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    Mole

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    حنين حنين
    The document defines the mole as the amount of substance containing 6.022x1023 particles. It relates the mole to grams and atoms through examples like 12 grams of carbon-12 being equal to 1 mole of carbon-12 atoms. It provides formulas for converting between moles, mass in grams, and number of atoms. Several practice problems are included at the end for calculating values between these units for different elements and compounds.

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    Mole

    Uploaded by

    حنين حنين
    40 views2 pages
    The document defines the mole as the amount of substance containing 6.022x1023 particles. It relates the mole to grams and atoms through examples like 12 grams of carbon-12 being equal to 1 mole of carbon-12 atoms. It provides formulas for converting between moles, mass in grams, and number of atoms. Several practice problems are included at the end for calculating values between these units for different elements and compounds.

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    The document defines the mole as the amount of substance containing 6.022x1023 particles. It relates the mole to grams and atoms through examples like 12 grams of carbon-12 being equal to 1 mole of carbon-12 atoms. It provides formulas for converting between moles, mass in grams, and number of atoms. Several practice problems are included at the end for calculating values between these units for different elements and compounds.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    40 views2 pages

    Mole

    Uploaded by

    حنين حنين
    The document defines the mole as the amount of substance containing 6.022x1023 particles. It relates the mole to grams and atoms through examples like 12 grams of carbon-12 being equal to 1 mole of carbon-12 atoms. It provides formulas for converting between moles, mass in grams, and number of atoms. Several practice problems are included at the end for calculating values between these units for different elements and compounds.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 2

    Mole & Molar Mass

    Mole (mol): the amount of material counting 6.02214 × 1023 particles


    The value of the mole is equal to the number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of pure
    carbon-12.
     12.00 g C-12 = 1 mol C-12 atoms = 6.022 × 1023 atoms
     The number of particles in 1 mole is called Avogadro’s Number (6.0221421 x 1023).

    6.022 ×1023 atoms 1 mol


    or
    1 mol 6.022 ×1023 atoms

    Converting between Number of Moles and Number of Atoms


    A silver ring contains 1.1 x 1022 silver
    Calculate the number of atoms in 2.45
    atoms. How many moles of silver are in
    mol of copper.
    the ring?
     
    mol Cu Atoms Atoms Ag mol Ag

    1 mol
    6.022 ×1023 atoms 1.1 ×1022 atoms Ag ×
    2.45 mol Cu ×
    1 mol 6.022 ×1023 atoms
    24
    = 1.48 × 10 atoms Cu = 1.8 × 10-2 mol Ag 

    Molar Mass: the mass of 1 mol of atoms of an element


    An element’s molar mass in g/mol is numerically equal to the element’s atomic mass in
    amu.
    1 mol C 12.01 g C
    or
    12.01 g C 1 mol C

    Converting between Mass and Number of Moles Converting between Mass and Number of Atoms

    Calculate the moles of carbon in 0.0265 g of How many aluminum atoms are in a can
    pencil lead. weighing 16.2 g?

    gC   mol C g Al mol Al atoms Al

    1 mol C
    0.0265 g C × 1 mol Al 6.022 ×1023 atoms
    12.01 g C 16.2 g Al × ×
    26.98 g Al 1 mol
    -3
    = 2.21 × 10 mol C
    = 3.62 × 1023 atoms Al 
    Avogadro’s
    molar mass
    number  Formula units 
    Gram  Moles 
    (atoms, molecules, ions)

    Practice Problems

    1. How many atoms are there in each of following?


    (a) 3.75 moles of silver
    (b) 2.36 moles of xenon
    (c) 158 kg of phosphorus

    2. What is the amount, in moles, of each of the following?


    (a) 449 g of potassium
    (b) 11.8 g of Ar
    24
    (c) 2.16 x 10 atoms of lead

    3. What is the mass of each of the following?


    24
    (a) 1.9 x 10 atoms of Pb (in g)
    25
    (b) 4.87 x 10 atoms of Zn (in kg)
    20
    (c) 2.33 x 10 atoms of oxygen (in ng)

    4. How many molecules are in 2.50 moles of CO2?

    5. Calculate the mass , in grams, of 0.433 mol of calcium nitrate.

    Hint: Formula Weight of Ca(NO3)2 = (AW of Ca) + 2(AW of N) + 6 (AW of O)


    6. Calculate the number of H atoms in 0.350 mol of C6H12O6

    References:
    Tro, Chemistry: A Molecular Approach 2nd ed., Pearson
    Brown/LeMay/Bursten, Chemistry: The Central Science, 12th ed., Pearson

    4. 1.51 x 10 atoms; 5. 71.1 g Ca(NO3)2 6. 2.53 x 1024 H atoms


    24
    3. (a) ) 6.5 × 10 g; (b) 5.29 kg; (c) 6.19 × 10 ng
    2 6
    2. (a) 11.5 moles; (b) 0.295 moles Ar; (c) 3.59 moles
    1. (a) 2.26 × 10 silver atoms; (b) 1.42 × 10 xenon atoms (c) 3.07 × 10 phosphorus atoms
    27 24 24

    Answers

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