Test 7 & 8 BDS

Anatomy Mcqs
The conus medullaris is the tapering point at the end of the spinal cord. It is located at
approximately __________.
 L 1/ L 2
 L 3/ L 4
 L 5/ L 6
The tail end of the spinal cord is not “hanging loose.” It is actually anchored via the
__________, which connects to the coccyx bone.
 cauda equina
 filum terminale
 conus medullaris
How many plexus groups branch off the spinal cord?
 3
 4
 5
Which of the following spinal cord regions are NOT involved with a plexus formation?
 cervical
 thoracic
 lumbar
The cauda equina are nerves that branch off the spinal cord in which of the following
areas?
 superior end
 lateral edges
 inferior end
C
What is the name of the structures that hold the spinal cord in position within the
vertebral foramen?
 filum terminale
 dorsal root ganglia
 denticulate ligaments
Which of the following transmits information from the spinal cord to the extremities of
the body?
 ventral roots
 dorsal roots
 dorsal root ganglia
Fasciculi are bundles of nerve tracts associated with __________.
 the gray matter of the spinal cord

 the white matter of the spinal cord
 the gray commissure of the spinal cord
The spinal cord consists of ascending tracts of axons and descending tracts of axons.
Which of the following are correct in reference to those tracts?
 The ascending tracts are found in the white matter and transmit sensory
information. The descending tracts are found in the gray matter and transmit motor
information.
 The ascending tracts are found in the gray matter and transmit sensory
information. The descending tracts are found in the white matter and transmit motor
information.
 Both tracts are found in the white matter. The ascending tract transmits sensory
information while the descending tracts transmit motor information.
2. The spinal cord is continuous with which part of the brain?

A. pons b. medulla oblongata
C. cerebellum D. midbrain
B
3. Does spinal nerves always form a link between the brain and the rest of the body?
A. yes B. no
C. except cranial nerves D. except spinal nerves
A
4. the spinal cord consist of which type of cell bodies?
A. sensory neurons B. motor neurons
C. connector neurons D. all of the above
B
5. Which column of grey matter receives the sensory input for the body?
A. posterior column B. anterior column
C. lateral column D. both B and C
A
6. Match the following-
a. upper motor neuron (voluntary) 1. has 3 elements
b. upper motor neuron(involuntary) 2. Anterior column of grey matter
c. lower motor neuron 3. Below cerebrum
d. spinal reflexes 4. Primary motor area of cerebrum
A3, A4
B4, B3
C2
D1
7. Where does receptors for pain, temp, touch lies?
A. muscles B. joints
C. tendons D. none of the above
A
8. Which neuron facilitates the involuntary muscle movements?
A. upper motor neuron B. lower motor neuron
c. connector neuron D. all of the above
A
9. Which of the following statement is true?
A. spinal reflexes has 4 elements
B. lower motor neurons has cell body in anterior column of grey matter
C. grey matter that lies transversely is lateral commissure
D. spinal cord has 3 equal parts
C
10.What includes the autonomic reflexes?
A. dilating of pupil B. contracting of pupil
C. dilating of iris D. contracting of iris
A
A 19 year old gang member presented in the ER with a stab wound of

the neck. Neurological examination revealed left hemiparesis with
complete loss of vibratory and joint position sense below C6 on the
same side as the weakness. Loss of pain and temperature sensation
was elicited on the left at C6 only and on the right below C6. An MRI of
the cervical spinal cord will reveal which of these findings?
Hemisection of the left spinal cord
Lesion of the dorsal column only on the left spinal cord
Complete transection of the spinal cord
Lesion of the left anterolateral white mater only of the spinal cord
Damage to the cervical dorsal roots at C6 on the left side only

E
During a play-off game, a college hockey player is struck hard on the back of
his neck with a hockey stick. A CT scan reveals a bone fragment lodged into
the medial aspect of his dorsal columns in the cervical spinal cord. Which of
the following functions will most likely be affected given this patient's
presentation?
Touch, pressure, vibratory sense from ipsilateral leg

Pain and temperature sense from contralateral leg
Pain from ipsilateral face
Pain and temperature sense from contralateral arm
Touch, pressure, vibration of ipsilateral arm

C
A pain researcher wants to make a lesion to the Spinothalamic tract so that

his subjects feel no pain and temperature sensation from the right leg, but
leaves pain and temperature sensation rostral to the arm. Where would you
advise this researcher to make his lesion?
Lesion the right spinal tract of V
Lesion the most lateral aspect of the left spinothalamic tract
Lesion the most medial aspect of the left spinothalamic tract
Lesion the most lateral aspect of the right spinothalamic tract
Lesion the most medial aspect of the right spinothalamic tract

C
In which of the following funiculi would you find the dorsal
columns?
Lateral Funiculus
Posterior Funiculus
Anterior Funiculus
Medial Funiculus
Cuneate Funiculus
C
A patient has an injury that results in damage to the lower motor neurons.
Which of the following would you expect to see in the patient?
Spastic paralysis
Hyperreflexia
Increased muscle tone
Positive Babinski sign
Flaccid paralysis
D
Which of the following tracts is affected with syringomyelia?
Lateral Corticospinal
Dorsal Column fibers
Anterior Corticospinal
Spinothalamic Tract
Dorsal Spinocerebellar fibers

D
Which of the following would you find in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord?
Alpha motor neuron
Gamma motor neuron
Substantia gelatinosa
Sympathetic cell bodies
Clarke's nucleus
B
Which of the following would you primarily find in the lateral funiculus of the
spina cord?
Alpha motor neurons
Anterior Corticospinal tract
Fasciculus cuneatus
Medial Lemniscus
Lateral Corticospinal tract

E
A 22-year old athlete is complaining of a loss of 'touch and pressure sense

from his left lower limb. You know that axons carrying this type of information
are found in which of the following spinal cord regions?
Dorsal funiculus of the spinal cord
Ventral horn of the spinal cord
Lateral funiculus of the spinal cord
Dorsal horn of the spinal cord
Anterior funiculus of the spinal cord

B
Which Cranial nerve(s) come from the midbrain?
CN IV
CN V
CN III
CN X
CN VI
A
Which 2 cranial nerves come from the pontomedullary junction?
I & II
II & IV
IX & V
X & XII
VI & VII
B
Where do Cranial nerves 9,10 & 11 originate from?
Medulla
Pons
Midbrain
Cortex
B
Edinger Wesphal nuclei has fibers of what kind?
Postganglionic parasympathetic
Preganglionic parasympathetic
Postganglion sympathetic
Preganglionic sympathetic
B
What composes the facial colliculus?
Facial nerve
Optic nerve
Trigeminal nucleus
Abducens nucleus
Facial nucleus
A
Physiology MCQs
1. With respect to the clotting mechanism

a. Activated protein C inactivates VIIIa, Va and the inhibitor of tPA
b. The intrinsic system is activated by tissue thromboplastin
c. Ca is required for the activation of IX
d. V is required for the full activation of VII
e. XIIIa stabilizes thrombin
C
2. Immunoglobulins
a. Are produced in greatest quantities by activated memory B cells
b. There are 5 types of heavy chain
c. Fc portion mediates reactions initiate by antibodies
d. J chains are found in IgA and IgE
e. Variable segments are only found on the heavy chain
E
3. Haemoglobin F
a. α chains are replaced with delta chains
b. has a higher oxygen content at the same pO 2 as adults
c. has a higher affinity for 2,3, DPG
d. is replaced by adult Hb during adolescence
e. is able to displace oxygen from myoglobin
B
4. Given an Hb of 140g/L how many mLs of O2 is carried in 1L of 100%
a. 5mL
b. 100mL
c. 200mL
d. 500mL
e. 1L
A
5. In a healthy person in standard conditions with a pO 2 of 60mmHg which is the correct Hb

saturation
a. 75%
b. 90%
c. 95%
d. 57%
e. 85%
A
6. Which is true of CD4+ cells

a. Are derived from the bone marrow
b. Do not have Fc receptors
c. Have class MHC II receptors
d. Can be inactivated by cyclosporin
e. Are unaffected by cytokines
D
Regarding binding of oxygen with hemoglobin (Hb):

Oxygen loosely combines with 2 positive bonds of iron in Hb molecule

Oxygen firmly binds with 1 of the coordination bonds of iron atom

Oxygen is carried to the tissues in molecular form by Hemoglobin.

Oxygen is released by Hb into the tissues in ionic form

Oxygen firmly binds with 2 positive bonds of iron in Hb molecule
E
2. The 1st step of Heme synthesis takes place in the:

Mitochondria

Golgi apparatus

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Peroxisomes
Nucleolus
A
3. Regarding the blood coagulation test “Prothrombin time”:

It is normally about 12 minutes

It indicates concentration of thrombin in blood

It involves intrinsic clotting pathway

It does not involve oxalation of removed blood

It shortens with rise in prothrombin concentration
D
4.A 24 year old African American man comes to the emergency room 3 hours after the onset of severe
back andchest pain which started when he was climbing up a mountain. He had an episode of same
symptoms five yearsago. His values are Hb: 11g/dL, TLC: 12,000/mm , Reticulocyte count: 25%. What is
the diagnosis of this patient?

Acute blood loss .

Sickle cell anemi

Anemia of chronic disease

End stage kidney disease

Chronic blood loss
C
5. Which of the following treatments would prevent a transfusion reaction?a.

Administration of plasma free blood

Administration of washed erythrocytes

Treatment with immunoglobulins.

Treatment with mannitol.

Proper cross-matching of donor red cells with recipient plasma
E

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Anatomy Mcqs

How many plexus groups branch off the spinal cord?

Fasciculi are bundles of nerve tracts associated with __________.

 the gray matter of the spinal cord

2. The spinal cord is continuous with which part of the brain?

A 19 year old gang member presented in the ER with a stab wound of

Hemisection of the left spinal cord

Lesion of the dorsal column only on the left spinal cord

Complete transection of the spinal cord

Damage to the cervical dorsal roots at C6 on the left side only

Touch, pressure, vibratory sense from ipsilateral leg

Pain from ipsilateral face

Pain and temperature sense from contralateral arm

Touch, pressure, vibration of ipsilateral arm

A pain researcher wants to make a lesion to the Spinothalamic tract so that

Lesion the right spinal tract of V

Lesion the most lateral aspect of the left spinothalamic tract

Lesion the most medial aspect of the left spinothalamic tract

Lesion the most lateral aspect of the right spinothalamic tract

Lesion the most medial aspect of the right spinothalamic tract

Increased muscle tone

Positive Babinski sign

Which of the following tracts is affected with syringomyelia?

Dorsal Column fibers

Dorsal Spinocerebellar fibers

Alpha motor neuron

Gamma motor neuron

Sympathetic cell bodies

Alpha motor neurons

Anterior Corticospinal tract

Lateral Corticospinal tract

A 22-year old athlete is complaining of a loss of 'touch and pressure sense

Dorsal funiculus of the spinal cord

Ventral horn of the spinal cord

Lateral funiculus of the spinal cord

Dorsal horn of the spinal cord

Anterior funiculus of the spinal cord

Which Cranial nerve(s) come from the midbrain?

Where do Cranial nerves 9,10 & 11 originate from?

What composes the facial colliculus?

1. With respect to the clotting mechanism

5. In a healthy person in standard conditions with a pO 2 of 60mmHg which is the correct Hb

6. Which is true of CD4+ cells

Regarding binding of oxygen with hemoglobin (Hb):

2. The 1st step of Heme synthesis takes place in the:

3. Regarding the blood coagulation test “Prothrombin time”:

5. Which of the following treatments would prevent a transfusion reaction?a.

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