYWISRISJXLIIWXMQEXMSRQIXLSHW8LIIWXMQEXMSRQIXLSHW
EVIHIWGVMFIHMRXLIJSPPS[MRKWIGXMSR

8SHMWTPE]EHMJJIVIRXGSIJJMGMIRXQEXVM\MI& WIPIGXXLIETTVSTVMEXI

MN

VEHMSFYXXSR

)WXMQEXMSR1IXLSHW

;LIRYWMRK%GXMZMX]1SHIPW,=7=7TVSZMHIWXLVIIMRXIVEGXMSR
Since the Wilson equation TEVEQIXIVIWXMQEXMSRQIXLSHW7IPIGXXLIIWXMQEXMSRQIXLSHF]
does not handle three phase GLSSWMRKSRISJXLIVEHMSFYXXSRWERHXLIRMRZSOIXLIIWXMQEXMSRF]
systems, the Coeff Estimation WIPIGXMRKSRISJXLIEZEMPEFPIFYXXSRW
group will not show the
UNIFAC LLE or Immiscible
radio buttons when this Button Description
property package is used.
When this radio button is selected, HYSYS calculates
UNIFAC VLE parameters using the UNIFAC VLE model.

1-37
1-38 Fluid Package Property View

Button Description
When this radio button is selected, HYSYS calculates all
UNIFAC LLE
parameters using the UNIFAC LLE model.
When this radio button is selected, the three buttons used
for the UNIFAC estimations are replaced by the following:
• Row in Clm Pair - use this button to estimate the parameters
such that the row component (j) is immiscible in the column
Alphaij = Alphaji, but component (i).
Immiscible
Aij ≠ Aji. • Clm in Row Pair - use this button to estimate parameters
such that the column components (j) are immiscible in the
row components (i).
• All in Row - use this button to estimate parameters such that
both components are mutually immiscible.

-J]SYLEZIWIPIGXIHIMXLIVXLIUNIFAC VLE SVUNIFAC LLEIWXMQEXMSR

QIXLSH]SYGERETTP]MXMRSRISJXLIJSPPS[MRK[E]WF]GLSSWMRKXLI
UNIFAC estimations are by ETTVSTVMEXIFYXXSR
default performed at 25 °C,
unless you change this value
Button Description
on the Prop Pkg tab.
This button is only visible when UNIFAC VLE is selected.
It calculates the parameters for the selected component
Individual Pair
pair, Aij and Aji. The existing values in the matrix are
overwritten.
You may reset the binary If you delete the contents of cells or if HYSYS does not
parameters to their original Unknowns provide defaults values, you can use this option and have
library values by pressing the Only HYSYS calculate the activity parameters for all the
Reset Params button. unknown pairs.
Recalculates all the binaries in the matrix. If you had
All Binaries changed some of the original HYSYS values, you can use
this to have HYSYS re-estimate the entire matrix.

 7XEFMPMX]8IWX8EF
8LIWXEFMPMX]XIWXGERFIXLSYKLXSJEWMRXVSHYGMRKEHVSTPIXSJ
RYGPIYWMRXSXLIJPYMH8LIHVSTPIX[MPPXLIRIMXLIVKVS[MRXSE
HMWXMRGXMZITLEWISV[MPPFIHMWWSPZIHMRXLIJPYMH

*SVQYPXMTLEWIJPYMHWXLIVII\MWXQYPXMTPIJEPWIGEPGYPEXIHWSPYXMSRW%
JEPWIWSPYXMSRI\MWXW[LIRGSRZIVKIRGISGGYVWJSVEPS[IVRYQFIVSJ
TLEWIWXLERI\MWXWMRXLIJPYMH*SVI\EQTPI[MXLEXLVIITLEWIJPYMH
XLIVIMWXLIGSVVIGXXLVIITLEWIWSPYXMSREXPIEWXXLVIIJEPWIX[STLEWI
WSPYXMSRWERHQYPXMTPIJEPWIWMRKPITLEWIWSPYXMSRW%QENSVTVSFPIQMR
GSRZIVKMRKXLIJPEWLGEPGYPEXMSRMWEVVMZMRKEXXLIVMKLXWSPYXMSR[MXLSYX
ETVMSVORS[PIHKISJXLIRYQFIVSJIUYMPMFVMYQTLEWIW

8LI7XEFMPMX]8IWXEPPS[W]SYXSMRWXVYGX,=7=7SRLS[XSTIVJSVQ
TLEWIWXEFMPMX]GEPGYPEXMSRWMRXLI*PS[WLIIX-J]SYIRGSYRXIV

1-38
 Fluid Package 1-39

WMXYEXMSRW[LIVIEJPEWLGEPGYPEXMSRJEMPWSV]SYEVIWYWTMGMSYWEFSYX
VIWYPXW]SYGERYWIXLMWSTXMSRXSETTVSEGLXLIWSPYXMSRYWMRKE
HMJJIVIRXVSYXI

8LIWXVEXIK]YWIHMR,=7=7MWEWJSPPS[WYRPIWWXLIVIMWWXVSRKIZMHIRGI
JSVXLVIITLEWIW,=7=7JMVWXTIVJSVQWEX[STLEWIJPEWL8LIVIWYPXMRK
TLEWIWEVIXLIRXIWXIHJSVXLIMVWXEFMPMX]

Figure 1.27

7XEFMPMX]8IWX4EVEQIXIVW
=SYGERWTIGMJ]XLIQE\MQYQRYQFIVSJTLEWIWEPPS[IHSVMRXLI
Maximum Phases AllowedMRTYXGIPP-JXLMWZEPYIMWWIXXSXLI
WXEFMPMX]XIWX[MPPUYMXEJXIVTLEWIJPEWLIW3GGEWMSREPP]]SYQE]WXMPP
KIXTLEWIWEWXLIJPEWLQE]EXXIQTXXSWXEVXHMVIGXP][MXLXLITLEWI
JPEWL

Figure 1.28

1-39
1-40 Fluid Package Property View

8LI7XEFMPMX]WGLIQIYWIHMWXLEXTVSTSWIHF]1MGLIPWSR-RXLI
MethodKVSYT]SYGERGLSSWIXLIQIXLSHJSVTIVJSVQMRKXLIWXEFMPMX]
XIWXGEPGYPEXMSRWF]WIPIGXMRKSRISJXLIVEHMSFYXXSRW

Radio Button Description

None No stability test will be performed.
Uses a default set of Phases/Components to Initiate the
Stability Test. This method includes the Deleted phases
Low
(if they exist), the Wilson’s Equation initial guess and the
Water component (if it exists) in the fluid.
In addition to the options used for the Low method, this
method also includes the Average of Existing phase, the
Medium
Ideal Gas phase and the heaviest and lightest
components in the fluid.
All available Phases and Components will be used to
All
initiate the test.
Allows you to activate any combination of check boxes in
the Phase(s) to Initiate Test and Comp(s) to Initiate
User Test groups. If you make changes when a default
Method radio button (i.e. Low, Medium) is selected, the
method will be changed to User automatically.
This is the flash method used in HYSIM. If this choice is
selected, HYSYS will use the same flash routines as in
HYSIM Flash HYSIM and no stability test will be performed. This option
allows comparison of results between HYSIM and
HYSYS.

4LEWIWXS-RMXMEXI8IWX
8LIVIEVIJSYVGLSMGIWPMWXIH[MXLMRXLIPhase(s) to Initiate TestKVSYT
8LIGLIGOFS\IW[MPPFIEGXMZEXIHEGGSVHMRKXSXLIVEHMSFYXXSR
WIPIGXMSRMRXLI MethodKVSYT-J]SYGLERKIXLIWXEXYWSJER]STXMSR
XLIVEHMSFYXXSRMRXLIMethodKVSYT[MPPFIEYXSQEXMGEPP]WIXXSUser

Figure 1.29

Check boxes Description

If a phase has been removed during the 2-phase flash, a
Deleted
droplet of the deleted fluid is re-introduced.
Average of The existing equilibrium fluids are mixed in equal portions;
Existing a droplet of that fluid is introduced.

1-40
 Fluid Package 1-41

Check boxes Description

Ideal Gas A small amount of ideal gas is introduced.
Wilson’s A hypothetical fluid is created using the Wilson’s K-value
Equation and is used to initiate the stability test.

-JER]SRISJXLIWIMRMXMEXMRKRYGPIMMRMXMEPKYIWWIWJSVQWEHMWXMRGXMZI

One limitation with the TLEWIXLII\MWXMRKJPYMHMWYRWXEFPIERHXLMWRYGPIYWTVSZMHIWXLIMRMXMEP
stability test is the fact that it KYIWWJSVXLIXLVIITLEWIJPEWL-JRSRISJXLIWIMRMXMEPKYIWWIWWLS[W
relies on the property package
chosen rather than physical EHHMXMSREPTLEWIWMXGERSRP]FIWEMHXLEXXLIJPYMHMW likely XSFIWXEFPI
reality. At best, it will be as
accurate as the property
package. For instance, the 'SQTSRIRXWXS-RMXMEXI8IWX
NRTL package is known to be
ill-behaved in the sense that it
could actually predict Figure 1.30
numerous equilibrium phases
that do not exist in reality.
Thus, turning on all initial
guesses for NRTL may not be a
good idea.

;LIREHVSTPIXSJRYGPIYWMWMRXVSHYGIHMRXSXLIJPYMHXLIHVSTPIX
[MPPIMXLIVKVS[MRXSEHMWXMRGXMZITLEWISV[MPPFIHMWWSPZIHMRXLIJPYMH
%RSXLIVSFZMSYWGLSMGIJSVXLIHVSTPIXGSQTSWMXMSRMWSRISJXLI
I\MWXMRKTYVIGSQTSRIRXW*SVI\EQTPIMJXLIJPYMHGSRXEMRWLI\ERI
QIXLERSPERH[EXIVSRIGSYPHXV]MRXVSHYGMRKEHVSTPIXSJLI\ERIE
HVSTPIXSJQIXLERSPSVEHVSTPIXSJ[EXIV8LIGLSMGIWJSVXLITYVI
GSQTSRIRXHVSTPIXWEVIPMWXIHMRXLIComp(s) to Initiate TestKVSYT

1-41
1-42 Fluid Package Property View

 6IEGXMSRW8EF
;MXLMRXLI&EWMW)RZMVSRQIRXEPPVIEGXMSRWEVIHIJMRIHXLVSYKLXLI
See Chapter 4 - Reaction
Manager for more
Reaction Manager ReactionsXEFSJXLISimulation Basis Manager
information. 3RXLIRxnsXEFSJXLIFluid Package TVSTIVX]ZMI[]SYEVIPMQMXIHXS
EXXEGLMRKHIXEGLMRKVIEGXMSRWIXW

Figure 1.31

Object Description
Current This lists all the currently loaded reactions set in this Fluid
Reactions Sets Package.
There are two Associated Reactions list boxes. Both
Associated
boxes displays all the reactions associated with the
Reactions respective selected Reaction Set.
This button attaches the highlighted Available Reaction
Add Set Set to the Fluid Package and displays it in the Current
Reactions Sets group.
This button removes the highlighted Current Reaction Set
Remove
from the Fluid Package.
Available This list box displays all the Available Reactions Sets in
Reactions Sets the case.
Simultaneous This button accesses the Reaction Manager.
Basis Mgr

 8EFYPEV8EF
8LI8EFYPEV4EGOEKIGERVIKVIWWXLII\TIVMQIRXEPHEXEJSVWIPIGX
XLIVQSTL]WMGEPTVSTIVXMIWWYGLXLEXEJMXMWSFXEMRIHJSVEGLSWIR
QEXLIQEXMGEPI\TVIWWMSR8LI8EFYPEV4EGOEKIMWYXMPMWIHMR
GSRNYRGXMSR[MXLSRISJXLI,=7=7TVSTIVX]QIXLSHW=SYVXEVKIXIH

1-42
 Fluid Package 1-43

TVSTIVXMIWEVIXLIRGEPGYPEXIHEWVITPEGIQIRXWJSV[LEXIZIVTVSGIHYVI
XLIEWWSGMEXIHTVSTIVX]QIXLSH[SYPHLEZIYWIH

%PXLSYKLXLI8EFYPEV4EGOEKIGERFIYWIHJSVGEPGYPEXMRKIZIV]
TVSTIVX]JSVEPPGSQTSRIRXWMRXLIGEWIMXMWFIWXYWIHJSVQEXGLMRKE
WTIGMJMGEWTIGXSJ]SYVTVSGIWW%X]TMGEPI\EQTPI[SYPHFIMRXLI
GEPGYPEXMSRSJZMWGSWMXMIWJSVGLIQMGEPW]WXIQW[LIVIXLI8EFYPEV
4EGOEKI[MPPSJXIRTVSZMHIFIXXIVVIWYPXWXLERXLI%GXMZMX]1SHIPW

8EFYPEV4EGOEKIGEPGYPEXMSRWEVIFEWIHSRQEXLIQEXMGEPI\TVIWWMSRW
HYSYS contains a default XLEXVITVIWIRXXLITYVIGSQTSRIRXTVSTIVX]EWEJYRGXMSRSJ
library containing data for XIQTIVEXYVI8LIZEPYIWSJXLITVSTIVX]JSVIEGLGSQTSRIRXEXXLI
over 1000 components.
TVSGIWWXIQTIVEXYVIEVIXLIRGSQFMRIHYWMRKXLIWXVIEQGSQTSWMXMSR
ERHQM\MRKVYPIXLEX]SYWTIGMJ]

8LI8EFYPEVTVSZMHIWEGGIWWXSEGSQTVILIRWMZIVIKVIWWMSRTEGOEKI
8LMWEPPS[W]SYXSWYTTP]I\TIVMQIRXEPHEXEJSV]SYVGSQTSRIRXWERH
LEZI,=7=7VIKVIWWXLIHEXEXSEGLSWIRI\TVIWWMSR)WWIRXMEPP]ER
YRPMQMXIHRYQFIVSJI\TVIWWMSRWEVIEZEMPEFPIXSVITVIWIRX]SYV
TVSTIVX]HEXE8LIVIEVIFEWMGIUYEXMSRWLETIW=XIVQWLETIW
<XIVQWLETIWEW[IPPEW=ERH<TS[IVJYRGXMSRW8LI8EFYPEVTVSZMHIW
Whenever experimental data
TPSXXMRKGETEFMPMXMIWXSI\EQMRILS[[IPPXLIGLSWIRI\TVIWWMSR[MPP
has been supplied, it will be TVIHMGXXLITVSTIVX]=SYEVIRSXVIWXVMGXIHXSXLIYWISJEWMRKPI
retained by HYSYS in memory I\TVIWWMSRJSVIEGLTVSTIVX])EGLGSQTSRIRXGERFIVITVIWIRXIH
and will be stored in the case. YWMRKXLIFIWXI\TVIWWMSR

=SYQE]RSXRIIHXSWYTTP]I\TIVMQIRXEPHEXEMRSVHIVXSYWIXLI
8EFYPEV-J]SYLEZIEGGIWWXSEQEXLIQEXMGEPVITVIWIRXEXMSRJSVE
GSQTSRIRXTVSTIVX]TEMV]SYGERWMQTP]WIPIGXXLIGSVVIGXIUYEXMSR
WLETIERHWYTTP]XLIGSIJJMGMIRXWHMVIGXP]*YVXLIV,=7=7TVSZMHIWE
HEXEFEWIJSVRIEVP]PMFVEV]GSQTSRIRXWWS]SYGERYWIXLMW
MRJSVQEXMSRHMVIGXP][MXLMRXLI8EFYPEV[MXLSYXWYTTP]MRKER]HEXE
[LEXWSIZIV
The PPDS data base is an
-REHHMXMSR,=7=7GERHMVIGXP]EGGIWWXLIMRJSVQEXMSRMRXLI44(7
optional tabular feature.
Contact your Hyprotech HEXEFEWIJSVYWIMRXLI8EFYPEV8LMWHEXEFEWIMWWMQMPEVXSXLEX
representative for further TVSZMHIH[MXL,=7=7MRXLEXXLITVSTIVXMIWJSVXLIGSQTSRIRXWEVI
information. VITVIWIRXIHYWMRKEQEXLIQEXMGEPI\TVIWWMSR

6IUYMVIQIRXWJSV9WMRKXLI8EFYPEV
8LIVIEVISRP]X[SVIUYMVIQIRXWSRXLIYWEKISJXLI8EFYPEV4EGOEKI
*MVWXQSWXTVSTIVXMIWVIUYMVIXLEXEPPGSQTSRIRXWMRXLIGEWILEZIXLIMV
TVSTIVX]ZEPYIGEPGYPEXIHF]XLI8EFYPEV7IGSRH)RXLEPT]GEPGYPEXMSRW
VIUYMVIXLEXXLI8EFYPEVFIYWIHJSVFSXLXLI0MUYMHERH:ETSYV4LEWI

1-43
1-44 Fluid Package Property View

GEPGYPEXMSRW7MQMPEVP]]SYQE]YWISRP]SRI)RXLEPT]X]TITVSTIVX]
JSVIEGLTLEWIJSVI\EQTPI0MUYMH)RXLEPT]ERH0MUYMH,IEX'ETEGMX]
GERRSXFSXLFIWIPIGXIH

9WMRKXLI8EFYPEV4EGOEKI
;LIRYWMRKXLI8EFYPEV4EGOEKIEKIRIVEPWIUYIRGISJWXITWMWEW
JSPPS[W

 %GXMZEXIXLIGLIGOFS\SJIEGLHIWMVIHXEVKIXTVSTIVX]MRXLIActive
Properties SelectionKVSYT

Figure 1.32

 -JRIGIWWEV]HIJMRIXLI/QIXLSHMRXLIK2 DefinitionKVSYT
 -JRIGIWWEV]WIX)RXLEPT]QIXLSHWMRXLIEnthalpy Model Defn
KVSYT
 7IPIGXE4VSTIVX]JVSQXLITabular DataHVSTHS[RPMWX
 -RXLIMixing RuleKVSYTWTIGMJ]Composition BasisERHMixing
Parameter fJSVXLI4VSTIVX]
 =SYGERTPSXI\MWXMRKPMFVEV]MRJSVQEXMSRF]TVIWWMRKXLIPlot
FYXXSR
 7IPIGXEGSQTSRIRXMRXLIView SelectionHVSTHS[RPMWX

1-44
 Fluid Package 1-45

 4VIWWXLIDataFYXXSRXSEGGIWWXLIPropCurveTVSTIVX]ZMI[JSV
XLIWIPIGXIHGSQTSRIRX

Figure 1.33

 7IXXLI)UYEXMSR*SVQERH7YTTP](EXE=SYGERZMI[XLMWWEQI
JSVQEXSJHEXEJSVPMFVEV]GSQTSRIRXW

8LITabularXEFSJXLIFluid PackageTVSTIVX]ZMI[GSRXEMRWJMZIQEMR
KVSYTWSRP]JSYVSJ[LMGL[MPPFIHMWTPE]IHEXER]XMQI8LIZMI[
[LMGLMWWLS[R[MPPHITIRHSRXLIWIPIGXMSRSJETVSTIVX]JVSQXLI
HVSTHS[RPMWXMRXLI Tabular DataKVSYT

• Active Properties Selection

• Global Tabular Calculation Behaviour
• Tabular Data
• Active K-value Selection (appears for K value properties
only)
• Basis for Tabular Enthalpies (appears for all properties but K
values)

1-45
1-46 Fluid Package Property View

%GXMZI4VSTIVXMIW7IPIGXMSR

8LMWKVSYTGSRWMWXWSJXLVIIWQEPPIVKVSYTW

Group Description View

Contains all the properties for which the Tabular
Package can be used. A property will be calculated
with the Tabular Package if its check box is
Active activated.
Properties
Selection

Radio buttons allow you to set the second K value

definition when K2 is chosen as an Active Property.
If V/L2 is selected, HYSYS calculates V/L2, and L1/
K2 Definition
L2 is fixed. If L1/L2 is selected, then V/L2 is fixed. In
other words, HYSYS can only calculate one of these
values, the other must be fixed.
Radio buttons allow you to choose the methods for
calculating the vapour and liquid enthalpies using the
Tabular Package. The Tabular Package must be
Enthalpy Model
applied to both the Vapour and Liquid. There are
Definition three choices (which can be used in any
combination) for the Vapour and Liquid phases:
Enthalpy, Heat Capacity and Latent Heat.

+PSFEP8EFYPEV'EPGYPEXMSR&ILEZMSYV

Figure 1.34

8LMWKVSYTGSRXEMRWX[SGLIGOFS\STXMSRW

Check Box Description

If this is activated, all the selected Active Properties are
Enable calculated via the Tabular Package. If this check box is
Calculation of not activated, all properties are calculated by the Property
Active Package. This provides a master switch to enable/disable
Properties the Tabular Package while retaining the Active Property
selections.

Use PPDS This allows you to use the PPDS libraries (if available) for
the Tabular Calculations. When this check box is
library if
activated, each property selected in the Tabular Data
available group will default to the PPDS radio button.

1-46
 Fluid Package 1-47

8EFYPEV(EXE

HYSYS allows you to view the

8LI8EFYPEV(EXEKVSYTMWYWIHJSVZMI[MRKMRJSVQEXMSRJSVEWTIGMJMG
tabular information for any TVSTIVX]SVJSVWYTTP]MRKEHHMXMSREPHEXEJSVETVSTIVX]=SYGERWIPIGX
property available in the ETVSTIVX]ERHGSQTSRIRXERHI\EQMRIXLIMRJSVQEXMSRJVSQXLI
package, without making the ,=7=7HEXEFEWI-JI\TIVMQIRXEPHEXEMWEZEMPEFPIJSVEGSQTSRIRXW
property active.
MXQE]FIYWIHMR[LMGLGEWIMXSZIVVMHIWXLIHEXEFEWIMRJSVQEXMSR

Properties Available

Figure 1.35

=SYGERXEVKIXETVSTIVX]XLVSYKLXLIHVSTHS[RPMWXEXXLIXSTSJXLI
KVSYT2SXMGIMRXLIZMI[TVSZMHIHLIVIXLEXXLIVIEVIWIZIRXIIR
HMJJIVIRXTVSTIVXMIWEZEMPEFPI8LIWIGSVVIWTSRHXSXLITVSTIVXMIWPMWXIH
MRXLIActive Properties SelectionKVSYT2SXMGIXLEX/MWFVSOIRMRXS
/ZEPYI:0ERH7IT*EG00%PWSXLI)RXLEPT]1SHIPMWFVSOIR
MRXS0MU)RXLEPT]:ET)RXLEPT]0EXIRX,IEX0MU'TERH:ET'T

Mixing Rule

Figure 1.36

8LIMixing Rule KVSYTGSRXEMRWX[SMRTYXTEVEQIXIVWComposition

BasisERHMixing Parameter f8LI'SQTSWMXMSR&EWMWEPPS[W]SYXS
GLSSWIXLI&EWMW1SPI1EWWSV0MU:SPYQISR[LMGLXLI1M\MRK6YPI
[MPPFIETTPMIH;LIRXLI'SQTSWMXMSR&EWMWMWXLIEGXMZIPSGEXMSRE
HVSTHS[RPMWX[MXLXLIEZEMPEFPISTXMSRWGERFIEGGIWWIHZMEXLI)HMX
&EV

1-47
1-48 Fluid Package Property View

8LIHIJEYPX1M\MRK6YPI[LMGLMWETTPMIH[LIRGEPGYPEXMRKXLISZIVEPP
TVSTIVX]YWIWXLIJSPPS[MRKJSVQ

1
---
f

∑
f
Property mix = x i Property i
i

8LIWIGSRHSTXMSRMRXLI1M\MRK6YPIKVSYTMWXLIMixing Parameter f

8LMWEPPS[W]SYXSWTIGMJ]XLIGSIJJMGMIRXJXSYWIJSVXLI1M\MRK6YPI
You can change the value for
the Mixing Parameter f, via GEPGYPEXMSRW2SXMGIXLEXMRFigure 1.36XLIHIJEYPXZEPYIMW8LI
the Edit Bar. ZEPYIXLEX,=7=7YWIWEWXLIHIJEYPXMWHITIRHIRXSRXLITVSTIVX]
GLSWIR*SVMRWXERGIMJ[IGLSSWI0MUYMH:MWGSWMX]EWSYVTVSTIVX]
X]TI,=7=7YWIWEWXLIHIJEYPXJSVXLI1M\MRK4EVEQIXIV

-J]SYEVIYWMRKXLI44(7HEXEFEWI]SYGERQSHMJ]XLI1M\MRK6YPI
TEVEQIXIVWJSVER]TVSTIVX][MXLXLII\GITXMSRSJZETSYVZMWGSWMX]ERH
ZETSYVXLIVQEPGSRHYGXMZMX]8LITEVEQIXIVWJSVXLIWITVSTIVXMIWEVI
WIXMRXIVREPP]XSXLIETTVSTVMEXI44(71M\MRK6YPI

Library

Figure 1.37

8LIVEHMSFYXXSRWMRXLILibraryKVSYTEPPS[]SYXSGLSSWIFIX[IIR
XLIHyprotechERHXLIPPDSPMFVEVMIW(ITIRHMRKSRXLITVSTIVX]
GLSWIRXLI44(7PMFVEV]QE]RSXFIEPPS[IH;LIRXLI44(7PMFVEV]MW
EZEMPEFPIXLIPIXXIVMRKGLERKIWJVSQPMKLXKVI]XSFPEGO

View Selection
*SVIEGLTVSTIVX]]SY[SVO[MXLSRIGSQTSRIRXEXEXMQI8LIHVST
HS[RPMWXMRXLIView SelectionKVSYTEPPS[W]SYXSWIPIGXXLI
Note that for all properties
except K factors, the tabular GSQTSRIRXXLEX]SY[MWLXSI\EQMRISVIHMX3RGIEGSQTSRIRXMW
must be used for all XEVKIXIHWIPIGXXLIDataFYXXSRXSEGGIWWXLIPropCurveZMI[7IIXLI
components in the case. Supplying Tabular Data WIGXMSRJSVJYVXLIVMRJSVQEXMSRSRXLI
PropCurveZMI[

1-48
 Fluid Package 1-49

Plot Button
8LI PlotFYXXSREGGIWWIWXLITPSXSJ8IQTIVEXYVIZIVWYWXLIWIPIGXIH
4VSTIVX]8]TI8LI VariablesKVSYTWLS[WXLITVSTIVX]YWIHJSVXLI<
ERH=E\IW

Figure 1.38

Object inspect the plot area to

access the Graph Control view.
Refer to Section 6.4 - Graph
Control of the User’s Guide for
more information.

,=7=7GERSRP]TPSXJSYVGYVZIWEXEXMQI8LICurve SelectionKVSYT
PMWXWXLIGSQTSRIRXWTPSXXIHSRXLIKVETL8LIHIJEYPXMWXSTPSXXLIJMVWX
JSYVGSQTSRIRXWMRXLIGSQTSRIRXPMWX%PXLSYKLEPPJSYVGYVZIW
ETTIEVFPEGOLIVI,=7=7YWIWHMJJIVIRXGSPSYVWERHW]QFSPWXS
HMWXMRKYMWLXLIGYVZIW=SYGERVITPEGIXLIGSQTSRIRXWMRXLICurve
SelectionKVSYT[MXLSXLIVGSQTSRIRXWMR]SYVGEWIXLVSYKLXLIHVST
HS[RPMWXMRXLI)HMX&EV7IPIGXXLIGSQTSRIRX]SY[MWLXSEHHXSXLI
Curve SelectionKVSYT8LIRI[GSQTSRIRXVITPEGIWXLITVIZMSYWP]
WIPIGXIHGSQTSRIRXMRXLICurve SelectionKVSYTERH,=7=7VIHVE[W
XLIKVETLHMWTPE]MRKXLIHEXESJXLIRI[GSQTSRIRX

,=7=7TPSXWXLIWIKVETLWYWMRKXLIGYVVIRXI\TVIWWMSRWIMXLIVJVSQXLI
,=7=7PMFVEV]SVVIKVIWWIHJVSQ]SYVWYTTPMIHHEXE

%GXMZI/ZEPYI7IPIGXMSR
8LMWKVSYT[LMGLETTIEVWSRP][LIRE/ZEPYITVSTIVX]MWWIPIGXIHMR
XLITabular DataKVSYTGSRXEMRWEPMWXSJEPPXLIGSQTSRIRXWTVIWIRXMR
XLIGEWIEW[IPPEWGLIGOFS\IWJSVKvalueERHK2/ZEPYIERH/EVI
XLISRP]TVSTIVX]STXMSRWXLEXEPPS[8EFYPEVGEPGYPEXMSRWXSFI
GSQTSRIRXWTIGMJMG*SVEPPSXLIVTVSTIVXMIWYWMRKXLI8EFYPEV4EGOEKI
ETTPMIWXSEPPXLIGSQTSRIRXWMRXLIGEWI

1-49
1-50 Fluid Package Property View

Figure 1.39

'LIGOFS\IW[LMGLEVIEGXMZEXIHYWIXLI8EFYPEV4EGOEKIJSVXLI
GSQTSRIRXTVSTIVX]GEPGYPEXMSR8LSWI[LMGLEVIRSXEGXMZEXIHYWIXLI
4VSTIVX]4EGOEKIJSVGEPGYPEXMSRSJ/ZEPYISV/

&EWMWJSV8EFYPEV)RXLEPTMIW

Figure 1.40

8LMWKVSYTETTIEVW[LIRER]TVSTIVX]I\GITXE/ZEPYIMWWIPIGXIHMR
XLITabular DataKVSYT7IPIGXMSRSJEVEHMSFYXXSREPPS[W]SYXS
GLSSWIXLIIRXLEPT]FEWMWJSVXEFYPEVGEPGYPEXMSRW

• H = 0 K, ideal vapour (HYSIM basis)

• H = Heat of formation at 25 °C, ideal vapour

7YTTP]MRK8EFYPEV(EXE
;LIR]SYLEZIWTIGMJMIHXLI*PS[WLIIXTVSTIVXMIWJSV[LMGL]SY[ERX
XSYWIXLI8EFYPEV4EGOEKI]SYGERGLSSWIXSGLERKIXLIHEXE,=7=7
YWIWMRGEPGYPEXMRKXLITVSTIVXMIW,=7=7GSRXEMRWEHEXEJMPI[MXL
VIKVIWWIHGSIJJMGMIRXWERHXLIEWWSGMEXIHIUYEXMSRWLETIJSVmost
GSQTSRIRXW

8SMPPYWXVEXIXLIQIXLSHSJWYTTP]MRKHEXEYWIMethaneEWE
GSQTSRIRXERHLiquid EnthalpyEWXLI4VSTIVX]*VSQXLITabular
DataKVSYTWIPIGXMethaneJVSQXLIView SelectionHVSTHS[RPMWX
3RGIXLIGSQTSRIRXMWWIPIGXIHTVIWWXLIDataFYXXSR8LIVariables
XEFSJXLIPropCurveZMI[[MPPETTIEV

1-50
 Fluid Package 1-51

Figure 1.41

8LIPropCurveTVSTIVX]ZMI[GSRXEMRWXLIJSPPS[MRKXEFW

Tab Description
Specify the equation shapes and power functions for the
Variables
property.
Coeff Displays the current coefficients for the chosen equations.
Current tabular data for the property (library or user
Table
supplied).
Plots of the property using the tabular data and the
Plots
regressed equation.
Notes User supplied descriptive notes for the regression.

:EVMEFPIW8EF

8LIVariablesXEFMWXLIJMVWXXEFSJXLIPropCurveTVSTIVX]ZMI[-X
GSRXEMRWJSYVKVSYTW<:EVMEFPI=:EVMEFPI5:EVMEFPIERH)UYEXMSR
*SVQ8LIVariablesXEFMWWLS[RMRXLITVIZMSYWJMKYVI

X-Variable Group
8LMWKVSYTGSRXEMRWEPPXLIMRJSVQEXMSRVIPEXMRKXSXLI<:EVMEFPI

Cells Description
Since all properties are measured versus Temperature,
X this cell always shows Temperature when using the
Tabular Package.
Displays the units for the temperature values. You cannot
Unit change the units here. The HYSYS internal units for
Temperature, K, are always used.

1-51
1-52 Fluid Package Property View

Cells Description
This is the shape of the X variable. The choices for the X
Shape can be accessed via the drop down list in the Edit
Bar. There are 29 available shapes. Use the scroll bar to
move through the list. In this case, the shape chosen is
Shape
Xvar:x. This means that the X variables in the equation
are equal to X, which represents temperature. If
LogX:log10(x) is chosen as the X Shape, then the X
variables in the equation are replaced by log10(x).
This is a numerical value used in some of the X Shapes.
In the drop down list for X Shape, notice that the second
Norm choice is Xr:x/norm. The x/norm term, where norm =
190.70, replaces the X variable in the equation. You can
change the numerical value, Norm, in the Edit Bar.
Allows you to apply a power term to the X term, for
Exponent
example, X0.5.
Defines the minimum boundary for the X variable. When a
Flowsheet calculation for the property is outside the
Minimum range, HYSYS uses an internal method for extrapolation
of the curve. This method is dependent on the Property
being used. See the Equation Form section.
Defines the maximum boundary for the X variable. When
a Flowsheet calculation for the property is outside the
Maximum range, HYSYS uses an internal method for extrapolation
of the curve. This method is dependent on the Property
being used. See the Equation Form section.

Y-Variable Group
8LMWKVSYTGSRXEMRWEPPXLIMRJSVQEXMSRVIPEXMRKXSXLI=:EVMEFPI

Cells Description
Y This is the property chosen for Tabular calculations.
Displays the units for the Y variable. You cannot change
Unit the units here, it must be done through the Basis
Manager (Preferences).
This is the shape of the Y variable. The choices for the Y
Shape are available in the Edit Bar via the drop down list.
There are 32 shapes available. Use the scroll bar to move
through the list. In this case, the shape chosen is Yvar:y.
Shape
This means that the Y variables in the equation are equal
to Y, which represents enthalpy. If LogY:log10(y) is
chosen as the Y Shape, then the Y variables in the
equation are replaced by log10(y).
This is a numerical value used in some of the Y Shapes.
In the drop down list for Y Shape, notice that the second
Norm choice is Yr:y/norm. The Y variable in the equation is
replaced by the y/norm value. This numerical value can
be changed in the Edit Bar.
Allows you to apply a power term to the Y term, for
Exponent
example, Y0.5.

1-52
 Fluid Package 1-53

Q-Variable Group
8LMWKVSYTGSRXEMRWEPPXLIMRJSVQEXMSRVIPEXMRKXSXLI5:EVMEFPI8LMW
:EVMEFPIMWYWIHMRWSQISJXLI<ERH=:EVMEFPIIUYEXMSRW

Cell Description
Q Represents the Q variable which is always Pressure.
Displays the units for the Q Variable, which are always the
Unit
default internal units of pressure, kPa.
This is the default numerical value given to the Q Variable
Default
which can be changed in the Edit Bar.

Equation Form
(ITIRHMRKSR[LMGLTVSTIVX]]SYLEZIWIPIGXIH,=7=7[MPPWIPIGXE
HIJEYPX)UYEXMSR7LETI=SYLEZIXLISTXMSRSJYWMRKXLMWIUYEXMSRSV
GLSSWMRKERSXLIV=SYGERWIPIGXEHMJJIVIRXIUYEXMSRJVSQXLIHVST
HS[RPMWXEWWSGMEXIH[MXLXLMWGIPP8LMWPMWXGSRXEMRWEZEMPEFPI
IUYEXMSRWJVSQ[LMGLXSGLSSWI

Figure 1.42

;LIR,=7=7GERRSXVIKVIWWXLIHEXEXSTVSHYGIIUYEXMSRGSIJJMGMIRXW
JSVXLIGLSWIRIUYEXMSRWLETIXLIQIWWEKINon-RegressableETTIEVW
SRXLIVMKLXSJXLITYPPHS[RPMWX=SYGERWXMPPYWIXLIIUYEXMSRWLETI
FYX]SY[MPPLEZIXSQERYEPP]MRTYXXLIGSIJJMGMIRXW

Note that some equation

shapes will only allow you to Figure 1.43
supply coefficients directly.
You will be informed if the
equation shape cannot have
tabular data regressed to it.

'SIJJ8EF
8LMWXEFHMWTPE]WXLIGYVVIRXGSIJJMGMIRXWJSVXLIWTIGMJMIHIUYEXMSR
2SXMGIXLEXXLMWZMI[EPWSGSRXEMRWXLI)UYEXMSR*SVQKVSYTEPPS[MRK
]SYXSGLERKIXLIIUYEXMSRJVSQXLMWXEF

1-53
1-54 Fluid Package Property View

Figure 1.44

The X, Y, and Q variables and

their units are displayed for
reference only. They cannot be
changed.

8LICoefficientsKVSYTGSRXEMRWXLIGSIJJMGMIRXZEPYIWIMXLIVSFXEMRIH
JVSQXLI,=7=7HEXEFEWISVVIKVIWWIHJVSQHEXEWYTTPMIHMRXLITable
XEF

8LIGLIGOFS\IWWYTTPMIHRI\XXSIEGLGSIJJMGMIRXZEPYIEPPS[]SYXS
MRWXVYGX,=7=7RSXXSVIKVIWWGIVXEMRGSIJJMGMIRXWXLI][MPPVIQEMREXE
JM\IHZEPYIHIJEYPXSVYWIVWYTTPMIHHYVMRKVIKVIWWMSR

8EFPI8EF
=SYGERWYTTP]]SYVXEFYPEVHEXEFIJSVISVEJXIVWIPIGXMRKXLI)UYEXMSR
7LETI8SIRXIVHEXEWIPIGXXLITableXEF

Figure 1.45

1-54
 Fluid Package 1-55

-JXLIGSQTSRIRXMWSRIMRXLI,=7=7PMFVEV]TSMRXW[MPPFI
KIRIVEXIHFIX[IIRXLIGYVVIRX1MRERH1E\XIQTIVEXYVIW-J]SYRIIH
XSWYTTP]HEXEWIPIGXXLIClear DataFYXXSR=SYGEREPWSEHH]SYVHEXE
XSXLI,=7=7HIJEYPXHEXEERHLEZIMXMRGPYHIHMRXLIVIKVIWWMSR

Supplying Data
-J]SYEVIKSMRKXSWYTTP]HEXEWIPIGXXLI9RMXGIPPYRHIVXLI<ERH=
ZEVMEFPIGSPYQRWERHJVSQXLIHVSTHS[RPMWXMRXLI)HMX&EVGLERKIXS
XLIETTVSTVMEXIYRMXWJSV]SYVHEXE
To delete a particular data
point, highlight the data point
8LITVSGIHYVIJSVWYTTP]MRKHEXEMWEWJSPPS[W
and press the <delete> key.
 7IPIGXXLIETTVSTVMEXIYRMXWJSV]SYVHEXE
 'PIEVXLII\MWXMRKHEXE[MXLXLIClear DataFYXXSRSVQSZIXSXLI
Coefficients calculated using
PSGEXMSRXLEX]SY[ERXXSSZIV[VMXI
the deleted data will still be  7YTTP]]SYVHEXE
present on the Coeff tab until
the Regress button is pressed.  7YTTP]2IX;IMKLX*EGXSVWMJHIWMVIH

Q - Column
8LMWGSPYQRGSRXEMRWXLI4VIWWYVIZEVMEFPI8LITVIWIRGISJXLMWI\XVE
ZEVMEFPILIPTWMRTVSZMHMRKFIXXIVVIKVIWWMSRJSVXLIHEXE%W[MXLXLI<
ERH=ZEVMEFPIWXLIYRMXWGERFIGLERKIHXSER]SJXLIEZEMPEFPI
TVIWWYVIYRMXWMRXLI)HMX&EVHVSTHS[RPMWX

Wt Factor
=SYGERETTP][IMKLXMRKXSMRHMZMHYEPHEXETSMRXW;LIRXLIVIKVIWWMSR
MWTIVJSVQIHXLITSMRXW[MXLLMKLIV[IMKLXMRKJEGXSVWEVIXVIEXIH
TVIJIVIRXMEPP]IRWYVMRKXLIFIWXJMXXLVSYKLXLEXVIKMSR

Regressing the Data

%JXIV]SYLEZITVSZMHIHXLIHEXE]SYRIIHXSYTHEXIXLIIUYEXMSR
GSIJJMGMIRXW4VIWWXLIRegressFYXXSRXSLEZI,=7=7VIKVIWW]SYVHEXE
KIRIVEXMRKXLIGSIJJMGMIRXWFEWIHSRXLIGYVVIRXWLETIW-J]SYXLIR
GLERKIER]SJXLIIUYEXMSRWLETIWXLIHEXE]SYWYTTPMIH[MPPFI
VIKVIWWIHEKEMR=SYGERVIIRXIVXLIVIKVIWWMSRTEGOEKIERHWIPIGXE
RI[WLETIXSLEZI]SYVHEXEVIKVIWWIH

1-55
1-56 Fluid Package Property View

Data Retention
;LIRIZIVI\TIVMQIRXEPHEXELEWFIIRWYTTPMIHMX[MPPFIVIXEMRIHF]
,=7=7MRQIQSV]ERH[MPPFIWXSVIHMRXLIGEWI%XEPEXIVHEXI]SYGER
GSQIFEGOMRXSXLI8EFYPEV4EGOEKIERHQSHMJ]HEXEJSVXLI4VSTIVX]
ERH,=7=7[MPPVIKVIWWXLIHEXESRGIEKEMR

4PSX8EF
8SI\EQMRILS[XLIGYVVIRXIUYEXMSRWERHGSIJJMGMIRXW[MPPVITVIWIRX
XLITVSTIVX]WIPIGXXLIPlotsXEFXSZMI[XLITPSX
Use the Plot button on the
Tabular tab to display up to
four component curves on the Figure 1.46
same graph.

3RP]XLIWIPIGXIHGSQTSRIRXMRXLMWGEWI1IXLERIMWHMWTPE]IH8LI

TPSXGSRXEMRWX[SGYVZIWSRITPSXXIH[MXLXLIVIKVIWWIHIUYEXMSRERH
XLISXLIV[MXLXLI8EFPIZEPYIW-JXLI8EFYPEVZEPYIWWYTTPMIHSRXLI
Table XEFEVIMRHMJJIVIRXYRMXWXLI][MPPWXMPPFITPSXXIHLIVIYWMRKXLI
,=7=7MRXIVREPYRMXW8LMWTVSZMHIWEQIERWJSVKEYKMRKXLIEGGYVEG]
SJXLIVIKVIWWMSR-RXLMWI\EQTPIXLIX[SGYVZIWSZIVPETIEGLSXLIV
WYGLXLEXMXETTIEVWXSLEZISRP]SRIGYVZIWLS[R

&IWMHIWHMWTPE]MRKXLIGSQTSRIRXGYVZIXLMWZMI[EPWSHMWTPE]WXLI
RYQFIVSJTSMRXWYWIHMRHIXIVQMRMRKXLIXEFYPEVIUYEXMSRMRXLMWGEWI
%W[IPPXLIx-AxisKVSYTHMWTPE]WXLI1MRERH1E\\
ZEPYIWSRXLIGYVZI

=SYGERGLERKIXLI1MRERH1E\\E\MWZEPYIWERHLEZI,=7=7I\XIRH
XLIGYVZIETTVSTVMEXIP]4PEGIXLIGYVWSVMRXLIMin GIPPERHX]TIMRE
RI[ZEPYI*SVMRWXERGIX]TIMR8LMWVITPEGIWERH,=7=7
I\XIRHWXLIGYVZIXSMRGPYHIXLMWZEPYI7MQMPEVP]]SYGERGLERKIXLI

1-56
 Fluid Package 1-57

1E\ZEPYIERHLEZI,=7=7I\XIRHXLIGYVZIXSMRGPYHIXLMWRI[ZEPYI
8]TIMR180XSVITPEGIXLIMaxZEPYISJ8LIRI[GYVZIMWWLS[R
LIVI

Figure 1.47

2SXIW8EF
8LINotesXEFMWYWIHJSVWYTTP]MRKEHIWGVMTXMSRXSEWWSGMEXI[MXLXLI
8EFYPEV(EXENYWXIRXIVIH

;LIR]SYLEZIJMRMWLIHTVSZMHMRKEPPRIGIWWEV]HEXETVIWWXLIClose
FYXXSRXSVIXYVRXSXLI Tabular XEFSJXLIFluid PackageTVSTIVX]ZMI[
2S[]SYGERGSRXMRYIXSWYTTP]HEXEJSVXLISXLIVGSQTSRIRXWMJ]SY
[MWL;LMGLIZIVTVSTIVXMIW]SYLEZIWTIGMJMIHXSFIGEPGYPEXIH[MXLXLI
8EFYPEVTEGOEKI[MPPGEVV]XLVSYKLMRXSXLI*PS[WLIIX

 2SXIW8EF
8LINotesXEFEPPS[W]SYXSTVSZMHIHSGYQIRXEXMSR[LMGL[MPPFI
WXSVIH[MXLXLI*PYMH4EGOEKI;LIR]SYI\TSVXE*PYMH4EGOEKIER]
2SXIW[LMGLEVIEWWSGMEXIH[MXLMXEVIEPWSI\TSVXIH;LIR]SY[ERXXS
MQTSVXE*PYMH4EGOEKIEXEPEXIVHEXIXLINotesXEFEPPS[]SYXSZMI[
MRJSVQEXMSREFSYXXLI*PYMH4EGOEKI

1-57
1-58 Fluid Package Property View

1-58
 Hypotheticals 2-59

2 Hypotheticals

2.1 Hypo Manager............................................................................................. 62

2.2 Adding a Hypothetical - Quick Start ......................................................... 63

2.2.1 Creating the Ethanol Hypo ..................................................................... 63
2.2.2 Hypo/Library Component Comparison................................................... 68

2.3 Creating a Hypo Group .............................................................................. 69

2.3.1 Tabular Hypothetical Input View............................................................. 70
2.3.2 Supplying Basic Information................................................................... 73
2.3.3 UNIFAC Structure .................................................................................. 77

2.4 Hypothetical Component Property View .................................................. 80

2.4.1 ID Tab..................................................................................................... 82
2.4.2 Critical Tab ............................................................................................. 82
2.4.3 Point Tab ................................................................................................ 83
2.4.4 TDep Tab ............................................................................................... 85

2.5 Solid Hypotheticals .................................................................................... 88

2.6 Cloning Library Components.................................................................... 92

2.7 Hypo Controls............................................................................................. 94

2.8 References .................................................................................................. 95

2-59
2-60

2-60
 Hypotheticals 2-61

,=7=7EPPS[W]SYXSGVIEXIRSRPMFVEV]SV,]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXW
JVSQXLIHypo Manager,]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXWGERFITYVI
GSQTSRIRXWHIJMRIHQM\XYVIWYRHIJMRIHQM\XYVIWSVWSPMHW=SYGER
EPWSGSRZIVXGPSRI,=7=7PMFVEV]GSQTSRIRXWMRXS,]TSXLIXMGEPW
[LMGLEPPS[W]SYXSQSHMJ]XLIPMFVEV]ZEPYIW8LI,]TS1EREKIVMW
PSGEXIHSRXLIHypotheticalsXEFSJXLISimulation Basis Manager

%[MHIWIPIGXMSRSJIWXMQEXMSRQIXLSHWMWTVSZMHIHJSVXLIZEVMSYW
,]TSKVSYTWL]HVSGEVFSRWEPGSLSPWIXGXSIRWYVIXLIFIWX
VITVIWIRXEXMSRSJXLIFILEZMSYVSJXLI,]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXMRXLI
WMQYPEXMSR-REHHMXMSRQIXLSHWEVITVSZMHIHJSVIWXMQEXMRKXLI
MRXIVEGXMSRFMREVMIWFIX[IIRL]TSXLIXMGEPWERHPMFVEV]GSQTSRIRXW
=SYGEREPWSYWI,]TSXLIXMGEPW[MXLXLI8EFYPEV4EGOEKIEW[IPPEWMR
6IEGXMSRW

-R,=7=7,]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXWI\MWXMRHITIRHIRXSJXLI*PYMH
4EGOEKI;LIRE,]TSXLIXMGEPMWGVIEXIHMXMWTPEGIHMRE,]TS+VSYT
*VSQXLI,]TS1EREKIV]SYGERGVIEXIRI[,]TS+VSYTWERHQSZI
,]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXW[MXLMRXLI,]TS+VSYTW,]TS+VSYTWGER
EPWSFIMQTSVXIHERHI\TSVXIHXLYWQEOMRKXLIQEZEMPEFPIXSER]
WMQYPEXMSRGEWI

7MRGI,]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXWEVIRSXI\GPYWMZIP]EWWSGMEXIH[MXLE
TEVXMGYPEV*PYMH4EGOEKIMXMWTSWWMFPIJSVQYPXMTPI*PYMH4EGOEKIWXS
WLEVI,]TSXLIXMGEPW-RSXLIV[SVHW]SYRIIHSRP]GVIEXIE
,]TSXLIXMGEPSRGIERHMXGERFIYWIHMRER]*PYMH4EGOEKIMRXLIGEWI

2-61
2-62 Hypo Manager

Note that you can Import and

 ,]TS1EREKIV
Export Hypothetical groups,
allowing you to use defined 7IPIGXMRKXLIHypotheticalsXEFJVSQXLISimulation Basis Manager
hypotheticals in any future [MPPTVSHYGIXLIJSPPS[MRKZMI[
simulation.
Figure 2.1

Hypothetical groups and

individual hypothetical
components can be installed
in more than one Fluid 8LIPIJXWMHISJXLIZMI[MWXLIHypothetical GroupsFS\8LMWPMWXWEPP
Package. XLI,]TSXLIXMGEPKVSYTWGYVVIRXP]MRWXEPPIHMRXLIWMQYPEXMSR8LI
EZEMPEFPIGSQQERHWJSVXLMWKVSYTEGGIWWIHZMEXLIEWWSGMEXIH
FYXXSRWEVI

Button Description
Accesses the Tabular Hypothetical Input view for the
View
selected group.
Add Adds a Hypothetical Group to the present case.
Delete Deletes the selected Hypothetical Group from the case.
Import Imports a Hypothetical Group from disk
Exports the selected Hypothetical Group and saves it to a
Export
file, so that it can be retrieved at a later time.

8LIVMKLXWMHISJXLIZMI[MWXLI Hypothetical Quick Reference KVSYT

8LMWKVSYTHMWTPE]WEPP,]TSXLIXMGEPWGYVVIRXP]MRWXEPPIHMRXLI&EWMW
)RZMVSRQIRXNameGSPYQREPSRK[MXLXLIMVEWWSGMEXIH,]TS+VSYTW
Group NameGSPYQR

2-62
 Hypotheticals 2-63

8LIEZEMPEFPIFYXXSRW[MXLMRXLMWKVSYTEVI

Button Description
View Hypo Access the property view for the highlighted Hypothetical.
Access the Tabular Hypothetical Input view for the
View Group
highlighted Hypothetical.
Move Hypos Move Hypotheticals from one Hypo Group to another.
Use a copy of a selected library components as the basis
Clone Comps
for defining a Hypothetical.

 %HHMRKE,]TSXLIXMGEP
5YMGO7XEVX
-RXLMWI\EQTPI[I[MPPHIJMRIEL]TSXLIXMGEP)XLERSPGSQTSRIRXERH
GSQTEVIXLIVIWYPXWXSXLIPMFVEV])XLERSPGSQTSRIRXYWMRKXLIWilson
TVSTIVX]TEGOEKI8LIIXLERSPL]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXMWHIJMRIHEW
LEZMRKEFSMPMRKTSMRXSJš'ERHEWTIGMJMGKVEZMX]SJ

From the Session Preferences

view, select SI as the units for  'VIEXMRKXLI)XLERSP,]TS
the case.
 3TIRERI[GEWIMR,=7=7ERHWIPIGXXLIHypotheticalsXEFSJXLI
Simulation Basis Manager

Figure 2.2

You must install a

Hypothetical Group before you
can install a Hypo component.
 *VSQXLIHypothetical GroupsWIGXMSRTVIWWXLIAddFYXXSRXS
GVIEXIERI[,]TSXLIXMGEP+VSYT,=7=7EYXSQEXMGEPP]REQIWXLMW
KVSYTHypoGroup1=SYGERGLERKIXLIREQIPEXIVMJHIWMVIH

2-63
2-64 Adding a Hypothetical - Quick Start

 ;LIR]SYEHHERI[,]TSXLIXMGEP+VSYT,=7=7EYXSQEXMGEPP]
STIRWXLITabular Hypothetical InputZMI[[LIVI]SYEHHERH
HIJMRIXLI,]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXWJSVXLIKVSYT3RXLMWZMI[
IRXIVERI[Group Name, HypoAlcohol

Figure 2.3

 2SXMGIXLEXXLI,=7=7HIJEYPXMRXLIComponent Class GIPPMW

,]HVSGEVFSR*SVXLMWI\EQTPIGLERKIXLIWIPIGXMSRXSAlcohol

Figure 2.4

 8LIRI\XXLMRKXSHSMWMRWXEPPE,]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRX*VSQXLI
Individual Hypo ControlsKVSYTWIPIGXXLI Add HypoFYXXSR8LMW
EHHWE,]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXERHEYXSQEXMGEPP]REQIWMX
Hypo20000
 )RXIVERI[REQIJSVXLMWGSQTSRIRXF]X]TMRKHypoEtohMRXLI
NameGIPP
 -RXLINBPGIPPIRXIVXLIRSVQEPFSMPMRKTSMRXSJXLIGSQTSRIRX
EW78.25 °C

2-64
 Hypotheticals 2-65

 8LIWTIGMJMGKVEZMX]JSVXLIL]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXMW-RXLI
Liq DensityGIPPIRXIV0.789ERHWIPIGXXLISG_H2O60apiYRMXW%
PMUYMHHIRWMX]SJOKQ MWGEPGYPEXIHF],=7=7


Figure 2.5

 %PXLSYKL,=7=7GSYPHIWXMQEXIXLIYRORS[RTVSTIVXMIWJSV
,]TS)XSL[MXLSRP]XLI2&4ERH0MUYMH(IRWMX]QSVIEGGYVEXI
VIWYPXW[MPPFISFXEMRIHMJXLIGSQTSRIRXWXVYGXYVIMWWYTTPMIH
4VIWWXLIUNIFACFYXXSRXSEGGIWWXLIUNIFAC Component
Builder

Figure 2.6

 8LIGLIQMGEPJSVQYPESJIXLERSPMWC2H5OHERHMXMWGSQTVMWIHSJ
XLIKVSYTWCH3CH2ERHOH,MKLPMKLXCH3MRXLI%ZEMPEFPI
UNIFAC GroupsPMWX-XMWXLIJMVWXWIPIGXMSRMRXLIPMWX
 4VIWWXLIAdd Group(s)FYXXSR2SXMGIXLEXELEWETTIEVIHYRHIV
7YF+VSYTMRXLIUNIFAC StructureKVSYT&]HIJEYPX,=7=7
EWWMKRWXLIZEPYIXSXLIHow ManyGIPP7MRGIXLMWMWXLIRYQFIV
SJCH3KVSYTWVIUYMVIH]SYGERPIEZIXLMWZEPYI8LIRYQFIVSJ
*VII&SRHWLEWMRGVIEWIHXS[MXLXLIEHHMXMSRSJXLI',7YF
+VSYT

2-65
2-66 Adding a Hypothetical - Quick Start

 8SEHHXLICH2KVSYTLMKLPMKLXMXMRXLIAvailable UNIFAC Groups

PMWXMXMWXLIWIGSRHMRXLIPMWXERHTVIWWXLIAdd Group(s)FYXXSR
%KEMRSRP]17YF+VSYTMWVIUYMVIHWSXLIHIJEYPXMWEGGITXEFPI
 7MRGIXLIOHKVSYTMWRSXMQQIHMEXIP]ZMWMFPIMRXLIPMWXSJ
Notice that the Incomplete Available UNIFAC GroupsEHMJJIVIRXETTVSEGL[MPPFIXEOIR-R
status message is replaced XLIUNIFAC StructureMRTYXJMIPHX]TIOHEXXLIIRHSJXLI
with Complete when there are
I\MWXMRKWXVYGXYVICH3CH2ERHTVIWW<Enter>
0 Free Bonds.

Figure 2.7

 3RGIXLI92-*%'7XVYGXYVIMWGSQTPIXI,=7=7GEPGYPEXIWXLI
Close Button 92-*%'&EWIERH'VMXMGEP4VSTIVXMIW4VIWWXLICloseFYXXSRXS
GPSWIXLIZMI[ERHVIXYVRXSXLITabular Hypothetical InputZMI[
 ,=7=7GERRS[YWIXLII\MWXMRKMRJSVQEXMSR2&40MUYMH(IRWMX]
Property Estimation Methods ERH92-*%'WXVYGXYVIXSIWXMQEXIXLIVIQEMRMRKTVSTIVXMIWJSV
are explained in Section 2.3.2
XLI,]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRX*MVWXXLI)WXMQEXMSR1IXLSHXLEX
- Supplying Basic
Information. ,=7=7YWIW[MPPFII\EQMRIH4VIWWXLIEstimation Methods
FYXXSRXSEGGIWWXLIProperty EstimationZMI[

Figure 2.8

2-66
 Hypotheticals 2-67

 -J]SY[ERX]SYGERGLERKIXLIIWXMQEXMSRQIXLSHJSVER]SJXLI
TVSTIVXMIW-RXLMWI\EQTPIEPPXLITVSTIVXMIW[MPPYWIXLIDefault
Method4VIWWXLICloseFYXXSRXSVIXYVRXSXLITabular
Hypothetical InputZMI[
 4VIWWXLIEstimate Unknown PropsFYXXSRERH,=7=7[MPPYWIXLI
GYVVIRXP]WTIGMJMIHQIXLSHWXSIWXMQEXIXLIYRORS[RTVSTIVXMIW
JSVXLIGSQTSRIRX8LIQSPIGYPEV[IMKLXJSVXLIL]TSXLIXMGEP[MPP
FIXLIWEQIEWXLIQSPIGYPEV[IMKLXJSVIXLERSPWMRGIXLI
92-*%'WXVYGXYVIMWYWIHJSVXLI,]TSGSQTSRIRX

Figure 2.9

Remember that specified

values are displayed in blue,
and HYSYS estimated values
are displayed in red.

 =SYGERI\EQMRIEPPTVSTIVXMIWJSVXLI,]TSXLVSYKLMXWTVSTIVX]
ZMI[(SYFPIGPMGOSRXLI,]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXREQI
HypoEtohXSEGGIWWXLIComponentTVSTIVX]ZMI[

Figure 2.10

For further information

regarding the Property View,
refer to Section 2.4 -
Hypothetical Component
Property View.

 4VIWWXLICloseFYXXSRXSVIXYVRXSXLITabular Hypothetical Input

ZMI[

2-67
2-68 Adding a Hypothetical - Quick Start

 4VIWWXLICloseFYXXSRERH,=7=7VIXYVRW]SYXSXLIHypotheticals
XEFSJXLISimulation Basis Manager8LI)XLERSP,]TSXLIXMGEP
LEWFIIRGVIEXIH

 ,]TS0MFVEV]'SQTSRIRX
'SQTEVMWSR
8SGSRGPYHIGSQTEVIXLIIXLERSPL]TSXLIXMGEPXSXLIIXLERSPPMFVEV]
GSQTSRIRX

 1SZIXSXLIFluid PkgsXEFSJXLISimulation Basis ManagerERH

TVIWWXLI AddFYXXSRXSMRWXEPPXLIRI[*PYMH4EGOEKI
 3RXLIProp PkgXEFWIPIGXWilsonEWXLI4VSTIVX]4EGOEKI
 1SZIXSXLIComponentsXEFERHEHHEthanolXSXLICurrent
Component List
 7IPIGXXLIHypotheticalVEHMSFYXXSRJVSQXLI Add CompsKVSYT
 *VSQXLI,]TS'SQTSRIRXWKVSYTLMKLPMKLXXLIHypoEtoh*
GSQTSRIRXERHTVIWWXLIAdd HypoFYXXSR
 1SZIXSXLIBinary CoeffsXEFERHTVIWWXLIUnknowns Only
FYXXSRMRXLI'SIJJ)WXMQEXMSRKVSYT
 4VIWWXLICloseFYXXSRSRXLIFluid Package TVSTIVX]ZMI[
 4VIWWXLIEnter Simulation EnvironmentFYXXSRXSIRXIVXLI1EMR
)RZMVSRQIRX
Close Button  -RXLI;SVOFSSOGVIEXIXLIWXVIEQPure)RXIVEZETSYVJVEGXMSRSJ
0ERHETVIWWYVISJ1 atmJSVXLIWXVIEQ)RXIV1JSVXLIQSPI
JVEGXMSRSJ)XLERSPERH0JSV,]TS)XSL 
 2S[GVIEXIEWIGSRHWXVIEQHypo)RXIVEZETSYVJVEGXMSRSJ0ERH
ETVIWWYVISJ1 atmJSVXLIWXVIEQ8LIQSPIJVEGXMSRSJHypoEtoh*
MW1ERHXLEXJSV)XLERSPMW0

;LIR]SYLEZIWTIGMJMIHXLIWIX[SWXVIEQW,=7=7[MPPGEPGYPEXIXLI
FYFFPITSMRXXIQTIVEXYVIJSVIEGLWXVIEQ8LIConditionsXEFSJXLI
TVSTIVX]ZMI[JSVIEGLWXVIEQMWWLS[RFIPS[

2-68
 Hypotheticals 2-69

Figure 2.11

 'VIEXMRKE,]TS+VSYT
;LIRHIJMRMRKEL]TSXLIXMGEPXLIVIMWRSWIXTVSGIHYVI8LIJSPPS[MRK
MWEWYKKIWXIHWIUYIRGI[LMGL]SYGERJSPPS[

 'VIEXIXLI,]TS+VSYT7IISection 2.3.1 - Tabular Hypothetical

Input View
 7IPIGXXLI'SQTSRIRX'PEWWJSVXLI,]TS+VSYT7IISection 2.3.1
- Tabular Hypothetical Input ViewHypo Group Controls
 7IXXLI)WXMQEXMSR1IXLSHWJSVXLI+VSYTSTXMSREP7IISection
2.3.2 - Supplying Basic InformationEstimation Methods
 -RWXEPPXLI,]TSXLIXMGEPW
 7YTTP]EPPMRJSVQEXMSRXLEX]SYLEZIJSVXLI,]TS7IISection
2.3.2 - Supplying Basic InformationMinimum Information
Required
 7YTTP]E92-*%'WXVYGXYVIJSVXLI,]TSSTXMSREP7IISection
2.3.3 - UNIFAC Structure
 )WXMQEXIXLI4VSTIVXMIWJSVXLI,]TS

2-69
2-70 Creating a Hypo Group

 8EFYPEV,]TSXLIXMGEP-RTYX
:MI[
%WQIRXMSRIHMRXLI,]TSXLIXMGEP5YMGO7XEVXI\EQTPI]SYEHHE,]TS
+VSYTF]WIPIGXMRKXLIAddFYXXSRJVSQXLIHypotheticalsXEFSJXLI
Simulation Basis Manager8LMWSTIRWXLITabular Hypothetical Input
ZMI[[LMGLGSRXEMRWX[SKVSYTWHypo Group ControlsERH
Individual Hypo ControlsERHEXEFPISJIWXMQEXIHSVORS[RTVSTIVX]
ZEPYIW

Figure 2.12

,]TS+VSYT'SRXVSPW
8LMWKVSYTGSRXEMRWXLIJSPPS[MRKSTXMSRW

Note that for the Component Option Description

Class, there are varying levels Displays the current name for the Hypothetical Group.
of specificity. For example, HYSYS will provide a default name, but you can change
under Alcohol, you can specify Group Name
this to a more descriptive name. Individual Hypothetical
sub-classes of alcohols, such as components must reside inside of a Hypothetical group.
Aliphatic, Aromatic, Cyclo and
Poly. Using a stricter degree of Every component in a Hypo Group must be of a common
Component Class. The options are accessed via the drop
component type assists HYSYS
down list attached to the input cell. There is a wide
in choosing appropriate
Component selection of available Classes, which allows for better
estimation methods; however,
Class estimation of the component properties. HYSYS will, by
it forces all components to be default, select the Component Class to be Hydrocarbon.
calculated using the same Prior to installing any components, select the Component
method. If you wish to mix Class.
component classes (i.e., both
Aliphatic and Aromatic inside Accesses the Property Estimation view, from which you
the same Hypo Group), select Estimation can select an estimation method for each property. The
the more general Component Methods selected estimation methods apply to all Hypotheticals in
Class of Alcohol. the Hypo Group.

2-70
 Hypotheticals 2-71

Option Description
This button estimates the unknown properties for all
Estimate Hypothetical components within the Hypo Group, using
Unknown the methods chosen on the Property Estimation view.
Props See Section 2.3.2 - Supplying Basic Information,
Minimum Information Required.
HYSYS allows you to convert library components into
Clone Library
hypothetical components. For more information, see
Comps
Section 2.6 - Cloning Library Components.
Allows you to supply Notes and Descriptions for the
Hypothetical Group. This is useful when exporting Hypo
Documentation
groups, because when you import them later, the
description appears along with the Hypo group name.

-RHMZMHYEP,]TS'SRXVSPW
8LIIndividual Hypo Controls MWXLIKVSYTEXXLIFSXXSQSJXLITabular
Hypothetical InputZMI[-XGSRXEMRWX[SVEHMSFYXXSRWJSVW[MXGLMRK
FIX[IIRBase PropertiesERHVapour Pressure HEXEERHJMZISXLIV
FYXXSRWYWIHJSVQERMTYPEXMRKXLI,]TSXLIXMGEPW[MXLMRXLI,]TS
+VSYT

Button Description
Displays the Property View for the highlighted
View
hypothetical component.
Automatically adds a new hypothetical component to the
group. HYSYS places the new Hypo in the table, and
Add Hypo
The View, Delete, and names it according to the default naming convention (set
UNIFAC buttons will not be in the Session Preferences).
available unless a Automatically adds a new solid hypothetical component to
hypothetical is present in the the group. HYSYS places the new Hypo in the table, and
case. Add Solid
names it according to the default naming convention (set
in the Session Preferences).
Deletes the highlighted hypothetical component from the
Delete
case. Once you delete a Hypo it cannot be recovered.
Opens the UNIFAC Component Builder, from which you
UNIFAC can provide the UNIFAC Structure for the highlighted
hypothetical component.

8LIXEFPIHMWTPE]IHMRXLIQMHHPIWIGXMSRSJXLITabular Hypothetical
Input ZMI[HMWTPE]WIMXLIVXLIBase PropertiesSVXLIVapour Pressure
TVSTIVXMIWHITIRHMRKSR[LMGLVEHMSFYXXSRMWWIPIGXIH=SYGEREHHE
RI[,]TSGSQTSRIRXMRIMXLIVXLIBase PropertiesSVVapour Pressure
ZMI[

2-71
2-72 Creating a Hypo Group

&EWI4VSTIVXMIW
8LI&EWI4VSTIVXMIWJSVIEGL,]TSXLIXMGEPEVIWLS[RSRXLI8EFYPEV
These properties are the same ,]TSXLIXMGEP-RTYXZMI[[LIRXLI&EWI4VSTIVXMIWVEHMSFYXXSRMW
as those shown on the Critical
tab of the Hypo component WIPIGXIH
property view.
Figure 2.13

8LIXEFPIPMWXWIEGL,]TSXLIXMGEPEPSRK[MXLXLIJSPPS[MRK&EWI
4VSTIVXMIW

Base Property Description

NBP Normal boiling point.
MW Molecular weight.
Liq Density Liquid density.
Individual Base Properties are
supplied by selecting the Tc Critical temperature.
appropriate cell. This Pc Critical pressure.
activates the Edit Bar,
providing access to the units Vc Critical volume.
drop down list. Acentricity Acentric factor.

2-72
 Hypotheticals 2-73

:ETSYV4VIWWYVI4VSTIVXMIW

Figure 2.14

The values shown on this view

are also available on the TDep
tab of the individual Hypo
property view.

Use the horizontal scroll bar to

view Coeff E and Coeff F.

8LI:ETSYV4VIWWYVIXEFPIHMWTPE]WXLIXIQTIVEXYVIVERKIERH%RXSMRI
'SIJJMGMIRXWJSVXLIL]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXW%PWSWLS[REVIXLI
TVIWWYVIERHXIQTIVEXYVIYRMXWSR[LMGLXLIIUYEXMSRMWFEWIHERHXLI
JSVQSJXLIIUYEXMSR

 7YTTP]MRK&EWMG-RJSVQEXMSR
&IJSVI,=7=7GERIWXMQEXIXLITVSTIVXMIWJSVEL]TSXLIXMGEPWSQI
MRJSVQEXMSREFSYXXLI,]TSQYWXFITVSZMHIH*SVXLIIWXMQEXMSR]SY
QYWXWYTTP]EQMRMQYQEQSYRXSJMRJSVQEXMSRERHWIPIGXXLI
IWXMQEXMSRQIXLSHWXSFIYWIH

1MRMQYQ-RJSVQEXMSR6IUYMVIH
-JXLIL]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXMWHIJMRIHEWEL]HVSGEVFSRXLI
The more information you can ETTVSTVMEXIHIJEYPXGSVVIPEXMSRWGERFIYWIHXSGEPGYPEXIMXWGVMXMGEP
supply, the more accurate the
TVSTIVXMIWSVER]SXLIVQMWWMRKMRJSVQEXMSR-XWMRXIVEGXMSRTEVEQIXIVW
estimations will be.
[MPPEPWSFIGEPGYPEXIHF],=7=7FEWIHSRXLIIWXMQEXIHGVMXMGEP
TVSTIVXMIW*SV,=7=7XSIWXMQEXIXLIGSQTSRIRXkWGVMXMGEPTVSTIVXMIW
EQMRMQYQEQSYRXSJMRJSVQEXMSRQYWXFIWYTTPMIHEWWLS[RMRXLI
JSPPS[MRKXEFPI

Normal Boiling Point Minimum Required Information

< 700 °F (370 °C) Boiling Point
> 700 °F (370 °C) Boiling Point and Liquid Density
Unknown API & Molecular Weight

2-73
2-74 Creating a Hypo Group

)WXMQEXMSR1IXLSHW
4VMSVXSMRWXEPPMRKER],]TSXLIXMGEPWMRXSE,]TSKVSYTI\EQMRIXLI
)WXMQEXMSR1IXLSHW[LMGL,=7=7YWIWXSGEPGYPEXIXLIYRORS[R
TVSTIVXMIWJSVEL]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRX=SYGERWTIGMJ]XLI
IWXMQEXMSRQIXLSHJSVIEGLTVSTIVX]7IPIGXXLIEstimation Methods
FYXXSRSRXLITabular Hypothetical InputZMI[

Figure 2.15

8LI)WXMQEXMSR1IXLSHWXLEX]SYGLSSWIJSVXLI,]TS+VSYTETTP]XS
EPP,]TSXLIXMGEPWMRXLIKVSYT

8LIVIEVIXLVIIKVSYTWMRXLIProperty EstimationZMI[

Group Description View

This group lists all the available properties.
From the list, choose the property for which
you want to set the Estimation Method. Use
the scroll bar to move through the list. Initially,
HYSYS sets all the properties to the Default
Property to Set Method.
Methods For

2-74
 Hypotheticals 2-75

Group Description View

This drop down list displays all the available
estimation methods for the highlighted
property. Depending on the property, the
Estimation Method drop down list will differ. The list shown here
For Selected is a partial display of estimation methods for
Property Critical Temperature.

This group lists all the variables that will be

affected by the chosen estimation method.
The list changes depending on the property
chosen. For instance when you select an
Variables Affected
estimation method for Critical Temperature,
by this Estimate you are not only affecting the critical
temperature, but also the properties which
use critical temperature in their estimation or
calculation.

8LIJSPPS[MRKXEFPIMRHMZMHYEPP]PMWXWIEGLPropertyMXWDefault Method
MXWAvailable Estimation MethodsERHXLIVariables Affected F]
IWXMQEXMRKXLI4VSTIVX]-XMWYRHIVWXSSHXLEXIEGLTVSTIVX]GERLEZI
Do Not EstimateGLSWIREWMXW)WXMQEXMSR1IXLSHWSXLMWSTXMSRHSIW
RSXETTIEVMRXLIAvailable MethodsPMWX

Property Default Method Available Methods Variables Affected

Critical • if ρLIQ > 1067kg/m3 orNBP > Aspen, Bergman, Cavett, Chen • Critical Temperature
Temperature 800 K, Lee-Kesler is used Hu, Eaton Porter, Edmister, • Standard Liquid Density
Group Contribution, Lee Kesler,
• if NBP < 548.16 K and • COSTALD Variables
Mathur, Meissner Redding,
ρLIQ<850 kg/m3, Bergman is Nokay, Riazi Dauber, Roess, • Viscosity Thetas
used PennState, Standing, Twu
• all other cases, Cavett is
used
Critical • if ρLIQ > 1067 kg/m3 or NBP > Aspen, Bergman, Cavett, • Critical Pressure
Pressure 800 K, Lee-Kesler is used Edmister, Group Contribution, • Standard Liquid Density
Lee Kesler, Lydersen, Mathur,
• if NBP < 548.16 K and ρLIQ • COSTALD Variables
PennState, Riazi Daubert,
<850 kg/m3, Bergman is Rowe, Standing, Twu • Viscosity Thetas
used
• all other cases, Cavett is
used
Critical Volume • Pitzer Group Contribution, Pitzer, Twu • Critical Volume
• Standard Liquid Density
• COSTALD Variables
• Viscosity Thetas

2-75
2-76 Creating a Hypo Group

Property Default Method Available Methods Variables Affected

Acentricity • for Hydrocarbon, Lee-Kesler Bergman, Edmister, Lee Kesler, • ω
is used Pitzer, Pitzer Curl, Robinson • ωGs
Peng • Standard Liquid Density
• all other cases, Pitzer is used
• COSTALD Variables
• Viscosity Thetas
Molecular • if NBP < 155 °F, Bergman is API, Aspen, Aspen Leastq, • Molecular Weight
Weight used Bergman, Hariu Sage, Katz
Firoozabadi, Katz Nokay, Lee
• all other cases, Lee-Kesler is Kesler, PennState, Riazi
used Daubert, Robinson Peng, Twu,
Whitson
Normal Boiling • Hyprotech proprietary Twu • Normal Boiling Point
Point method • Viscosity Thetas
Vapour • for Hydrocarbon, Lee-Kesler Gomez Thodos, Lee Kesler • Antoine Coefficient
Pressure is used • PRSV_kappa
• all other cases, Riedel is used
Liquid Density • Yen-Woods Bergman, BergmanPNA, Chueh • Standard liquid Density
Prausnitz, Gunn Yamada, Hariu • COSTALD Variables
Sage, Katz Firuzabadi, Lee
Kesler, Twu, Whitson,
Yarborough, Yen Woods
Ideal Gas • Cavett Cavett, Falon Watson, Group • Ideal H Coefficient
Enthalpy Contribution, Lee Kesler,
Modified Lee Kesler,
Heat of • for chemical structure defined Group Contribution • Heat of Formation
Formation in UNIFAC groups, Joback is • Heat of Combustion
used
• all other cases, this formula is
used:
H form ( octane ) ⋅ MW
--------------------------------------------------
MW ( octane )
Ideal Gas Gibbs • Hyprotech proprietary Group Contribution • Gibbs Coefficient
Energy method
Heat of • Two Reference Fluid (using Chen, Pitzer, Riedel, Two • Cavett Variables

Vapourization benzene and carbazole) Reference , Vetere
Liquid • for non-Hydorcarbon or NBP Hyprotech Proprietary, Letsou • Viscosity Thetas
Viscosity < 270 K Letsou Stiel is used Stiel
• for Hydorcarbon and NBP <
335 K, NBS viscosity is used
• all other cases, Twu is used
Surface • Brock Bird Brock Bird, Gray, Hankin, • Tabular Variables
Tension Sprow Prausnitz
Radius of • Hyprotech proprietary Default Only • Critical Temperature
Gyration method • Critical Pressure
• Normal Boiling Point
• Molecular Weight
• Standard Liquid Density

2-76
 Hypotheticals 2-77

-RHIJMRMRK,]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXWXLIVIEVIWSQITVSTIVXMIWJSV
[LMGL]SYGERRSXWIPIGXXLIIWXMQEXMSRQIXLSH,=7=7HIXIVQMRIWXLI
TVSTIVQIXLSHFEWIHSRMRJSVQEXMSR]SYLEZITVSZMHIH8LIJSPPS[MRK
XEFPIPMWXWXLIWITVSTIVXMIWERHXLIMVVIWTIGXMZIHIJEYPXQIXLSHW

Property Default Estimation Method

• the previously calculated Liquid Heat
Liquid Enthalpy
Capacity is used
• Liquid Enthalpy + Enthalpy of
Vapour Enthalpy
Vapourization
• If Tc > 300 K, Molar Volume from
Chao Seader Molar COSTALD @ 25 °C and 1 atm is used
Volume
• all other cases, ρLIQ @ 60 °F is used
Chao Seader Acentricity • component acentric factor is used
• If Tc > 300K, Watson type Enthalpy of
Chao Seader Solubility Vapourization is used
Parameter
• all other cases, values of 5.0 are used

• Two Reference Fluid method (using
Cavett Parameter
benzene and carbazole)
• No estimation method available, sets value
Dipole Moment
equal to zero
• No estimation method available, sets value
Enthalpy of Combustion
to <empty>
COSTALD Characteristic • if NBP < 155 °F, Bergman is used
Volume • all other cases, Katz-Firoozabadi is used
• for non-Hydrocarbon or NBP < 270 K,
Letsou Stiel is used
Liquid Viscosity • all other cases, Twu is used for
Coefficients A and B Hydrocarbon and NBP < 335 K, NBS
viscosity is used
• all other cases, Twu is used
Vapour Viscosity • Chung
• Vapour Pressure from Antoine’s
PRSV Kappa1
Equation
• Vapour Pressure from Antoine’s
Kfactor1
Equation

 92-*%'7XVYGXYVI
1SWXSJXLIIWXMQEXMSRQIXLSHWVIUYMVIE92-*%'WXVYGXYVIJSVWSQI
EWTIGXSJXLIIWXMQEXMSR-XQE]FIXLEXIMXLIVXLITVSTIVX]MXWIPJSV
WSQISXLIVTVSTIVX]XLEXMWEJJIGXIHF]XLIIWXMQEXMSRTVSGIHYVI
VIUYMVIWXLIGLIQMGEPWXVYGXYVI

8LI92-*%'WXVYGXYVIMWWYTTPMIHXLVSYKLXLIUNIFAC Component
Builder8LMWGERIMXLIVFIEGGIWWIHF]TVIWWMRKXLIUNIFACFYXXSRMR

2-77
2-78 Creating a Hypo Group

XLITabular Hypothetical InputZMI[SVF]WIPIGXMRKXLIStructure

BuilderFYXXSRSRXLI IDXEFSJXLI,]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXTVSTIVX]
ZMI[8LVSYKLIMXLIVVSYXIXLIJSPPS[MRKZMI[MWTVSHYGIH

Figure 2.16

8LIZMI[MWQEHIYTSJXLIJSPPS[MRKSFNIGXW

Objects Description
Note that this section makes UNIFAC Structure Displays the Type and Number of Sub Groups in
reference to both the UNIFAC the UNIFAC Structure.
(the group box)
Structure group (the matrix of
cells) and the UNIFAC Adds the currently selected Sub Group from the
Structure entry field. Add Group(s) Available UNIFAC Groups list box to the UNIFAC
Structure group.
Deletes the currently selected Sub Group in the
Delete Group
UNIFAC Structure group.
Displays the number of free bonds available in the
Free Bonds present UNIFAC Structure. This will be 0 when the
structure is complete.
This bar is found in the centre of the view. It indicates
the present status of the UNIFAC Structure. You will
Status Bar
see either Incomplete in red, Complete in green or
Multi-Molecules in yellow.
Available UNIFAC Contains all the available UNIFAC component Sub
Groups Groups.
UNIFAC Structure Displays the chemical structure of the molecule you
are building.
(the field)
Displays properties such as Molecular Weight, the
UNIFAC Calculated UNQUAC R parameter, and the UNIQUAC Q
Base Properties parameter for a UNIFAC Structure with at least 1 sub
group.
UNIFAC Calculated Displays the critical properties for a UNIFAC
Critical Properties Structure with at least 1 sub group.

2-78
 Hypotheticals 2-79

8LITVSGIHYVIJSVWYTTP]MRKXLI92-*%'WXVYGXYVIMWXSLMKLPMKLXXLI
7YF+VSYTWMRXLI Available UNIFAC GroupsGSPYQRERHWIPIGXXLI
Add Group(s)FYXXSR%HHMXMSREP7YF+VSYTWGERFIEGGIWWIHMRXLIPMWX
F]YWMRKXLI7GVSPP&EV

%W]SYEHH7YF+VSYTW,=7=7HMWTPE]WXLIRYQFIVSJFree Bonds
EZEMPEFPI8LMW[MPPFI^IVS[LIRXLI92-*%'WXVYGXYVIMWGSQTPIXI
;LIR]SYLEZIWYTTPMIHIRSYKLKVSYTWXSWEXMWJ]XLIFSRHWXVYGXYVI
XLIWXEXYWQIWWEKIGLERKIWXSComplete[MXLEKVIIRFEGOKVSYRH

%W]SYWTIGMJ]KVSYTWXLIUNIFAC Calculated Base PropertiesERH

UNIFAC Calculated Critical Properties[MPPFIEYXSQEXMGEPP]YTHEXIH
FEWIHSRXLIRI[WXVYGXYVI

8LIVIEVIXLVIIQIXLSHWEZEMPEFPIJSVEHHMRK7YF+VSYTWXSXLI
92-*%'7XVYGXYVI

Sub Group Description

The list of Available UNIFAC Groups displays all the sub
groups. Notice that CH3 is the first selection in this list.
You can highlight more than You can use the scroll bars to move through the list until
Highlighting
one sub group, and add all at you find the group you need. When you find the correct
the Sub Group
the same time. Sub Group, highlight it, and press the Add Group(s)
button. The sub group now appears in the UNIFAC
Structure group.
Each sub group has a number associated with it. If you
know the number for the sub group you want to add to the
UNIFAC Structure, move the active location to the Sub
Note the difference between Using the Sub Group column of the UNIFAC Structure group. Enter the
the UNIFAC Structure group number of the Sub Group. HYSYS does not automatically
Group Number
(the matrix of cells) and the fill in the number of sub groups. Move the active location
UNIFAC Structure entry field. to the How Many column and type in the number of sub
groups required.
Notice the UNIFAC Structure input field near the bottom
Typing in the of the view. Any sub groups already installed are listed
here. Place the cursor after the last group, and type in the
UNIFAC
group to install. For instance, if we want to add an OH
Structure input group, type in OH. When you type the sub group in this
field box, HYSYS automatically adds it to the UNIFAC
Structure group box.

=SYGEREHHQYPXMTPIWSJE7YF+VSYTMRXLIUNIFAC Structure
FS\8]TIXLIRYQFIVSJ7YF+VSYTWERHXLI7YF+VSYTREQI
WITEVEXIHF]EWTEGI*SVI\EQTPIX]TI3 CH2XSEHHXLVII
',KVSYTWXSXLI92-*%'WXVYGXYVINOTE=SYGERRSXEHH
7YF+VSYTWMRXLMW[E]XSERI\MWXMRK92-*%'WXVYGXYVI

2-79
2-80 Hypothetical Component Property View

,=7=7[MPPEYXSQEXMGEPP]GEPGYPEXI&EWI4VSTIVXMIWERH'VMXMGEP
4VSTIVXMIWYWMRKXLIGYVVIRXP]WYTTPMIHWXVYGXYVI

 ,]TSXLIXMGEP
'SQTSRIRX4VSTIVX]
:MI[
,]TSXLIXMGEPWPMOIPMFVEV]GSQTSRIRXWLEZIXLIMVS[RTVSTIVX]ZMI[
3RGIMRWMHI]SYGEREHHSVQSHMJ]MRJSVQEXMSRSVI\EQMRIXLIVIWYPXW
SJXLIIWXMQEXMSRW

=SYGEREGGIWWXLITVSTIVX]ZMI[JSVXLI,]TSGSQTSRIRXJVSQ
HMJJIVIRXZMI[W

View Method of Accessing Hypo

Simulation Basis All the hypothetical components are displayed in the

Hypothetical Quick Reference group. You can
Manager,
either double click on the component name, or
Hypotheticals Tab highlight it and press the View Hypo button.
All the hypothetical components in the Hypo Group
Tabular you have chosen to view, are displayed. Either
Hypothetical Input double click on the Hypo component you want to
view, or highlight it and press the View button.
Fluid Package If you select the Hypothetical radio button, the
property view, Hypo Components group displays all the Hypos in
Components Tab the case. Double click on the one you want to view.
Once you have added a hypothetical to the Current
Fluid Package, Component List group, you can highlight it and
Components Tab press the View Comp button or object inspect its
name and select View.

%HypotheticalTVSTIVX]ZMI[MWQEHIYTSJJMZIXEFW7SQISJXLIXEFW
LEZIVEHMSFYXXSRWJSVW[MXGLMRKFIX[IIRXLIZEVMSYWTVSTIVXMIW;LIR
EHMJJIVIRXVEHMSFYXXSRMWWIPIGXIH,=7=7[MPPVIHVE[XLIZMI[[MXLXLI
MRJSVQEXMSRETTVSTVMEXIXSXLIMXIQ

:MWMFPIJVSQIZIV]XEFMRXLIZMI[MWXLI Estimate Unknown Properties

FYXXSRJSYRHEXXLIFSXXSQSJTVSTIVX]ZMI[%JXIV]SYLEZIIRXIVIH
EHIUYEXIIWXMQEXMSRTEVEQIXIVW]SYGERWIPIGXXLMWFYXXSRXS
GSQTPIXIXLIL]TSXLIXMGEPIWXMQEXMSR

2-80
 Hypotheticals 2-81

Figure 2.17

8LVSYKLSYXXLIXEFWSJXLITVSTIVX]ZMI[MRJSVQEXMSRMWHMWTPE]IHMR
VIHFPYIERHFPEGO:EPYIWHMWTPE]IHMRVIHEVIIWXMQEXIHF],=7=7ERH
ZEPYIWHMWTPE]IHMRFPYIEVIYWIVWYTTPMIH&PEGOZEPYIWVITVIWIRX
GEPGYPEXIHZEPYIWSVMRJSVQEXMSRXLEX]SYGERRSXQSHMJ]MIFamily
ClassSRXLIIDXEF

2SXIXLEX]SYGERWYTTP]ZEPYIWHMVIGXP]JSVER]SJXLIGSQTSRIRX
TVSTIVXMIWSVSZIV[VMXIZEPYIWIWXMQEXIHF],=7=7-J]SYGLERKIE
WTIGMJMIHZEPYIEPPTVSTIVXMIWTVIZMSYWP]IWXMQEXIHYWMRKXLEX
WTIGMJMGEXMSREVIJSVKSXXIR7IPIGXXLIEstimate Unknown PropsFYXXSR
XSLEZIXLITVSTIVXMIWVIGEPGYPEXIH

2-81
2-82 Hypothetical Component Property View

 -(8EF
8LIIDXEFMWXLIJMVWXXEFMRXLIHypo TVSTIVX]ZMI[-JMXMWXLIJMVWXXMQI
]SYEVIIRXIVMRKE4VSTIVX]:MI[,=7=7TPEGIW]SYSRXLMWXEF

Figure 2.18

Use this button to

access the
If a Structure has
UNIFAC
already been
Component
entered, it is
Builder and supply
displayed here.
the structure of the
You can also enter
Hypo
the Structure
directly into this
cell.

 'VMXMGEP8EF
8LICriticalXEFSJXLITVSTIVX]ZMI[HMWTPE]WXLIFEWIERHGVMXMGEP
TVSTIVXMIW8LMWMWXLIWEQIMRJSVQEXMSREWMWHMWTPE]IHSRXLITabular
Hypothetical Input[LIRXLIBase PropertiesVEHMSFYXXSRMWWIPIGXIH

For more information on the =SYGERWYTTP]SVGLERKIXLI&EWI4VSTIVXMIWSRXLMWXEF8LIZMI[W

Minimum Information
required for Property WLS[RMRFigure 2.19HMWTPE]XLICriticalXEFFIJSVIERHEJXIVXLI
Estimation see Section 2.3.2 - Estimate Unknown PropsFYXXSRMWTVIWWIH2SXMGIXLEXWMRGIXLI
Supplying Basic Information 2SVQEP&SMPMRK4SMRX[EWPIWWXLEXš'SRP]XLI1SPIGYPEV;IMKLX
ZEPYI[EWVIUYMVIHJSVXLMWIWXMQEXMSR

2-82
 Hypotheticals 2-83

Figure 2.19

 4SMRX8EF
8LIPointXEFHMWTPE]WAdditional Point PropertiesJSVXLIL]TSXLIXMGEP
8LIVIEVIX[SVEHMSFYXXSRWSRXLIZMI[[LMGLEPPS[]SYXSXSKKPI
FIX[IIRX[SXEFPIWSJMRJSVQEXMSR8LIZMI[WEZEMPEFPIEVI

• Thermodynamic and Physical Properties

• Property Package Molecular Properties

8LIVQSH]REQMGERH4L]WMGEP4VSTIVXMIW
8LMWZMI[HMWTPE]WXLI8LIVQSH]REQMGERH4L]WMGEPTVSTIVXMIWJSVXLI
,]TS,=7=7IWXMQEXIWXLIWIZEPYIWFEWIHSRXLIFEWITVSTIVX]HEXE
IRXIVIHERHXLIGLSWIRIWXMQEXMSRQIXLSHW

2-83
2-84 Hypothetical Component Property View

Figure 2.20

2SXMGIXLEXXLIGIPPHeat of CombHMWTPE]W <empty>8LMWMRHMGEXIW

XLEX,=7=7GERRSXIWXMQEXIXLMWZEPYI[MXLXLIKMZIRMRJSVQEXMSR
,=7=7EPPS[W]SYXSMRTYXEZEPYIJSVXLMWTVSTIVX]

2-84
 Hypotheticals 2-85

4VSTIVX]4EGOEKI1SPIGYPEV4VSTW
8LMWZMI[HMWTPE]WXLI1SPIGYPEVTVSTIVXMIWJSVXLI,]TS8LIZEPYIW
IWXMQEXIHEVIHITIRHIRXSRXLIGLSWIRIWXMQEXMSRQIXLSHJSVIEGL
TVSTIVX]

Figure 2.21

7SQISJXLIGIPPWMRXLMWZMI[HMWTPE]<empty>8LMWMRHMGEXIWXLEX
,=7=7GERRSXIWXMQEXIXLIWIZEPYIW[MXLXLIMRJSVQEXMSRKMZIR=SY
EVILS[IZIVEFPIXSWTIGMJ]ZEPYIWJSVXLIWITVSTIVXMIW

 8(IT8EF
8LITDepXEFHMWTPE]W8IQTIVEXYVI(ITIRHIRX4VSTIVXMIWJSVXLI
L]TSXLIXMGEP8LIVIEVIXLVIIVEHMSFYXXSRWSRXLIZMI[[LMGLEPPS[
]SYXSXSKKPIFIX[IIRXLIXLVIIHMJJIVIRXHMWTPE]WSJMRJSVQEXMSR8LI
ZMI[WEZEMPEFPIEVI

• Vapour Enthalpy
• Gibbs Free Energy
• Vapour Pressure

2-85
2-86 Hypothetical Component Property View

:ETSYV)RXLEPT]
8LI:ETSYV)RXLEPT]GEPGYPEXMSRMWTIVJSVQIHSRE1EWW&EWMW8LI
VIJIVIRGITSMRXJSVXLIIUYEXMSRMWERMHIEPKEWEX/8LIYRMXWJSV1EWW
:ETSYV)RXLEPT]ERH8IQTIVEXYVIEVIO.OKERHHIKVIIW/IPZMR
VIWTIGXMZIP]

Figure 2.22

;LIRVIUYMVIHXLI:ETSYV)RXLEPT]IUYEXMSR[MPPFIMRXIKVEXIHF]
,=7=7XSGEPGYPEXIIRXVST]Note that if enthalpy coefficients are
entered, a constant of integration, g, should be supplied along with the
other coefficients.7TIGMJ]XLMWZEPYIMRXLIKGSIJJMGMIRXGIPP

2SXMGIXLEX,=7=7LEWIWXMQEXIHXLI1MRMQYQERH1E\MQYQ
8IQTIVEXYVIW

&IPS[XLIXIQTIVEXYVIVERKIEVIXLIZEPYIWJSVIEGLSJXLI:ETSYV
)RXLEPT]IUYEXMSRGSIJJMGMIRXWJVSQaXSj,=7=7IWXMQEXIWXLI
GSIJJMGMIRXWFYX]SYQE]GLERKIER]SJXLIZEPYIW

2-86
 Hypotheticals 2-87

:ETSYV4VIWWYVI
8LI:ETSYV4VIWWYVIMWGEPGYPEXIHYWMRKXLI1SHMJMIH%RXSMRIIUYEXMSR
,=7=7IWXMQEXIWXLI1MRMQYQERH1E\MQYQ8IQTIVEXYVIZEPYIW
FEWIHSRXLIWYTTPMIHTVSTIVXMIWERHIWXMQEXMSRQIXLSHW

Figure 2.23

8LIYRMXWYWIHJSV4VIWWYVIERH8IQTIVEXYVIEVIO4EERHHIKVIIW
/IPZMRVIWTIGXMZIP]

8LIFSXXSQWIGXMSRSJXLMWZMI[HMWTPE]WXLIZEPYIWJSVIEGLSJXLI
%RXSMRIIUYEXMSRGSIJJMGMIRXWJVSQaXSj,=7=7IWXMQEXIWXLI
GSIJJMGMIRXWFYX]SYGERGLERKIER]SJXLIZEPYIW

+MFFW*VII)RIVK]
8LI+MFFW*VII)RIVK]GEPGYPEXMSRYWIW)RXLEPT]EWMXWTVSTIVX]X]TI
ERHMWTIVJSVQIHSRE1SPEV&EWMW8LIFEWMWJSVXLIIUYEXMSRMWMHIEP
KEWEXš',=7=7IWXMQEXIWXLI1MRMQYQERH1E\MQYQ
8IQTIVEXYVIZEPYIW

2-87
2-88 Solid Hypotheticals

Figure 2.24

8LIYRMXWJSV1SPEV)RXLEPT]ERH8IQTIVEXYVIEVIO.OKQSPIERH
HIKVIIW/IPZMRVIWTIGXMZIP]

8LIFSXXSQWIGXMSRSJXLIZMI[HMWTPE]WXLIZEPYIWJSVIEGLSJXLI+MFFW
*VII)RIVK]IUYEXMSRGSIJJMGMIRXWJVSQaXSj

8SLEZI,=7=7IWXMQEXIXLI+MFFW*VII)RIVK]GSIJJMGMIRXWWYTTP]XLI
92-*%'WXVYGXYVIERHIRXIVXLI-HIEP+EW+MFFW*VII)RIVK]EXš'MR
XLIaGSIJJMGMIRXGIPP

 7SPMH,]TSXLIXMGEPW
7SPMH,]TSXLIXMGEPWGERFIEHHIHXSER],]TS+VSYTVIKEVHPIWWSJXLI
+VSYT8]TI-RXLIIndividual Hypo ControlsKVSYTSJXLITabular
Solids do not take part in VLE Hypothetical InputZMI[TVIWWXLIAdd SolidFYXXSR
calculations, but they do have
an effect on heat balance ;LIR]SYMRWXEPPE7SPMH,]TS]SY[MPPRSXMGIXLEXWIZIVEPSJXLIBase
calculations.
PropertiesGIPPWSRXLITabular Hypothetical InputZMI[[MPPFI
HMWTPE]IHMRFPEGO8LMWMRHMGEXIWXLEXRSZEPYIGERFIWYTTPMIHMRXLIWI
GIPPW

2-88
 Hypotheticals 2-89

-(8EF
8SHIJMRIXLI7SPMH,]TSEGGIWWMXWTVSTIVX]ZMI[F]LMKLPMKLXMRKXLI
GSQTSRIRXREQISRXLITabular Hypothetical InputZMI[ERH
WIPIGXMRKXLIViewFYXXSR

8LIIDXEFSJXLISolid ComponentTVSTIVX]ZMI[MWXLIWEQIEWXLEX
JSVSXLIV,]TSGSQTSRIRXW2SXIXLEXMRXLMWGEWIXLI*EQMP]'PEWWMW
,EPSKIR8LI'PEWWX]TILEWRSIJJIGXSRXLIZEPYIWGEPGYPEXIHJSVXLI
WSPMHGSQTSRIRX

Figure 2.25

4VSTW8EF
8LIPropsXEFHMWTPE]WXLIFEWMGTVSTIVXMIWSJXLIGSQTSRIRXMRX[S
KVSYTW

• Solid Properties where bulk properties are entered and

• Coal Analysis where data can be entered on a possible Coal
Analysis.

2-89
2-90 Solid Hypotheticals

7SPMH4VSTIVXMIW

8LIQMRMQYQMRJSVQEXMSRXLEXQYWXFIWYTTPMIHMRGPYHIWXLI
Molecular WeightERHXLIDensity=SYGEREGGIWWETTVSTVMEXIYRMXWJSV
IEGLTVSTIVX]XLVSYKLXLI)HMX&EVEXXLIXSTSJXLIZMI[8LISXLIV
7SPMH4VSTIVXMIWEVI

Figure 2.26

Solid Property Description

Particle diameter, if not supplied this will default to 1 mm
Diameter
when the remaining properties are estimated.
Value between zero and one, with one being perfectly
Sphericity
spherical.
Area/Unit Measure of the surface area of the particle as a function
Volume of the particle volume.

'SEP%REP]WMW
=SYGEREPWSTVSZMHIXLIVIWYPXWSJECoal AnalysisSRETIVGIRXEKI
FEWMW

2-90
 Hypotheticals 2-91

4SMRX8EF
8LISRP]MRJSVQEXMSRSRXLIPoint XEFXLEXMWVIPIZERXXSXLI7SPMHMWXLI
,IEXSJ'SQFYWXMSRERH,IEXSJ*SVQEXMSR

Figure 2.27

8LMWMRJSVQEXMSRMWSRP]VIUYMVIHMJ]SYTPERSRYWMRKE7SPMH
GSQTSRIRXEWTEVXSJEVIEGXMSR

8(IT8EF
7MRGI7SPMH,]TSWHSRSXTEVXMGMTEXIMR:0)GEPGYPEXMSRWXLIMVZETSYV
TVIWWYVIMRJSVQEXMSRMWF]HIJEYPXWIXXS^IVS,S[IZIVWMRGIWSPMH
GSQTSRIRXWHSEJJIGX,IEX&EPERGIWXLISpecific Heat MRJSVQEXMSRGER
IMXLIVFIIWXMQEXIHF],=7=7SVWYTTPMIH

2-91
2-92 Cloning Library Components

Figure 2.28
Note that while other
Hypotheticals use the Ideal
Gas Enthalpy coefficients,
solids use the Specific Heat
Capacity.

 'PSRMRK0MFVEV]
'SQTSRIRXW
=SYGERGSRZIVX,=7=7PMFVEV]GSQTSRIRXWMRXS,]TSXLIXMGEPWXLVSYKL
By using the Add New Hypo XLIClone Library CompsFYXXSRSRXLITabular Hypothetical Input
Group button, you do not ZMI[;LIR]SYTVIWWXLMWFYXXSRXLIConvert Library Comps to
have to return to the
Hypothetical CompsZMI[MWHMWTPE]IH%R]SJXLIPMFVEV]GSQTSRIRXW
Simulation Basis Manager to
create a Hypo Group. TVIWIRXMRXLIGYVVIRX*PYMH4EGOEKIGERFIGSRZIVXIHXSE
,]TSXLIXMGEP

Figure 2.29

2-92
 Hypotheticals 2-93

8LMWZMI[MWQEHIYTSJX[SWIGXMSRWXLISource ComponentsKVSYT
ERHXLIHypo Groups

Object Description
From this group select the Fluid Package that contains
Fluid Package
the library component you want to clone.
Available From this list, select the component you want to convert
Library Comps into a hypothetical.
If you want to replace the library component with the Hypo
Replace All in every Fluid Package that contains the library
component, activate this check box. If you only want to
Instances
replace the library components in the highlighted Fluid
Package, do not activate the check box.
Select the Hypothetical Group in which you want the
Hypo Group
converted library component placed.
This displays all the hypothetical components present in
Hypo
the chosen hypothetical group. When a library component
Components is converted into a hypothetical, it is listed here.

'SRZIVXMRKE0MFVEV]'SQTSRIRXXSE,]TS
;LIRGSRZIVXMRKEPMFVEV]GSQTSRIRXXSE,]TSJSPPS[XLITVSGIHYVI
SYXPMRIHLIVIFigure 2.29[MPPFIYWIHEWEVIJIVIRGI

 7IPIGXXLIFluid Package[LMGLGSRXEMRWXLIXEVKIXPMFVEV]
GSQTSRIRX-RXLMWGEWIBasis-1MWXLIGLSWIR*PYMH4EGOEKI
 *VSQXLIAvailable Library Comps KVSYTWIPIGXXLIGSQTSRIRXXS
GPSRI-RXLMWGEWI1-PropanolLEWFIIRWIPIGXIH
 7IPIGXXLITarget Hypo Group[LIVIXLIRI[,]TSMWXSFITPEGIH
HypoAlcoholLEWFIIRWIPIGXIH
 (IGMHIMJ]SY[ERXXSVITPEGIEPPMRWXERGIWSJXLIWSYVGI
GSQTSRIRX4VSTERSP[MXLXLIRI[,]TS%GXMZEXIXLIReplace
All InstancesGLIGOFS\XSHSXLMW-RFigure 2.29XLIGLIGOFS\LEW
FIIREGXMZEXIH
 8SGSQTPIXIXLIGSRZIVWMSRTVIWWXLIConvert to Hypo(s)FYXXSR
 8LIRI[,]TS[MPPETTIEVMRXLIHypo ComponentsKVSYTERH
[MPPLEZIEREWXIVMWO1-Propanol*EJXIVMXWREQIWMKRMJ]MRKXLEXMX
MWEL]TSXLIXMGEP
 4VIWWXLICloseFYXXSRXSVIXYVRXSXLITabular Hypothetical-RTYX
ZMI[

2-93
2-94 Hypo Controls

 ,]TS'SRXVSPW
8LIQERMTYPEXMSRGSQQERHWJSVL]TSXLIXMGEPWEVIGSRXEMRIHSRXLI
HypotheticalsXEFSJXLISimulation Basis Manager8LI,]TS'SRXVSPW
EVIXLIFYXXSRWGSRXEMRIH[MXLMRXLIHypothetical Quick Reference
KVSYT

• View Hypo
• View Group
• Move Hypos
• Clone Comps

Figure 2.30

:MI[MRK+VSYTW
2SXMGIXLEXXLIHypothetical Quick ReferenceKVSYTHMWTPE]WXLI
REQIWSJL]TSXLIXMGEPKVSYTWERHGSQTSRIRXW8LIGSQTSRIRXWEVI
PMWXIHMRXLINameGSPYQRERHXLIKVSYTXS[LMGLIEGLGSQTSRIRX
FIPSRKWMWPMWXIHMRXLIGroup NameGSPYQR

*VSQXLIGroup NameGSPYQRWIPIGXXLI+VSYT[LMGL]SY[ERXXS
ZMI[ERHTVIWWXLIView GroupFYXXSR,=7=7HMWTPE]WXLITabular
Hypothetical InputZMI[JSVXLEX,]TS+VSYT%PPXLI,]TS
GSQTSRIRXW[LMGLEVITEVXSJXLIKVSYTETTIEVSRXLMWZMI[

2-94
 Hypotheticals 2-95

1SZMRK,]TSW
;LIRL]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXWEVIGVIEXIHMR,=7=7XLI]EVIGVIEXIH
[MXLMRE,]TS+VSYTERHXLYWFIGSQITEVXSJXLIKVSYT%JXIVEHHMRK
EL]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXXSEGIVXEMRKVSYT]SYQE][MWLXSQSZIMX
XSERSXLIVI\MWXMRKKVSYT=SYGEREGGSQTPMWLXLMWXLVSYKLXLI,]TS
By pressing the Add New Hypo 'SRXVSPW*VSQXLIHypothetical Quick ReferenceKVSYTWIPIGXXLI
Group button, HYSYS allows
you to add a new Hypo Group Move HypoFYXXSR8LMWTVSHYGIWXLIJSPPS[MRKZMI[
while this view has focus.
Figure 2.31

*SPPS[XLMWTVSGIHYVIXSQSZIE,]TSXSEHMJJIVIRX,]TS+VSYT

 *VSQXLIHypo ComponentsKVSYTWIPIGXXLI,]TSXLEX]SY[ERX
XSQSZI
 7IPIGXXLITarget Hypo GroupXS[LMGLXLI,]TS[MPPFIQSZIH
 4VIWWXLISwitch to GroupFYXXSR[LMGLFIGSQIWEZEMPEFPI[LIRE
WIPIGXMSRMWQEHIMRFSXLXLIHypo ComponentsKVSYTERHTarget
Hypo Group
 ;LIR]SYEVIJMRMWLIHQSZMRKKVSYTWWIPIGXXLICloseFYXXSRERH
]SYEVIVIXYVRIHXSXLIHypotheticalsXEFSJXLISimulation Basis
Manager

 6IJIVIRGIW

6IMH6'4VEYWRMX^.14SPMRK&)8LI4VSTIVXMIWSJ+EWIW 
0MUYMHWXLIHMXMSR1G+VE[,MPP

2-95
2-96 References

2-96
 Oil Manager 3-97

3 Oil Manager

3.1 Quick Start 1 ............................................................................................. 100

3.1.1 Initialization .......................................................................................... 101
3.1.2 Step 1 - Input Assay Data .................................................................... 103
3.1.3 Step 2 - Cut Assay into Pseudo Components...................................... 109
3.1.4 Step 3 - Transfer Information to Flowsheet ...........................................111
3.1.5 Fluid Package Association ....................................................................112

3.1 Quick Start 1 ............................................................................................. 100

3.2.1 Fluid Package .......................................................................................113
3.2.2 Install a User Property...........................................................................114
3.2.3 Install the Assay ....................................................................................115
3.2.4 Create the Blend ...................................................................................116
3.2.5 Results ..................................................................................................117

3.3 Introduction .............................................................................................. 118

3.3.1 Laboratory Data ....................................................................................119
3.3.2 Conventional Distillation Data ...............................................................119
3.3.3 Data Reporting Basis ........................................................................... 120
3.3.4 Physical Property Assay Data.............................................................. 121
3.3.5 Property Curve Basis ........................................................................... 121
3.3.6 Common Laboratory Data Corrections ................................................ 122
3.3.7 Default Correlations ............................................................................. 122

3.4 Petroleum Fluids Characterization Procedure ...................................... 122

3.4.1 Initialization .......................................................................................... 122
3.4.2 Step One - Characterize Assay............................................................ 124
3.4.3 Step Two - Generate Pseudo Components ......................................... 125
3.4.4 Step Three - Install Oil ......................................................................... 125
3.4.5 User Property ....................................................................................... 125
3.4.6 Correlations.......................................................................................... 125

3-97
3-98

3.5 Oil Characterization View ........................................................................ 126

3.6 Characterizing Assays............................................................................. 128

3.6.1 Input Data Tab...................................................................................... 129
3.6.2 Working Curves Tab............................................................................. 145
3.6.3 Plots Tab .............................................................................................. 146
3.6.4 Correlations Tab ................................................................................... 147
3.6.5 User Curves Tab .................................................................................. 148
3.6.6 Notes Tab ............................................................................................. 149

3.7 Pseudo Component Generation ............................................................. 149

3.7.1 Data Tab............................................................................................... 150
3.7.2 Correlations Tab ................................................................................... 156
3.7.3 Tables Tab ............................................................................................ 157
3.7.4 Property Plot Tab ................................................................................. 158
3.7.5 Distribution Plot Tab ............................................................................. 159
3.7.6 Composite Plot Tab .............................................................................. 160
3.7.7 Plot Summary Tab................................................................................ 161
3.7.8 Notes Tab ............................................................................................. 162

3.8 User Property............................................................................................ 162

3.8.1 User Property Tab ................................................................................ 162
3.8.2 User Property View .............................................................................. 163

3.9 Correlations and Installation................................................................... 165

3.9.1 Correlation Tab..................................................................................... 165
3.9.2 Correlation Set View ............................................................................ 166
3.9.3 Notes Tab ............................................................................................. 170
3.9.4 Install Oil Tab ....................................................................................... 170

3-98
 Oil Manager 3-99

8LIOil ManagerXEFSJXLI7MQYPEXMSR&EWMW1EREKIVMWXLISRP]
PSGEXMSRMR,=7=7JVSQ[LMGLXLI3MP'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSR)RZMVSRQIRX
GERFIEGGIWWIHFIWMHIWXLI Oil Environment FYXXSRMRXLI&YXXSR
&EV8SIRXIVXLI3MP'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSR)RZMVSRQIRXEXPIEWXSRI*PYMH
Oil Environment Button 4EGOEKIQYWXI\MWXMRXLIGEWI,]TSXLIXMGEP4WIYHS'SQTSRIRXW
QYWXFIGSQTEXMFPI[MXLXLITVSTIVX]QIXLSHFIMRKYWIHF]XLI*PYMH
4EGOEKI

%PWSSRXLIOil ManagerXEF]SYGERZMI[EPP*PS[WLIIXW[LMGLI\MWXMR
XLIGYVVIRXGEWIERHXLI*PYMH4EGOEKIEWWSGMEXIH[MXLIEGL%PPTWIYHS
GSQTSRIRXWXLEXEVIHIJMRIH[MXLMRXLI3MP'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSR
)RZMVSRQIRX[MPPFIEWWMKRIHXSE,]TS+VSYTERHMRWXEPPIHMRER
%WWSGMEXIH*PYMH4EGOEKI7MRGI0MKLX)RHGEPGYPEXMSRWJSVERSMPVIUYMVI
MRJSVQEXMSRJVSQXLITVSTIVX]QIXLSHFIMRKYWIHF]XLI%WWSGMEXIH
*PYMH4EGOEKIXLITWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWGERRSXFIWLEVIHEQSRK
HMJJIVIRX*PYMH4EGOEKIWEWVIKYPEV,]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXWGER
,S[IZIV]SYGERWXMPPYWIXLIWEQITWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWMRXLIRSR
%WWSGMEXIH*PYMH4EGOEKIWF]EHHMRKXLIQEW,]TSXLIXMGEPWZMEXLI
Add HypoSVAdd GroupFYXXSRSRXLIComponentsXEFSJXLIFluid
PackageTVSTIVX]ZMI[

8LI3MP'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSR)RZMVSRQIRXMR,=7=7TVSZMHIWEPSGEXMSR
[LIVIXLIGLEVEGXIVMWXMGWSJETIXVSPIYQJPYMHGERFIVITVIWIRXIHF]
YWMRKHMWGVIXIL]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXW4L]WMGEPGVMXMGEP
XLIVQSH]REQMGERHXVERWTSVXTVSTIVXMIWEVIHIXIVQMRIHJSVIEGL
L]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXYWMRKGSVVIPEXMSRWXLEX]SYWIPIGX8LIJYPP]
HIJMRIHTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWGERXLIRFIMRWXEPPIHMREWXVIEQERHYWIH
MRER]*PS[WLIIX

,=7=7HIJMRIWXLITWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWMRXLI3MP'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSR
)RZMVSRQIRXF]YWMRKEWWE]HEXE[LMGL]SYTVSZMHI8LIJIEXYVIW
EZEMPEFPIJSVXLIMRTYXSJEWWE]HEXEQMRMQM^IXLIXMQIVIUYMVIHJSVHEXE
IRXV]*SVMRWXERGIHIJMRIHEWWE]WGERFIGPSRIHI\TSVXIHERH
MQTSVXIH)\TSVXIHEWWE]WGERFIYWIHMRSXLIVJPYMHTEGOEKIWSVMR
SXLIVGEWIWEPXSKIXLIV

7SQISJXLIJIEXYVIWI\GPYWMZIXSXLI3MP)RZMVSRQIRXMRGPYHI

• Providing laboratory assay data.

• Cutting a single assay.
• Blending multiple assays.
• Assigning a user property to pseudo components.
• Selecting correlation sets to determine properties.
• Installing pseudo components into a stream.

3-99
3-100 Quick Start 1

• Viewing tables and plots for your input and for the
characterized fluid.

 5YMGO7XEVX
-RXLMWI\EQTPIEGVYHISMP[MXLE8&4EWWE]GYVZII\XIRHMRKJVSQ
š*XSš*[MPPFIGLEVEGXIVM^IH%WWSGMEXIH[MXLXLMW8&4EWWE]
EVI

• A dependent molecular weight curve.

• An independent API gravity curve.
• Two independent viscosity curves, one at 100°F and the other
at 210°F.
• The bulk molecular weight and bulk API gravity.
• A liquid volume Light Ends assay for the crude oil.

-XMWHIWMVIHXSWTPMXXLIEWWE]MRXSTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXW[MXLš*
GYXWFIX[IIRERHš*š*GYXWFIX[IIRERHš*ERHXLI
VIQEMRMRKTSVXMSRSJXLIGVYHIEWWE]MRXSX[SGSQTSRIRXW

8LIJSPPS[MRKEWWE]MRJSVQEXMSRMWEZEMPEFPI

Light Ends Liquid Volume%

Propane 0.0
i-Butane 0.19
n-Butane 0.11
i-Pentane 0.37
n-Pentane 0.46

Bulk Crude Properties

MW 300
API Gravity 48.75

TBP Distillation Assay

Liquid Temperature Molecular

Dependent property curves Volume% (F) Weight
have values at the same
distillation percentage as the 0.0 80.0 68.0
Boiling Temperature assay, 10.0 255.0 119.0
but need not have values at 20.0 349.0 150.0
every percentage.
30.0 430.0 182.0
40.0 527.0 225.0
50.0 635.0 282.0

3-100
 Oil Manager 3-101

TBP Distillation Assay

Liquid Temperature Molecular

Volume% (F) Weight
60.0 751.0 350.0
70.0 915.0 456.0
80.0 1095.0 585.0
90.0 1277.0 713.0
98.0 1410.0 838.0

API Gravity Assay

Liq Vol% Distilled API Gravity

13.0 63.28
33.0 54.86
57.0 45.91
74.0 38.21
91.0 26.01

Viscosity Assay

Liq Vol%
Visc. (cP) 100°F Visc. (cP) 200°F
Distilled
10.0 0.20 0.10
30.0 0.75 0.30
50.0 4.20 0.80
70.0 39.00 7.50
90.0 600.00 122.30

 -RMXMEPM^EXMSR
&IJSVI]SYGERWXEVXXLIEGXYEPGLEVEGXIVM^EXMSRTVSGIWW]SYQYWX
Refer to Chapter 1 - Fluid
Package for details on
 &IKMRERI[,=7=7GEWI
installing a Fluid Package.  7IPIGXERETTVSTVMEXITVSTIVX]TEGOEKI
 %HHER]RSRSMPGSQTSRIRXWMRGPYHMRKXLI0MKLX)RHWXLEXEVIXS
FIYWIHMRXLIGLEVEGXIVM^EXMSRTVSGIWWXSXLIGSQTSRIRXPMWX

-RXLMWGEWIYWIXLI4IRK6SFMRWSRIUYEXMSRSJWXEXIERHWIPIGXXLI
JSPPS[MRKGSQTSRIRXWC3i-C4n-C4i-C5ERHn-C53RGI]SYLEZI
Oil Environment Button WIPIGXIHXLI0MKLX)RHWGSQTSRIRXWTVIWWXLIOil EnvironmentFYXXSR
SRXLI&YXXSR&EVXSIRXIVXLIOil Characterization Environment

3-101
3-102 Quick Start 1

4VMSVXSXLIMRTYXSJEWWE]HEXEEGYWXSQM^IH9RMX7IX[MPPFIGVIEXIH
Refer to the Units page section
of Section 7.7.5 - Preferences WYGLXLEXXLIHIJEYPXYRMXWYWIHF],=7=7GSVVIWTSRHXSXLIEWWE]HEXE
of the User Guide for details YRMXW'VIEXIEGYWXSQM^IHYRMXWIXF]GPSRMRKXLIFieldYRMXWIX7IPIGX
on creating a customized unit APIEWXLIRI[YRMXJSVFSXLMass DensityERHStandard DensityERH
set.
PIEZIEPPSXLIVFieldHIJEYPXYRMXWEWXLI]EVI

For more information =SYGERZMI[EHMWTPE]SJMQTSVXERXQIWWEKIWVIPEXIHXSXLITVSKVIWWSJ

concerning the Trace XLIGLEVEGXIVM^EXMSRMRXLI8VEGI;MRHS[-J]SY[MWLSTIRXLI8VEGI
Window, refer to Chapter 5.4 - ;MRHS[EXXLIFSXXSQSJXLI(IWOXST
Object Status Window/Trace
Window of the User Guide.
8LIQEMRZMI[MRXLI3MP)RZMVSRQIRXMWXLIOil Characterization
TVSTIVX]ZMI[EWWLS[RFIPS[8LIXEFWEVISVKERM^IHEGGSVHMRKXSXLI
KIRIVEPTVSGIHYVIJSPPS[IHMRXLIGLEVEGXIVM^EXMSRSJERSMP

Figure 3.1

'SQTPIXMRKXLIGLEVEGXIVM^EXMSRVIUYMVIWXLVIIWXITW

 %GGIWWXLIAssayZMI[F]WIPIGXMRKXLIAddFYXXSRSRXLIAssayXEF
These three steps are the SJXLIOil CharacterizationZMI[-RTYXEPPSJXLIEWWE]HEXESRXLI
minimum requirements in
Input DataXEFSJXLIAssayZMI[ERHTVIWWXLICalculateFYXXSR
defining and installing an oil.
 %GGIWWXLICut/Blend ZMI[[LMGLEPWSKMZIW]SYGYXXMRKSTXMSRW
F]WIPIGXMRKXLIAdd FYXXSRSRXLICut/BlendXEFSJXLIOil
CharacterizationTVSTIVX]ZMI['YXXLIEWWE]MRXSXLIVIUYMVIH
RYQFIVSJTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWYWMRKXLIGYXTSMRXWSYXPMRIH
TVIZMSYWP]
 -RWXEPPXLIGEPGYPEXIHSMPJVSQXLI3MP)RZMVSRQIRXMRXSXLI
For information on User
*PS[WLIIXF]EGGIWWMRKXLIInstall Oil XEFSJXLIOil
Properties and Correlations,
refer to Section 3.8 - User CharacterizationTVSTIVX]ZMI[
Property and Section 3.9 -
Correlations and %PXLSYKL]SYGEREGGIWWXLIUser PropertyXEFERHXLICorrelationXEF
Installation, respectively. JVSQXLIOil CharacterizationZMI[RIMXLIVSJXLIWIXEFW[MPPFIYWIHMR
XLMWI\EQTPI

3-102
 Oil Manager 3-103

 7XIT-RTYX%WWE](EXE
3RXLIAssayXEFSJXLIOil CharacterizationZMI[WIPIGXXLIAdd
FYXXSR8LMW[MPPSTIRXLIAssayZMI[ERHTPEGIXLIEGXMZIPSGEXMSRMR
XLIName GIPPSJXLIInput DataXEF*SVXLMWI\EQTPIGLERKIXLIREQI
SJXLI%WWE]XSExample8LIAssayXEFMWWLS[RFIPS[2SXIXLEXXLI
JMVWXXMQI]SYIRXIVXLMWZMI[MX[MPPFIFPEROI\GITXJSVXLIData Type
JMIPHXLIBulk DataXEFPIERHXLIMolecular Weightof lightest
componentMRTYXGIPP

Figure 3.2
The layout of this view
depends on:
1. Which Data Type you have
selected. This mainly affects
what Data Type options are
available (Basis, Vacuum
Distillation, Light Ends, etc.)
2. Which Input Data radio
button you have selected.
When you specify that you
have Independent or
Dependent Molecular Weight,
Density or Viscosity data, a
new radio button is added to
the view. In this view, the TBP
Data Type has been chosen
and the Boiling Temperature
radio button has been
selected.

7IXXMRKXLI3TXMSRW
*VSQXLIData TypeHVSTHS[RWIPIGXTBPERHRSXMGIXLEXXLIZMI[[MPP
GLERKIXSVIJPIGX]SYVGLSMGI7IPIGXLiquidVolume EWXLIBasisERH
PIEZIXLIVacuumSTXMSRWEXXLIMVHIJEYPXWRSXEGXMZI

2I\XGLSSWIXLIInput CompositionVEHMSFYXXSRMRXLILight Ends

KVSYTFS\,=7=7[MPPHMWTPE]ELight End CompositionsMRTYXJSVQ
XLEXWLSYPHFIGSQTPIXIHEWJSPPS[W

3-103
3-104 Quick Start 1

Figure 3.3

7TIGMJ]MRK4VSTIVX]'YVZIW
4VMSVXSEWWE]HEXEMRTYXWIXXLI1SPIGYPEV;IMKLX(IRWMX]ERH
:MWGSWMX]GYVZISTXMSRWJSYRHMRXLIInput DataKVSYTFS\8LI
Note that these options are 1SPIGYPEV;IMKLXGYVZIMWDependentXLI(IRWMX]GYVZIMW
accessed via the Edit Bar IndependentERHXLI:MWGSWMX]GYVZIWEVIIndependent%W]SYWTIGMJ]
XLIWISTXMSRWVEHMSFYXXSRWGSVVIWTSRHMRKXSIEGLGYVZIEVIEHHIHXS
XLIZMI[

8LIVIEVIRS[WM\VEHMSFYXXSRWBulk, Boiling Temperature, Molecular

Weight, Density, Viscosity1ERHViscosity2-RXLMWI\EQTPIXLIHEXE
[MPPFIEHHIHMRXLEXSVHIV

Figure 3.4

These radio buttons control

which input cells will be
displayed.

,=7=7GEPGYPEXIWMRXIVREP[SVOMRKGYVZIWYWMRKXLIWYTTPMIHTVSTIVX]
GYVZIHEXE*SVIEGLTVSTIVX]GYVZI]SYGERWIPIGXZMEXLI)HMX&EV
HVSTHS[RXLIQIXLSHYWIHJSVXLIExtrapolationSJXLI[SVOMRK

3-104
 Oil Manager 3-105

GYVZI8LIExtrapolationQIXLSHMRTYXGIPPMWPSGEXIHEFSZIIEGL
TVSTIVX]GYVZIMRTYXQEXVM\

&YPO
-RTYXXLI&YPO1SPIGYPEV;IMKLX300ERH&YPO1EWW(IRWMX]48.75
API_602SFYPOZMWGSWMX]MRJSVQEXMSRMWEZEMPEFPIWSPIEZIXLI
:MWGSWMX]GIPPWFPERO-XMWRSXRIGIWWEV]XSHIPIXIXLI:MWGSWMX]
8IQTIVEXYVIWEWXLIWIEVIMKRSVIHMJ]SYHSRSXTVSZMHIFYPO
ZMWGSWMXMIW

Figure 3.5

&SMPMRK8IQTIVEXYVI
7IPIGXXLIBoiling TemperatureVEHMSFYXXSRXSZMI[XLI8&4
As you enter values into the
table, the cursor (MWXMPPEXMSREWWE]8SIRXIVXLIHEXETVIWWXLIEdit FYXXSR8LIAssay
automatically moves down Input TableZMI[[MPPETTIEV)RXIVXLIJSPPS[MRKEWWE]HEXE
after each entry, making it
easier to supply all values in
each column. Figure 3.6

8LII\XVETSPEXMSRQIXLSHJSVXLI&SMPMRK8IQTIVEXYVIEWWE][MPPFIPIJX
EXMXWHIJEYPXLa_Grange

3-105
3-106 Quick Start 1

1SPIGYPEV;IMKLX

7IPIGXXLIMolecular WeightVEHMSFYXXSRXSZMI[XLI1SPIGYPEV;IMKLX
HEXE7MRGIXLI1SPIGYPEV;IMKLXEWWE]MW(ITIRHIRXXLI%WWE]
4IVGIRXEKIZEPYIWXLEX]SYIRXIVIHJSVXLI&SMPMRK4SMRX8IQTIVEXYVI
EWWE][MPPEYXSQEXMGEPP]FIHMWTPE]IH=SYRIIHSRP]IRXIVXLI
1SPIGYPEV;IMKLXW

Figure 3.7

8LII\XVETSPEXMSRQIXLSHJSVXLI1SPIGYPEV;IMKLXEWWE][MPPFIPIJXEX
MXWHIJEYPXLa_Grange

(IRWMX]

7IPIGXXLIDensityVEHMSFYXXSRXSZMI[SVIHMXXLI(IRWMX]EWWE]8LI

HIJEYPXHIRWMX]YRMXWEVIHMWTPE]IHMRXLMWGEWI%4-8LIGSQTPIXIH%4-
KVEZMX]GYVZIMRTYXMWWLS[RFIPS[

Figure 3.8

8LII\XVETSPEXMSRQIXLSHJSVXLI(IRWMX]EWWE][MPPFIPIJXEXMXWHIJEYPX
La_Grange

3-106
 Oil Manager 3-107

:MWGSWMX]

7IPIGXXLI Viscosity1ERHViscosity2VEHMSFYXXSRWVIWTIGXMZIP]XSZMI[
Ensure that the Viscosity
Units Type is Dynamic, and SVIHMXXLI:MWGSWMX]EWWE]W2SXIXLEX[LIRIMXLIVSJXLIWIFYXXSRWEVI
that the two temperatures WIPIGXIHEREHHMXMSREPMRTYXFS\MWHMWTPE]IH[LMGLEPPS[W]SYXS
entered are 100°F and 210°F. WYTTP]XLIZMWGSWMX]XIQTIVEXYVIWWIIXLIJMKYVIXSXLIWMHI

8LIVIUYMVIHZMWGSWMX]MRTYXMWWLS[RFIPS[

Figure 3.9
You will see this table when
you select either the Viscosity1
or Viscosity2 radio button.

8LII\XVETSPEXMSRQIXLSHJSVIEGLSJXLI:MWGSWMX]EWWE]W[MPPFIPIJXEX
XLIHIJEYPX La_Grange

'EPGYPEXMRKXLI%WWE]
3RGI]SYLEZIIRXIVIHEPPSJXLIHEXEWIPIGXXLICalculateFYXXSR8LI
WXEXYWQIWWEKIEXXLIFSXXSQSJXLI AssayZMI[[MPPWLS[XLIQIWWEKI
Assay Was Calculated

3RGIXLI%WWE]MWGEPGYPEXIHXLI[SVOMRKGYVZIWEVIHMWTPE]IHSRXLI
Working CurvesXEF

Figure 3.10

Refer to Section 3.6 -

Characterizing Assays for
information on the
characterization procedure,
working curves and
extrapolation methods.

3-107
3-108 Quick Start 1

8LI[SVOMRKGYVZIWJSVXLIRSVQEPFSMPMRKTSMRXQSPIGYPEV[IMKLX
QEWWHIRWMX]ERHZMWGSWMX]EVIVIKVIWWIHJVSQ]SYVMRTYXGYVZIW,=7=7
YWIWTSMRXWMRXLIGEPGYPEXMSRSJXLI[SVOMRKGYVZIWFYXXLIQSPEV
HMWXVMFYXMSR[MPPZEV]HITIRHMRKSRXLIHEXE]SYTVSZMHI,=7=7[MPP
The options present in the
Property drop down list QSZIQSVITSMRXWXSEVIKMSR[MXLEWXIITKVEHMIRX8LIGEPGYPEXMSRSJ
correspond to the property XLI&PIRHMWFEWIHSRXLIWI[SVOMRKGYVZIW
curve data specified on the
Input Data tab. If only bulk =SYGERI\EQMRIKVETLMGEPVITVIWIRXEXMSRWSJ]SYVEWWE]HEXESRXLI
data is provided, there will be
no plots available. PlotsXEF3TIRXLIPropertyHVSTHS[RPMWXERHWIPIGXXLIGYVZIXLEX
]SY[SYPHPMOIXSZMI[8LIHIJEYPXTPSXMWXLI&SMPMRK4SMRX
8IQTIVEXYVIGYVZI&IGEYWIMRTYXHEXEJSVXLIFSMPMRKXIQTIVEXYVI
If multiple assays were to be
blended, you would repeat the QSPIGYPEV[IMKLXHIRWMX]ERHZMWGSWMX][EWTVSZMHIHEPPSJXLIWI
steps outlined in Section 3.1.2 STXMSRWEVIWLS[RMRXLIHVSTHS[RPMWX
- Step 1 - Input Assay Data.
Figure 3.11

3-108
 Oil Manager 3-109

 7XIT'YX%WWE]MRXS
4WIYHS'SQTSRIRXW
If you have only one
Assay, it is not necessary =SYGERRS[GYXXLI%WWE]MRXSMRHMZMHYEPTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXW3RXLI
to enter a Flow Rate in Cut/BlendXEFSJXLIOil CharacterizationZMI[WIPIGXXLIAddFYXXSR
the Oil Flow
Information table. 8LMW[MPPXEOI]SYXSXLIBlendTVSTIVX]ZMI[[LIVIXLIEGXMZIPSGEXMSR
MWXLINameGIPP=SYGERGLERKIXLIREQISJXLI&PIRHXSBlend1

Figure 3.12

*VSQXLIPMWXSJAvailable AssaysXLIVIWLSYPHFISRP]SRI%WWE]

WIPIGX)\EQTPIERHTVIWWXLIAddFYXXSR8LMW[MPPEHHXLI%WWE]XSXLI
Oil Flow InformationXEFPIERHE&PIRH'YX[MPPEYXSQEXMGEPP]FI
GEPGYPEXIH8LI&PIRHMWGEPGYPEXIHFIGEYWIXLIHIJEYPXCut Option,
Auto CutETTIEVWEWWSSREWE&PIRHMWEHHIH7MRGIXLI'YX3TXMSR
[EWRSXGLERKIHTVMSVXSXLIEHHMXMSRSJXLI%ZEMPEFPI%WWE]XSXLI
&PIRH,=7=7VIEPM^IWIRSYKLMRJSVQEXMSRMWEZEMPEFPIXSGYXXLISMPERH
XLIGEPGYPEXMSRWSGGYVEYXSQEXMGEPP]

Figure 3.13

3-109
3-110 Quick Start 1

-RWXIEHSJYWMRKXLIHIJEYPXCut OptionXLIGYXTSMRXW[MPPFIHIJMRIH
*VSQXLICut OptionHVSTHS[RPMWXWIPIGXUser Ranges)RXIVER
MRMXMEP'YX4SMRX8IQTIVEXYVISJš*ERHJMPPSYXXLICut PointXEFPIEW
WLS[RFIPS[

Figure 3.14

4VIWWXLISubmit FYXXSRXSGEPGYPEXIXLI&PIRH

8LIVIWYPXWSJXLIGEPGYPEXMSRGERFIZMI[IHSRXLITablesXEFSJXLI
BlendZMI[8LIHIJEYPXTable TypeMWXLIComponent PropertiesXEFPI
[MXLXLIMain PropertiesVEHMSFYXXSRWIPIGXIHMRXLITable Control
KVSYT*VSQXLIHVSTHS[RPMWX]SYGEREPWSZMI[EComponent
Breakdown, Molar Compositions, Oil PropertiesERHOil Distributions

Figure 3.15

3-110
 Oil Manager 3-111

%PPSJXLIHEXEXLEXGERFIJSYRHJVSQXLITablesXEFGERFIZMI[IH
KVETLMGEPP]SRXLIJSPPS[MRKXLVIIXEFWProperty Plot, Distribution
Refer to Section 3.7.3 - Tables Plot, Composite Plot
Tab for details on the
information available on the
Tables tab. 3RXLIDistribution PlotXEFWIPIGXVolume FractionJVSQXLIBasis
HVSTHS[RPMWX8LIJSPPS[MRKTPSX[MPPFIWIIR

Figure 3.16

Refer to the tab subsections in 8LI'YX(MWXVMFYXMSR4PSXEWWLS[REFSZIHMWTPE]WXLIZSPYQIJVEGXMSR

Chapter 3.7 - Pseudo SJXLISMPXLEX[SYPHFIVIGSZIVIHMRZEVMSYWTVSHYGXW8LMWKVETLMW
Component Generation for TEVXMGYPEVP]YWIJYPMRTVSZMHMRKIWXMQEXIWJSVHMWXMPPEXMSRTVSHYGXW
information on the available
plots.

 7XIT8VERWJIV
-RJSVQEXMSRXS*PS[WLIIX
8LIJMREPWXITSJXLIGLEVEGXIVM^EXMSRMWXSXVERWJIVXLITWIYHS
GSQTSRIRXMRJSVQEXMSRMRXSXLI*PS[WLIIX

3RXLIInstall OilXEFSJXLIOil CharacterizationZMI[IRXIVXLI7XVIEQ

2EQIExample OilXS[LMGLXLISMPGSQTSWMXMSR[MPPFIXVERWJIVVIH

Figure 3.17

,=7=7[MPPEWWMKRXLIGSQTSWMXMSRSJ]SYVGEPGYPEXIH3MPERH0MKLX
)RHWMRXSXLMWWXVIEQGSQTPIXMRKXLIGLEVEGXIVM^EXMSRTVSGIHYVI%PWS
XLITWIYHSGSQTSRIRXW[MPPFITPEGIHMRXSE,]TS+VSYTREQIH

3-111
3-112 Quick Start 1

Blend1ERHMRWXEPPIHMRXLI*PYMH4EGOEKI;LIR]SYPIEZIXLI3MP
'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSR)RZMVSRQIRX]SY[MPPFIMRXLI&EWMW)RZMVSRQIRX-X
MWLIVIXLEX]SYGERI\EQMRIMRHMZMHYEPL]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXW
[LMGLQEOIYT]SYVSMP

)RXIVXLI7MQYPEXMSR)RZMVSRQIRXERHQSZIXSXLI;SVOFSSOXSZMI[
XLIWXVIEQXLEX]SYNYWXGVIEXIH8LIInput CompositionHMEPSKYIJSV
XLI7XVIEQExample OilMWWLS[RFIPS[

Figure 3.18

-J]SYHIGMHIXLEXWSQISJXLITWIYHSGSQTSRIRXTEVEQIXIVWRIIHXS
FIVIGEPGYPEXIH]SYGERVIXYVRXSXLI3MP)RZMVSRQIRXEXER]XMQIXS
QEOIGLERKIW8SIHMXER%WWE]LMKLPMKLXMXSRXLIAssayXEFSJXLIOil
CharacterizationTVSTIVX]ZMI[ERHTVIWWXLIEditFYXXSR-J]SY[MWL
XSWIIXLIIJJIGXSJYWMRKEHMJJIVIRXGSVVIPEXMSRSR]SYVSMP]SYGER
EGGIWWXLMWMRJSVQEXMSRSRXLICorrelationXEFSJXLIOil
CharacterizationZMI[

 *PYMH4EGOEKI%WWSGMEXMSR
-RXLII\EQTPIWLS[RMRFigure 3.19XLIVIMWSRP]SRI*PYMH4EGOEKIJSV
XLI*PS[WLIIX7TIGMJ]MRKXLIWXVIEQREQIExample OilRSXSRP]
GVIEXIWXLIWXVIEQMRXLI*PS[WLIIXFYXEHHWXLI,]TS+VSYT[LMGL
GSRXEMRWEPPSJXLIMRHMZMHYEPTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWXSXLI*PYMH4EGOEKI

3-112
 Oil Manager 3-113

Figure 3.19

In this case, the Oil is Associated with Fluid Package Basis-1

;LIRXLIVIEVIQYPXMTPI*PYMH4EGOEKIWMRXLIWMQYPEXMSR]SYGER
WTIGMJ]XLISRI[MXL[LMGLXLI3MPMWXSFIEWWSGMEXIHEGGIWWIHZMEXLI
Oil ManagerXEFSJXLISimulation Basis ManagerZMI[8LMWWIVZIW
X[SJYRGXMSRWJMVWXMXMHIRXMJMIW[LMGLTYVIGSQTSRIRXW[MPPFI
EZEMPEFPIJSVEPMKLXIRHWEREP]WMWERHWIGSRHMXMHIRXMJMIWXLIJPYMH
TEGOEKIXS[LMGLXLI,]TS+VSYT[MPPFIMRWXEPPIH

-J]SYHSRSX[MWLXSEWWSGMEXIXLISMPXSXLI*PYMH4EGOEKI]SYGER
HIEGXMZEXIXLIAssociateGLIGOFS\

 5YMGO7XEVX7YPJYV
'YVZI
8LIUser PropertySTXMSRMRXLI Oil Characterization Environment
EPPS[W]SYXSWYTTP]ETVSTIVX]GYVZIERHLEZI,=7=7GLEVEGXIVM^IMX
[MXLER%WWE])EGLTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXMWEWWMKRIHETVSTIVX]ZEPYI
[LIRXLI&PIRHMWGLEVEGXIVM^IH=SYGERWTIGMJ]XLIFEWMWYTSR[LMGL
XLITVSTIVX]WLSYPHFIGEPGYPEXIHQSPIQEWWSVPMUYMHZSPYQIERH
JPS[WSVJVEGXMSRWEW[IPPEW[LMGLQM\MRKVYPIWLSYPHFIYWIH

-RXLMWI\EQTPIE8&4GYVZI[MXLEREWWSGMEXIH7YPJYV'YVZI[MPPFI
MRWXEPPIH8LIVIMWRS0MKLX)RHWEREP]WMWEZEMPEFPIWSXLIAuto
Calculate Light Ends STXMSR[MPPFIYWIH

 *PYMH4EGOEKI
4VMSVXSIRXIVMRKXLI3MP'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSR)RZMVSRQIRXGVIEXIE*PYMH
4EGOEKI[MXLPeng RobinsonEWXLITVSTIVX]QIXLSHERHC1, C2, C3, i-
C4,ERHn-C4EWXLIGSQTSRIRXW8LIGLSMGISJXLI0MKLX)RHW
GSQTSRIRXWMWMRJPYIRGIHF]XLI7YPJYV'YVZIHEXEVIJIVXS Section
3.2.3 - Install the AssayWIGXMSR

3-113
3-114 Quick Start 2 - Sulfur Curve

 -RWXEPPE9WIV4VSTIVX]
)RXIVXLI3MP)RZMVSRQIRXF]TVIWWMRKXLIOil Environment FYXXSRMR
XLI&YXXSR&EV-RSVHIVXSWYTTP]E9WIV'YVZIJSVEREWWE]]SYQYWX
JMVWXEHHE9WIV4VSTIVX]3RXLIUser PropertyXEFSJXLIOil
CharacterizationZMI[WIPIGX AddXSEGGIWWXLIUser PropertyZMI[

Figure 3.20

8LIHIJEYPXSTXMSRW[MPPFIYWIHJSVXLIEquation Parameters I\GITXJSV

XLIMixing BasisJMIPH7YPJYVMWUYSXIHSRE[[FEWMWWSWIPIGXMass
FractionJVSQXLIHVSTHS[RPMWX,=7=7EYXSQEXMGEPP]REQIWERH
RYQFIVWXLI9WIV4VSTIVXMIW=SYGERTVSZMHIEHIWGVMTXMZI2EQIJSV
XLITVSTIVX]WYGLEW7YPJYV

2SXIXLEX,=7=7KMZIW]SYXLISTXMSRSJTVSZMHMRKEComponent User
Property Value JSVIEGL0MKLX)RHGSQTSRIRX-JJSVI\EQTPIXLMW[EW
E,IEXMRK:EPYI4VSTIVX]]SY[SYPHWYTTP]IEGLGSQTSRIRXZEPYIEX
XLMWTSMRX8LIWIGSQTSRIRXWHSRSXLEZIEl7YPJYVZEPYIWSXLI]GER
FIPIJXEX

8LISourceMRTYXFS\[MPPVIQEMRIQTX]YRXMPXLI%WWE]ERH&PIRHEVI
GEPGYPEXIH%XXLEXXMQIXLI&PIRH[MPPFIGSRRIGXIHXSXLI7YPJYV9WIV
4VSTIVX]

3-114
 Oil Manager 3-115

 -RWXEPPXLI%WWE]
'VIEXIER%WWE]F]TVIWWMRKXLIAddFYXXSRSRXLIAssayXEFSJXLIOil
CharacterizationZMI[7IPIGXTBPEWXLIData TypeWTIGMJ]ELiquid
Volume BasisERHPIEZIXLIVacuumMRJSVQEXMSREXXLIMVHIJEYPXW

7MRGIRS0MKLX)RHWEREP]WMWMWTVSZMHIHWIPIGXXLIAuto CalculateVEHMS
FYXXSRJVSQXLILight EndsKVSYT8LIAuto CalculateTVSGIHYVI
VITPEGIWXLITSVXMSRSJXLI8&4GYVZI[LMGLMWGSZIVIHF]XLI&SMPMRK
4SMRXVERKISJXLI0MKLX)RHWGSQTSRIRXW-RXLMW[E]XLIMRMXMEP
FSMPMRKTSMRXSJXLI8&4[SVOMRKGYVZI[MPPFIWPMKLXP]LMKLIVXLERXLI
RSVQEPFSMPMRKTSMRXSJXLILIEZMIWX0MKLX)RHGSQTSRIRX

8LI8&4GYVZIWXEVXWEXš'8EOMRKXLMWMRJSVQEXMSRMRXSEGGSYRX
0MKLX)RHGSQTSRIRXW[LSWIFSMPMRKTSMRXWPMI[MXLMRXLIJMVWXX[S
TIVGIRXSJXLI8&4EWWE][IVIGLSWIR-RXLMW[E]XLIFIRIJMXWSJXLI
Auto CalculateTVSGIHYVI[MPPFIKEMRIH[MXLSYXPSWMRKEWMKRMJMGERX
TSVXMSRSJSYVTVSTIVX]GYVZI

8LIVIMWRS1SPIGYPEV;IMKLX(IRWMX]SV:MWGSWMX]HEXEWS]SYGER
PIEZIXLIGYVZISTXMSRWEWNot Used8LII\XVETSPEXMSRQIXLSHJSVXLI
FSMPMRKXIQTIVEXYVIGYVZIGERFIPIJXEXMXWHIJEYPXLa_Grange2SXI
XLEXXLIVIEVIRSFYPOTVSTIVXMIW4VSZMHIXLIFSMPMRKXIQTIVEXYVIHEXE
EWXEFYPEXIHFIPS[

TBP Data

Assay% Temp (C) Assay% Temp (C) Assay% Temp (C)

0.02 -25 20.73 180 71.43 500
0.03 -20 24.06 200 73.86 520
0.05 -10 27.55 220 76.22 540
0.31 0 30.93 240 78.46 560
0.52 10 34.32 260 80.57 580
0.55 20 37.83 280 82.55 600
1.25 30 41.21 300 84.41 620
2.53 40 44.51 320 86.16 640
2.93 50 48.01 340 87.79 660
3.78 60 51.33 360 89.32 680
4.69 70 54.58 380 90.67 700
5.67 80 57.73 400 93.48 750
7.94 100 60.65 420 95.74 800
10.69 120 63.39 440 98.78 900
13.84 140 66.16 460
17.28 160 68.90 480

3-115
3-116 Quick Start 2 - Sulfur Curve

Sulfur Curve Data

Assay% Sulfur Value Assay% Sulfur Value

0.90 0.032 54.08 2.733
7.38 0.026 55.85 2.691
11.48 0.020 57.17 2.669
16.42 0.083 60.00 2.670
22.40 0.094 64.47 2.806
26.68 0.212 68.40 3.085
31.78 0.616 72.09 3.481
36.95 1.122 75.66 3.912
42.04 1.693 78.99 4.300
47.14 2.354 82.05 4.656
48.84 2.629 84.85 4.984
50.52 2.786 87.38 5.286
52.22 2.796 90.33 5.646

7YPJYV'YVZI
3RXLIUser CurvesXEFSJXLIAssayZMI[WIPIGXXLI%ZEMPEFPI9WIV
4VSTIVX]Sulfur ERHTVIWWXLI AddFYXXSR-RXLIUser Curve Data
KVSYTFS\WIPIGXIndependent EWXLITable TypeERHIRWYVIXLEXXLI
Bulk ValueGIPPHMWTPE]W <empty>8SEGGSQTPMWLXLMWTPEGIXLIGYVWSV
MRXLIBulk ValueMRTYXGIPPERHTVIWWXLI<Delete>OI]SRXLI
OI]FSEVH)RXIVXLI7YPJYV'YVZI(EXEMRXLIUser Curve DataKVSYT

 'VIEXIXLI&PIRH
*MREPP]E&PIRH[MPPFIGVIEXIHYWMRKXLI Auto Cut STXMSR3RXLI
Cut\BlendXEFSJXLIOil CharacterizationZMI[WIPIGXXLI AddFYXXSR
3RXLIDataXEFSJXLIBlendZMI[LMKLPMKLXAssay-1JVSQXLIPMWXSJ
%ZEMPEFPI%WWE]WERHTVIWWXLIAddFYXXSR8LIEWWE]LEWRS[FIIR
EHHIHXSXLIOil Flow Information XEFPI8LI&PIRH[MPPMQQIHMEXIP]FI
GEPGYPEXIHEWXLIHIJEYPXCut OptionMWAuto Cut

3-116
 Oil Manager 3-117

Figure 3.21

 6IWYPXW
7MRGIXLIVIMWSRP]SRI&PIRHMRXLI3MP)RZMVSRQIRXMXEYXSQEXMGEPP]
FIGSQIWXLIWSYVGIJSVXLII\MWXMRKUser Property=SYGERVIXYVRXS
XLIUser PropertyXEFSJXLIOil CharacterizationZMI[ERHTVIWWXLI
ViewFYXXSRXSHMWTPE]XLISulfur User PropertyZMI[

Figure 3.22

-RXLI Component User Property Values KVSYTBlend-1ETTIEVWEWXLI

7SYVGI-JQSVIXLERSRIFPIRHI\MWXIH]SYGSYPHQEOIERI[WIPIGXMSR
JVSQXLISourceHVSTHS[RPMWX2SXIXLEXXLI4VSTIVX]:EPYILEWFIIR
GEPGYPEXIHJSVEPPXLITWIYHSGSQTSRIRXW[MXLMRXLI7SYVGIFPIRH=SY
GERWGVSPPXLVSYKLXLIXEFPIXSZMI[XLI4VSTIVX]:EPYIJSVIEGLTWIYHS
GSQTSRIRX

3-117
3-118 Introduction

*VSQXLIComposite PlotXEFSJXLIBlendZMI[]SYGERZMI[ETPSXSJ
XLI'EPGYPEXIHERH-RTYXZEPYIWJSVXLI9WIV4VSTIVX]7IPIGXUser
Property JVSQXLIProperty HVSTHS[RPMWXERHEGXMZEXIXLIGLIGOFS\
FIWMHISulfur

Figure 3.23

 -RXVSHYGXMSR
8LITIXVSPIYQGLEVEGXIVM^EXMSRQIXLSHMR,=7=7[MPPGSRZIVX]SYV
PEFSVEXSV]EWWE]EREP]WIWSJGSRHIRWEXIWGVYHISMPWTIXVSPIYQGYXW
ERHGSEPXEVPMUYMHWMRXSEWIVMIWSJHMWGVIXIL]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXW
8LIWITIXVSPIYQTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWTVSZMHIXLIFEWMWJSVXLI
TVSTIVX]TEGOEKIXSTVIHMGXXLIVIQEMRMRKXLIVQSH]REQMGERH
XVERWTSVXTVSTIVXMIWRIGIWWEV]JSVJPYMHQSHIPPMRK

,=7=7[MPPTVSHYGIEGSQTPIXIWIXSJTL]WMGEPERHGVMXMGEPTVSTIVXMIW
JSVXLITIXVSPIYQTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXW[MXLEQMRMQEPEQSYRXSJ
MRJSVQEXMSR,S[IZIVXLIQSVIMRJSVQEXMSR]SYGERWYTTP]EFSYXXLI
JPYMHXLIQSVIEGGYVEXIXLIWITVSTIVXMIW[MPPFIERHXLIFIXXIV,=7=7
[MPPTVIHMGXXLIJPYMHkWEGXYEPFILEZMSYV

3-118
 Oil Manager 3-119

 0EFSVEXSV](EXE
%GGYVEXIZSPEXMPMX]GLEVEGXIVMWXMGWEVIZMXEP[LIRVITVIWIRXMRKE
TIXVSPIYQJPYMHMR]SYVTVSGIWWWMQYPEXMSR,=7=7EGGITXWJMZI
WXERHEVHPEFSVEXSV]EREP]XMGEPEWWE]TVSGIHYVIW

• True boiling point distillation (TBP)

• ASTM D86 and D1160 distillations (Separately or
Combined)
• D2887 simulated distillation
• Equilibrium flash vapourization (EFV)
The Watson (UOP) K factor is
an approximate index of • Chromatographic analysis
paraffinicity, with high values
corresponding to high degrees 8LIGLEVEGXIVM^EXMSRTVSGIHYVITIVJSVQWMXWGEPGYPEXMSRWFEWIHSRER
of saturation: MRXIVREPP]GEPGYPEXIH8&4GYVZI-J]SYWYTTP]ER%781SV)*:
1
---
3 HMWXMPPEXMSRGYVZIMX[MPPFIGSRZIVXIHXSE8&4GYVZIYWMRKWXERHEVH
( Mean Avg. BP )
K = ------------------------------------------ QIXLSHWHIWGVMFIHMRXLI%4-HEXEFSSO-J]SYHSRSXWYTTP]ER]
sp gr 60F / 60F
HMWXMPPEXMSRHEXEXLIREREZIVEKI8&4HMWXMPPEXMSRGYVZI[MPPFI
where the mean average KIRIVEXIHJSV]SYFEWIHSRXLISZIVEPPQSPIGYPEV[IMKLXHIRWMX]ERH
boiling point is in degrees
Rankine.
;EXWSR934/JEGXSVSJ]SYVJPYMH

 'SRZIRXMSREP(MWXMPPEXMSR
(EXE
8LIJMZITVMQEV]X]TIWSJEWWE]HEXEEGGITXIHF]XLI4IXVSPIYQ
'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSR4VSGIHYVIMR,=7=7EVII\TPEMRIHMRXLIJSPPS[MRK
WIGXMSRW

8VYI&SMPMRK4SMRX8&4%REP]WMW

%TBP EREP]WMWMWTIVJSVQIHYWMRKEQYPXMWXEKIFEXGLJVEGXMSREXMSR
ETTEVEXYWSTIVEXIHEXVIPEXMZIP]LMKLVIJPY\VEXMSWXLISVIXMGEP
WXEKIW[MXLVIJPY\VEXMSWSJXSSVKVIEXIV8&4HMWXMPPEXMSRWGSRHYGXIH
EXIMXLIVEXQSWTLIVMGSVZEGYYQGSRHMXMSRWEVIEGGITXIHF]XLI
GLEVEGXIVM^EXMSRTVSGIHYVINote that the initial boiling point (IBP) of a
TBP curve does not correspond to the bubble point temperature of the
petroleum fluid at atmospheric pressure.8LITIXVSPIYQJPYMHkWFYFFPI
TSMRXMWEQYPXMGSQTSRIRXIUYMPMFVMYQGSRHMXMSRWYGLXLEXXLIVIMWER
MRGMTMIRXZETSYVTLEWIJSVQMRK8LMW[SYPHMRIJJIGXFIEWMRKPIWXEKI
SJJVEGXMSREXMSREWSTTSWIHXSXLILMKLP]VIJPY\IHSTIVEXMSRSJE8&4
EREP]WMW

3-119
3-120 Introduction

%781(ERH((MWXMPPEXMSRW
%781(ERH(HMWXMPPEXMSRWEPWSIQTPS]FEXGLJVEGXMSREXMSR
ETTEVEXYWFYXXLI]EVIGSRHYGXIHYWMRKRSRVIJPY\IH)RKPIVJPEWOW
8[SWXERHEVH%781HMWXMPPEXMSRWEVIWYTTSVXIH%781(YWIHJSV
PMKLXXSQIHMYQTIXVSPIYQJPYMHWERH%781(GEVVMIHSYXEX
ZEV]MRKZEGYYQGSRHMXMSRWERHYWIHJSVLIEZMIVTIXVSPIYQJPYMHW*SV
%781(HMWXMPPEXMSR,=7=7GERGSVVIGXJSVFEVSQIXVMGTVIWWYVISV
GVEGOMRKIJJIGXW

%781(
%781(MWEWMQYPEXIHHMWXMPPEXMSRGYVZIKIRIVEXIHJVSQ
chromatographicHEXE8LIVIWYPXMRKFSMPMRKTSMRXGYVZIMWVITSVXIHSR
E[IMKLXTIVGIRXFEWMW

)UYMPMFVMYQ*PEWL:ETSYVM^EXMSR
%R)*:GYVZIMWKIRIVEXIHF]EWIVMIWSJI\TIVMQIRXWGSRHYGXIHEX
GSRWXERXTVIWWYVIEXQ8LIVIWYPXWVIPEXIXLIXIQTIVEXYVIZIVWYW
ZSPYQITIVGIRXSJPMUYMHHMWXMPPIH[LIVIXLIXSXEPZETSYVMWMR
IUYMPMFVMYQ[MXLXLIYRZETSYVM^IHPMUYMH

'LVSQEXSKVETLMG%REP]WMW
%'LVSQEXSKVETLMGEREP]WMWMWEWMQYPEXIHHMWXMPPEXMSRTIVJSVQIHF]
TEWWMRKEWQEPPEQSYRXSJXSXEPP]ZETSYVM^IHWEQTPIXLVSYKLETEGOIH
KEWGLVSQEXSKVETLGSPYQR8LIVIPEXMZIEQSYRXWSJXLIWEQTPIXLEX
ETTIEVMRIEGLWXERHEVHGLVSQEXSKVETLMGL]HVSGEVFSRKVSYT
TEVEJJMRMGEVSQEXMGERHRETLXLIRMGKVSYTWVERKMRKJVSQ'XS'
EVIXLIRHIXIGXIHERHVITSVXIH

 (EXE6ITSVXMRK&EWMW
%PPSJXLIHMWXMPPEXMSREREP]WIWHIWGVMFIHEFSZI[MPPLEZIFIIRVITSVXIH
YWMRKSRISJXLIJSPPS[MRKJVEGXMSREPFEWIWEWWE]FEWMW

• Liquid volume percent or liquid volume fractions

• Mole percent or mole fractions
• Mass percent or mass fractions

,=7=7EGGITXW8&4ERH'LVSQEXSKVETLMGEREP]WIWMRER]SRISJXLI
XLVIIWXERHEVHFEWIW,S[IZIVHYIXSXLIJSVQSJXLI%4-HEXEFSSO

3-120
 Oil Manager 3-121

GSRZIVWMSRGYVZIW)*:%781(ERH%781(HMWXMPPEXMSRWQYWX
FIWYTTPMIHSREPMUYMHZSPYQIFEWMWERH([MPPSRP]FIVITSVXIH
SRE[IMKLXFEWMW

 4L]WMGEP4VSTIVX]%WWE]
(EXE
%W]SYWYTTP]QSVIMRJSVQEXMSRXS,=7=7XLIEGGYVEG]SJXLI
4IXVSPIYQ'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSRMRGVIEWIW7YTTP]MRKER]SVEPPSJFYPO
Refer to Appendix B- - QSPIGYPEV[IMKLXFYPOHIRWMX]SVbulk ;EXWSR934/JEGXSV[MPP
Petroleum Methods/
Correlations for information MRGVIEWIXLIEGGYVEG]SJ]SYVTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXTVSTIVXMIW
on the correlations used in the %TTVSTVMEXIP]MJ]SYWYTTP]PEFSVEXSV]GYVZIWJSVQSPIGYPEV[IMKLX
Oil Environment. HIRWMX]ERHSVZMWGSWMX]XLIEGGYVEG][MPPMRGVIEWIJYVXLIV

-J]SYGERRSXWYTTP]TVSTIVX]GYVZIHEXE,=7=7[MPPKIRIVEXIMRXIVREP
GYVZIWYWMRKXLIEZEMPEFPIMRJSVQEXMSR8LMWMRJSVQEXMSRMWETTPMIH
YWMRKGSVVIPEXMSRW=SYGERGLERKIXLIHIJEYPXWIXSJTVSTIVX]
GSVVIPEXMSRWEWVIUYMVIH

 4VSTIVX]'YVZI&EWMW
4L]WMGEPTVSTIVX]EREP]WIWEVIRSVQEPP]VITSVXIHF]EPEFSVEXSV]YWMRK
SRISJXLIJSPPS[MRKX[SGSRZIRXMSRW

• An Independent assay basis where the property assay volume

fractions do not correspond on a one-to-one basis with the
distillation assay fractions.
• A Dependent assay basis, where a common set of assay
fractions are utilized for both the distillation curve and the
physical property curves.

2SXIXLEXTL]WMGEPTVSTIVXMIWEVIEZIVEKIZEPYIWJSVXLIKMZIRVERKI
ERHLIRGIEVIQMHTSMRXZEPYIW(MWXMPPEXMSRHEXEVITSVXWXLI
XIQTIVEXYVI[LIRXLIPEWXHVSTSJPMUYMHFSMPWSJJJSVEKMZIREWWE]
VERKIXLIVIJSVIHMWXMPPEXMSRMWERIRHTSMRXTVSTIVX]Since all
dependent input property curves are reported on the same endpoint
basis as the distillation curve, they are converted by HYSYS to a midpoint
basis.-RHITIRHIRXTVSTIVX]GYVZIWEVIRSXEPXIVIHMRER]QERRIV
FIJSVIFIMRKYWIHMRXLIGLEVEGXIVM^EXMSRWMRGIXLI]EVIEPVIEH]
HIJMRIHSREQMHTSMRXFEWMW

3-121
3-122 Petroleum Fluids Characterization

 'SQQSR0EFSVEXSV](EXE
'SVVIGXMSRW
;MXL%781(HEXEGSVVIGXMSRTVSGIHYVIWEVIEZEMPEFPIXSQSHMJ]XLI
PEFSVEXSV]VIWYPXWJSVFSXLFEVSQIXVMGTVIWWYVIERHXLIVQEPGVEGOMRK
IJJIGXW[LMGLVIWYPXMRXLIHIKVEHEXMSRSJXLIWEQTPIEXLMKLHMWXMPPEXMSR
XIQTIVEXYVIW8LIWIGSVVIGXMSRWEVIWSQIXMQIWTIVJSVQIHF]XLI
PEFSVEXSV]-JXLIGSVVIGXMSRWLEZIRSXEPVIEH]FIIRETTPMIHXLI
'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSRTVSGIHYVILEWSTXMSRWEZEMPEFPIXSETTP]XLI
RIGIWWEV]GSVVIGXMSRWFIJSVIGSQQIRGMRKGEPGYPEXMSRW

 (IJEYPX'SVVIPEXMSRW
;LIR]SYFIKMRETIXVSPIYQGLEVEGXIVM^EXMSRWIWWMSR,=7=7[MPP
EPVIEH]LEZIEWIXSJHIJEYPXGSVVIPEXMSRWJSVKIRIVEXMRKTL]WMGEPERH
GVMXMGEPTVSTIVXMIWSJXLITWIYHSGSQTSRIRXW=SYQE]GLERKIER]SJ
XLIGSVVIPEXMSRWEXER]XMQI6IJIVXSSection 3.9.2 - Correlation Set
ViewJSVEPMWXMRKSJEZEMPEFPIGSVVIPEXMSRWSVAppendix B- - Petroleum
Methods/CorrelationsJSVEHIWGVMTXMSRSJIEGLGSVVIPEXMSR

 4IXVSPIYQ*PYMHW
'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSR
4VSGIHYVI

 -RMXMEPM^EXMSR
&IJSVIIRXIVMRKXLI3MP'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSR)RZMVSRQIRX]SYEVIVIUYMVIH
XSGVIEXIE*PYMH4EGOEKI[MXLEWTIGMJMIH4VSTIVX]4EGOEKIEXXLIZIV]
QMRMQYQ2SXIXLEXXLI%WWSGMEXIH4VSTIVX]4EGOEKIQYWXFIEFPIXS
LERHPIL]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXWMIE7XIEQ4EGOEKIMWRSXEPPS[IH

-J]SY[MWLXSYWIPMFVEV]GSQTSRIRXWXSVITVIWIRXXLI0MKLX)RHW
TSVXMSRSJ]SYVEWWE]MXMWFIWXXSWIPIGXXLIGSQTSRIRXWTVMSVXS
IRXIVMRKXLI3MP'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSR)RZMVSRQIRXMJ]SYJSVKIXXSHSXLMW
]SYGERVIXYVRPEXIVXSXLI*PYMH4EGOEKIERHWIPIGXXLIGSQTSRIRXW

3-122
 Oil Manager 3-123

8LIOil ManagerXEFSJXLIBasis ManagerZMI[MWWLS[RLIVI

The Fluid Package that is used Figure 3.24

in the Oil Characterization
Environment is displayed in
the Associated Fluid Package
drop down on the Oil
Manager tab of the
Simulation Basis Manager
view.

8LIAssociated Fluid PackageJSVXLI3MPWIVZIWX[STVMQEV]JYRGXMSRW

• Provides the light end components.

• Identifies to which fluid package the Hypo Group (Oil) will be
installed.

;LIR]SYMRWXEPPXLISMPMRXSEWXVIEQ,=7=7[MPPEP[E]WTPEGIXLMW
WXVIEQMRXLI1EMR*PS[WLIIX*SVXLMWVIEWSRXLI%WWSGMEXIH*PYMH
4EGOEKImust beXLIJPYMHTEGOEKIYWIHF]XLI1EMR*PS[WLIIX

-J]SYEPWS[MWLXSMRWXEPPXLITWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWMRXSE7YF*PS[WLIIX
XLMWQYWXFIHSRISRXLIComponentsXEFSJXLISubFlowsheet Fluid
PackageHypotheticalVEHMSFYXXSRAdd GroupSVAdd Hypo FYXXSR
-JXLI7YF*PS[WLIIXYWIWXLIWEQI*PYMH4EGOEKIEWXLI1EMR
*PS[WLIIXXLIRXLMWEGXMSRMWRSXRIGIWWEV]EWXLITWIYHSGSQTSRIRXW
EVIEHHIHXSXLI*PYMH4EGOEKISRGIERSMPWXVIEQMWMRWXEPPIH

-J]SYEVIKSMRKXSXVERWJIVERSMPWXVIEQFIX[IIR*PS[WLIIXW[MXL
HMJJIVIRXJPYMHTEGOEKIWIRWYVIXLEXXLITWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWEVI
MRWXEPPIHMRIEGL*PS[WLIIXJPYMHTEGOEKI2SXIXLEXMJ]SYLEZIRSX
HIJMRIHXLIWEQIGSQTSRIRXWMRIEGLJPYMHTEGOEKI,=7=7[MPP
XVERWJIVSRP]XLIGSQTSWMXMSRWJSVXLSWIGSQTSRIRXWXLEXEVIEZEMPEFPI
ERH[MPPRSVQEPM^IXLIVIQEMRMRKGSQTSWMXMSRW

8LI*PYMH4EGOEKIXLEXMWYWIHMRXLI3MP'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSR)RZMVSRQIRX
GERFIWIPIGXIHJVSQXLI Associated Fluid Package HVSTHS[RPMWX8S
IRXIVXLI3MP)RZMVSRQIRXWIPIGXXLIEnter Oil EnvironmentFYXXSREW
Oil Environment Button

3-123
3-124 Petroleum Fluids Characterization

WLS[RMRFigure 3.24SVWIPIGXXLIOil EnvironmentFYXXSRJVSQXLI

&YXXSR&EV8LIJSPPS[MRKJMKYVIMPPYWXVEXIWXLIQEOIYTSJEX]TMGEPSMP

Figure 3.25
Bulk Properties Molecular Weight
Mass Density
Assay 1 Watson (UOP) K
Viscosity
OIL Assay 2
(blend)

Boiling Point TBP

Assay 3 Curve D86
D1160
D86/D1160
D2887
EFV
Chromatograph

Property Curves Molecular Weight

Dependent/ Mass Density
Independent Viscosity

%R3MPSV&PIRHMWGSQTVMWIHSJER]RYQFIVSJ%WWE]W)EGLMRHMZMHYEP
%WWE]GSRXEMRWWTIGMJMGMRJSVQEXMSR[MXLVIWTIGXXSXLI&YPO4VSTIVXMIW
&SMPMRK4SMRX'YVZIERH4VSTIVX]'YVZIW*SVXLI&YPO4VSTIVXMIW]SY
QE]WYTTP]1SPIGYPEV;IMKLX1EWW(IRWMX];EXWSR934/JEGXSV
ERHSV:MWGSWMX]=SYGERTVSZMHIXLI&SMPMRK4SMRXGYVZIMRER]SRISJ
XLIJSVQEXWHMWTPE]IHMRXLIFigure 3.25(YVMRKGEPGYPEXMSRW,=7=7
[MPPEYXSQEXMGEPP]GSRZIVXEPPGYVZIWXSE8&4FEWMW=SYEPWSLEZIXLI
STXMSRSJWYTTP]MRK1SPIGYPEV;IMKLX1EWW(IRWMX]ERHSV:MWGSWMX]
GYVZIW

8LIVIEVIXLVIIKIRIVEPWXITW[LMGL]SYQYWXJSPPS[[LIRIZIV]SY
GVIEXIERSMP
It is a good idea to open the
Trace Window before you start
the characterization, since it  'LEVEGXIVM^I%WWE]
displays important
 +IRIVEXI4WIYHS'SQTSRIRXW
information during Oil
Characterization calculations.  -RWXEPP3MPMR*PS[WLIIX

 7XIT3RI'LEVEGXIVM^I
%WWE]
)RXIVXLITIXVSPIYQEWWE]HEXEMRXS,=7=7ZMEXLI AssayXEFSJXLIOil
CharacterizationZMI[,=7=7[MPPYWIXLIWYTTPMIH%WWE]HEXEXS
KIRIVEXIMRXIVREP8&4QSPIGYPEV[IMKLXHIRWMX]ERHZMWGSWMX]GYVZIW
VIJIVVIHXSEW;SVOMRK'YVZIW7IISection 3.6 - Characterizing Assays
JSVQSVIHIXEMPW

3-124
 Oil Manager 3-125

 7XIT8[S+IRIVEXI4WIYHS
'SQTSRIRXW
4WIYHSGSQTSRIRXWEVIKIRIVEXIHJVSQXLI;SVOMRK'YVZIWZMEXLI
Cut/BlendXEFSJXLI Oil CharacterizationZMI[8LMWTVSGIWWMW
I\TPEMRIHMRAppendix B- - Petroleum Methods/Correlations7II
Section 3.7 - Pseudo Component GenerationJSVXLITVSGIHYVI

 7XIT8LVII-RWXEPP3MP
3RGIXLI&PIRHLEWFIIRGLEVEGXIVM^IHWEXMWJEGXSVMP]MRWXEPPTWIYHS
GSQTSRIRXWMRXS]SYV,=7=7GEWIZMEXLIInstall OilXEFSJXLIOil
CharacterizationZMI[=SYGERMRWXEPPXLISMPEWEHIJMRIHWXVIEQF]
TVSZMHMRKE7XVIEQREQI8LITWIYHSGSQTSRIRXW[MPPEPWSFIEHHIH
XSEHMWXMRGX,]TS+VSYTERHXSXLIEWWSGMEXIH*PYMH4EGOEKI7II
Section 3.9.4 - Install Oil TabJSVQSVIHIXEMPW

 9WIV4VSTIVX]
-REHHMXMSRXSXLIXLVIIFEWMGWXITWVIUYMVIHXSGLEVEGXIVM^IERSMPMR
,=7=7YWIVTVSTIVXMIWGERFIEHHIHQSHMJMIHHIPIXIHSVGPSRIH%
YWIVTVSTIVX]MWER]TVSTIVX]XLEXGERFIGEPGYPEXIHSRXLIFEWMWSJ
GSQTSWMXMSR7IISection 3.8 - User PropertyJSVHIXEMPW

 'SVVIPEXMSRW
'SVVIPEXMSRWGERFIWIPIGXIHZMEXLICorrelationXEFSJXLIOil
CharacterizationZMI[,=7=7EPPS[W]SYXSGLSSWIJVSQE[MHIZEVMIX]
SJGSVVIPEXMSRWYWIHMRFSXLXLIHIXIVQMREXMSRSJ[SVOMRKGYVZIWERHMR
XLIKIRIVEXMSRSJTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXW7IISection 3.9.1 - Correlation
Tab
%PPSJXLIMRJSVQEXMSRYWIHMRKIRIVEXMRK]SYVTWIYHS
GSQTSRIRXW[MPPFIWXSVIH[MXLXLIGEWI8LMWMRGPYHIW%WWE]W
ERHXLIMVEWWSGMEXIH3TXMSRW4VSTIVX]'YVZIWERH&YPO
4VSTIVXMIW9WIV4VSTIVXMIWXLI'SVVIPEXMSRWYWIHJSV
KIRIVEXMRKXLITWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWXLI'SRWXMXYIRXSMPW[MXL
JPS[VEXIWJSVFPIRHWERHXLI*PS[WLIIXWXVIEQMR[LMGLIEGL
SMP[EWMRWXEPPIH8LMWMRJSVQEXMSR[MPPFIEZEMPEFPIXLIRI\X
XMQI]SYSTIRXLIGEWI

3-125
3-126 Oil Characterization View

 3MP'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSR
:MI[
;LIR]SYIRXIVXLI3MP'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSR)RZMVSRQIRX]SY[MPPWIIXLI
JSPPS[MRKZMI[

Figure 3.26

8LMWMWXLILSQIZMI[JSVXLI3MP'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSR)RZMVSRQIRX8LIVI
EVIJMZIXEFW[LMGLVITVIWIRXXLIQEMREVIEWSJXLI)RZMVSRQIRX

Tab Description
Add, edit, delete, clone, import or export Assays (see
Assay
Section 3.6 - Characterizing Assays).
Add, edit, delete or clone Blends (see Section 3.7 -
Cut/Blend
Pseudo Component Generation).
Add, edit, delete or clone User Properties (see Section
User Property
3.8 - User Property).
Add, edit, delete or clone Correlation Sets (see Section
Correlation
Section 3.9.1 - Correlation Tab).
Install pseudo components into a stream in a HYSYS
Install Oil
case (see Section 3.9.4 - Install Oil Tab).

If you select the Calculate All 8LI Clear All, Calculate AllERHBoil RangesFYXXSRWEVIEZEMPEFPISR
button, HYSYS will calculate ER]XEFSJXLIOil CharacterizationTVSTIVX]ZMI[-J]SYWIPIGXXLI
all Assays and Blends. This
option is useful if you have
Clear AllFYXXSR,=7=7[MPPHMWTPE]XLIJSPPS[MRK[EVRMRK
several Assays and/or Blends
and you want to see the global
effect of a change in the
correlation.

3-126
 Oil Manager 3-127

Figure 3.27

-J]SY[MWLXSHIPIXIEPP3MP'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSRMRJSVQEXMSRWIPIGXYes

7IPIGXMRKXLIBoil RangesFYXXSR[MPPVIWYPXMRXLIBoiling Ranges

TVSTIVX]ZMI[3RXLMWZMI[]SYGERWIXXLIMRMXMEPFSMPMRKTSMRXIBP
ERHJMREPFSMPMRKTSMRXFBPGYXTSMRXWSREPMUYMHZSPYQIFEWMW8LIWI
ZEPYIWEVIYWIHXSHIXIVQMRIXLIMRMXMEPERHJMREPFSMPMRKXIQTIVEXYVIW
SJXLI8&4[SVOMRKGYVZI8LIHIJEYPXZEPYIWEVIJSVXLI-&4ERH
JSVXLI*&4

Figure 3.28

-JJSVI\EQTPIER-&4ZEPYISJMWWTIGMJMIHXLIMRMXMEPFSMPMRKTSMRX
FIGSQIWXLI[IMKLXIHEZIVEKIFSMPMRKXIQTIVEXYVISJEPPGSQTSRIRXW
XLEX[SYPHFSMPSJJMRXLIJMVWXZSPYQITIVGIRX8LIJMREPFSMPMRKTSMRXMW
HIXIVQMRIHMREWMQMPEVQERRIV-JMWYWIHJSVXLI*&4XLIJMREP
FSMPMRKXIQTIVEXYVIFIGSQIWXLI[IMKLXIHEZIVEKIFSMPMRK
XIQTIVEXYVISJEPPXLIGSQTSRIRXWXLEX[SYPHFSMPSJJMRXLIPEWX
ZSPYQITIVGIRX8LIIRHWSJXLIGYVZIEVIkWXVIXGLIHkXSJMPPXLIEWWE]
VERKISJXS

%PWSSRXLIBoiling RangesZMI[]SYGERWIPIGXXLIHIJEYPX(XS8&4
GSRZIVWMSRX]TIJVSQXLIDefault D86 Curve TypeHVSTHS[RPMWX

• API (Edmister) Method 

• API 1988 (Riazi) Method 

• API 1992 Modified (Daubert) D86 

• Edmister-Okamoto 1959 Interconversion 

3-127
3-128 Characterizing Assays

 'LEVEGXIVM^MRK%WWE]W
8LIAssayXEFSJXLIOil CharacterizationZMI[MWWLS[RFIPS[

Figure 3.29

8LIAvailable AssaysEVIPMWXIHMRXLIPIJXTSVXMSRSJXLIZMI[8LI
HYSYS will not prompt for JSPPS[MRK%WWE]QERMTYPEXMSRFYXXSRWEVIEZEMPEFPI
confirmation when deleting
an assay, so be careful when
Button Description
you are using this command.
However, HYSYS will not View Edit the currently highlighted Assay.
delete an assay that is being
Add Create a new Assay.
used by a blend.
Delete Erase the currently highlighted Assay.
Create a new Assay with the same properties as the currently
Clone highlighted Assay. HYSYS will immediately open a new Assay
view.
Import Bring a saved assay into the current case.
Imported and Exported assays
have a filename form *.oil. Export Save an assay to disk so that it can be used in other cases.

2SXIXLEXJSVELMKLPMKLXIH%WWE]]SYGERIHMXXLIREQIERHTVSZMHIE
HIWGVMTXMSRMRXLIAssay InformationKVSYT

8LIJSPPS[MRKWIGXMSRW[MPPSYXPMRIIEGLSJXLIXEFWGSRXEMRIHSRXLI
AssayZMI[EGGIWWIHZMEXLIEditSVAddFYXXSR

3-128
 Oil Manager 3-129

 -RTYX(EXE8EF
8LIQMRMQYQEQSYRXSJMRJSVQEXMSRXLEX,=7=7VIUYMVIWXS
GLEVEGXIVM^IETIXVSPIYQJPYMHMWIMXLIV

• a laboratory distillation curve OR

• two of the following three bulk properties: Molecular Weight,
Density, Watson (UOP) K factor.

,S[IZIVER]EHHMXMSREPMRJSVQEXMSRWYGLEWHMWXMPPEXMSRGYVZIWFYPO
TVSTIVXMIWERHSVTVSTIVX]GYVZIWWLSYPHFIIRXIVIH;MXLQSVI
WYTTPMIHMRJSVQEXMSR,=7=7[MPPTVSHYGIEQSVIEGGYVEXIJMREP
GLEVEGXIVM^EXMSRSJ]SYVSMP
2SXIXLEX[LIR]SYSTIRXLIAssayZMI[XSXLIInput DataXEF
EPPXLEXMWHMWTPE]IHMWXLIData TypeHVSTHS[REBulk
PropertiesXEFPIERHXLIMolecular Weight of lightest
componentMRTYXGIPP2I[MRTYXJMIPHWEVIEHHIHEW]SY
WTIGMJ]XLIMRJSVQEXMSRJSV]SYVSMP

8LI Input DataXEFMWWLS[RFIPS[

Figure 3.30
The layout of this page Specify which individual Specify the extrapolation
depends largely on the Input Data curves are to be method for each property
Data Type you choose. included. curve.

Options
related to the The options
Data Type displayed in
are displayed this table
in this area. depend on
which radio
button is
selected.

3-129
3-130 Characterizing Assays

*SVIEGLSJXLIXLVIITVSTIVX]GYVZIW1SPIGYPEV;IMKLX
(IRWMX]ERH:MWGSWMX]]SYLEZIXLIJSPPS[MRKSTXMSRW2SX
9WIH(ITIRHIRXSV-RHITIRHIRX-J]SYW[MXGLXLIWXEXYWXS
2SX9WIHEJXIV]SYLEZIIRXIVIHEWWE]HEXEEPP]SYVHEXEJSV
XLEXTVSTIVX]GYVZI[MPPFIPSWX[LIR]SYVIXYVR]SYVWIPIGXMSR
XS(ITIRHIRXSV-RHITIRHIRX

8LIMRJSVQEXMSRXLEXMWHMWTPE]IHEXER]XMQIMWEJYRGXMSRSJXLIEWWE]
Data TypeERHER]STXMSRWZMWGSWMX]GYVZIWIXG[LMGLLEZIFIIR
WTIGMJMIH8LISRP]MRJSVQEXMSR[LMGLMWGSQQSRXSEPP(EXE8]TIWMW
XLIJSPPS[MRK

Object Description
You can provide the name of the Assay in the Name cell
Name
(maximum 12 characters).
The status bar is displayed at the bottom of the screen:
• Assay Was Not Calculated - You have not provided enough
Assay information to determine a solution (or you have
enough information and have not selected the Calculate
button).
Assay Status
• Assay Was Calculated - You have provided Assay
information, selected the Calculate button, and obtained a
There is no confirmation solution.
when you delete an assay, • An Error Was Found During Calculation - The Trace
unless it is being used by a Window will usually show a description of the type of Error.
blend, in which case you Calculate Select this button to calculate the Assay.
cannot delete it.
Delete and Select these buttons to delete the current Assay, or close
Close the Assay view, respectively.

3-130
 Oil Manager 3-131

%WWE]8]TIW
=SYGERWIPIGXXLI%WWE]8]TIJVSQXLIData TypeHVSTHS[RMRXLI
OptionsKVSYT

Assay Type Data Type Group Box Description

True boiling point distillation data at atmospheric pressure. Once
you have selected this option, you can enable Vacuum Distillation
for sub-atmospheric conditions by checking the Vacuum Distillation
box. The default pressure in this case is 10 mmHg (ASTM
TBP
standard). When you supply sub-atmospheric data, it is
automatically corrected from vacuum to atmospheric conditions
using procedure 5A1.13 (without K-correction) from the API Data
Book.
Standard ASTM D86 distillation data at atmospheric pressure. You
 
can specify the Conversion Type (Default-1974 , D86-1988 , D86-
 
1992 or D86-Okamoto . With this Assay type you can also correct
for thermal cracking as well as for elevation.
• ASTM D86 Cracking Correction - The ASTM cracking correction is
designed to correct for the effects of thermal cracking that occur during
the laboratory distillation. If this has not been done by the laboratory,
check the Cracking box in the Options group, and HYSYS will perform
the necessary corrections. This correction will only be applied to ASTM
D86 temperatures greater than 485°F (250°C). Note that the API
cracking correction should not be applied to ASTM D86 distillations that
D86** extend beyond 900°F (500°C), due to the exponential nature of the
correction.
• ASTM D86 Barometric Correction - ASTM D86 data that has been
generated above sea level conditions must be corrected for barometric
pressure. If this has not been done by the laboratory, selecting the
Correct Bar. Press. box from the Options group will perform the
necessary corrections. Enter the ambient laboratory barometric pressure
and HYSYS will correct your ASTM distillation data to 1 atm before
applying the API Data Book conversions for ASTM D86 to TBP
distillation.
Note that you must provide data on a liquid volume basis.
ASTM D1160 distillation data at atmospheric pressure. Once you
have selected this option, you can enable Vacuum Distillation for
sub-atmospheric conditions. When ASTM D1160 Vacuum data is
supplied, HYSYS will first convert it to TBP vacuum data, and then
D1160**
convert this to TBP data at 760 mmHg using procedure 5A1.13 of
the API Data Book. The default pressure in this case is 10 mmHg
(ASTM standard). Note that you must provide data on a liquid
volume basis.
This is a combination of the D86/D1160 distillation data types. You
 
can specify the Conversion Type (either Default-1974 , D86-1988 ,
 
D86-1992 or D86-Okamoto ). You can also correct for thermal
D86_D1160 cracking, and enable Vacuum Distillation for sub-atmospheric
conditions (See ASTM D86 Cracking Correction, above). You
must provide data on a liquid volume basis.
Simulated distillation analysis from chromatographic data, reported
only on a weight percent basis at atmospheric pressure. You have

the choice of conversion method (Default or NewD2887 ). The new
ASTM_D2887
conversion method, which tends to be more accurate, uses a
temperature difference equation as opposed to a charting
procedure.

3-131
3-132 Characterizing Assays

Assay Type Data Type Group Box Description

A gas chromatograph analysis of a small sample of completely
vapourized oil, analyzed for paraffin, aromatic and naphthenic
hydrocarbon groups from C6 to C30. Chromatographic analyses may
Chromatograph
be entered on a mole, mass or liquid volume basis. With this option,
you enter Light Ends, Bulk and Chromatographic analysis data (See
Section 3.6.1 - Input Data Tab, Chromatographic Assay Input).
Equilibrium flash vapourization curve; this involves a series of
EFV experiments at constant atmospheric pressure, where the total
vapour is in equilibrium with the unvapourized liquid.
No distillation data is available; HYSYS will generate a TBP curve
None from bulk property data. With this option, you only enter bulk data.

*SVEPP%WWE]X]TIWI\GITX'LVSQEXSKVETLERH2SRI]SYGER
IRXIV0MKLX)RHW&YPO1SPIGYPEV;IMKLX(IRWMX]SV:MWGSWMX]
**Fitted forms of Figures 3A1.1 MRJSVQEXMSRWIISection 3.6.1 - Input Data Tab
and 3A2.1 of the API Data
Book are used for the
conversion of ASTM D86 and
ASTM D1160 distillation
input data to HYSYS’ internal
+IRIVEP+YMHIPMRIW
TBP Working Curve.
7SQIKIRIVEPKYMHIPMRIWEVITVSZMHIHLIVI

• There is no limit to the number of assay data points that you

may enter for TBP, ASTM D86, ASTM D1160, ASTM
D86_D1160 ASTM_D2887 or EFV analyses. Data points may
be input in any order, as HYSYS automatically sorts your input
data.
• HYSYS requires a minimum of 5 data points for all assays.
Depending on the shape of the input curve, intermediate
values for HYSYS’ internal TBP working curve are interpolated
using either a third or fourth order LaGrange polynomial fit. The
points outside your data are extrapolated using the
extrapolation method which you select: Lst Sqr, La_Grange or
Probability.

3-132
 Oil Manager 3-133

9WIXLI4VSFEFMPMX]I\XVETSPEXMSRQIXLSHMRGEWIW[LIR]SYV
&SMPMRK8IQTIVEXYVIEWWE]VITVIWIRXWEJYPPVERKIGVYHIERHXLI
HEXEMWVIPEXMZIP]JPEX*SVMRWXERGIXLIHEXEMRXLIHMWXMPPEXMSR
VERKISJ]SYVEWWE]MIXSQE]FIVIPEXMZIP]GSRWXERX
-RWXIEHSJPMRIEVP]I\XIRHMRKXLIGYVZIXSXLI-&4ERH*&4XLI
4VSFEFMPMX]QIXLSH[MPPGSRWMHIVXLIWXIITVMWIJVSQXLI-&4
ERHXLIWXIITVMWIXSXLI*&4
Extrapolated Part

Temperature
Known Part of Curve

Assay %

*SVEWWE]WVITVIWIRXMRKGYXWMIRETLXLESVEWWE]WJSV

TVSTIVXMIWSXLIVXLER&SMPMRK8IQTIVEXYVIFIWXVIWYPXW[MPPFI
SFXEMRIHF]YWMRKXLI0EC+VERKISV0IEWX7UYEVIWQIXLSH8LI
0IEWX7UYEVIWQIXLSHMWEPS[IVSVHIV0EC+VERKIQIXLSH

)EGLXMQI]SYGLERKIXLI&EWMWSV)\XVETSPEXMSRQIXLSHXLI%WWE][MPP
RIIHXSFIVIGEPGYPEXIH

• TBP, EFV, and Chromatographic laboratory assay values may

be entered on a liquid volume, mole or weight basis. Liquid
volume is the default basis for TBP and EFV input, and mole is
the default basis for Chromatographic input. Due to the form of
the conversion curves in the API data book, you must supply
your ASTM D86 and ASTM D1160 distillation data on a liquid
volume basis. ASTM D2887 is only reported on a weight
percent basis.
• If you are editing an assay, redefining the Basis will not alter
your supplied assay values. For example, consider an assay
curve with 10, 30, 50, 70 and 90 liquid volume percent points. If
you change the Basis to mass percent, the assay percents and
temperature will not be changed. The temperature you
supplied for 10% liquid volume will be retained for 10% mass.

,=7=7KIRIVEXIWEPPSJMXWTL]WMGEPERHGVMXMGEPTVSTIVXMIWJVSQ
ERMRXIVREPP]KIRIVEXIH8&4GYVZIEXEXQSWTLIVMGGSRHMXMSRW
6IKEVHPIWWSJ[LEXX]TISJEWWE]HEXE]SYTVSZMHI,=7=7[MPP
EP[E]WGSRZIVXMXXSERMRXIVREP8&4GYVZIJSVXLI
GLEVEGXIVM^EXMSRTVSGIHYVI2SXIXLEXXLIMRXIVREP8&4GYVZIMW
RSXWXSVIH[MXLXLIEWWE]

3-133
3-134 Characterizing Assays

7XERHEVH%WWE]-RTYX
The conversion procedure
from various assay types to a
*SVEPPHEXEX]TISTXMSRWI\GITXChromatographSVNone]SYLEZIXLI
TBP curve is based on Figure STXMSRSJIRXIVMRKLight Ends, Bulk,ERHProperty CurveMRJSVQEXMSR
3-3 of the API data book. MREHHMXMSRXSXLIVIUYMVIHBoiling TemperatureHEXE

&SMPMRK8IQTIVEXYVI
*SV(EXE8]TISTXMSRWTBP, D86, D1160, ASTM_D2887ERHEFV,XLI
TVSGIHYVIJSVIRXIVMRKFSMPMRKXIQTIVEXYVIMRJSVQEXMSRMWIWWIRXMEPP]
XLIWEQI]SYEVIVIUYMVIHXSIRXIVEXPIEWXJMZITEMVWSJ%WWE]4IVGIRXW
ERH&SMPMRK8IQTIVEXYVIW8LIBoiling TemperatureMRTYXXEFPIMW
I\EGXP]XLIWEQIJSVIEGLSJXLIWISTXMSRW2SXIXLEX]SYGERXLI
Boiling TemperatureMRTYXXEFPIF]WIPIGXMRKXLIBoiling Temperature
VEHMSFYXXSR

Figure 3.31

*SVXLID86_D1160GLEVEGXIVM^EXMSRTVSGIHYVI]SYEVIVIUYMVIHXS
IRXIVFSMPMRKXIQTIVEXYVIMRJSVQEXMSRJSVFSXLXLI(ERH(HEXE
X]TIW8LMWTVSGIHYVI[MPPEZIVEKIXLI(GYVZIERH(GYVZIMR
XLIEVIE[LIVIXLI]SZIVPET*SVI\EQTPIMRXLIGSQFMRIH%781(
(MRTYXJSVQWLS[RMRFigure 3.32XLIPEWXVIGSVHIH(EWWE]
TSMRXMWEXZSPERHXLIJMVWXVITSVXIH(HEXETSMRXMWEXZSP
8LIVIJSVIXLIVIWYPXMRK8&4GYVZI[MPPVITVIWIRXXLIEZIVEKISJXLIX[S
GYVZIWFIX[IIRERHZSP)EGLGYVZIQYWXGSRXEMREQMRMQYQ
SJHEXETSMRXW

Figure 3.32

3-134
 Oil Manager 3-135

0MKLX)RHW

Light EndsEVIHIJMRIHEWTYVIGSQTSRIRXW[MXLPS[FSMPMRKTSMRXW
'SQTSRIRXWMRXLIFSMPMRKVERKISJ' XSR' EVIQSWXGSQQSRP]SJ
 

MRXIVIWX+IRIVEPP]MXMWTVIJIVVIHXLEXXLITSVXMSRSJXLISMPkWHMWXMPPEXMSR
EWWE]FIPS[XLIFSMPMRKTSMRXSJR' FIVITPEGIH[MXLHMWGVIXITYVI


GSQTSRIRXWPMFVEV]SVL]TSXLIXMGEP8LMWWLSYPHEP[E]W]MIPHQSVI

EGGYVEXIVIWYPXWXLERYWMRKTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWXSVITVIWIRXXLI0MKLX
)RHWTSVXMSR

Figure 3.33

,=7=7TVSZMHIWXLVIISTXMSRWXSEGGSYRXJSVLight Ends[LMGLEVI

Option Description
HYSYS will characterize the Light Ends portion of your
Ignore sample as pseudo components. This is the least accurate
method and as such, is not recommended.
Select this when you do not have a separate Light Ends
analysis but you want the low boiling portion of your assay
Auto Calculate represented by pure components. HYSYS will only use
the pure components you have selected in the Fluid
Package.
Select this when you have a separate Light Ends assay
Input and your petroleum assay was prepared with the light
ends in the sample. HYSYS will provide a form listing the
Composition
pure components you selected in the Fluid Package. Input
your data on a non-cumulative basis.

8SGSVVIGXP]IQTPS]XLIAuto Calculate SVInput Composition

STXMSRW]SYWLSYPHIMXLIVTMGOPMFVEV]GSQTSRIRXWSVHIJMRI
L]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXWXSVITVIWIRXXLI0MKLX)RHWFIJSVI
IRXIVMRKXLI3MP'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSRIRZMVSRQIRX-J]SYLEZI
WIPIGXIHXLIAuto CalculateQIXLSH[MXLSYXWTIGMJ]MRKPMKLX
IRHW,=7=7[MPPGEPGYPEXIXLISMPYWMRKSRP]TWIYHS
GSQTSRIRXWNYWXEWMJ]SYLEHWIPIGXIHIgnore-J]SYWIPIGXIH
Input CompositionXLIVI[MPPFIRSPMKLXIRHGSQTSRIRXWJSV
[LMGL]SYGERWYTTP]GSQTSWMXMSRW=SYGERKSFEGOXSXLI
Fluid PackageZMI[EXER]XMQIERHHIJMRI]SYVPMKLX
GSQTSRIRXW

3-135
3-136 Characterizing Assays

8LIJSPPS[MRKWIGXMSRTVSZMHIWEHIXEMPIHI\TPEREXMSRSJ0MKLX)RHW
LS[XLIPEFSVEXSV]QE]EGGSYRXJSVXLIQLS[XLI]EVIVITSVXIHERH
LS[,=7=7[MPPYXMPM^IXLMWMRJSVQEXMSR-XMWVIGSQQIRHIHXLEX]SY
VIEHXLMWMRJSVQEXMSRXSIRWYVIXLEX]SYEVIWIPIGXMRKXLIVMKLXSTXMSRW
JSV]SYVEWWE]

0EFSVEXSV]%WWE]4VITEVEXMSR
(YVMRK8&4ERH%781PEFSVEXSV]HMWXMPPEXMSRWPSWWSJWSQISJXLI0MKLX
)RHWGSQTSRIRXWJVSQXLIWEQTPIJVIUYIRXP]SGGYVW8STVSZMHI
MRGVIEWIHEGGYVEG]EWITEVEXI0MKLX)RHWEWWE]EREP]^IHYWMRK
GLVSQEXSKVETLMGXIGLRMUYIWQE]FIVITSVXIH

6IKEVHPIWWSJ[LIXLIVEWITEVEXIPMKLXIRHWEREP]WMW[EWTVSZMHIH]SYV
SZIVEPPEWWE]MWIMXLIVLight Ends IncludedSVLight Ends Free8LI[E]
MR[LMGL]SYVWEQTPI[EWEREP]^IHEJJIGXWFSXLXLIVIWYPXWERHXLI
QIXLSH]SYWLSYPHYWIXSMRTYXXLIMRJSVQEXMSRJSV]SYV
GLEVEGXIVM^EXMSR

0MKLX)RHW4SVXMSR-RGPYHIHMR%WWE]

-RXLMWGEWI]SYVEWWE]HEXE[EWSFXEMRIH[MXLXLIPMKLXIRHW
GSQTSRIRXWMRXLIWEQTPIMIXLIEWWE]MWJSVXLI[LSPIWEQTPI8LI
-&4XIQTIVEXYVIJSV]SYVEWWE][MPPFIPS[IVXLERXLIFSMPMRKTSMRXSJ
XLILIEZMIWXTYVI light endGSQTSRIRX8LMWGSVVIWTSRHWXSER-&4
ETTVS\MQEXIP]IUYEPXSXLI[IMKLXIHEZIVEKIFSMPMRKTSMRXSJXLIJMVWX
SJXLISZIVEPPWEQTPI*SVI\EQTPIMJXLIPMKLXIWXGSQTSRIRXMW
TVSTERIERHMXQEOIWYTQSVIXLERSJXLIXSXEPWEQTPIXLI-&4SJ
XLIEWWE][MPPFIETTVS\MQEXIP]š*XLIRSVQEPFSMPMRKXIQTIVEXYVI
SJTVSTERI

-JXLI0MKLX)RHW[IVIMRGPYHIHMR]SYVSZIVEPPEWWE]XLIVIEVIX[S
TSWWMFMPMXMIW

Option Description

Light Ends If you know that light ends are included in your assay, choose the
Input Composition option from the Light Ends group, and
Analysis
enter the composition data directly into the Light Ends
Supplied composition view.
If you do not have a laboratory analysis for the light ends portion
No Light of your assay, then you should use the Auto Calculate option.
HYSYS will represent the light ends portion of your assay as
Ends
discrete pure components, automatically assigning an
Analysis appropriate assay percentage to each. If you do not do this (you
Available select Ignore), HYSYS will represent the Light Ends portion of
the assay as petroleum pseudo components.

3-136
 Oil Manager 3-137

%WWE]MW0MKLX)RHW*VII

=SYVEWWE]HEXE[EWEREP]^IH[MXLXLI0MKLX)RHWGSQTSRIRXWVIQSZIH
JVSQXLIWEQTPISVXLIEWWE]LEWEPVIEH]FIIREHNYWXIHJSVXLI0MKLX
)RHWGSQTSRIRXW8LI-&4XIQTIVEXYVIJSV]SYVEWWE][MPPFILMKLIV
XLERXLIFSMPMRKTSMRXSJXLILIEZMIWXTYVI light end GSQTSRIRX
X]TMGEPP]]SYVEWWE]MWJSVXLI' JVEGXMSRSRP]ERHXLI-&4XIQTIVEXYVI


[MPPFIWSQI[LEXEFSZIš*š'

0MKLX)RHW*VII%WWE](EXEERH0MKLX)RHW%REP]WMW7YTTPMIH8LI
0MKLX)RHWQYWXFIIRXIVIHEWEWITEVEXI*PS[WLIIXWXVIEQERHQM\IH
I\XIVREPXSXLIGLEVEGXIVM^EXMSRTVSGIHYVI[MXLXLISMPWXVIEQMRXLI
;SVOFSSO8LI0MKLX)RHW[IVIVIQSZIHERHEREP]^IHFIJSVIXLI
WEQTPI[EWHMWXMPPIH
&]HIJEYPX,=7=7will not VIQSZIXLI0MKLX)RHWTSVXMSRSJ
]SYVEWWE]HEXE-J]SYHSRSXTMGOE0MKLX)RHWSTXMSRER]
0MKLX)RHWGSQTSRIRXWMR]SYVEWWE][MPPFIGLEVEGXIVM^IHEW
TWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWRSXHMWGVIXIPMFVEV]GSQTSRIRXW

-RTYXSJ0MKLX)RHW(EXE
;LIR]SYLEZIWIPIGXIHInput CompositionEWXLI0MKLX)RHWSTXMSR
]SY[MPPWIIEZMI[WMQMPEVXSXLISRIWLS[RMRFigure 3.34,=7=7
HMWTPE]WEPPTYVIGSQTSRIRXWSVL]TSXLIXMGEPW]SYWIPIGXIHMRXLI
EWWSGMEXIH*PYMH4EGOEKI

Figure 3.34

3-137
3-138 Characterizing Assays

Composition Basis
=SYQE]WYTTP]E0MKLX)RHWEREP]WMWSREQSPIQEWWSVPMUYMHZSPYQI
FEWMW8LI[E]MR[LMGL]SYIRXIVXLIVIWXSJXLIPMKLXIRHWHEXE
HITIRHWSR[LIXLIV]SYWIPIGXETIVGIRXSVJPS[FEWMW

Basis Description
Enter the percent compositions for the Light Ends on a non-
cumulative basis. HYSYS will calculate the total Light Ends
percentage by summing all of the Light Ends assay data. If the
sum of the light ends assay values is equal to 100 (you have
submitted normalized data), you must enter the Percent of light
Percent
ends in the Assay. This value must be on the same basis as the
distillation data. Note that if the sum of the light ends is equal to
1.0000, HYSYS will assume that you have entered fractional
data (rather than percent), and you will be required to enter the
Percent of light ends in the Assay.
Enter the flows for each component, as well as the percent of
Flow
light ends in the assay.

%YXS'EPGYPEXI0MKLX)RHW

Refer to Appendix B- - 8LI Auto CalculateI\XVEGXMSRTVSGIHYVI[MPPMRXIVREPP]TPSXXLIFSMPMRK

Petroleum Methods/ TSMRXWSJXLIHIJMRIH0MKLX)RHWGSQTSRIRXWSRXLITBP working
Correlations for a graphical curveERHHIXIVQMRIXLIMVGSQTSWMXMSRWF]MRXIVTSPEXMSR,=7=7[MPP
representation of the Auto
Calculate Light Ends removal EHNYWXXLItotaP0MKLX)RHWJVEGXMSRWYGLXLEXXLIFSMPMRKTSMRXSJXLI
procedure. LIEZMIWX0MKLX)RHMWEXXLIGIRXVSMHZSPYQISJXLIPEWX0MKLX)RHW
GSQTSRIRX

&YPO4VSTIVXMIW

Figure 3.35

7IPIGXXLIBulkVEHMSFYXXSRXSZMI[SVWTIGMJ]XLI&YPO4VSTIVXMIW

Bulk Properties Description

Molecular Weight The Molecular Weight must be greater than 16.
The mass density must be between 250 and
2000 kg/m3 (note that units can be mass
Mass Density
density, API or specific gravity, chosen from the
drop down in the Edit Bar).

3-138
 Oil Manager 3-139

Bulk Properties Description

Watson (UOP) K factor This factor must be between 8 and 15.
(Field units only)
The bulk viscosities at two reference
Bulk Viscosities
temperatures.

8LIWIFYPOTVSTIVXMIWEVISTXMSREPI\GITX[LIRHMWXMPPEXMSRHEXEMWRSX
EZEMPEFPI]SYLEZIWIPIGXIHNone EWXLI(EXE8]TI-J]SYHSRSX
WYTTP]ER]HMWXMPPEXMSRHEXE]SYQYWXWYTTP]X[SSJXLIXLVIIMRMXMEP
FYPOTVSTIVXMIW1SPIGYPEV;IMKLX1EWW(IRWMX]SV;EXWSR934/
JEGXSVMRSVHIVJSV,=7=7XSGVIEXIEX]TMGEP8&4GYVZI8LMW8&4
GYVZIMWKIRIVEXIHFEWIHSRE;LMXWSRQSPEVHMWXVMFYXMSRQSHIP

-J]SYEVIWYTTP]MRKTVSTIVX]GYVZIWERH]SYWYTTP]EbulkQSPIGYPEV
[IMKLXHIRWMX]SV;EXWSR/JEGXSV,=7=7[MPPWQSSXLERHEHNYWXXLI
GSVVIWTSRHMRKGYVZIWXSQEXGLXLIWYTTPMIHFYPOTVSTIVXMIW2SXIXLEX
XLMWTVSGIHYVIMWTIVJSVQIH[LIXLIV]SYWYTTP]TVSTIVX]GYVZIWSV
XLI][IVIMRXIVREPP]KIRIVEXIHF],=7=7

4L]WMGEP4VSTIVX]'YVZIW
4L]WMGEPTVSTIVX]EREP]WIWEVIRSVQEPP]VITSVXIHJVSQXLIPEFSVEXSV]
YWMRKSRISJXLIJSPPS[MRKX[SGSRZIRXMSRW

• An Independent assay basis, where a common set of assay

fractions is NOT used for both the distillation curve and
physical property curve.
Note that with Dependent • A Dependent assay basis, where a common set of assay
Curves, making a change to fractions is utilized for both the distillation curve and the
an Assay Percent value will physical property curves.
automatically change this
value in all other Dependent
curves (including the Boiling
2SXIXLEXTL]WMGEPTVSTIVXMIWEVIEZIVEKIZEPYIWJSVXLIKMZIRVERKI
Point curve). ERHLIRGIEVIQMHTSMRXZEPYIW(MWXMPPEXMSRHEXEVITSVXWXLI
XIQTIVEXYVI[LIRXLIPEWXHVSTSJPMUYMHFSMPWSJJJSVEKMZIREWWE]
VERKIERHXLIVIJSVIHMWXMPPEXMSRMWERIRHTSMRXTVSTIVX]Since all
dependent input property curves are reported on the same endpoint
basis as the distillation curve, they are converted by HYSYS to a midpoint
basis.-RHITIRHIRXTVSTIVX]GYVZIWEVIRSXEPXIVIHMRER]QERRIVEW
XLI]EVIEPVIEH]HIJMRIHSREQMHTSMRXFEWMW

%W[MXLHMWXMPPEXMSRGYVZIWXLIVIMWRSPMQMXXSXLIRYQFIVSJHEXETSMRXW
]SYTVSZMHI8LISVHIVMR[LMGL]SYMRTYXXLITSMRXWMWRSXMQTSVXERX
EW,=7=7[MPPWSVXXLIMRTYXHEXEA minimum of five data points is
required to define a property curve in HYSYS.-XMWRSXRIGIWWEV]XLEX
IEGLTVSTIVX]GYVZITSMRXLEZIEGSVVIWTSRHMRKHMWXMPPEXMSRZEPYINote

3-139
3-140 Characterizing Assays

that entering the 0 vol% point of a dependent curve will contribute to

defining the shape of the initial portion of the curve, but has no physical
meaning since it is a midpoint property curve.

-JEFYPOQSPIGYPEV[IMKLXSVQEWWHIRWMX]MWKSMRKXSFIWYTTPMIHXLIR
XLIGSVVIWTSRHMRKMolecular WeightSVDensity[SVOMRKGYVZI
KIRIVEXIHJVSQ]SYVMRTYX[MPPFIWQSSXLIHXSIRWYVIEQEXGL-J]SY
HSRSXIRXIVFYPOTVSTIVXMIWXLIRXLI][MPPFIGEPGYPEXIHJVSQXLI
YRWQSSXLIHworking curves.

1SPIGYPEV;IMKLX'YVZI
%RI\EQTPISJE1SPIGYPEV;IMKLXEWWE]MWWLS[RMRFigure 3.368LI
JSVQSJXLIXEFPIMWXLIWEQIVIKEVHPIWWSJ[LIXLIV]SYLEZIWTIGMJMIH
IndependentSVDependentHEXE-J]SYWTIGMJMIHDependentHEXEXLI
%WWE]4IVGIRXWXLEX]SYHIJMRIHJSVXLIHMWXMPPEXMSRHEXE[MPP
EYXSQEXMGEPP]FIIRXIVIHMRXLIXEFPI

Figure 3.36

(ITIRHMRKSRXLIWLETISJXLIGYVZIMRXIVQIHMEXIZEPYIWJSV,=7=7k
MRXIVREP[SVOMRKGYVZIEVIMRXIVTSPEXIHYWMRKIMXLIVEXLMVHSVJSYVXL
SVHIV0EKVERKITSP]RSQMEPJMXSJ]SYVMRTYXGYVZI[LMPITSMRXWSYXWMHI
]SYVHEXEEVII\XVETSPEXIH=SYWIPIGXXLII\XVETSPEXMSRQIXLSHJSVXLI
JMXSJ]SYVMRTYXGYVZI0IEWX7UYEVIW0EC+VERKISV4VSFEFMPMX]

(IRWMX]'YVZI
%RI\EQTPISJE(IRWMX]EWWE]MWWLS[RLIVIMRFigure 3.378LIJSVQSJ
XLIXEFPIMWXLIWEQIVIKEVHPIWWSJ[LIXLIV]SYLEZIWTIGMJMIH
IndependentSVDependentHEXE-J]SYWTIGMJMIHDependentHEXEXLI
%WWE]4IVGIRXWXLEX]SYHIJMRIHJSVXLIHMWXMPPEXMSRHEXE[MPP
EYXSQEXMGEPP]FIIRXIVIHMRXLIXEFPI

3-140
 Oil Manager 3-141

Figure 3.37

(ITIRHMRKSRXLIWLETISJXLIGYVZIMRXIVQIHMEXIZEPYIWJSV,=7=7k
MRXIVREPHIRWMX][SVOMRKGYVZIEVIMRXIVTSPEXIHYWMRKIMXLIVEXLMVHSV
JSYVXLSVHIV0EKVERKITSP]RSQMEPJMXSJ]SYVMRTYXGYVZI[LMPITSMRXW
SYXWMHI]SYVHEXEEVII\XVETSPEXIH=SYWIPIGXXLII\XVETSPEXMSRQIXLSH
JSVXLIJMXSJ]SYVMRTYXGYVZI0IEWX7UYEVIW0EC+VERKISV4VSFEFMPMX]

:MWGSWMX]'YVZIW
,=7=7[MPPEGGITXZMWGSWMXMIWJSVEWWE]ZEPYIWEXX[SWTIGMJMIH
XIQTIVEXYVIW[MXLXLIHIJEYPXXIQTIVEXYVIWFIMRKERHš*8LMW
MQTPMIWXLEX]SYLEZIHIXIVQMRIHXLIZMWGSWMX]EXSVš*JSVIEGL
SJ]SYVEWWE]TSVXMSRWIXG-JSRP]SRIZMWGSWMX]GYVZIMW
EZEMPEFPI,=7=7[MPPEYXSQEXMGEPP]KIRIVEXIEWIGSRHGYVZIJSV]SYEX
IMXLIVSVš*[LMGLIZIVMWJYVXLIVJVSQXLIXIQTIVEXYVISJ]SYV
WYTTPMIHGYVZI

Figure 3.38

8LI9RMXW8]TIGERFISRISJXLIJSPPS[MRK

Unit Type Description

Dynamic Conventional viscosity units (e.g. - cP).
Kinematic Ratio of a fluid’s viscosity to its density (e.g.- stoke, m2/s).

(ITIRHMRKSRXLIWLETISJXLIGYVZIMRXIVQIHMEXIZEPYIWJSV,=7=7k
MRXIVREPZMWGSWMX][SVOMRKGYVZIWEVIMRXIVTSPEXIHYWMRKIMXLIVEXLMVHSV
JSYVXLSVHIV0EKVERKITSP]RSQMEPJMXSJXLIREXYVEPPSKEVMXLQSJ]SYV
MRTYXGYVZIW[LMPITSMRXWSYXWMHI]SYVHEXEEVII\XVETSPEXIH=SY
WIPIGXXLII\XVETSPEXMSRQIXLSHJSVXLIJMXSJ]SYVMRTYXGYVZI0IEWX
7UYEVIW0EC+VERKISV4VSFEFMPMX]

3-141
3-142 Characterizing Assays

'LVSQEXSKVETLMG%WWE]-RTYX
8LMWHMWXMPPEXMSRSTXMSREPPS[W]SYXSIRXIVEWXERHEVHPEFSVEXSV]
GLVSQEXSKVETLMGEREP]WMWHMVIGXP]8LISRP]VIUYMVIHMRTYXMWXLIEWWE]
JVEGXMSRJSVIEGLGLVSQEXSKVETLMGL]HVSGEVFSRKVSYTMRXLITEVEJJMR
EVSQEXMGERHRETLXLIRMGJEQMPMIW8LIVIUYMVIHQMRMQYQSJJMZI
TSMRXWGERFIER]GSQFMREXMSRSJTSMRXWJVSQXLIXLVIIPNAKVSYTW
8LIRSVQEPFSMPMRKTSMRXSJIEGLL]HVSGEVFSRKVSYTMWHMWTPE]IHMRXLI
42%XEFPIW

'LVSQEXSKVETLMGEREP]WIWQE]FIIRXIVIHSRIMXLIVEQSPIQEWWSV
PMUYMHZSPYQIFEWMW[MXLXLIFIWXVIWYPXWSFXEMRIH[LIRXLIMRTYX
JVEGXMSRWEVISREQSPIJVEGXMSRFEWMW

3-142
 Oil Manager 3-143

%X]TMGEP' PMUYMHWGLVSQEXSKVETLMGEREP]WMWMWWLS[RMRXLI


GLVSQEXSKVETLMGMRTYXJSVQFIPS[

Figure 3.39

2SXIXLEXGLVSQEXSKVETLMGEREP]WIWEVIX]TMGEPP]TIVJSVQIHEJXIVXLI
PMKLXIRHWSJXLISVMKMREPWEQTPILEZIFIIRVIQSZIH-J]SYLEZIE0MKLX
)RHWEREP]WMWMRXLMWGEWIMRWXEPPXLI0MKLX)RHWMREWITEVEXI*PS[WLIIX
WXVIEQERHQM\XLIX[SWXVIEQW-J]SYV'LVSQEXSKVETLMGEREP]WMW
MRGPYHIH0MKLX)RHW]SYGERMRTYXGSQTSWMXMSRWJSV]SYVPMKLXIRHW

=SYQE]EPWSWYTTP]FYPOTVSTIVX]HEXEWIIBulk PropertiesMRSection

3.6.1 - Input Data TabJSVHIXEMPW

3-143
3-144 Characterizing Assays

%WWE]-RTYX2S(MWXMPPEXMSR(EXE%ZEMPEFPI
;LIREHMWXMPPEXMSREREP]WMWMWRSXEZEMPEFPI,=7=7[MPPKIRIVEXIE
X]TMGEP8&4GYVZIFEWIHSRWYTTPMIHFYPOTVSTIVXMIWQSPIGYPEV[IMKLX
HYSYS uses the Whitson QEWWHIRWMX]ERH;EXWSR934K factor=SYLEZIXLISTXMSRSJ
Molar Distribution model that WTIGMJ]MRKXLIQSPIGYPEV[IMKLXSJXLIPMKLXIWXGSQTSRIRXMRXLI
requires at least two of the
QM\XYVI[LMGLQE]LIPTMRKIRIVEXMRKQSVIEGGYVEXI8&4GYVZIWJSV
three bulk properties (not
including bulk viscosities) in LIEZ]TIXVSPIYQJPYMHW
order to produce an average
TBP distribution. Figure 3.40

%PXLSYKLEGGYVEXIIRSYKLJSVLIEXFEPERGIETTPMGEXMSRWGEYXMSR
WLSYPHFII\IVGMWIH[LIRXLI;LMXWSRSTXMSRMWYWIHXSTVSHYGI
TWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWJSVJVEGXMSREXMSRGEPGYPEXMSRW8LMWQIXLSH[MPP
VIEPMWXMGEPP]WYTTP]EGGYVEG]WYJJMGMIRXSRP]JSVTVIPMQMREV]WM^MRK
GEPGYPEXMSRW

*SVcondensate[MXLSRP]FYPOHEXEEZEMPEFPIJSVXLI' JVEGXMSR


I\TIVMIRGILEWWLS[REGSRWMHIVEFPIMRGVIEWIMREGGYVEG]F]
VITVIWIRXMRKXLIJVEGXMSR[MXLWIZIVEPTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWEWSTTSWIH
XSEWMRKPIL]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRX[MXLXLIFYPOTVSTIVXMIW

6IJIVXSBulk Properties IEVPMIVMRXLMW7IGXMSRJSVHIXEMPWSRIRXIVMRK

FYPOTVSTIVX]HEXETEVXMGYPEVP]MRVIKEVHWXS&YPO:MWGSWMXMIW

3-144
 Oil Manager 3-145

 ;SVOMRK'YVZIW8EF
8LIWIGSRHXEFSJXLIAssayZMI[MWXLIWorking CurvesXEF3RGIXLI
%WWE]LEWFIIRGEPGYPEXIH]SYGERZMI[XLI%WWE];SVOMRK'YVZIW

Figure 3.41

6IGEPPXLEXXLI[SVOMRKGYVZIWEVIMRXIVTSPEXIHYWMRKIMXLIVEXLMVHSV
JSYVXLSVHIV0EKVERKITSP]RSQMEPJMXSJ]SYVMRTYXGYVZI[LMPIXLI
QIXLSHYWIHXSI\XVETSPEXITSMRXWSYXWMHI]SYVHEXEHITIRHWSRXLI
Specify the extrapolation
method on the Input Data
X]TISJGYVZI1EWW(IRWMX]:MWGSWMX]1SPIGYPEV;IMKLX=SYWIPIGXXLI
tab. QIXLSHJSVXLIJMXSJ]SYVMRTYXGYVZI0IEWX7UYEVIW0EC+VERKISV
4VSFEFMPMX]

,=7=7[MPPEP[E]WYWITSMRXWMRXLIGEPGYPEXMSRSJXLI[SVOMRK
GYVZIWFYXXLIQSPEVHMWXVMFYXMSR[MPPZEV]HITIRHMRKSRXLIHEXE]SY
TVSZMHI-RGEWIW[LIVIXLIVIMWEVIKMSR[MXLEWXIITKVEHMIRX,=7=7
[MPPQSZIQSVITSMRXWXSXLEXVIKMSRFYX[MPPWXMPPYWITSMRXW

3-145
3-146 Characterizing Assays

 4PSXW8EF
*SPPS[MRKXLIWorking CurvesXEFMWXLIPlotsXEFSR[LMGL]SYGER
ZMI[ER]SJXLIMRTYXHEXEGYVZIWMREKVETLMGEPJSVQEX

Figure 3.42

8LI PropertyHVSTHS[RPMWXWLS[REFSZIHMWTPE]WXLISTXMSRW
EZEMPEFPIJSVXLI]E\MWSJXLITPSX8LI&SMPMRK4XSTXMSR[MPPWLS[XLI
FSMPMRKXIQTIVEXYVIMRTYXEGGSVHMRKXSXLI(EXE8]TIGLSWIRMI8&4
The User Property option will (IXG8LI\E\MWHMWTPE]WXLI%WWE]SRE&EWMWGSRWMWXIRX[MXLXLI
only be available if a User
Property has been created and
JSVQEXSJ]SYVMRTYX
a User Curve has been defined
in the Assay. %RI\EQTPISJEBoilingPtGYVZIMWWLS[RMRFigure 3.43%PPSJXLI
IRXIVIHHEXETSMRXTEMVWERHXLIMRXIVTSPEXIHZEPYIWEVIHVE[RSRXLI
TPSX

Figure 3.43

For details on the various

Graph Control options, refer to 8SQEOIGLERKIWXSXLIETTIEVERGISJXLITPSXSFNIGXMRWTIGXXLITPSX
Section 6.4 - Graph Control of EVIE*VSQXLIQIRYXLEXETTIEVWWIPIGXGraph Control
the User’s Guide.

3-146
 Oil Manager 3-147

 'SVVIPEXMSRW8EF
8LICorrelationsXEFSJXLIAssayTVSTIVX]ZMI[MWWLS[RFIPS[

Figure 3.44

-XGSRWMWXWSJXLIJSPPS[MRKSFNIGXW

You can define new Object Description

correlations sets via the
Correlation tab, accessible By default, this is Default Set (if you have changed the
from the main Oil name of the default set, that name will appear). You can
Selected
Characterization view. See select another correlation set from the drop down, but first
Correlation Set
Section 3.9.1 - Correlation you must define one on the Correlation tab of the Oil
Tab Characterization property view.

Low and High This is the range for which the Correlations are applied. If
you split the range, then more than one temperature range
End
You can change only the name will be displayed. Note that you can edit the temperature of
Temperature defined splits for custom Correlation Sets on this tab.
of the default set. If you want
to change any correlations, The MW correlation is displayed. You cannot change the
you must create a new correlation in this view; this can be done from the
MW
correlation set. Correlation tab accessible from the main Oil
Characterization view or by pressing the Edit button.
The specific gravity (density) correlation is displayed. You
cannot change the correlation in this view; this can be
SG
done from the Correlation tab accessible from the main
Oil Characterization view or by pressing the Edit button.
Although a Correlation set
contains methods for all
properties, the Correlation 3RP]XLIQSPIGYPEV[IMKLXERHWTIGMJMGKVEZMX]GSVVIPEXMSRWEVIVIUYMVIH
tab, as seen on the Assay and MRXLIGEPGYPEXMSRSJXLI[SVOMRKGYVZIW2SXIXLEXXLIGVMXMGEPTVIWWYVI
Blend views, displays only the
properties appropriate to that GVMXMGEPXIQTIVEXYVIEGIRXVMGMX]ERHMHIEPIRXLEPT]GSVVIPEXMSRWEVIRSX
step in the Characterization HMWTPE]IHMRXLIAssayTVSTIVX]ZMI[EWXLIWIEVIETTPMGEFPISRP]MRXLI
process. GEPGYPEXMSRSJXLITWIYHSGSQTSRIRXTVSTIVXMIW

3-147
3-148 Characterizing Assays

-J]SYWYTTP]QSPIGYPEV[IMKLXSVHIRWMX]GYVZIWXLIRXLIMVVIWTIGXMZI
GSVVIPEXMSRWEVIRSXVIUYMVIH2SXIXLEX]SYHSRSXLEZIEGLSMGISJ
GSVVIPEXMSRWJSVGEPGYPEXMRKXLIZMWGSWMX]GYVZIW

 9WIV'YVZIW8EF
8LI User CurvesXEFSJXLIAssayTVSTIVX]ZMI[MWWLS[RFIPS[

Figure 3.45

8LIEZEMPEFPIERHWIPIGXIH9WIV4VSTIVXMIWEVIHMWTPE]IHMRXLIPIJX
TSVXMSRSJXLIZMI[2SXIXLEX9WIV4VSTIVXMIWEVIHIJMRIHSRXLIUser
PropertyXEFSJXLI Oil CharacterizationZMI[
There are two elements to a
User Curve:
3RGIE9WIV4VSTIVX]LEWFIIRHIJMRIH]SYGEREHHMXXSXLI%WWE]F]
1. The definition of how the
property value is calculated LMKLPMKLXMRKMXERHWIPIGXMRKXLIAddFYXXSR8SVIQSZIE9WIV4VSTIVX]
for a stream (mixing rule). JVSQXLIGYVVIRX%WWE]LMKLPMKLXMXERHWIPIGXXLI RemoveFYXXSR
2. The assay/property value
information that is supplied
for a given assay.
The property definition (see
Section 3.8 - User Property for
details) is common to all
assays.

3-148
 Oil Manager 3-149

3RGI]SYLEZIEHHIHE9WIV4VSTIVX]]SYGERIHMXXLI9WIV'YVZI
(EXE

User Curve
Description
Data
This is either Dependent or Independent. If you select
Dependent, the Assay Percents will automatically be set
to the values you specified for the Boiling Temperature
Table Type assay (Input Data tab). Note that if the table type is
Dependent, and you change the assay percents on this
tab, this will also change the assay percents in the Boiling
Temperature matrix and for any other dependent curve.
Specify a Bulk Value. If you do not want to supply a bulk
value for the user property, ensure that this cell reads
Bulk Value
<empty> by placing the cursor in that cell and pressing
the <Delete> key on the keyboard.
User Property Provide the Assay percents and User Property Values in
Table this table. At least five pairs of data are required.

 2SXIW8EF
,=7=7TVSZMHIWEXEF[LIVI]SYGERIRXIVEHIWGVMTXMSRSJXLI%WWE]JSV
]SYVS[RJYXYVIVIJIVIRGI

 4WIYHS'SQTSRIRX
+IRIVEXMSR
8LICut/BlendXEFSJXLIOil CharacterizationZMI[MWWLS[RFIPS[

Figure 3.46

3-149
3-150 Pseudo Component Generation

8LIAvailable BlendsEVIPMWXIHMRXLIPIJXTSVXMSRSJXLIZMI[8LI
As described in the Oil JSPPS[MRK&PIRHQERMTYPEXMSRFYXXSRWEVIEZEMPEFPI
Characterization View
section, the Clear All button is
used to delete all Oil Button Description
Characterization
View Edit the currently highlighted Blend.
information, the Calculate All
button re-calculates all Assay Add Create a new Blend.
and Blend information and Erase the currently highlighted Blend. HYSYS will not prompt
the Boil Ranges button allows Delete for confirmation when deleting a Blend, so be careful when you
you to change the calculation are using this command.
of the IBP and FBP and the
default D86 curve type. Create a new Blend with the same properties as the currently
Clone highlighted Blend. HYSYS will immediately open a new Blend
view.

-RXLIJSPPS[MRKWIGXMSRWIEGLXEFSJXLIBlendTVSTIVX]ZMI[EGGIWWIH
ZMEXLIViewSVAddFYXXSRWMWHIWGVMFIH

Note that for a highlighted

Blend, you can edit the name
 (EXE8EF
and provide a description in
the Blend Information group. 8LICut/BlendGLEVEGXIVM^EXMSRMR,=7=7WTPMXWMRXIVREP[SVOMRK
GYVZIWJSVSRISVQSVIEWWE]WMRXSTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXW3RGI]SYV
EWWE]MRJSVQEXMSRLEWFIIRIRXIVIHZMEXLI%WWE]ZMI[]SYQYWXAddE
All Boiling Point information &PIRHERHXVERWJIVEXPIEWXSRI%WWE]XSXLIOil Flow InformationXEFPI
supplied in an assay is XSWTPMXXLI8&4[SVOMRKGYVZIWMRXSHMWGVIXITWIYHSGSQTSRIRXW
converted to TBP format.

8LIJMVWXXEFSJXLIBlendZMI[MWWLS[RFIPS[

Figure 3.47

3-150
 Oil Manager 3-151

%WWE]7IPIGXMSR
To view an Assay, double-click
on the Assay name, either in %PMWXSJXLIEZEMPEFPI%WWE]WMWWLS[RMRXLIPIJXTSVXMSRSJXLIZMI[=SY
the Available Assays list, or in
GERGLSSWIEREWWE]F]LMKLPMKLXMRKMXERHWIPIGXMRKXLIAddFYXXSR-X
the Oil column of the Oil Flow
Information table. [MPPFIVIQSZIHJVSQXLIAvailable AssaysPMWXERHEHHIHXSXLIOil
Flow InformationXEFPI[LMGLHMWTPE]WXLIJSPPS[MRKMRJSVQEXMSR

There is no limitation to the Oil Flow

Description
number of assays that can be Information
included in a single blend or Oil The name of the Assay is displayed in this column.
to the number of blends that
can contain a given assay. You can select the Flow Basis (Mole, Mass or Liquid
Each blend is treated as a Flow Units Volume) here. Note that if you have several Assays, it is
single oil and does not share not necessary that they have the same Flow Basis.
pseudo components with Enter the flow rate; you can use any units (with the same
Flow Rate
other blends or oils. basis); they will be converted to the default.
Note also that you will be
allowed to define a Flowsheet 2SXIXLEX]SYGERVIQSZIER%WWE]JVSQXLIOil Flow InformationXEFPI
stream for each constituent
assay in a blend.
F]LMKLPMKLXMRKMXERHWIPIGXMRKXLIRemoveFYXXSR

&YPO(EXE

Figure 3.48

8LIBulk DataFYXXSRMWEZEMPEFPI[LIRQSVIXLERSRIEWWE]MWTVIWIRX
MRXLI3MP*PS[-RJSVQEXMSRXEFPI,=7=7EPPS[W]SYXSTVSZMHIXLI
JSPPS[MRKFYPOHEXEJSVEFPIRHSRXLIBulk ValuesZMI[

• Molecular Weight
• Mass Density
• Watson (UOP) K
• Viscosities at 2 temperatures

8LI&YPO(EXEJIEXYVIMWTEVXMGYPEVP]YWIJYPJSVWYTTP]MRKXLIFYPO
ZMWGSWMXMIWSJXLIFPIRHMJXLI]EVIORS[R

3-151
3-152 Pseudo Component Generation

'YX6ERKIW
=SYLEZIXLVIIGLSMGIWJSVXLI'YX3TXMSR7IPIGXMSR

When you re-cut an oil, Cut Options Description

HYSYS will automatically
update the associated Auto Cut HYSYS cuts the assay based on internal values.
Flowsheet streams with the You specify only how many pseudo components you
new pseudo-components User Points require. HYSYS proportions the cuts according to an
when you leave the Basis internal weighting scheme.
Environment.
You specify the boiling point ranges and number of cuts
User Ranges
per range.

8LIWIQIXLSHWEVIHIWGVMFIHMRHIXEMPPEXIVMRXLMWWIGXMSR

=SYGERWTIGMJ]EWQER]GSQTSRIRXWEW]SY[ERX[MXLMRXLI
PMQMXEXMSRWSJXLIEZEMPEFPIQIQSV];LIXLIVWTIGMJMIHSVGEPGYPEXIH
MRXIVREPP]IEGLGYXTSMRXMWMRXIKVEXIHXSHIXIVQMRIXLIEZIVEKI
GIRXVSMHFSMPMRKTSMRX8LIGIRXVSMHMWEP[E]WHIXIVQMRIHYWMRK
,=7=7kMRXIVREPP]KIRIVEXIH8&4GYVZISRE[IMKLXFEWMW

%PXLSYKLXLII\XIVREPTVSGIHYVIJSVFPIRHMRKEWWE]WMWEPQSWXMHIRXMGEP
[MXLXLEXJSVGYXXMRKEWMRKPIEWWE],=7=7kMRXIVREPTVSGIHYVIMW
WSQI[LEXHMJJIVIRX%JXIV,=7=7LEWGSRZIVXIHIEGLEWWE]XSE8&4ZW
[IMKLXTIVGIRXGYVZIEPPSJXLIMRHMZMHYEPGYVZIWEVIGSQFMRIHXS
TVSHYGIEWMRKPIGSQTSWMXI8&4GYVZI8LMWGSQTSWMXIGYVZIMWXLIR
YWIHEWMJMX[IVIEWWSGMEXIH[MXLEWMRKPIEWWE]TWIYHSGSQTSRIRXW
[MPPFIKIRIVEXIHFEWIHSR]SYVMRWXVYGXMSRW

8LIWITWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWEVIRS[GSQQSRXSXLIFPIRHIHSMPERHEPP
XLIGSRWXMXYIRXSMPW*SVIEGLSJXLIGSRWXMXYIRXSMPW,=7=7[MPPFEGO
GEPGYPEXIXLIGSQTSWMXMSRWXLEXGSVVIWTSRHXSXLIWITWIYHS
GSQTSRIRXW

'EYXMSRWLSYPHFII\IVGMWIH[LIRFPIRHMRKWSQI
GSQFMREXMSRWSJEREP]WIW%RMRLIVIRXEHZERXEKIEW[IPPEW
PMQMXEXMSRSJFPIRHMRKMWXLEXEPPGSRWXMXYIRXSMPWWLEVIE
GSQQSRWIXSJTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWERHXLIVIJSVITL]WMGEP
TVSTIVX]GLEVEGXIVMWXMGW%R]EREP]WIWXLEXLEZIPEVKI
SZIVPETTMRK8&4GYVZIWERHZIV]HMJJIVIRXTL]WMGEPTVSTIVX]
GYVZIWWLSYPHRSXFIFPIRHIHJSVI\EQTPIL]HVSGVEGOIV
VIG]GPIWERHJIIHWXSGOWLEZIWMQMPEV8&4WFYXZIV]HMJJIVIRX
KVEZMX]GYVZIW8LITL]WMGEPTVSTIVXMIWSJGSQTSRIRXWJSV
SZIVPETTMRKEVIEWVITVIWIRXEREZIVEKI[LMGLQE]RSX
VITVIWIRXIMXLIVSJXLIGSRWXMXYIRXEWWE]W

3-152
 Oil Manager 3-153

8LMWTVSGIHYVIMWVIGSQQIRHIH[LIRIZIVVIGSQFMRMRKTVSHYGXSMPWSV
HYSYS allows you to assign JVEGXMSRWXSTVSHYGIEWMRKPIMRPIXWXVIEQJSVI\EQTPIMRKIRIVEXMRKE
the overall blend composition JIIHJSVER*''9QEMRJVEGXMSREXSVJVSQEREP]WIWSJXLITVSHYGX
and/or individual assay
WXVIEQW8LIQENSVEHZERXEKIXSFPIRHMRKMWXLEXJI[IVTWIYHS
compositions to streams via
the Install Oil tab (Section GSQTSRIRXWEVIYWIHXSVITVIWIRXEKMZIRJIIHFIGEYWIHYTPMGEXI
3.9.4 - Install Oil Tab). GSQTSRIRXWJSVSZIVPETTMRK8&4GYVZIWEVIIPMQMREXIH%WIGSRH
EHZERXEKIMWXLEXXLIGSQTSWMXI8&4GYVZIXIRHWXSWQSSXLXLIIRH
TSVXMSRWSJXLIMRHMZMHYEPEWWE]GYVZIW[LIVIXLI]QE]RSXFIEW
EGGYVEXIEWXLIQMHHPITSVXMSRWSJXLIGYVZIW

6IGSQQIRHIH&SMPMRK4SMRX;MHXLW
8LIJSPPS[MRKXEFPIMWEKYMHIPMRIJSVHIXIVQMRMRKXLIRYQFIVSJWTPMXW
JSVIEGLFSMPMRKTSMRXVERKI8LIWIEVIFEWIHYTSRX]TMGEPVIJMRIV]
STIVEXMSRWERHWLSYPHTVSZMHIWYJJMGMIRXEGGYVEG]JSVQSWX
ETTPMGEXMSRW=SYQE][MWLXSMRGVIEWIXLIRYQFIVSJWTPMXWJSVVERKIW
[LIVIQSVIHIXEMPIHJVEGXMSREXMSRMWVIUYMVIH

Cutpoint Range Boiling Point Width Cuts/100°F

IBP to 800°F (425°C) 25°F (15°C) per cut 4
800°F to 1200°F (650°C) 50°F (30°C) per cut 2
1200°F to 1650°F (900°C) 100°F (55°C) per cut 1

6IKEVHPIWWSJ]SYVMRTYXHEXEMXMWVIGSQQIRHIHXLEX]SYPMQMX]SYV
YTTIVFSMPMRKVERKIXSš*š'%PPSJXLIGVMXMGEPTVSTIVX]
GSVVIPEXMSRWEVIFEWIHSRWTIGMJMGKVEZMX]ERHRSVQEPFSMPMRKTSMRXW
ERHXLYW2&4WEFSZIXLMWPMQMXQE]TVSHYGIIVVSRISYWVIWYPXW8LI
GVMXMGEPTVIWWYVIGSVVIPEXMSRWGSRXVSPXLMWPMQMX8LIVI[MPPRSXFIER]
PSWWMREGGYVEG]F]PYQTMRKXLILIEZ]IRHWFIGEYWIMRGVIQIRXEP
GLERKIWMRWSPYFMPMX]SJPMKLXIVGSQTSRIRXW[MPPFIRIKPMKMFPIERHXLMW
VERKI[MPPKIRIVEPP]RSXFIJVEGXMSREXIH

%YXS'YX
-J]SYWIPIGXXLIAutoCutSTXMSR,=7=7[MPPTIVJSVQXLIGYXXMRK
EYXSQEXMGEPP],=7=7YWIWXLIFSMPMRKTSMRX[MHXLKYMHIPMRIWEWWLS[R
TVIZMSYWP]

Range Cuts
100 - 800°F 28
800 - 1200°F 8
1200 - 1600°F 4

3-153
3-154 Pseudo Component Generation

9WIV4SMRXW

-J]SYWIPIGXUser PointsJVSQXLI'YX3TXMSR7IPIGXMSRHVSTHS[R
,=7=7[MPPTIVJSVQXLIGYXXMRKTVSGIWWHITIRHMRKSRXLIRYQFIVSJ
GYXW]SYWTIGMJ])RXIVXLIXSXEPRYQFIVSJGYXW]SY[ERXXSYWIJSVXLI
SMPMRXLIETTVSTVMEXIJMIPH%PPWTPMXWEVIFEWIHYTSR8&4XIQTIVEXYVI
MRHITIRHIRXSJXLIWSYVGISVX]TISJEWWE]HEXE,=7=7[MPPproportion
XLIGYXWEGGSVHMRKXSXLIJSPPS[MRKXEFPI

Cutpoint Range Internal Weighting

IBP - 800°F (425°C) 4 per 100°F
800°F - 1200°F (650°C) 2 per 100°F
1200°F to FBP 1 per 100°F

8LIMRXIVREP[IMKLXMRK[MPPTVSHYGIQSVITWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWTIV
š*VERKIEXXLIPS[IVFSMPMRKTSMRXIRHSJXLIEWWE]*SVI\EQTPI
KMZIRE8&4XIQTIVEXYVIVERKISJš*XSš*ERHGSQTSRIRXW
VIUYIWXIH,=7=7[MPPTVSHYGIGSQTSRIRXWJSVXLIJMVWXVERKI
GSQTSRIRXWJSVXLIWIGSRHVERKIERHX[SGSQTSRIRXWJSVXLIPEWX
VERKI

(800 - 100) / 100 * 4 = 28

(1200 - 800) / 100 * 2 = 8

(1400 - 1200) / 100 * 1 = 2

9WIV6ERKIW

-J]SY[MWLXSHIJMRIGYXTSMRXVERKIWERHWTIGMJ]XLIRYQFIVSJTWIYHS
GSQTSRIRXWMRIEGLVERKIWIPIGXUser RangesERH,=7=7[MPPHMWTPE]
XLI6ERKIW7IPIGXMSRMRJSVQEXMSREWWLS[RMRFigure 3.49

Figure 3.49

3-154
 Oil Manager 3-155

8LI-&4ERH*&4EVIWLS[RXLIWIZEPYIWGSVVIWTSRHXSXLIMRMXMEP
FSMPMRKTSMRXERHXLIJMREPFSMPMRKTSMRXSJ,=7=7kMRXIVREP8&4
[SVOMRKGYVZI%XXLMWTSMRXEPPPMKLXIRHWLEZIFIIRVIQSZIHMJ
VIUYIWXIHERHXLI-&4TVIWIRXIHMWSREPMKLXIRHWJVIIFEWMW6IJIVXS
XLI&SMPMRK6ERKIWHMWGYWWMSRMRSection 3.5 - Oil Characterization
ViewJSVHIJMRMXMSRWSJXLI-&4ERH*&4

2SXIXLEXXLI-&4ERH*&4SJXLIMRXIVREP8&4GYVZIYWIHJSVXLI
GSPYQRSTIVEXMSRkWcutpoint specificationsERHXLIboiling point
tablesEVIHIXIVQMRIHMRXLMWQERRIV-JXLIJMVWXSVPEWXTWIYHS
GSQTSRIRXLEWEZSPYQIJVEGXMSRPEVKIVXLERXLEXHIJMRIHF]XLI
IRHTSMRXWJSVXLI-&4SV*&4VIWTIGXMZIP]XLI8&4GYVZI[MPPFI
I\XVETSPEXIHYWMRKEWTPMRIJMX

=SYQE]WYTTP]XLI-RMXMEP'YX4SMRXLS[IZIVMJXLMWJMIPHMWPIJXFPERO
,=7=7[MPPYWIXLI-&4,=7=7GSQFMRIWXLIQEXIVMEPFSMPMRKFIX[IIR
XLI-&4ERHXLIMRMXMEPGYXTSMRXXIQTIVEXYVI[MXLXLIQEXIVMEPJVSQXLI
JMVWXGYXXSTVSHYGIXLIJMVWXGSQTSRIRX8LMWGSQTSRIRX[MPPLEZIER
2&4GIRXVSMHETTVS\MQEXIP]LEPJ[E]FIX[IIRXLIWIFSYRHEVMIW

8LIRI\XTEVEQIXIVWXLEX]SYQYWXWYTTP]EVIXLIYTTIVGYXTSMRX
XIQTIVEXYVIERHXLIRYQFIVSJGYXWJSVXLIJMVWXGYXTSMRXVERKI%W
WLS[RMRFigure 3.47XLIYTTIVGYXTSMRXXIQTIVEXYVIJSVXLIJMVWX
VERKIEPWSGSVVIWTSRHWXSXLIPS[IVFSMPMRKTSMRXSJXLIWIGSRH
GYXTSMRXVERKIWSMXHSIWRSXLEZIXSFIVIIRXIVIH%JXIVXLIJMVWXGYX
VERKILEWFIIRHIJMRIHSRP]XLIYTTIVGYXTSMRXXIQTIVEXYVIERHXLI
RYQFIVSJGYXWRIIHXSFIWYTTPMIHJSVXLIVIQEMRMRKVERKIW-JXLI
JMREPGYXTSMRXXIQTIVEXYVIMWRSXIUYEPXSSVKVIEXIVXLERXLI*&4
,=7=7[MPPGSQFMRIXLIQEXIVMEPFIX[IIRXLI*&4ERHXLIPEWXGYX
XIQTIVEXYVI[MXLXLIQEXIVMEPMRXLIPEWXGSQTSRIRX

%WERI\EQTPIEWWYQIXLEXXLI-&4ERH*&4EVIERHš*
VIWTIGXMZIP]XLIMRMXMEPGYXXIQTIVEXYVIMWXLIYTTIVPMQMXJSVXLI
JMVWXGYXMWHIKVIIWERHXLIRYQFIVSJGYXWMRXLIJMVWXVERKIMW

7MRGIXLIFSMPMRK[MHXLJSVIEGLGSQTSRIRXMRXLIJMVWXGYXVERKIMWš*
MI?AXLIJMVWXGSQTSRIRXkW2&4[MPPFIEXXLIGIRXVSMH
ZSPYQISJXLIXSGYXMRXLMWGEWIETTVS\MQEXIP]š*8LI
VIQEMRMRKGSQTSRIRXW[MPPLEZI2&4ZEPYIWSJapproximately
ERHš*8LIYTTIVXIQTIVEXYVIJSVXLIWIGSRH
VERKIMWERHXLIRYQFIVSJGYXWMWIUYEPXS7MRGIXLI*&4MW
XLIQEXIVMEPMRXLIFSMPMRKVERKIJVSQXS[MPPFI
MRGPYHIH[MXLXLIPEWXGSQTSRIRX

3-155
3-156 Pseudo Component Generation

 'SVVIPEXMSRW8EF
8LICorrelationsXEFSJXLIBlend TVSTIVX]ZMI[MWWLS[RFIPS[

Figure 3.50

You can only change the

name of the default set. If
you want to change any
correlations, you must
create a new correlation
set.

8LICorrelationsXEFGSRWMWXWSJXLIJSPPS[MRKSFNIGXW

Object Description
By default, this is Default Set (if you have changed the name
of the default set, that name will appear). You can select
Selected another correlation set from the drop down, but first you must
define one on the Correlation tab of the Oil Characterization
view.
Low and This is the range for which the Correlations are applied. If you
You can define new High End Split the Range for a customized Correlation Set, more than
correlation sets via Temperature one temperature range will be displayed.
Correlation tab The critical temperature, critical pressure, acentricity and Ideal
accessible from the main Enthalpy correlations are displayed. You cannot change
Oil Characterization correlations on this tab; this can be done in the Correlation
view (see Section 3.9.1 - Tc, Pc, W, Cp
view accessible from the main Oil Characterization view. To
Correlation Tab) edit the Selected Correlation Set from this tab, click the Edit
button. This will take you to the Correlation view.

8LIGVMXMGEPTVIWWYVIGVMXMGEPXIQTIVEXYVIEGIRXVMGMX]ERHMHIEP
IRXLEPT]GSVVIPEXMSRWEVIVIUYMVIHMRXLI&PIRHGEPGYPEXMSRSVQSVI
WTIGMJMGEPP]MRXLIGEPGYPEXMSRSJTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXTVSTIVXMIW2SXI
XLEXXLIQSPIGYPEV[IMKLXERHWTIGMJMGKVEZMX]GSVVIPEXMSRWEVIRSX
HMWTPE]IHMRXLIBlendZMI[EWXLIWIEVIETTPMGEFPISRP]MRXLI
GEPGYPEXMSRSJXLI[SVOMRKGYVZIW-RXLIGEPGYPEXMSRSJTWIYHS
GSQTSRIRXTVSTIVXMIWXLIQSPIGYPEV[IMKLXERHWTIGMJMGKVEZMX]ERH
ZMWGSWMX]EVIIWXMQEXIHJVSQXLIMVVIWTIGXMZI[SVOMRKGYVZIW

3-156
 Oil Manager 3-157

 8EFPIW8EF
Figure 3.51

3RGI]SYLEZIGEPGYPEXIHE&PIRH]SYGERI\EQMRIZEVMSYWTVSTIVX]
ERHJPS[WYQQEVMIWJSVXLIKIRIVEXIHTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWXLEX
VITVIWIRXEGEPGYPEXIHSMP*VSQXLITable TypeHVSTHS[RPMWX]SYGER
WIPIGXER]SRISJXLIJSPPS[MRK

Table Type Description

With this Table Type selection, you can select one of the
two radio buttons in the Table Control group box:
• Main Properties - provides the normal boiling point,
Component molecular weight, density and viscosity information for each
Properties individual component in the oil.
• Other Properties - provides the critical temperature, critical
pressure, acentric factor and Watson K factor for each
individual pseudo component.
Provides individual liquid volume %, cumulative liquid
Component
volume %, volume flows, mass flows and mole flows, for
Breakdown
the input light ends and each pseudo component in the oil.
Molar Provides the molar fraction of each light end component
Compositions and each pseudo component in the oil.
For this selection, you can choose the Basis (liquid volume,
molar or mass) in the Table Control group box. There are
also three radio buttons, each producing a different table:
• Boiling Points - provides TBP, D86, D86 Corr., D1160 Vac
Oil Properties and D1160 Atm temperature ranges for the oil.
• Other Properties - provides critical temperature, critical
pressure, acentric factor, molecular weight, density and
viscosity ranges for the oil.
• User Properties - provides all user property ranges for the oil.

3-157
3-158 Pseudo Component Generation

Table Type Description

Provides tabular information on how your assay would be
roughly distributed in a fractionation column. Examine the
End Temperatures of the various ranges as well as the Cut
Distributions. You can choose the basis for the Cut
Distribution Fractions (Liquid Volume, Molar, Mass) in the
Table Control group box. The radio buttons provide the
option of standard fractionation cuts or user defined cuts:
• Straight Run - lists crude column cuts: Off gas, LSR Naphtha,
Naphtha, Kerosene, Light Diesel, Heavy Diesel, Atmos Gas
Oil Distributions
Oil and Residue.
• Cycle Oil - lists Cat Cracker cycle oils: Off Gas, LC Naphtha,
HC Naphtha, LCGO, ICGO, HCGO, Residue 1 and Residue 2.
• Vacuum Oil - lists vacuum column cuts: Off Gas, LVGO,
HVGO and 5 VAC Residue ranges.
• User Custom - allows for the definition of customized
temperature ranges. If changes are made to the information in
any of the standard fractionation cuts, the radio button will
automatically switch to User Custom.

 4VSTIVX]4PSX8EF
,=7=7GERTPSXZEVMSYWTVSTIVXMIWZIVWYWPMUYMHZSPYQIQSPISVQEWW
TIVGIRXHMWXMPPIH8LI\E\MWGLSMGIMWQEHIJVSQXLIBasisHVSTHS[R
PMWX%R]SJXLIJSPPS[MRKSTXMSRWQE]FITPSXXIHSRXLI]E\MWF]
QEOMRKEWIPIGXMSRJVSQXLIPropertyHVSTHS[RPMWX

• Boiling Point - a table appears in which you can select which

boiling point curves to examine. Activate the check box of each
curve you want displayed. The options include: TBP, D86,
D86Corr, D1160 and D1160 Atm.
• Molecular Weight
• Density
• Viscosities at 100 and 210°F (or the input temperature).
• Critical Temperature
• Critical Pressure
• Acentric Factor
• Any User Properties, identified by name (e.g., Sulfur).

4VIWWXLICreate a New PlotFYXXSRXSWXSVIXLIGYVVIRXTPSX,=7=7

EYXSQEXMGEPP]REQIWXLITPSX[MXLXLIJSPPS[MRKJSVQEX’the name of
Refer to the Section 3.7.7 - Plot the active blend’-’number of plots created’*SVMRWXERGIXLIJMVWXTPSX
Summary Tab section for GVIEXIHJSV&PIRH[SYPHFIREQIH&PIRHERHER]WYFWIUYIRX
information concerning the TPSXW[SYPHLEZIXLIRYQFIVEJXIVXLIHEWLMRGVIQIRXEPP]MRGVIEWIH
Plot Summary tab.
%PPWXSVIHTPSXWEVIPMWXIHSRXLIPlot Summary XEF

3-158
 Oil Manager 3-159

%RI\EQTPISJE8&4GYVZISREPMUYMHZSPYQIFEWMWJSVERSMPMWWLS[R

Figure 3.52

 (MWXVMFYXMSR4PSX8EF
,=7=7GEREPWSTPSXEHMWXVMFYXMSRFEVGLEVXWS]SYGERWXYH]LS[]SYV
EWWE][SYPHFIVSYKLP]HMWXVMFYXIHMREJVEGXMSREXMSRGSPYQRStraight
Run, Cycle Oil, Vacuum OilERHUser Custom8&4GYXTSMRXWEVI
EZEMPEFPIHMWXVMFYXMSRSTXMSRWEWWLS[RF]XLIVEHMSFYXXSRWMRXLICut
Input InformationKVSYTFS\=SYGERGLSSWIXLI&EWMWJSVXLI'YX
(MWXVMFYXMSR*VEGXMSRW0MUYMH:SPYQI1SPEV1EWWMRXLIPlot Control
KVSYTFS\

Figure 3.53

3-159
3-160 Pseudo Component Generation

4VIWWXLICreate a New PlotFYXXSRXSWXSVIXLIGYVVIRXTPSX,=7=7

EYXSQEXMGEPP]REQIWXLITPSX[MXLXLIJSPPS[MRKJSVQEX‘the name of
the active blend'-'number of plots created'

*SVMRWXERGIXLIJMVWXTPSXGVIEXIHJSV&PIRH[SYPHFIREQIH&PIRH
ERHER]WYFWIUYIRXTPSXW[SYPHLEZIXLIRYQFIVEJXIVXLIHEWL
MRGVIQIRXEPP]MRGVIEWIH%PPWXSVIHTPSXWEVIPMWXIHSRXLIPlot
SummaryXEF

Figure 3.54

-JGLERKIWEVIQEHIXSXLIREQIWSVIRHXIQTIVEXYVIWMRER]SJXLI
WXERHEVHJVEGXMSREXMSRGYXWXLIVEHMSFYXXSR[MPPEYXSQEXMGEPP]W[MXGL
XS9WIV'YWXSQ

%RI\EQTPIHMWXVMFYXMSRTPSXMWWLS[RMRFigure 3.54

 'SQTSWMXI4PSX8EF
8LIComposite PlotXEFEPPS[W]SYXSZMWYEPP]GLIGOXLIQEXGLFIX[IIR
XLIMRTYXEWWE]HEXEERHXLIGEPGYPEXIHTVSTIVX]GYVZIW8LIGLSMGIJSV
XLIKVETLMGEPGSQTEVMWSRMWQEHIJVSQXLIPropertyHVSTHS[RPMWX

• TBP or ASTM Distillation Curves

• Molecular Weight Curves
• Mass Density Curves
• Viscosity Curves
• Any User Property Curves

4VIWWXLICreate a New PlotFYXXSRXSWXSVIXLIGYVVIRXTPSX,=7=7

EYXSQEXMGEPP]REQIWXLITPSX[MXLXLIJSPPS[MRKJSVQEXkthe name of
the active blendkknumber of plots createdk

3-160
 Oil Manager 3-161

*SVMRWXERGIXLIJMVWXTPSXGVIEXIHJSV&PIRH[SYPHFIREQIH
&PIRHERHER]WYFWIUYIRXTPSXW[SYPHLEZIXLIRYQFIVEJXIVXLI
HEWLMRGVIQIRXEPP]MRGVIEWIH%PPWXSVIHTPSXWEVIPMWXIHSRXLIPlot
SummaryXEF

%RI\EQTPIQSPIGYPEV[IMKLXGYVZIGSQTEVMWSRMWWLS[RMRFigure
3.558LIGEPGYPEXIHQSPIGYPEV[IMKLXPMIWEFSZIXLIMRTYXGYVZI
MRWXIEHSJSZIVPE]MRKMXFIGEYWIXLIGEPGYPEXIHGYVZILEWFIIRWLMJXIH
XSQEXGLERMRTYXFYPO1;

Figure 3.55

 4PSX7YQQEV]8EF
3RXLMWXEF]SYGERZMI[XLIPMWXSJWXSVIHTPSXWJSVXLIGYVVIRXFPIRH
EGGIWWER]SJXLITPSXWSVVIQSZITPSXWJVSQXLIPMWX8LIPMWXMWWLS[RMR
XLI Created PlotsKVSYTFS\

Figure 3.56

There is no confirmation
message when you press the
Remove button.

%GGIWWETPSXF]HSYFPIGPMGOMRKSRMXWREQISVF]SFNIGXMRWTIGXMRKMXW
REQIERHWIPIGXMRKViewJVSQXLIQIRY

3-161
3-162 User Property

4VIWWXLIRemoveFYXXSRXSVIQSZIEWIPIGXIHTPSXJVSQXLIPMWX3RP]
SRITPSXGERFIVIQSZIHJVSQXLIPMWXEXEXMQI

 2SXIW8EF
,=7=7TVSZMHIWEXEF[LIVI]SYGERIRXIVEHIWGVMTXMSRSJXLI&PIRHJSV
]SYVS[RJYXYVIVIJIVIRGI

 9WIV4VSTIVX]
%9WIV4VSTIVX]MWER]TVSTIVX][LMGLGERFIHIJMRIHERHWYFWIUYIRXP]
GEPGYPEXIHSRXLIFEWMWSJGSQTSWMXMSRW)\EQTPIWJSVSMPWMRGPYHI
632ERH7YPJYVGSRXIRX(YVMRKXLIGLEVEGXIVM^EXMSRTVSGIWWEPP
TWIYHSGSQTSRIRXW[MPPFIEWWMKRIHERETTVSTVMEXITVSTIVX]ZEPYI
,=7=7[MPPXLIRFIEFPIXSGEPGYPEXIXLIZEPYISJXLITVSTIVX]JSVER]
*PS[WLIIXWXVIEQ8LMWIREFPIW9WIV4VSTIVXMIWXSFIYWIHEW'SPYQR
Refer to Section 3.6.5 - User WTIGMJMGEXMSRW
Curves Tab for an explanation
of attaching User Properties to
existing Assays, and Section 3RGI9WIV4VSTIVXMIWLEZIFIIRMRWXEPPIH]SYGERXLIRWYTTP]EWWE]
3.2 - Quick Start 2 - Sulfur MRJSVQEXMSREWJSV:MWGSWMX](IRWMX]SV1SPIGYPEV;IMKLX'YVZIW
Curve for an example of using
a Sulfur Curve.

 9WIV4VSTIVX]8EF
8LIUser Property XEFSJXLIOil CharacterizationTVSTIVX]ZMI[MW
WLS[RFIPS[

Figure 3.57

3-162
 Oil Manager 3-163

8LIAvailable User PropertiesEVIPMWXIHMRXLIPIJXTSVXMSRSJXLIZMI[

8LIJSPPS[MRK9WIV4VSTIVX]QERMTYPEXMSRFYXXSRWEVIEZEMPEFPI
As described in the Oil
Characterization View
section, the Clear All button is Button Description
used to delete all Oil View Edit the currently highlighted User Property.
Characterization
Information, the Calculate All Create a new User Property (see the following section, User
Add
button re-calculates all Assay Property View).
and Blend information and Erase the currently highlighted User Property. HYSYS will not
the Boil Ranges button allows Delete prompt for confirmation when deleting a User Property, so be
you to change the calculation careful when you are using this command.
of the IBP and FBP and the Create a new User Property with the same properties as the
default D86 curve type. currently highlighted User Property. HYSYS will immediately
Clone
open a new User Property view (see the following section,
User Property View).

2SXIXLEXJSVELMKLPMKLXIH9WIV4VSTIVX]]SYGERIHMXXLIREQIERH
TVSZMHIEHIWGVMTXMSR

 9WIV4VSTIVX]:MI[
;LIR]SYJMVWXSTIRXLMWZMI[XLINameJMIPH[MPPLEZIJSGYW8LIREQI
SJXLI9WIV4VSTIVX]QYWXFIGLEVEGXIVWSVPIWW

Figure 3.58

3-163
3-164 User Property

)UYEXMSR4EVEQIXIVW
8LIJSPPS[MRKSTXMSRWEVIEZEMPEFPI

Note that the choice of Mixing Option Description

Basis applies only to the basis
that will be used for You have the following options: Mole Fraction, Mass Fraction,
calculating the property in a Liquid Volume Fraction, Mole Flow, Mass Flow, and Liquid
stream. You will supply the Flow. Note that all calculations are performed using
property curve information on compositions in HYSYS internal units. If you have specified a
Mixing
the same basis as the Boiling flow basis (molar, mass or liquid volume flow), HYSYS will use
Basis
Point Curve for your assay. the composition as calculated in internal units for that basis.
For example, a User Property with a Mixing Basis specified as
molar flow will always be calculated using compositions in
kgmole/s, regardless of what the current default units are.
Select from one of three mixing rules, where f1 and f2 are
specified:

∑ ( x ( i )P ( i )
f1 f1
Refer to Chapter 5 - User ( P mix ) = f2 )
Properties for more detail on i=1
the Mixing Rules.
Mixing Rule N

∑ ( x ( i) ln ( P ( i) )
f1 f1
ln ( P mix ) = f2 )
i=1
N
f 2 P( i )
Index = ∑ x ( i ) ( f 1P ( i ) + 10 )
i=1

Mixing The mixing parameters f1 and f2 are 1.00 by default. You may
Parameters supply any value for these parameters.
Once you have calculated a
Blend which includes an Assay
with your User Property
information, the value of the 'SQTSRIRX9WIV4VSTIVX]:EPYIW
User Property for each pseudo
component will be displayed -J]SY[MWL]SYQE]TVSZMHIE4VSTIVX]ZEPYIJSVEPPSJXLI0MKLX)RH
in the Component User GSQTSRIRXW]SYHIJMRIHMRXLI4VSTIVX]4EGOEKI8LMW[MPPFIYWIH
Property Values group.
[LIRGEPGYPEXMRKXLITVSTIVX]ZEPYIJSVIEGLTWIYHSGSQTSRIRX
VIQSZMRKXLEXTSVXMSRSJXLITVSTIVX]GYVZIEXXVMFYXEFPIXSXLI0MKLX
)RHWGSQTSRIRXW

3RXLMWZMI[]SYHSRSXTVSZMHITVSTIVX]GYVZIMRJSVQEXMSR8LI
TYVTSWISJXLMWZMI[MWXSMRWXVYGX,=7=7LS[XLI9WIV4VSTIVX]WLSYPH
FIGEPGYPEXIHMREPP*PS[WLIIXWXVIEQW;LIRIZIVXLIZEPYISJE9WIV
4VSTIVX]MWVIUYIWXIHJSVEWXVIEQ,=7=7[MPPYWIXLIGSQTSWMXMSRMR

3-164
 Oil Manager 3-165

XLIWTIGMJMIHFEWMWERHGEPGYPEXIXLITVSTIVX]ZEPYIYWMRK]SYVQM\MRK
VYPIERHTEVEQIXIVW

2SXIW8EF
,=7=7TVSZMHIWEXEF[LIVI]SYGERIRXIVEHIWGVMTXMSRSJXLI9WIV
4VSTIVXMIWJSV]SYVS[RJYXYVIVIJIVIRGI

 'SVVIPEXMSRWERH
-RWXEPPEXMSR

 'SVVIPEXMSR8EF
,=7=7EPPS[W]SYXSGLSSWIJVSQE[MHIZEVMIX]SJGSVVIPEXMSRWXS
HIXIVQMRIXLITVSTIVXMIWSJXLIKIRIVEXIHTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXW*VSQ
XLICorrelationXEFSJXLIOil CharacterizationZMI[]SYGERGVIEXI
GYWXSQM^IH'SVVIPEXMSR7IXW

Figure 3.59

As described in the Oil

Characterization View section,
the Clear All button is used to
delete all Oil Characterization
Information, the Calculate All 8LI%ZEMPEFPI'SVVIPEXMSR7IXWEVIPMWXIHMRXLIPIJXTSVXMSRSJXLIZMI[
button re-calculates all Assay 8LIJSPPS[MRK'SVVIPEXMSRQERMTYPEXMSRFYXXSRWEVIEZEMPEFPI
and Blend information and
the Boil Ranges button allows
you to change the calculation Buttons Description
of the IBP and FBP and the
default D86 curve type. View Edit the currently highlighted Correlation Set.

Create a new Correlation Set (see the following section,

Add
Correlation Set View).

3-165
3-166 Correlations and Installation

Buttons Description

Erase the currently highlighted Correlation Set. HYSYS will not

Delete prompt for confirmation when deleting a Correlation Set, so be
careful when you are using this command.

Create a new Correlation Set with the same properties as the

Clone currently highlighted Correlation Set. HYSYS will immediately
open a new Correlation Set view (see Correlation Set View).

2SXIXLEXJSVELMKLPMKLXIH'SVVIPEXMSR7IX]SYGERIHMXXLIREQIERH
TVSZMHIEHIWGVMTXMSR

 'SVVIPEXMSR7IX:MI[
;LIR]SYGVIEXISVIHMXE'SVVIPEXMSR7IX]SY[MPPWIIXLIJSPPS[MRK
ZMI[

Figure 3.60

1. The Working Curves are

calculated from the Assay
data, incorporating the
Molecular Weight and Specific
Gravity correlations.
2. The Pseudo components are
generated based on your cut
option selections.
3. Finally, the pseudo
component properties are ;LIR]SYJMVWXSTIRXLMWZMI[XLINameJMIPH[MPPLEZIJSGYW8LIREQI
generated: SJXLI'SVVIPEXMSR7IXQYWXFIGLEVEGXIVWSVPIWW
• The NBP, molecular
weight, density and
viscosity are determined
from the Working curves. 'SVVIPEXMSRWERH6ERKI'SRXVSP
• The remaining
properties are calculated,
incorporating the critical 'LERKIWXSXLI1SPIGYPEV;IMKLXSV7TIGMJMG+VEZMX]GSVVIPEXMSRWEVI
temperature, critical ETTPMIHXSXLIGYVZI%WWE][LMPIXLIGVMXMGEPXIQTIVEXYVIGVMXMGEP
pressure, acentric factor
and heat capacity TVIWWYVIEGIRXVMGJEGXSVERHLIEXGETEGMX]GSVVIPEXMSRWETTP]XSXLI
correlations. &PIRHkWTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXTVSTIVXMIW2SXIXLEXGLERKIWXSXLI%WWE]

3-166
 Oil Manager 3-167

GSVVIPEXMSRWLEZIRSIJJIGX[LIR]SYLEZIWYTTPMIHETVSTIVX]GYVZI
IK1SPIGYPEV;IMKLXXLI]SRP]ETTP]MRXLIWMXYEXMSR[LIVI,=7=7
MWIWXMQEXMRKXLITVSTIVXMIW

8SGLERKIEGSVVIPEXMSRTSWMXMSRXLIGYVWSVMRXLIETTVSTVMEXIGSPYQR
ERHWIPIGXERI[GSVVIPEXMSRJVSQXLIHVSTHS[RPMWXMRXLI)HMX&EV
=SYGERRSXGLERKIXLIGSVVIPEXMSRWSVVERKIJSVXLI(IJEYPX
'SVVIPEXMSR7IX-J]SY[ERXXSWTIGMJ]HMJJIVIRXGSVVIPEXMSRWSV
XIQTIVEXYVIVERKIW]SYQYWXGVIEXIERI['SVVIPEXMSR7IX

8LIXEFPIFIPS[WLS[WXLI,=7=7HIJEYPXWERHEZEMPEFPISTXMSRWJSV
XLIWITVSTIVXMIW

Default
Property Optional Correlations
Correlation
Pc Lee-Kesler Rowe Cavett
Standing Riazi-Daubert
Lyderson Edmister
Penn State Bergman
Mathur Aspen
Twu
Tc Lee-Kesler Rowe Cavett
Standing Riazi-Daubert
Nokay Edmister
Penn State Bergman
Mathur Aspen
Spencer-Daubert Roess
Chen-Hu Eaton-Porter
Meissner-Redding Twu
SG Katz-Firoozabadi Bergman Bergman-PNA
Yarborough Hariu-Sage
Lee-Kesler
MW Twu Lee-Kesler Riazi-Daubert
Aspen Bergman
Penn State Katz-Nokay
Katz-Firoozabadi Modified Kesler-
Hariu-Sage Lee

API Aspen least-

squares
Robinson-Peng
Twu
Whitson

3-167
3-168 Correlations and Installation

Default
Property Optional Correlations
Correlation
Ideal Enthalpy Lee-Kesler Cavett Fallon-Watson
Modified Lee-
Kesler
Acentric Factor Lee-Kesler Edmister Bergman
Robinson Peng

2SXI8LI6ME^M(EYFIVXGSVVIPEXMSRLEWFIIRQSHMJMIHF]
;LMXWSR8LI7XERHMRKGSVVIPEXMSRLEWFIIRQSHMJMIHF]
1EXLI[W6SPERH/EX^8LIHIJEYPXGSVVIPEXMSRWEVIX]TMGEPP]
XLIFIWXJSVRSVQEPL]HVSGEVFSRW]WXIQW%RYTTIVPMQMXSJ
š*š'MWWYKKIWXIHJSVXLILIEZMIWXGSQTSRIRX
%PXLSYKLXLIIUYEXMSRWLEZIFIIRQSHMJMIHXSI\XIRHFI]SRH
XLMWVERKIWSQIGEYXMSRWLSYPHFII\IVGMWIH[LIRYWMRKXLIQ
JSVZIV]LIEZ]W]WXIQW,MKLP]EVSQEXMGW]WXIQWQE]WLS[
FIXXIVVIWYPXW[MXLXLI%WTIRGSVVIPEXMSRW(IXEMPIHHMWGYWWMSRW
MRGPYHMRKXLIVERKISJETTPMGEFMPMX]JSVXLIGSVVIPEXMSRWMWJSYRH
MRAppendix B- - Petroleum Methods/Correlations

=SYLEZIXLIGLSMGISJGLERKMRKETVSTIVX]GSVVIPEXMSRSZIVXLIIRXMVI
VERKISVQEOMRKEGIVXEMRGSVVIPEXMSRZEPMHJSVETEVXMGYPEVFSMPMRK
TSMRXVERKISRP]8SWTPMXGSVVIPEXMSRWSZIVWIZIVEPFSMPMRKVERKIWTVIWW
XLIAdd New Range FYXXSR8LMWWLSYPHFVMRKYTXLIJSPPS[MRKZMI[

Figure 3.61

)RXIVXLIXIQTIVEXYVI[LIVI]SY[ERXXSQEOIXLIWTPMXMRXSXLINew
TempGIPPMRXLMWGEWIš'ERHWIPIGXXLISplit RangeFYXXSR8LI
XIQTIVEXYVI[MPPFITPEGIHMRXLIDelete Temp PMWXERHXLI'SVVIPEXMSR
XEFPI[MPPFIWTPMX

Figure 3.62

3-168
 Oil Manager 3-169

=SYGERRS[WTIGMJ]GSVVIPEXMSRWMRXLIWIX[SVERKIW-J]SY[MWL]SY
QE]EHHQSVIWTPMXWSV]SYGEREPWSHIPIXIEWTPMXQIVKIVERKIF]
When you merge a range, you
will delete the correlations for WIPIGXMRKXLIRemove RangeFYXXSR8LMWWLSYPHFVMRKYTEZMI[WMQMPEV
the range whose Low End XSFigure 3.63,MKLPMKLXMRKXLIETTVSTVMEXIXIQTIVEXYVIMRXLI
Temperature is equal to the 8IQTIVEXYVI6ERKIPMWXERHWIPIGXMRKXLIMerge RangeFYXXSR;LIR
range temperature you are
merging.
]SYQIVKIEVERKIER]GSVVIPEXMSRW]SYGLSWIJSVXLEXVERKI[MPPFI
JSVKSXXIR

Figure 3.63


%R]GLERKIWXSXLIGSVVIPEXMSRWJSVER-RTYX%WWE][MPPVIWYPXMR
JMVWXXLIEWWE]FIMRKVIGEPGYPEXIHJSPPS[IHF]ER]FPIRH[LMGL
YWIWXLEXEWWE]*SVERI\MWXMRKSMPMX[MPPFIEYXSQEXMGEPP]
VIGEPGYPEXIHVIGYXYWMRKXLIRI[GSVVIPEXMSRWERHXLIRI[
GSQTSRIRXW[MPPFIMRWXEPPIHMRXLI*PS[WLIIX

%WWE]ERH&PIRH%WWSGMEXMSR
8LIHMJJIVIRXGSQTSRIRXWSJXLI%WWE]ERH&PIRH%WWSGMEXMSRKVSYTEVI
HIWGVMFIHFIPS[

Object Description
If you check this, all new Assays and Blends that are
New Assays/Blends
created will use this Correlation Set.
Available Assays/ These radio buttons toggle between Assay or Blend
Available Blends information.
This table lists all Assays or Blends with their
associated Correlation Sets, depending on which
radio button is selected. You can check the Use this
Assay/Blend Table Set checkbox to associate the current Correlation
Set with that Assay or Blend. Note that you can also
select the Correlation Set for a specific Assay on the
Correlation tab of that Assay view.

3-169
3-170 Correlations and Installation

 2SXIW8EF
,=7=7TVSZMHIWEXEF[LIVI]SYGERIRXIVEHIWGVMTXMSRSJXLI
'SVVIPEXMSRWJSV]SYVS[RJYXYVIVIJIVIRGI

 -RWXEPP3MP8EF
8LIInstall OilXEFSJXLIOil Characterization TVSTIVX]ZMI[MWWLS[R
FIPS[

Figure 3.64

=SYQE]MRWXEPPEGEPGYPEXIH&PIRHMRXS]SYV,=7=7GEWIMX[MPPETTIEV
If you wish to install the
MRXLI3MP2EQIGSPYQRSJXLIXEFPI7MQTP]TVSZMHIE7XVIEQREQIJSV
pseudo components into a XLEX&PIRHERHIRWYVIXLEXXLI-RWXEPPFS\MWGLIGOIH=SYQE]YWIER
non-Associated Fluid I\MWXMRKWXVIEQREQISVGVIEXIERI[SRI-J]SYHSRSXTVSZMHIEREQI
Package, Add the Oil Hypo SV]SYHIEGXMZEXIXLI-RWXEPPFS\IWXLITWIYHSGSQTSRIRXW[MPPRSX
Group from the Components
tab of that Fluid Package FIEXXEGLIHXSXLI*PYMH4EGOEKI
view.
)EGLMRWXEPPIH3MP[MPPETTIEVMRXLIGSQTSRIRXPMWXEWEWIVMIWSJ
TWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWREQIH2&4?A 2&4?A [MXLXLI
VITVIWIRXMRKXLIJMVWXSMPMRWXEPPIHXLIWIGSRHIXGERH XLIEZIVEKI
FSMPMRKTSMRXSJXLIMRHMZMHYEP3MPGSQTSRIRXW,=7=7[MPPEPWSEWWMKR
XLI0MKLX)RHWGSQTSWMXMSRMJTVIWIRXMRXSXLI*PS[WLIIXWXVIEQ

;LIRE&PIRHMWMRWXEPPIHMREWXVIEQXLIVIPEXMZIJPS[VEXISJIEGL
GSRWXMXYIRX%WWE]LEWFIIRHIJMRIH[MXLMRXLI3MP'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSRERH
GERRSXFIGLERKIH,S[IZIVMJ]SYMRWXEPPIEGLSJXLIGSRWXMXYIRX
%WWE]WVITVIWIRXIHF]&PIRHW[MXLEWMRKPI%WWE]MRXSXLIMVS[R
*PS[WLIIXWXVIEQZEVMSYWGSQFMREXMSRWGERFII\EQMRIHYWMRK
MIXERSVMOLE BALANCESTIVEXMSRW8LIJPS[ERHGSQTSWMXMSRJSV

3-170
 Oil Manager 3-171

IEGLGSRWXMXYIRXSMP[MPPFIXVERWJIVVIHXS]SYVHIWMKREXIH*PS[WLIIX
WXVIEQW8LIJPS[VEXISJER]WTIGMJMIH3MPWXVIEQEWSTTSWIHXSXLI
GSRWXMXYIRXWSJE&PIRHGERFIGLERKIHEXER]XMQIF]VIWTIGMJ]MRK
XLIWXVIEQVEXIMRXLI*PS[WLIIXWIGXMSR

For Blends that contain more Figure 3.65

than one Assay - each
individual Assay is
automatically displayed in the
Oil Install Information table.

Oil Install Information for a Blend with two Assays

 6IJIVIRGIW

*MKYVI%'LETXIV%4-8IGLRMGEP(EXE&SSO*SYVXL)HMXMSR



4VSGIHYVI%'LETXIV%4-8IGLRMGEP(EXE&SSO*MJXL)HMXMSR



(EYFIVX8)l4IXVSPIYQ*VEGXMSR(MWXMPPEXMSR-RXIVGSRZIVWMSRWz
Hydrocarbon Processing7ITXIQFIVT


)HQMWXIV;'ERH3OEQSXS//l%TTPMIH,]HVSGEVFSR
8LIVQSH]REQMGW4EVX)UYMPMFVMYQ*PEWL:ETSVM^EXMSR
'SVVIPEXMSRWJSV4IXVSPIYQ*VEGXMSRWzPetroleum Refiner%YKYWX
T

3-171
3-172 References

3-172
 Reaction Manager 4-1

4 Reaction Manager

4.1 Quick Start .................................................................................................... 3

4.2 Reaction Component Selection .................................................................. 7

4.2.1 Components from the Fluid Package....................................................... 8
4.2.2 Selections within the Reaction Manager .................................................. 9
4.2.3 Library Reaction Components................................................................ 10

4.3 Reactions .................................................................................................... 11

4.3.1 Manipulating Reactions.......................................................................... 12
4.3.2 Conversion Reaction.............................................................................. 12
4.3.3 Equilibrium Reaction .............................................................................. 16
4.3.4 Kinetic Reaction ..................................................................................... 20
4.3.5 Heterogeneous Catalytic Reaction......................................................... 26
4.3.6 Simple Rate Reaction ............................................................................ 32

4.4 Reaction Sets.............................................................................................. 35

4.4.1 Manipulating Reaction Sets ................................................................... 35
4.4.2 The Reaction Set View........................................................................... 36
4.4.3 Exporting/Importing a Reaction Set ....................................................... 41
4.4.4 Adding a Reaction Set to a Fluid Package............................................. 42
4.4.5 Reactions in The Build Environment ...................................................... 43

4-1
4-2

4-2
 Reaction Manager 4-3

6IEGXMSRW[MXLMR,=7=7EVIHIJMRIHMRWMHIXLIReaction Manager8LI
Reaction Manager[LMGLMWPSGEXIHSRXLIReactions XEFSJXLI
Simulation Basis ManagerTVSZMHIWEPSGEXMSRJVSQ[LMGL]SYGER
HIJMRIERYRPMQMXIHRYQFIVSJ6IEGXMSRWERHEXXEGLGSQFMREXMSRWSJ
XLIWI6IEGXMSRWMR6IEGXMSR7IXW8LI6IEGXMSR7IXWEVIXLIREXXEGLIH
XS9RMX3TIVEXMSRWMRXLI*PS[WLIIX

8LIReaction ManagerMWEZIVWEXMPIXMQIWEZMRKJIEXYVIXLEXEPPS[W
]SYXSHSXLIJSPPS[MRK

• Create a new list of components for the Reactions or simply

use the fluid package components.
• Add, Edit, Copy or Delete Reactions and Reaction Sets.
• Attach Reactions to various Reaction Sets or attach Reaction
Sets to multiple Fluid Packages, thus eliminating repetitive
procedures.
• Import and Export Reaction Sets.

Figure 4.1

 5YMGO7XEVX
8LIJSPPS[MRKTVSGIHYVIHIQSRWXVEXIWXLIQMRMQYQWXITWVIUYMVIH
JSV

• The addition of components to the Reaction Manager.

• The creation of a reaction.
• The addition of the reaction to a reaction set.
• The attachment of the reaction set to a fluid package.

4-3
4-4 Quick Start

*SVXLMWI\EQTPIMXMWEWWYQIHXLEXE2I['EWILEWFIIRGVIEXIHERHE
Refer to Section 1.4 - Fluid *PYMH4EGOEKILEWFIIRMRWXEPPIH%PWS[MXLMRXLI*PYMH4EGOEKIXLI
Package Property View for
details on installing a Fluid Peng RobinsonTVSTIVX]TEGOEKILEWFIIRWIPIGXIHERHXLIJSPPS[MRK
Package. WIXSJGSQTSRIRXWLEZIFIIRGLSWIRH2O, CO, CO2, H2O2 ERHCH4

 3RXLIReactionsXEFSJXLISimulation Basis ManagerTVIWWXLI

Add CompsFYXXSR
 8LIReaction Component SelectionZMI[[MPPETTIEV-RXLIAdd
CompsKVSYTIRWYVIXLEXXLIFPkg PoolVEHMSFYXXSRMWWIPIGXIH
8LMW[MPPQEOISRP]XLI*PYMH4EGOEKIGSQTSRIRXWEZEMPEFPIXSXLI
Reaction Manager
 ,MKLPMKLXXLI*PYMH4EGOEKIMRXLIAvailable Fluid PkgsKVSYT

Figure 4.2

 4VIWWXLIAdd This Group of ComponentsFYXXSRXSXVERWJIVXLI

JPYMHTEGOEKIGSQTSRIRXWMRXSXLISelected Reaction
ComponentsKVSYT
 4VIWWXLICloseFYXXSRXSVIXYVRXSXLIReactionsXEF8LIWIPIGXIH
GSQTSRIRXWEVITVIWIRXMRXLIRxn ComponentsKVSYT
 8SMRWXEPPEVIEGXMSRTVIWWXLI Add RxnFYXXSR
 *VSQXLIReactionsZMI[LMKLPMKLXXLIConversionVIEGXMSRX]TI
ERHTVIWWXLIAddReactionFYXXSR8LITVSTIVX]ZMI[JSVXLI
6IEGXMSRMWSTIRIH
 3RXLIStoichiometryXEFWIPIGXXLIJMVWXVS[SJXLIComponent
GSPYQRMRStoichiometry InfoQEXVM\7IPIGX1IXLERIJVSQXLI
HVSTHS[RPMWXMRXLI)HMX&EV8LIMole WeightGSPYQRWLSYPH
EYXSQEXMGEPP]TVSZMHIXLIQSPEV[IMKLXSJQIXLERI-RXLIStoich
CoeffJMIPHIRXIV-3MIQSPIWSJQIXLERI[MPPFIGSRWYQIH

4-4
 Reaction Manager 4-5

 2S[HIJMRIXLIVIWXSJXLIStoichiometryXEFEWWLS[RMRFigure
Refer to Section 4.3 - 4.3ERHGPMGOXLIBalanceFYXXSR+SXS BasisXEFERHWIX1IXLERI
Reactions for information
EWXLIBase ComponentERHConversionXS8LIWXEXYWFEVEX
concerning reaction types and
the addition of reactions. XLIFSXXSQSJXLITVSTIVX]ZMI[WLSYPHRS[WLS[XLIReady
QIWWEKI'PSWIXLITVSTIVX]ZMI[

Figure 4.3

 &]HIJEYPXXLIGlobal Rxn SetMWTVIWIRX[MXLMRXLIReaction Sets

Refer to Section 4.4 - Reaction KVSYT[LIR]SYJMVWXHMWTPE]XLIReaction Manager,S[IZIVJSV
Sets for details concerning XLMWTVSGIHYVIERI[Reaction Set[MPPFIGVIEXIH4VIWWXLIAdd
Reactions Sets. SetFYXXSR,=7=7TVSZMHIWXLIREQISet-1ERHSTIRWXLI
Reaction SetTVSTIVX]ZMI[
 8SEXXEGLXLIRI[P]GVIEXIH6IEGXMSRXSXLIReaction SetTPEGIXLI
GYVWSVMRXLI<empty>GIPPYRHIVActive List

4-5
4-6 Quick Start

 3TIRXLIHVSTHS[RPMWXMRXLI)HMX&EVERHWIPIGXXLIREQISJXLI
6IEGXMSR8LISet Type[MPPGSVVIWTSRHXSXLIX]TISJ6IEGXMSR
[LMGL]SYLEZIEHHIHXSXLI6IEGXMSR7IX8LIWXEXYWQIWWEKI[MPP
RS[HMWTPE]Ready

Figure 4.4

 4VIWWXLICloseFYXXSRXSVIXYVRXSXLIReaction Manager

 8SEXXEGLXLIVIEGXMSRWIXXSXLI*PYMH4EGOEKILMKLPMKLXSet-1MR
XLIReaction SetsKVSYTERHTVIWWXLIAdd to FPFYXXSR;LIRE
6IEGXMSR7IXMWEXXEGLIHXSE*PYMH4EGOEKIMXFIGSQIWEZEMPEFPIXS
YRMXSTIVEXMSRW[MXLMRXLI*PS[WLIIXYWMRKXLEXTEVXMGYPEV*PYMH
4EGOEKI
 8LIAdd ’Set-1’ZMI[ETTIEVWJVSQ[LMGL]SYLMKLPMKLXE*PYMH
4EGOEKIERHTVIWWXLI Add Set to Fluid PackageFYXXSR

Figure 4.5

 4VIWWXLICloseFYXXSR2SXMGIXLEXXLIREQISJXLI*PYMH4EGOEKI
ETTIEVWMRXLIAssoc. Fluid PkgsKVSYT[LIRXLI6IEGXMSR7IXMW
LMKLPMKLXIHMRXLIReaction SetsKVSYT

4-6
 Reaction Manager 4-7

 6IEGXMSR'SQTSRIRX
7IPIGXMSR
3RXLIReactionsXEFSJXLISimulation Basis Manager]SY[MPPJMRH
XLVIIQEMRKVSYTFS\IW

Group Box Description

Rxn Displays all components available to the Reaction
Components Manager and the Add Comps button.
Displays a list of the defined reactions and four buttons
Reactions
available to help define reactions.
Displays the defined reactions sets, the associated fluid
Reaction Sets packages and several buttons that help to define reaction
sets and attach them to fluid packages.

)EGLSJXLIQEMRKVSYTW[MXLMRXLI6IEGXMSR1EREKIV[MPPFII\EQMRIH
MRQSVIHIXEMP-RXLMWWIGXMSRXLIRxn ComponentsKVSYT[MPPFI
HIWGVMFIH8LIJIEXYVIWMRXLI ReactionsKVSYTERHReaction Sets
KVSYT[MPPFIHIXEMPIHMRWYFWIUYIRXWIGXMSRW

8LIVIEVIXLVIIHMWXMRGX[E]WMR[LMGLGSQTSRIRXWGERFIQEHI
EGGIWWMFPIXS6IEGXMSRWMRXLIReaction Manager

• You can select components on the Components tab of the

Fluid Package property view and then attach the whole group
of components to the Reaction Manager.
• You can install components directly in the Reaction Manager
without selecting them in the Fluid Package property view.
When a Reaction Set (containing a Reaction which uses the
new components) is attached to a Fluid Package, the
components which are not present in the Fluid Package will be
automatically transferred.
• You can select an Equilibrium Reaction from the Library tab
of the Equilibrium Reactor property view. All components
used in the reaction are automatically installed in the Reaction
Manager. Once the Reaction Set (containing the Library
reaction) is attached to a Fluid Package, the components will
be automatically transferred to the Fluid Package.

4-7
4-8 Reaction Component Selection

 'SQTSRIRXWJVSQXLI*PYMH
4EGOEKI
Refer to Section 4.4 - Reaction ;MXLXLMWQIXLSHSJGSQTSRIRXWIPIGXMSRE*PYMH4EGOEKIMWMRWXEPPIH
Sets for details on installing a ZMEXLIFluid PkgsXEFSJXLI Simulation Basis Manager%JXIVXLI
Fluid Package.
WIPIGXMSRSJETVSTIVX]TEGOEKIGSQTSRIRXWEVIWIPIGXIHJVSQXLI
ComponentsXEFSJXLIFluid Package TVSTIVX]ZMI[

*VSQXLIReaction ManagerZMI[EGGIWWXLIReaction Component

SelectionZMI[F]TVIWWMRKXLIAdd CompsFYXXSRMRXLIRxn
ComponentsKVSYT

Figure 4.6

Pseudo components created

via the Oil Manager can be
used in Reactions. They will be
listed as Associated *VSQXLMWZMI[]SYGERQEOIXLIGSQTSRIRXWJVSQXLI*PYMH4EGOEKI
Components if they are EZEMPEFPIXSXLIReaction Manager8SEGGIWWXLIKVSYTWSJ
installed in a Fluid Package.
See Chapter 3 - Oil Manager
GSQTSRIRXWXLEXLEZIFIIRMRWXEPPIHMRXLIMRHMZMHYEPJPYMHTEGOEKIW
for details on pseudo WMQTP]WIPIGXXLIFPkg PoolVEHMSFYXXSRMRXLI Add CompsKVSYT8LI
components. FPkg PoolVEHMSFYXXSRMWXLIHIJEYPXWIPIGXMSRJSVXLMWZMI[%PP
MRWXEPPIH*PYMH4EGOEKIW[MPPFIPMWXIHMRXLIAvailable Fluid PkgsKVSYT
;LIR]SYLMKLPMKLXXLIREQISJE*PYMH4EGOEKIMXWEXXEGLIH
GSQTSRIRXW[MPPFIWLS[RMRXLIAssociated ComponentsKVSYT
The components listed in the
Selected Reaction 4VIWWMRKXLIAdd This Group of Components FYXXSR[MPPXVERWJIVXLIPMWX
Components group are SJGSQTSRIRXWJSVXLILMKLPMKLXIHJPYMHTEGOEKIMRXSXLISelected
available to any Reaction that
you create.
Reaction ComponentsKVSYT=SYGERXLIRVIQSZIER]GSQTSRIRXW
F]LMKLPMKLXMRKXLIREQIWERHTVIWWMRKXLIRemove CompsFYXXSR

4-8
 Reaction Manager 4-9

 7IPIGXMSRW[MXLMRXLI
6IEGXMSR1EREKIV
'SQTSRIRXWGERFIQEHIEZEMPEFPITVMSVXSXLIGVIEXMSRSJ6IEGXMSRW
At least one Fluid Package F]HMVIGXP]WIPIGXMRKXLIQ[MXLMRXLIReaction Manager&]GLSSWMRK
must exist before components XLIGSQTSRIRXW[MXLMRXLIReaction Manager]SYEVIRSXVIUYMVIHXS
can be transferred from the XVERWJIVGSQTSRIRXMRJSVQEXMSRJVSQXLI*PYMH4EGOEKI3RGIE
Reaction Manager.
6IEGXMSR7IXMWEXXEGLIHXSE*PYMH4EGOEKI,=7=7EYXSQEXMGEPP]
XVERWJIVWEPPXLIGSQTSRIRXWGSRXEMRIH[MXLMRXLI6IEGXMSRWXSXLI
*PYMH4EGOEKI

8LIJSPPS[MRKTVSGIHYVI[MPPHIQSRWXVEXIXLIWXITWVIUYMVIH[LIR
FIKMRRMRK[MXLE2I['EWI

 'VIEXIE2I['EWIF]TVIWWMRKXLINew CaseFYXXSR
New Case Button  3RXLIFluid PkgsXEFSJXLISimulation Basis ManagerTVIWWXLI
AddFYXXSR%RI[*PYMH4EGOEKI[MPPFIGVIEXIHERHMXWTVSTIVX]
ZMI[[MPPFISTIRIH
 4VIWWXLICloseFYXXSRXSGPSWIXLIFluid Package TVSTIVX]ZMI[
 1SZIXSXLIReactionsXEFSJXLISimulation Basis Manager
 4VIWWXLIAdd CompsFYXXSRMRXLIRxn ComponentsKVSYT8LI
Reaction Component SelectionZMI[[MPPFIHMWTPE]IH

Figure 4.7

 9WIXLIVEHMSFYXXSRWMRXLIAdd CompsKVSYTXSLIPTMRXLI
Refer to Section 1.4.2 - WIPIGXMSRSJIMXLIV0MFVEV]SV,]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXW8LI
Components Tab for details TVSGIHYVIJSVWIPIGXMRKGSQTSRIRXWMWWMQMPEVXSXLIWIPIGXMSRSJ
on the selection of GSQTSRIRXWJSVXLI*PYMH4EGOEKI
components.
 6IXYVRXSXLIReaction ManagerXSGVIEXIXLI6IEGXMSRWERH
MRWXEPPXLI6IEGXMSRW[MXLMRE6IEGXMSR7IX 7IISection 4.3 -
ReactionsERHSection 4.4 - Reaction SetsJSVHIXEMPW

4-9
4-10 Reaction Component Selection

 %XXEGLXLI6IEGXMSR7IXXSXLI*PYMH4EGOEKIGVIEXIHMR7XIT7II
Section 4.4.4 - Adding a Reaction Set to a Fluid PackageJSVHIXEMPW
 %PPGSQTSRIRXWYWIHMRXLI6IEGXMSRWXLEXEVIGSRXEMRIH[MXLMR
XLI6IEGXMSR7IXEVIRS[TVIWIRXMRXLI*PYMH4EGOEKI

 0MFVEV]6IEGXMSR
'SQTSRIRXW
;LIRE0MFVEV])UYMPMFVMYQ6IEGXMSRMWWIPIGXIHEPPSJMXWGSRWXMXYIRX
GSQTSRIRXWEVIEYXSQEXMGEPP]EHHIHXSXLIReaction Manager=SY
GERXLIRYWIXLIGSQTSRIRXWMRXLIRxn ComponentsKVSYTSJXLI
Reaction Manager XSHIJMRISXLIVVIEGXMSRW0MFVEV]VIEGXMSRWGERFI
MRWXEPPIHTVMSVXSXLIEHHMXMSRSJGSQTSRIRXWXSXLIGEWI=SYEVIRSX
VIUYMVIHXSEHHGSQTSRIRXWZMEXLIFluid PackageTVSTIVX]ZMI[SVXLI
ReactionComponent SelectionZMI[

8SEHHE0MFVEV]VIEGXMSRHSXLIJSPPS[MRK

 *VSQXLIReaction ManagerTVIWWXLI Add RxnFYXXSRMRXLI

ReactionsKVSYT
 ,MKLPMKLXEquilibriumJVSQXLIReactionsZMI[

Figure 4.8

 4VIWWXLIAdd ReactionFYXXSR
 1SZIXSXLILibraryXEFSJXLIEquilibrium ReactionTVSTIVX]
ZMI[
 7IPIGXEVIEGXMSRJVSQXLILibrary Equilibrium RxnsKVSYT

4-10
 Reaction Manager 4-11

 4VIWWXLIAdd Library RxnFYXXSR%PPPMFVEV]MRJSVQEXMSR

GSRGIVRMRKXLIVIEGXMSRMWXVERWJIVVIHXSXLIZEVMSYWXEFWSJXLI
Equilibrium ReactionTVSTIVX]ZMI[8LIGSQTSRIRXWYWIHF]XLI
VIEGXMSREVIRS[WLS[RMRXLIRxn ComponentsKVSYTSJXLI
Reaction Manager

 6IEGXMSRW
-R,=7=7EHIJEYPXVIEGXMSRWIXXLIGlobal Rxn SetMWTVIWIRXMRIZIV]
Refer to Section 4.4 - Reaction WMQYPEXMSR%PPGSQTEXMFPIVIEGXMSRWXLEXEVIEHHIHXSXLIGEWIEVI
Sets for information on EYXSQEXMGEPP]MRGPYHIHMRXLMWWIX%6IEGXMSRGERFIEXXEGLIHXSE
Reaction Sets. HMJJIVIRXWIXFYXMXEPWSVIQEMRWMRXLI+PSFEP6\R7IXYRPIWW]SY
VIQSZIMX8SGVIEXIE6IEGXMSRTVIWWXLIAdd RxnFYXXSRJVSQXLI
Reaction Manager

8LIVIEVIJMZIX]TIWSJ6IEGXMSRWXLEXGERFIQSHIPPIHMR,=7=7

Reaction Type Requirements

Requires the stoichiometry of all the reactions and the
Conversion
conversion of a base component in the reaction.
Requires the stoichiometry of all the reactions. The term
Ln(K) may be calculated using one of several different
Equilibrium methods, as explained later. The reaction order for each
component is determined from the stoichiometric
coefficients.
Requires the stoichiometry of all the reactions, as well as
the Activation Energy and Frequency Factor in the
Kinetic Arrhenius equation for forward and reverse (optional)
reactions. The forward and reverse orders of reaction for
each component can be specified.
Requires the kinetics terms of the Kinetic reaction as well
Heterogeneous
as the Activation Energy, Frequency Factor and
Catalytic
Component Exponent terms of the Adsorption kinetics.
Requires the stoichiometry of all the reactions, as well as
the Activation Energy and Frequency Factor in the
Simple Rate Arrhenius equation for the forward reaction. The
Equilibrium Expression constants are required for the
reverse reaction.

)EGLSJXLIVIEGXMSRX]TIWVIUYMVIWXLEX]SYWYTTP]XLIWXSMGLMSQIXV]
8SEWWMWX[MXLXLMWXEWOXLIBalance ErrorXVEGOWXLIQSPIGYPEV[IMKLX
ERHWYTTPMIHWXSMGLMSQIXV]-JXLIVIEGXMSRIUYEXMSRMWFEPERGIHXLMW
IVVSV[MPPIUYEP^IVS-J]SYLEZITVSZMHIHEPPSJXLIWXSMGLMSQIXVMG
GSIJJMGMIRXWI\GITXSRI]SYQE]WIPIGXXLIBalanceFYXXSRXSLEZI
,=7=7HIXIVQMRIXLIQMWWMRKWXSMGLMSQIXVMGGSIJJMGMIRX

6IEGXMSRWGERFISRETLEWIWTIGMJMGFEWMW8LI6IEGXMSR[MPPFIETTPMIH

4-11
4-12 Reactions

SRP]XSXLIGSQTSRIRXWTVIWIRXMRXLEXTLEWI8LMWEPPS[WHMJJIVIRXVEXI
IUYEXMSRWJSVXLIZETSYVERHPMUYMHTLEWIMRWEQIVIEGXSVSTIVEXMSR

 1ERMTYPEXMRK6IEGXMSRW
*VSQXLIReaction Manager]SYGERYWIXLIJSYVFYXXSRWMRXLI
When you object inspect a Reactions KVSYTXSQERMTYPEXIXLIVIEGXMSRW
reaction in the Reactions
group, you can select View or
Button Command
Delete from the menu.
View Rxn Accesses the property view of the highlighted reaction.
Accesses the Reactions view, from which you select a
Add Rxn
Reaction type.
Removes the highlighted reaction(s) from the Reaction
Delete Rxn
Manager.
Copy Rxn Duplicates the highlighted reaction(s).

 'SRZIVWMSR6IEGXMSR
8LI'SRZIVWMSR6IEGXMSRVIUYMVIWXLI7XSMGLMSQIXVMG'SIJJMGMIRXWJSV
By default, conversion IEGLGSQTSRIRXERHXLIWTIGMJMIH'SRZIVWMSRSJEFEWIVIEGXERX8LI
reactions are calculated GSQTSWMXMSRWSJYRORS[RWXVIEQWGERFIGEPGYPEXIH[LIRXLI
simultaneously. However you 'SRZIVWMSRMWORS[R
can specify sequential
reactions using the Ranking
feature. See Section 4.4 - 'SRWMHIVXLIJSPPS[MRK'SRZIVWMSRVIEGXMSR
Reaction Sets. b c d
A + --- B → --- C + --- D
a a a

where: a, b, c and d are the respective stoichiometric coefficients of

the reactants (A and B) and products (C and D).

A is the base reactant and B is a not in a limiting quantity

-RKIRIVEPXLIVIEGXMSRGSQTSRIRXWSFI]XLIJSPPS[MRKVIEGXMSR
WXSMGLMSQIXV]

where: N* = The final moles of component * (*= A, B, C and D)

N*o = The initial moles of component *

When you have supplied all of XA = The conversion of the base component A
the required information for
the Conversion Reaction, the
8LIQSPIWSJEVIEGXERXEZEMPEFPIJSVGSRZIVWMSRMREKMZIRVIEGXMSR
status message will change
from Not Ready to Ready. MRGPYHIER]EQSYRXTVSHYGIHF]SXLIVVIEGXMSRWEW[IPPEWXLI

4-12
 Reaction Manager 4-13

N A = NA ( 1 – X A )
o

b
N B = N B – --- N X
o a Ao A
c 
N C = NC + --- ( N A XA )
o a o

d
ND = ND + --- ( N A X A )
o a o

EQSYRXSJXLEXGSQTSRIRXMRXLIMRPIXWXVIEQW%RI\GITXMSRXSXLMW
SGGYVW[LIRXLIVIEGXMSRWEVIWTIGMJMIHEWWIUYIRXMEP

7XSMGLMSQIXV]8EF

Figure 4.9

*SVIEGL'SRZIVWMSRVIEGXMSR]SYQYWXWYTTP]XLIJSPPS[MRK
MRJSVQEXMSR

Input Field Information Required

A default name is provided which may be changed. In
Reaction Name
the view shown here, the name is Rxn-1.

4-13
4-14 Reactions

Input Field Information Required

The components to be reacted. A minimum of two
components are required. You must specify a minimum
of one reactant and one product for each reaction you
Components
include. Use the Edit Bar to access the available
components. The Molecular Weight of each component
is automatically displayed.
Necessary for every component in the reaction. The
Stoichiometric Coefficient is negative for a reactant and
The Reaction Heat value is positive for a product. You may specify the coefficient
calculated and displayed Stoichiometric
for an inert component as 0, which, for the Conversion
below the Balance Error. A Coefficient reaction, is the same as not including the component in
positive value indicates that the table. The Stoichiometric Coefficient need not be an
the reaction is endothermic. integer; fractional coefficients are acceptable.

&EWMW8EF
3RXLIBasisXEF]SYQYWXWYTTP]XLIJSPPS[MRKMRJSVQEXMSR

Required Input Description

Only a component that is consumed in the reaction (a
reactant) may be specified as the Base Component (i.e. a
reaction product or an inert component is not a valid
choice). You can use the same component as the Base
Base
Component for a number of reactions, and it is quite
Component
acceptable for the Base Component of one reaction to be
a product of another reaction. Note that you have to add
the Components to the reaction before the Base
Component can be specified.
The percentage of the Base Component consumed in this
reaction. The specified Conversion must be in the range
Sequential Reactions may be of 0 to 1, corresponding to a percentage range of 0 to
modelled in one reactor by Conversion 100%. The actual conversion of any reaction is limited to
specifying the sequential order the lesser of the specified conversion of the base
of solution. See Reaction component or complete consumption of a limiting
Rank, in Section 4.4 - reactant.
Reaction Sets. The phase for which the specified conversions apply.
Different kinetics for different phases can be modelled in
the same reactor. Possible choices for the Reaction
Phase, available in the Edit Bar drop down list, are
Overall, Vapour Phase, Liquid Phase, Aqueous Phase
and Combined Liquid:
Reaction Phase • Overall - Reaction occurs in all Phases.
• Vapour Phase - Reaction occurs only in the Vapour Phase.
• Liquid Phase - Reaction occurs only in the Light Liquid
Phase.
• Aqueous Phase - Reaction occurs only in the Heavy Liquid
Phase.
• Combined Liquid - Reaction occurs in all Liquid Phases.

4-14
 Reaction Manager 4-15

2SXIXLEXVIEGXMSRWSJIUYEPVEROMRKGERRSXI\GIIHERSZIVEPP
XSXEPWTIGMJMIHGSRZIVWMSRSJ

4-15
4-16 Reactions

 )UYMPMFVMYQ6IEGXMSR
8LI)UYMPMFVMYQ6IEGXMSR[MPPGSQTYXIXLIGSRZIVWMSRJSVER]RYQFIV
SJWMQYPXERISYWSVWIUYIRXMEPVIEGXMSRW[MXLXLIVIEGXMSRIUYMPMFVMYQ
TEVEQIXIVWERHWXSMGLMSQIXVMGGSRWXERXW]SYTVSZMHI

8LI)UYMPMFVMYQGSRWXERXGERFII\TVIWWIHEWJSPPS[W

Nc
vj
K = ∏ ( [ BASE ] e )
j

j=1

where: K = Equilibrium constant

Note that this equation is only
valid when BASE (i.e. [BASE]ej = Basis for component j at equilibrium
concentration) is at
equilibrium composition.
vj = Stoichiometric coefficient for the jth component

Nc = Number of components

8LIIUYMPMFVMYQGSRWXERXln(K)QE]FIGSRWMHIVIHJM\IHSVGEPGYPEXIH
EWEJYRGXMSRSJXIQTIVEXYVI

B 
ln K = A + --- + C ln ( T ) + DT
T

%PXIVREXMZIP]]SYQE]WYTTP]XEFYPEVHEXEIUYMPMFVMYQGSRWXERXZIVWYW
When you have supplied all of
the required information for XIQTIVEXYVIERH,=7=7[MPPEYXSQEXMGEPP]GEPGYPEXIXLIIUYMPMFVMYQ
the Equilibrium Reaction, the TEVEQIXIVWJSV]SYLn(K)QE]EPWSFIHIXIVQMRIHJVSQXLI+MFFW*VII
status message will change )RIVK]
from Not Ready to Ready.

4-16
 Reaction Manager 4-17

7XSMGLMSQIXV]8EF

Figure 4.10

*SVIEGLVIEGXMSR]SYQYWXWYTTP]XLIJSPPS[MRKMRJSVQEXMSR

Input Required Description

A default name is provided, which may be changed by
Reaction Name
simply selecting the field and entering a new name.
A minimum of two components is necessary. You must
specify a minimum of one reactant and one product for
Components
each reaction you include. The Molecular Weight of each
component is automatically displayed.
For every component in this reaction. The Stoichiometric
Stoichiometric Coefficient is negative for a reactant and positive for a
product. You may specify the coefficient for an inert
Coefficient
component as 0. The Stoichiometric Coefficient need not
be an integer; fractional coefficients are quite acceptable.

4-17
4-18 Reactions

&EWMW8EF0R/7SYVGI

Figure 4.11

8LIBasisXEFGSRXEMRWX[SKVSYTWXLIBasisERHXLILn(K) Source8LI
&EWMWKVSYTVIUYMVIWXLIJSPPS[MRKMRJSVQEXMSR

Input Required Description

From the drop down list in the Edit Bar, select the Basis
Basis for the reaction. For example, select Partial Pressure or
Activity as the basis.
The possible choices for the Reaction Phase, accessed
Reaction Phase from the drop down list in the Edit Bar, are Vapour Phase
and Liquid Phase.
This input applies only to situations where more than one
equilibrium reaction will be used in a vessel. The
temperature approach allows you to adjust the equilibrium
constant of the reaction by offsetting the temperature at
Approach which it is calculated. The approach value is an empirical
adjustment which is used to modify the extent of reaction
at equilibrium if the value of the equilibrium constant is not
well established. Positive or negative numbers can be
input.
Minimum Enter the minimum and maximum temperatures for which
Temperature the reaction expressions are valid. If the temperature
and Maximum does not stay within the specified bounds, a warning
Temperature message will alert you.

Enter the appropriate units for the Basis, or make a

Basis Units
selection from the drop down list.

4-18
 Reaction Manager 4-19

&]GLSSWMRKXLIETTVSTVMEXIVEHMSFYXXSR]SYGERWIPIGXSRISJJSYV
STXMSRWEWXLILn(K) SourceJSVXLIIUYMPMFVMYQVIEGXMSR

Option Description Figure

Ln(K), assumed to be a function of temperature only, is
determined from the following equation:
B
Ln(K) ln K = A + --- + C ln ( T ) + DT
T
equation
where A, B, C and D are constants. These constants are
defined on the Ln(K) tab.

Gibbs The equilibrium constant is determined from the Ideal Gas

Free Gibbs Free Energy Coefficients in the HYSYS library.
Energy
In this case, the equilibrium constant K is considered to be fixed,
and is thus independent of temperature. You may specify either
Fixed K
K or Ln(K) on the Ln(K) tab. Check the Log Basis box to
specify the equilibrium constant in the form Ln(K).
On the Table tab, you can provide temperature and equilibrium
constant data. HYSYS will estimate the equilibrium constant
from the pairs of data which you provide and will interpolate
when necessary. For each pair of data that you provide HYSYS
will calculate a constant in the Ln(K) equation. If you provide at
least 4 pairs of data, all four constants A, B, C and D will be
estimated.
The constants may be changed even after they are estimated
from the pairs of data you provide, simply by entering a new
value in the appropriate cell. If you later want to revert to the
K vs. T estimated value, simply delete the number in the appropriate
Table cell, and it will be recalculated.
The term R2 gives an indication of the error or accuracy of the
Ln(K) equation. It is equal to the regression sum of squares
divided by the total sum of squares, and will be equal to one
when the equation fits the data perfectly.
You can also provide the maximum (T Hi) and minimum (T Lo)
temperatures applicable to the Ln(K) relation. The constants are
always calculated based on the temperature range you provide.
If you provide values in the K Table which are outside the
temperature range, they will not affect the calculation of the
constants.

8LILn(K)SourceKVSYTEPWSGSRXEMRWEGLIGOFS\Auto Detect-JXLMW
FS\MWGLIGOIH,=7=7[MPPEYXSQEXMGEPP]GLERKIXLILn(K) Source
HITIRHMRKSRXLI0R/MRJSVQEXMSR]SYTVSZMHI*SVMRWXERGIMJ]SY
IRXIVEJM\IHIUYMPMFVMYQGSRWXERXXLIFixed K VEHMSFYXXSR[MPP
EYXSQEXMGEPP]FIWIPIGXIH-J]SYPEXIVEHHHEXEXSXLITableXEFXLIK
vs. T TableVEHMSFYXXSR[MPPEYXSQEXMGEPP]FIWIPIGXIH

4-19
4-20 Reactions

0MFVEV]8EF
8LILibraryXEFEPPS[W]SYXSEHHTVIHIJMRIHVIEGXMSRWJVSQXLI
,=7=70MFVEV]8LIGSQTSRIRXWJSVXLIWIPIGXIH0MFVEV]VIEGXMSR[MPP
EYXSQEXMGEPP]FIXVERWJIVVIHXSXLIRxn ComponentsKVSYTSJXLI
Reaction Manager

Figure 4.12

;LIR]SYWIPIGXEVIEGXMSREPPHEXEJSVXLIVIEGXMSRMRGPYHMRKXLI
WXSMGLMSQIXV]FEWMWERH0R/TEVEQIXIVW[MPPFIXVERWJIVVIHMRXSXLI
ETTVSTVMEXIPSGEXMSRSRXLI)UYMPMFVMYQ6IEGXMSRTVSTIVX]ZMI[-R
SVHIVXSEGGIWWEPMFVEV]VIEGXMSRLMKLPMKLXMXJVSQXLILibrary
Equilibrium RxnsKVSYTERHTVIWWXLIAdd Library RxnFYXXSR

 /MRIXMG6IEGXMSR
8SHIJMRIE/MRIXMG6IEGXMSRMXMWRIGIWWEV]XSWTIGMJ]XLIJSV[EVH
%VVLIRMYW4EVEQIXIVWXLIVIZIVWIMWSTXMSREPXLIWXSMGLMSQIXVMG
GSIJJMGMIRXWJSVIEGLGSQTSRIRXERHXLIJSV[EVHERHVIZIVWI
VIEGXMSRSVHIVW%RMXIVEXMZIGEPGYPEXMSRSGGYVWXLEXVIUYMVIWXLI7SPZIV
XSQEOIMRMXMEPIWXMQEXIWSJXLISYXPIXGSQTSWMXMSRW;MXLXLIWI
IWXMQEXIWXLIVEXISJVIEGXMSRMWHIXIVQMRIH%QSPIFEPERGIMWXLIR
TIVJSVQIHEWEGLIGOSRXLIVEXISJVIEGXMSR-JGSRZIVKIRGIMWRSX
EXXEMRIHRI[IWXMQEXIWEVIQEHIERHXLIRI\XMXIVEXMSRMWI\IGYXIH

r A = k ⋅ f ( BASIS ) – k’⋅ f ’( BASIS ) 

dNA
F Ao – F A + ∫ r A dV = ----------
V

dt

4-20
 Reaction Manager 4-21

Equation (4.4)VIPEXIWXLIVEXISJVIEGXMSRV [MXLXLIVIEGXMSRVEXI

%
When you have supplied all of GSRWXERXWERHXLIFEWMWIKGSRGIRXVEXMSREquation (4.5)MWEQSPI
the required information for
the Kinetic Reaction, the FEPERGISRXLIYRMXSTIVEXMSRJSVWXIEH]WXEXIWSPYXMSRWXLIVMKLXWMHI
status message will change [SYPHFIIUYEPXS^IVS
from Not Ready to Ready.

7XSMGLMSQIXV]8EF
;LIRXLI/MRIXMG6IEGXMSRMWWIPIGXIHXLIJSPPS[MRKZMI[MWHMWTPE]IH

Figure 4.13

*SVIEGLVIEGXMSR]SYQYWXWYTTP]XLIJSPPS[MRKMRJSVQEXMSR

Input Required Description

A default name is provided, which may be changed at any
Reaction Name
time.
You must specify a minimum of one reactant and one
product for each reaction you include. Access the
Components available components in the Edit Bar drop down list. The
Molecular Weight of each Component is automatically
displayed.
Necessary for every component in the reaction. The
Stoichiometric Coefficient is negative for a reactant and
positive for a product. The Stoichiometric Coefficient need
not be an integer; fractional coefficients are acceptable.
You may specify the coefficient for an inert component as
0, which in most cases is the same as not including the
Stoichiometric
component in the list. However, you must include
Coefficient components that have an overall stoichiometric coefficient
of zero and a non-zero order of reaction (i.e. a component
that might play the role of a catalyst). The Kinetic
Reaction, which allows you to specify the Stoichiometric
Coefficient and the order of reaction, makes it possible to
correctly model this situation.

4-21
4-22 Reactions

Input Required Description

These are reaction orders. HYSYS initially fixes the
orders of reaction according to the corresponding
stoichiometric coefficient. These may be modified by
directly entering the new value into the appropriate cell.
For instance, in the following reaction:
Forward and CO + Cl2 gCOCl2
Reverse Orders the kinetic rate law is
rCO = k[CO][Cl2]3/2
When the stoichiometric coefficients are entered for the
reaction, HYSYS sets the forward orders of reaction for
CO and Cl2 at 1. Simply enter 1.5 into the Forward Order
cell for Cl2 to correctly model the reaction order.

8LIVQSH]REQMG'SRWMWXIRG]
'VYGMEPXSXLIWTIGMJMGEXMSRSJXLIVIZIVWIVIEGXMSRIUYEXMSRMW
QEMRXEMRMRKthermodynamic consistencyWSXLEXXLIIUYMPMFVMYQVEXI
I\TVIWWMSRVIXEMRWXLIJSVQSJEquation (4.2)*EMPYVIXSHSWSQE]
TVSHYGIIVVSRISYWVIWYPXWJVSQ,=7=7

'SRWMHIVXLITVIZMSYWP]QIRXMSRIHVIEGXMSR

CO + Cl 2 ↔ COCl 2

[MXLXLIJSV[EVHOMRIXMGWJSPPS[MRKXLIVIPEXMSRWLMT

3⁄2
rate forward = k f [ CO ] [ Cl2 ] 

2S[WYTTSWI]SY[MWLXSEHHXLIVIZIVWIOMRIXMGVIEGXMSR7MRGIXLI
JSV[EVHVIEGXMSRMWEPVIEH]ORS[RXLISVHIVSJXLIVIZIVWIVIEGXMSR[MPP
LEZIXSFIHIVMZIHMRSVHIVXSQEMRXEMRXLIVQSH]REQMGGSRWMWXIRG]
7YTTSWIEKIRIVMGOMRIXMGVIPEXMSRWLMTMWGLSWIR

α β γ
rate backward = k r [ CO ] [ Cl2 ] [ COCl2 ] 

where: α, β and γ represent unknown values of the order of the three

components.

)UYMPMFVMYQMWHIJMRIHEWXLIQSQIRX[LIR

rateforward - ratebackward = 0

4-22
 Reaction Manager 4-23

8LIIUYMPMFVMYQGSRWXERXKMWXLIRIUYEPXS

α β γ
kf [ CO ] [ Cl2 ] [ COCl 2 ]
K = ---- = ---------------------------------------------------------
- 
kr 3⁄2
[ CO ] [ Cl ] 2

-RSVHIVXSQEMRXEMRXLIJSVQSJXLIIUYMPMFVMYQIUYEXMSRWIIRMR
Equation (4.2)KMWEPWSIUYEPXS

[ COCl 2 ]
K = --------------------------- 
[ CO ] [ Cl2 ]

2S[GSQFMRMRKXLIX[SVIEPXMSRWLMTWJSVKJSYRHMREquation (4.8)ERH
Equation (4.9)

α β γ
[ CO ] [ Cl 2 ] [ COCl 2 ] [ COCl2 ]
- = ---------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------- 
3⁄2
[ CO ] [ Cl2 ] [ CO ] [ Cl2 ]

8SQEMRXEMRthermodynamic consisitencyαQYWXFIβQYWXFI
ERHγQYWXFIIUYEPXS

4-23
4-24 Reactions

&EWMW8EF

Figure 4.14

3RXLIBasisXEFXLIJSPPS[MRKTEVEQIXIVWQE]FIWTIGMJMIH

Input Required Description

View the drop down list in the Edit Bar to select the Basis
for the reaction. If, for instance, the rate equation is a
Basis
function of the partial pressures, select Partial Pressure
as the Basis.
Only a component that is consumed in the reaction (a
reactant) may be specified as the Base Component (i.e. a
reaction product or an inert component is not a valid
Base
choice). You can use the same component as the Base
Component Component for a number of reactions, and it is quite
acceptable for the Base Component of one reaction to be
a product of another reaction.
The phase for which the kinetic rate equations apply.
Different kinetic rate equations for different phases can be
modelled in the same reactor. Possible choices for the
Reaction Phase
Reaction Phase, available in the Edit Bar drop down list,
are: Overall, Vapour Phase, Liquid Phase, Aqueous
Phase and Combined Liquid.

Minimum Enter the minimum and maximum temperatures for which

the forward and reverse reaction Arrhenius equations are
Temperature
valid. If the temperature does not remain within these
and Maximum
bounds, a warning message will alert you during the
Temperature simulation.
Enter the appropriate units for the Basis, or make a
Basis Units
selection from the drop down list.
Enter the appropriate units for the rate of reaction, or
Rate Units
make a selection from the drop down list.

4-24
 Reaction Manager 4-25

4EVEQIXIVW8EF
3RXLIParametersXEF]SYQE]WTIGMJ]XLIJSV[EVHERHVIZIVWI
TEVEQIXIVWJSVXLI%VVLIRMYWIUYEXMSRW8LIWITEVEQIXIVWEVIYWIHMR
XLIGEPGYPEXMSRSJXLIJSV[EVHERHVIZIVWIVIEGXMSRGSRWXERXW

Figure 4.15

8LIVIEGXMSRVEXIGSRWXERXWEVIEJYRGXMSRSJXIQTIVEXYVI

 E 
k = A ⋅ exp  – -------  
 RT 

 E′ 
k’ = A’ ⋅ exp  – -------  
 RT 

where: k = forward reaction rate constant

k’ = reverse reaction rate constant

A and E are the Arrhenius
Parameters for the forward A = forward reaction Frequency Factor
reaction. A’ and E’ are the
Arrhenius Parameters for the A’ = reverse reaction Frequency Factor
reverse reaction.
E = forward reaction Activation Energy

E’ = reverse reaction Activation Energy

Note that information for the
reverse reaction is not R = Ideal Gas Constant (value and units dependent on the
required. units chosen for Molar Enthalpy and Temperature)

T = Absolute Temperature
-J%VVLIRMYWGSIJJMGMIRX%MWIUYEPXS^IVSXLIVIMWRSVIEGXMSR-J
%VVLIRMYWGSIJJMGMIRX)MWIUYEPXS^IVSXLIVEXIGSRWXERXMW
GSRWMHIVIHXSFIJM\IHEXEZEPYISJ%JSVEPPXIQTIVEXYVIW

4-25
4-26 Reactions

 ,IXIVSKIRISYW'EXEP]XMG
6IEGXMSR
,=7=7TVSZMHIWELIXIVSKIRISYWGEXEP]XMGVIEGXMSROMRIXMGWQSHIPXS
HIWGVMFIXLIVEXISJGEXEP]XMGVIEGXMSRWMRZSPZMRKWSPMHGEXEP]WX8LIVEXI
IUYEXMSRMWI\TVIWWIHMRXLIKIRIVEPJSVQEGGSVHMRKXS=ERKERH
,SYKIR

( kinetic term ) ( potential term )

– r = ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
( adsorption term )

7MRGIXLIWIX]TIWSJVIEGXMSRWMRZSPZIWYVJEGIVIEGXMSRXSKIXLIV[MXL
EHWSVTXMSRERHHIWSVTXMSRSJVIEGXERXWERHTVSHYGXWXLIVIWYPXMRK
VEXII\TVIWWMSR[MPPFIWXVSRKP]QIGLERMWQHITIRHIRX

'SRWMHIVXLIJSPPS[MRKXLIWMQTPIVIEGXMSR

aA + bB → cP

(ITIRHMRKSRXLIVIEGXMSRQIGLERMWQMXWVIEGXMSRVEXII\TVIWWMSR
MKRSVMRKVIZIVWIVEXISJVIEGXMSRGSYPHFI

Langmuir-Hinshelwood k + K A K B CA C B
r = ------------------------------------------------------------------------2- 
Model ( 1 + K A CA + K B CB + KP C P )

k+ KB CA CB
Eley-Rideal Model r = ------------------------------------------------- 
( 1 + KB CB + KP CP )

kCA
Mars-van Krevelen Model r = ---------------------------------------------------------
- 
1 + ( a ⁄ b ) ( k ⁄ k∗ )CA C B
–n

where: K* = the adsorption rate constant for component *

k+ = the forward reaction rate constant

k = reaction rate constant for oxidation of hydrocarbon

k* = reaction rate constant for surface reoxidation

4-26
 Reaction Manager 4-27

,=7=7LEWTVSZMHIHEKIRIVEPJSVQEWJSPPS[WXSEPPS[YWIVXSFYMPHMR
XLIJSVQSJVEXII\TVIWWMSRXLI][MWLXSYWI

Reactants Products
αi βj
kf ∏ Ci – kr ∏ Cj
i=1 j=1
r = -------------------------------------------------------------------
n
- 
 M  M 
  γ kg 
 1 + ∑  K k ∏ C g 
  
 k = 1 g=1 

where: kf and krare the Rate Constants of the forward and reverse
kinetic rate expressions.

K is the absorption rate constant

M is number of absorbed reactants and products plus

absorbed inert species.

8LIVEXIGSRWXERXWkf, krERHKkEVIEPPMR%VVLIRMYWJSVQ=SYEVI
VIUYMVIHXSTVSZIHXLI%VVLIRMYWTEVEQIXIVWTVII\TSRIRXMEPJEGXSV%
ERHEGXMZEXMSRIRIVK])JSVIEGLSJXLIWIGSRWXERXW

4PIEWIRSXIXLEX]SYQE]LEZIXSKVSYTGSRWXERXWJSVI\EQTPIMR
Equation (4.14)kf = k+ KAKB=SYQYWXXEOIGEVIMRMRTYXXMRKXLI
GSVVIGXZEPYIWSJXLI%VVLIRMYWIUYEXMSR%PWSRSXIXLEXRSHIJEYPX
ZEPYIWEVIKMZIRJSVXLIWIGSRWXERXW

8LIHeterogeneous'EXEP]XMG6IEGXMSRSTXMSRGERFIYWIHMRFSXL
CSTRERHPFRVIEGXSVYRMXSTIVEXMSRW%X]TMGEP6IEGXMSR7IXQE]
MRGPYHIQYPXMTPIMRWXERGIWSJXLI,IXIVSKIRISYW'EXEP]XMG6IEGXMSR

4-27
4-28 Reactions

7XSMGLMSQIXV]8EF

Figure 4.16

;LIRXLIHeterogeneous Catalytic6IEGXMSRMWWIPIGXIHXLIZMI[EW
WLS[RMRFigure 4.16MWHMWTPE]IH*SVIEGLVIEGXMSR]SYQYWXWYTTP]
XLIJSPPS[MRKMRJSVQEXMSR

Input Required Description

Reaction Name A default name is provided, which may be changed.
You must specify a minimum of one reactant and one
product for each reaction you include. Open the drop down
Components list in the Edit Bar to access all of the available
components. The Molecular Weight of each component is
automatically displayed.
Necessary for every component in this reaction. The
Stoichiometric Coefficient is negative for a reactant and
positive for a product. The Stoichiometric Coefficient need
Stoichiometric
not be an integer; fractional coefficients are acceptable.
Coefficient You may specify the coefficient for an inert component as
0, which in this case is the same as not including the
component in the list.

4-28
 Reaction Manager 4-29

&EWMW8EF

Figure 4.17

3RXLIBasisXEFXLIJSPPS[MRKTEVEQIXIVWQE]FIWTIGMJMIH

Input Required Description

Open the drop down list in the Edit Bar to select the Basis
Basis for the reaction. For example, select Partial Pressure or
Molar Concentration as the basis.
Only a component that is consumed in the reaction (a
reactant) may be specified as the Base Component (i.e. a
reaction product or an inert component is not a valid
Base
choice). You can use the same component as the Base
Component Component for a number of reactions, and it is acceptable
for the Base Component of one reaction to be a product of
another reaction.
The phase for which the kinetics apply. Different kinetics
for different phases can be modelled in the same reactor.
Reaction Phase Possible choices for the Reaction Phase, available in the
Edit Bar drop down list, are Overall, Vapour Phase, Liquid
Phase, Aqueous Phase and Combined Liquid.
Minimum Enter the minimum and maximum temperatures for which
Temperature the forward and reverse reaction Arrhenius equations are
and Maximum valid. If the temperature does not remain in these bounds,
Temperature a warning message will alert you during the simulation.

Enter the appropriate units for the Basis, or make a

Basis Units
selection from the drop down list.
Enter the appropriate units for the rate of reaction, or
Rate Units
make a selection from the drop down list.

4-29
4-30 Reactions

2YQIVEXSV8EF

Figure 4.18

8LINumeratorXEFMWWTIGMJMIHMRQYGLXLIWEQI[E]EW]SY[SYPH
For more information on WTIGMJ]EX]TMGEP,=7=7Kinetic6IEGXMSR=SYQYWXWYTTP]XLIJSV[EVH
Kinetic reaction specifications ERHVIZIVWITEVEQIXIVWSJXLI%VVLIRMYWIUYEXMSR8LIJSV[EVHERH
see Section 4.3.4 - Kinetic VIZIVWIVIEGXMSRVEXIGSRWXERXW[MPPFIGEPGYPEXIHJVSQXLIWIZEPYIW-R
Reaction
EHHMXMSRXSXLIVEXIGSRWXERXW]SYQYWXEPWSWTIGMJ]XLIVIEGXMSRSVHIV
SJXLIZEVMSYWGSQTSRIRXWJSVFSXLXLIJSV[EVHERHVIZIVWIVIEGXMSRW
8LMWMWHSRIF]WIPIGXMRKXLIComponentsJMIPHSJXLI6IEGXMSR3VHIV
GIPPQEXVM\ERHWIPIGXMRKXLIETTVSTVMEXIGSQTSRIRXJVSQXLI)HMX&EV
HVSTHS[RERHIRXIVMRKZEPYIWJSVXLI*SV[EVHERHSV6IZIVWISVHIVW

;LIRWTIGMJ]MRK*SV[EVHERH6IZIVWIVIPEXMSRWLMTWMXMWMQTSVXERXXS
QEMRXEMRthermodynamic consistency*SVQSVIMRJSVQEXMSRSR
XLIVQSH]REQMGGSRWMWXIRG]WIISection 4.3.4 - Kinetic Reaction
Thermodynamic Consistency.

4-30
 Reaction Manager 4-31

(IRSQMREXSV8EF

Figure 4.19

8LIDenominatorXEFGSRXEMRWXLIComponent ExponentsQEXVM\MR
[LMGLIEGLVS[VITVIWIRXWEHIRSQMREXSVXIVQ8LIAERHEGSPYQRW
EVIJSVXLITVII\TSRIRXMEPJEGXSVERHXLIEGXMZEXMSRIRIVK]
VIWTIGXMZIP]JSVXLIEHWSVTXMSRXIVQ/

n
 M  M 
  γ kg 
 1 + ∑  Kk ∏ C g  
  
 k = 1 g=1 

8LIVIQEMRMRKGSPYQRWEVIYWIHXSWTIGMJ]XLII\TSRIRXWSJXLI
EFWSVFIHGSQTSRIRXW-RSVHIVXSEHHEXIVQXSXLIHIRSQMREXSVSJ
XLIOMRIXMGI\TVIWWMSR]SYQYWXEGXMZEXIXLIVS[SJXLIQEXVM\
GSRXEMRMRKXLID<empty>
QIWWEKIERHEHHXLIVIPIZERXIUYEXMSR
TEVEQIXIVZEPYIW%Delete TermFYXXSRMWTVSZMHIHSRXLIVMKLXWMHISJ
XLIZMI[XSHIPIXIXLIWIPIGXIHVS[SVGSVVIWTSRHMRKXIVQMRXLI
QEXVM\8LISZIVEPPI\TSRIRXXIVQnMWHIJEYPXIHEX

4-31
4-32 Reactions

 7MQTPI6EXI6IEGXMSR
When you have supplied all of
8LISimple Rate6IEGXMSRMWEPWSWMQMPEVXSXLIKinetic6IEGXMSRI\GITX
the required information for
the Simple Rate Reaction, the XLEXXLIVIZIVWIVIEGXMSRVEXII\TVIWWMSRMWHIVMZIHJVSQIUYMPMFVMYQ
status message will change HEXE
from Not Ready to Ready.

7XSMGLMSQIXV]8EF

Figure 4.20

;LIRXLISimple Rate 6IEGXMSRMWWIPIGXIHXLIZMI[EWWLS[REFSZIMW

HMWTPE]IH*SVIEGLVIEGXMSRWYTTP]XLIJSPPS[MRKMRJSVQEXMSR

Field Description
Reaction Name A default name is provided, which may be changed.
You must specify a minimum of one reactant and one
product for each reaction you include. Open the drop
Components down list in the Edit Bar to access all of the available
components. The Molecular Weight of each component is
automatically displayed.
Necessary for every component in this reaction. The
Stoichiometric Coefficient is negative for a reactant and
positive for a product. The Stoichiometric Coefficient need
Stoichiometric
not be an integer; fractional coefficients are acceptable.
Coefficient You may specify the coefficient for an inert component as
0, which in this case is the same as not including the
component in the list.

4-32
 Reaction Manager 4-33

&EWMW8EF

Figure 4.21

3RXLIBasisXEFXLIJSPPS[MRKTEVEQIXIVWQE]FIWTIGMJMIH

Parameter Description
Open the drop down list in the Edit Bar to select the Basis
Basis for the reaction. For example, select Partial Pressure or
Molar Concentration as the basis.
Only a component that is consumed in the reaction (a
reactant) may be specified as the Base Component (i.e. a
Base reaction product or an inert component is not a valid
choice). You can use the same component as the Base
Component
Component for a number of reactions, and it is acceptable
for the Base Component of one reaction to be a product of
another reaction.
The phase for which the kinetics apply. Different kinetics
for different phases can be modelled in the same reactor.
Reaction Phase Possible choices for the Reaction Phase, available in the
Edit Bar drop down list, are Overall, Vapour Phase, Liquid
Phase, Aqueous Phase and Combined Liquid.
Minimum Enter the minimum and maximum temperatures for which
Temperature the forward and reverse reaction Arrhenius equations are
and Maximum valid. If the temperature does not remain in these bounds,
Temperature a warning message will alert you during the simulation.

Enter the appropriate units for the Basis, or make a

Basis Units
selection from the drop down list.
Enter the appropriate units for the rate of reaction, or
Rate Units
make a selection from the drop down list.

4-33
4-34 Reactions

4EVEQIXIVW8EF

Figure 4.22

3RXLIParametersXEF]SYQE]WTIGMJ]XLIJSV[EVHVIEGXMSR%VVLIRMYW
TEVEQIXIVW8LIWITEVEQIXIVWEVIVIUYMVIHXSVITVIWIRXXLIVIEGXMSR
VEXIEWEJYRGXMSRSJXIQTIVEXYVI

E
k = A ⋅ exp – ------- 
RT

where: k = forward reaction rate constant

A = forward reaction Frequency Factor

E = forward reaction Activation Energy

R = Ideal Gas Constant

T = Absolute Temperature

-J%VVLIRMYWGSIJJMGMIRX%MWIUYEPXS^IVSXLIVIMWRSVIEGXMSR-J
%VVLIRMYWGSIJJMGMIRX)MWIUYEPXS^IVSXLIVEXIGSRWXERXMW
GSRWMHIVIHXSFIJM\IHEXEZEPYISJ%JSVEPPXIQTIVEXYVIW

8LIVIZIVWIIUYMPMFVMYQGSRWXERXK’MWGSRWMHIVIHXSFIEJYRGXMSRSJ
XIQTIVEXYVISRP]

B′ 
ln K′ = A′ + ----- + C′T + D′ ln T
T

where: A’, B’, C’ and D’ are constants.

=SYQYWXWYTTP]EXPIEWXSRISJXLIJSYVVIZIVWIIUYMPMFVMYQGSRWXERXW

4-34
 Reaction Manager 4-35

 6IEGXMSR7IXW
%PP6IEGXMSR7IXWGVIEXIH[MXLMRXLIReaction ManagerFIGSQI
EZEMPEFPIJSVEXXEGLQIRXXS]SYVVIEGXSVSTIVEXMSRWMRXLI*PS[WLIIX
6IEGXMSR7IXWQE]GSRXEMRQSVIXLERSRI6IEGXMSR8LIVIMWPMQMXIH
JPI\MFMPMX]JSVXLIQM\MRKSJVIEGXMSRX]TIW[MXLMRE6IEGXMSR7IX=SY
GERLEZI)UYMPMFVMYQERH/MRIXMGVIEGXMSRW[MXLMREWMRKPI6IEGXMSR
7IXFYX]SYQYWXLEZIEHMWXMRGX6IEGXMSR7IXJSVGSRZIVWMSRVIEGXMSRW
If only one type of reaction is
used, all reactions will be
,=7=7TVSZMHIWXLIGlobal Rxn Set[LMGLGSRXEMRWEPPGSQTEXMFPI
active in the Global Rxn Set, VIEGXMSRWXLEX]SYLEZIHIJMRIHMRXLIGEWI-J]SYSRP]EHH/MRIXMGERH
thereby eliminating the need )UYMPMFVMYQVIEGXMSRWSVI\GPYWMZIP]'SRZIVWMSRVIEGXMSRWXSXLIGEWI
to explicitly define a new EPPVIEGXMSRW[MPPFIEGXMZI[MXLMRXLIGlobal Rxn Set,S[IZIVMJ]SY
Reaction Set.
EHHERMRGSQTEXMFPIQM\SJVIEGXMSRWMI'SRZIVWMSRERH/MRIXMG
SRP]XLIX]TISJVIEGXMSRWXLEXEVIGSQTEXMFPI[MXLXLIJMVWXMRWXEPPIH
VIEGXMSR[MPPFIEGXMZIMRXLIGlobal Rxn Set

8LIWEQIVIEGXMSRGERFIEGXMZIMRQYPXMTPIVIEGXMSRWIXW%RI[WIXGER
FIEHHIHJVSQXLIReaction ManagerF]WIPIGXMRKXLIAdd SetFYXXSR

 1ERMTYPEXMRK6IEGXMSR7IXW
%PP6IEGXMSRW7IXQERMTYPEXMSRWEVIGSRHYGXIHMRXLIReaction Sets
KVSYTFS\SJXLIReactionsXEFSJXLI&EWMW1EREKIV

Figure 4.23

4-35
4-36 Reaction Sets

8LIJSPPS[MRKFYXXSRWEZEMPEFPIMRXLIReaction SetsKVSYTXS
QERMTYPEXIXLIVIEGXMSRWIXW

Button Description
View Set Displays the property view for the highlighted reaction set.
Adds a reaction set to the list of reaction sets and opens its
Add Set
property view.
When you object inspect a Removes the highlighted reaction set(s) from the Reaction
Reaction Set in the Reaction Delete Set Manager. You must confirm your action to delete a reaction
Sets group, you can select set.
View or Delete from the menu. Copy Set Duplicates the highlighted reaction set(s).
Import Set Opens a reaction set from disk into the current case.
Export Set Saves a reaction set to disk for use in another case.
Accesses the Add ’Reaction Set Name’ view, from which you
attach the highlighted reaction set(s) to a fluid package. This
Add to FP
button is available only when a Reaction Set is highlighted in
the Reaction Sets group.

 8LI6IEGXMSR7IX:MI[
;LIR]SYEHHERI[WIXSVZMI[ERI\MWXMRKSRIXLIReaction SetZMI[
MWHMWTPE]IH

Figure 4.24

4-36
 Reaction Manager 4-37

8LIJSPPS[MRKXEFPIHIWGVMFIWXLIJIEXYVIWGSRXEMRIH[MXLMRXLMWZMI[

View
Description
Feature
A default Reaction Set name is provided, which may be
Name
changed.
HYSYS determines the Set Type from the reaction types in
the Active List. This field cannot be modified. The Reaction
Set Type Set types are Conversion, Kinetic, Equilibrium and Mixed. A
Mixed Set Type corresponds to a Reaction Set containing
both Kinetic and Equilibrium reactions.
When this cell has focus, several Solver Methods are
available from the drop down list in the Edit Bar:
• Default - The Reaction Solver will attempt to calculate the
solution using Newton’s Method. If this is not successful, it will
then use the Rate Iterated and Rate Integrated Methods. For
most cases, it is best to use the Default Solver Method.
• Newton's Method - This method usually converges quickly by
taking the derivative of the function using the current estimates,
Solver
and utilizing these results to obtain new estimates.
Method
• Rate Iterated - This method is a partial Newton’s method, and
assumes that the off-diagonal elements of the Jacobian matrix
are equal to zero. The Rate Iterated Method works well when
there is very little interaction between reactions.
• Rate Integrated - This method integrates the reaction equations
until all time derivatives are zero. The Rate Integrated method is
stable, but slow.
• Auto Selected - Same as Default.
Reactions may be added to the Active List by positioning the
cursor in the Active List column and selecting an existing
Reaction from the drop down list in the Edit Bar. You may also
type the name of an existing reaction directly in the cell that
shows <empty>.
Active List You can open the property view for any reaction in the Active
List by highlighting it and pressing the View Active button.
Alternatively, you may double click on the reaction to view it.
A reaction in the Active List may be transferred to the
Inactive List simply by selecting the reaction and pressing
the Make Inactive button.
Existing reactions may be added to the Inactive List by
positioning the cursor in the Inactive List column and
selecting a Reaction from the Edit Bar drop down list.
You can access the property view for any reaction in the
Inactive List by highlighting it and pressing the View Inactive
Inactive
You cannot have two versions button. You may also double click on the reaction to view it.
List
of the same reaction with A reaction in the Inactive List may be transferred to the
different rate constants in the Active List by selecting the reaction and pressing the Make
Active List. Active button. If this reaction is not independent of other
reactions in the Active List, an error message will be
displayed, and the reaction will remain in the Inactive List.
Operations All operations to which the Reaction Set is attached are listed
Attached in this column.

4-37
4-38 Reaction Sets

%HZERGIH*IEXYVIW
&]TVIWWMRKXLIAdvancedFYXXSR]SYGERZMI[XLI%HZERGIHVIEGXMSR
STXMSRW

Figure 4.25

;MXLMRXLIVolume Continuation ParametersKVSYT]SY[MPPJMRHXLIWI

STXMSRW

Object Description
For most cases, it will not be necessary to select this
option. In situations where convergence is not easily
attained (e.g. - high reaction rates), check the Volume
Continuation box to enable HYSYS to more easily reach a
Volume
solution. For Volume Continuation calculations, HYSYS will
Continuation "ramp" the volume starting from the initial volume fraction
to the final volume fraction in the specified number of
steps. For each successive step, the previous solution will
be used as the initial estimate for the next step.
Initial Volume The default value is 1.0000e-06. This is the Volume
Fraction Fraction at the start of the calculations.
The default value is 10. If the solution does not converge,
Number of Steps
increase this value and re-run the simulation.
Current Parm This field displays the current parameter value.
Value
Current Step This field displays the current step number.
Number
Provides a trace output of the calculations in the Trace
Window. The trace level value corresponds to the level of
Trace Level
detail that you will see in the Trace Window. You are
limited to the values 0, 1, 2 or 3.

4-38
 Reaction Manager 4-39

Object Description
It is necessary to make an initial estimate of the outlet
compositions to obtain the proper solution. Check this box
Prev Solution as if you wish to use the previous solution as the initial
Estimates estimate. This does not apply to the conversion reaction,
since the specified conversion determines the outlet
compositions.
If you calculate a heat flow given a specific temperature,
Use Iso and Adia and then use this heat flow as a spec (deleting the
Temp as Adia temperature specification), HYSYS will use the previously
Est calculated temperature as an estimate for the Adiabatic
calculation.

8LITEVEQIXIVW[MXLMRXLIInitial Estimate Generation Parameters

KVSYTEVIKIRIVEPP]YWIH[MXL6IEGXMSRWXLEXLEZIELMKLHIKVIISJ
MRXIVEGXMSR=SYGEREPWSYWIXLIWITEVEQIXIVWXSKMZIWSQIEWWMWXERGI
MRSFXEMRMRKXLIJMREPWSPYXMSR[LIRXLIVIEGXSVSTIVEXMSRJEMPWXS
GSRZIVKISV[LIR]SYLEZIEPEVKIRYQFIVSJGSQTSRIRXWERH
VIEGXMSRW8LITEVEQIXIVWEVI

Parameter Description
Default is 1.0, indicating that there is no damping. You can
Damping change this value. With a lower the damping factor, HYSYS
Factor uses smaller steps (slower and more stable) in converging
towards the solution.
This is the tolerance set for the Estimate Generation. By default,
Tolerance
this is set to 0.001. You are able to change this value.
Maximum Maximum number of iterations HYSYS will use. There is no
Iterations default value, and so you can set whatever value is desired.

6IEGXMSR6ERO
8LIRankingFYXXSR[MPPFIZMWMFPISRP][LIRXLI6IEGXMSR7IXX]TIMW
'SRZIVWMSR8LMWSTXMSR[MPPEYXSQEXMGEPP]LERHPIQSWXWMXYEXMSRW
In this case the Rank would
[LIVIVIEGXMSRWEVIWIUYIRXMEP
be:
A→B B→C C→D
g
A B 1
g
B C 2
Rxn – 1 Rxn – 2 Rxn – 3
CgD 3
EPPS[MRKXLIXLVIIVIEGXMSRWXSFIQSHIPPIHMREWMRKPIVIEGXSV

,S[IZIVMRWMXYEXMSRW[LIVIXLIVIEVIGSQTIXMRKVIEGXMSRW
A+B→C B+D→E
Rxn – 4 Rxn – 5

=SYGERYWIXLI6EROMRKJEGXSVXSWTIGMJ][LMGLGSRZIVWMSRZEPYI
WLSYPHFIETTPMIHJMVWX*SVI\EQTPIMJRxn-4[EWVEROIHJMVWXXLI

4-39
4-40 Reaction Sets

WTIGMJMIHGSRZIVWMSRJSVRxn-5 [SYPHSRP]FIETTPMIHXSXLIEQSYRXSJ
GSQTSRIRX&VIQEMRMRKEJXIVRxn-4LEHVYRXSMXWWTIGMJMIH
GSRZIVWMSR

Figure 4.26

8SWTIGMJ]XLI6EROMRK]SYQYWXHSWSJVSQXLIReaction Ranks
HMEPSK[LMGLGSRXEMRWXLIJSPPS[MRKJMIPHW

Object Description
Reaction This column shows all of the reactions to be ranked.
Shows the rank for each reaction, which is an integer value. The
minimum value is 0 and the maximum is equal to the number of
Reactions ranked. Thus, when ranking three sequential
reactions, you may rank them 0-1-2 or 1-2-3; both methods give
Rank the same results. You may also set two or more reactions to
have the same Rank; for instance, the ranks for Rxn-1 and Rxn-
2 may be 1, and the rank for Rxn-3 may be 2. You may override
the default values through the input of new values in the
appropriate cells.
User If you specify the Rank, either by input or by selecting the Zero
Specified button, this box will be checked.

,=7=7EWWMKRWHIJEYPXVEROWXSQYPXMTPIGSRZIVWMSRVIEGXMSRW
F]I\EQMRMRKXLIVIEGXERXWERHTVSHYGXW*SVMRWXERGI]SY
QE]LEZIEVIEGXMSRWIXGSRXEMRMRKXLIJSPPS[MRK
 ', , 3g'3, 
  

 ', , 3g'3 ,

   

 ', 3 g'3 , 3

   

,=7=7[MPPRSXMGIXLEXETVSHYGXSJ6IEGXMSR,3MWYWIHEWE
VIEGXERXMRFSXL6IEGXMSRWERH7MRGI,3QE]RSXFI
EZEMPEFPIYRXMP6IEGXMSRLEWSGGYVVIHMXMWEWWMKRIHEVEROSJ
ERHXLISXLIVVIEGXMSRWEVIIEGLKMZIRXLIHIJEYPX6EROSJ
8LIJIIHGSQTSWMXMSRMWRSXXEOIRMRXSEGGSYRXEW6IEGXMSR
6EROWEVIEWWMKRIHTVMSVXSIRXIVMRKXLI&YMPH)RZMVSRQIRX

4-40
 Reaction Manager 4-41

8LIJSYVFYXXSRWEPSRKXLIFSXXSQSJXLIReaction RanksZMI[LEZIXLI
JSPPS[MRKJYRGXMSRW

Button Description
Closes the view without accepting any changes which you may
Cancel
have made.
Reset Resets the Reaction Ranks to the internal default.
Zero Sets all Ranks to 0.
Accept Closes the view, accepting the changes which you have made.

 )\TSVXMRK-QTSVXMRKE
6IEGXMSR7IX
3RGIE6IEGXMSR7IXLEWFIIRGYWXSQM^IH[MXLVIEGXMSRWMXGERFI
I\TSVXIHXSEJMPI8LIWEQI6IEGXMSR7IXGERXLIRFIYWIHMRERSXLIV
WMQYPEXMSRGEWIF]MQTSVXMRKXLIJMPIERHEXXEGLMRKMXXSEJPYMHTEGOEKI

,MKLPMKLXE6IEGXMSR7IXMRXLI Reaction SetsKVSYTSJXLIReaction

Manager ERHTVIWWXLIExport SetFYXXSR

Figure 4.27

'LSSWIEJMPITEXLXLIHIJEYPXMWYWYEPP]WEXMWJEGXSV]ERHEJMPIREQI

[MXLXLII\XIRWMSR .RST7IPIGXXLISaveFYXXSRXSI\TSVXXLIVIEGXMSR
WIXXSEJMPI

8LIImport SetFYXXSREPPS[W]SYXSMRXVSHYGIERI\TSVXIH6IEGXMSR
7IXMRXSEWMQYPEXMSRGEWI

4-41
4-42 Reaction Sets

Figure 4.28

'LSSWIXLI6IEGXMSR7IXJMPI[MXLXLII\XIRWMSRRSTJVSQXLIPMWXERH

WIPIGXXLIOpenFYXXSR-JXLIJMPIMWRSXPMWXIHMRXLI File NameFS\ER
EPXIVREXIFile Path QE]FIRIIHIH

 %HHMRKE6IEGXMSR7IXXSE
*PYMH4EGOEKI
8SQEOIE6IEGXMSR7IXEZEMPEFPIMRWMHIXLI*PS[WLIIX]SYQYWXEXXEGL
MXXSXLI*PYMH4EGOEKI[LMGLMWEWWSGMEXIH[MXLXLI*PS[WLIIX
,MKLPMKLXEVIEGXMSRWIXMRXLIReaction SetsKVSYTSJXLIReaction
ManagerERHTVIWWXLIAdd to FPFYXXSR8LIAdd ’Reaction Set Name’
ZMI[[MPPFIHMWTPE]IHSR[LMGL]SYQYWXLMKLPMKLXEJPYMHTEGOEKIERH
TVIWWXLIAdd Set to Fluid PackageFYXXSR

Figure 4.29

4-42
 Reaction Manager 4-43

 6IEGXMSRWMR8LI&YMPH
)RZMVSRQIRX
;LIR]SYEVIMRWMHIXLI1EMRSV'SPYQR)RZMVSRQIRX]SYGEREGGIWW
Refer to Section 7.4.1 - XLIReaction PackageZMI[[MXLSYXLEZMRKXSVIXYVRXSXLI*PYMH
Reaction Package of the 4EGOEKI9RHIVFlowsheetMRXLI1EMR1IRYWIPIGX Reaction Package
User’s Guide for more details.
;LIRE6IEGXMSR7IXMWEXXEGLIHXSEYRMXSTIVEXMSR]SYGEREGGIWWXLI
Reaction SetZMI[SVXLIZMI[WJSVMXWEWWSGMEXIH6IEGXMSRWHMVIGXP]
Refer to Steady State
Modelling manual for more
JVSQXLITVSTIVX]ZMI[SJXLISTIVEXMSR7SQISJXLIYRMXSTIVEXMSRW
on the individual unit XLEXWYTTSVXVIEGXMSRWMRGPYHIXLI6IEGXSVSTIVEXMSRGSRZIVWMSR
operations IUYMPMFVMYQSVOMRIXMGXLI4*6XLI7ITEVEXSVERHXLI'SPYQR

4-43
4-44 Reaction Sets

4-44
 User Properties 5-1

5 User Properties

5.1 User Property Tab ........................................................................................ 3

5.2 User Property View ...................................................................................... 4

5.2.1 Data Tab................................................................................................... 5
5.2.2 Notes Tab ................................................................................................. 7

5-1
5-2

5-2
 User Properties 5-3

3RXLIUser Property XEFSJXLISimulation Basis Manager]SYGER

GVIEXIERYRPMQMXIHRYQFIVSJYWIVTVSTIVXMIWJSVYWIMRXLI&YMPH
)RZMVSRQIRX%9WIV4VSTIVX]MWER]TVSTIVX][LMGLGERFIHIJMRIH
ERHWYFWIUYIRXP]GEPGYPEXIHSRXLIFEWMWSJGSQTSWMXMSR

*SVIEGL9WIV4VSTIVX]]SYWIPIGXXLIWSYVGI*PYMH4EGOEKI=SYGER
XLIRWYTTP]E9WIV4VSTIVX]ZEPYIJSVIEGLGSQTSRIRXMRXLEX*PYMH
4EGOEKI&]GLSSWMRKXLIQM\MRKFEWMWERHQM\MRKIUYEXMSRXLIXSXEP
9WIV4VSTIVX][MPPFIGEPGYPEXIH

3RGIE9WIV4VSTIVX]MWHIJMRIH,=7=7[MPPFIEFPIXSGEPGYPEXIXLI
ZEPYISJXLITVSTIVX]JSVER]*PS[WLIIXWXVIEQXLVSYKLXLI9WIV
4VSTIVX]YXMPMX]9WIV4VSTIVXMIWGEREPWSFIWIXEW'SPYQR
WTIGMJMGEXMSRW

 9WIV4VSTIVX]8EF
8LIUser Property XEFSJXLISimulation Basis ManagerMWWLS[R
FIPS[

Figure 5.1

5-3
5-4 User Property View

8LI%ZEMPEFPI 9WIV4VSTIVXMIWEVIPMWXIHMRXLIUser PropertiesKVSYT

8LIJSPPS[MRK9WIV4VSTIVX]QERMTYPEXMSRFYXXSRWEVIEZEMPEFPI

Button Description
View Edit the currently highlighted User Property.
Refer to Chapter 5.2 - User
Property View for descriptions Add Create a new User Property.
of the User Property Erase the currently highlighted User Property. HYSYS will not
Parameters. Delete prompt for confirmation when deleting a User Property, so be
careful when you are using this command.

-RXLIUser Property ParametersKVSYTEPPMRJSVQEXMSRGSRGIVRMRKXLI

LMKLPMKLXIHTVSTIVX]MRXLI9WIV4VSTIVX]KVSYTMWHMWTPE]IH=SYGER
IHMXXLI9WIV4VSTIVX]MRJSVQEXMSRHMVIGXP]SRXLMWXEFMRWXIEHSJ
EGGIWWMRKXLIMRHMZMHYEPUser PropertyZMI[XLIWEQIMRJSVQEXMSRMW
JSYRHMRFSXLTPEGIW

%HHMRKE9WIV4VSTIVX]
 3RXLIUser PropertyXEFSJXLISimulation Basis ManagerTVIWW
XLIAddFYXXSR8LIUser PropertyZMI[[MPPETTIEV
 4VSZMHIEHIWGVMTXMZI2EQIJSVXLIYWIVTVSTIVX]
 -RXLIEquation ParametersKVSYTWIPIGXE1M\MRK&EWMW
 'LSSWIE1M\MRK6YPI
 =SYGERQSHMJ]XLIX[S1M\MRK4EVEQIXIVWF1ERHF2XSQSVI
EGGYVEXIP]VIJPIGX]SYVTVSTIVX]JSVQYPE
 7IPIGXE7SYVGIJPYMHTEGOEKIXSSFXEMRXLIPMWXSJYWIVTVSTIVX]
GSQTSRIRXW
 -RTYXXLITVSTIVX]ZEPYIWJSVIEGLGSQTSRIRX

 9WIV4VSTIVX]:MI[
)EGLXMQIE9WIV4VSTIVX]MWGVIEXIHZMEXLIUser PropertyXEFSJXLI
Simulation Basis ManagerXLIUser PropertyZMI[MWHMWTPE]IH8LI
User PropertyZMI[LEWX[SXEFWXLIDataXEFERHXLINotesXEF%PP
MRJSVQEXMSRVIKEVHMRKXLIGEPGYPEXMSRSJXLI9WIV4VSTIVX]MWWTIGMJMIH
SRXLIDataXEF

5-4
 User Properties 5-5

 (EXE8EF
3RXLI DataXEF]SY[MPPJMRHXLIEquation ParametersERH
Component User Property Values KVSYTW

Figure 5.2

)UYEXMSR4EVEQIXIVW
8LIJSPPS[MRKSTXMSRWEVIEZEMPEFPI

Parameter Description
You have the following options: Mole Fraction, Mass
Fraction, Liquid Volume Fraction, Mole Flow, Mass Flow,
and Liquid Volume Flow. Note that all calculations are
performed using compositions in HYSYS internal units. If
you have specified a flow basis (molar, mass or liquid
Mixing Basis
volume flow), HYSYS will use the composition as calculated
in internal units for that basis. For example, a User Property
with a Mixing Basis specified as molar flow will always be
calculated using compositions in kgmole/s, regardless of
what the current default units are.

5-5
5-6 User Property View

Parameter Description
Select from one of three mixing rules:
N
= f 2 ∑ ( x ( i )P ( i ) )
f1 f1
( P mix ) 
i=1

All user property information N

= f 2 ∑ ( x ( i ) ln ( P ( i ) ) )
f1 f1
can be accessed from the Build ( Pmix ) 
Environment. Refer to Section i=1
7.4.4 - User Properties of the
User’s Guide for more N
∑ x ( i ) ( f 1 ⋅P ( i ) + 10 )
Mixing Rule f 2⋅ P(i)
information. Index = 
i=1

where: Pmix = total user property value

P(i) = input property value for component
x(i) = component fraction or flow, depending
on the chosen Mixing Basis
Index = blended (total) index value
f1 and f2 are specified constants
Mixing The mixing parameters f1 and f2 are 1.00 by default. You
Parameters may supply any value for these parameters.

1M\MRK6YPIW
The form of your index
equation must resemble the %WPMWXIHTVIZMSYWP]XLIVIEVIXLVIIQM\MRKVYPIWEZEMPEFPI[LIR]SYEVI
HYSYS index equation such HIJMRMRKEYWIVTVSTIVX]Equation (5.1)ERHEquation (5.2)EVI
that you can supply the f1 and VIPEXMZIP]WXVEMKLXJSV[EVH8LIMRHI\QM\MRKVYPIEquation (5.3)MW
f2 parameters. Some common
properties which can make WPMKLXP]QSVIGSQTPI\
use of the Index equation
include R.O.N., Pour Point ;MXLXLIMRHI\QM\MRKVYPI,=7=7EPPS[W]SYXSGSQFMRITVSTIVXMIW
and Viscosity. XLEXEVIRSXMRLIVIRXP]PMRIEV%TVSTIVX]MWQEHIPMRIEVXLVSYKLXLIYWI
SJXLIMRHI\IUYEXMSR

Equation (5.3)GERFIWMQTPMJMIHMRXSXLIJSPPS[MRKIUYEXMSRW

f 2⋅ P(i )
Index i = f 1 ⋅ P ( i ) + 10 

5-6
 User Properties 5-7

N

Index = ∑ x ( i ) + Indexi
i=1

N
Index = ∑ x ( i ) + Indexi 
i=1

=SYWYTTP]XLIMRHMZMHYEPGSQTSRIRXTVSTIVXMIWPiERHXLIMRHI\
IUYEXMSRTEVEQIXIVWMIfERHf29WMRKEquation (5.4),=7=7[MPP
GEPGYPEXIERMRHMZMHYEPMRHI\ZEPYIJSVIEGLWYTTPMIHTVSTIVX]ZEPYI
8LIWYQSJXLIMRHI\ZEPYIW[LMGLMWXLIFPIRHIHMRHI\ZEPYIMWXLIR
GEPGYPEXIHYWMRKXLI1M\MRK&EWMW]SYLEZIGLSWIREquation (5.5)
8LIFPIRHIHMRHI\ZEPYIMWYWIHMRERMXIVEXMZIGEPGYPEXMSRXSTVSHYGI
XLIFPIRHIHTVSTIVX]ZEPYIPMREquation (5.6)8LIFPIRHIHTVSTIVX]
ZEPYIMWXLIZEPYI[LMGL[MPPFIHMWTPE]IHMRXLIYWIVTVSTIVX]YXMPMX]

'SQTSRIRX4VSTIVX]:EPYIW+VSYT
User Property values can be
assigned to pseudo
-RXLIComponent Property ValuesKVSYTWIPIGXE*PYMH4EGOEKIJVSQ
components during the
characterization of an oil. XLISourceHVSTHS[RPMWX%PPGSQTSRIRXWXLEXLEZIFIIRWIPIGXIH
Refer to Section 3.8 - User [MXLMRXLI7SYVGI*PYMH4EGOEKI[MPPFIHMWTPE]IHMRXLIComponent
Property for more GSPYQR=SYQE]TVSZMHIE4VSTIVX]ZEPYIJSVER]SJXLIPMWXIH
information.
GSQTSRIRXW

8LITYVTSWISJXLMWZMI[MWXSMRWXVYGX,=7=7LS[XLI9WIV4VSTIVX]
Refer to Chapter 9 - Utilities of WLSYPHFIGEPGYPEXIHMREPP*PS[WLIIXWXVIEQW;LIRIZIVXLIZEPYISJE
the User Guide manual for 9WIV4VSTIVX]MWVIUYIWXIHF]XLI9WIV4VSTIVX]YXMPMX]SVF]XLI
more information on the User
GSPYQR,=7=7[MPPYWIXLIGSQTSWMXMSRMRXLIWTIGMJMIHFEWMWERH
Property utility.
GEPGYPEXIXLI9WIV4VSTIVX]ZEPYIYWMRK]SYVQM\MRKVYPIERH
TEVEQIXIVW
Refer to Chapter 7 - Column
of the Steady State Modelling
guide for information on the  2SXIW8EF
User Property specification.
,=7=7TVSZMHIWEXEF[LIVI]SYGERIRXIVEHIWGVMTXMSRSJXLI9WIV
4VSTIVXMIWJSV]SYVS[RJYXYVIVIJIVIRGI

5-7
5-8 User Property View

5-8
 Property Methods and Calculations A-1

A- Property Methods and

Calculations
A.1 Selecting Property Methods ....................................................................... 3

A.2 Property Methods ........................................................................................ 8

A.2.1 Equations of State ................................................................................... 8
A.2.2 Activity Models....................................................................................... 15
A.2.3 Activity Model Vapour Phase Options.................................................... 33
A.2.4 Semi-Empirical Methods........................................................................ 34
A.2.5 Vapour Pressure Property Packages..................................................... 35
A.2.6 Miscellaneous - Special Application Methods........................................ 38

A.3 Enthalpy and Entropy Departure Calculations ....................................... 41

A.3.1 Equations of State ................................................................................. 42
A.3.2 Activity Models....................................................................................... 44
A.3.3 Lee-Kesler Option.................................................................................. 45

A.4 Physical and Transport Properties .......................................................... 48

A.4.1 Liquid Density ........................................................................................ 48
A.4.2 Vapour Density ...................................................................................... 49
A.4.3 Viscosity................................................................................................. 49
A.4.4 Liquid Phase Mixing Rules for Viscosity ................................................ 51
A.4.5 Thermal Conductivity ............................................................................. 52
A.4.6 Surface Tension ..................................................................................... 53

A.5 Volumetric Flow Rate Calculations .......................................................... 54

A.5.1 Available Flow Rates ............................................................................. 54
A.5.2 Liquid and Vapour Density Basis ........................................................... 55
A.5.3 Formulation of Flow Rate Calculations .................................................. 57
A.5.4 Volumetric Flow Rates as Specifications ............................................... 58

A-1
A-2

A.6 Flash Calculations ..................................................................................... 59

A.6.1 T-P Flash Calculation............................................................................. 60
A.6.2 Vapour Fraction Flash............................................................................ 60
A.6.3 Enthalpy Flash ....................................................................................... 62
A.6.4 Entropy Flash ........................................................................................ 62
A.6.5 Handling of Water .................................................................................. 62
A.6.6 Solids ..................................................................................................... 64
A.6.7 Stream Information ................................................................................ 65

A.7 References ................................................................................................. 66

A-2
 Property Methods and Calculations A-3

-RXVSHYGXMSR
8LMWETTIRHM\MWSVKERM^IHWYGLXLEXXLIHIXEMPIHGEPGYPEXMSRW[LMGL
SGGYV[MXLMRXLISimulation Basis ManagerERH[MXLMRXLI*PS[WLIIX
EVII\TPEMRIHMREPSKMGEPQERRIV

• In the first section, an overview of property method selection is

presented. Various process systems and their recommended
property methods are listed.
• Detailed information is provided concerning each individual
property method available in HYSYS. This section is further
subdivided into equations of state, activity models, Chao-
Seader based semi-empirical methods, vapour pressure
models and miscellaneous methods.
• Following the detailed property method discussion is the
section concerning enthalpy and entropy departure
calculations. The enthalpy and entropy options available within
HYSYS are largely dependent upon your choice of a property
method.
• The physical and transport properties are covered in detail.
The methods used by HYSYS in calculating liquid density,
vapour density, viscosity, thermal conductivity and surface
tension are listed.
• HYSYS handles volume flow calculations in a unique way. To
highlight the methods involved in calculating volumes, a
separate section has been provided.
• The next section ties all of the previous information together.
Within HYSYS, the Flash calculation uses the equations of the
selected property method, as well as the physical and transport
property functions to determine all property values for
Flowsheet streams. Once a flash calculation has been
performed on an object, all of its thermodynamic, physical and
transport properties are defined. The flash calculation in
HYSYS does not require initial guesses or the specification of
flash type to assist in its convergence.
• A list of References is included at the end of the Appendix.

% 7IPIGXMRK4VSTIVX]
1IXLSHW
8LITVSTIVX]TEGOEKIWEZEMPEFPIMR,=7=7EPPS[]SYXSTVIHMGX
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A-3
A-4 Selecting Property Methods

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ZEPMHEXMSRQEXIVMEPSVSYVFIWXIWXMQEXISJMXWEGGYVEG]

Recommended Property
Type of System
Method
TEG Dehydration PR
Sour Water PR, Sour PR
Cryogenic Gas Processing PR, PRSV
Air Separation PR, PRSV
Atm Crude Towers PR, PR Options, GS
Vacuum Towers PR, PR Options, GS (<10
mm Hg), Braun K10, Esso
K
Ethylene Towers Lee Kesler Plocker
High H2 Systems PR, ZJ or GS (see T/P
limits)
Reservoir Systems PR, PR Options
Steam Systems Steam Package, CS or GS
Hydrate Inhibition PR
Chemical systems Activity Models, PRSV
HF Alkylation PRSV, NRTL (Contact
Hyprotech)
TEG Dehydration with PR (Contact Hyprotech)
Aromatics
Hydrocarbon systems Kabadi Danner
where H2O solubility in HC
is important
Systems with select gases MBWR
and light hydrocarbons

A-4
 Property Methods and Calculations A-5

*SVSMPKEWERHTIXVSGLIQMGEPETTPMGEXMSRWXLI4IRK6SFMRWSR)37
PRMWKIRIVEPP]XLIVIGSQQIRHIHTVSTIVX]TEGOEKI,]TVSXIGLkW
IRLERGIQIRXWXSXLMWIUYEXMSRSJWXEXIIREFPIMXXSFIEGGYVEXIJSVE
ZEVMIX]SJW]WXIQWSZIVE[MHIVERKISJGSRHMXMSRW-XVMKSVSYWP]WSPZIW
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GSRHMXMSRWEWWLS[RMRXLIJSPPS[MRKXEFPI

Method Temp (°F) Temp (°C) Pressure (psia) Pressure (kPa)

PR > -456 > -271 < 15,000 < 100,000
SRK > -225 > -143 < 5,000 < 35,000

8LIPRIUYEXMSRSJWXEXILEWFIIRIRLERGIHXS]MIPHEGGYVEXITLEWI
IUYMPMFVMYQGEPGYPEXMSRWJSVW]WXIQWVERKMRKJVSQPS[XIQTIVEXYVI
NOTE: The range of
applicability in many cases is GV]SKIRMGW]WXIQWXSLMKLXIQTIVEXYVILMKLTVIWWYVIVIWIVZSMV
more indicative of the W]WXIQW8LIWEQIIUYEXMSRSJWXEXIWEXMWJEGXSVMP]TVIHMGXWGSQTSRIRX
availability of good data HMWXVMFYXMSRWJSVLIEZ]SMPW]WXIQWEUYISYWKP]GSPERH', 3, 
rather than on the actual
limitations.
W]WXIQWERHEGMHKEWWSYV[EXIVW]WXIQWEPXLSYKLWTIGMJMGWSYV[EXIV
QSHIPWSour PRERHSour SRKEVIEZEMPEFPIJSVQSVIWTIGMEPM^IH
XVIEXQIRX3YVLMKLVIGSQQIRHEXMSRJSVXLIPRIUYEXMSRSJWXEXIMW
PEVKIP]HYIXSXLITVIJIVIRXMEPEXXIRXMSRXLEXLEWFIIRKMZIRXSMXF]
,]TVSXIGL. %PXLSYKLXLI7SEZI6IHPMGL/[SRKSRKIUYEXMSR[MPP
EPWSTVSZMHIGSQTEVEFPIVIWYPXWXSXLIPRMRQER]GEWIWMXLEWFIIR
JSYRHXLEXMXWVERKISJETTPMGEXMSRMWWMKRMJMGERXP]PMQMXIHERHMXMWRSXEW
VIPMEFPIJSVRSRMHIEPW]WXIQW*SVI\EQTPIMXWLSYPHRSXFIYWIHJSV
W]WXIQW[MXL', 3,SVKP]GSPW


%WEREPXIVREXIXLIPRSVIUYEXMSRSJWXEXIWLSYPHEPWSFIGSRWMHIVIH
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MHIEPW]WXIQW

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[MPPMRMXMEXIEREUYISYWTLEWI8LI'LES7IEHIVCSERH+VE]WSR

A-5
A-6 Selecting Property Methods

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8LIPRGEREPWSFIYWIHJSVGVYHIW]WXIQW[LMGLLEZIXVEHMXMSREPP]
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QSHIPWEVIWYWTIGXJSVW]WXIQW[MXLPEVKIEQSYRXWSJPMKLXIRHWSV
[LIRETTVSEGLMRKGVMXMGEPVIKMSRW%PWSXLIHYEPQSHIPW]WXIQPIEHWXS
MRXIVREPMRGSRWMWXIRGMIW8LITVSTVMIXEV]IRLERGIQIRXWXSXLIPRERH
SRKQIXLSHWEPPS[XLIWI)37WXSGSVVIGXP]VITVIWIRXZEGYYQ
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QIXLSHWEW[IPPEWLERHPIXLIPMKLXIRHWERHLMKLTVIWWYVIW]WXIQW

%GXMZMX]1SHIPW[LMGLLERHPILMKLP]RSRMHIEPW]WXIQWEVIQYGL
QSVIIQTMVMGEPMRREXYVI[LIRGSQTEVIHXSXLITVSTIVX]TVIHMGXMSRW
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PMUYMHTLEWI7MRGIXLII\TIVMQIRXEPHEXEJSVEGXMZMX]QSHIPTEVEQIXIVW
EVIJMXXIHJSVEWTIGMJMGVERKIXLIWITVSTIVX]QIXLSHWGERRSXFIYWIH
EWVIPMEFP]JSVKIRIVEPM^IHETTPMGEXMSR

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WSQIMRWXERGIW*SVI\EQTPIXLI]EVIVIGSQQIRHIHJSVTVSFPIQW
GSRXEMRMRKQEMRP]PMUYMHSVZETSYV, 3FIGEYWIXLI]MRGPYHIWTIGMEP


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7IEHIVQIXLSHGERFIYWIHJSVPMKLXL]HVSGEVFSRQM\XYVIWMJHIWMVIH
8LI+VE]WSR7XVIIHGSVVIPEXMSRMWVIGSQQIRHIHJSVYWI[MXLW]WXIQW
LEZMRKELMKLGSRGIRXVEXMSRSJ, FIGEYWISJXLIWTIGMEPXVIEXQIRX


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L]HVSGEVFSRJVEGXMSREXMSRW]WXIQWERHGSRWIUYIRXP]TVSZMHIEKSSH
QIERWSJGSQTEVMWSREKEMRWXVMKSVSYWQSHIPW8LI]WLSYPHRSXFI
GSRWMHIVIHJSV:0)TVIHMGXMSRWJSVW]WXIQWSTIVEXMRKEXLMKLTVIWWYVIW
SVW]WXIQW[MXLWMKRMJMGERXUYERXMXMIWSJPMKLXL]HVSGEVFSRW

A-6
 Property Methods and Calculations A-7

8LI4VSTIVX]4EGOEKIQIXLSHWMR,=7=7EVIHMZMHIHMRXSFEWMG
GEXIKSVMIWEWWLS[RMRXLIJSPPS[MRKXEFPI;MXLIEGLSJXLITVSTIVX]
QIXLSHWPMWXIHEVIXLIEZEMPEFPIQIXLSHWSJ:0)ERH)RXLEPT])RXVST]
GEPGYPEXMSR

4PIEWIVIJIVXSSection A.3 - Enthalpy and Entropy Departure

CalculationsJSVEHIWGVMTXMSRSJ)RXLEPT]ERH)RXVST]GEPGYPEXMSRW

Enthalpy/Entropy
Property Method VLE Calculation
Calculation
Equations of State
PR PR PR
PR LK ENTH PR Lee-Kesler
SRK SRK SRK
SRK LK ENTH SRK Lee-Kesler
Kabadi Danner Kabadi Danner SRK
Lee Kesler Plocker Lee Kesler Plocker Lee Kesler
PRSV PRSV PRSV
PRSV LK PRSV Lee-Kesler
Sour PR PR & API-Sour PR
SOUR SRK SRK & API-Sour SRK
Zudkevitch-Joffee Zudkevitch-Joffee Lee-Kesler
Activity Models
Liquid
Chien Null Chien Null Cavett
Extended and General NRTL Cavett
NRTL
Margules Margules Cavett
NRTL NRTL Cavett
UNIQUAC UNIQUAC Cavett
van Laar van Laar Cavett
Wilson Wilson Cavett
Vapour
Ideal Gas Ideal Ideal Gas
RK RK RK
Virial Virial Virial
Peng Robinson Peng Robinson Peng Robinson
SRK SRK SRK
Semi-Empirical Models
Chao-Seader CS-RK Lee-Kesler
Grayson-Streed GS-RK Lee-Kesler

A-7
A-8 Property Methods

Enthalpy/Entropy
Property Method VLE Calculation
Calculation
Vapour Pressure Models
Mod Antoine Mod Antoine-Ideal Gas Lee-Kesler
Braun K10 Braun K10-Ideal Gas Lee-Kesler
Esso K Esso-Ideal Gas Lee-Kesler
Miscellaneous - Special Application Methods
Amines Mod Kent Eisenberg Curve Fit
(L), PR (V)
Steam Packages
ASME Steam ASME Steam Tables ASME Steam Tables
NBS Steam NBS/NRC Steam NBS/NRC Steam
Tables Tables
MBWR Modified BWR Modified BWR

% 4VSTIVX]1IXLSHW
(IXEMPWSJIEGLMRHMZMHYEPTVSTIVX]QIXLSHEZEMPEFPIMR,=7=7[MPPFI
TVSZMHIHMRXLMWWIGXMSRMRGPYHMRKIUYEXMSRWSJWXEXIEGXMZMX]QSHIPW
'LES7IEHIVFEWIHIQTMVMGEPQIXLSHWZETSYVTVIWWYVIQSHIPWERH
QMWGIPPERISYWQIXLSHW
It is important to note that the
properties predicted by HYSYS’
PR and SRK equations of state
will not necessarily agree with % )UYEXMSRWSJ7XEXI
those predicted by the PR and
SRK of other commercial ,=7=7GYVVIRXP]SJJIVWXLIIRLERGIH4IRK6SFMRWSR PRERH7SEZI


simulators.
6IHPMGL/[SRK SRKIUYEXMSRWSJWXEXI-REHHMXMSR,=7=7SJJIVW


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STIVEXMRKGSRHMXMSRWERHXLIKVIEXIWXZEVMIX]SJW]WXIQW8LI4IRK
6SFMRWSRERH7SEZI6IHPMGL/[SRKIUYEXMSRWSJWXEXI)37KIRIVEXI
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,]TVSXIGLXSI\XIRHXLIMVVERKISJETTPMGEFMPMX]

8LI4IRK6SFMRWSRTVSTIVX]TEGOEKISTXMSRWEVIPRSour PRERH
PRSV7SEZI6IHPMGL/[SRKIUYEXMSRSJWXEXISTXMSRWEVIXLISRK
Sour SRKKDERHZJ

A-8
 Property Methods and Calculations A-9

46ERH76/
8LI46ERH76/TEGOEKIWGSRXEMRIRLERGIHFMREV]MRXIVEGXMSR
Note: The PR or SRK EOS TEVEQIXIVWJSVEPPPMFVEV]L]HVSGEVFSRL]HVSGEVFSRTEMVWE
should not be used for non-
GSQFMREXMSRSJJMXXIHERHKIRIVEXIHMRXIVEGXMSRTEVEQIXIVWEW[IPPEW
ideal chemicals such as
alcohols, acids or other JSVQSWXL]HVSGEVFSRRSRL]HVSGEVFSRFMREVMIW
components. They are more
accurately handled by the *SVRSRPMFVEV]SVL]HVSGEVFSRTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXW,','
Activity Models (highly non-
MRXIVEGXMSRTEVEQIXIVW[MPPFIKIRIVEXIHEYXSQEXMGEPP]F],=7=7JSV
ideal) or the PRSV EOS
(moderately non-ideal). MQTVSZIH:0)TVSTIVX]TVIHMGXMSRW

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GSQTSRIRXGSQTSRIRXMRXIVEGXMSRTEVEQIXIVW/I]GSQTSRIRXW
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,=7=7JSVXLIPRERHSRKIUYEXMSRWSJWXEXI

Soave Redlich Kwong Peng Robinson

RT a RT a
P = ------------ – --------------------- P = ------------ – -------------------------------------------------
V – b V(V + b) V – b V( V + b ) + b(V – b )
3 2 2 3 2 2 2 3
Z – Z + ( A – B – B )Z – AB = 0 Z + ( 1 – B )Z + ( A – 2B – 3B )Z – ( AB – B – B ) = 0

where
N N
b=
∑ x i bi ∑ x i bi
i=1 i=1

RT ci RT ci
bi= 0.08664 ----------- 0.077796 -----------
Pci P ci
N N N N

∑∑
0.5
xi xj ( ai aj ) ( 1 – k ij )
∑ ∑ xi xj ( ai aj )
0.5
a= ( 1 – k ij )
i = 1 j =1 i = 1 j =1

ai= a ci α i a ci α i

2 2
( RT ci ) ( RT ci )
aci= 0.42748 ------------------ 0.457235 ------------------
Pci P ci

0.5
αi0.5 = 1 + m i ( 1 – T ri ) 1 + m i ( 1 – T ri )
0.5

2 2
mi= 0.48 + 1.574ω i – 0.176ω i 0.37646 + 1.5422ω i – 0.26992ω i

A-9
A-10 Property Methods

Soave Redlich Kwong Peng Robinson

aP - aP
A= ------------- --------------
2
( RT )
2 ( RT )

bP-
------ bP-
------
B=
RT RT

/EFEHM(ERRIV
8LMWKD QSHIPMWEQSHMJMGEXMSRSJXLISVMKMREPSRKIUYEXMSRSJ7XEXI


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IUYEXMSR

(o) ω ( r) (o)
z = z + ---------
( r)
(z – z ) %
ω

8LIGSQTVIWWMFMPMX]JEGXSVWEVIHIXIVQMRIHEWJSPPS[W

pv pr vr
z = ------- = ---------- = z ( T r, v r, A k ) %
RT Tr

B C D C4 γ- –γ
- β + ----
z = 1 + ---- + ----2- + ----5- + ---------- exp ----2- %
3 2 2
vr vr v r Tr v r vr vr

A-10
 Property Methods and Calculations A-11

where:

pc v b2 b3 b4
v r = --------- B = b 1 – ----- – -----2 – -----3
RT c T r T r Tr
c2 c3 d
C = c 1 – ----- + -----2 D = d 1 – ----2-
Tr T r Tr
(o ) (r)
ω = 0 ω = 0.3978

1M\MRKVYPIWJSVTWIYHSGVMXMGEPTVSTIVXMIWEVIEWJSPPS[W

 1 
- ∑ ∑ x i x j v c
T cm =  -------- %
 Vηcm ij
i j

where:

1⁄2
Tc = ( Tc Tc ) Tc = Tc
ii i
Tc = Tc
jj j
ij i j

vc =
m ∑ ∑ xi xj vc ij ij
1 1⁄3
8 i
1⁄3 3
v c = --- ( v c + v c )
j
i j

RT c
v c = z c ----------i z c = 0.2905 – 0.085ω i
i i p i
c i

RT c
p c = z c -----------m- z c = 0.2905 – 0.085ω m
m m v m
c m

ωm = ∑ xi ωi
i

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8LI4IRK6SFMRWSR7XV]NIO:IVEPRSVIUYEXMSRSJWXEXIMWEX[SJSPH
QSHMJMGEXMSRSJXLIPRIUYEXMSRSJWXEXIXLEXI\XIRHWXLIETTPMGEXMSRSJ
XLISVMKMREPPRQIXLSHJSVQSHIVEXIP]RSRMHIEPW]WXIQW-XLEWFIIR
WLS[RXSQEXGLZETSYVTVIWWYVIWGYVZIWSJTYVIGSQTSRIRXWERH
QM\XYVIWQSVIEGGYVEXIP]XLERXLIPRQIXLSHIWTIGMEPP]EXPS[ZETSYV
TVIWWYVIW

A-11
A-12 Property Methods

-XLEWFIIRWYGGIWWJYPP]I\XIRHIHXSLERHPIRSRMHIEPW]WXIQWKMZMRK
VIWYPXWEWKSSHEWXLSWISFXEMRIHYWMRKI\GIWW+MFFWIRIVK]JYRGXMSRW
PMOIXLIWilsonNRTLSVUNIQUACIUYEXMSRW

3RISJXLITVSTSWIHQSHMJMGEXMSRWXSXLIPRIUYEXMSRSJWXEXIF]
7XV]NIOERH:IVE[EWERI\TERHIHEPTLEαXIVQXLEXFIGEQIE
JYRGXMSRSJEGIRXVMGMX]ERHERIQTMVMGEPTEVEQIXIVκ YWIHJSVJMXXMRK M

TYVIGSQTSRIRXZETSYVTVIWWYVIW

0.5 2
αi = [ 1 + κi ( 1 – Tr ) ]
0.5 0.5
κ i = κ 0i + κ 1i ( 1 + T r ) ( 0.7 – T r ) %
i i

2 3
κ 0i = 0.378893 + 1.4897153ω i – 0.17131848ω i + 0.0196554ω i

where: κ i = characteristic pure component parameter



ωi = acentric factor

8LIEHNYWXEFPIκ iXIVQEPPS[WJSVEQYGLGPSWIVJMXSJXLITYVI


GSQTSRIRXZETSYVTVIWWYVIGYVZIW8LMWXIVQLEWFIIRVIKVIWWIH
EKEMRWXXLITYVIGSQTSRIRXZETSYVTVIWWYVIJSVEPPGSQTSRIRXWMR
,=7=7kPMFVEV]

*SVTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWXLEXLEZIFIIRKIRIVEXIHXSVITVIWIRXSMP
JVEGXMSRW,=7=7[MPPEYXSQEXMGEPP]VIKVIWWXLIκ iXIVQJSVIEGLTWIYHS 

GSQTSRIRXEKEMRWXXLI0II/IWPIVZETSYVTVIWWYVIGYVZIW*SV
MRHMZMHYEPYWIVEHHIHL]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXWκ iXIVQWGERIMXLIV 

FIIRXIVIHSVXLI][MPPEYXSQEXMGEPP]FIVIKVIWWIHEKEMRWXXLI0II
/IWPIV+SQI^8LSHSWSV6IMHIPGSVVIPEXMSRW

8LIWIGSRHQSHMJMGEXMSRGSRWMWXWSJERI[WIXSJQM\MRKVYPIWJSV
QM\XYVIW'SRZIRXMSREPQM\MRKVYPIWEVIYWIHJSVXLIZSPYQIERH
IRIVK]TEVEQIXIVWMRQM\XYVIWFYXXLIQM\MRKVYPIJSVXLIGVSWWXIVQ
aijMWQSHMJMIHXSEHSTXEGSQTSWMXMSRHITIRHIRXJSVQ%PXLSYKLX[S
HMJJIVIRXQM\MRKVYPIW[IVITVSTSWIHMRXLISVMKMREPTETIV,=7=7LEW
MRGSVTSVEXIHSRP]XLI1EVKYPIWI\TVIWWMSRJSVXLIGVSWWXIVQ

Note that if kij =kji , the mixing

0.5
rules reduce to the standard a ij = ( a ii a jj ) ( 1.0 – x i k ij – x j k ji ) %
PR equation of state.

where: k ij ≠ k ji

A-12
 Property Methods and Calculations A-13

%PXLSYKLSRP]EPMQMXIHRYQFIVSJFMREV]TEMVWLEZIFIIRVIKVIWWIHJSV
XLMWIUYEXMSRSYVPMQMXIHI\TIVMIRGIWYKKIWXWXLEXXLIPRSVGERFI
Note that different values can YWIHXSQSHIPQSHIVEXIP]RSRMHIEPW]WXIQWWYGLEW, 3EPGSLSP


be entered for each of the W]WXIQWWSQIL]HVSGEVFSREPGSLSPW]WXIQW=SYGEREPWSQSHIP

binary interaction
L]HVSGEVFSRW]WXIQW[MXLMQTVSZIHEGGYVEG]%PWSHYIXSPRSVkW
parameters.
FIXXIVZETSYVTVIWWYVITVIHMGXMSRWMQTVSZIHLIEXSJZETSYVM^EXMSR
TVIHMGXMSRWWLSYPHFII\TIGXIH

7SYV;EXIV3TXMSRW
8LISourSTXMSRMWEZEMPEFPIJSVFSXLXLIPRERHSRK IUYEXMSRWSJWXEXI
8LISour PRSTXMSRGSQFMRIWXLIPR IUYEXMSRSJWXEXIERH;MPWSRkW
%4-7SYV1SHIPJSVLERHPMRKWSYV[EXIVW]WXIQW[LMPISour SRK
YXMPM^IWXLISRKIUYEXMSRSJWXEXI[MXLXLI;MPWSRQSHIP

8LISourSTXMSRWYWIXLIETTVSTVMEXIIUYEXMSRSJWXEXIJSVGEPGYPEXMRK
XLIJYKEGMXMIWSJXLIZETSYVERHPMUYMHL]HVSGEVFSRTLEWIWEW[IPPEW
XLIIRXLEPT]JSVEPPXLVIITLEWIW8LI/ZEPYIWJSVXLIEUYISYWTLEWI
EVIGEPGYPEXIHYWMRK;MPWSRkW%4-7SYVQIXLSH8LMWSTXMSRYWIW
;MPWSRkWQSHIPXSEGGSYRXJSVXLIMSRM^EXMSRSJXLI, 7'3 ERH2, 
  

MRXLIEUYISYW[EXIVTLEWI8LIEUYISYWQSHIPIQTPS]WE
QSHMJMGEXMSRSJ:ER/VIZIPIRkWSVMKMREPQSHIP[MXLQER]SJXLIOI]
PMQMXEXMSRWVIQSZIH1SVIHIXEMPWSJXLIQSHIPEVIEZEMPEFPIMRXLI
SVMKMREP%4-TYFPMGEXMSRXMXPIH%2I['SVVIPEXMSRSJ2, '3 ERH
 

, 7:SPEXMPMX](EXEJVSQ%UYISYW7SYV;EXIV7]WXIQW


8LISVMKMREPQSHIPMWETTPMGEFPIJSVXIQTIVEXYVIWFIX[IIRš'š*
It is important to note that
because the method performs ERHš'š*ERHTVIWWYVIWYTXSTWM9WISJIMXLIVXLIPRSV
an ion balance for each K- SRKIUYEXMSRSJWXEXIXSGSVVIGXZETSYVTLEWIRSRMHIEPMXMIWI\XIRHW
value calculation, the flash XLMWVERKIFYXHYIXSPEGOSJI\TIVMQIRXEPHEXEI\EGXVERKIWGERRSXFI
calculation is much slower
than the standard EOS.
WTIGMJMIH8LIEGGITXEFPITVIWWYVIVERKIWJSV,=7=7kQSHIPZEV]
HITIRHMRKYTSRXLIGSRGIRXVEXMSRSJXLIEGMHKEWIWERH, 38LI


QIXLSHTIVJSVQW[IPP[LIRXLI, 3TEVXMEPTVIWWYVIMWFIPS[TWM


8LMWSTXMSRQE]FIETTPMIHXSWSYV[EXIVWXVMTTIVWL]HVSXVIEXIVPSSTW
GVYHIGSPYQRWSVER]TVSGIWWGSRXEMRMRKL]HVSGEVFSRWEGMHKEWIWERH
, 3-JXLIEUYISYWTLEWIMWRSXTVIWIRXXLIQIXLSHTVSHYGIW


MHIRXMGEPVIWYPXWXSXLI)37PRSVSRKHITIRHMRKSR[LMGLSTXMSR
]SYLEZIGLSWIR

A-13
A-14 Property Methods

>YHOIZMXGL.SJJII
8LI>YHOIZMXGL.SJJIIQSHIPMWEQSHMJMGEXMSRSJXLI6IHPMGL/[SRK
IUYEXMSRSJWXEXI8LMWQSHIPLEWFIIRIRLERGIHJSVFIXXIVTVIHMGXMSR
SJZETSYVPMUYMHIUYMPMFVMEJSVL]HVSGEVFSRW]WXIQWERHW]WXIQW
GSRXEMRMRK, 8LIQENSVEHZERXEKISJXLMWQSHIPSZIVXLITVIZMSYW


ZIVWMSRSJXLIRKIUYEXMSRMWXLIMQTVSZIHGETEFMPMX]SJTVIHMGXMRK
TYVIGSQTSRIRXIUYMPMFVMEERHXLIWMQTPMJMGEXMSRSJXLIQIXLSHJSV
HIXIVQMRMRKXLIVIUYMVIHGSIJJMGMIRXWJSVXLIIUYEXMSR

)RXLEPT]GEPGYPEXMSRWJSVXLMWQSHIP[MPPFITIVJSVQIHYWMRKXLI0II
/IWPIVQSHIP

)37)RXLEPT]'EPGYPEXMSR
;MXLER]XLI)UYEXMSRSJ7XEXISTXMSRWI\GITXZJERHLKP]SYGER
The Lee-Kesler enthalpies may
be slightly more accurate for WTIGMJ][LIXLIVXLI)RXLEPT][MPPFIGEPGYPEXIHF]IMXLIVXLI)UYEXMSR
heavy hydrocarbon systems, SJ7XEXIQIXLSHSVXLI0II/IWPIVQIXLSH8LIZJERHLKPQYWXYWIXLI
but require more computer 0II/IWPIVQIXLSHMR)RXLEPT]GEPGYPEXMSRW7IPIGXMSRSJERIRXLEPT]
resources because a separate
model must be solved.
QIXLSHMWHSRIZMEVEHMSFYXXSRWMRXLIEnthalpy MethodKVSYT

Figure A.1

7IPIGXMRKXLILee Kesler Enthalpy STXMSRVIWYPXWMREGSQFMRIH

TVSTIVX]TEGOEKIIQTPS]MRKXLIETTVSTVMEXIIUYEXMSRSJWXEXIIMXLIV
PR SV SRKJSVZETSYVPMUYMHIUYMPMFVMYQGEPGYPEXMSRWERHXLI0II
/IWPIVIUYEXMSRJSVGEPGYPEXMSRSJIRXLEPTMIWERHIRXVSTMIWJSV
HMJJIVIRGIWFIX[IIREOSERHLKQIXLSHWVIJIVXSXLISection A.3 -
Enthalpy and Entropy Departure Calculations

8LILKQIXLSH]MIPHWGSQTEVEFPIVIWYPXWXS,=7=7kWXERHEVH
IUYEXMSRWSJWXEXIERHLEWMHIRXMGEPVERKIWSJETTPMGEFMPMX]%WWYGLXLMW
STXMSR[MXLPRLEWEWPMKLXP]KVIEXIVVERKISJETTPMGEFMPMX]XLER[MXL
SRK

>IVS/MN3TXMSR
,=7=7EYXSQEXMGEPP]KIRIVEXIWL]HVSGEVFSRL]HVSGEVFSRMRXIVEGXMSR
This option is set on the
Binary Coeffs tab of the Fluid TEVEQIXIVW[LIRZEPYIWEVIYRORS[RMJXLIEstimate HC-HC/Set Non
Package property view. HC-HC to 0.0VEHMSFYXXSRMWWIPIGXIH8LISet All to 0.0VEHMSFYXXSR
XYVRWSJJXLIEYXSQEXMGGEPGYPEXMSRSJER]IWXMQEXIHMRXIVEGXMSR

A-14
 Property Methods and Calculations A-15

GSIJJMGMIRXWFIX[IIRL]HVSGEVFSRW%PPFMREV]MRXIVEGXMSRTEVEQIXIVW
XLEXEVISFXEMRIHJVSQXLITYVIGSQTSRIRXPMFVEV][MPPVIQEMR

Figure A.2

8LI Set All to 0.0STXMSRQE]TVSZIYWIJYP[LIRXV]MRKXSQEXGLVIWYPXW

JVSQSXLIVGSQQIVGMEPWMQYPEXSVW[LMGLQE]RSXWYTTP]MRXIVEGXMSR
TEVEQIXIVWJSVLMKLIVQSPIGYPEV[IMKLXL]HVSGEVFSRW

% %GXMZMX]1SHIPW
%PXLSYKLIUYEXMSRSJWXEXIQSHIPWLEZITVSZIRXSFIZIV]VIPMEFPIMR
TVIHMGXMRKTVSTIVXMIWSJQSWXL]HVSGEVFSRFEWIHJPYMHWSZIVEPEVKI
VERKISJSTIVEXMRKGSRHMXMSRWXLIMVETTPMGEXMSRLEWFIIRPMQMXIHXS
TVMQEVMP]RSRTSPEVSVWPMKLXP]TSPEVGSQTSRIRXW4SPEVSVRSRMHIEP
GLIQMGEPW]WXIQWLEZIXVEHMXMSREPP]FIIRLERHPIHYWMRKHYEPQSHIP
ETTVSEGLIW-RXLMWETTVSEGLERIUYEXMSRSJWXEXIMWYWIHJSV
TVIHMGXMRKXLIZETSYVJYKEGMX]GSIJJMGMIRXW (normally ideal gas
assumption or the Redlich Kwong, Peng-Robinson or SRK equations of
state, although a Virial equation of state is available for specific
applications)ERHEREGXMZMX]GSIJJMGMIRXQSHIPMWYWIHJSVXLIPMUYMH
TLEWI%PXLSYKLXLIVIMWGSRWMHIVEFPIVIWIEVGLFIMRKGSRHYGXIHXS
I\XIRHIUYEXMSRSJWXEXIETTPMGEXMSRWMRXSXLIGLIQMGEPEVIREIKXLI
PRSVIUYEXMSRXLIWXEXISJXLIEVXSJTVSTIVX]TVIHMGXMSRWJSV
GLIQMGEPW]WXIQWMWWXMPPKSZIVRIHQEMRP]F]%GXMZMX]1SHIPW

%GXMZMX]1SHIPWEVIQYGLQSVIIQTMVMGEPMRREXYVI[LIRGSQTEVIHXS
XLITVSTIVX]TVIHMGXMSRWIUYEXMSRWSJWXEXIX]TMGEPP]YWIHMRXLI
L]HVSGEVFSRMRHYWXV]*SVI\EQTPIXLI]GERRSXFIYWIHEWVIPMEFP]EW
XLIIUYEXMSRWSJWXEXIJSVKIRIVEPM^IHETTPMGEXMSRSVI\XVETSPEXMRKMRXS
YRXIWXIHSTIVEXMRKGSRHMXMSRW8LIMVXYRMRKTEVEQIXIVWWLSYPHFI
JMXXIHEKEMRWXEVITVIWIRXEXMZIWEQTPISJI\TIVMQIRXEPHEXEERHXLIMV
ETTPMGEXMSRWLSYPHFIPMQMXIHXSQSHIVEXITVIWWYVIW'SRWIUYIRXP]
QSVIGEYXMSRWLSYPHFII\IVGMWIH[LIRWIPIGXMRKXLIWIQSHIPWJSV]SYV
WMQYPEXMSR

A-15
A-16 Property Methods

8LITLEWIWITEVEXMSRSVIUYMPMFVMYQVEXMSKiJSVGSQTSRIRXiHIJMRIH
Activity Models produce the MRXIVQWSJXLIZETSYVTLEWIJYKEGMX]GSIJJMGMIRXERHXLIPMUYMHTLEWI
best results when they are EGXMZMX]GSIJJMGMIRXMWGEPGYPEXIHJVSQXLIJSPPS[MRKI\TVIWWMSR
applied in the operating
region for which the
interaction parameters were yi
regressed. K i = ----
xi
γi fi° %
= ----------
Pφ i

where: γi = liquid phase activity coefficient of component i

fi° = standard state fugacity of component i

P = system pressure

φi = vapour phase fugacity coefficient of component i

%PXLSYKLJSVMHIEPWSPYXMSRWXLIEGXMZMX]GSIJJMGMIRXMWYRMX]JSVQSWX
GLIQMGEPRSRMHIEPW]WXIQWXLMWETTVS\MQEXMSRMWMRGSVVIGX
(MWWMQMPEVGLIQMGEPWRSVQEPP]I\LMFMXRSXSRP]PEVKIHIZMEXMSRWJVSQER
MHIEPWSPYXMSRFYXXLIHIZMEXMSRMWEPWSJSYRHXSFIEWXVSRKJYRGXMSRSJ
XLIGSQTSWMXMSR8SEGGSYRXJSVXLMWRSRMHIEPMX]EGXMZMX]QSHIPW[IVI
HIZIPSTIHXSTVIHMGXXLIEGXMZMX]GSIJJMGMIRXWSJXLIGSQTSRIRXWMRXLI
PMUYMHTLEWI8LIHIVMZIHGSVVIPEXMSRW[IVIFEWIHSRXLIexcess Gibbs
energy function[LMGLMWHIJMRIHEWXLISFWIVZIH+MFFWIRIVK]SJE
QM\XYVIMRI\GIWWSJ[LEXMX[SYPHFIMJXLIWSPYXMSRFILEZIHMHIEPP]EX
XLIWEQIXIQTIVEXYVIERHTVIWWYVI

*SVEQYPXMGSQTSRIRXQM\XYVIGSRWMWXMRKSJniQSPIWSJGSQTSRIRXi
XLIXSXEPI\GIWW+MFFWJVIIIRIVK]MWVITVIWIRXIHF]XLIJSPPS[MRK
I\TVIWWMSR

= RT ∑ ( n i ln γi )
E
G %

where: γi is the activity coefficient for component i

A-16
 Property Methods and Calculations A-17

8LIMRHMZMHYEPEGXMZMX]GSIJJMGMIRXWJSVER]W]WXIQGERFISFXEMRIHJVSQ
EHIVMZIHI\TVIWWMSRJSVI\GIWW+MFFWIRIVK]JYRGXMSRGSYTPIH[MXLXLI
+MFFW(YLIQIUYEXMSR8LIIEVP]QSHIPW1EVKYPIWZER0EEVTVSZMHI
ERIQTMVMGEPVITVIWIRXEXMSRSJXLII\GIWWJYRGXMSRXLEXPMQMXWXLIMV
ETTPMGEXMSR8LIRI[IVQSHIPWWYGLEW;MPWSRNRTLERHUNIQUAC
YXMPM^IXLIPSGEPGSQTSWMXMSRGSRGITXERHTVSZMHIERMQTVSZIQIRXMR
XLIMVKIRIVEPETTPMGEXMSRERHVIPMEFMPMX]%PPSJXLIWIQSHIPWMRZSPZIXLI
GSRGITXSJFMREV]MRXIVEGXMSRTEVEQIXIVWERHVIUYMVIXLEXXLI]FIJMXXIH
XSI\TIVMQIRXEPHEXE

7MRGIXLIMargulesERHvan LaarQSHIPWEVIPIWWGSQTPI\XLERXLI
WilsonNRTLERHUNIQUACQSHIPWXLI]VIUYMVIPIWW'49XMQIJSV
WSPZMRKJPEWLGEPGYPEXMSRW,S[IZIVXLIWIEVISPHIVERHQSVI
IQTMVMGEPP]FEWIHQSHIPWERHKIRIVEPP]KMZITSSVIVVIWYPXWJSVWXVSRKP]
RSRMHIEPQM\XYVIWWYGLEWEPGSLSPL]HVSGEVFSRW]WXIQWTEVXMGYPEVP]
JSVHMPYXIVIKMSRW8LIChien-NullQSHIPTVSZMHIWXLIEFMPMX]XS
MRGSVTSVEXIXLIHMJJIVIRXEGXMZMX]QSHIPW[MXLMREGSRWMWXIRX
XLIVQSH]REQMGJVEQI[SVO)EGLFMREV]GERFIVITVIWIRXIHF]XLI
QSHIP[LMGLFIWXTVIHMGXWMXWFILEZMSYV8LIJSPPS[MRKXEFPIFVMIJP]
WYQQEVM^IWVIGSQQIRHIHQSHIPWJSVHMJJIVIRXETTPMGEXMSRWJSVE
QSVIHIXEMPIHVIZMI[VIJIVXSXLIXI\XW"The Properties of Gases &
Liquids" and "Molecular Thermodynamics of Fluid Phase Equilibria" )
 

APPLICATION Margules van Laar Wilson NRTL UNIQUAC

Binary Systems A A A A A
Multicomponent Systems LA LA A A A
Azeotropic Systems A A A A A
Liquid-Liquid Equilibria A A N/A A A
Dilute Systems ? ? A A A
Self-Associating Systems ? ? A A A
Polymers N/A N/A N/A N/A A
Extrapolation ? ? G G G

A = Applicable; N/A = Not Applicable;? = Questionable; G = Good;

LA = Limited Application

:ETSYVTLEWIRSRMHIEPMX]GERFIXEOIRMRXSEGGSYRXJSVIEGLEGXMZMX]
QSHIPF]WIPIGXMRKXLI6IHPMGL/[SRK4IRK6SFMRWSRSVSRK
IUYEXMSRWSJWXEXIEWXLIZETSYVTLEWIQSHIP;LIRSRISJXLI
IUYEXMSRWSJWXEXIMWYWIHJSVXLIZETSYVTLEWIXLIWXERHEVHJSVQSJ
XLI4S]RXMRKGSVVIGXMSRJEGXSVMWEP[E]WYWIHJSVPMUYMHTLEWI
GSVVIGXMSR-JHMQIVM^EXMSR[MPPSGGYVMRXLIZETSYVTLEWIXLI:MVMEP
IUYEXMSRSJWXEXIWLSYPHFIWIPIGXIHEWXLIZETSYVTLEWIQSHIP

A-17
A-18 Property Methods

8LIFMREV]TEVEQIXIVWVIUYMVIHJSVXLIEGXMZMX]QSHIPWLEZIFIIR
Please note that all of the VIKVIWWIHFEWIHSRXLI:0)HEXEGSPPIGXIHJVSQDECHEMA'LIQMWXV]
binary parameters in HYSYS’ (EXE7IVMIW 8LIVIEVISZIVJMXXIHFMREV]TEMVWMRXLI,=7=7


library have been regressed

using an ideal gas model for PMFVEV]8LIWXVYGXYVIWSJEPPPMFVEV]GSQTSRIRXWETTPMGEFPIJSVXLI
the vapour phase. UNIFAC:0)IWXMQEXMSREVIEPWSMRXLIPMFVEV]8LI4S]RXMRKGSVVIGXMSR
JSVXLIPMUYMHTLEWIMWMKRSVIHMJMHIEPWSPYXMSRFILEZMSYVMWEWWYQIH

-J]SYEVIYWMRKXLIFYMPXMRFMREV]TEVEQIXIVWXLIMHIEPKEWQSHIP
Note that HYSYS’ internally WLSYPHFIYWIH%PPEGXMZMX]QSHIPW[MXLXLII\GITXMSRSJXLI;MPWSR
stored binary parameters have IUYEXMSRGEREYXSQEXMGEPP]GEPGYPEXIXLVIITLEWIWKMZIRXLIGSVVIGXWIX
NOT been regressed against SJIRIVK]TEVEQIXIVW8LIZETSYVTVIWWYVIWYWIHMRXLIGEPGYPEXMSRSJ
three phase equilibrium data.
XLIWXERHEVHWXEXIJYKEGMX]EVIFEWIHSRXLITYVIGSQTSRIRX
GSIJJMGMIRXWMR,=7=7kPMFVEV]YWMRKXLIQSHMJMIHJSVQSJXLI%RXSMRI
IUYEXMSR

;LIR]SYVWIPIGXIHGSQTSRIRXWI\LMFMXHMQIVM^EXMSRMRXLIZETSYV
TLEWIXLIVirialSTXMSRWLSYPHFIWIPIGXIHEWXLIZETSYVTLEWIQSHIP
,=7=7GSRXEMRWJMXXIHTEVEQIXIVWJSVQER]GEVFS\]PMGEGMHWERHGER
IWXMQEXIZEPYIWJVSQTYVIGSQTSRIRXTVSTIVXMIWMJXLIRIGIWWEV]
TEVEQIXIVWEVIRSXEZEMPEFPI4PIEWIVIJIVXSSection A.2.3 - Activity
Model Vapour Phase OptionsJSVEHIXEMPIHHIWGVMTXMSRSJXLI:MVMEP
STXMSR

+IRIVEP6IQEVOW

8LIHYEPQSHIPETTVSEGLJSVWSPZMRKGLIQMGEPW]WXIQW[MXLEGXMZMX]
QSHIPWGERRSXFIYWIH[MXLXLIWEQIHIKVIISJJPI\MFMPMX]ERH
VIPMEFMPMX]XLEXXLIIUYEXMSRWSJWXEXIGERFIYWIHJSVL]HVSGEVFSR
W]WXIQW,S[IZIVWSQIGLIGOWGERFIHIZMWIHXSIRWYVIEKSSH
GSRJMHIRGIPIZIPMRTVSTIVX]TVIHMGXMSRW

• Check the property package selected for applicability for the

system considered and see how well it matches the pure
component vapour pressures. Although the predicted pure
component vapour pressures should normally be acceptable,
the parameters have been fitted over a large temperature
range. Improved accuracies can be attained by regressing the
parameters over the desired temperature range.
• The automatic UNIFAC generation of energy parameters in
HYSYS is a very useful tool and is available for all activity
models. However, it must be used with caution. The standard
fitted values in HYSYS will likely produce a better fit for the
binary system than the parameters generated by UNIFAC. As
a general rule, use the UNIFAC generated parameters only as
a last resort.

A-18
 Property Methods and Calculations A-19

• Always use experimental data to regress the energy

parameters when possible. The energy parameters in HYSYS
have been regressed from experimental data, however,
improved fits are still possible by fitting the parameters for the
narrow operating ranges anticipated. The regressed
parameters are based on data taken at atmospheric pressures.
Exercise caution when extrapolating to higher or lower
pressure (vacuum) applications.
• Check the accuracy of the model for azeotropic systems.
Additional fitting may be required to match the azeotrope with
acceptable accuracy. Check not only for the temperature, but
for the composition as well.
• If three phase behaviour is suspected, additional fitting of the
parameters may be required to reliably reproduce the VLLE
equilibrium conditions.
• An improvement in matching equilibrium data can be attained
by including a temperature dependency of the energy
parameters. However, depending on the validity or range of fit,
this can lead to misleading results when extrapolating beyond
the fitted temperature range.

&]HIJEYPX,=7=7VIKVIWWIW320=XLIaijTEVEQIXIVW[LMPIXLIbij
TEVEQIXIVWEVIWIXXS^IVSMIXLIaijXIVQMWEWWYQIHXSFI
Please note that the activities
for the unknown binaries are XIQTIVEXYVIMRHITIRHIRX%XIQTIVEXYVIHITIRHIRG]GERFI
generated at pre-selected MRGSVTSVEXIHF]WYTTP]MRKEZEPYIJSVXLIbijXIVQ8LIQEXVM\JSVXLIbij
compositions and the ZEPYIWEVIHMWTPE]IHF]GLSSWMRKXLIBijVEHMSFYXXSRXSW[MXGLQEXVMGIW
supplied UNIFAC reference
temperature. RSXIXLI^IVSSVFPEROIRXVMIWJSVEPPXLIFMREV]TEMVW

;LIRYWMRKXLINRTLGeneral NRTLSVExtended NRTLIUYEXMSRW

QSVIXLERX[SQEXVMGIWEVIEZEMPEFPI-RKIRIVEPXLIWIGSRHQEXVM\MW
XLIBij QEXVM\ERHXLIXLMVHQEXVM\MWXLIα TEVEQIXIV[LIVIα !α 
MN MN NM

%R]GSQTSRIRXTEMV[MXLERaijZEPYI[MPPLEZIEREWWSGMEXIHαZEPYI

-QQMWGMFPI
8LMWSTXMSRMWMRGPYHIHJSVQSHIPPMRKXLIWSPYFMPMX]SJWSPYXIWMRX[S
GSI\MWXMRKPMUYMHTLEWIWXLEXEVIVIPEXMZIP]MQQMWGMFPI[MXLSRI
The Wilson equation does not
ERSXLIVWYGLEWE, 3L]HVSGEVFSRW]WXIQ-RXLMWW]WXIQXLI

support LLE equilibrium.
L]HVSGEVFSRGSQTSRIRXWWSPYXIWEVIVIPEXMZIP]MRWSPYFPIMRXLI[EXIV
TLEWIWSPZIRX[LIVIEWXLIWSPYFMPMX]SJXLI, 3MRXLIL]HVSGEVFSR


TLEWIGERFIGSQIQSVIWMKRMJMGERX8LIPMQMXIHQYXYEPWSPYFMPMX]
FILEZMSYVGERFIXEOIRMRXSEGGSYRX[LIRYWMRKER]EGXMZMX]QSHIP
[MXLXLII\GITXMSRSJ;MPWSR

8LMWJIEXYVIGERFIMQTPIQIRXIHJSVER]WMRKPIGSQTSRIRXTEMVF]
YWMRKXLI-QQMWGMFPIVEHMSFYXXSR'SQTSRIRXi[MPPFIMRWSPYFPI[MXL
GSQTSRIRXjFEWIHSRXLILMKLPMKLXIHGIPPPSGEXMSR%PXIVREXMZIP]]SY

A-19
A-20 Property Methods

GERLEZIEPPjGSQTSRIRXWXVIEXIHEWMRWSPYFPI[MXLGSQTSRIRXi
,=7=7[MPPVITPEGIXLIWXERHEVHFMREV]TEVEQIXIVW[MXLXLSWI
VIKVIWWIHWTIGMJMGEPP]JSVQEXGLMRKXLIWSPYFMPMXMIWSJXLIWSPYXIWMRFSXL
TLEWIWNote that both the aij and bij parameters are regressed with
this option.8LIWITEVEQIXIVW[IVIVIKVIWWIHJVSQXLIQYXYEP
WSPYFMPMX]HEXESJR' R' R' ERHR' MR, 3SZIVEXIQTIVEXYVI
    

VERKISJ/XS/

8LIWSPYFMPMX]SJ, 3MRXLIL]HVSGEVFSRTLEWIERHXLIWSPYFMPMX]SJXLI


L]HVSGEVFSRWMRXLI[EXIVTLEWI[MPPFIGEPGYPEXIHFEWIHSRXLIJMXXIH
FMREV]TEVEQIXIVWVIKVIWWIHJVSQXLIWSPYFMPMX]HEXEVIJIVIRGIHEFSZI

'LMIR2YPP
8LI'LMIR2YPPQSHIPTVSZMHIWEGSRWMWXIRXJVEQI[SVOJSVETTP]MRK
I\MWXMRKEGXMZMX]QSHIPWSREFMREV]F]FMREV]FEWMW-RXLMWQERRIVXLI
'LMIR2YPPQSHIPEPPS[W]SYXSWIPIGXXLIFIWXEGXMZMX]QSHIPJSVIEGL
TEMVMRXLIGEWI

8LI'LMIR2YPPQSHIPEPPS[WWIXWSJGSIJJMGMIRXWJSVIEGLGSQTSRIRX
TEMVEGGIWWMFPIZMEXLIABERHCGSIJJMGMIRXQEXVMGIW4PIEWIVIJIVXS
XLIJSPPS[MRKWIGXMSRWJSVERI\TPEREXMSRSJXLIXIVQWJSVIEGLSJXLI
QSHIPW

'LMIR2YPP*SVQ

8LI'LMIR2YPPKIRIVEPM^IHQYPXMGSQTSRIRXIUYEXMSRGERFI
I\TVIWWIHEW

     
 ∑ Aj, i x j   ∑ A j, i x j   ∑ A j, k x j   ∑ R j, k x j 
     
j j j j
= -------------------------------------------------------- + ∑ x k ------------------------------------------------------------- ⋅
L
2 ln Γ i
     
 ∑ Aj, i x j  ∑ A j, i x j k  ∑ S j, k x j  ∑ V j, i x j
      
j j j j %

Ai, k Ri, k S i, k Vi, k

----------------------
- + ----------------------
- – ---------------------
- – ----------------------
-
∑ j, k j ∑ j, k j ∑ j, k j ∑ j, k j
A x R x S x V x
j j j j

)EGLSJXLITEVEQIXIVWMRXLMWIUYEXMSREVIHIJMRIHWTIGMJMGEPP]JSVIEGL
SJXLIETTPMGEFPIEGXMZMX]QIXLSHW

A-20
 Property Methods and Calculations A-21

(IWGVMTXMSRSJ8IVQW

8LI6IKYPEV7SPYXMSRIUYEXMSRYWIWXLIJSPPS[MRK

L 2
vi ( δi – δj ) A i, j
Ai, j = ---------------------------- R i, j = -------- V i, j = Ri, j S i, j = Ri, j %
RT A j, i

δ MWXLIWSPYFMPMX]TEVEQIXIVMRGEPGQ  ERHviLMWXLIWEXYVEXIH

M
 £

PMUYMHZSPYQIMRGQ QSPGEPGYPEXIHJVSQ 

L
v i = v ω, i ( 5.7 + 3T r, i ) %

8LIZER0EEV1EVKYPIWERH7GEXGLEVH,EQIVYWIXLIJSPPS[MRK

Model Ai,j Ri,j Si,j Vi,j

van Laar ∞ A i, j
ln γ i, j -------- R i, j R i, j
A j, i
Margules ∞
2 ln γ i, j A i, j 1
------------------------------- -------- 1
∞ A j, i
 ln γi, j 
1 +  --------------- -
 ln γj∞ ,i


Scatchard Hamer ∞
2 ln γ i, j ∞ ∞
------------------------------- A i, j vi vi
∞
 ln γi, j  --------
A j, i
------
∞
------
∞
1 +  --------------- - vj vj
 ln γj∞ ,i


*SVXLIZER0EEV1EVKYPIWERH7GEXGLEVH,EQIVIUYEXMSRW

∞ b i, j
ln γ i, j = a i, j + -------- + c ij T %
T

If you have regressed

where: T must be in K.
parameters using HYPROP for
any of the Activity Models
supported under the Chien 2SXIXLEXXLMWIUYEXMSRMWSJEHMJJIVIRXJSVQXLERXLISVMKMREPZER0EEV
Null, they will not be read in. ERH1EVKYPIWIUYEXMSRWMR,=7=7[LMGLYXMPM^IHERa + bT
VIPEXMSRWLMT,S[IZIVWMRGI,=7=7SRP]GSRXEMRWaijZEPYIWXLI
HMJJIVIRGIWLSYPHRSXGEYWITVSFPIQW

A-21
A-22 Property Methods

8LI2680JSVQJSVXLI'LMIR2YPPYWIW

b i, j
Ai, j = 2τ i, j Vi, j R i, j = 1 V i, j = exp ( – c i, j τ i, j ) S i, j = 1 τ i, j = a i, j + ------------ %
T( K)

8LII\TVIWWMSRJSVXLIτXIVQYRHIVXLI'LMIR2YPPMRGSVTSVEXIWXLI6
XIVQSJ,=7=7kNRTLMRXSXLIZEPYIWJSVaij ERHbij%WWYGLXLIZEPYIW
MRMXMEPM^IHJSVNRTLYRHIV'LMIR2YPP[MPPRSXFIXLIWEQIEWJSVXLI
VIKYPEVNRTL;LIR]SYWIPIGXNRTLJSVEFMREV]TEMVaij[MPPFIIQTX]
IWWIRXMEPP]IUYMZEPIRXXSXLIVIKYPEVNRTLbijXIVQbij[MPPFI
MRMXMEPM^IHERHcij[MPPFIXLIαXIVQJSVXLISVMKMREP2680ERH[MPPFI
EWWYQIHXSFIW]QQIXVMG

8LI+IRIVEP'LMIR2YPPIUYEXMSRMW

b i, j Ai, j
A i, j = a i, j + ------------ Ri, j = -------- V i, j = Ci, j S i, j = C i, j %
T(K ) Aj, i

-REPPGEWIW

A i, i = 0 R i, i = S i, i = Vi, i = 1 %

;MXLXLII\GITXMSRSJXLI6IKYPEV7SPYXMSRSTXMSREPPQSHIPWGER
YXMPM^IGSRWXERXWai,j, aj,i, bi,j, bj,i, ci,jERH cj,i JSVIEGLGSQTSRIRXTEMV
*SVEPPQSHIPWMJXLIGSRWXERXWEVIYRORS[RXLI]GERFIIWXMQEXIH
MRXIVREPP]JVSQXLIUNIFAC:0)SV00)QIXLSHWXLI-RWSPYFPISTXMSR
SVYWMRK,IRV]kW0E[GSIJJMGMIRXWJSVETTVSTVMEXIGSQTSRIRXW*SVXLI
KIRIVEP'LMIR2YPPQSHIPXLIcijkWEVIEWWYQIHXSFI

)\XIRHIHERH+IRIVEP2680
8LI)\XIRHIHERH+IRIVEP NRTLQSHIPWEVIZEVMEXMSRWSJXLINRTL
QSHIP1SVIFMREV]MRXIVEGXMSRTEVEQIXIVWEVIYWIHMRHIJMRMRKXLI
GSQTSRIRXEGXMZMX]GSIJJMGMIRXW=SYQE]ETTP]IMXLIVQSHIPXS
W]WXIQW

• with a wide boiling point range between components.

• where you require simultaneous solution of VLE and LLE, and
there exists a wide boiling point range or concentration range
between components.

A-22
 Property Methods and Calculations A-23

;MXLXLIGeneral NRTLQSHIP]SYGERWTIGMJ]XLIJSVQEXJSVXLI
The equations options can be )UYEXMSRWSJτij ERHaij XSFIER]SJXLIJSPPS[MRK
viewed in the Display Form
drop down list on the Binary
Coeffs tab of the Fluid τij and αij Options
Package property view.
Bij C ij
τ ij = A ij + ------ + ------2- + Fij T + Gij ln ( T )
T T
α ij = Alp1 ij + Alp2 ij T

Bij
Aij + ------
T
τij = --------------------
RT
α ij = Alp1 ij

Bij
τ ij = A ij + ------ + F ij T + G ij ln ( T )
T
α ij = Alp1 ij + Alp2 ij T

Cij
τ ij = Aij + Bij t + -------
T
α ij = Alp1 ij + Alp2 ij T
where: T is in K and t is °C
Bij
τ ij = Aij + ------
T
α ij = Alp1 ij

(ITIRHMRKSR[LMGLJSVQSJXLIIUYEXMSRWXLEX]SYLEZIGLSWIR]SY
[MPPFIEFPIXSWTIGMJ]ZEPYIWJSVXLIHMJJIVIRXGSQTSRIRXIRIVK]
TEVEQIXIVW8LI+IRIVEPNRTLQSHIPTVSZMHIWVEHMSFYXXSRWSRXLI
Binary CoeffsXEF[LMGLEGGIWWXLIQEXVMGIWJSVXLIAij, Bij, Cij, Fij, Gij,
Alp1ij ERHAlp2ijIRIVK]TEVEQIXIVW

A-23
A-24 Property Methods

8LIExtended NRTLQSHIPEPPS[W]SYXSMRTYXZEPYIWJSVXLIAij, Bij, Cij,

Alp1ijERHAlp2ijIRIVK]TEVEQIXIVWF]WIPIGXMRKXLIETTVSTVMEXIVEHMS
FYXXSR=SYHSRSXLEZIEGLSMGISJIUYEXMSRJSVQEXJSVτij ERHαij8LI

JSPPS[MRKMWYWIH

Cij
τ ij =  Aij + Bij t + -------
 T %
α ij = Alp1 ij + Alp2 ij

where: T is in K

t is in °C

1EVKYPIW
The equation should not be
8LI1EVKYPIWIUYEXMSR[EWXLIJMVWX+MFFWI\GIWWIRIVK]
used for extrapolation beyond
the range over which the VITVIWIRXEXMSRHIZIPSTIH8LIIUYEXMSRHSIWRSXLEZIER]XLISVIXMGEP
energy parameters have been FEWMWFYXMWYWIJYPJSVUYMGOIWXMQEXIWERHHEXEMRXIVTSPEXMSR,=7=7
fitted. LEWERI\XIRHIHQYPXMGSQTSRIRX1EVKYPIWIUYEXMSR[MXLYTXSJSYV
EHNYWXEFPITEVEQIXIVWTIVFMREV]

8LIJSYVEHNYWXEFPITEVEQIXIVWJSVXLI1EVKYPIWIUYEXMSRMR,=7=7EVI
XLIaijERHajiXIQTIVEXYVIMRHITIRHIRXERHXLIb ERHb XIVQW MN NM

XIQTIVEXYVIHITIRHIRX8LIIUYEXMSR[MPPYWITEVEQIXIVZEPYIW
WXSVIHMR,=7=7SVER]YWIVWYTTPMIHZEPYIJSVJYVXLIVJMXXMRKXLI
IUYEXMSRXSEKMZIRWIXSJHEXE

8LI1EVKYPIWEGXMZMX]GSIJJMGMIRXQSHIPMWVITVIWIRXIHF]XLIJSPPS[MRK
IUYEXMSR

2
ln γ i = [ 1.0 – x i ] [ A i + 2x i ( Bi – A i ) ] %

where: γi = activity coefficient of component i

xi = mole fraction of component i

n
( a ij + b ij T )
Ai = ∑ xj --------------------------
( 1.0 – x i )
-
j=1

n
( a ji + b ji T )
Bi = ∑ xj --------------------------
( 1.0 – x i )
-
j=1

A-24
 Property Methods and Calculations A-25

T = temperature (K)

n = total number of components

aij = non-temperature dependent energy parameter between

components i and j

bij = temperature dependent energy parameter between

components i and j [1/K]

aji = non-temperature dependent energy parameter between

components j and i

bji = temperature dependent energy parameter between

components j and i [1/K]

2680
8LINRTL2SR6ERHSQ8[S0MUYMHIUYEXMSRTVSTSWIHF]6IRSR
ERH4VEYWRMX^MRMWERI\XIRWMSRSJXLISVMKMREP;MPWSRIUYEXMSR-X
YWIWWXEXMWXMGEPQIGLERMGWERHXLIPMUYMHGIPPXLISV]XSVITVIWIRXXLI
PMUYMHWXVYGXYVI8LIWIGSRGITXWGSQFMRIH[MXL;MPWSRkWPSGEP
GSQTSWMXMSRQSHIPTVSHYGIERIUYEXMSRGETEFPISJVITVIWIRXMRK:0)
00)ERH:00)TLEWIFILEZMSYV0MOIXLI;MPWSRIUYEXMSRXLINRTLMW
XLIVQSH]REQMGEPP]GSRWMWXIRXERHGERFIETTPMIHXSXIVREV]ERH
LMKLIVSVHIVW]WXIQWYWMRKTEVEQIXIVWVIKVIWWIHJVSQFMREV]
IUYMPMFVMYQHEXE-XLEWEREGGYVEG]GSQTEVEFPIXSXLI;MPWSR
IUYEXMSRJSV:0)W]WXIQW

Unlike the van Laar equation,

8LINRTLIUYEXMSRMR,=7=7GSRXEMRWJMZIEHNYWXEFPITEVEQIXIVW
NRTL can be used for dilute
systems and hydrocarbon- XIQTIVEXYVIHITIRHIRXERHMRHITIRHIRXJSVJMXXMRKTIVFMREV]TEMV
alcohol mixtures, although it 8LINRTLGSQFMRIWXLIEHZERXEKIWSJXLI;MPWSRERHZER0EEV
may not be as good for IUYEXMSRWERHPMOIXLIZER0EEVIUYEXMSRMXMWRSXI\XVIQIP]'49
alcohol-hydrocarbon systems
as the Wilson equation. MRXIRWMZIERHGERVITVIWIRX00)UYMXI[IPP-XMWMQTSVXERXXSRSXIXLEX
FIGEYWISJXLIQEXLIQEXMGEPWXVYGXYVISJXLINRTLIUYEXMSRMXGER
TVSHYGIIVVSRISYWQYPXMTPIQMWGMFMPMX]KETW

A-25
A-26 Property Methods

8LINRTL IUYEXMSRMR,=7=7LEWXLIJSPPS[MRKJSVQ

n  n 
 
∑ τji xj Gji  ∑ τ mj x m G mj 
n
x G  
ln γ i = ---------------------------- + ∑ ------------------------  τij – ------------------------------------
j=1 j ij m=1
%
n n  n 

∑ k ki ∑ k kj  ∑ k kj 
j=1
x G x G x G
k=1 k=1  k=1 

where: γi = activity coefficient of component i

G ij = exp [ – τ ij α ij ]
a ij + b ij T
τ ij = ----------------------
RT

xi = mole fraction of component i

T = temperature (K)

n = total number of components

aij = non-temperature dependent energy parameter between

components i and j (cal/gmol)

bij = temperature dependent energy parameter between

components i and j (cal/gmol-K)

αij = NRTL non-randomness constant for binary interaction

note that αij = αji for all binaries

8LIJMZIEHNYWXEFPITEVEQIXIVWJSVXLI NRTL IUYEXMSRMR,=7=7EVIXLI

aij, ajibij, bjiERHαijXIVQW8LIIUYEXMSR[MPPYWITEVEQIXIVZEPYIW
WXSVIHMR,=7=7SVER]YWIVWYTTPMIHZEPYIJSVJYVXLIVJMXXMRKXLI
IUYEXMSRXSEKMZIRWIXSJHEXE

92-59%'
8LIUNIQUAC92-ZIVWEP59%WM'LIQMGEPIUYEXMSRTVSTSWIHF]
%FVEQWERH4VEYWRMX^MRYWIWWXEXMWXMGEPQIGLERMGWERHXLIUYEWM
GLIQMGEPXLISV]SJ+YKKIRLIMQXSVITVIWIRXXLIPMUYMHWXVYGXYVI8LI
IUYEXMSRMWGETEFPISJVITVIWIRXMRK00):0)ERH:00)[MXLEGGYVEG]
GSQTEVEFPIXSXLINRTLIUYEXMSRFYX[MXLSYXXLIRIIHJSVERSR
VERHSQRIWWJEGXSV8LIUNIQUACIUYEXMSRMWWMKRMJMGERXP]QSVI
HIXEMPIHERHWSTLMWXMGEXIHXLERER]SJXLISXLIVEGXMZMX]QSHIPW-XW

A-26
 Property Methods and Calculations A-27

QEMREHZERXEKIMWXLEXEKSSHVITVIWIRXEXMSRSJFSXL:0)ERH00)GER
FISFXEMRIHJSVEPEVKIVERKISJRSRIPIGXVSP]XIQM\XYVIWYWMRKSRP]X[S
EHNYWXEFPITEVEQIXIVWTIVFMREV]8LIJMXXIHTEVEQIXIVWYWYEPP]I\LMFMX
EWQEPPIVXIQTIVEXYVIHITIRHIRGI[LMGLQEOIWXLIQQSVIZEPMHJSV
I\XVETSPEXMSRTYVTSWIW

8LIUNIQUACIUYEXMSRYXMPM^IWXLIGSRGITXSJPSGEPGSQTSWMXMSREW
TVSTSWIHF];MPWSR7MRGIXLITVMQEV]GSRGIRXVEXMSRZEVMEFPIMWE
WYVJEGIJVEGXMSREWSTTSWIHXSEQSPIJVEGXMSRMXMWETTPMGEFPIXS
W]WXIQWGSRXEMRMRKQSPIGYPIWSJZIV]HMJJIVIRXWM^IWERHWLETIWYGLEW
TSP]QIVWSPYXMSRW8LIUNIQUACIUYEXMSRGERFIETTPMIHXSE[MHI
VERKISJQM\XYVIWGSRXEMRMRK, 3EPGSLSPWRMXVMPIWEQMRIWIWXIVW


OIXSRIWEPHIL]HIWLEPSKIREXIHL]HVSGEVFSRWERHL]HVSGEVFSRW

,=7=7GSRXEMRWXLIJSPPS[MRKJSYVTEVEQIXIVI\XIRHIHJSVQSJXLI
UNIQUAC IUYEXMSR8LIJSYVEHNYWXEFPITEVEQIXIVWJSVXLIUNIQUAC
IUYEXMSRMR,=7=7EVIXLIaijERHajiXIVQWXIQTIVEXYVIMRHITIRHIRX
ERHXLIbijERHbji XIVQWXIQTIVEXYVIHITIRHIRX8LIIUYEXMSR[MPP
YWITEVEQIXIVZEPYIWWXSVIHMR,=7=7SVER]YWIVWYTTPMIHZEPYIJSV
JYVXLIVJMXXMRKXLIIUYEXMSRXSEKMZIRWIXSJHEXE

 
 
Φi θi θi n  n  n 
θ τ 
ln γi = ln  ------ + 0.5Zq i ln  ------ + L i –  ------ ∑ Lj xj + qi  1.0 – ln ∑ θj τji – q i ∑  -----------------------
j ij
 xi   Φ i  Φ i   %
  j = 1
n 
 ∑ k kj
j=1 j=1
θ τ
 k=1 

where: γi = activity coefficient of component i

xi = mole fraction of component i

T = temperature (K)

n = total number of components

Lj = 0.5Z(rj-qj)-rj+1
qi xi
θ i = ----------------
∑ qj xj
a ij + b ij T
τ ij = exp – ----------------------
RT

Z = 10.0 co-ordination number

A-27
A-28 Property Methods

aij = non-temperature dependent energy parameter between

components i and j (cal/gmol)

bij = temperature dependent energy parameter between

components i and j (cal/gmol-K)

qi = van der Waals area parameter - Awi /(2.5e9)

Aw = van der Waals area

ri = van der Waals volume parameter - Vwi /(15.17)

Vw = van der Waals volume

ZER0EEV
8LIZER0EEVIUYEXMSR[EWXLIJMVWX+MFFWI\GIWWIRIVK]VITVIWIRXEXMSR
[MXLTL]WMGEPWMKRMJMGERGI8LIZER0EEVIUYEXMSRMR,=7=7MWE
QSHMJMIHJSVQSJXLEXHIWGVMFIHMR4LEWI)UYMPMFVMYQMR4VSGIWW
(IWMKRF],62YPP8LMWIUYEXMSRJMXWQER]W]WXIQWUYMXI[IPP
TEVXMGYPEVP]JSV00)GSQTSRIRXHMWXVMFYXMSRW-XGERFIYWIHJSV
W]WXIQWXLEXI\LMFMXTSWMXMZISVRIKEXMZIHIZMEXMSRWJVSQ6ESYPXkW0E[
LS[IZIVMXGERRSXTVIHMGXQE\MQESVQMRMQEMRXLIEGXMZMX]
GSIJJMGMIRX8LIVIJSVIMXKIRIVEPP]TIVJSVQWTSSVP]JSVW]WXIQW[MXL
LEPSKIREXIHL]HVSGEVFSRWERHEPGSLSPW(YIXSXLIIQTMVMGEPREXYVISJ
The van Laar equation also XLIIUYEXMSRGEYXMSRWLSYPHFII\IVGMWIHMREREP]^MRKQYPXM
performs poorly for dilute
systems and CANNOT
GSQTSRIRXW]WXIQW-XEPWSLEWEXIRHIRG]XSTVIHMGXX[SPMUYMHTLEWIW
represent many common [LIRXLI]HSRSXI\MWX
systems, such as alcohol-
hydrocarbon mixtures, with 8LIZER0EEVIUYEXMSRLEWWSQIEHZERXEKIWSZIVXLISXLIVEGXMZMX]
acceptable accuracy.
QSHIPWMRXLEXMXVIUYMVIWPIWW'49XMQIERHGERVITVIWIRXPMQMXIH
QMWGMFMPMX]EW[IPPEWXLVIITLEWIIUYMPMFVMYQ,=7=7YWIWXLIJSPPS[MRK
I\XIRHIHQYPXMGSQTSRIRXJSVQSJXLIZER0EEVIUYEXMSR

2
ln γ i = A i [ 1.0 – z i ] ( 1.0 + Ei z i ) %

where: γi = activity coefficient of component i

xi = mole fraction of component i

T = temperature (K)

n = total number of components

A-28
 Property Methods and Calculations A-29

n ( a ij + b ij T )
Ai = ∑ x j ---------------------------
( 1.0 – x i )
j=1

n ( a ji + b ji T )
Bi = ∑ x j ---------------------------
( 1.0 – x i )
j=1

Ei = – 4.0 if Ai Bi < 0.0, otherwise 0.0

Ai xi
z i = -------------------------------------------------
[ Ai x i + Bi ( 1.0 – x i ) ]

aij = non-temperature dependent energy parameter between

components i and j

bij = temperature dependent energy parameter between

components i and j [1/K]

aji = non-temperature dependent energy parameter between

components j and i

bji = temperature dependent energy parameter between

components j and i [1/K]

8LIJSYVEHNYWXEFPITEVEQIXIVWJSVXLIZER0EEVIUYEXMSRMR,=7=7EVI
XLIaij, aji, bijERHbjiXIVQW8LIIUYEXMSR[MPPYWITEVEQIXIVZEPYIW
WXSVIHMR,=7=7SVER]YWIVWYTTPMIHZEPYIJSVJYVXLIVJMXXMRKXLI
IUYEXMSRXSEKMZIRWIXSJHEXE

;MPWSR

The Wilson equation CANNOT 8LI;MPWSRIUYEXMSRTVSTSWIHF]+VERX1;MPWSRMR[EWXLI

be used for problems involving JMVWXEGXMZMX]GSIJJMGMIRXIUYEXMSRXLEXYWIHXLIPSGEPGSQTSWMXMSRQSHIP
liquid-liquid equilibrium. XSHIVMZIXLI+MFFW)\GIWWIRIVK]I\TVIWWMSR-XSJJIVWE
XLIVQSH]REQMGEPP]GSRWMWXIRXETTVSEGLXSTVIHMGXMRKQYPXM
GSQTSRIRXFILEZMSYVJVSQVIKVIWWIHFMREV]IUYMPMFVMYQHEXE3YV
I\TIVMIRGIEPWSWLS[WXLEXXLI;MPWSRIUYEXMSRGERFII\XVETSPEXIH
[MXLVIEWSREFPIGSRJMHIRGIXSSXLIVSTIVEXMRKVIKMSRW[MXLXLIWEQI
WIXSJVIKVIWWIHIRIVK]TEVEQIXIVW

%PXLSYKLXLI;MPWSRIUYEXMSRMWQSVIGSQTPI\ERHVIUYMVIWQSVI'49
XMQIXLERIMXLIVXLIZER0EEVSV1EVKYPIWIUYEXMSRWMXGERVITVIWIRX
EPQSWXEPPRSRMHIEPPMUYMHWSPYXMSRWWEXMWJEGXSVMP]I\GITXIPIGXVSP]XIW
ERHWSPYXMSRWI\LMFMXMRKPMQMXIHQMWGMFMPMX]00)SV:00)-XTIVJSVQW
ERI\GIPPIRXNSFSJTVIHMGXMRKXIVREV]IUYMPMFVMYQYWMRKTEVEQIXIVW
VIKVIWWIHJVSQFMREV]HEXESRP]8LI;MPWSRIUYEXMSR[MPPKMZIWMQMPEV

A-29
A-30 Property Methods

VIWYPXWEWXLI1EVKYPIWERHZER0EEVIUYEXMSRWJSV[IEORSRMHIEP
W]WXIQWFYXGSRWMWXIRXP]SYXTIVJSVQWXLIQJSVMRGVIEWMRKP]RSRMHIEP
W]WXIQW

Note that setting all four 8LI;MPWSRIUYEXMSRMR,=7=7VIUYMVIWX[SXSJSYVEHNYWXEFPI

parameters to zero does not TEVEQIXIVWTIVFMREV]8LIJSYVEHNYWXEFPITEVEQIXIVWJSVXLI;MPWSR
reduce the binary to an ideal
solution, but maintains a
IUYEXMSRMR,=7=7EVIXLIaijERHajiXIQTIVEXYVIMRHITIRHIRXXIVQW
small effect due to molecular ERHXLIbij ERHbjiXIVQWXIQTIVEXYVIHITIRHIRX(ITIRHMRKYTSR


size differences represented by XLIEZEMPEFPIMRJSVQEXMSRXLIXIQTIVEXYVIHITIRHIRXTEVEQIXIVWQE]

the ratio of molar volumes. FIWIXXS^IVS

%PXLSYKLXLI;MPWSRIUYEXMSRGSRXEMRWXIVQWJSVXIQTIVEXYVI
HITIRHIRG]GEYXMSRWLSYPHFII\IVGMWIH[LIRI\XVETSPEXMRK8LI
;MPWSREGXMZMX]QSHIPMR,=7=7LEWXLIJSPPS[MRKJSVQ

n n x k A ki
ln γi = 1.0 – ln ∑ x j A ij – ∑ ---------------------
n
- %
j=1 k=1
∑ xj Akj
j=1

where: γi = activity coefficient of component i

Vj ( a ij + b ij T )
Aij = ----- exp – ---------------------------
Vi RT

xi = mole fraction of component i

T = temperature (K)

n = total number of components

aij = non-temperature dependent energy parameter between

components i and j (cal/gmol)

bij = temperature dependent energy parameter between

components i and j (cal/gmol-K)

Vi = molar volume of pure liquid component i in m3/kgmol

(litres/gmol)

8LIIUYEXMSR[MPPYWITEVEQIXIVZEPYIWWXSVIHMR,=7=7SVER]YWIV
WYTTPMIHZEPYIJSVJYVXLIVJMXXMRKXLIIUYEXMSRXSEKMZIRWIXSJHEXE

A-30
 Property Methods and Calculations A-31

,IRV]kW0E[
,IRV]kW0E[GERRSXFIWIPIGXIHI\TPMGMXP]EWETVSTIVX]QIXLSHMR
,=7=7,S[IZIV,=7=7[MPPYWI,IRV]kW0E[[LIREREGXMZMX]QSHIPMW
WIPIGXIHERHRSRGSRHIRWEFPIGSQTSRIRXWEVIMRGPYHIH[MXLMRXLI
GSQTSRIRXPMWX

,=7=7GSRWMHIVWXLIJSPPS[MRKGSQTSRIRXWRSRGSRHIRWEFPI

Component Simulation Name

CH 
Methane
C H  
Ethane
C H  
Ethylene
C H  
Acetylene
H 
Hydrogen
He Helium
Ar Argon
N 
Nitrogen
O2 Oxygen
NO NO
H S 
H S


CO 
CO 

CO CO

8LII\XIRHIH,IRV]kW0E[IUYEXMSRMR,=7=7MWYWIHXSQSHIPHMPYXI
WSPYXIWSPZIRXMRXIVEGXMSRW2SRGSRHIRWEFPIGSQTSRIRXWEVI
HIJMRIHEWXLSWIGSQTSRIRXWXLEXLEZIGVMXMGEPXIQTIVEXYVIWFIPS[XLI
XIQTIVEXYVISJXLIW]WXIQ]SYEVIQSHIPPMRK8LIIUYEXMSRLEWXLI
JSPPS[MRKJSVQ

B
ln H ij = A + --- + C ln ( T ) + DT %
T

where: i = solute or "non-condensable" component

j = solvent or condensable component

Hij = Henry’s coefficient between i and j in kPa

A = A coefficient entered as aij in the parameter matrix

B = B coefficient entered as aji in the parameter matrix

A-31
A-32 Property Methods

C = C coefficient entered as bij in the parameter matrix

D = D coefficient entered as bji in the parameter matrix

T = temperature in degrees K

%RI\EQTPISJXLIYWISJ,IRV]kW0E[GSIJJMGMIRXWMWMPPYWXVEXIHFIPS[
8LI2680EGXMZMX]QSHIPMWWIPIGXIHEWXLITVSTIVX]QIXLSH8LIVIEVI
XLVIIGSQTSRIRXWMRXLI*PYMH4EGOEKISRISJ[LMGLIXLERIMWE
RSRGSRHIRWEFPIGSQTSRIRX3RXLIBinary CoeffsXEFSJXLI*PYMH
4EGOEKITVSTIVX]ZMI[]SYGERZMI[XLI,IRV]kW0E[GSIJJMGMIRXWJSV
XLIMRXIVEGXMSRSJIXLERIERHXLISXLIVGSQTSRIRXW&]WIPIGXMRKXLI
AijVEHMSFYXXSR]SYGERZMI[IHMXXLI AERHBGSIJJMGMIRXW'LSSWIXLI
BijVEHMSFYXXSRXSIRXIVSVZMI[XLICERHDGSIJJMGMIRXWMRXLI,IRV]kW
0E[IUYEXMSR

Figure A.3
C2 is a "non-condensable" Henry’s Law B Henry’s Law D
component. Henry’s Law will be coefficient for the coefficient for the
used for the interaction between interaction interaction
C2 and the other components in between C2 and between C2 and
the Fluid Package. H2O. H2O.

HYSYS does not contain Henry’s Law A Normal binary Henry’s Law C
a pre-fitted Henry’s Law coefficient for the interaction coefficient for the
A coefficient for the interaction coefficient for the interaction
ethane/ethanol pair. You between C2 and HO/Ethanol pair. between C2 and
can estimate it or provide H2O. H2O.
your own value.

-J,=7=7HSIWRSXGSRXEMRTVIJMXXIH,IRV]kW0E[GSIJJMGMIRXWERH
,IRV]kW0E[HEXEMWRSXEZEMPEFPI,=7=7[MPPIWXMQEXIXLIQMWWMRK
GSIJJMGMIRXW8SIWXMQEXIEGSIJJMGMIRX%SV&MRXLMWGEWIWIPIGXXLIAij
VEHMSFYXXSRLMKLPMKLXEFMREV]TEMVERHTVIWWXLIIndividual Pair
FYXXSR8LIGSIJJMGMIRXWEVIVIKVIWWIHXSJYKEGMXMIWGEPGYPEXIHYWMRKXLI
'LES7IEHIV4VEYWRMX^7LEMVGSVVIPEXMSRWJSVWXERHEVHWXEXIJYKEGMX]
ERH6IKYPEV7SPYXMSR8SWYTTP]]SYVS[RGSIJJMGMIRXW]SYQYWXIRXIV
XLIQHMVIGXP]MRXSXLIAijERHBij QEXVMGIWEWWLS[RTVIZMSYWP]

2SMRXIVEGXMSRFIX[IIRRSRGSRHIRWEFPIGSQTSRIRXTEMVWMWXEOIR
MRXSEGGSYRXMRXLI:0)GEPGYPEXMSRW

A-32
 Property Methods and Calculations A-33

% %GXMZMX]1SHIP:ETSYV
4LEWI3TXMSRW
8LIVIEVIWIZIVEPQSHIPWEZEMPEFPIJSVGEPGYPEXMRKXLI:ETSYV4LEWIMR
GSRNYRGXMSR[MXLXLIWIPIGXIHPMUYMHEGXMZMX]QSHIP8LIGLSMGI[MPP
HITIRHSRWTIGMJMGGSRWMHIVEXMSRWSJ]SYVW]WXIQ,S[IZIVMRGEWIW
[LIR]SYEVISTIVEXMRKEXQSHIVEXITVIWWYVIWPIWWXLEREXQ
GLSSWMRK-HIEP+EWWLSYPHFIWEXMWJEGXSV]8LIGLSMGIWEVI

-HIEP
8LIMHIEPKEWPE[[MPPFIYWIHXSQSHIPXLIZETSYVTLEWI8LMWQSHIPMW
ETTVSTVMEXIJSVPS[TVIWWYVIWERHJSVEZETSYVTLEWI[MXLPMXXPI
MRXIVQSPIGYPEVMRXIVEGXMSR

4IRK6SFMRWSR76/SV6/
8SQSHIPRSRMHIEPMXMIWMRXLIZETSYVTLEWIXLIPR, SRKSVRK
STXMSRWGERFIYWIHMRGSRNYRGXMSR[MXLEREGXMZMX]QSHIP8LIPRERH
SRKZETSYVTLEWIQSHIPWLERHPIXLIWEQIX]TIWSJWMXYEXMSRWEWXLI
PRERHSRKIUYEXMSRWSJWXEXI(VIJIVXSSection A.2.1 - Equations of
State)

;LIRWIPIGXMRKSRISJXLIWISTXMSRWPRSRKSVRKEWXLIZETSYV

TLEWIQSHIP]SYQYWXIRWYVIXLEXXLIFMREV]MRXIVEGXMSRTEVEQIXIVW
YWIHJSVXLIEGXMZMX]QSHIPVIQEMRETTPMGEFPI[MXLXLIGLSWIRZETSYV
QSHIP=SYQYWXOIITMRQMRHXLEXEPPXLIFMREV]TEVEQIXIVWMRXLI
,=7=70MFVEV]LEZIFIIRVIKVIWWIHYWMRKXLIMHIEPKEWZETSYVQSHIP

*SVETTPMGEXMSRW[LIVI]SYLEZIGSQTVIWWSVWSVXYVFMRIWFIMRK
QSHIPPIH[MXLMR]SYV*PS[WLIIXPRSV SRK[MPPFIWYTIVMSVXSIMXLIV
XLIRKSVMHIEPZETSYVQSHIP=SY[MPPSFXEMRQSVIEGGYVEXI
LSVWITS[IVZEPYIWF]YWMRKPR SVSRKEWPSRKEWXLIPMKLXGSQTSRIRXW
[MXLMR]SYV*PS[WLIIXGERFILERHPIHF]XLIWIPIGXIHZETSYVTLEWI
QSHIPMI' , SV' , EVIJMRIFYXEPGSLSPW[MPPRSXFIQSHIPPIH
   

GSVVIGXP]

A-33
A-34 Property Methods

:MVMEP
8LIVirial STXMSRIREFPIW]SYXSFIXXIVQSHIPZETSYVTLEWIJYKEGMXMIW
SJW]WXIQWHMWTPE]MRKWXVSRKZETSYVTLEWIMRXIVEGXMSRW8]TMGEPP]XLMW
SGGYVWMRW]WXIQWGSRXEMRMRKGEVFS\]PMGEGMHWSVGSQTSYRHWXLEXLEZI
XLIXIRHIRG]XSJSVQWXEFPI, FSRHWMRXLIZETSYVTLEWI-RXLIWI


GEWIWXLIJYKEGMX]GSIJJMGMIRXWLS[WPEVKIHIZMEXMSRWJVSQMHIEPMX]IZIR
EXPS[SVQSHIVEXITVIWWYVIW

,=7=7GSRXEMRWXIQTIVEXYVIHITIRHIRXGSIJJMGMIRXWJSVGEVFS\]PMG
EGMHW=SYGERSZIV[VMXIXLIWIF]GLERKMRKXLI%WWSGMEXMSR(ij)SV
7SPZEXMSR(ii)GSIJJMGMIRXWJVSQXLIHIJEYPXZEPYIW

-JXLIZMVMEPGSIJJMGMIRXWRIIHXSFIGEPGYPEXIH,=7=7GSRXEMRW
GSVVIPEXMSRWYXMPM^MRKXLIJSPPS[MRKTYVIGSQTSRIRXTVSTIVXMIW

• critical temperature
• critical pressure
• dipole moment
• mean radius of gyration
• association parameter
• association parameter for each binary pair

8LMWSTXMSRMWVIWXVMGXIHXSW]WXIQW[LIVIXLIHIRWMX]MWQSHIVEXI
X]TMGEPP]PIWWXLERone-halfXLIGVMXMGEPHIRWMX]8LIVirialIUYEXMSR
YWIHMWZEPMHJSVXLIJSPPS[MRKVERKI

m
∑ yi Pc i
T i=1
P ≤ --- --------------------
- %
2 m
∑ yi Tc i
i=1

% 7IQM)QTMVMGEP1IXLSHW
8LI'LES7IEHIV ERH+VE]WSR7XVIIH QIXLSHWEVISPHIVWIQM
 

IQTMVMGEPQIXLSHW8LIGSGSVVIPEXMSRMWERI\XIRWMSRSJXLICS
QIXLSH[MXLWTIGMEPIQTLEWMWSR, 3RP]XLIequilibrium results


TVSHYGIHF]XLIWIGSVVIPEXMSRWMWYWIHF],=7=78LILee-Kesler
QIXLSHMWYWIHJSVPMUYMHERHZETSYVIRXLEPTMIWERHIRXVSTMIWEWMXW
VIWYPXWLEZIFIIRWLS[RXSFIWYTIVMSVXSXLSWIKIRIVEXIHJVSQXLICS/
GSGSVVIPEXMSRW8LMWQIXLSHLEWEPWSFIIREHSTXIHF]ERHMW
VIGSQQIRHIHJSVYWIMRXLI%4-8IGLRMGEP(EXE&SSO

A-34
 Property Methods and Calculations A-35

8LIJSPPS[MRKXEFPIKMZIWERETTVS\MQEXIVERKISJETTPMGEFMPMX]JSV
XLIWIX[SQIXLSHWERHYRHIV[LEXGSRHMXMSRWXLI]EVIETTPMGEFPI

Method Temp. (°C) Temp. (°C) Press. (psia) Press. (kPa)

CS 0 to 500 18 to 260 < 1500 < 10000
GS 0 to 800 18 to 425 < 3000 < 20000

Conditions of Applicability
For all hydrocarbons (except 0.5 < Tri < 1.3 and Prmixture < 0.8
CH4):
If CH4 or H2 is present: • molal average Tr < 0.93
• CH4 mole fraction < 0.3
• mole fraction dissolved gases < 0.2
When predicting K values for:
Paraffinic or Olefinic Mixtures liquid phase aromatic mole fraction < 0.5
Aromatic Mixtures liquid phase aromatic mole fraction > 0.5

8LIGSGSVVIPEXMSRMWVIGSQQIRHIHJSVWMQYPEXMRKLIEZ]L]HVSGEVFSR
W]WXIQW[MXLELMKL, GSRXIRXWYGLEWL]HVSXVIEXMRKYRMXW8LIGS


GSVVIPEXMSRGEREPWSFIYWIHJSVWMQYPEXMRKXSTTMRKYRMXWERHLIEZ]
IRHWZEGYYQETTPMGEXMSRW8LIZETSYVTLEWIJYKEGMX]GSIJJMGMIRXWEVI
GEPGYPEXIH[MXLXLI6IHPMGL/[SRKIUYEXMSRSJWXEXI8LITYVIPMUYMH
JYKEGMX]GSIJJMGMIRXWEVIGEPGYPEXIHZMEXLITVMRGMTPISJGSVVIWTSRHMRK
WXEXIW1SHMJMIHEGIRXVMGJEGXSVWEVIMRGPYHIHMR,=7=7kGSPMFVEV]JSV
QSWXGSQTSRIRXW7TIGMEPJYRGXMSRWLEZIFIIRMRGSVTSVEXIHJSVXLI
GEPGYPEXMSRSJPMUYMHTLEWIJYKEGMXMIWJSV2 '3 ERH, 78LIWI
  

JYRGXMSRWEVIVIWXVMGXIHXSL]HVSGEVFSRQM\XYVIW[MXLPIWWXLERJMZI
TIVGIRXSJIEGLSJXLIEFSZIGSQTSRIRXW%W[MXLXLI:ETSYV4VIWWYVI
QSHIPW, 3MWXVIEXIHYWMRKEGSQFMREXMSRSJXLIWXIEQXEFPIWERHXLI


OIVSWIRIWSPYFMPMX]GLEVXWJVSQXLI%4-HEXEFSSO8LMWQIXLSHSJ
LERHPMRK, 3MWRSXZIV]EGGYVEXIJSVKEWW]WXIQW%PXLSYKLXLVII


TLEWIGEPGYPEXMSRWEVITIVJSVQIHJSVEPPW]WXIQWMXMWMQTSVXERXXSRSXI
XLEXXLIEUYISYWTLEWIMWEP[E]WXVIEXIHEWTYVI, 3[MXLXLIWI

GSVVIPEXMSRW

% :ETSYV4VIWWYVI4VSTIVX]
4EGOEKIW
:ETSYVTVIWWYVI/ZEPYIQSHIPWQE]FIYWIHJSVMHIEPQM\XYVIWEXPS[
TVIWWYVIW8LMWMRGPYHIWL]HVSGEVFSRW]WXIQWWYGLEWQM\XYVIWSJ
OIXSRIWSVEPGSLSPW[LIVIXLIPMUYMHTLEWIFILEZIWETTVS\MQEXIP]
MHIEP8LIQSHIPWQE]EPWSFIYWIHJSVJMVWXETTVS\MQEXMSRWJSVRSR
MHIEPW]WXIQW

A-35
A-36 Property Methods


8LI0II/IWPIVQSHIPMWYWIHJSVIRXLEPT]ERHIRXVST]
GEPGYPEXMSRWJSVEPPZETSYVTVIWWYVIQSHIPWERHEPPGSQTSRIRXW
[MXLXLII\GITXMSRSJ,3[LMGLMWXVIEXIHWITEVEXIP][MXLXLI
WXIEQTVSTIVX]GSVVIPEXMSR
%PPXLVIITLEWIGEPGYPEXMSRWEVITIVJSVQIHEWWYQMRKXLI
EUYISYWTLEWIMWTYVI,3ERHXLEX,3WSPYFMPMX]MRXLI
L]HVSGEVFSRTLEWIGERFIHIWGVMFIHYWMRKXLIOIVSWIRI
WSPYFMPMX]IUYEXMSRJVSQXLI%4-HEXEFSSO*MKYVI%

Because all of the Vapour :ETSYVTVIWWYVIWYWIHMRXLIGEPGYPEXMSRSJXLIWXERHEVHWXEXIJYKEGMX]

Pressure options assume an
ideal vapour phase, they are
EVIFEWIHSR,=7=7kPMFVEV]GSIJJMGMIRXWERHEQSHMJMIHJSVQSJXLI
classified as Vapour Pressure %RXSMRIIUYEXMSR:ETSYVTVIWWYVIGSIJJMGMIRXWJSVTWIYHS
Models. GSQTSRIRXWQE]FIIRXIVIHSVGEPGYPEXIHJVSQIMXLIVXLI0II/IWPIV
GSVVIPEXMSRJSVL]HVSGEVFSRWXLI+SQI^8LSHSWGSVVIPEXMSRJSV
GLIQMGEPGSQTSYRHWSVXLI6IMHIPIUYEXMSR

8LI:ETSYV4VIWWYVISTXMSRWMRGPYHIXLIModified Antoine, BraunK10

ERHEssoKTEGOEKIW

%TTVS\MQEXIVERKIWSJETTPMGEXMSRJSVIEGLZETSYVTVIWWYVIQSHIPEVI
KMZIRFIPS[

Model Temperature Press. (psia) Press. (kPa)

Mod. Antoine < 1.6 Tci < 100 < 700
BraunK10 0°F (-17.78°C) < 1.6 Tci < 100 < 700
EssoK < 1.6 Tci < 100 < 700

1SHMJMIH%RXSMRI:ETSYV4VIWWYVI1SHIP
8LIQSHMJMIH%RXSMRIIUYEXMSREWWYQIWXLIJSVQEWWIXSYXMRXLI
(-446HEXEFERO

B F
%
ln Pvap = A + ------------- + D ln T + ET
T+C

[LIVIA, B, C, D, EERHFEVIJMXXIHGSIJJMGMIRXWERHXLIYRMXWSJPvapERH
8EVIO4EERH/8LIWIGSIJJMGMIRXWEVIEZEMPEFPIJSVEPP,=7=7PMFVEV]
GSQTSRIRXW:ETSYVTVIWWYVIGSIJJMGMIRXWJSVTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXW
Note that all enthalpy and QE]FIIRXIVIHSVGEPGYPEXIHJVSQIMXLIVXLI0II/IWPIVGSVVIPEXMSRJSV
entropy calculations are
performed using the Lee-
L]HVSGEVFSRWXLI+SQI^8LSHSWGSVVIPEXMSRJSVGLIQMGEP
Kesler model. GSQTSYRHWSVXLI6IMHIPIUYEXMSR

A-36
 Property Methods and Calculations A-37

8LMWQSHIPMWETTPMGEFPIJSVPS[TVIWWYVIW]WXIQWXLEXFILEZIMHIEPP]
*SVL]HVSGEVFSRGSQTSRIRXWXLEX]SYLEZIRSXTVSZMHIHZETSYV
TVIWWYVIGSIJJMGMIRXWJSVXLIQSHIPGSRZIVXWXLI0II/IWPIVZETSYV
TVIWWYVIQSHIPHMVIGXP]%WWYGLGVYHIERHZEGYYQXS[IVWGERFI
QSHIPPIH[MXLXLMWIUYEXMSR;LIRYWMRKXLMWQIXLSHJSVWYTIVGVMXMGEP
GSQTSRIRXWMXMWVIGSQQIRHIHXLEXXLIZETSYVTVIWWYVIGSIJJMGMIRXW
FIVITPEGIH[MXL,IRV]kW0E[GSIJJMGMIRXW'LERKMRK:ETSYV4VIWWYVI
GSIJJMGMIRXWGERSRP]FIEGGSQTPMWLIHMJ]SYVGSQTSRIRXMWFIMRK
MRWXEPPIHEWE,]TSXLIXMGEP

&VEYR/1SHIP
8LI&VEYR/QSHIPMWWXVMGXP]ETTPMGEFPIXSLIEZ]L]HVSGEVFSR
W]WXIQWEXPS[TVIWWYVIW8LIQSHIPIQTPS]WXLI&VEYRGSRZIVKIRGI
TVIWWYVIQIXLSH[LIVIKMZIRXLIRSVQEPFSMPMRKTSMRXSJE
GSQTSRIRXXLI/ZEPYIMWGEPGYPEXIHEXW]WXIQXIQTIVEXYVIERH
TWME8LI/ZEPYIMWXLIRGSVVIGXIHJSVTVIWWYVIYWMRKTVIWWYVI
GSVVIGXMSRGLEVXW8LI/ZEPYIWJSVER]GSQTSRIRXWXLEXEVIRSX
GSZIVIHF]XLIGLEVXWEVIGEPGYPEXIHEXTWMEYWMRKXLIQSHMJMIH
The Lee-Kesler model is used %RXSMRIIUYEXMSRERHGSVVIGXIHXSW]WXIQGSRHMXMSRWYWMRKXLI
for enthalpy and entropy TVIWWYVIGSVVIGXMSRGLEVXW
calculations for all
components with the
exception of H2O which is
%GGYVEG]WYJJIVW[MXLXLMWQSHIPMJXLIVIEVIPEVKIEQSYRXWSJEGMH
treated with the steam tables. KEWIWSVPMKLXL]HVSGEVFSRW%PPXLVIITLEWIGEPGYPEXMSRWEWWYQIXLEX
XLIEUYISYWTLEWIMWTYVI, 3ERHXLEX, 3WSPYFMPMX]MRXLI
 

L]HVSGEVFSRTLEWIGERFIHIWGVMFIHYWMRKXLIOIVSWIRIWSPYFMPMX]
IUYEXMSRJVSQXLI%4-HEXEFSSO*MKYVI%

)WWS/1SHIP
8LI)WWS8EFYPEVQSHIPMWWXVMGXP]ETTPMGEFPIXSL]HVSGEVFSRW]WXIQWEX
PS[TVIWWYVIW8LIQSHIPIQTPS]WEQSHMJMGEXMSRSJXLI1E\[IPP
&SRRIPZETSYVTVIWWYVIQSHIPMRXLIJSPPS[MRKJSVQEX

∑ Ai x
i
log P vap = %

A-37
A-38 Property Methods

where: Ai = fitted constants

i
Tb i
----- – 0.0002867T b
i T
x = -------------------------------------------i
748.1 – 0.2145T b

Tbi = normal boiling point corrected to K = 12

T = absolute temperature
Note that the Lee-Kesler model
is used for enthalpy and K = Watson characterisation factor
entropy calculations for all
components with the
exception of H2O which is *SVLIEZ]L]HVSGEVFSRW]WXIQWXLIVIWYPXW[MPPFIGSQTEVEFPIXSXLI
treated with the steam tables. QSHMJMIH%RXSMRIIUYEXMSRWMRGIRSTVIWWYVIGSVVIGXMSRMWETTPMIH*SV
RSRL]HVSGEVFSRGSQTSRIRXWXLI/ZEPYIMWGEPGYPEXIHYWMRKXLI
%RXSMRIIUYEXMSR%GGYVEG]WYJJIVWMJXLIVIMWEPEVKIEQSYRXSJEGMH
KEWIWSVPMKLXL]HVSGEVFSRW%PPXLVIITLEWIGEPGYPEXMSRWEVITIVJSVQIH
EWWYQMRKXLIEUYISYWTLEWIMWTYVI, 3ERHXLEX, 3WSPYFMPMX]MRXLI
 

L]HVSGEVFSRTLEWIGERFIHIWGVMFIHYWMRKXLIOIVSWIRIWSPYFMPMX]
IUYEXMSRJVSQXLI%4-HEXEFSSO*MKYVI%

% 1MWGIPPERISYW7TIGMEP
%TTPMGEXMSR1IXLSHW

%QMRIW4VSTIVX]4EGOEKI
8LIEQMRIWTEGOEKIGSRXEMRWXLIXLIVQSH]REQMGQSHIPWHIZIPSTIH
For the Amine property
method, the vapour phase is F](&6SFMRWSR %WWSGMEXIWJSVXLIMVTVSTVMIXEV]EQMRITPERX
modelled via the PR model. WMQYPEXSVGEPPIH%17-18LIMVEQMRITVSTIVX]TEGOEKIMWEZEMPEFPIEW
ERSTXMSR[MXL,=7=7KMZMRK]SYEGGIWWXSETVSZIRXLMVHTEVX]
TVSTIVX]TEGOEKIJSVVIPMEFPIEQMRITPERXWMQYPEXMSR[LMPI
QEMRXEMRMRKXLIEFMPMX]XSYWI,=7=7kTS[IVJYPJPS[WLIIXMRK
GETEFMPMXMIW

8LIGLIQMGEPERHTL]WMGEPTVSTIVX]HEXEFEWIMWVIWXVMGXIHXSEQMRIW
ERHXLIJSPPS[MRKGSQTSRIRXW

Component Class Specific Components

Acid Gases CO2, H2S, COS, CS2
Hydrocarbons CH4 C7H16
Olefins C2=, C3=
Mercaptans M-Mercaptan, E-Mercaptan
Non Hydrocarbons H2, N2, O2, CO, H2O

A-38
 Property Methods and Calculations A-39

8LIIUYMPMFVMYQEGMHKEWWSPYFMPMX]ERHOMRIXMGTEVEQIXIVWJSVXLI
Note: this method does not EUYISYWEPOERSPEQMRIWSPYXMSRWMRGSRXEGX[MXL, 7ERH'3 LEZI
 
allow any hypotheticals.
FIIRMRGSVTSVEXIHMRXSXLIMVTVSTIVX]TEGOEKI8LIEQMRIWTVSTIVX]
TEGOEKILEWFIIRJMXXIHXSI\XIRWMZII\TIVMQIRXEPHEXEKEXLIVIHJVSQE
GSQFMREXMSRSJ(&6SFMRWSRkWMRLSYWIHEXEWIZIVEPYRTYFPMWLIH
WSYVGIWERHRYQIVSYWXIGLRMGEPVIJIVIRGIW

8LIJSPPS[MRKXEFPIKMZIWXLIIUYMPMFVMYQWSPYFMPMX]PMQMXEXMSRWXLEX
WLSYPHFISFWIVZIH[LIRYWMRKXLMWTVSTIVX]TEGOEKI

Alkanolamine Acid Gas Partial Temperature

Alkanolamine
Concentration (wt%) Pressure (psia) (°F)
Monoethanolamine, MEA 0 - 30 0.00001 - 300 77 - 260
Diethanolamine, DEA 0 - 50 0.00001 - 300 77 - 260
Triethanolamine, TEA 0 - 50 0.00001 - 300 77 - 260
Methyldiethanolamine, MDEA* 0 - 50 0.00001 - 300 77 - 260
Diglycolamine, DGA 50 - 70 0.00001 - 300 77 - 260
DIsoPropanolAmine, DIsoA 0 - 40 0.00001 - 300 77 - 260

* The amine mixtures, DEA/ -XMWMQTSVXERXXSRSXIXLEXHEXELEZIRSXFIIRGSVVIPEXIHJSV, 7ERH



MDEA and MEA/MDEA are '3 PSEHMRKWKVIEXIVXLERQSPIEGMHKEWQSPIEPOERSPEQMRI


assumed to be primarily
MDEA, so use the MDEA value
for these mixtures.
8LIEFWSVTXMSRSJ, 7ERH'3 F]EUYISYWEPOERSPEQMRIWSPYXMSRW
 

MRZSPZIWI\SXLIVQMGVIEGXMSRW8LILIEXIJJIGXWEVIERMQTSVXERXJEGXSV
MREQMRIXVIEXMRKTVSGIWWIWERHEVITVSTIVP]XEOIRMRXSEGGSYRXMRXLI
EQMRIWTVSTIVX]TEGOEKI'SVVIPEXMSRWJSVXLILIEXWSJWSPYXMSREVIWIX
YTEWEJYRGXMSRSJGSQTSWMXMSRERHEQMRIX]TI8LIGSVVIPEXMSRW[IVI
KIRIVEXIHJVSQI\MWXMRKTYFPMWLIHZEPYIWSVHIVMZIHJVSQWSPYFMPMX]
HEXEYWMRKXLI+MFFW,IPQLSPX^IUYEXMSR

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XSTIVQMXWMQYPEXMSRSJGSPYQRWSREVIEPXVE]FEWMW8LIWXEKI
IJJMGMIRG]QSHIPGEPGYPEXIW, 7ERH'3 GSQTSRIRXWXEKIIJJMGMIRGMIW
 

FEWIHSRXLIXVE]HMQIRWMSRWKMZIRERHXLIGEPGYPEXIHMRXIVREPXS[IV
GSRHMXMSRWJSVFSXLEFWSVFIVWERHWXVMTTIVW8LIMRHMZMHYEPGSQTSRIRX
WXEKIIJJMGMIRGMIWEVIEJYRGXMSRSJTVIWWYVIXIQTIVEXYVITLEWI
GSQTSWMXMSRWJPS[VEXIWTL]WMGEPTVSTIVXMIWQIGLERMGEPXVE]HIWMKR
ERHHMQIRWMSRWEW[IPPEWOMRIXMGERHQEWWXVERWJIVTEVEQIXIVW7MRGI
OMRIXMGERHQEWWXVERWJIVIJJIGXWEVITVMQEVMP]VIWTSRWMFPIJSVXLI, 7


WIPIGXMZMX]HIQSRWXVEXIHF]EQMRIWSPYXMSRWXLMWQYWXFIEGGSYRXIH
JSVF]RSRYRMX]WXEKIIJJMGMIRGMIW7IIChapter 7 - ColumnSJXLI
Steady State ModellingKYMHIJSVHIXEMPWSRLS[XSWTIGMJ]SVLEZI
,=7=7GEPGYPEXIXLIWXEKIIJJMGMIRGMIW

A-39
A-40 Property Methods

7XIEQ4EGOEKI
,=7=7MRGPYHIWX[SWXIEQTEGOEKIW

• ASME Steam
• NBS Steam

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REQIP], 3 

ASME SteamEGGIWWIWXLI%71)WXIEQXEFPIW8LIPMQMXEXMSRWSJ
XLMWWXIEQTEGOEKIEVIXLIWEQIEWXLSWISJXLISVMKMREP%71)WXIEQ
XEFPIWMITVIWWYVIWPIWWXLERTWMEERHXIQTIVEXYVIWKVIEXIV
XLERš*š'ERHPIWWXLERš*8LIFEWMGVIJIVIRGIMWXLIFSSO
8LIVQSH]REQMGERH8VERWTSVX4VSTIVXMIWSJ7XIEQ8LI%QIVMGER
7SGMIX]SJ1IGLERMGEP)RKMRIIVW4VITEVIHF]'%1I]IV6&
1G'PMRXSGO+.7MPZIWXVMERH6'7TIRGIV.V 

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VITSVXIHP]LEWFIXXIVGEPGYPEXMSRWRIEVXLI'VMXMGEP4SMRX

1&;6
-R,=7=7EXIVQQSHMJMIH&;6IUYEXMSRSJWXEXIMWYWIH8LI
QSHMJMIH&;6QE]FI[VMXXIRMRXLIJSPPS[MRKJSVQ

32
P = RTρ + ∑ Ni Xi %
i=1

where:

X1 = ρ2T X8 = ρ3/T X15 = ρ6/T2 X22 = ρ5F/T2 X29 = ρ11F/T3

X2 = ρ2T1/2 X9 = ρ3/T 2 X16 = ρ7/T X23 = ρ5F/T4 X30 = ρ13F/T2
X3 = ρ2 X10 = ρ4T X17 = ρ8/T X24 = ρ7F/T2 X31 = ρ13F/T3
X4 = ρ2/T X11 = ρ4 X18 = ρ8/T2 X25 = ρ7F/T3 X32 = ρ13F/T4
X5 = ρ2/T2 X12 = ρ4/T X19 = ρ9/T2 X26 = ρ9F/T2
X6 = ρ3T X13 = ρ5 X20 = ρ3F/T2 X27 = ρ9F/T4
X7 = ρ3 X14 = ρ6/T X21 = ρ3F/T3 X28 = ρ11F/T2

F = exp (-0.0056 r2)

A-40
 Property Methods and Calculations A-41

8LIQSHMJMIHBWRMWETTPMGEFPISRP]JSVXLIJSPPS[MRKpure
GSQTSRIRXW

Max. Press. Max. Press.

Component Temp. (K) Temp. (R)
(MPa) (psia)
Ar 84 - 400 151.2 - 720 100 14504
CH4 91 - 600 163.8 - 1080 200 29008
C2 H4 104 - 400 187.2 - 720 40 5802
C2 H6 90 - 600 162. - 1080 70 10153
C3 H8 85 - 600 153. - 1080 100 14504
i-C4 114 - 600 205.2 - 1080 35 5076
n-C4 135 - 500 243. - 900 70 10153
Note that mixtures of different
forms of H2 are also CO 68 - 1000 122.4 - 1800 30 4351
acceptable. The range of use CO2 217 - 1000 390.6 - 1800 100 14504
for these components is shown
D2 29 - 423 52.2 - 761.4 320 46412
in this table.
H2 14 - 400 25.2 - 720 120 17405
o-H2 14 - 400 25.2 - 720 120 17405
p-H2 14 - 400 25.2 - 720 120 17405
He 0.8 - 1500 1.4 - 2700 200 29008
N2 63 - 1900 113.4 - 3420 1000 145038
O2 54 - 400 97.2 - 720 120 17405
Xe 161 - 1300 289.8 - 2340 100 14504

% )RXLEPT]ERH)RXVST]
Note that with semi-empirical
and vapour pressure models, a
(ITEVXYVI
pure liquid water phase will
be generated and the solubility
'EPGYPEXMSRW
of H2O in the hydrocarbon
phase will be determined from 8LI)RXLEPT]ERH)RXVST]GEPGYPEXMSRWEVITIVJSVQIHVMKSVSYWP]F]
the kerosene solubility model. ,=7=7YWMRKXLIJSPPS[MRKI\EGXXLIVQSH]REQMGVIPEXMSRW

The Ideal Gas Enthalpy basis V

ID
(HID) used by HYSYS is equal ∂P
-------------------- = Z – 1 + ------- ∫ T   – P dV
H–H 1
%
to the ideal gas Enthalpy of RT RT  ∂ T V
Formation at 25°C and 1 atm. ∞

ID V

--1-  ∂P – --1- dV

S – S° P
------------------
RT
- = ln Z – ln ------ +
P° ∫ R  ∂ T V V
%
∞

A-41
A-42 Enthalpy and Entropy Departure

% )UYEXMSRWSJ7XEXI
*SVXLI4IRK6SFMRWSR)UYEXMSRSJ7XEXI

The Ideal Gas Enthalpy basis

(HID) used by HYSYS is equal H–H
ID
1 da  V + ( 2 + 1 )b-
0.5
to the ideal gas Enthalpy of -------------------- = Z – 1 – -------------------- a – T ln  -----------------------------------  %
Formation at 25°C and 1 atm.
RT 1.5
2 bRT dt  V + ( 2 0.5 – 1 )b

ID
T da  V + ( 2 + 1 )b
S – S° 0.5
A
P- -------------------
- = ln ( Z – B ) – ln -----
------------------ – 1.5 - --- - %
ln  -----------------------------------
R P° 2 bRT a d t  V + ( 2 0.5 – 1 )b 

where:

N N

∑ ∑ xi x j ( a i a j )
0.5
a = ( 1 – k ij ) %
i = 1 j= 1

*SVXLI76/)UYEXMSRSJ7XEXI

ID
= Z – 1 – ---------- a – T ------ ln  1 + ---
H –H - 1 da b
-------------------
 %
RT bRT dt V

ID
S – S°
- = ln ( Z – b ) – ln ------ + --- --- ------ ln  1 + ---
P A T da B
------------------
 %
RT P° B a dt Z

AERHBXIVQHIJMRMXMSRWEVITVSZMHIHFIPS[

Peng - Robinson Soave -Redlich - Kwong

RT ci RT ci
bi 0.077796 ----------- 0.08664 -----------
P ci P ci

ai a ci α i a ci α i

2 2
( RT ci ) ( RT ci )
aci 0.457235 ------------------ 0.42748 ------------------
P ci P ci

A-42
 Property Methods and Calculations A-43

Peng - Robinson Soave -Redlich - Kwong

0.5 0.5
αi 1 + mi ( 1 – T ri ) 1 + m i ( 1 – T ri )

2 2
mi 0.37646 + 1.54226ω i – 0.26992ω i 0.48 + 1.574ω i – 0.176ω i

where:
N N

∑ ∑ xi x j ( a i a j )
0.5
a = ( 1 – k ij )
i =1 j=1

R = Ideal Gas constant

H = Enthalpy

S = Entropy

subscripts:

ID = Ideal Gas

o = reference state

467:
8LIPRSVIUYEXMSRSJWXEXIMWERI\XIRWMSRSJXLI4IRK6SFMRWSR
IUYEXMSRYXMPM^MRKERI\XIRWMSRSJXLIκI\TVIWWMSREWWLS[RFIPS[

0.5 2
αi = [ 1 + κi ( 1 – Tr ) ]
0.5
κ i = κ 0i ( 1 + T ri ) ( 0.7 – T ri ) %
2 3
κ 0i = 0.378893 + 1.4897153ω i – 0.17131848ω i + 0.0196554ω i

8LMWVIWYPXWMRXLIVITPEGIQIRXSJXLIα XIVQMRXLIHIJMRMXMSRWSJXLIA
M

ERHBXIVQWWLS[RTVIZMSYWP]F]XLIα XIVQWLS[REFSZI M

A-43
A-44 Enthalpy and Entropy Departure

% %GXMZMX]1SHIPW
8LILiquidIRXLEPT]ERHIRXVST]JSV%GXMZMX]1SHIPWMWFEWIHSRXLI
Cavett Correlation

JSV8  
VM

H –H
L ID  ∆H i ° L ( sb ) ∆Hi ° L ( sb )
-, --------------------------
----------------------- = max  ------------------------- %
Tc
i  Tc
i
Tc
i 

JSV8  ≥ 
VM

H
L
–H -
ID  ∆H i ° L ( sb ) ∆Hi ° L ( sp )
---------------------- = max  --------------------------, -------------------------- %
Tc
i  Tc
i
Tc
i 

[LIVI

∆H i ° L ( sb ) 1 – a3 ( T r – 0.1 )
-------------------------- = a 1 + a 2 ( 1 – T r ) i
%
Tc i
i

∆Hi ° L ( sp ) 2 3 4 2
- = max ( 0, b 1 + b 2 T r + b 3 T r + b 4 T r + b 5 T r )
------------------------- %
Tc i i i i
i

[LIVIa1, a2,ERHa3EVIJYRGXMSRWSJXLI'EZIXXTEVEQIXIVJMXXIHXS
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XSVITVIWIRXXLIZETSYVTLEWIFILEZMSYV

-HIEP+EW

H = H
ID %

T2
C v dT V2
∫ ------------
ID
S = S° = - + R ln ------ %
T V1
T1

A-44
 Property Methods and Calculations A-45

6IHPMGL/[SRK

ID
-------------------- = Z – 1 – ---------- ln  1 + ---
H–H 1.5 b
%
RT bRT  V

ID
S – S°
+ - ln  1 + ---
A
P- ------ B
------------------- = ln ( Z – b ) – ln ----- %
RT P° 2B  Z

:MVMEP)UYEXMSR

ID
H–H - T dB
------------------- = – ------------- ------- + ( Z – 1 ) %
RT V – B dt

ID
S – S° RT dB V V
- = – ------------- ------- – R ln ------------- + R ln ------
------------------ %
R V – B dT V–B V°

The SRK and PR are given in

where: B = second virial coefficient of the mixture
Section A.2.1 - Equations of
State.
% 0II/IWPIV3TXMSR
8LI0IIERH/IWPIVQIXLSHMWERIJJSVXXSI\XIRHXLIQIXLSHSVMKMREPP]
TVSTSWIHF]4MX^IVXSXIQTIVEXYVIWPS[IVXLER8 0IIERH/IWPIV V

I\TERHIH4MX^IVkWQIXLSHI\TVIWWMRKXLIGSQTVIWWMFMPMX]JEGXSVEW

ω
Z = Z ° + ------r ( Z r – Z ° ) %
ω

where: Z o = the compressibility factor of a simple fluid

Z r = the compressibility factor of a reference fluid

8LI]GLSWIXLIVIHYGIHJSVQSJXLI&;6IUYEXMSRSJWXEXIXSVITVIWIRX
FSXLZ oERHZ r

γ-
–  2
-----
V r 
B C D D  γ %
Z = 1 + ----- + ------2 + ------5 + ------------3 β – ------2 e
V r V r V r Tr Vr
3
 Vr 

A-45
A-46 Enthalpy and Entropy Departure

where:
VPc
Vr = ---------
RT c
b2 b3 b4
B = b 1 – ----- – -----2 – -----4
Tr T T
r r
c2 c3
C = c 1 – ----- + -----3
Tr Tr
d2
D = d 1 + -----
Tr

8LIGSRWXERXWMRXLIWIIUYEXMSRW[IVIHIXIVQMRIHYWMRKI\TIVMQIRXEP
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S V


[IVIHIXIVQMRIH

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 b3 b4 c3 
 b 2 + 2 ----- + 3 -----2 c 2 – 3 -----2 
H–H
ID
 Tr Tr T d2 
-------------------- = T r  Z – 1 – ------------------------------------ - + 3E 
- – -------------------r- – --------------
2 5
%
RT c  T r Vr 2T r V r 5T r V r 
 
 

b3 b4 c3
ID b 1 + -----2 + 2 -----3 c 1 – 3 -----2
S – S° T r d1 %
------------------- = ln Z – ln  ------ – ---------------------------------
P Tr Tr
– -------------------
- – --------- + 2E
R  P°  2 2
V r 2V r 5V r

 γ- 
 ----
c4   γ  –  Vr  
- β + 1 –  β + 1 + ------ e %
3  
E = -----------
2T r γ   Vr 
2

 

A-46
 Property Methods and Calculations A-47

JSVQM\XYVIWXLICritical PropertiesEVIHIJMRIHEWJSPPS[W
N
ω = ∑ xi ω i
i=1

z c = 0.2905 – 0.0851ω i
i

Z c RTc
i i
V c = -----------------
i Pc
i

N N 1 1 3
1  --3- --- 
∑∑
3
V c = --- x i x j Vc + Vc 
8  i j

i=1 j=1

N N 1 1 3
1  --3- --- 
T c = --------- ∑ ∑
3 0.5
x i x j Vc + V c  ( T c T c )
8V c  i j
 i j

i=1 j=1
RT c
P c = ( 0.2905 – 0.085ω ) ---------
Vc

*YKEGMX]'SIJJMGMIRX

7SEZI6IHPMGL/[SRK

bi  N  b
ln φ i = – ln  Z – ------- + ( Z – 1 ) ---- – ---------- ---  2a i ∑ x j a j ( 1 – k ij ) – ---- ln  1 + ---
Pb a 1 0.5 0.5 i b
%
RT b bRT a b V
 j=1 

4IRK6SFMRWSR

 N  b 0.5
 Pb bi a - 1---  0.5 V + ( 2 + 1 )b-
 – ----i ln -----------------------------------
∑
0.5
ln φ i = – ln  Z –  + ( Z – 1 ) – 1.5
------
- ---
- ------------------- 2a x a ( 1 – k ) %
RT b 2 bRT a  i j j ij  b
V – ( 2 – 1 )b
0.5
 j=1 

A-47
A-48 Physical and Transport Properties

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GEPGYPEXIXLIPMUYMHHIRWMX]

A-48
 Property Methods and Calculations A-49

4WIYHSGSQTSRIRXWKIRIVEXIHMRXLI3MP'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSR
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HIRWMXMIWSJXLITWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWEVIEHNYWXIHWYGLXLEX

1.0
ρ bulk = --------------
xi %
∑ ------
ρ i°
-

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JVSQSRISJXLIXLVIIEZEMPEFPIMR,=7=7EQSHMJMGEXMSRSJXLI2&7
QIXLSH)P]ERH,ERPI]8[YkWQSHIPSVEQSHMJMGEXMSRSJXLI
0IXWSY7XMIPGSVVIPEXMSR,=7=7[MPPWIPIGXXLIETTVSTVMEXIQSHIPYWMRK
XLIJSPPS[MRKGVMXIVME

Chemical System Vapour Phase Liquid Phase

Lt Hydrocarbons (NBP<155°F) Mod Ely & Hanley Mod Ely & Hanley
Hvy Hydrocarbons (NBP>155°F) Mod Ely & Hanley Twu
Non-Ideal Chemicals Mod Ely & Hanley Mod Letsou-Stiel

%PPSJXLIQSHIPWEVIFEWIHSRGSVVIWTSRHMRKWXEXIWTVMRGMTPIWERH
LEZIFIIRQSHMJMIHJSVQSVIVIPMEFPIETTPMGEXMSR-RXIVREPZEPMHEXMSR
WLS[IHXLEXXLIWIQSHIPW]MIPHIHXLIQSWXVIPMEFPIVIWYPXWJSVXLI
GLIQMGEPW]WXIQWWLS[R:MWGSWMX]TVIHMGXMSRWJSVPMKLXL]HVSGEVFSR
PMUYMHTLEWIWERHZETSYVTLEWIW[IVIJSYRHXSFILERHPIHQSVI

A-49
A-50 Physical and Transport Properties

VIPMEFP]F]ERMRLSYWIQSHMJMGEXMSRSJXLISVMKMREP)P]ERH,ERPI]
QSHIPLIEZMIVL]HVSGEVFSRPMUYMHW[IVIQSVIIJJIGXMZIP]LERHPIHF]
8[YkWQSHIPERHGLIQMGEPW]WXIQW[IVIQSVIEGGYVEXIP]LERHPIHF]
ERMRLSYWIQSHMJMGEXMSRSJXLISVMKMREP0IXWSY7XMIPQSHIP

%GSQTPIXIHIWGVMTXMSRSJXLISVMKMREPGSVVIWTSRHMRKWXEXIW2&7
QSHIPYWIHJSVZMWGSWMX]TVIHMGXMSRWMWTVIWIRXIHF])P]ERH,ERPI]MR
XLIMV2&7TYFPMGEXMSR8LISVMKMREPQSHIPLEWFIIRQSHMJMIHXS
IPMQMREXIXLIMXIVEXMZITVSGIHYVIJSVGEPGYPEXMRKXLIW]WXIQWLETI
JEGXSVW8LIKIRIVEPM^IH0IIGL0IPERHWLETIJEGXSVQSHIPWLEZIFIIR
VITPEGIHF]GSQTSRIRXWTIGMJMGQSHIPW,=7=7GSRWXVYGXWE4:8QET
JSVIEGLGSQTSRIRXYWMRKXLI'378%0(JSVXLIPMUYMHVIKMSR8LI
WLETIJEGXSVWEVIEHNYWXIHWYGLXLEXXLI4:8QETGERFIVITVSHYGIH
YWMRKXLIVIJIVIRGIJPYMH

8LIWLETIJEGXSVWJSVEPPXLIPMFVEV]GSQTSRIRXWLEZIEPVIEH]FIIR
VIKVIWWIHERHEVIMRGPYHIHMRXLI4YVI'SQTSRIRX0MFVEV]4WIYHS
GSQTSRIRXWLETIJEGXSVWEVIVIKVIWWIHYWMRKIWXMQEXIHZMWGSWMXMIW
8LIWIZMWGSWMX]IWXMQEXMSRWEVIJYRGXMSRWSJXLITWIYHSGSQTSRIRX
&EWI4VSTIVXMIWERH'VMXMGEP4VSTIVXMIW

4WIYHSGSQTSRIRXWKIRIVEXIHMRXLI3MP'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSR
)RZMVSRQIRXLEZIXLIEHHMXMSREPEFMPMX]SJLEZMRKXLIMVWLETIJEGXSVW
VIKVIWWIHXSQEXGLOMRIQEXMGSVH]REQMGZMWGSWMX]EWWE]W

8LIKIRIVEPQSHIPIQTPS]W', EWEVIJIVIRGIJPYMHERHMWETTPMGEFPI


XSXLIIRXMVIVERKISJRSRTSPEVJPYMHQM\XYVIWMRXLIL]HVSGEVFSR
MRHYWXV]%GGYVEG]JSVLMKLP]EVSQEXMGSVRETLXLIRMGGVYHIW[MPPFI
MRGVIEWIHF]WYTTP]MRKZMWGSWMX]GYVZIW[LIREZEMPEFPIWMRGIXLITYVI
GSQTSRIRXTVSTIVX]KIRIVEXSVW[IVIHIZIPSTIHJSVEZIVEKIGVYHISMPW
8LIQSHIPEPWSLERHPIW, 3ERHEGMHKEWIWEW[IPPEWUYERXYQKEWIW


%PXLSYKLXLIQSHMJMIH2&7QSHIPLERHPIWXLIWIW]WXIQWZIV][IPPXLI
8[YQIXLSH[EWJSYRHXSHSEFIXXIVNSFSJTVIHMGXMRKXLIZMWGSWMXMIWSJ
LIEZMIVL]HVSGEVFSRPMUYMHW8LI8[YQSHIP MWEPWSFEWIHSR


GSVVIWTSRHMRKWXEXIWTVMRGMTPIWFYXLEWMQTPIQIRXIHEZMWGSWMX]
GSVVIPEXMSRJSVREPOERIWEWMXWVIJIVIRGIJPYMHMRWXIEHSJ', %


GSQTPIXIHIWGVMTXMSRSJXLMWQSHIPMWKMZIRMRXLITETIVIRXMXPIH
-RXIVREPP]'SRWMWXIRX'SVVIPEXMSRJSV4VIHMGXMRK0MUYMH:MWGSWMXMIWSJ
4IXVSPIYQ*VEGXMSRW 


*SVGLIQMGEPW]WXIQWXLIQSHMJMIH2&7QSHIPSJ)P]ERH,ERPI]MW
YWIHJSVTVIHMGXMRKZETSYVTLEWIZMWGSWMXMIW[LIVIEWEQSHMJMIHJSVQ
SJXLI0IXWSY7XMIPQSHIPMWYWIHJSVTVIHMGXMRKXLIPMUYMHZMWGSWMXMIW
8LMWQIXLSHMWEPWSFEWIHSRGSVVIWTSRHMRKWXEXIWTVMRGMTPIWERH[EW
JSYRHXSTIVJSVQWEXMWJEGXSVMP]JSVXLIGSQTSRIRXWXIWXIH

A-50
 Property Methods and Calculations A-51

8LIWLETIJEGXSVWGSRXEMRIHMRXLI,=7=74YVI'SQTSRIRX0MFVEV]
LEZIFIIRJMXXSQEXGLI\TIVMQIRXEPZMWGSWMX]HEXESZIVEFVSEH
STIVEXMRKVERKI%PXLSYKLXLMW[MPP]MIPHKSSHZMWGSWMX]TVIHMGXMSRWEW
EREZIVEKISZIVXLIIRXMVIVERKIMQTVSZIHEGGYVEG]SZIVEREVVS[
STIVEXMRKVERKIGERFIEGLMIZIHF]YWMRKXLI8EFYPEVJIEXYVIWWII
Chapter 1 - Fluid PackageJSVQSVIMRJSVQEXMSR

% 0MUYMH4LEWI1M\MRK6YPIW
JSV:MWGSWMX]
8LIIWXMQEXIWSJXLIETTEVIRXPMUYMHTLEWIZMWGSWMX]SJMQQMWGMFPI
,]HVSGEVFSR0MUYMH%UYISYWQM\XYVIWEVIGEPGYPEXIHYWMRKXLI
JSPPS[MRKQM\MRKVYPIW

• If the volume fraction of the hydrocarbon phase is greater than

or equal to 0.5, the following equation is used : 

3.6 ( 1 – ν oil )
µ eff = µ oil e %

where: µeff = apparent viscosity

µoil = viscosity of Hydrocarbon phase

νoil = volume fraction Hydrocarbon phase

• If the volume fraction of the hydrocarbon phase is less than

0.33, the following equation is used : 

 µ oil + 0.4µ H 2 O
µ eff = 1 + 2.5ν oil  -----------------------------------
- µ H O %
 µ oil + µ H 2 O  2

where: µ = apparent viscosity

IJJ

µSMP
= viscosity of Hydrocarbon phase

µ,3
= viscosity of Aqueous phase

ν = volume fraction Hydrocarbon phase

SMP

A-51
A-52 Physical and Transport Properties

• If the volume of the hydrocarbon phase is between 0.33 and

0.5, the effective viscosity for combined liquid phase is
calculated using a weighted average between Equation
(A.53) and Equation (A.54).
8LIVIQEMRMRKTVSTIVXMIWSJXLITWIYHSTLEWIEVIGEPGYPEXIHEW
JSPPS[W

MW eff = ∑ xi MWi (molecular weight)

1
ρ eff = -----------------
xi %
∑  ---ρ- i
(mixture density)

Cp
eff
= ∑ xi Cp i
(mixture specific heat)

% 8LIVQEP'SRHYGXMZMX]
%WMRZMWGSWMX]TVIHMGXMSRWERYQFIVSJHMJJIVIRXQSHIPWERH
GSQTSRIRXWTIGMJMGGSVVIPEXMSRWEVIMQTPIQIRXIHJSVTVIHMGXMSRSJ
PMUYMHERHZETSYVTLEWIXLIVQEPGSRHYGXMZMXMIW8LIXI\XF]6IMH
4VEYWRMX^ERH4SPMRK [EWYWIHEWEKIRIVEPKYMHIPMRIMRHIXIVQMRMRK


[LMGLQSHIP[EWFIWXWYMXIHJSVIEGLGPEWWSJGSQTSRIRXW*SV
L]HVSGEVFSRW]WXIQWXLIGSVVIWTSRHMRKWXEXIWQIXLSHTVSTSWIHF]
)P]ERH,ERPI] MWKIRIVEPP]YWIH8LIQIXLSHVIUYMVIWQSPIGYPEV


[IMKLXEGIRXVMGJEGXSVERHMHIEPLIEXGETEGMX]JSVIEGLGSQTSRIRX
8LIWITEVEQIXIVWEVIXEFYPEXIHJSVEPPPMFVEV]GSQTSRIRXWERHQE]
IMXLIVFIMRTYXSVGEPGYPEXIHJSVL]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXW-XMW
VIGSQQIRHIHXLEXEPPSJXLIWITEVEQIXIVWFIWYTTPMIHJSVRSR
L]HVSGEVFSRL]TSXLIXMGEPWXSIRWYVIVIPMEFPIXLIVQEPGSRHYGXMZMX]
GSIJJMGMIRXWERHIRXLEPT]HITEVXYVIW

8LIQSHMJMGEXMSRWXSXLIQIXLSHEVIMHIRXMGEPXSXLSWIJSVXLIZMWGSWMX]
GEPGYPEXMSRW7LETIJEGXSVWGEPGYPEXIHMRXLIZMWGSWMX]VSYXMRIWEVIYWIH
HMVIGXP]MRXLIXLIVQEPGSRHYGXMZMX]IUYEXMSRW8LIEGGYVEG]SJXLI
QIXLSH[MPPHITIRHSRXLIGSRWMWXIRG]SJXLISVMKMREP4:8QET

8LI7EXS6IMHIPQIXLSH MWYWIHJSVPMUYMHTLEWIXLIVQEPGSRHYGXMZMX]


TVIHMGXMSRWSJKP]GSPWERHEGMHWXLI0EXMRMIXEPQIXLSH MWYWIHJSV 

IWXIVWEPGSLSPWERHPMKLXL]HVSGEVFSRWMRXLIVERKISJ' ' ERHXLI  

1MWWIREVHERH6IMHIPQIXLSH MWYWIHJSVXLIVIQEMRMRKGSQTSRIRXW


*SVZETSYVTLEWIXLIVQEPGSRHYGXMZMX]TVIHMGXMSRWXLI1MWMGERH
8LSHSWERH'LYRKIXEP QIXLSHWEVIYWIH8LIIJJIGXSJLMKLIV


TVIWWYVISRXLIVQEPGSRHYGXMZMXMIWMWXEOIRMRXSEGGSYRXF]XLI'LYRK

A-52
 Property Methods and Calculations A-53

IXEPQIXLSH

%W[MXLZMWGSWMX]XLIXLIVQEPGSRHYGXMZMX]JSVX[SPMUYMHTLEWIWMW
ETTVS\MQEXIHF]YWMRKIQTMVMGEPQM\MRKVYPIWJSVKIRIVEXMRKEWMRKPI
TWIYHSPMUYMHTLEWITVSTIVX]8LIXLIVQEPGSRHYGXMZMX]JSVER
MQQMWGMFPIFMREV]SJPMUYMHTLEWIWMWGEPGYPEXIHF]XLIJSPPS[MRK
IUYEXMSR 


 term1
--------------- + 1.0
 term2
k eff = k oil k H ------------------------------------------------ %
2O
k oil  --------------- + k H O
term1
term2 2

where: term1 = µ ,3

/ s.g. ,3


term2 = µ SMP
/ s.g. 
SMP

k IJJ
= apparent thermal conductivity

k SMP
= thermal conductivity of oil phase

k ,3
= thermal conductivity of aqueous phase

% 7YVJEGI8IRWMSR
7YVJEGIXIRWMSRWJSVL]HVSGEVFSRW]WXIQWEVIGEPGYPEXIHYWMRKE
QSHMJMIHJSVQSJXLI&VSGOERH&MVHIUYEXMSR 8LIIUYEXMSRI\TVIWWIW 

XLIWYVJEGIXIRWMSRσEWEJYRGXMSRSJXLIVIHYGIHERHGVMXMGEP
TVSTIVXMIWSJXLIGSQTSRIRX8LIFEWMGJSVQSJXLIIUYEXMSR[EWYWIH
XSVIKVIWWTEVEQIXIVWJSVIEGLJEQMP]SJGSQTSRIRXW

2⁄3 1⁄3 a
σ = Pc Tc Q ( 1 – TR ) b %

where: σ = surface tension (dynes/cm2)

Q = 0.1207[1.0 + TBR ln Pc /(1.0 - TBR)] - 0.281

a = parameter fitted for each chemical class

b = c0 + c1 ω + c ω + c ω (parameter fitted for each chemical

   

class, expanded as a polynomial in acentricity)

A-53
A-54 Volumetric Flow Rate Calculations

*SVEUYISYWW]WXIQW,=7=7IQTPS]WETSP]RSQMEPXSTVIHMGXXLI
WYVJEGIXIRWMSR-XMWMQTSVXERXXSRSXIXLEX,=7=7TVIHMGXWSRP]PMUYMH
ZETSYVWYVJEGIXIRWMSRW

% :SPYQIXVMG*PS[6EXI
'EPGYPEXMSRW
,=7=7LEWXLIEFMPMX]XSMRXIVTVIXERHTVSHYGIE[MHIEWWSVXQIRXSJ
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WXVIEQWTIGMJMGEXMSRWEW[IPPEWVITSVXFEGOQER]HMJJIVIRXJPS[VEXIW
JSVWXVIEQWXLIMVTLEWIWERHXLIMVGSQTSRIRXW3RIHVE[FEGOSJXLI
PEVKIZEVMIX]EZEMPEFPIMWXLEXMXSJXIRPIEHWXSWSQIGSRJYWMSREWXS[LEX
I\EGXP]MWFIMRKWTIGMJMIHSVVITSVXIHIWTIGMEPP][LIRZSPYQIXVMGJPS[
VEXIWEVIMRZSPZIH

-RXLIJSPPS[MRKWIGXMSRWXLIEZEMPEFPIJPS[VEXIWEVIPMWXIHIEGL
GSVVIWTSRHMRKHIRWMX]FEWMWMWI\TPEMRIHERHXLIEGXYEPJSVQYPEXMSRSJ
XLIJPS[VEXIGEPGYPEXMSRWMWTVIWIRXIH*SVZSPYQIXVMGJPS[VEXIHEXE
XLEXMWRSXHMVIGXP]EGGITXIHEWEWXVIEQWTIGMJMGEXMSREJMREPWIGXMSRMW
TVSZMHIHXLEXSYXPMRIWXIGLRMUYIWXSGSRZIVX]SYVMRTYXXSQEWWJPS[
VEXIW

% %ZEMPEFPI*PS[6EXIW
1ER]X]TIWSJJPS[VEXIWETTIEVMR,=7=7SYXTYX,S[IZIVSRP]E
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*PS[6EXIW6ITSVXIH-R8LI3YXTYX
8LIJPS[VEXIX]TIWEZEMPEFPIZMESYVRYQIVSYWVITSVXMRKQIXLSHW
TVSTIVX]ZMI[W[SVOFSSO4*(WTIGWLIIXWIXGEVI

• Molar Flow
• Mass Flow
• LiqVol Flow
• Std Liquid Volume Flow
• Actual Volume Flow
• Std Gas Flow
• Actual Gas Flow

A-54
 Property Methods and Calculations A-55

*PS[6EXIW%ZEMPEFPI*SV7TIGMJMGEXMSR
=SY[MPPJMRHXLEXXLIJSPPS[MRKJPS[VEXIX]TIWEVIEZEMPEFPIJSVWXVIEQ
WTIGMJMGEXMSRW

• Molar Flows
• Mass Flows
• LiqVol Flows

% 0MUYMHERH:ETSYV(IRWMX]
The volumetric flow rate &EWMW
reference state is defined as
60°F and 1 atm when using
%PPGEPGYPEXMSRWJSVZSPYQIXVMGWXVIEQJPS[WEVIFEWIHSRHIRWMX]
Field units or 15°C and 1 atm
when using SI units. ,=7=7YXMPM^IWXLIJSPPS[MRKHIRWMX]FEWMW

Density Basis Description

Actual Densities are This is calculated based on ideal mixing of pure
calculated at the stream Ideal Liquid Density
component ideal densities at 60°F.
Temperature and Pressure.
Standard Liquid This is calculated rigorously at the standard
Density reference state for volumetric flow rates.
Actual Liquid This is calculated rigorously at the flowing conditions
Density of the stream (i.e. at stream T and P).
Standard Vapour This is determined directly from the Ideal Gas law.
Density
Actual Vapour This is calculated rigorously at the flowing conditions
Density of the stream (i.e. at stream T and P).

'EPGYPEXMSRSJ7XERHEVHERH%GXYEP0MUYMH
(IRWMXMIW
8LI7XERHEVHERH%GXYEPPMUYMHHIRWMXMIWEVIGEPGYPEXIHVMKSVSYWP]EX
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TVSTIVX]TEGOEKI*PS[VEXIWFEWIHYTSRXLIWIHIRWMXMIWEYXSQEXMGEPP]
XEOIMRXSEGGSYRXER]QM\MRKIJJIGXWI\LMFMXIHF]RSRMHIEPW]WXIQW
8LYWXLIWIZSPYQIXVMGJPS[VEXIWQE]FIGSRWMHIVIHEWVIEP[SVPH

A-55
A-56 Volumetric Flow Rate Calculations

'EPGYPEXMSRSJ-HIEP0MUYMH(IRWMX]
'SRXVEV]XSXLIVMKSVSYWHIRWMXMIWXLI-HIEP0MUYMHHIRWMX]SJEWXVIEQ
HSIWRSXXEOIMRXSEGGSYRXER]QM\MRKIJJIGXWHYIXSMXWWMQTPMWXMG
EWWYQTXMSRW8LYWJPS[VEXIWXLEXEVIFEWIHYTSRMX[MPPRSXEGGSYRX
JSVQM\MRKIJJIGXWERHEVIQSVIIQTMVMGEPMRREXYVI8LIGEPGYPEXMSRMW
EWJSPPS[W

1
Ideal Density Stream = ----------------------
xi %
∑ -------------
Ideal
-
ρi

where: xi = molar fraction of component i

riIdeal = pure component Ideal Liquid density

,=7=7GSRXEMRW-HIEP0MUYMHHIRWMXMIWJSVEPPGSQTSRIRXWMRXLI4YVI
'SQTSRIRX0MFVEV]8LIWIZEPYIWLEZIFIIRHIXIVQMRIHMRSRISJ
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HIWGVMFIHFIPS[

Case 1*SVER]GSQTSRIRXXLEXMWEPMUYMHEXš*ERHEXQXLIHEXE
FEWIGSRXEMRWXLIHIRWMX]SJXLIGSQTSRIRXEXš*ERHEXQ

Case 2*SVER]GSQTSRIRXXLEXGERFIPMUYIJMIHEXš*ERHTVIWWYVIW
KVIEXIVXLEREXQXLIHEXEFEWIGSRXEMRWXLIHIRWMX]SJXLI
GSQTSRIRXEXš*ERH7EXYVEXMSR4VIWWYVI

Case 3*SVER]GSQTSRIRXXLEXMWRSRGSRHIRWEFPIEXš*YRHIVER]
TVIWWYVIMIš*MWKVIEXIVXLERXLIGVMXMGEPXIQTIVEXYVISJXLI
GSQTSRIRXXLIHEXEFEWIGSRXEMRW+4%XEFYPEVZEPYIWSJXLI
IUYMZEPIRXPMUYMHHIRWMX]8LIWIHIRWMXMIW[IVII\TIVMQIRXEPP]
HIXIVQMRIHF]QIEWYVMRKXLIHMWTPEGIQIRXSJL]HVSGEVFSRPMUYMHWF]
HMWWSPZIHRSRGSRHIRWEFPIGSQTSRIRXW

*SVEPPL]TSXLIXMGEPGSQTSRIRXWXLI7XERHEVH0MUYMHHIRWMX]MRXLI
&EWI4VSTIVXMIW[MPPFIYWIHMRXLI-HIEP0MUYMHHIRWMX]GEPGYPEXMSR-JE
HIRWMX]MWRSXWYTTPMIHXLI,=7=7IWXMQEXIHWXERHEVHPMUYMHHIRWMX]
[MPPFIYWIH7TIGMEPXVIEXQIRXMWKMZIRF]XLI3MP'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSR
JIEXYVIXSMXWTWIYHSGSQTSRIRXWWYGLXLEXXLIMHIEPHIRWMX]GEPGYPEXIH
JSVMXWWXVIEQWQEXGLXLIEWWE]FYPOTVSTIVX]ERHJPS[VEXIHEXE
WYTTPMIHMRXLI3MP'LEVEGXIVM^EXMSR)RZMVSRQIRX

A-56
 Property Methods and Calculations A-57

% *SVQYPEXMSRSJ*PS[6EXI
'EPGYPEXMSRW
8LIZEVMSYWTVSGIHYVIWYWIHXSGEPGYPEXIIEGLSJXLIEZEMPEFPIJPS[
VEXIWEVIHIXEMPIHFIPS[FEWIHSREORS[RQSPEVJPS[

1SPEV*PS[6EXI

Total Molar Flow = Molar Flow Stream %

1EWW*PS[

Mass Flow = Total Molar Flow × MW Stream %

Note that even if a stream is all 0MU:SP*PS[

vapour, it will still have a
LiqVolume flow, based upon
8LMWZSPYQIXVMGJPS[VEXIMWGEPGYPEXIHYWMRKXLIMHIEPHIRWMX]SJXLI
the stream’s Ideal Liquid
density, whose calculation is WXVIEQERHXLYWMWWSQI[LEXIQTMVMGEPMRREXYVI
detailed in the previous
section.
Total Molar Flow × MW Stream
LiqVolFlow = -------------------------------------------------------------------------- %
Ideal DensityStream

7XH0MUYMH:SPYQI*PS[
8LMWZSPYQIXVMGJPS[VEXIMWGEPGYPEXIHYWMRKEVMKSVSYWHIRWMX]
GEPGYPEXIHEXWXERHEVHGSRHMXMSRWERH[MPPVIJPIGXRSRMHIEPQM\MRK
IJJIGXW

Molar Flow × MW
Std Liquid Volume Flow = --------------------------------------------- %
Std Liq Density

A-57
A-58 Volumetric Flow Rate Calculations

%GXYEP:SPYQI*PS[
8LMWZSPYQIXVMGJPS[VEXIMWGEPGYPEXIHYWMRKEVMKSVSYWPMUYMHHIRWMX]
GEPGYPEXMSREXXLIEGXYEPWXVIEQ8ERH4GSRHMXMSRWERH[MPPVIJPIGX
RSRMHIEPQM\MRKIJJIGXW

Molar Flow × MW
Actual Volume Flow = --------------------------------------------- %
Std Liq Density

7XERHEVH+EW*PS[
7XERHEVHKEWJPS[MWFEWIHSRXLIQSPEVZSPYQISJERMHIEPKEWEX
WXERHEVHGSRHMXMSRW-XMWEHMVIGXGSRZIVWMSRJVSQXLIWXVIEQkWQSPEV
JPS[VEXIFEWIHSRXLIJSPPS[MRK

• Ideal Gas at 60°F and 1 atm occupies 379.46 ft3/lbmole

• Ideal Gas at 15°C and 1 atm occupies 23.644 m3/kgmole

%GXYEP+EW*PS[
8LMWZSPYQIXVMGJPS[VEXIMWGEPGYPEXIHYWMRKEVMKSVSYWZETSYVHIRWMX]
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RSRMHIEPQM\MRKERHGSQTVIWWMFMPMX]IJJIGXW

Molar Flow × MW
Actual Gas Flow = --------------------------------------------- %
Density

% :SPYQIXVMG*PS[6EXIWEW
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 7TIGMJ]XLIGSQTSWMXMSRSJ]SYVWXVIEQ
 9WIXLIWXERHEVHPMUYMHHIRWMX]VITSVXIHJSVXLIWXVIEQERH
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XLI7TVIEH7LIIX
 9WIXLMWGEPGYPEXIHQEWWJPS[EWXLIWTIGMJMGEXMSRJSVXLIWXVIEQ

A-58
 Property Methods and Calculations A-59

%GXYEP0MUYMH:SPYQI*PS[
 7TIGMJ]XLIGSQTSWMXMSRERHXLIJPS[MRKGSRHMXMSRW8ERH4SJ
]SYVWXVIEQ
 9WIXLIHIRWMX]VITSVXIHJSVXLIWXVIEQERHGEPGYPEXIXLI
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WTVIEHWLIIX
 9WIXLMWGEPGYPEXIHQEWWJPS[EWXLIWTIGMJMGEXMSRJSVXLIWXVIEQ

% *PEWL'EPGYPEXMSRW
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;MPWSR)UYEXMSRXLI%QMRIWERH7XIEQTVSTIVX]TEGOEKIWSRP]
Specified variables can only be WYTTSVXX[STLEWIIUYMPMFVMYQGEPGYPEXMSRW
re-specified by you or via
RECYCLE ADJUST, or
,=7=7YWIWFYMPXMRMRXIPPMKIRGIXSHIXIVQMRI[LIRMXGERTIVJSVQE
SpreadSheet operations. They
will not change through any JPEWLGEPGYPEXMSRSREWXVIEQERHXLIR[LEXX]TISJJPEWLGEPGYPEXMSR
heat or material balance RIIHWXSFITIVJSVQIHSRXLIWXVIEQ8LMWMWFEWIHGSQTPIXIP]SRXLI
calculations. HIKVIIWSJJVIIHSQGSRGITX3RGIXLIGSQTSWMXMSRSJEWXVIEQERHX[S
TVSTIVX]ZEVMEFPIWEVIORS[RZETSYVJVEGXMSRXIQTIVEXYVITVIWWYVI
IRXLEPT]SVIRXVST]SRISJ[LMGLQYWXFIIMXLIVXIQTIVEXYVISV
TVIWWYVIXLIXLIVQSH]REQMGWXEXISJXLIWXVIEQMWHIJMRIH;LIR
,=7=7VIGSKRM^IWXLEXEWXVIEQMWXLIVQSH]REQMGEPP]HIJMRIHMX[MPP
TIVJSVQXLIGSVVIGXJPEWLEYXSQEXMGEPP]MRXLIFEGOKVSYRH=SYRIZIV
LEZIXSMRWXVYGX,=7=7XSTIVJSVQEJPEWLGEPGYPEXMSR

4VSTIVX]ZEVMEFPIWGERIMXLIVFIWTIGMJMIHF]]SYSVFEGOGEPGYPEXIH
JVSQERSXLIVYRMXSTIVEXMSR%WTIGMJMIHZEVMEFPIMWXVIEXIHEWER
MRHITIRHIRXZEVMEFPI%PPSXLIVWXVIEQTVSTIVXMIWEVIXVIEXIHEW
HITIRHIRXZEVMEFPIWERHEVIGEPGYPEXIHF],=7=7

-RXLMWQERRIV,=7=7EPWSVIGSKRM^IW[LIREWXVIEQLEWFIIR
If a flash calculation has been
performed on a stream, HYSYS SZIVWTIGMJMIH*SVI\EQTPIMJ]SYWTIGMJ]XLVIIWXVIEQTVSTIVXMIWTPYW
will know all the property GSQTSWMXMSR,=7=7[MPPTVMRXSYXE[EVRMRKQIWWEKIXLEXER
values of that stream, i.e., MRGSRWMWXIRG]I\MWXWJSVXLEXWXVIEQ8LMWEPWSETTPMIWXSWXVIEQW[LIVI
thermodynamic, physical and
transport properties.
ERMRGSRWMWXIRG]LEWFIIRGVIEXIHXLVSYKL,=7=7GEPGYPEXMSRW*SV
I\EQTPIMJEWXVIEQ8IQTIVEXYVIERH4VIWWYVIEVIWTIGMJMIHMRE
*PS[WLIIXFYX,=7=7FEGOGEPGYPEXIWEHMJJIVIRXXIQTIVEXYVIJSVXLEX
WXVIEQEWEVIWYPXSJERIRXLEPT]FEPERGIEGVSWWEYRMXSTIVEXMSR
,=7=7[MPPKIRIVEXIER-RGSRWMWXIRG]QIWWEKI

A-59
A-60 Flash Calculations

,=7=7[MPPEYXSQEXMGEPP]TIVJSVQXLIETTVSTVMEXIJPEWL
GEPGYPEXMSR[LIRMXVIGSKRM^IWXLEXWYJJMGMIRXWXVIEQ
MRJSVQEXMSRMWORS[R8LMWMRJSVQEXMSRQE]LEZIFIIRIMXLIV
WTIGMJMIHF]XLIYWIVSVGEPGYPEXIHF]ERSTIVEXMSR
(ITIRHMRKSRXLIORS[RWXVIEQMRJSVQEXMSR,=7=7[MPPTIVJSVQ
SRISJXLIJSPPS[MRKJPEWLIW848:*8,874:*4,SV47

% 84*PEWL'EPGYPEXMSR
8LIMRHITIRHIRXZEVMEFPIWJSVXLMWX]TISJJPEWLGEPGYPEXMSREVIXLI
XIQTIVEXYVIERHTVIWWYVISJXLIW]WXIQ[LMPIXLIHITIRHIRXZEVMEFPIW
EVIXLIZETSYVJVEGXMSRIRXLEPT]ERHIRXVST]

See Section 1.4.5 - Stability

;MXLXLIIUYEXMSRWSJWXEXIERHEGXMZMX]QSHIPWVMKSVSYWGEPGYPEXMSRW
Test Tab for options on how to
instruct HYSYS to perform EVITIVJSVQIHXSHIXIVQMRIXLIGSI\MWXIRGISJMQQMWGMFPIPMUYMH
phase stability tests. TLEWIWERHXLIVIWYPXMRKGSQTSRIRXHMWXVMFYXMSRWF]QMRMQM^EXMSRSJ
XLI+MFFWJVIIIRIVK]XIVQ*SV:ETSYV4VIWWYVIQSHIPWSVXLI7IQM
)QTMVMGEPQIXLSHWXLIGSQTSRIRXHMWXVMFYXMSRMWFEWIHSRXLI
/IVSWIRIWSPYFMPMX]HEXE*MKYVI%SJXLI%4-(EXE&SSO

-JXLIQM\XYVIMWWMRKPITLEWIEXXLIWTIGMJMIHGSRHMXMSRWXLITVSTIVX]
TEGOEKIGEPGYPEXIWXLIMWSXLIVQEPGSQTVIWWMFMPMX]HZHTXSHIXIVQMRI
MJXLIJPYMHFILEZIWEWEPMUYMHSVZETSYV*PYMHWMRXLIHIRWITLEWI
VIKMSREVIEWWMKRIHXLITVSTIVXMIWSJXLITLEWIXLEXFIWXVITVIWIRXW
XLIMVGYVVIRXWXEXI

Use caution in specifying 2SXIXLEXQEXIVMEPWSPMHW[MPPETTIEVMRXLIPMUYMHTLEWISJX[STLEWI

solids with systems that are QM\XYVIWERHMRXLILIEZ]EUYISYWWPYVV]TLEWISJXLVIITLEWI
otherwise all vapour. Small
amounts of non-solids may W]WXIQW8LIVIJSVI[LIREWITEVEXSVMWWSPZIHYWMRKET-PJPEWLXLI
appear in the "liquid" phase. ZETSYVTLEWI[MPPFIMHIRXMGEPVIKEVHPIWWSJ[LIXLIVSVRSXWSPMHWEVI
TVIWIRXMRXLIJIIHXSXLIJPEWLHVYQ

% :ETSYV*VEGXMSR*PEWL
:ETSYVJVEGXMSRERHIMXLIVXIQTIVEXYVISVTVIWWYVIEVIXLI
MRHITIRHIRXZEVMEFPIWJSVXLMWX]TISJGEPGYPEXMSR8LMWGPEWWSJ
GEPGYPEXMSRIQFSHMIWEPPJM\IHUYEPMX]TSMRXWMRGPYHMRKFYFFPITSMRXW
ZETSYVTVIWWYVIERHHI[TSMRXW8STIVJSVQFYFFPITSMRXGEPGYPEXMSR
SREWXVIEQSJORS[RGSQTSWMXMSRWMQTP]WTIGMJ]XLI:ETSYV*VEGXMSR
SJXLIWXVIEQEWERHHIJMRIXLIXIQTIVEXYVISVTVIWWYVIEX[LMGL
XLIGEPGYPEXMSRMWHIWMVIH*SVEHI[TSMRXGEPGYPEXMSRWMQTP]WTIGMJ]

A-60
 Property Methods and Calculations A-61

XLI:ETSYV*VEGXMSRSJXLIWXVIEQEWERHHIJMRIXLIXIQTIVEXYVISV
TVIWWYVIEX[LMGLXLIHI[TSMRXGEPGYPEXMSRMWHIWMVIH0MOIXLISXLIV
X]TIWSJJPEWLGEPGYPEXMSRWRSMRMXMEPIWXMQEXIWEVIVIUYMVIH

All of the solids will appear in 2SXIXLEXXLIZETSYVJVEGXMSRMWEP[E]WWLS[RMRXIVQWSJXLIXSXEP

the liquid phase.
RYQFIVSJQSPIW*SVMRWXERGIXLIZETSYVJVEGXMSR:*VITVIWIRXWXLI
JVEGXMSRSJZETSYVMRXLIWXVIEQ[LMPIXLIJVEGXMSR:*
VITVIWIRXWEPPSXLIVTLEWIWMRXLIWXVIEQMIEWMRKPIPMUYMHPMUYMHWE
PMUYMHERHEWSPMH

(I[4SMRXW
+MZIREZETSYVJVEGXMSRWTIGMJMGEXMSRSJERHIMXLIVXIQTIVEXYVISV
TVIWWYVIXLITVSTIVX]TEGOEKI[MPPGEPGYPEXIXLISXLIVHITIRHIRX
ZEVMEFPI4SV8-JXIQTIVEXYVIMWXLIWIGSRHMRHITIRHIRXZEVMEFPI
,=7=7[MPPGEPGYPEXIXLIHI[TSMRXTVIWWYVI0MOI[MWIMJTVIWWYVIMWXLI
MRHITIRHIRXZEVMEFPIXLIRXLIHI[TSMRXXIQTIVEXYVI[MPPFI
GEPGYPEXIH6IXVSKVEHIHI[TSMRXWQE]FIGEPGYPEXIHF]WTIGMJ]MRKE
ZETSYVJVEGXMSRSJ-XMWMQTSVXERXXSRSXIXLEXEHI[TSMRXXLEXMW
VIXVSKVEHI[MXLVIWTIGXXSXIQTIVEXYVIGERFIRSVQEP[MXLVIWTIGXXS
TVIWWYVIERHZMGIZIVWE

&YFFPI4SMRXW:ETSYV4VIWWYVI
Vapour pressure and bubble
%ZETSYVJVEGXMSRWTIGMJMGEXMSRSJHIJMRIWEFYFFPITSMRX
point pressure are
synonymous. GEPGYPEXMSR+MZIRXLMWWTIGMJMGEXMSRERHIMXLIVXIQTIVEXYVISV
TVIWWYVIXLITVSTIVX]TEGOEKI[MPPGEPGYPEXIXLIYRORS[R8SV4
ZEVMEFPI%W[MXLXLIHI[TSMRXGEPGYPEXMSRMJXLIXIQTIVEXYVIMW
ORS[R,=7=7[MPPGEPGYPEXIXLIFYFFPITSMRXTVIWWYVIERHGSRZIVWIP]
KMZIRXLITVIWWYVI,=7=7[MPPGEPGYPEXIXLIFYFFPITSMRXXIQTIVEXYVI
*SVI\EQTPIF]JM\MRKXLIXIQTIVEXYVIEXš*XLIVIWYPXMRKFYFFPI
TSMRXTVIWWYVIMWXLIXVYIZETSYVTVIWWYVIEXš*

5YEPMX]4SMRXW
HYSYS will calculate the
&YFFPIERHHI[TSMRXWEVIWTIGMEPGEWIWSJUYEPMX]TSMRXGEPGYPEXMSRW
retrograde condition for the
specified vapour quality if the 8IQTIVEXYVIWSVTVIWWYVIWGERFIGEPGYPEXIHJSVER]ZETSYVUYEPMX]
vapour fraction is input as a FIX[IIRERHF]WTIGMJ]MRKXLIHIWMVIHZETSYVJVEGXMSRERHXLI
negative number. GSVVIWTSRHMRKMRHITIRHIRXZEVMEFPI-J,=7=7HMWTPE]WERIVVSV[LIR
GEPGYPEXMRKZETSYVJVEGXMSRXLIRXLMWQIERWXLEXXLIWTIGMJMIHZETSYV
JVEGXMSRHSIWRkXI\MWXYRHIVXLIKMZIRGSRHMXMSRWMIXLIWTIGMJMIH
TVIWWYVIMWEFSZIXLIGVMGSRHIRFEVSVXLIKMZIRXIQTIVEXYVIPMIWXSXLI
VMKLXSJXLIGVMGSRHIRXLIVQSREWXERHEVH48IRZIPSTI

A-61
A-62 Flash Calculations

% )RXLEPT]*PEWL
If a specified amount of energy
+MZIRXLIIRXLEPT]ERHIMXLIVXLIXIQTIVEXYVISVTVIWWYVISJEWXVIEQ
is to be added to a stream, this
may be accomplished by XLITVSTIVX]TEGOEKI[MPPGEPGYPEXIXLIYRORS[RHITIRHIRXZEVMEFPIW
specifying the energy stream %PXLSYKLXLIIRXLEPT]SJEWXVIEQGERRSXFIWTIGMJMIHHMVIGXP]MX[MPP
into either a COOLER/ SJXIRSGGYVEWXLIWIGSRHTVSTIVX]ZEVMEFPIEWEVIWYPXSJIRIVK]
HEATER or BALANCE
operation. FEPERGIWEVSYRHYRMXSTIVEXMSRWWYGLEWZEPZIWLIEXI\GLERKIVWERH
QM\IVW

-J,=7=7VIWTSRHW[MXLERIVVSVQIWWEKIERHGERRSXJMRHXLIWTIGMJMIH
TVSTIVX]XIQTIVEXYVISVTVIWWYVIXLMWTVSFEFP]QIERWXLEXER
MRXIVREPP]WIXXIQTIVEXYVISVTVIWWYVIFSYRHLEWFIIRIRGSYRXIVIH
7MRGIXLIWIFSYRHWEVIWIXEXUYMXIPEVKIZEPYIWXLIVIMWKIRIVEPP]WSQI
IVVSRISYWMRTYXXLEXMWHMVIGXP]SVMRHMVIGXP]GEYWMRKXLITVSFPIQWYGL
EWERMQTSWWMFPILIEXI\GLERKI

% )RXVST]*PEWL
+MZIRXLIIRXVST]ERHIMXLIVXLIXIQTIVEXYVISVTVIWWYVISJEWXVIEQ
XLITVSTIVX]TEGOEKI[MPPGEPGYPEXIXLIYRORS[RHITIRHIRXZEVMEFPIW

% ,ERHPMRKSJ;EXIV
;EXIVMWLERHPIHHMJJIVIRXP]HITIRHMRKSRXLIGSVVIPEXMSRFIMRKYWIH
8LIPRERHPRSVIUYEXMSRWLEZIFIIRIRLERGIHXSLERHPI, 3 

VMKSVSYWP][LIVIEWXLIWIQMIQTMVMGEPERHZETSYVTVIWWYVIQSHIPW
XVIEX, 3EWEWITEVEXITLEWIYWMRKWXIEQXEFPIGSVVIPEXMSRW


-RXLIWIGSVVIPEXMSRW, 3MWEWWYQIHXSJSVQERMHIEPTEVXMEPP]


QMWGMFPIQM\XYVI[MXLXLIL]HVSGEVFSRWERHMXW/ZEPYIMWGSQTYXIH
JVSQXLIVIPEXMSRWLMT

p°
Kω = -------------
( xs P ) %

where: p° = vapour pressure of H2O from Steam Tables

P = system pressure

xs = solubility of H O in hydrocarbon liquid at saturation



conditions.

A-62
 Property Methods and Calculations A-63

8LIZEPYIJSV\ MWIWXMQEXIHF]YWMRKXLIWSPYFMPMX]HEXEJSVOIVSWIRIEW
W

WLS[RMR*MKYVI%SJXLI%4-(EXE&SSO 8LMWETTVSEGLMW


KIRIVEPP]EHIUYEXI[LIR[SVOMRK[MXLLIEZ]L]HVSGEVFSRW]WXIQW
,S[IZIVMXMWRSXVIGSQQIRHIHJSVKEWW]WXIQW

*SVXLVIITLEWIW]WXIQWSRP]XLIPRERHPRSVTVSTIVX]TEGOEKIERH
%GXMZMX]1SHIPW[MPPEPPS[GSQTSRIRXWSXLIVXLER, 3MRXLIWIGSRH


PMUYMHTLEWI7TIGMEPGSRWMHIVEXMSRWEVIKMZIR[LIRHIEPMRK[MXLXLI
WSPYFMPMXMIWSJKP]GSPWERH', 3,*SVEGMHKEWW]WXIQWEXIQTIVEXYVI


HITIRHIRXMRXIVEGXMSRTEVEQIXIV[EWYWIHXSQEXGLXLIWSPYFMPMX]SJ
XLIEGMHGSQTSRIRXMRXLI[EXIVTLEWI

8LIPRIUYEXMSRGSRWMHIVWXLIWSPYFMPMX]SJL]HVSGEVFSRWMR, 3FYX


XLMWZEPYIQE]FIWSQI[LEXPS[8LIVIEWSRJSVXLMWMWXLEXE
WMKRMJMGERXP]HMJJIVIRXMRXIVEGXMSRTEVEQIXIVQYWXFIWYTTPMIHJSVGYFMG
IUYEXMSRWSJWXEXIXSQEXGLXLIGSQTSWMXMSRSJL]HVSGEVFSRWMRXLI
[EXIVTLEWIEWSTTSWIHXSXLI, 3GSQTSWMXMSRMRXLIL]HVSGEVFSR


TLEWI*SVXLIPRIUYEXMSRSJWXEXIXLIPEXXIVGEWI[EWEWWYQIHQSVI
GVMXMGEP8LIWIGSRHFMREV]MRXIVEGXMSRTEVEQIXIVMRXLIPRSVIUYEXMSR
[MPPEPPS[JSVERMQTVSZIHWSPYFMPMX]TVIHMGXMSRMRXLIEPXIVREXITLEWI

;MXLXLIEGXMZMX]GSIJJMGMIRXQSHIPWXLIPMQMXIHQYXYEPWSPYFMPMX]SJ
, 3ERHL]HVSGEVFSRWMRIEGLTLEWIGERFIXEOIRMRXSEGGSYRXF]


MQTPIQIRXMRKXLIMRWSPYFMPMX]STXMSRTPIEWIVIJIVXSSection A.2.2 -

Activity Models,=7=7[MPPKIRIVEXIYTSRVIUYIWXMRXIVEGXMSR
TEVEQIXIVWJSVIEGLEGXMZMX]QSHIP[MXLXLII\GITXMSRSJXLI;MPWSR
IUYEXMSRXLEXLEZIFIIRJMXXIHXSQEXGLXLIWSPYFMPMX]SJ, 3MRXLI


PMUYMHL]HVSGEVFSRTLEWIERHL]HVSGEVFSRWMRXLIEUYISYWTLEWI
FEWIHSRXLIWSPYFMPMX]HEXEVIJIVVIHXSMRXLEXWIGXMSR

2SXIXLEXXLIPeng-RobinsonERHSRKTVSTIVX]TEGOEKIW[MPPEP[E]W
JSVGIXLI[EXIVVMGLTLEWIMRXSXLILIEZ]PMUYMHTLEWISJEXLVIITLEWI
WXVIEQ%WWYGLXLIEUYISYWTLEWIMWEP[E]WJSVGIHSYXSJXLIFSXXSQ
SJEXLVIITLEWIWITEVEXSVIZIRMJEPMKLXPMUYMHTLEWIL]HVSGEVFSR
VMGLHSIWRSXI\MWX7SPMHW[MPPEP[E]WFIGEVVMIHMRXLIWIGSRHPMUYMH
TLEWI

A-63
A-64 Flash Calculations

% 7SPMHW
,=7=7HSIWRSXGLIGOJSVWSPMHTLEWIJSVQEXMSRSJTYVIGSQTSRIRXW
[MXLMRXLIJPEWLGEPGYPEXMSRWLS[IZIVMRGMTMIRXWSPMHJSVQEXMSR
GSRHMXMSRWJSV'3 ERHL]HVEXIWGERFITVIHMGXIH[MXLXLI9XMPMX]


4EGOEKIJSVQSVIMRJSVQEXMSRVIJIVXSChapter 9 - UtilitiesSJXLIUser’s

Guide

7SPMHQEXIVMEPWWYGLEWGEXEP]WXSVGSOIGERFILERHPIHEWYWIVHIJMRIH
WSPMHX]TIGSQTSRIRXW8LI,=7=7TVSTIVX]TEGOEKIXEOIWXLMWX]TISJ
GSQTSRIRXMRXSEGGSYRXMRXLIGEPGYPEXMSRSJXLIJSPPS[MRKWXVIEQ
ZEVMEFPIWWXVIEQXSXEPJPS[VEXIERHGSQTSWMXMSRQSPEVQEWWERH
ZSPYQIZETSYVJVEGXMSRIRXVST]IRXLEPT]WTIGMJMGLIEXHIRWMX]
QSPIGYPEV[IMKLXGSQTVIWWMFMPMX]JEGXSVERHXLIZEVMSYWGVMXMGEP
TVSTIVXMIW8VERWTSVXTVSTIVXMIWEVIGSQTYXIHSREWSPMHWJVIIFEWMW
2SXIXLEXWSPMHW[MPPEP[E]WFIGEVVMIHMRXLIWIGSRHPMUYMHTLEWIMI
XLI[EXIVVMGLTLEWI

7SPMHWHSRSXTEVXMGMTEXIMRZETSYVPMUYMHIUYMPMFVMYQ:0)
GEPGYPEXMSRW8LIMVZETSYVTVIWWYVIMWXEOIREW^IVS,S[IZIVWMRGI
WSPMHWHSLEZIERIRXLEPT]GSRXVMFYXMSRXLI][MPPLEZIERIJJIGXSR
LIEXFEPERGIGEPGYPEXMSRW8LYW[LMPIXLIVIWYPXWSJER8IQTIVEXYVI
JPEWL[MPPFIXLIWEQI[LIXLIVSVRSXWYGLGSQTSRIRXWEVITVIWIRXER
)RXLEPT]JPEWL[MPPFIEJJIGXIHF]XLITVIWIRGISJWSPMHW

%WSPMHQEXIVMEPGSQTSRIRXMWIRXIVIHEWEhypotheticalGSQTSRIRXMR
,=7=77IIChapter 2 - HypotheticalsJSVQSVIMRJSVQEXMSRSR
,]TSXLIXMGEPW

A-64
 Property Methods and Calculations A-65

% 7XVIEQ-RJSVQEXMSR
;LIREJPEWLGEPGYPEXMSRSGGYVWJSVEWXVIEQXLIMRJSVQEXMSRXLEXMW
VIXYVRIHMWHITIRHIRXSRXLITLEWIWTVIWIRX[MXLMRXLIWXVIEQ8LI
JSPPS[MRKXEFPIWLS[WXLIWXVIEQTVSTIVXMIWXLEX[MPPFIGEPGYPEXIHJSV
IEGLTLEWI

Steam Property Applicable PhasesA

Vapour Phase Mole Fraction F V L S
Vapour Phase Mass Fraction F V L S
Vapour Phase Volume Fraction F V L S
Temperature F V L S
Pressure F V L S
Flow F V L S
Mass Flow F V L S
Liquid Volume Flow F V L S
Volume Flow F V L S
Std. Gas Flow F V L S
Std. Volume Flow F L S
Energy F V L S
Molar Enthalpy F V L S
Mass Enthalpy F V L S
Molar Entropy F V L S
Mass Entropy F V L S
Molar Volume F V L S
Molar Density F V L S
Mass Density F V L S
Std. Liquid Mass Density FD L S
Molar Heat Capacity F V L S
Mass Heat Capacity F V L S
CP/CV F V L S
Thermal Conductivity FB,D V L
B,D
Viscosity F V L
Kinematic Viscosity FB,D V L
Surface Tension FB L
Molecular Weight F V L S
Z Factor FB V L S
Air SG FB V
Watson (UOP) K Value F V L S
Component Mole Fraction F V L S
Component Mass Fraction F V L S

A-65
A-66 References

Steam Property Applicable PhasesA

Component Volume Fraction F V L S
Component Molar Flow F V L S
Component Mass Flow F V L S
Component Volume Flow F V L S
K Value (y/x)
Lower Heating Value
Mass Lower Heating Value
Molar Liquid Fraction F V L S
Molar Light Liquid Fraction F V L S
Molar Heavy Liquid Fraction F V L S
Molar Heat of Vapourization FC V L
Mass Heat of Vapourization FC V L
Partial Pressure of CO2 F V L S

%
7XVIEQTLEWIW

F Feed
V Vapour
L Liquid
S Solid

&
4L]WMGEPTVSTIVX]UYIVMIWEVIEPPS[IHSRXLIJIIHTLEWISJWMRKPI
TLEWIWXVIEQW

'
4L]WMGEPTVSTIVX]UYIVMIWEVIEPPS[IHSRXLIJIIHTLEWISRP]JSV
WXVIEQWGSRXEMRMRKZETSYVERHSVPMUYMHTLEWIW

(
4L]WMGEPTVSTIVX]UYIVMIWEVIEPPS[IHSRXLIJIIHTLEWISJPMUYMH
WXVIEQW[MXLQSVIXLERSRIPMUYMHTLEWI

% 6IJIVIRGIW

4IRK(=ERH6SFMRWSR(&%8[S'SRWXERX)UYEXMSRSJ7XEXI
-)'*YRHEQIRXEPWTT


7SEZI+'LIQ)RKV7GM2ST


/RETT,IXEP:ETSV0MUYMH)UYMPMFVMEJSV1M\XYVIWSJ0S[
&SMPMRK7YFWXERGIW'LIQMWXV](EXE7IVMIW:SP:-()',)1%


A-66
 Property Methods and Calculations A-67


/EFEHM:2ERH(ERRIV64%1SHMJMIH7SEZI6IHPMGL/[SRK
)UYEXMSRSJ7XEXIJSV;EXIV,]HVSGEVFSR4LEWI)UYMPMFVME-RH
)RK'LIQ4VSGIWW(IW(IZ:SPYQI2STT


7XV]NIO6:IVE.,.'ER'LIQ)RKT%TVMP


%4-4YFPMGEXMSR%2I['SVVIPEXMSRSJ2,'3ERH,7
:SPEXMPMX](EXE*VSQ%UYISYW7SYV;EXIV7]WXIQW1EVGL


>YHOIZMXGL(.SJJII.'SVVIPEXMSRERH4VIHMGXMSRSJ:ETSV0MUYMH
)UYMPMFVME[MXLXLI6IHPMGL/[SRK)UYEXMSRSJ7XEXI%-'L)
.SYVREP:SPYQI2S.ERYEV]TT


6IMH'64VEYWRMX^.1ERH7LIV[SSH8/8LI4VSTIVXMIWSJ
+EWIWERH0MUYMHW1G+VE[,MPP&SSO'SQTER]


4VEYWRMX^.10MGLXIRXLEPIV62%^IZIHS)+1SPIGYPEV
8LIVQSH]REQMGWSJ*PYMH4LEWI)UYMPMFVMERH)H1G+VE[
,MPP-RG


'LES/(ERH7IEHIV.(%-'L).SYVREPTT
(IGIQFIV


+VE]WSR,+ERH7XVIIH+;:ETSYV0MUYMH)UYMPMFVMEJSV,MKL
8IQTIVEXYVI,MKL4VIWWYVI7]WXIQWXL;SVPH4IXVSPIYQ
'SRKVIWW;IWX+IVQER].YRI


.EGSFWIR68ERH7XI[EVX6&8LIVQSH]REQMG4VSTIVXMIWSJ
2MXVSKIR-RGPYHMRK0MUYMHERH:ETSYV4LEWIWJVSQ/XS/
[MXL4VIWWYVIXS&EV.4L]W'LIQ6IJIVIRGI(EXE



,EROMRWSR6;ERH8LSQTWSR+,%-'L).SYVREP2ST



)P].*ERH,ERPI],.1%'SQTYXIV4VSKVEQJSVXLI4VIHMGXMSR
SJ:MWGSWMX]ERH8LIVQEP'SRHYGXMZMX]MR,]HVSGEVFSR1M\XYVIW
2&78IGLRMGEP2SXI


8[Y',-)'4VSG(IW (IZT


6IMH6'4VEYWRMX^.14SPMRK&)8LI4VSTIVXMIWSJ+EWIW 
0MUYMHW1G+VE[,MPP-RG


;SIPJPMR;:MWGSWMX]SJ'VYHI3MP)QYPWMSRWTVIWIRXIHEXXLI
WTVMRKQIIXMRK4EGMJMG'SEWX(MWXVMGX(MZMWMSRSJ4VSHYGXMSR0SW

A-67
A-68 References

%RKIPIW'EPMJ1EV


+EQFMPP;6'LIQ)RK1EVGL


%4-8IGLRMGEP(EXE&SSO4IXVSPIYQ6IJMRMRK*MK%TXL
)HMXMSR


/IIRER.,ERH/I]IW*+8LIVQSH]REQMG4VSTIVXMIWSJ7XIEQ
;MPI]ERH7SRW

A-68
 Petroleum Methods/Correlations B-1

B- Petroleum Methods/
Correlations
B.1 Characterization Method............................................................................. 3
B.1.1 Generate a Full Set of Working Curves ................................................... 3
B.1.2 Light Ends Analysis ................................................................................. 4
B.1.3 Auto Calculate Light Ends ....................................................................... 7
B.1.4 Determine TBP Cutpoint Temperatures................................................... 7
B.1.5 Graphically Determine Component Properties ........................................ 8
B.1.6 Calculate Component Critical Properties................................................. 9
B.1.7 Correlations ............................................................................................. 9

B-1
B-2

B-2
 Petroleum Methods/Correlations B-3

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B-3
B-4 Characterization Method

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Figure B.1
FBP
Temperature

IBP
0 Percent Distilled 100

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B-4
 Petroleum Methods/Correlations B-5

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• Point A represents the boiling point of the heaviest light-end, n-

Pentane in this example.
• Point B represents the temperature at which the total Light
Ends percentage intersects the TBP working curve.

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XLIGYVZI[MPPFIIPMQMREXIH

Figure B.2
FBP
Temperature

A
B
NBP
nC5
Portion of Original Assay that will be
Renormalized to be on a Light Ends Free Basis
IBP
Cumulative
0 Light Ends Percent Distilled 100
% Distilled

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B-5
B-6 Characterization Method

Figure B.3

FBP

Temperature
B
NBP A
nC5 Portion of Original Assay that will be
Renormalized to be on a Light Ends Free Basis
IBP
Cumulative
0 Light Ends Percent Distilled 100
% Distilled

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Figure B.4

FBP
Temperature

A
NBP Portion of Original Assay that will be
nC5 Renormalized to be on a Light Ends Free Basis
B
Portion of TBP that is Eliminated due to Inconsistencies
Between the Distillation and Light-Ends Analyses
IBP
Cumulative
0 Light Ends Percent Distilled 100
% Distilled

B-6
 Petroleum Methods/Correlations B-7

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TVSGIHYVI

Figure B.5

FBP
Cumulative Portion of Original Assay that will be
Light Ends Renormalized to be on a Light Ends Free Basis
% Distilled
Temperature

NBP
nC5 New IBP point for the TBP curve
iC5
nC4 Centroid Volume of the Last Light-End Component
iC4
IBP
iC4 nC4 iC5 nC5
0 Percent Distilled 100

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B-7
B-8 Characterization Method

Figure B.6

T4

T3

Temperature
T2

T1

CUT1 CUT2 CUT3 CUT4

IBP
0 Percent Distilled 100

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Figure B.7

T4
Temperature

T3
T2

T1
CUT1 CUT2 CUT3 CUT4
IBP
0 Percent Distilled 100

B-8
 Petroleum Methods/Correlations B-9

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Critical Property
Range of Applicability
Correlation

These equations yield nearly identical results to those obtained using the
graphical correlations found in the API Data Book for boiling temperatures
Lee-Kesler
below 1250°F (677°C). The equations have been modified to extend beyond
this range, but an upper limit is not given by the authors.
The author does not present any reference as to which data were used for the
development of the correlations or their limitations. Experience has proven
Cavett these correlations to produce very good results for fractions whose API gravity
is greater than zero or for highly aromatic and naphthenic fractions such as
coal tar liquids.
In the boiling point range 0 - 602°F (-18 - 317°C), these correlations perform
slightly better than other methods. Their most serious drawback is the
Riazi-Daubert
limitation of the boiling point to 855°F (457°C) for the calculation of critical
pressure and molecular weight.
Limitations for these correlations are not presented in the original publications.
The critical temperature and molecular weight correlations are particularly
Nokay
good for highly aromatic or naphthenic systems as shown in a paper by
Newman, "Correlations Evaluated for Coal Tar Liquids".
The main limitation of these correlations is that they should not be used for
fractions heavier than C20 (650°F, 343°C). They highly underestimate critical
Roess
temperatures for heavier fractions and should not be used for heavy oil
applications.
These equations are very accurate for pure components, but are restricted to
condensate systems with a limited amount of isomers. Edmister acentric
Edmister factors tend to be lower than Lee-Kesler values for fractions heavier than C20
(650°F, 343°C). It is recommended that application of the Edmister equation
be restricted to the range below C20.
These correlations were developed for lean gases and gas condensates with
Bergman relatively light fractions, thereby limiting their general applicability to systems
with carbon numbers less than C15.
This family of correlations is a modification of the original Nokay equations with
Spencer-Daubert
a slightly extended range of applicability.

B-9
B-10 Characterization Method

Critical Property
Range of Applicability
Correlation

These equations were presented for estimating boiling point, critical pressure
and critical temperature of paraffin hydrocarbons. Carbon number, which is
Rowe
used as the only correlating variable, limits the range of applicability to lighter
paraffinic systems.
The data of Matthews, Roland and Katz was used to develop these
correlations. Molecular weight and specific gravity are the correlating
Standing variables. Although Standing claims the correlations are for C7+ fractions, they
appear to be valid for narrower boiling point cuts as well. The correlations
should be used with caution for fractions heavier than C25 (841°F, 450°C).
These correlations are based on the PNA (Paraffin/Napthene/Aromatic)
Lyderson
concept similar to Peng-Robinson PNA.
This method is limited to components whose gravity does not exceed 0.875
because of the form of the PNA equations. Acentric factors for fractions
heavier than C20 are considerably higher than those estimated from either the
Bergman
Edmister or Lee-Kesler equation. These correlations are included primarily for
completeness and should not be used for fluids containing fractions heavier
than C20.
This method is only for use in the prediction of specific gravity of hydrocarbon
components. Carbon number and aromaticity are the correlating variables for
this equation. The Yarborough method assumes that the C7+ molecular weight
Yarborough
and specific gravity are measured. It also assumes that the mole fractions are
measured from chromatographic analysis (paraffin molecular weights are
assumed to convert weight to mole fractions).
These correlations are only available for the prediction of molecular weight
Katz-Firoozabadi and specific gravity. Normal boiling point is the only correlating variable and
application should be restricted to hydrocarbons less than C45.
Limitations for these correlations have not been published by the author.
These equations produce excellent results for highly aromatic mixtures such
Mathur
as coal-tar liquids, but have not been rigorously examined for highly paraffinic
systems.
These correlations are similar to Riazi-Daubert correlations and should have
Penn State
approximately the same limitations.
These correlations yield results quite close to the Lee-Kesler equations, but
tend to produce better results for aromatic systems. Limitations for these
Aspen
equations are not available, but the Lee-Kesler limitations should provide a
good guide.
These correlations were developed for estimating molecular weight from
boiling point and specific gravity utilizing the Watson Characterization Factor,
Hariu Sage Kw. It provides reasonable extrapolation to boiling points greater than 1500°F
(816°C) and is more accurate than the Lee-Kesler molecular weight
correlation.

B-10
 Index

% user curves 148

working curves 145
Activity Models 12, A-6, A-15
ASTM D1160. See Laboratory Assay Procedures
See models - Chien Null, Margules, NRTL,
ASTM D2887. See Laboratory Assay Procedures
NRTL Options, UNIQUAC, van Laar,
ASTM D86. See Laboratory Assay Procedures
and Wilson
Auto Cut 153
additional specifications 19
binary interaction parameters 37 &
choosing vapour phase model 19, A-17, A-33
Basis Manager
departure calculations A-44
fluid package tab 8
estimating interaction parameters 37
hypotheticals tab 62
immiscible liquid phases A-19
oil manager tab 123
Amines Property Package 15, A-38
reactions tab 4-7
Antoine
user properties tab 5-3
modified vapour pressure model A-36
Blends
parameters tab 35
auto cutting 153
vapour pressure model 14
bulk data 151
ASME Steam A-40
composite plots 160
property package 15
correlations 156
Assay and Blend Association 169
cut ranges 152
Assay Data
distribution plots 159
general guidelines 132
information 157
no distillation data available 132, 144
notes 162
physical properties 138
oil distributions 158
standard input 134
plots summary 161
Assays
property plots 158
characterizing 126, 128
Braun K10 14, A-37
correlations 147
Bubble Point A-61
inputting 129
Bulk Properties 138
light ends 135
BWR Equation A-10
analysis B-4
auto calculating 138, B-7 '
included 136
inputting 137 Cavett Correlation A-44
light ends free 137 Chao Seader A-5, A-6, A-34
notes 149 models 14
plotting 146 parameters tab 34
selecting 151 semi-empirical method 14
types of 131 Chien Null A-17, A-20
activity model 13

I-1
I-2

parameters tab 32 )
Chromatographic Analysis. See Laboratory Assay
EFV (Equilibrium Flash Vapourization). See
Procedures
Laboratory Assay Procedures
Chromatographic Assay Input 142
Eley-Rideal Model 4-26
Coal Analysis 90
Enthalpy Basis A-42
Component Selection 23, 26
tabular 50
control 15
Enthalpy Departure Calculations A-41
family filter 22, 23
Enthalpy Flash A-62
general procedure 24
Entropy Flash A-62
warning messages 16
Equations of State (EOS) 12, A-8
Components
additional information 18
adding 20
departure calculation A-42
available 15
interaction parameters 35
cloning. See Hypotheticals, cloning library
See models - Kabadi Danner, Lee-Kesler
components
Plocker, Peng Robinson, PRSV, Peng
creating custom. See Hypotheticals, adding
Robinson Options, SRK, SRK Options,
current components 21
Zudkevitch Joffee.
filtering 24
Equations of State Enthalpy Calculation A-14
hypotheticals quick access 29
Equilibrium Reactions 4-11, 4-16–4-20
incompatible 17
Esso Tabular A-37
name format 22, 25
vapour pressure model 14
non recommended 16
Extended NRTL. See NRTL Options
parameters tab 31
removing 21, 27 *
selection 23, 26
sorting 21, 28 Flash Calculations A-59
substituting 21, 27 handling water A-62
synonyms 22 temperature-pressure (TP) A-60
tab 20 vapour fraction A-60
transferring 26 Flow Rate
viewing 21, 29 actual gas A-58
Conversion Reactions 4-11, 4-12–4-15 actual volume A-58
rank 4-39 as a specification A-58
Correlations available A-54
assay 147 densities, liquid and vapour A-55
blend 156 liquid volume A-57
critical property B-9 mass A-57
oil characterization 165 molar A-57
Cut 152 standard gas A-58
Cut/Blend. See Blends or Oil Characterzation standard liquid volume A-57
Cutpoint B-7 volumetric A-54
Fluid Package
( activity models 12
adding 8
D86 Interconversion Methods 127
adding - quick start 9
D86. See Laboratory Assay Procedures
adding notes 57
Density.See Liquid Density or Vapour Density
advantages 7
Dew Point A-61
associated flowsheet 8
base property selection 11

I-2
 I-3

copy 8 moving 63
delete 8 property view 80
equations of state 12 quick reference 62
export 8 solid hypotheticals 71, 88
import 8 temperature dependent properties 85
property package 11 UNIFAC structure builder 71, 77
property view 10 vapour pressure properties 73
reactions 42 viewing 63, 71
stability test 39 viewing group. See Hypothetical Group, viewing
tabular 42
-
See also Tabular Package
Fugacity Coefficients A-47 Ideal Gas Law A-33
departure calculations A-44
+
Installing
General NRTL. See NRTL Options oils 126
Grayson Streed A-6, A-34 reaction set 4-43
parameters tab 34 Interaction Parameters
semi-empirical method 14 activity models 37, A-18
equations of state 35
,
estimating A-14
Henry’s Law A-31 Henry’s Law A-32
Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions 4-11, 4-26–4-31
/
Eley-Rideal 4-26
Langmuir-Hinshelwood 4-26 K/ln(K) Equilibrium Constant 4-19
Mars-van Krevelen Model 4-26 Kabadi Danner A-8, A-10
Hypothetical Components. See Hypotheticals equation of state 12
Hypothetical Group parameters tab 31
controls 70 Kinetic Reactions 4-20–4-25
creating 62, 69 requirements 4-11
deleting 62
0
exporting 62
group name 70 Laboratory Assay Procedures
importing 62 ASTM D1160 120, 131
moving 95 ASTM D2887 120, 131
moving between 63 ASTM D86 120, 131
notes 71 ASTM D86 and D1160 131
viewing 62, 94 chromatographic analysis 120, 132
Hypotheticals assay input 142
adding 29, 71 D86 interconversion method 127
adding a hypothetical - quick start 63 equilibrium flash vapourization 120, 132
adding hypothetical group 30 preparation 136
base properties 72 TBP analysis 119, 131
cloning library components 63, 71, 92 Langmuir-Hinshelwood Model 4-26
critical properties 82 Lee Kesler Plocker 12, A-8, A-10
deleting 71 Lee-Kesler Enthalpy A-14, A-34, A-45
estimating properties 71, 83 Liquid Density A-48
estimation methods 70, 74 actual A-55
individual controls 71 ideal A-56
minimum information required 73 standard A-55

I-3
I-4

1 4
Margules A-17, A-24 Peng Robinson A-5, A-6, A-9
activity model 13 departure calculations A-42
Mars-van Krevelen Model 4-26 equation of state 12
MBWR A-40 fugacity coefficient A-47
property package 15 modelling vapour phase A-33
Peng Robinson Options A-8
2
PRSV 12
NBS Steam A-40 Sour PR 12, A-5, A-13
property package 15 Physical Properties A-48
NRTL (Non Random Two Liquid) A-17, A-19, A-25 Poynting Correction 19, A-17
activity model 13 PPDS 48
NRTL Options A-19 Property Package
Extended NRTL 13, A-22 selecting a A-3
General NRTL 13, A-22 Property Packages
See Amines Property Package, Braun K10,
3 Chao Seader, Esso Tabular, Grayson
Oil Characterization Streed, Lee Kesler Plocker, Margules,
analysis methods. See Laboratory Assay MBWR, PRSV, Peng Robinson,
Procedures Peng Robinson Options, SRK, SRK Options,
boiling point range 127 Steam Packages, UNIQUAC, van Laar
bulk blending data 151 and Wilson.
component critical properties B-9 PRSV (Peng Robinson Stryjek Vera) A-5, A-11
composite plots 160 equation of state 12
correlations 122, 126, 147, 165 parameters tab 31
cutting/blending 126, 149 Pseudo Component Generation 149
deleting 126 5
density curves 140
determining TBP cutpoints B-7 Quality Pressure A-61
distribution plots 159
6
FBP 127
IBP 127 Reaction Rank 4-39
installing oil 170 Reaction Sets 4-35
laboratory data corrections 122 adding 4-36
light ends 135, 136, 137, B-4 adding to fluid package 4-36, 4-42
method B-3 advanced features 4-38
molecular weight curves 140 attaching to unit operations 4-43
notes 169 copying 4-36
physical property curves 121, 139 deleting 4-36
procedure 122 exporting 4-36, 4-41
property plots 158 importing 4-36, 4-41
property view 126 quick access 42
purpose 99 solver method 4-37
quick start 100, 113 viewing 4-36
user properties 126, 162 Reactions
viscosity curves 141 activating 4-37
working curves 145 adding 4-12
components 4-7, 4-8

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conversion. See Conversion Reactions library 48

copying 4-12 mixing 47
deactivating 4-37 plotting 49
deleting 4-12 regression 51
equilibrium. See Equilibrium Reactions requirements 43
heterogeneous catalytic. See Heterogeneous supplying data 50
Catalytic Reactions using 44
kinetic. See Kinetic Reactions viewing selection 48
library reactions 4-10 Thermal Conductivity A-52
quick start 4-3 Transport Properties A-48
selecting components 4-7, 4-9
9
sets. See Reaction Sets
simple rate. See Simple Rate Reactions UNIFAC LLE
thermodynamic consistency 4-22 interaction parameter estimation 38
viewing 4-12 UNIFAC Property Estimation A-18
Redlich Kwong (RK) A-33 UNIFAC Structure Builder 77
departure calculations A-45 UNIFAC VLE
interaction parameter estimation 37
7
UNIQUAC (Universal Quasi Chemical Parameters)
Simple Rate Reactions 4-32–4-34 13, A-17, A-26
requirements 4-11 User Points 154
Solids A-64 User Properties 148, 162, 5-3–5-7
Sour PR. See Peng Robinson Options adding 5-4
Sour SRK. See SRK Options component property values 5-7
Sour Water Options A-13 deleting 5-4
See SRK Options and Peng Robinson Options equation parameters 5-5
SRK (Soave Redlich Kwong) A-5, A-6, A-8, A-9 mixing rules 5-6
departure calculations A-42 notes 5-7
equation of state 12 viewing 5-4
fugacity coefficient A-47 User Ranges 154
modelling vapour phase A-33
:
SRK Options A-8
See Kabadi Danner and Zudkevitch Joffee van Laar A-17, A-28
Sour SRK 12, A-5, A-13 activity model 13
Stability Test 38 Vapour Density A-49
parameters 39 Vapour Pressure A-61
Steam Packages A-40 Vapour Pressure Models 14, A-6, A-35
See ASME Steam and NBS Steam Antoine 14
Stream Information A-65 Braun K10 14
Sulfur Curve 113 Esso Tabular 14
Surface Tension A-53 Virial Equation A-17
departure calculations A-45
8
modelling vapour phase A-34
Tabular Package 42 Viscosity A-49
active properties selection 46 liquid phase mixing rules A-51
available properties 47
;
data 47
enthalpy basis 50 Water A-62
global calculation behaviour 46 Wilson 13, A-17, A-29

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parameters tab 34
Working Curves B-3
>
Zudkevitch Joffee A-8, A-14
equation of state 12
parameters tab 32

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