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    Testing Water Hardness

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    Aref Dahabrah
    This document provides instructions for testing the hardness of different types of water. Students are asked to collect samples of rainwater, seawater, temporarily hard water, permanently hard water, and temporarily hard water that has been boiled. For each sample, they measure the volume of soap solution needed to create a lasting lather, recording their results. By comparing these volumes, students can determine the relative hardness of each water type and whether the hardness is temporary or permanent.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Testing Water Hardness

    Uploaded by

    Aref Dahabrah
    24 views2 pages
    This document provides instructions for testing the hardness of different types of water. Students are asked to collect samples of rainwater, seawater, temporarily hard water, permanently hard water, and temporarily hard water that has been boiled. For each sample, they measure the volume of soap solution needed to create a lasting lather, recording their results. By comparing these volumes, students can determine the relative hardness of each water type and whether the hardness is temporary or permanent.

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    TestingWaterHardness

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    This document provides instructions for testing the hardness of different types of water. Students are asked to collect samples of rainwater, seawater, temporarily hard water, permanently hard water, and temporarily hard water that has been boiled. For each sample, they measure the volume of soap solution needed to create a lasting lather, recording their results. By comparing these volumes, students can determine the relative hardness of each water type and whether the hardness is temporary or permanent.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    24 views2 pages

    Testing Water Hardness

    Uploaded by

    Aref Dahabrah
    This document provides instructions for testing the hardness of different types of water. Students are asked to collect samples of rainwater, seawater, temporarily hard water, permanently hard water, and temporarily hard water that has been boiled. For each sample, they measure the volume of soap solution needed to create a lasting lather, recording their results. By comparing these volumes, students can determine the relative hardness of each water type and whether the hardness is temporary or permanent.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    Testing water hardness

    From http://www.chemsoc.org/networks/learnnet/Word_files/Kev41-50.doc

    Introduction
    Tap water in some parts of the country is very pure and is said to be ‘soft’. It easily makes a lather with soap.
    Water from other parts may contain various dissolved impurities and is described as ‘hard’ water. Temporary
    hardness may be removed by boiling, but permanent hardness survives the boiling process. In this practical
    activity, water hardness can be measured by finding out the volume of soap solution required to form a
    permanent lather with a known volume of water.

    What to record
    Record the volume of soap needed to produce a permanent lather with each type of water. Note any difference
    between the appearance of the samples after the addition of soap solution.

    Volume of soap required to produce


    Water type a permanent lather /cm3
    Rainwater
    Seawater
    Temporary hard water
    Seawater, boiled then cooled (permanent
    hard water)
    Temporary hard water, boiled then cooled

    What to do
    1. Collect a conical flask and bung. Check the bung is a good fit.
    2. Measure 10 cm3 of water sample into a conical flask using a measuring cylinder.
    3. Using the burette add 1 cm3 of soap solution to the water. Stopper the flask and shake vigorously. If no lather is
    produced, add another 1 cm3 of soap solution. Continue in this way until a permanent lather (one that lasts for 30
    seconds) is obtained. Record the volume of soap solution needed to produce a permanent lather.
    4. Repeat this procedure for the other water samples.
    Safety
    Wear eye protection.

    Questions
    1. Is the rainwater hard or soft?

    2. Is seawater hard or soft?

    3. Does seawater contain temporary hardness, permanent hardness or both?

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