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    Chronology of The Fort ST

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    Narendran Kumaravel
    The document outlines the chronology of Fort St. George from 1599 to 1790. It details how the East India Company established trading posts in India in the early 1600s that eventually grew into the Fort St. George in Madras. The fort changed hands between various Indian rulers over the 1600s and 1700s and saw periods of construction, expansion, destruction during conflicts between European powers and Indian rulers, and further strengthening in the late 1700s.

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    Chronology of The Fort ST

    Uploaded by

    Narendran Kumaravel
    33 views2 pages
    The document outlines the chronology of Fort St. George from 1599 to 1790. It details how the East India Company established trading posts in India in the early 1600s that eventually grew into the Fort St. George in Madras. The fort changed hands between various Indian rulers over the 1600s and 1700s and saw periods of construction, expansion, destruction during conflicts between European powers and Indian rulers, and further strengthening in the late 1700s.

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    CHRONOLOGY OF THE FORT ST

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    The document outlines the chronology of Fort St. George from 1599 to 1790. It details how the East India Company established trading posts in India in the early 1600s that eventually grew into the Fort St. George in Madras. The fort changed hands between various Indian rulers over the 1600s and 1700s and saw periods of construction, expansion, destruction during conflicts between European powers and Indian rulers, and further strengthening in the late 1700s.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    33 views2 pages

    Chronology of The Fort ST

    Uploaded by

    Narendran Kumaravel
    The document outlines the chronology of Fort St. George from 1599 to 1790. It details how the East India Company established trading posts in India in the early 1600s that eventually grew into the Fort St. George in Madras. The fort changed hands between various Indian rulers over the 1600s and 1700s and saw periods of construction, expansion, destruction during conflicts between European powers and Indian rulers, and further strengthening in the late 1700s.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    CHRONOLOGY OF THE FORT ST.

    GEORGE

    1599 -- The East India Company established in England by 24 merchants - importers to seek the bounties of the East.

    1600 -- Queen Elizabeth's charter granting the East India Company monopoly to trade with India for 15 years.

    1626 -- The Company established a factory in Surat and another in Machilipatnam.

    1639 -- Francis Day, an English trader and representative of the Company received a grant of land from Venkatadri

    Nayak of Poonamalee to erect a trading outpost, which grew into Fort St. George. (The Nayak of  Poonamalee was a

    vassal of the Raja of Chandragiri, the representative of the Vijayanagar King).

    1640 -- A trading outpost of the factory erected with in the first enclosure of the 'inner walls'. Beri Thimappa, the chief

    merchant, established Black Town, a settlement of weavers and other natives, to the north of this walled enclosure. The

    Fort of Madras named as Fort St. George.

    1646 -- The Raja of Chandragiri dethroned by the Mohammedan Sultan of Golconda,who assumed sovereignty of

    Hyderabad and the Carnatic.

    1648 -- The Company secured a fresh title from Golconda, to their possessions.

    Mid-1600 -- An outer wall constructed around the growing White Settlement.

    1680 -- St. Mary's Church built within the Fort.

    1687 -- The Sultan of Golconda dethroned by the Mughal Emperor, Aurangazeb. He gave control of Hyderabad, the

    capital of Golconda, to a Nizam or Mughal Viceroy and the Carnatic, that included the entire southeastern part of India,

    to a Nawab answerable to the Viceroy. The capital of the Carnatic being Arcot, the Nawab was called the Nawab of

    Arcot. The Company secured another title to their possessions from the representative of the Emperor.

    1694-95 -- Old Fort House was replaced by a new one that still remains at the core of the present Secretariat.

    1700-07 -- A protective mud wall built around Old Black Town.

    1711 -- Removal of the inner walls surrounding the Fort House, its rubble used to form the Fort Square.
    1746 -- French siege and capture of Madras.

    1746-49 -- The French destroyed part of Black Town for security reasons. Battle of the Adyar River between the French

    and the Nawab's troops, the French won and occupied Santhome.

    1749 -- Quarrel for supremacy between two princes of the Carnatic. The French supported one side and the English the

    other. Clive captures Arcot and the English emerge victorious. Mohammed Ali the Nawab of Arcot, became the

    undisputed leader. The Nawab of Arcot gifted Santhome to the English.

    1752 -- Madras once again became of the seat of the Presidency.

    1756 -- Period of hectic construction and reconstruction of the Fort, most of which remain today. Strengthening of the

    western front of the Fort and levelling of Hog Hill, the natural mound further west. King's Barracks built within the Fort

    to house the King's Regiment.

    1757-58 -- Demolition of the old Town Temple. Building of the northern face of the Fort.

    1758-59 -- The French, under Count Lally, unsuccessfully besieged Fort St. George.

    1760 -- Removal of the remaining parts of old Black town that was destroyed by the French in 1746-49 by the English,

    and creation of the Esplanade between the Fort walls and new location in George Town after the old Town Temple was

    demolished.

    1767-72 -- Further strengthening of Fort St. George. Building of the 6 km long Black Town walls by Paul Benfield to

    protect the native residents of George Town. A small landscaped park called Madi Poonga now occupies a portion of this

    protected wall. The Grand Arsenal constructed within the Fort and the Armenian Church built on the site of the old

    cemetery.

    1790 -- Fort Exchange established and built within the Fort by Free Merchants. It was later converted to Fort Museum in

    1948.

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