Satelline-M3-Tr1 Transceiver Radio Modem User Guide
Satelline-M3-Tr1 Transceiver Radio Modem User Guide
Satelline-M3-Tr1 Transceiver Radio Modem User Guide
SATELLINE-M3-TR1
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IMPORTANT NOTICE
All rights to this manual are owned solely by SATEL OY (referred to in this user guide as SATEL).
All rights reserved. The copying of this manual (without the written permission from the owner)
by printing, copying, recording or by any other means, or the full or partial translation of the
manual to any other language, including all programming languages, using any electrical,
mechanical, magnetic, optical, manual or other methods or devices is forbidden.
SATEL reserves the right to change the technical specifications or functions of its products, or to
discontinue the manufacture of any of its products or to discontinue the support of any of its
products, without any written announcement and urges its customers to ensure, that the
information at their disposal is valid.
SATEL software and programs are delivered ”as is”. The manufacturer does not grant any kind
of warranty including guarantees on suitability and applicability to a certain application. Under
no circumstances is the manufacturer or the developer of a program responsible for any
possible damages caused by the use of a program. The names of the programs as well as all
copyrights relating to the programs are the sole property of SATEL. Any transfer, licensing to a
third party, leasing, renting, transportation, copying, editing, translating, modifying into another
programming language or reverse engineering for any intent is forbidden without the written
consent of SATEL.
SATEL PRODUCTS HAVE NOT BEEN DESIGNED, INTENDED NOR INSPECTED TO BE USED
IN ANY LIFE SUPPORT RELATED DEVICE OR SYSTEM RELATED FUNCTION NOR AS A PART
OF ANY OTHER CRITICAL SYSTEM AND ARE GRANTED NO FUNCTIONAL WARRANTY IF
THEY ARE USED IN ANY OF THE APPLICATIONS MENTIONED.
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RESTRICTIONS ON USE
SATELLINE-M3-TR1 radio modem module has been designed to operate on 403...473 MHz,
the exact use of which differs from one region and/or country to another. The user of a radio
modem must take care that the said device is not operated without the permission of the local
authorities on frequencies other than those specifically reserved and intended for use without a
specific permit.
WARNING! Users of SATELLINE-M3-TR1 in North America should be aware, that due to the
allocation of the frequency band 406.0 – 406.1 MHz for government use only, the use of
radio modem on this frequency band without a proper permit is strictly forbidden.
.
Countries: AT, BE, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HU, IE, IL, IT, LV, LT, NL, NO,
PL, PT, RO, SE, US and SK.
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PRODUCT CONFORMITY
SATELLINE-M3-TR1
SATEL Oy hereby declares that SATELLINE-M3-TR1 radio modem modules are in compliance
with the essential requirements (radio performance, electromagnetic compatibility and electrical
safety) and other relevant provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC. Therefore the equipment is
labelled with the following CE-marking. The notification sign informs users that the operating
frequency range of the device is not harmonised throughout the market area, and the local
spectrum authority should be contacted before the usage of the radio modem is used.
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o Warranty will be void, if the product is used in any way that is in contradiction with the
instructions given in this manual, or if the radio modem housing has been opened or
tampered with.
o The devices mentioned in this manual are to be used only according to the instructions
described in this manual. Faultless and safe operation of the devices can be guaranteed
only if the transport, storage, operation and handling of the devices is appropriate. This
also applies to the maintenance of the products.
o To prevent damage it is recommended that both the radio modem and any terminal
devices are switched OFF before connecting or disconnecting the serial connection
cable. It should be ascertained that different devices used have the same ground
potential. Before connecting any power cables the output voltage of the power supply
should be checked.
NOTE!
When selecting a suitable location for the radio modem it must be ensured that no water can
get into the radio modem under any conditions. Direct sunlight is also to be avoided. It is not
recommendable to install the radio modem on a strongly vibrating surface. Suitable
dampening and/or isolation materials should be used in cases where the installation surface
will be subjected to vibration.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PRODUCT CONFORMITY........................................................................................ 4
INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 9
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5.1 Transmitter ................................................................................................. 20
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10 APPENDIX B ................................................................................................. 35
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INTRODUCTION
SATEL is the leading European manufacturer of radio modems. SATEL radio modems have been
certified in most European countries and also in many non-European countries.
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1 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
1.1 SATELLINE-M3-TR1 Technical Specifications
DATA MODEM
Timing RS-232
Port1 fixed: RS-232 Port2 RS-232/ 422
Electrical Interface Port2 options: LVTTL, TTL or RS-232 /422 programmable
Interface Connector D-15 (female) as standard, others by request
Data speed of Serial interface 300 – 38400 bps
19200 bps (25 kHz channel)
Data speed of Radio Interface 9600 bps (12.5 / 20 kHz channel)
Data Formats Asynchronous data
Modulation 4FSK, GMSK (PacificCrest, TrimTalk)
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GENERAL
Operating voltages Options:+3 … +9 V or+6 … +30 V+/-10%
-30 °C ... +65 °C Functional
-25 °C ... +55 °C Complies with
Temperature Ranges standards
-40 °C ... +80 °C Storage
TNC, MCX,
Antenna Connector 50 ohm, U.FL MMCX, SMA
Construction PCB with sheet metal EMI shields
Size H x W x D 96 mm x 56 mm x 9 mm
Weight 50 g
OTHER MEASURES
ESD-failure threshold 8 kV contact, 15 kV air discharge
Immunity test 10V/m
Note 1
Due to radio electronic design, the receiver is about 6-15dB less sensitive on the following frequencies:
403.000, 409.5875, 416.000, 429.000, 442.000, 455.000, 468.000 and 469.200 MHz.
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2 OPERATING VOLTAGE
The SATELLINE-M3-TR1 radio modem can have two (2) operating voltage ranges. The range is
set at the factory. The voltage level must be mentioned in the order. The operating voltage
range is changed by replacing the PWR-module.
Overvoltage behaviour
+3 … +9 V range: If the operating voltage range is exceeded the modem will automatically
switch OFF. However, if the maximum value is more than 20V it may damage the module.
+6 … +30 V range: If the voltage is less than +6 V the modem will automatically switch OFF.
However, if the maximum value is more than +33 V it may damage the module.
2.1.1 Fuse
A proper fuse must be connected in between the radio modem and the power supply. The
correct value depends on the model (see list below). Recommended minimum value is 2A slow.
The radio modem must only be connected to a power supply with an adequate current output.
The pins 15 and 14 of the D-connector are connected to the positive power supply line. The
pins 8 and 7 of the D-connector are connected to negative power supply line (ground).
The DTR-line of the radio modem, which is connected to pin 1, can be used as an
ON/STANDBY –switch, and in this way the radio modem can be switched either ON
(operational state) or OFF (STANDBY). The logical state "1" (Open or more than +3.0 V, max
Vdc) of the DTR-line corresponds to ON-state and a logical state "0" (..<=0 V) corresponds to a
STANDBY state.
In applications, where the radio modem is used as a portable device (meaning battery
operation), the DTR-line (pin 1) should be connected to a logical state "0" always when it is
possible to conserve battery power and prolong operational time between battery charging.
NOTE! There is a galvanic connection between signal ground (SGND, pin 7), ground (GND,
pin 8), outer conductor of antenna connector and modem casing.
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2.2 Instructions how to change the PWR-module
The radio module includes a removable PWR-module, which can be changed if needed.
PWR-module
Picture 1
Use a small screwdriver and move the
sheet metal nails up one-by-one until
it removes.
Picture 1
Picture 2
Open the PWR-module by setting a
pen into the whole of the corner and
bend as long as the module turns out.
Picture 2
Picture 3
Press the new PWR-module back in
reverse order.
Picture 3
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3 SERIAL INTERFACE
The radio modem module is referred to as DCE (Data Communication Equipment) whereas the
PC or equivalent device is referred to as DTE (Data Terminal Equipment). The SATELLINE-M3-
TR1 includes a 15-pin ‘D’-type female connector, which contains all the connections required to
establish communication between the radio modem, acting as the DCE, and the PC, acting as
the DTE.
The radio modem contains two (2) serial ports, which are designated as Port 1 or Port 2 for
communication. Only one port at a time can be used for communication. The Interface must be
specified in the order. The user can set the Ports ON/OFF afterwards in the programming
mode. The Port 1 is always RS-232, but the Port 2 has 4 alternatives:
1. RS-232 / RS-422 (programmable)
2. LVTTL
3. TTL
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NOTE!
When the MODE-Pin (Pin 12 of the D-Connector) is connected to Ground, the modem is
in the Programming Mode and Port 1 (PINS 6, 9, 11,13) will be in use! If you normally
use Port 2 for data transmission, the serial cable must be changed to a suitable type when
switching over to the configuration mode.
o GND. Ground
Both the negative pole of the operating voltage and the signal ground.
o MODE
Programming pin. When floating or connected to +VDC the unit is in normal mode. When
connected to Ground the unit is in programming mode.
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MODE = operational mode. When the MODE-line is connected to ground (GND), the radio
modem enters the Programming Mode which is used to change the settings of the radio modem
(i.e. configuration, set-up). If the MODE-line is not connected, the radio modem will enter the
Data Transfer Mode, in which data can be transmitted and received. The Programming Mode is
used only when installing a radio modem and changing the operational parameters of a
network. Normally the radio modem is always in the Data Transfer Mode.
NOTE!
Port 1 or 2 can be defined using the Configuration Manager. When the Program switch of the
adapter is switched ON (Programming-mode) the default port is always Port 1, 9600, N8,1.
When the port has been defined, switching the Power OFF-ON or switching the Program Switch
to OFF will activate it.
26‐
pin Description
SATEL Name Direction
1 Vin IN
2 Vin IN
3 Vin IN
4 Vin IN Vertical strip, male.
5 RTS_RS IN
6 MODE IN
7 TD_RS IN
8 DSR OUT
9 RD1_RS OUT
10 BOOT IN
11 Spare_1
14 26
12 Spare_2
13 CD_out TTL* OUT 13 1
14 GP IN
15 GP OUT
16 CD_RS** OUT
17 DTR IN
Horizontal header, female
18 CTS_TTL/A/CD*** OUT
19 RD2TTL/B/RD2_RS OUT
20 TD2TTL/A/TD2_RS IN
21 RTS_TTL/B IN
22 CTS_RS OUT
23 GND
24 GND
25 GND
26 GND
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RS-485is an extension of the RS-422 standard and enables the connection of more than two
devices on to the same bus. Communication is half-duplex, so there is only one cable pair,
compared to two when using the RS-422. The RS-485 standard defines the electrical
characteristics of the connections in such a way as to prevent possible data contention states as
well as cable shorts etc. from harming the devices themselves. To enable RS-485 function set the
modem must be ordered with RS-232/RS-422 Interface. When RS-485 is used the RS-422 on
Port 2 must be ON.
TR1 NARS-2-4A
Port 2
=RS-422 RS-485
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Pin B'
5 B
T 4 A R
A'
Radio modem set to RT 120 RT 120
422-mode 3 B`
B
R 2 A` T
A
RS-422 standard defines a serial data transfer method, which is very similar to the RS-232
standard. In RS-422 however, the signal lines are balanced (or differential) transmission lines.
A balanced (or differential) transmission line is formed by using two signal wires together to
convey each single signal. Because the state of the signal is defined by the mutual voltage
difference (hence the name differential), any common mode disturbances induced into the lines
will cancel out. The effect of different signals moving in the same cable will also be smaller than
in the case of the RS-232. Transmission distance can be considerably longer than when using
RS-232 type of connection, and distances of 1 km are possible.
As an example, let’s examine the TX-signal: TX-signal will be transmitted using two lines (A and
B). A logical ”1” corresponds to a situation, where the voltage on line A is greater than the
voltage on line B. Correspondingly a logical ”0” corresponds to a situation, where the voltage
on line A is smaller than the voltage on line B.
To enable RS-422 function the modem must be ordered with RS-232/RS-422 Interface. When
RS-422 is used RS-422 of the Port 2 must be ON.
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B B'
T RT 120 R
A A'
B' B
R RT 120 T
A' A
Each differential pair of wires is a transmission line. A transmission line must be terminated
properly to prevent, or at least minimise, harmful reflections formed between the transmitting
and receiving end of the transmission line. A common method of terminating a RS-485 type of
transmission line is to connect a so-called termination resistor, between the wires and at both
ends of the transmission line. Even when there are more than two devices on the same
transmission line, the termination resistors are needed only at the ends of the transmission line.
The termination resistor must be selected so that its resistance matches the characteristic
impedance of the transmission line as close as possible (typical values range from 100 to 120
ohm). When using a RS-422 type of connection the termination resistor is connected only at
each of the receiving ends. Termination resistors are particularly important when using long
transmission lines and/or high data transfer speeds.
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4 USER INTERFACE
There are two (2) LED-indicators on the PCB of the radio modem, and they give an indication of
the status of the serial port and the radio interface:
o RX/TX indicates that the radio modem is receiving or transmitting data via serial port
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5 RF INTERFACE
The SATELLINE-M3-TR1 module has a single antenna connector with an impedance of 50 ohm.
The user can change the frequency of the radio modem afterwards within the frequency range.
The data speed of the radio interface depends on the chosen radio channel spacing. A channel
spacing of 25 kHz enables a data speed of 19200 bps and a channel spacing of 12.5 kHz and
20 kHz enables, correspondingly, a data speed of 9600 bps. The data speed of the radio
interface is always fixed (19200 bps or 9600 bps), irrespective of the data speed of the serial
interface. If the data speeds of the radio interface and the serial interface differ from each other,
the radio modem will temporarily buffer the data in transfer, so no data loss will occur.
5.1 Transmitter
The output power of the transmitter is adjustable between 100, 200, 500 or 1000mW. The
greatest allowable power depends on limits set by local authorities, which should not be
exceeded under any circumstances. The output power of the transmitter should be set to the
smallest possible level, which still ensures error free connections under variable conditions.
Large output power levels using short connection distances can, in the worst case, cause
disturbances to the overall operation of the system.
NOTE!
Setting the radio data modem output power level to that which exceeds the regulations set
forth by local authorities is strictly forbidden. The setting and/or using of non-approved
power levels may lead to prosecution. SATEL and its distributors are not responsible for any
illegal use of its radio equipment, and are not responsible in any way of any claims or
penalties arising from the operation of its radio equipment in ways contradictory to local
regulations and/or requirements and/or laws.
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5.2 Receiver
The sensitivity of the receiver depends on the channel spacing of the radio modem (=data
speed of the radio interface) and on the mode of the FEC (error correction) according to the
table below:
The Signal Threshold Level setting of the receiver determines a level above which the search for
the actual data transfer signal is active. If the Signal Threshold Level setting is set too low, it is
possible that the receiver is trying to synchronise itself with noise, in which case, the actual data
transmission might remain unnoticed. Alternatively, weak data transmissions will be rejected,
even though they would be otherwise acceptable.
SATELLINE-M3-TR1_xx offers a Priority setting, which selects the priority between reception and
transmission. The setting can be changed in Programming Mode. By default, transmission has
higher priority than reception i.e. the default value is Priority TX.
Priority TX means that a terminal device attached to a radio modem decides the timing of the
transmission. The transmitter is immediately switched on when the terminal device starts to
output data. Should reception be in progress, the radio modem will stop it and change to a
transmit state. There is no need to use any handshaking for the control of timing.
Priority RX means, that a radio modem tries to receive all data currently in the air. If a terminal
outputs data to be transmitted (or an SL command) it will buffered. The radio modem will wait
until the reception has stopped before transmitting the buffered data. This will result in timing
slacks to the system, but decreases the number of collisions on the air; this is particularly useful
in systems based on multiple random accesses.
If the Repeater Function has been set on, priority setting is automatically switched to RX mode.
FEC, Forward Error Correction. FEC-function is switched ON (or OFF) by using the
Programming Mode. When activated, the FEC-function will automatically add additional error
correction information, which increases the amount of transmitted data by 30 %. It is used by the
receiving radio modem to correct erroneous bits - as long as the ratio of correct and erroneous
bits is reasonable.
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Error correction improves the reliability of data transfer via the radio interface especially in
unfavourable conditions. FEC-function should be used when link distances are long and/or if
there are many disturbances in the radio channels used. The use of the FEC-function will,
however decrease the data transfer throughput of data by about 30 %. For a listing of exact
delays introduced by using FEC-function.
NOTE!
All radio modems, which are to communicate with each other, must have the same setting
for FEC (ON or OFF). If the transmitting radio modem and the receiving radio modem has
different settings, data will not be received correctly.
When the error checking is switched on, the radio modem will add a checksum to the
transmitted data. When the data is received, the checksums are verified before data is forwarded
to the serial port. There are two different options for error checking that can be accessed in the
Additional setup menu in the Programming Mode:
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The SATELLINE-M3-TR1 radio modem serial interface uses an asynchronous data format. No
external synchronising signal is needed, since necessary timing information is acquired from the
start and stop bits transmitted before and after each data field bits (byte).
The data transfer speed of the serial interfaces can be set to 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800,
9600, 19200 or 38400 bps (bits per second). The length of the data field must be 7, 8 or 9
bits. When using a data field length of 7 or 8 bits, a parity bit may also be used.
One character to be transmitted will thus contain a start bit; the data bits (which define the
specific character in question); an optional parity bit and one or two stop bits. The overall length
of one character is therefore 10, 11 or 12 bits. This should be taken into account when
calculating the data throughput capability of a system. In other words, the number of start, stop
and parity bits must be considered. A useful rule of thumb is that at a data transfer speed of
9600 bps, the transmission of one character will require roughly one millisecond (1 ms).
Example: With an 8-bit data character length and taking, for example, a decimal value of
”204”, (which corresponds to a binary value of ”11001100”) and with a start bit value of ”0”,
parity bit set to either “NO” (NONE), ”0” or ”1” and with a stop bit value of ”1”, the possible
combinations are listed in the table below:
If the settings of data speed, character length, parity or the number of stop bits differ between
the radio modem and the terminal, errors will be introduced into the transferred data. The serial
port settings of each individual radio modem in a system can all be different apart from the data
length setting (7, 8 or 9 bits), which must always be the same in each individual radio modem.
In other words, the serial port used, the data transfer speed, parity and number of stop bits; can
be different in different parts of a same system. This is especially useful where one part of the
system uses an RS-485 serial port and another part uses the RS-232 serial port. In other words,
radio modems may also be utilised as serial port adapters in addition to the more common role
of wireless data transfer.
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6.2 Handshake lines
When using the RS-232 serial interface, handshake signals can be used to control data transfer.
Handshake signals are used, for example, by the radio modem to inform the terminal that the
radio channel is busy, and that it cannot initiate transmission. The terminal can also control the
radio modem via RTS-line.
Line Direction
CTS To terminal
RTS To modem
CD To terminal
A common way of using handshaking signals is to monitor the CTS-line and ignore the others.
Usually the terminal is fast enough to handle the data received by the radio modem, so the use
of RTS-line is not necessary.
Handshaking is not needed if the system protocol is designed to prevent collisions (data
contention) by the use of polling, or if there is little traffic and also if there is no harm from
occasional data contention situations (several radio modems try to transmit at the same time).
6.2.1 CTS-line
2) TX buffer state
CTS will shift into inactive state only if the radio modem’s TX buffer is in danger of overflowing.
This typically happens when the serial interface data transfer speed is greater than the radio
interface transfer speed and the size of transmitted messages is large.
6.2.2 CD-line
1) RSSI-threshold
CD is active whenever a signal with a level exceeding the level required for reception exists on
the radio channel. It doesn’t make any difference if the signal is an actual data transmission, a
signal of a radio transmitter not belonging to the system, or even an interference signal caused
for example, by a computer or a peripheral device. CD is also active when the radio modem in
question is transmitting.
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2) Data on channel
CD will switch to active state only after recognition of a valid data transmission. CD will not
react to interference signals.
3) Always ON
CD is always in the active state. This option can be used with terminal equipment, which use the
CD-line as an indicator of an active connection (the radio modem can transmit and receive at
any time).
6.2.3 RTS-line
The options for RTS-line are:
1) Ignored
RTS-line status is ignored.
2) Flow control
The radio modem transmits data to the terminal device only when the RTS-line is active. Non-
active state of the RTS-line will force the radio modem to buffer the received data. This option is
used if the terminal device is too slow to handle data received from the radio modem.
3) Reception control
RTS-line controls the reception process of the radio modem. An active RTS-line enables
reception (as normal). Non-active RTS-line will interrupt reception process immediately, even if
the radio modem is receiving a data packet. This option is used to force the radio modem into
WAIT State for an immediate channel change.
When using a radio modem for data transmission, certain delays will be formed through the use
of a radio interface and from the radio modem circuitry itself. These delays exist when the radio
modem switches from Standby Mode to Data Transfer Mode and during reception and
transmission of data. For detailed delay values in each case see Appendix B.
Whenever the radio modem is in Data Transfer Mode it monitors both the radio channel and the
serial interface. When the terminal device starts data transmission the radio modem switches to
transmission mode. At the beginning of each transmission a synchronisation signal is transmitted
and this signal is detected by another radio modem, which then switches into receive mode.
During the transmission of the synchronisation signal the radio modem buffers data into its
memory. Transmission ends when a pause is detected in the data sent by the terminal device,
and after all buffered data has been transmitted. When the serial interface speed is the same or
slower than the speed of the radio interface, the internal transmit buffer memory cannot
overflow. However, when the serial interface speed exceeds the speed of the radio interface,
data will eventually fill transmit buffer memory. In this instance, it will take a moment after the
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terminal device has stopped transmission of data for the radio modem to empty the buffer and
before the transmitter switches off. The maximum size of transmit buffer memory is one kilobyte
(1 kB). If the terminal device does not follow the status of the CTS-line and transmits too much
data to the radio modem, the buffer will be emptied and the transmission is restarted.
In the receive mode, the buffer works principally in the above described way thus evening out
differences in data transfer speeds. If the terminal device transmits data to a radio modem in
receive mode, the data will go into transmit buffer memory. Transmission will start immediately
when the radio channel is available.
The modem recognises a pause on the serial line (a pause is defined as a time with no status
changes on the RS-232 interface TD-line). The pause detection is used as criteria for:
o End of radio transmission - When the transmit buffer is empty and a pause is detected,
the modem stops the transmission and will then change the radio to the receive mode.
o SL-command recognition - For a SL-command to be valid, a pause must be detected
before the actual “SL…” character string.
o User address recognition - In order for the start character to be detected, a pause must
precede it in transmission.
Traditionally, in asynchronous data communication, pauses have been used to separate serial
messages from each other. However, the use of non-real-time operating systems (frequently
used on PC-type hardware) often adds random pauses, which may result in the user data
splitting into two or more separate RF transmissions. This may cause problems especially in the
systems including repeater stations.
In order to match the operation of the radio modem to the user data, the Pause length
parameter can be adjusted on the programming menu. It may have any value between 3 and
255 characters. The default value is 3 characters.
Notes:
o The absolute time of Pause length is depending on the serial port settings. For example,
1 character is ~1.04 ms at 9600 bps / 8N1 (10 bits).
o The maximum absolute time is always 170 ms independent from the value of the Pause
length given in the set-up.
o An increase in the Pause length increases the round trip delay of the radio link
correspondingly; this is due to the fact that the radio channel is occupied for the time of
the Pause length after each transmission (the time it takes to detect a pause). If this is not
acceptable, the TX delay setting may also be useful in special cases.
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6.3.3 TX delay
The radio modem can be configured to delay the beginning of a radio transmission by
1...65000 ms. This function can be used to prevent packet contention in a system, where all
substations would otherwise answer a poll of a base-station simultaneously. During this delay
data sent to the radio modem is buffered. Although the priority setting is "RX" , radio modem is
prevented to change over to receiving mode during the period of the TX delay.If this function is
not needed, the delay time should be set to 0 ms.
6.4 Tests
The radio modem can be switched to the Test Mode, where it will send a test packet on the
radio channel. The test packet is a normal data transmission, which can be used, for example,
when directing antennas during system installation.
When the test packet transmission has been switched on and saved by using the Programming
Mode, the transmitting radio modem needs only a power supply and an antenna.
If the channel spacing of the radio modems is 25 kHz, it is recommended to use 38400 bps as
a serial data speed of the receiving radio modem. In the case of 12.5 / 20 kHz channel spacing
the data speed of 19200 bps is recommended.
Short data block test is suitable for running data communication tests. Error-free reception of
data can be monitored using a suitable terminal program.
Long block data test can be used for measuring Tx output power, standing wave ratio (SWR) of
the antenna system or received signal strength at Rx stations.
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7 SETTINGS
The radio modem will shift into the Programming Mode by connecting the D-connector pin 12 to
ground (GND). When using the NARS-1F-4A, this can be accomplished by moving the slide
switch downwards.
In the Programming Mode, the radio modem will use serial port PORT1, with settings 9600 bps,
N, 8,1 (data transfer speed 9600 bps, no parity, 8 data bits and 1 stop bit). For more detailed
instructions for changing each setting.
If the SL-command function has been activated active radio channel and addresses can be
changed without switching the radio modem into Programming Mode. Serial port settings will
remain as those defined previously when the radio modem was in Programming Mode.
o Basic settings for the serial port of the host computer, when using a terminal program to
communicate with SATEL radio modems, are as follows: “COM1, 9600 bps, 8-bit data,
none parity, 1 stop bit”.
o The power cable (+Vb and GND) must be connected to a power supply with a proper output
voltage and with a minimum output current of 2 A (for +3 … +9 V PWR-module) and 1 A
(for +6 … +30 V PWR-module).
o Connect cables (RS-232 cable to PC COM-port, power supply cable to power supply).
o Switch on the PC and start SaTerm program (or other terminal program).
o Open a terminal window and then choose ”Pr” (in case you are using some other terminal
program, set the serial port parameters of the program as follows: 9600 bits/s, 8 data bits,
no parity, 1 stop bit, which is always the default in Programming Mode).
o Connect PROG-pin to ground (if using the NARS-1F-4A adapter, slide the switch
downwards), the radio modem shifts now into the Programming Mode. The screen should
look similar to the one shown in the picture below.
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o Save changes by pressing ”E” in the main menu. If you don’t want to save changes, press
”Q”.
o Disconnect PROG-pin from ground (if using the NARS-1F-4A adapter, slide the switch
upwards), the radio modem should now return to the Data Transfer Mode.
When creating a test connection, you can also use the Windows-based SATEL Configuration
Manager, (available for free from authorised SATEL dealers or directly from SATEL Customer
Support).
NOTE! To switch the radio modem back into Data Transfer Mode the MODE-pin must be
disconnected from ground (GND).
More information at www.satel.com
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7.2 Radio Frequency
o Reference frequency
The reference frequency is used with the SL-commands (SL&+=nn /SL&-=nn) to set the modem
to another channel. The reference frequency can be any frequency that is suitable for the
channel space.
Note! The SATELLINE-3AS type “center frequency” is not supported by this modem type.
The firmware of SATELLINE-M3-TR1 is stored in a flash memory. If needed the software is easily
updated by SaTerm terminal program. Please see the user guide of SaTerm for more details.
The SATEL Configuration Manager is configuration and setup software that has been explained
in a separate User Manual.
The radio modem is shipped with the following default settings (unless otherwise specifically
ordered):
DEFAULT VALUES OF THE ADJUSTABLE SETTINGS
( the user can change these settings later on )
Setting Default value Notes
Radio frequency
Operating TX frequency 438.000 MHz Range: 403-473 MHz
Operating RX frequency 438.000 MHz Range: 403-473 MHz
Reference Frequency 438.000 MHz Range: 403-473 MHz
Channel Spacing 25 kHz Range:12.5 kHz, 20 kHz or 25 kHz
Radio settings
Tx Power 1000 mW Range: 100, 200, 500 or 1000 mW
Signal threshold -115 dBm -80 … -118 dBm
FCS OFF ON/OFF
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TX Start Delay 0 ms 0-65535 ms
Radio Compatibility SATEL 3AS SATEL 3AS, Option1=PCC 4-FSK, Option
2=PCC GMSK, 3=TrimTalk
Addressing
RX Address OFF ON/OFF
TX Address OFF ON/OFF
RX addressing to RS port OFF ON/OFF
TX address auto switch OFF ON/OFF
Serial port 1
Status ON ON/OFF
Interface RS-232 Fixed
Data speed 9600 bps 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600,
19200, 38400 bps
Data bits 8 7, 8, 9.
Parity bits None None, Even, Odd
Stop bits 1 1, 2
Serial port 2
Status OFF ON/OFF
Interface LVTTL RS-232/422, TTL, LVTTL
Data speed 9600 bps 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600,
19200, 38400 bps
Data bits 8 7, 8, 9
Parity bits None None, Even, Odd
Stop bits 1 1, 2
Additional setup
Error correction OFF ON/OFF
Error check OFF ON/OFF
Repeater OFF ON/OFF
SL-commands ON ON/OFF
Priority TX RX/TX
FullCR16 Check OFF ON/OFF
When creating a test connection, you can also use the Windows-based SATEL Configuration
Manager (available for free from authorised SATEL dealers or directly from SATEL Customer
Support).
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Repeaters and addressing may be used to extend the coverage area of a radio modem network,
and to direct messages to selected radio modems in the network. In large systems, with several
repeaters and formed repeater chains, it is often practical to use routing instead of plain
addresses.
More information at www.satel.com
This feature allows messages from terminal devices to be automatically routed over the radio
modem network to a specified recipient terminal.
More information at www.satel.com
8.4 SL-Commands
An SL-command is a one continuous string of characters, which is separated from other data by
pauses that are equal or greater than time defined by Pause length parameter (default=3
characters) in the set-up. No extra characters are allowed at the end of an SL-command.
Serial interface settings are the same as in data transfer and MODE pin MUST NOT be
connected to ground (GND). SL-command is properly recognised also in the case when the
command string is terminated in <CR> (=ASCII character no. 13, Carriage Return, 0x0d) or
<CR><LF> (<LF> = ASCII char. no. 10, Line Feed, 0x0a). If multiple SL commands are sent
to the radio modem the next command can be given after receiving the response ("Ok" or
"Error") of the proceeding command. In addition, it is recommended to implement a timeout to
the terminal software for recovering the case when no response is received from the radio
modem.
When the power of a radio modem is switched off the configuration settings of a radio modem
always return to values defined initially using the Programming Mode, thus resetting any settings
changed using SL-commands during power on. It is however possible to save settings changed
by using SL-commands and to make them the new configuration settings.
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The radio modem will acknowledge all commands by returning an "OK" (command carried out
or accepted) or the requested value, or an "ERROR" (command not carried out or interpreted as
erroneous) message.
The controlling terminal device can change the configuration settings of a radio modem. This is
accomplished with the help of SL-commands, which can be used during data transfer. SL-
commands can be used to change e.g. the frequency or addresses. It is also possible to
interrogate a radio modem in order to gain information concerning current settings that are in
use. The terminal device is either a PC or a programmable logic (PLC) together with suitable
(terminal) program. SL-commands must be enabled (in the set-up) before they can be used.
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9 APPENDIX A
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10 APPENDIX B
10.1 Functional delays
Delay from the end of transmission to the end of reception on the serial interface:
DATA
Modem 1
TD-line start
DATA
Modem 2
RD-line start
Delay
Time
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10.2.1 Transmission delays when using a 12.5 kHz radio channel
350
300
Delay / ms
250
1200
200
150
4800
100
50
9600
0
1 10 100 500
19200
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Transmission delays with FEC-function (Forward Error Correction).
600
Delays / ms
500
400 1200
300
200 4800
100
9600
0
1 10 100 500
19200
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10.2.2 Transmission delays using a 25 kHz radio channel
120
100
Delay / ms
80 1200
60
40 4800
20
9600
0
1 10 100 500
19200
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Transmission delays with FEC-function (Forward Error Correction).
200
180
Delay / ms
160
140 1200
120
100
80 4800
60
40
20
9600
0
1 10 100 500
19200
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