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9
English
Quarter 2, Wk.1 - Module 5
Understanding Compare and Contrast

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

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English- Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode

Quarter 2, Wk.1 Module5: Understanding Compare and Contrast

First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
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Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand

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authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education – Division of Iligan City

Schools Division Superintendent: Roy Angelo E. Gazo, PhD.,CESO V

DEVELOPMENT TEAM OF THE MODULE

Writer/s: DORIS JADE S. LOMA

Content and Language Evaluators: MARIO L. ARAGO
GREGORIA P. BADO, DAISY B. GENTILESD
Design and Lay-out Evaluators: FE A. OBLENDA
Illustrator/Layout Artist: REZZEL MAE A. MONTICILLO

Management Team
Chairperson: Roy Angelo E. Gazo, PhD, CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent

Co-Chairpersons: Nimfa R. Lago, MSPh, PhD, CESE

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Members: Henry B. Abueva, EPS, OIC-CID Chief

Sherlita L. Daguisonan, LRMS Manager
John Ryan Dela Cruz – Division English Coordinator
Meriam S. Otarra, PDO II
Charlotte D. Quidlat, Librarian II

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education – Division of Iligan City
Office Address: General Aguinaldo, St., Iligan City
Telefax: (063)221-6069
E-mail Address: [email protected]

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 9
English
Quarter 2, Wk.1-Module 5
Understanding Compare and Contrast

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by select teachers, school heads, Division English Coordinator of the
Department of Education - Division of Iligan City. We encourage teachers
and other education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and
recommendations to the Department of Education-Iligan City Division at
[email protected] or Telefax: (063)221-6069.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippine

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 Table of Contents

What This Module is About......................................................................................................... v

What I Need to Know................................................................................................................... v

How to Learn from this Module................................................................................................. v

Icons of this Module..................................................................................................................... vi

What I Know................................................................................................................................. vii

Lesson 1:

Making Life Better.............................................................................................................. 1

What I Need to Know......................................................................................... 1

What’s New ...................................................................................................... 1

What Is It.............................................................................................................. 4

What’s More ........................................................................................................ 5

What I Have Learned.........................................................................................7

What I Can Do..................................................................................................... 8

Summary………………………………………………………………………………………9

Assessment: (Post-Test)……………………………………………………………………9

Key to Answers.......................................................................................................................... 10

References.................................................................................................................................. 12

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 What This Module is About

Learning continues every day. In your previous lessons, you gave much
attention to reading for understanding. If you carried out what you learned there
in all your school work, you should now be able to read with a high degree of
comprehension. As you grow older and come more and more into contact with the world
beyond your home and school, you will need an additional skill – the ability to understand
comparing and contrasting similar information presented in different texts. Compare as used
here means to note the similarity between and contrast is to note the difference between. (I
rephrased this in the succeeding sentences.) To determine your understanding about what
has been read, you will be able to apply the knowledge and skills you have learned to
practical works in a real life situation. One of these skills is the ability to distinguish the
similarities and differences between two different objects or ideas - Comparing and
Contrasting. (As a mature student) In addition, to manifest understanding, you must have the
ability to get not only the underlying meaning of what has been read, but also to pass
judgment on the validity of the writer’s ideas. Your work in reading in the 9 th grade will focus
on acquiring the skills necessary for such reading.

The basis for understanding the idea of comparing and contrasting is the ability to
distinguish similar and different views from different texts presented. If you can consistently
use this skill, you are well prepared to read with comprehension. You can then proceed to
the steps that will help you not only to get meaning of a selection but also to pass judgment
on the merits of the work.

What I Need to Know

The use of this learning material aims to give learners better understanding of
comparing and contrasting similar information from different texts and demonstrate their
understanding through different strategies. It also helps them identify the similarities and
differences among (subject matter) objects and ideas/views.

How to Learn from this Module

To achieve the objectives cited above, you are expected to do the following:

• Take your time reading the lessons carefully.

• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises diligently.

• Answer all the given tests and exercises

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Icons of this Module
What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that
Know are set for you to learn as you go along the
module.

What I know This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,
meant specifically to gauge prior related
Knowledge
What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that
of the current one.

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented
to you

What is It These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and under-
standing of the concept.

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to
master the competencies.

What I Have Activities designed to process what you

Learned have learned from the lesson

What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and
applied into real-life concerns and situations.

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 What I Know

Activity 1: Give ‘me a Clue!

Clue words can be used to find ideas and facts that two things have in common
as well as those that are unique to each other. Below are just a few clue words; you
may add the list if you know one. Using the clue words, write your observation about how
the poem and song are written. Write your answers in a sheet of paper.

Compare Contrast

Same Different

Both But

Alike On the other hand

Similar Instead of

Compare to In contrast to

Activity 2: Simple Recall

In a sheet of paper, compare and contrast the following life activities.

1.Compare and contrast your two favorite sports.

2.Compare and contrast two trips you have taken.

3.Compare and contrast two books you have read or two films you have watched.

4.Compare and contrast two of your classes.

5.Compare and contrast two hobbies you enjoy.

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 Lesson Title of the Lesson

1 Understanding Compare and Contrast

What I Need to Know

After going through this module, learners are expected to compare
and contrast similar information presented in different texts. Specifically, learners can give
distinction between the lyrics of the song Auld Lang Syne and the text from I Think
Continually of Those Who Were Truly Great by Stephen Spender.

What’s New

Reading Text 1

Auld Lang Syne Lyrics

English Version

Should old acquaintance be forgot,

And never brought to mind?
Should old acquaintance be forgot?
And old lang syne?
For old lang syne, my dear,
For old lang syne,
We’ll take a cup of kindness yet,
For old lang syne.
And surely, you’ll buy your pint cup!
And surely I’ll buy mine!

How do we remember the memories of old friends and acquaintances?

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 And we’ll take a cup of kindness yet,
for auld lang syne.
We two have run about the slopes,
And picked the daisies fine;
But we’ve wandered many a weary foot,
since auld lang syne.
We two have paddled in the stream,
From morning sun till dine;
But seas between us broad have roared
Since auld lang syne.
And there’s a hand my trusty friend!
And give us a hand o ‘thine!
And we’ll take a right good – will draught,
For auld lang syne

Activity 1: Checking for understanding:

1. What is the message of the song?

2. On what occasion do you usually hear the song Auld lang syne?

3. Enumerate the memories mentioned in the song.

4. To whom the song is dedicated?

Reading Text 2

How do we honor great people?

I Think Continually of Those Who Were Truly Great

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Stephen Spender
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Activity 2: Checking for understanding:

1.What is the message of the poem?

2.As mentioned in the poem, how do great people being remembered?

3.What should we not forget according to Spender?

Activity 3: The Zen of Venn!

Go over the two texts again. Create a Venn diagram that compare and contrast
the song “Auld Lang Syne” and the poem “I Think Continually of Those who were Truly
Great” in terms of content, value and the author’s purpose.

Text 1 Text 2

What Is It
Compare and contrast in relation to reading skills, have specific meaning
and function. Compare, in relation to reading, refers to the process of identifying the
similarities and differences between two things. On the other hand, Contrast refers to
identifying only the differences between two things. While the distinction between these
two terms may appear on the surface to be quite subtle, it is important that students can
accurately differentiate between the two concepts to ensure they are able to answer
questions and prompts accurately. An effective approach where students can coherently
use this skill is to follow the following steps:

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  Analyze the question. It is very important that you clearly understand what exactly
the question is asking you to do. If, for example, the question asks you to contrast
the opinions of two critics on the use of metaphor in a poem, you need only to
focus on the parts of the text where the critics deal with metaphor and,
furthermore, you need only focus on where these two opinions differ. On the
other hand, if the question asks you to compare the views of the two critics, you
must focus on both similarities and differences in their answer.
 Identifying Similarities and Differences in the content. Once you identified the
nature of the question, you can then start to read the text and take note of the
similarities and differences in terms of content. You can begin by highlighting or
underlining the appropriate information in the text. It is often helpful for you to use
graphic organizers to visually display the information you extract. Venn diagrams
are particularly suitable for displaying comparisons as they can usefully display
areas of difference, as well as any overlapping similarities.
 Identifying similarities and differences in the structure. This will require you to
give consideration to the genre of each text. Often, you are asked to compare
texts that are in the same genre. Sometimes, however, you will be asked about
texts which share a common theme, but are presented in different genres. You
may also look at a variety of elements of structure, including how the text is
presented in terms of:

a. The length of sentences and paragraphs

b. The progression of ideas and arguments
c.The point of view expressed (Informative? Emotional?)
d.The use of stylistic elements such as irony, humor, emotional appeal,
etc.
e. The setting, the characters, and plot in fiction
f. The use of facts and statistics in nonfiction.
 Identifying Similarities and Differences in Media. Advances in technology make it
even more important that you develop your literacy skills in media beyond the
printed world. When reading a text, you must recognize if the text is visual
or audio in nature too. You will encounter texts whether in print or online, which
contain information presented in a variety of ways, including diagrams, charts,
photographs, and illustrations. Online texts may contain embedded videos and
audio tracks. These elements should not be ignored as they are intrinsic part of
how text operates and, therefore, you should be prepared to compare and
contrast these too.

What’s More

Now that you have learned the concept of comparing and contrasting
things or ideas, it’s time to test your understanding. Complete the chart below by filling in
what is asked. Make use of the texts (Auld Lang Syne and I think Continually) to extract
information.

Activity 1: Put it on a chart!

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 Attributes to Compare Title:_______________________ Title: _________________
and Contrast

Settings

Characters

Events

Theme

Activity 2: Is it a Yes or a No

Go back to the two texts. Write Yes if the statement is from the first text, No if it’s
from the second.

_______ 1. The speaker of the poem values friendship.

_______ 2. The poem uses descriptive words.

_______ 3. The message of the text is to share a drink in honor of things that have
passed and to remember old friends.

_______ 4. The author in the text shows reverence to those who have fought to
enlighten the world.

_______ 5. According to the speaker, those who are great will learn from history and will
strive to fight the traffic that attempts to crush their spirit.

Activity 3: Visual Contrasts!

Reflect and evaluate the pictures below. Record your findings (similarities and
differences). Write your observation in a sheet of paper.

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Influenza victims in an emergency hospital near Camp Funston (now Fort Riley) in Kansas in 1918.
Photograph: AP Photo/National Museum of Health

The Jakarta Post( Corona virus Pandemic)

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 What I Have Learned

Activity 1. Writeshop!

To make a deeper understanding of the concept, write a paragraph that compares a

movie and a book about the same topic. In your paper, you can compare and contrast
the movie version with the book version. As a suggestion, you may utilize watt pad
stories.

What I Can Do
Make a compare and contrast chart and list down the items that are alike
and different from the two texts presented in the previous page.

Text # 1 Text # 2

How are they alike?

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How are they different?

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 Summary

The lesson presented talks about how to compare and contrast especially on items that
are similar and are presented in different texts. It is an ability to look at objects and
thinking how they are alike and different. The texts examined “Auld Lang Syne and I
think Continually by Stephen Spender paved the way to you as learners to experience
evaluating using the compare and contrast strategy.

Reading with comprehension is essential to point out how ideas, opinions or

objects, similar or different from each other based on the manner they are presented
in the different context or sources. Further, comparing and contrasting ideas is a skill
that helps you to distinguish the veracity about the given views or information
presented in various sources which also paves you to recognize the author’s views
about the topic.

With your knowledge at hand, you are now an alert reader who constantly
evaluate ideas presented to you and be able to pass judgment on them and to derive
opinions on matters of importance.

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Assessment: (Post - Test)
Answer the questions diligently.
1.Ron and Michael are in different classes. This is an example of:
a. comparing b. contrasting
2.When we compare and contrast while reading, we are looking for?
a. similarities and differences b. wrongs and rights
c. truth and lies d. clues and facts
3. Mary and Tracy are twin sisters. They are fourteen years of age. This is an example
of:
a. comparing b. contrasting c. chronological order d. fact and opinion
4. When you compare and contrast, you only tell how things are alike.
a. True b. False
5. Which of the following transitions show a contrast in thoughts?
a. In the same way b. Accordingly c. On the other hand, d. Also
6. To show differences; point out how things are different to ______.
a. compare b. contrast c. describes d. summarizes
7. When you compare and contrast two characters, what is NOT something you look at?
a. what the characters say b. what author says about the characters
c. what the characters look like d. what the author’s name

8. Bill and Jack enjoy eating pizza. Bill’s favorite pizza is pepperoni and Jack only likes
cheese pizza. Their favorite place to eat pizza is at Mario’s Pizza. How are Bill and Jack
alike?
a. They hate pizza. B. They are good friends c. They both like pizza
d. They like cake.
9. Janet and Kylie were best friends, they liked to do everything together. Kylie loved
horseback riding and so did Janet. Janet loved swimming, and although Kylie did not
know how to swim, she loved the water. Janet enjoyed vacationing in tropic areas while
Kylie liked arctic zones.
In what ways do the two girls contrast?
a. Kylie loved swimming and so with Janet. B. Kylie loved horseback riding and
Janet did not. C. Janet liked vacationing in tropic areas while Kylie liked arctic zones.
d.Kylie liked to vacation in tropic areas while Janet liked peaceful grasslands.
10. How is life on the farm likely the most different from Angie’s urban life at home?
a.Angie likely never spends time with her aunt and uncle at home.

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 b.Angie likely never gets up at 6 a.m. at home
c. Angie likely does not have chickens at home
d. Angie likely does not have to do chores at home

Key to Answers
A. What I Know

(Activity 1) Answers may vary!

B. What’s New
(Activity 1) Answers may vary!
(Activity 2) Answers may vary!

(Activity 3) Auld Lang Syne content – for old times’ sake, uses the song to end Jamboree and
other functions like funerals, graduation or farewell song. It values friendship. The purpose of
the author is to remember long standing friendships.
I think Continually of those who were truly Great content – about remembering great people.
The value focuses on advocating reincarnation or getting in touch with the ancient roots that
form the lifeblood of greatest poetry and the purpose of the song is to pay homage to the great
people in history.
C.What’s More
(Activity 1) Text # 1 – Theme is importance of friendship
Characters – old friends
Setting – may vary
Events – Jamboree, Funerals, New Year ’s Eve
Text # 2 – Theme is about greatness
Characters – speaker of the poem
Setting – not specified
Events – could be wars in history or personal struggles
(Activity 2)
1.Yes 2. No 3. Yes 4. No 5. No

D. What I Have Learned ‒ Answers will vary

E. What Can I Do ‒ Answers will vary
F. Post Test (Assessment)
1.b 2. a 3.a 4. b 5.c 6. c. 7.d 8.c. 9.c. 10. c

(Activity 2) Answers may vary!

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References

"Auld Lang Syne." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Last modified December 18,
2003. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auld_Lang_Syne.

Compare and contrast questions for tests and worksheets - Page 2. (n.d.).
HelpTeaching.com - Free Printable K-12
Worksheets. https://www.helpteaching.com/questions/Compare_and_Contrast?
pageNum=2

"Exploring Compare and Contrast Structure in Expository Texts." Readwritethink.org.

Accessed June 4, 2020. https://www.readwritethink.org/classroom-resources/lesson-
plans/exploring-compare-contrast-structure-54.html?tab=4.

"ReadWriteThink: Student Materials: Comparison and Contrast Guide."

ReadWriteThink - ReadWriteThink. Accessed June 5, 2020.
https://readwritethink.org/files/resources/interactives/compcontrast.

Larson, Jennifer. "Compare and Contrast Activities." The-teacher-next-door.com.

Last modified August 18, 2019. https://the-teacher-next-door.com/my-
blog/reading/compare-and-contrast-activities.

"Teaching Compare and Contrast — Literacy Ideas." Literacy Ideas. Accessed

June 5, 2020. https://literacyideas.com/compare-and-contrast.

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 For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Division of Iligan City

Office Address: General Aguinaldo, St., Iligan City
Telefax: (063)221-6069
E-mail Address: [email protected]

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