Beginning Maltese .

Lydia Sciriha

MALTA UNIVERSITY PUBLISHERS Ltd.

2nd Edition 2004

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS INTRODUCTION

For several years , this course was piloted with the help of Languages , like human beings , belong to families by
a number of foreign students at the University of Malta, as virtue of their genetic relationships . Maltese belongs to
well as some foreigners working in Malta and who felt the the Semitic language family. Other languages such as
need to learn Maltese. The diversity of their native English and German belong to the Germanic group , whi le
languages is noteworthy. In fact, students whose first Latin , French , Italian , Portuguese and Spanish are
languages are English, French , German , Italian , Greek, members of the Romance language family. As members
Spanish , Danish, Swedish, Japanese, Chinese, Sinhalese of their particular families , languages display similarities
and Arabic have a.1I successfully completed this course and with other languages in the ir own language group. Thus ,
have also provided me with important feedback on the as a member of the Sem itic language family, Maltese
course content. I wish to thank all these students especially displays greater similarities with those languages in the
Nimal Parawahera , Kuniko Fujiwara, Haneen Radie , same group , such as Arabic , rather than with Germanic
Stephanie Anzinger, Helen Dekkers, Anne and Vincent and Romance languages . But unlike Arabic , Maltese is
Fean . written in Roman script.

I would also like to thank Professor Edward Fenech , my In fact , Maltese , which is basically Arabic in structure ,
brother Mario Sciriha and Ms. Romina Sah Frendo for word formation and vocabulary, is undoubtedly the most
helping me to edit the original text. striking living heritage of one of Malta's numerous
colonisers , the Arabs (870-1090). Subsequent rulers in
I am also indebted to Professor Mario Vassallo for his Malta's chequered history, namely, the Normans (1090-
~ncouragement and technical support, especially in the 1266) ; the Angevins (1266-1283) ; the Aragonese (1283-
final stages of this work. 1410) ; the Castilians (1412-1530) ; the Order of St John
(1530-1798) ; the French (1798-1800) and the British
Finally, I gratefullyacknowleged the support cA Professor (1800-1964) , mainly spoke Italian , Spanish , Portuguese ,
Robert Ghirlando, Ms Tita Bonnici , Mr Reginald Bartolo and French and English . Inevitably so , an indelible mark was
Mr Kenneth Mizzi. left on the Maltese lexicon which is replete with loan-
words derived from the diverse linguistic backgrounds of
these rulers .

Aims of the Course

This course is intended for foreigners as well as second

and third generations of Maltese migrants living in
countries such as the United Kingdom , Australia , Canada
and the United States of America . It does not presuppose
xvi xvi i
 any knowledge whatsoever of the language, but it does Structure of the Course
expect the student to have the determination and grit to
learn the language.

The compact discs which accompany this course book are

provided for the student to enable him to listen to Maltese
as it is spoken by native speakers of the language, and also
to give him the opportunity to practise the language. The
vocabulary, which is an integral part of each lesson , is also
to be found on the accompanying compact discs. As this
course stresses the interactive approach , for each word or
expression given on the compact discs, the student will first
hear the English word , followed by the Maltese translation .
To obtain the full benefit from the compact discs, following
Thus, just as the child first comprehends his native each Maltese word or expression , there is a pause which
language , the primary goal of this course is for the will give him sufficient time to repeat the same word or
st~de~t to first comprehend Maltese , and by doing so , expression . This is followed by a confirmation so that the
thiS will give him enough confidence to eventually speak student will be able to check his pronunciation right away.
the language . However, the following caveat is in order. In this regard , it is fitting to emphasise that memory plays
Though the course will give the student enough expertise an important part in language learning and it is strongly
to enable him to understand and to read Maltese , as well recommended that he goes over the given vocabulary in
as to construct and speak Simple sentences in this target each lesson as often as possible. The student should devise
language , the student should not expect to become a different strategies to grab each available opportunity to
verbal geyser in Maltese by merely following these basic listen to the vocabulary on the compact discs, even if he
lessons in this beginners' course . . is solely listening and repeating the vocabulary for just a few
minutes, such as while driving the car, jogging , or doing

xviii
xix
 THE INTER NATIONAL PHONETIC ALPH ABET

In Maltese, there is at times a discrepancy in the way a sound

is written (orthography) and the way it is actually pronounced
because the Maltese alphabet is not an entirely phonetiC one .
On account of this fact, and in order to overcome the problem
of mispronuncing written words in the text, the International
Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) which symbolises the sounds in
languages is used. In the IPA, the phonetic spelling is a way
of writing a word so that one symbol always represents one
sound. Of note is the fact , that most of the symbols in the
phonetic alphabet are represented in the same way as the
orthographic letters in the word. Thus, for example , the first
sound of the first letter of the Maltese word belt town is
identically represented as [b) in IPA. It should be noted that all
IPA symbols are placed within square brackets. However, there
are other symbols which are differently represented.

The following orthographic letters of Maltese are represented

in the same way as those of IPA.
xx
1
 SECTION A
Orthographic
Letter IPA Word List
b [b] Qag
d [d] Qog Maltese consonants in initial position of the word.
f [f] flower
9 [g] girl
j U] yellow B [b)
k [k] ~ing baliar a sea
I [I] lamb bieb a door
m [m] man
n [n] no C [t ]
p [p] Qlane cavetta a key
r [r] ring cikkulata a chocolate
s [s] .Qun
t [t] ten D [d)
v [v] ~ine dar a house
w [w] .'t{ater dan this

F [f]
The following orthographic letters in Maltese differ from IPA fjura a flower
familja a family
c [t ) (church)
9 [dz) (justice) G [g)
1'1 [h) (hair) grazzi thank you
h [) (unpronounced as in heir) gzira an island
gli [] (unpronounced as in dough)
q [?) (as in bollie as found in Cockney dialect) G [dz]
x [ ) (shoe) gurdien a mouse
z [ts] (bits) gnien a garden
Z [z) (?;ebra)
GH [ ] unpronounced
gliada tomorrow
gliasfur a bird

H [ ] unpronounced
hekk thus; so
huwa he

2 3
 H [h] T [t]
nobza a loaf of bread tifla a girl
nalib milk tifel a boy

J [j] V [v]
jum a day vazun a vase
jiena I vapur a ship

K [k] W [w]
kelb a dog widna an ear
kamra a room wicc a face

L [I] X[ ]
le no xemx sun
libsa a dress xita rain

M [m] Z [t5]
mara a woman zija an aunt
mejda a table ziju an uncle

N [n] i [z]
nannu a grandfather zarbun a pair of shoes
nanna a grandmother zunzana a wasp

P [p]
pastizz a cheesecake
periklu danger

a [1]
qattus a cat
qalb a heart

R [r]
ragel a man
ras a head
S [5]
sodda a bed
siggu a chair
4 5
 The following exercises test your identification of the Maltese
consonants. Exercise One tests your identification of gig ; h/fl;
z/z; c and gfl.

Exercise One
Match the underlined Maltese consonantal sound by SECTION B
underlining its equivalent in the English example as in the Word List
following:
Gurdien a mouse (garden ; gem)
pultruna an armchair hija she
Qikkulata a chocolate (cave; chair)
curkett a ring cena supper/dinner
dak that dejjem always
Now try these yourself:
fenek a rabbit vaganza a holiday
1. Zun~ana a wasp (zebra; hits) galletti na a biscuit gallarija a balcony
2. Qavetta a key (cake; cheese) gurnata a day gakketta a jacket
3. Zija an aunt (zero; bits)
gflaref a wise man gflax because
4. .G.nien a garden (justice; golf)
hanut a shop hu a brother
5. .!1obza a loaf of bread (horse ; heir)
jew or Jannar January
6. Gflasfur a bird (dough; ghost)
7. Grazzi thank you (job; good) karrotta a carrot karrozza a car
8. tiuwa he (hair; heir) laringa an orange langasa a pear
9. .!1alib milk (ham ; honest) missier a father/dad malajr soon
10. Ziju an uncle (zodiac; kits) nies people nar a fire
11 . Qzira an island (juice; gold) patata a potato basla an onion
12. Zarbun a pair of shoes (zodiac; kits) qamar a moon qawl a proverb
rih wind ritratt a photo
Exercise Two sena a year sikkina a knife
tieqa a window tabib a doctor
1. Which two consonants are not sounded in Maltese? warda a rose wied a valley
xitla a plant xaghar hair
zokkor sugar zalza tomato sauce
zball a mistake zejt oil
2. Give four Maltese consonants which differ from IPA?

3. Give eight Maltese consonants which are identical with IPA?

6 7
 Try these exercises:

Exercise Three
Match the underlined Maltese consonantal sound by underlining
its sound equivalent in the English example:
1. Zokkor sugar (bits; zenith)
2. Qurkett a ring (cane ; child)
3. Zejt oil (zebra ; hits)
4 . Gallarija a balcony (girl ; just)
5. t!.anut a shop (hour; house)
6. Gnax because (ghost; though)
7. Xagnar hair (shoe ; xenophobia)
8. Gurnata a day (goal ; job)
9. t!.u a brother (heir; hair)
10. Jew or (judge; yellow)
SECTION A
Exercise Four Word List
Express in Maltese:
A [a]
A bird ; I; a dog ; a woman ; a girl ; an aunt; a cheesecake ; a car; anmar red
a pear; an orange ; a grandfather; danger; an armchair; a chair; arja air
a door; now; supper; a rabbit ; a feast; tomorrow; because ; a
E le]
dress; no; a table; quickly; a grandmother; an uncle ; a heart; ezempju an example
a bed ; a head ; a year; a ship; a holiday. hen a happiness
I [i]
ilma water
id a hand
lE [i]
ienor another
iebes hard
0[0]
ont a sister
omm a mother/mummy
U [u]
ukoll also
but a Docket
8 9
 Now try this exercise :

Exercise One
Match the underlined Maltese vowel with its sound equivalent
in the English example as in the following:
e.g. Zunzgna a wasp (hat; grch)
1. Aflmar red (father; pat)
2. Qmm mother/mum (on ; work)
3. i d hand (ship ; sheep)
4. Ukoll also (butcher; cut)
5. .Elf one thousand (sell ; neat)
6. Bieb a door (sheet; hit)
7. ilma water (bill ; heat)

SECTION B
Word List
barmil a bucket pranzu a lunch
medicina a medicine presepju a Christmas crib
kif how iva yes
kiesafl cold posta mail
roza pink gobon cheese
sema a sky dundjan a turkey
pupa a doll luminata a lemonade
isfar yellow uniformi a uniform

Now try these exercises :

Exercise Two
Match the underlined Maltese vowel with its sound equivalent
in the English example.
1. LMminata a lemonade (put; boot)
2. Kif how (lick; leak)
3. Gnien a garden (it; seat)
4. RQza pink (over; cot)
5. M~dicina medicine (let; seat)
6. Arja air (car; black)
10 11
13
 SECTION A

Word List

[AJ] [aj]
bajda an egg
tieglii mine

[EJ] [ei]
tieglii mine
bejt a roof

[AW] [awl
qawsalla a rainbow
miegliu with him

[OWl [owl
miegliu with him
gliuda wood

[EW] [ew]
lewza an almond
kewkba a star

[IJ] [ij]
mija one hundred
lumija a lemon

[IW] [iw]
liwja a bend

14 15
il-mejda the table
il-laringa the orange
il-marid the sick (man)

air
a lemon
a dog
a house
ugly
beautiful
 pi

PREPOSITIONS AND THE DEFINITE ARTICLE Also, the preposition which is joined to the definite article ,
assimilates with the following word which starts with C, d, r, n,
The most commonly used prepositions in Maltese are: , t , x, z and z as in the following examples:
S
quddiem in front of
wara behind
IiI + it-tifla =
Iidejn near
lejn towards
fuq on
tant under
fejn where
bejn between
minn from
lil to
bnal like
gnal for
ta' of
ma' with
fi in
bi with

CONTRACTIONS OF PREPOSITIONS

When the prepositions 1iI, bnal, gnal, ta', ma', fi and bi (but not
the other prepositions) immed iately precede the definite article,
they are linked to the definite article , thus forming one word as
in the following examples:

lil + iI-kelb = lill-kelb to the dog

bnal + iI-banar = bnall-banar like the sea
gnal + il-kelb = gnall-kelb for the dog
ta' + iI-qattus = tal-qattus of the cat (the eat's)
ma' + iI-mara = mal-mara with the woman/ wife
fi + iI-gnien = fil-gnien in the garden
bi + iI-fjura = bil-fjura with the flower

18
 Now try these exercises:

Exercise One
First insert the definite article, then translate into English.
e.g. bejt il-bejt (the roof)
Vazun ; mejda; siggu; gnien ; zunzana; baliar; cavetta; dgliajsa;
fjura ; isfar; alimar; gnasfur; nanut; nar; ragel ; xemx ; zokkor;
zejt; widna; tifla; sodda.

Exercise Two
Answer the following questions
1. Which prepositions can be linked to the definite article to
form one word?

2. Which prepositions cannot be linked to the definite article?

3. What happens to those prepositions which are linked to the

definite article when the following words start with C, d, n,
r, s, t, x, Z, and z?

20
 The Verbs To Be and To Have
with the aunt; on the chair; of the boy; like a rainbow; in the car;
for the husband; behind the vase; in front of the uncle; between
the bed and the chair; of a girl ; the dog and the cat; the boy's
pocket; Friday, Saturday, Sunday and Monday.
PRONOUNS AND VERBS

The personal pronouns in Maltese are :

Exercise Four
jiena I
Express in English:
inti (sing) you (sing)
Ftdejn is-siggu ta' Marija; tant il-mejda; fil-karrozza tal-mara; ma' huwa he
Joe ; lejn il-bieb; bejn il-qattus u I-kelb; fiI-familja ta' Carmen ; hija she
gnal tifel ; fiI-but tal-missier; I-ewwel qattus; namsa u gnaxra; it- anna we
tielet ragel; I-gnaxar mara. intom (pi) you (pi)
huma they
Exercise Five
The conju gated form of the verb To Be is as follows :
Write these in Maltese:
To Be
=2
e.g . 1 + 1 wiened u wiened = tnejn
jiena I am
(i) 3 + 4 = 7;
inti (sing) you are
(ii) 1 + 2 + 6 = 9;
huwa he is
(iii) 5 + 7 = 12;
hija she is
(iv) 8 + 3 = 11 ;
anna we are
(v) 10 + 2 = 12.
intom (pi) you are
huma they are

The above paradigm of the conjugated verb to be shows that

the personal pronouns in Maltese also have a verbal function
whe n followed by a noun or an adjective as in the following
examples :

hija mara sabina she i.s. a beautiful woman

huwa marid he i.s. sick

The verb To Have, an irregular functional verb , is conjugated

in the following way:

22 23
 To Have ASKING QUESTIONS

jiena gfiandi I have In Maltese the following words are used to ask questions:
inti gfiandek (sing) you have
kem m ? how much/how many?
huwa gfiandu he has
min? who?
hija gfiandha she has
gfialfejn? why?
afina gfiandna we have
fejn? where?
intom gfiandkom (pi) you have
kif? how?
huma gfiandhom they have
xi? what?
Of particular note is the fact that, unlike English , the subject minn fejn? from where?
pronouns in Maltese may be omitted since the verbal forms are
As has been noted earlier, it is common for Maltese speakers
recognised by their endings. This notwithstanding , the pro-
to omit the personal pronouns as in the following examples:
nouns are inserted when :
(i) two subjects are in contrast in a sentence: Kemm gfiandek zokkor? How much sugar do you have?
Min huma? Who are they?
e.g. (a) Huma gfiandhom gnien filwaqt li hija gfiandha karozza.
Gfialfejn hija hawn? Why is she here?
They have a garden while she has a car.
Fejn intom? Where are you? (pi)
instead of: Kif int? How are you? (sing)
e.g. (b) * Gfiandhom gnien filwaqt Ii gfiandha karozza. X'gfiandu r-ragel? What does the husband have?
(They) have a garden while (she) has a car.
Of note is the fact that the Maltese particle in prefixes the
(* hypothetical sentence) pronouns hu (inhu), hija (inhija) and huma (inhuma) when
(ii) for emphasis: these follow either kif how or xi what as below:
e.g. (a) Hija gfiandha qattus.
X'inhu? What is he?
She has a cat.
Kif inhija? How is she?
instead of: Kif inhuma? How are they?
e.g. (b) Gfiandha qattus.
(She) has a cat.
(iii) when the second subject in a sentence is preceded by the
word anki or ukoll also/even:
e.g. (a) Marija gfiandha qattus u anki jiena gfiandi wiefied .
Maria has a cat and even I have one (cat) .
instead of:
e.g. * Marija gfiandha qattus u ankilukoll gfiandi wiefied.
Maria has a cat and even I have one (cat).
(*hypothetical sentence)

25
24
 SECTION A
SECTION B
Word List
Word List
kemm? how much/ how many?
min? who? Ix-xhur tas-sena The months of the year
minn from Jannar January
glialfejn? why? Frar February
xi? what? Marzu March
kamra tas-sodda a bedroom April April
kamra tal-pranzu a dining room Mejju May
sal ott a sitting room Gunju June
k6ina a kitchen Lulju July
kugin a cousin Awissu August
xejn nothing Settembru September
ilium today Ottubru October
ftit a little Novembru November
bank a bank Di6embru December
flus money
razzett a farm Espressjonijiet ta' Kuljum Everyday Expressions
kampanja countryside I-gliodwa t-tajba good morning
papra a duck il-wara nofs in-nhar it-tajjeb good afternoon
kaxxa a box il-Iejl it-tajjeb good night
pipa a pipe x'hemm? hello (how are things?)
tajjeb good/ well kif int? how are you?
tajjeb fine/ well
hekk u hekk so-so
sanna good bye
Exercise One
narak see you
Express in English is-sliem peace be with you
jekk jogligbok please
1. Marija gliandha dar fil -kampanja.
2. Mario gliandu qattus, kelb u papra fil-gnien tiegliu . Common Expressions with the Verb To Have
3. L-omm u I-missier huma fuq il-bejt tan-nanna.
4. It-tifla ta' Carmen gliandha kaxxa kbira talit is-sodda. Gnandi I-guli . I am hungry.
5. II-pipa tan -nannu hija fuq il-mejda fil-kCina. Gliandi I-gliatx. I am thirsty.
6. Ir-ragel ta' Marija gliandu ragun . Gliandi ragun. I am right.
7. Kif int ilium? Tajjeb, grazzi. Gliandi tort. I am wrong.
8. Min huwa dak it-tifel? II-kugin ta' Francesco. Gliandha sena. She is one year old.
9. Fejn huwa Mark? Huwa fis-salott ma' Mario. Gliandi x'naglimel. I am busy.

26 27
 Exercise Two
Express in Maltese:

28
 Masculine Feminine (i) by adding the vowel a to the masculine adjective which
Alia God id-dar the house ends in a consonant; e.g. zgnir (masculine), zgnira
ilma the water il-qalb the heart
is-sema the sky I-omm the mother

GENDER OF ADJECTIVES

Describing words which are known as adjectives, tell you what

a thing is like (small, heavy, large) . In Maltese, adjectives can
be either masculine or feminine depending on the gender of the
noun . Thus, an adjective is assigned a masculine gender if it
describes a masculine noun , whereas it is given the feminine
form if it qualifies a feminine noun , as is shown in the examples
below:
tifel zgnir a small/young boy
tifla zgnira a small/ young girl

it-tifel iz-zgnir the boy the small/young (the small/young boy)

it-tifla z-zgnira the girl the small/young (the small/young girl)

From the above examples one notes that:

(i) the position of the adjective in Maltese is one which follows
the noun ; e.g. tifel zgnir a boy small/young (a small/young
boy)

(ii) Definiteness is shown by affixing the definite article to both

the noun and the adjective ; e.g. It-tifel iz-zgnir the boy the
young (the young boy). Occasionally, the definite article is
affixed only to the noun ; e.g . il-Kotba Mqaddsa The Sacred
Scripture.

As regards the gender of nouns, at the outset of this lesson it

was noted that as a rule , masculine nouns end in a consonant
or in the vowel u, whereas those which are feminine end in the
vowel a. Adjectives follow a similar pattern. Those adjectives
which describe masculine nouns usually end in a consonant or
in the vowel i. Just like feminine nouns, feminine adjectives are
derived from masculine adjectives in the following ways :

31
30
 Exercise Two

platt (m) a plate

problema (f) a problem
belt (f) a town
gflarus (m) a groom
lampa (f) a lamp
librerija (f) a library
tazza (f) a glass
kikkra (f) a cup
kuccarina (f) a teaspoon
imgflarfa (f) a spoon
kamra tal-banju (f) a bathroom
sanna (f) health/ strength
pjazza (f) a (village) square

Exercise One
Mark the nouns which are masculine as M and those which are
SECTION B
feminine as F stating the reason for your choice.
Word list
The following example will show you how to go about working
ferflan (m) happy
the exercise :
imdejjaq (m) sad
II-Iampa the lamp F/ends in the vowel a i:gflir (m) small/young
kbir (m) big
1. il-mara the woman
twil (m) tall
2. il-kelba the bitch
qasir (m) short
3. is-siggu the chair
sabifl (m) beautiful/handsome
4. il-problema the problem
ikrah (m) ugly
5. il-wicc the face
rqiq (m) thin
6. I-ilma the water
sinjur (m) rich/ wealthy
7. is-sema the sky
fqir (m) poor
8. I-avukat the lawyer
kwiet (m) quiet
9. il-flajjat the tailor
imqareb (m) naughty/ mischievous
10. Alia God
bjond (m) fair
11. il-qawsalla the rainbow
ismar (m) dark
12. I-isptar the hospital
13. il-tabiba the doctor
 lazy exercise Five
active/ industrious Express in Maltese:
clean
dirty The small girl ; the shy man ; the quiet girl ; the handsome man ;
old (inanimate object) the dirty dog; the good book; the rich family .
old (person)
new Exercise Six
foreigner
high Put in the feminine and then translate into English:
low
affable
bad
book

Nazzjonalitajiet Nationalities

Malti (m) Maltese

Gliawdxi (m) Gozitan
Ingliz (m) English
Amerikan (m) American
Awstraljan (m) Australian
Kanadiz (m) Canadian
Spanjol (m) Spanish
Taljan (m) Italian
Grieg (m) Greek
Franciz (m) French
Tork (m) Turk
Ciprijott (m) Cypriot
Gappuniz (m) Japanese
Germaniz (m) German
Gliarbi (m) Arab

Exercise Four
Express in Maltese

34 35
 NOUNS

Most nouns are assigned the plural by affixing the suffixes: -i,
-ien, -ijiet, and -iet.
platt platti
bieb bibien
missier missirijiet
sptar sptarijiet
omm ommijiet
*siggu siggijiet
*nannu/a nanniet
*Uajla tfajliet

*Nouns ending in a vowel drop this vowel when affixing the

plural suffix.

The plural of nouns which indicate parts of the body which go

in pairs such as hands, arms, ears, and legs, is formed by
affixing the suffix -ejn to the end of the singular noun.
id idejn hands
gliajn gliajnejn eyes
rigel riglejn legs
widna widnejn ears
spalla spallejn shoulders

36 37
 The suffix -ajn is affixed to the singular form instead of -ejn in bejt bjut roofs
the case of nouns which end in gfl or fl: furketta frieket forks
rag el rgiel men/husbands
gewnan gwinnajn wings ktieli kettles
kitla
driegn dirgnajn arms fniek rabbits
fene k
qalb
ADJECTIVES

fernan fernanin happy

imdejjaq imdejqin unhappy
manmug manmugin dirty
tajjeb tajbin good
rieqed reqdin sleepy
gflazzien gnazzenin lazy
kiesan kesnin silly
Adjectives ending in the vowel i form their plural by adding the the plural form of the nouns and adjectives.
suffix -n :
Malti Maltin Maltese
Gnawdxi Gliawdxin Gozitans
Sqalli Sqallin Sicilians
dliuli dliulin affable
barrani barranin foreigners

Adjectives ending in a consonant form their plural by adding the

suffix -i :
Franciz Francizi French zija zijiet aunts
Ingliz Inglizi English kugin kugini male cousins
Taljan Taljani Italian kugina kugini female cousins
flu aliwa brothers
Spanjol Spanjoli Spanish
oflt aliwa sisters
(b) the Broken or Internal Plural is formed by changing the barrani barranin foreigners
internal structure of the word itself. It should be noted that furketta frieket forks
the change in the structure of the word occurs only with mgflarfa mgliaref spoons
regard to the vowels of the particular word. The sequence sikkina skieken knives
of the consonants of the noun or adjective is never changed . kuccarina kuccari ni teaspoons
The following examples show the formation of broken or sieq saqajn feet
internal plurals:
38 39
 exercise One
rigel riglejn legs

tajjeb tajbin good

ferlian ferlianin happy

gliazzien gliazzenin lazy

kelb klieb dogs

'----
 professur professuri
avukat avukati
perit periti
gflalliem gflalliema
nutar nutara
spizjar spizjara
tabib tobba
student studenti
problema problemi
Taljan Taljani
FranCiz Fran6izi
Malti Maltin
Gflawdxi Gflawdxin
Giprijott Giprijotti
Grieg Griegi
Tork Torok
Germaniz Germanizi
Gappuniz Gappunizi
Kanadiz Kanadizi
Amerikan Amerikani
studjuz studjuzi
flobza flobziet
ilsien ilsna
bejt bjut
qalb qlub
ras irjus
kitla ktieli

Exercise Three
Express in Maltese:
1. The grandfather is with an old woman in the big house.
2. The boy and the girl are on the chai r.
3. The wise uncle is on the small bed .
4. Carnival and Easter are big feasts .
5. The horses and the donkeys are in the big garden with
children.
42 43
The imperative has two persons: the second person singular
(ixtri! - buy!) ; and the second person plural (ixtru! - buy!) . It is
best to memorise the two persons of the imperative of the verb
stems to be able to conjugate the verbs in the present tense.

CONJUGATION OF VERBS

Maltese verbs are conjugated by means of adding the prefixes

n (1 st person singular), t (2nd person singular) , j (3rd person
singular masculine) , t (3rd person singular feminine ) to the
singular form of the imperative. The plural prefixes n (1 st person
plural) , t (2nd person plural) , j (3rd person plural) are added to
the plural form of the imperative as shown in the following
conjugated verbs :

XTARA to buy
ixtril (2nd person singular) buy!
ixtru! (2nd person plural) buy!
jiena nixtri I buy
inti tixtri you (sing) buy
huwa jixtri he buys
hija tixtri she buys
anna nixtru we buy
intom tixtru you (pI) buy
huma jixtru they buy

45
 Exercise Three
xtara to buy
ixtri! (sing) ; ixtru! (pi) buy! put the correct form of the verb in the present tense as in the
following example:
lagnab to play
ilgnab! (sing) ; ilagnbu! (pi) play! e.g. Anna (fehem) nifhmu .
1. Huwa (nadem). 2. Hija (nabb). 3. Inti (seraq) . 4. Anna (Iibes) .
ta to give 5. Intom (sajjar). 6. Jiena (xtara). 7. Huma (Iagnab). 8. Marija
agnti! (sing) ; agntu! (pi) give! u Mario (ta) . 9 . It-tfal (fehem). 10. Inti (kiteb) . 11 . II-kelb (gera) .
to understand 12. In-nisa (pogga) . 13. Intom (gnamel).
fehem
ifhem! (sing) ; ifhmu! (pi) understand!

SECTION B

Exercise One Word List

Translate into Maltese and conjugate the following verbs in the kiesan (m), kiesna (f) , kesnin (pi) cold
present tense: flaxix vegetables
frotta (f), frott (pi) fruits
to wash ; to love; to work; to do/to make; to give ; to understand ;
flelwa (f), nelu (pi) sweets
to sweep; to buy.
stagun (m) , staguni (pi) seasons
xahar (m), xhur (pi) months
Exercise Two numru (m), numri (pi) numbers
flafna much; a lot of; many
Insert the correct pronoun and then translate into English. dan (m), din (f) , dawn (pi) this/these
1. . ..... taqra nafna kotba. dak (m), dik (f), dawk (pi) that/those
2. .. .. .. niifnu fiI-pjazza . gardinar (m), gardinara (pi) gardeners
3. .. .... jagnmlu nafna storbju . eiami (m), eiamijiet (pi) examinations
4 . .. .... nixtri nafna laring . lezzjoni (m) , lezzjonijiet (pi) lessons
5. . .... . jnobb is-sigar kbar. futbol football
6. .. .... tpoggi s-siggijiet fil-kamra tal-banju. difficli (m & f, Sing & pi) difficult
7. .. .. .. nafldmu kuljum. flimkien together
8. . ... .. nsajjar kull nhar ta' Sibt. hemmhekk there
9. .. .... jisraq nafna flus . storbju noise
10. . .... . nagntu nafna laring u langas . Milied Christmas
11 . . .... . jnobbu I-klieb u I-qtates. Ghid Easter
12. .. .... nifhmu I-Iezzjoni tal-Malti. laringa (f), laring (pi) oranges
ittra (f) , ittri (pi) letters
karrotta (f) , karrotti (pi) carrots ·
langasa (f) , langas (pi) pears

49

11
 Exercise Five
II-kuluri Express in Maltese:
anmar (m), namra (f), nomor (pi) red 1. Every week the boy reads a book.
alldar (m), nadra (f) , nodor (pi) green . 2. Mary cooks dinner for the boys.
iswed (m), sewda (f) , suwed (pi) black
abjad (m) , bajda (f) , bojod (pi) white
isfar (m) , safra (f), sofor (pi) yellow
iknal (m) , kanla (f), konol (pi) blue
griz (m) , griza (f), grizi (pi) gray
kannella (m & f, sing & pi) brown
roza (m & f, sing & pi) pink
10. They have a large house and a beautiful garden .
L-istaguni the seasons 11. Every Monday, Mark buys oranges , carrots and pears.
ir-rebbiegna (f) spring 12. Every month Carmen washes the old chair in the kitchen.
is-sajf (m) summer
il-narifa (f) autumn Exercise Six
ix-xitwa (f) winter
Express in Maltese:
1. The Maltese flag is white and red .
2. Francesco Pio and Carmen are in the grandfather's garden
Exercise Four (in the garden of the grandfather) .
Express in English: 3. Wh ile December is a cold month , July is very warm .
4. Sean is a quiet boy and is also shy.
1. L-istaguni tas-sena huma erbgna: ir-rebbiegna, is-sajf, 5. A Canadian student is studious and wise .
il-liarifa u x-xitwa . 6. Francis has a big car while I have a small dog and a big
2. II-kuluri li nnobb huma tmienja: I-iswed, I-alldar, il-kannella, tabby cat.
ir-roza, I-iknal , I-abjad, il-griz u I-isfar. 7. The mother and the father are hungry and thirsty.
3. II-bandiera Taljana hija liadra, bajda u namra. 8. The boy and the girl are right.
4. II-libsa I-namra hija manmuga .
5. It-tife I in-nadif hu qawwi.
6. Mara Griega hija mara sabina.
7. Ix-xin I-gnaref huwa lidejn il-mara I-mistnija.
8. Is-sigra I-kbira hija sabina nafna.
9. Simone tnobb gnien kbir bil-fjuri.
10. Filwaqt li Mario hu t-tifel il-kbir tal-familja Borg, Maria hija
t-tifla z-zgliira tal-familja Fenech .

50 51
 SECTION A
Word list
storja (f) , stejjer (pi)
filgliaxija
wara nofs in-nhar

~
mar to go
mur! (sing); morru! (pi) go! Exercise Two

wiegeb to answer Put in the correct form of the verb and then translate into
wiegeb! (sing) ; wiegbu! (pi) answer! English:

gidem to bite e.g. Alina (kiteb) iUra lill-mara ta' Mario.

igdem! (sing) ; igdmu! (pi) bite! Alina niktbu iUra lill-mara ta' Mario.
We write a letter to Mario's wife.
acceUa to accept
accept! 1. Inti (zifen) tajjeb liafna.
acceUa! (sing); acceUaw! (pi)
2. Huma (liabb) lill-qtates u I-klieb.
fetali to open 3. Marija (xtara) libsa twila.
iftali! (sing) ; iftliu! (pi) open! 4. It-tfal (gera) fir-razzeU tan-nanniet.
5. Jiena (kiteb) ktieb dwar I-istorja ta' Malta.
6. II-missier (liadem) fl-glialqa tan-nannu .
Now try these exercises: 7. In-nisa (sajjar) kuljum gliall-familji.
8. Carmen (nefaq) liafna flus fil-kotba ta' I-iskola.
Exercise One 9. Huwa (liasel) lit-tifel il-malimug.
10. Mark (kines) I-art tad-dar il-kbira fil-kampanja .
Put the right part of the verb in those sentences for which the
verb stem is given in brackets and put into the negative.
Afterwards translate into English: Exercise Three
e.g. II-Milied u I-Gliid (gliamel) lil liafna nies ferlianin Express in Maltese:
II-Milied u I-Gliid ma jaglimlux lil liafna nies ferlianin . 1. The Maltese flag is not yellow and green , but white and
Christmas and Easter do not make a lot of people happy. red.
1. Hija gliandha tifla u tifel. 2. Francesco Pio u Carmen are not here but at their friends '
2 . . Alina (gera) lejn il-baliar. farm house.
3. Jiena mara bjonda u twila.

54 55
 5. A German student is not always studious.
6. Francis does not have a big car like Sean .
7. The son and the daughter are not hungry and thirsty.
S. The small children are not right.
9. The lesson is difficult and Maria does not understand the
teacher.
10. The old men in the square love the cheesecakes and the In Maltese, futurity is conveyed by means of the particle sejjer
sweets. (m), sejra (f) , sejrin (pi) . This particle carries the meaning of
shall and precedes the conjugated form of the present tense
Exercise Four of verbs as shown in the following examples:

Express in Maltese: Carmen sejra tixtri I-Iiaxix gliada.

Carmen will buy the vegetables tomorrow.
1. The man does not steal watches.
2. Maltese people do not spend a lot of money. Francis u Sean sejrin jalislu I-platti wara I-pranzu .
3. Joe sweeps his bedroom in the afternoon . Francis and Sean will wash the plates after lunch.
4. Maria and Carmen do not play football , but they play tennis.
5. The gardener does not give water to the trees in the garden. To BE AND To HAVE
6. The two boys do not understand the lesson.
The future of the verbs To Be and To Have is as follows:
7. In Malta we do not have a long winter.
S. The Maltese language is not difficult. To Be To Have
jiena nkun I shall be jiena jkolli I shall have
inti tkun you (sing) will be inti jkollok you (sing) will have
huwa jkun he will be huwa jkollu he will have
hija tkun she will be hija jkollha she will have
alina nkunu we shall be alinajkollna we shall have
intom tkunu you (pi) will be intom ikollkom you (pi) will have
huma jkunu they will be huma jkollhom they will have

The future forms of the verbs to be and to have may also be

followed by the present tense of the conjugated verb as in
following examples:

Gliada huma jkollhom jixtru Iiafna frott gliat-tifla I-marida.

Tomorrow they will have to buy a lot of fruit for the sick girl.
II-gimglia d-dielila jiena ser inkun nizfen fil-kamra tal-pranzu
ma'Mark.
Next week, I shall be dancing in the dining room with Mark.

56 57
 Exercise Two
SECTION A
Express in Maltese:
Word List
1. Maria will not put the forks on the table.
Common Expressions denoting the Future: 2. John will not work in the months to come.
3. The small girl will not steal the doll.
is-sena d-dielila next year
4. The children will not play with the dog.
sena olira next year
5. I shall read the book in the next few days.
il-gimglia d-dielila next week
6. The mother and father will cook the meal in the evening .
fil-gimgliat li gejjin in the weeks to come
ix-xahar id-dieliel next month
fix-xhur li gejjin in the months to come
fi ftit sigliat olira in the next few hours
fil-granet li gejjin in the next few days
fis-snin Ii gejjin in the years to come
fi ftit minuti olira in the next few minutes
fi ftit sekondi olira in the next few seconds
it-Tnejn li gej next Monday
dalwaqt soon

Now try these exercises:

Exercise One
Express in Maltese:
1. In the next few days Mark will give a lesson at the
University.
2. She will write a letter to the boy in the next few hours.
3. Soon I shall give the book and the dress to a girl.
4. They will buy vegetables and fruit from the farmhouse.
5. We shall wash the dirty clothes next week.
6. I shall read the important book next month.
7. Mario shall work a lot next year.
8. Joe and Mario will have to cook the dinner for the family.
9. The children will be dancing in the garden in the afternoon.
10. The boys will have to understand the Maltese lessor;l soon.

58
 e.g. Anna (gnen)
Anna sejrin ngninu .

Exercise Four
-i 1st pers. sing -ni
Express in Maltese:
-ja 1st pers. sing
1. -Mary will not wash the dirty clothes next week. (when joined to a vowel ending)
2. We will not accept the beautiful watch . -ek/ok 2nd pers. sing -ek/ok
3. Joe does not help Maria in the evening. -k (when joined to a vowel ending) -k
4 . You (sing) and the boy will have to go near the church . -u 3rd pers. sing masc. -u
5. The children will have to work a lot next summer. -h (when joined to a vowel ending) -h
6. Maria will answer Joe's letter in the afternoon . -ha 3rd pers. sing fem -ha
7. Pierre will buy the car next week. -na 1st pers. pi -na
8. I shall have to give the food to the small children . -korn 2nd pers pi -kom
9. The dog will bite the little boy's hand soon. -horn 3rd pers . pi -horn
10. The husband will have to wake up the boy.
11 . Maria and Mario will work on an important project next year.
PRONOMINAL SUFFIXES WITH PREPOSITIONS
12. We shall be at home in the next few minutes.
Some prepositions in Maltese can either stand alone or can
have a pronominal suffix attached to them as shown in the
following examples:

Lejn towards
It-tifel jigri lejn I-omm. The boy runs towards
the mother.
It-tifel jigri lejha. The boy runs towards her.

Fuq on/ upon

Marija sejra tmur fuq il-bejt Maria will go on the roof
gnada. tomorrow.
Marija sejra tmur fuqu Maria will go on it
gnada. tomorrow.
61
60
 t"fdejn near/by the side of prepositions and their pronominal suffixes as these are very
Pierre jgliix M ejn it-tabib Abela. Pierre lives near Or Abela. often used in Maltese.
Pierre jgliix Iidejh. Pierre lives near him.
Fost among
Joe huwa I-kbir fost Iiafna tfal. Joe is the oldest among
many siblings.
Joe huwa I-kbir fosthom . Joe is the oldest among
them.
Bhallike
II-fjura hija sabilia bhat-tifla . The flower is as beautiful as
the girl.
II-fjura hija sabilia bhalha. The flower is as beautiful as Mario jmur I-iskola ma' Joe. Mario goes to school with Joe.
her (the girl). Mario jmur I-iskola miegliu . Mario goes to school with him.

Minghajr without Ta' Of

Marija hija minghajr ir-ragel. Maria is without the husband. Tieglii mine
Marija hija minghajru . Maria is without him. Tiegnek yours (sing)
Taht under/beneath Tiegnu his
II-kelb huwa taht is-sodda. The dog is under the bed. Tagliha hers
II-kelb huwa tahtha. The dog is under it (the Taglina ours
bed). Tagnkom yours (pI)
Tagnhom theirs
Bi with (this preposition can also be linked with the definite
article 1-) Fil-gnien ta' Marija hemm nafna fjuri sbieli .
BiI-flus taglimel triq fil -banar. With money one can make In Maria 's garden there are a lot of beautiful flowers.
(construct) a road in the sea
(one can do anything if one FiI-gnien tagnha hemm nafna fjuri sbien .
has money). In her garden there are a lot of beautiful flowers.
Bihom taglimel triq fil-banar. With them (money) one can
make (construct) a road in PRONOMINAL SUFFI XES WITH NOUNS
the sea.
In Maltese there are some nouns to which may be added the
Ghand at the place of/ to pronominal suffixes. These nouns usually refer to parts of the
Huma jagnmlu I-pastizzi ghand il-nbieb. bOdy (head , ear, mouth) and to relationships such as close
They make cheesecakes at their friends ' (houses) . relatives. However, there are also a few other nouns which may
Huma jaglimlu I-pastizzi ghandhom. have the suffix attached to them .
They make cheesecakes at their friends ' (houses) .

The prepositions ma' with and ta' of are given below with the
affixation of the pronominal suffixes. It is best to learn these
62 63
 Nouns denoting Parts of the Body
punent (m) west
Rasu hija kbira nafna. His head is very big. gnalqa (f), gnelieqi (pi) fields
Gnajnek gnandha infezzjoni . Your (sing) eye has an infection. specjali (m & f, sing & pi) special
Idi hija zgnira. My hand is small. mhux biss not only
il-nin the time
Nouns denoting Relatives
Missieri jnobb I-Gnid u I-Milied . My father loves Easter and Now try these exercises:
Christmas.
Huna u ontna huma fernanin . Our brother and our sister
are happy. Exercise One
Ommi gnandha pacenzja kbira. Our mother is very patient. First translate the following words and then attach the
pronominal suffixes to the following prepositions and nouns
Other Nouns as shown in the following:
Xognolhom hu diffiCli nafna. Their work is very difficult.
Darna hija zgnira izda nadifa. Our house is small but clean. Mingnajr Without
Hajtu hija mimlija dwejjaq. His life is full of sorrow. Mingnajri without me
Mingnajrek without you (sing)
Mingliajru without him
SECTION A Mingnajrha without her
Word List Mingnajrna without us
Mingnajrkom without you (pi)
infezzjoni (f) , infezzjon ijiet (pi) infections Mingnajrhom without them
fuq on
fost among On ; like; under; with ; of; head ; eye ; hand ; house ; sister; mother;
mingnajr without father.
gnand at the house of/ at
pacenzja (f) patience
Exercise Two
xognol (m) , xognlijiet (pi) works
najja (f) life Express in Maltese:
skola (f) , skejjel (pi) schools
tal-naxix (m & f) the green-grocer 1. Joe runs towards the house with Maria's dog .
tal-nobz (m & f) the bread vendor 2. The teacher will go to school with them (the children) .
tal-pastizzi (m & f) the cheesecakes seller 3. Our dresses are red like Maria's. Ours (dresses) are like
hers.
tal-nelu (m & f) the c onfectioner
Provid enza (f) Providence 4. The old man lives by the sea. His son lives with him.
tramuntana (f) north 5. The dog goes on the black box. The dog goes on it (the box) .
6. The girl will have the book with her.
nofs in-nhar (m) south
Ivant (m) east

64 65
 Exercise Three
Express in English: ~
mar to go
1. Joe jigri d-dar mal-kelb tiegni.
mur! (sing); morru! (pi) go!
2. L-gnalliema sejra tmur I-iskola magnhom .
3. II-libsa tagnha hija namra bnal tat-tfa!. gawda to enjoy
4. Ix-xin jgnix Mejn il-banar mal-mara tiegnu u mat-tfal ta' ontu . gawdil (sing); gawdu! (pi) enjoy!
5. It-tifla sejra jkollha I-ktieb magnha .
6. AgM I-ktieb liI Joe. qaleb to turnlchange
7. In-nisa sejrin ikunu mingnajr flus dalwaqt. aqlebl (sing); aqilbul (pi) turn/change!
8. II-Malti gnandu nafna kliem Taljan u Inglii.
seta' to be able
SECTION B ista'! (sing); istgnu! (pi) be able!

Word Ust qal to say

nandikappat (m) nandikappati (pi) handicapped gnid! (sing) ; gnidul (pi) say!
kumpanija (f) company
fil-fatt in fact daqq to play (an instrument)
daqs size doqql (sing); doqqu! (pi) play!
ckejken (m), ckejkna (f), ckejknin (pi) small/young
kapitali (f) capital gab to bring
gnalkemm .although gib! (sing); gibu! (pi) bring!
iiiejjed too much
patron saint naseb to think
qaddis patrun (m)
barra outside anseb! (sing); ansbu! (pi) think!
atmosfera (f) atmosphere
tiijin (pi) decorations
fortunatament fortunately
sfortunatament unfortunately
favorit (m), favorita (f), favoriti (pi) favourite
murtal (m), murtali (pi) . petards
Mura (f) greenery
biex in order to
temp weather
kullimkien everywhere
liaga thing
paci peace
poplu people
kulnadd everyone
noss (m), nsejjes (pi) s'ounds
bionn (m), bionnijiet (pi) needs
kif ukoll as well
86 67
 Exercise Four Sfortunatament, f'dawn il-festi jkun hem m wisq storbju mhux
tal-banda li ddoqq marci ferrielia , iida tal-murtali qawwija Ii
First express in English and then answer in Maltese the jinstemgliu tista' tgliid minn kullimkien. Glialkemm hi Iiaga
questions set: sabilia li wielied igawdi I-festa tal-patrun tar-ralial tiegliu , imma
hemm bionn wielied jiftakar Ii mhux kulliadd iliobb il-murtali
Ir-Rebbiegfla f'Malta
qawwija. Ix-xjuli u I-morda gliandhom bionn il-paCi u I-kwiet u
Wielied mill-istaguni tas-sena huwa r-rebbieglia u glial Iiafna nafna drabi t-tfal igliar jibigliu mill-Iisejjes tal-murtali.
Maltin dan huwa I-istagun favorit taglihom . Gnalihom , il-murtali huma tal-biia' u mhux ta' ferli.
F'dan I-istagun it-tfal gliandhom il-vaganzi ta' I-Gliid u glialhekk (a) X'jaglimel il-festa tar-ralial sabilia?
gliandhom il-Iiin kollu biex igawdu n-natura meta jmorru f'xi (b) X'hemm fil-festi li jdejqu lit-tfal u lix-xjuli?
glialqa biex jaraw il-Iidura u I-fjuri bil-kuluri sbieli taglihom blial :
alimar, isfar, alidar, iklial , abjad u kannella.
Exercise Six
Sfortunatament, I-istagun tar-rebbieglia mhux twil f'Malta gliax
Express in English:
wara x-xahar ta' April , it-temp jinbidel , u I-arja tislion u malajr jigi
s-sajf . Id-Oar tal-Providenza
(a) Liema stagun huwa I-favorit ta' Iiafna Maltin?
Ir-ralial igliir u kwiet tas-Siggiewi huwa fin-nofs in-nhar tal-giira
(b) Liema vaganzi jkollhom it-tfal fir-rebbieglia?
ta' Malta.
(c) Kif igawdu n-natura I-Maltin?
Hafna nies jafu b'dan ir-ralial glial dawn ir-ragunijiet: (i) is-Siggiewi
gliandu Iiafna glielieqi u sigar kbar u glialhekk, il-Maltin imorru
Exercise Five hemmhekk biex igawdu n-natura; (ii) f'dan ir-ralial hemm post
First translate into English and then answer in Maltese the specjali - id-Oar tal-Providenza. Fiha jgliixu nies li gliandhom
questions set: bionnijiet specjali. Hemm bionn Iiafna flus glial din id-dar.

II-Knejjes Maltin II-poplu Malti hu wielied generui u qalbu tajba. Glialdaqstant,

il-Maltin jaglitu Iiafna flus. lida n-nies jaglitu mhux biss il-flus ,
Malta gliandha Iiafna knejjes kbar u sbieli. Fil-faU, gliad-daqs imma wkoll il-Iiin taglihom billi jgliinu lill-Iiandikappati bil-kumpanija
tagliha, tista' tgliid Ii f'kull ralial hemm knisja sabilia u li gliandha tagnhom .
storja twila.
Fost il-knejjes sbieli gliandna I-katidral fiI-belt qadima u kwieta
ta' I-Imdina, kif ukoll il-knisja ta' San Gwann fiI-belt kapitali ta'
Malta, Valletta.
II-poplu Malti hu wielied li jliobb iiejjen il-knejjes tiegliu ,
glialkemm xi drabi naliseb li jiejnu ftit iiiejjed.
Fis-sajf ikun hemm il-festi tradizzjonali tal-qaddis patrun tal-
knisja tar-ralial jew tal-belt. F'jum il-festa, il-knisja jkollha Iiafna
nies minn barra r-ralial biex igawdu I-atmosfera ferrielia kif ukoll
it-tiijin .
69
68
 Lesson Twelve
Numbers and How to Tell the Time

NUMBERS
The cardinal numbers in Maltese undergo some changes when
they are followed by a noun. Although in Section B of Lesson
Four the numbers from 1 to 12 were listed, yet no explanation
was given as regards the changes these numbers undergo
when followed by a noun. The following cardinal numbers
(1-20) do not precede nouns.

THE CARDINAL NUMBERS

1 wielied 11 lidax
2 tnejn 12 tnax
3 tlieta 13 tlettax
4 erbglia 14 erbatax
5 liamsa 15 limistax
6 sitta 16 sittax
7 sebglia 17 sbatax
8 tmienja 18 tmintax
9 disglia 19 dsatax
10 gliaxra 20 glioxrin

Some of the cardinal numbers undergo minor changes when

followed by a noun . Moreover, all the nouns following the
numbers (2-10) are in the plural as in the following examples:
A monosyllabic noun A polysyllabic noun
. 1 wielied (m) , walida (f) wielied (m) , walida (f)
2. iewgt iewg
3 tlett tliet
4 erbat erba'
5 liamest liames
6 sitt sitt
7 sebat seba'
8 tmint tmien
9 disat disa'
10 gliaxart gliaxar
71
 The numbers 11-19 remain the same when followed by either 102 mija u tnejn
a monosyllabic and/or polysyllabic nouns. It is also important 103 mija u tlieta
to note that: (i) the number is followed by -iI and (ii) the noun 1000 elf
which follows is in the singular and nO.t in the plural as for the 1,000,000 miljun
numbers 2-10: 500,000 nofs miljun (half a million)
e.g. lidax-il sigra (sing) eleven trees 250,000 kwart ta' miljun (a quarter of a million)
e.g. names siggijiet (pi) five chairs
To sum up it is important to note that :
11 lidax-il mara eleven women
(i) From 2-10 the noun that follows is in the plural;
12 tnax-il tifel twelve boys
e.g. sitt iqtates 6 cats
13 tlettax-il kelb thirteen dogs
14 erbatax-il dar fourteen houses (ii) From 11-19 the noun that follows is in the singular;
15 nmistax-il sodda fifteen beds e.g . tnax-il gnien 12 gardens
16 sittax-il ragel sixteen men
17 sbatax-il mejda seventeen tables (iii) From 20-101 the noun that follows is in the singular;
18 tmintax-il pultruna eighteen armchairs e.g . namsa u liamsin mara 55 women
19 dsatax-il gnien nineteen gardens
(iv) From 102-110 the noun that follows is in the plural ;
The following are other commonly used cardinal numbers: e.g . mija u tliet siggijiet 103 chairs

20 gnoxrin (v) From 111-119 the noun that follows is in the singular;
21 wiened u gnoxrin e.g . mija u tmintax-il tifel 118 boys
22 tnejn u gnoxrin
23 tlieta u gnoxrin
How TO T ELL THE TIME
24 erbgna u gnoxrin
25 namsa u gnoxrin Once you know the cardinal numbers it is not at all difficult to
26 sitta u gnoxrin learn how to go about telling the time in Maltese . In response
27 sebgna u gnoxrin to the question X'hin huwa? What time is it? (What is the time?),
28 tmienja u glioxrin the answer may be for example: is-sitta six o'clock.
29 disgna u glioxrin
The first thing that one should notice about the Maltese answer
30 tletin
31 wiened u tletin is that there is no equivalent for the English word o'clock.
40 erbgnin Knowing the numbers from 1 to 60 will enable you to tell the time .
50 namsin is-sieglia one o'clock
60 sittin is-saglitejn two o'clock
70 sebgnin it-tlieta three o'clock
80 tmenin I-erbglia four o'clock
90 disgliin il-liamsa five o'clock
100 mija is-sitta six o'clock
101 mija u wielied is-sebgna seven o'clock

72 73
 it-tmienja eight o'clock
id-disgna nine o'clock
I-gnaxra ten o'clock SECTION A
il-Max eleven o'clock Word List
nofs in-nhar noon; mid-day
nofs il-Iejl twelve o'clock; midnight gnoxrin twenty
tletin thirty
From the above it is evident that the only numbers which differ erbgnin forty
from the cardinal numbers are: is-siegna one o'clock; is-sagntejn namsin fifty
two o'clock; nofs in-nhar noon; nofs il-Iejl midnight. In Maltese for sittin sixty
times before noon we say filgnodu (in the morning) ; for times after sebgnin seventy
noon , we say wara nofs in-nhar (in the afternoon) and we say tmenin eighty
filgnaxija when it is after 6 p.m . disgnin ninety
e.g. is-siegna ta' filgnodu 1 a.m. mija hundred
e.g is-sagntejn ta' wara nofs in-nhar 2 p.m. elf (m) , eluf (pi) thousands
e.g . nofs in-nhar 12.00 noon miljun (m), miljuni (pi) millions
e.g. nofs il-Iejl 24.00 midnight nofs miljun half a million
e.g. I-gnaxra u gnaxra ten minutes past kwart ta' miljun a quarter of a million
ten o'clock (to. 10)
e.g . I-gnaxra neqsin gnaxra ten minutes to ~ ~
ten o'clock (9.50) kiber to grow up
Learn this table: ikber! (sing) ; ikbru! (pi) grow up!

Sittin sekonda jagnmlu minuta 60 seconds make a minute studja to study

Sittin minuta jagnmlu siegna 60 minutes make an hour studja! (sing) ; studjaw! (pi) study!
Erbgna u gnoxrin siegna 24 hours make a day
jagnmlu gurnata gnallem to teach
Sebat ijiem jagnmlu gimgna 7 days make a week gnallem! (sing); gnallmu! (pi) teach!
Erba' gimgnat jagnmlu xahar 4 weeks make one month
12 months make one yea r kien to be
Tnax-il xahar jagnmlu sena
kun! (sing) ; kunu! (pi) become!

emmen to believe
emmen! (sing); emmnu! (pi) believe!

investa to invest
investi! (sing); investu ! (pi) invest!

nesa to forget
insa! (sing); insew! (pi) forget!

74 75
 organizza to organise noon/twelve o'clock
organizza! (sing); organizzaw! (pi) organise! the time
to sell what is the time ?
biegli quarter past
bigli! (sing) ; bigliu! (pi) se//!
half past
aubergines
Exercise One to (the hour)
kilo/s
Express in Maltese: half a kilo
75 chairs; 121 dogs; 5 tomatoes ; 7 tables; half a kilo zucchini; metres
a kilo oranges; 18 cats; 45 pounds (currency) ; half a million
pounds ; one quarter of a million Italians; 103 rabbits .

Exercise Two
Express in Maltese:
1. Carmen and Charles have two children , while Maria and Joe
have seven .
2. There are five trees near the old tree in the small villag e.

pears .
4. The two women go to (the) church .
5. The confectioner has a lot of sugared almonds and
chocolate .
6. There are three tailors , eleven teachers, nine architects, two
pharmacists and a doctor in the large village.
7. I shall go to the old woman next week.

SECTION B
Word List
sekonda (f) , sekondi (pi) seconds
minuta (f) , minuti (pi) minutes
sieglia (f) , sigliat (pi) hours
gurnata (f) , granet (pi) days
filgliodu (in the) morning
nofs il-Iejl midnight

n
76
 Exercise Three gnax I-Universita hi b'xejn u I-istudenti gnandhom stipendju kull
xahar biex jixtru I-kotba u biex ma jkunux dipendenti fuq
Answer in Maltese the following questions as in the following
il-genituri tagnhom .
example:
II-poplu Malti jinvesti nafna flus fuq dawn iz-zgnazagn gnax
e.g. How many minutes are there in half an hour? Tletin minuta.
jemmen li I-investiment fl -edukazzjoni hu I-aqwa investiment
1. How many months are there in one year? f' pajjiz li jnares 'il quddiem!
2. How many days are there in a week?
3. How many minutes are there in a quarter of an hour?
Exercise Six
4. How many hours are there in one day?
5. How many minutes are there in half an hour? Express in English:
6. How many months are there in two years?
L-Emigrazzjoni

Exercise Four II-popolazzjoni ta' Malta u tal-gzira ta' fldejha, Gnawdex, hi ta'
anqas minn nofs miljun . Gnaldaqstant, hem m nafna Maltin u
Write the time in Maltese: Gnawdxin li jgnixu I-Awstalja, I-Amerika, il-Kanada u I-Ingilterra.
e.g. 5.45 a.m. is-sitta neqsin kwart ta' filgflOdu Gnalkemm dawn I-emigranti ma jgnixux f'pajjizhom , izda huma
4.00 pm ; 9.00 pm ; 2.00 am ; 3.30 pm; 6.15 pm; 11 .30 pm ; qatt majinsew lil Malta. L-emigranti huma kburin bil-kultura Maltija
1.30 pm; 7.50 am . u gnalhekk jorganizzaw festi tradizzjonali Maltin bnall- Karnival ,
il-festa ta' San Pawl , il-Milied u I-Gnid.

Exercise Five L-attivitajiet kulturali Maltin huma importanti biex izommu I-kultura
najja, izda hemm bzonn li I-lingwa Maltija jitkellmuha mhux biss
Express in English: ix-xjun izda wkoll it-tfal tagnhom u t-tfal tat-tfal. B'hekk, il-kultura
Maltija tkun b'sannitha, gnax hija I-lingwa Maltija dik Ii tagntina
L-Universita. ta' Malta
I-identita tagnna.
L-Universita ta' Malta gnandha erba' mitt sena. Hija waflda
mill-eqdem universitajiet fiI-Commonwealth.
L-Universita tikber minn sena gnal onra . Tnax-il sena ilu kien
hem m biss madwar tmien mitt student jistudja, filwaqt li issa
hemm xi namest elef student. Hemm numru kbir ta' studenti
nisa Ii jistudjaw il-mediCina, il-farmaCija, ix-xjenza, u hemm
ukoll dawk li jistudjaw biex isiru inginiera.
II-fakultajiet ta' I-Arti, ta' I-Edukazzjoni u tal-Ligi huma kbar
u I-istudenti f'dawn il-fakultajiet jistudjaw nafna gnax hem m
kompetizzjoni kbira.
L-istudenti Maltin u Gnawdxin huma xxurtjati nafna mhux biss
gnax gnandhom professuri bravi biex jgnallmuhom , izda wkoll

78 79
KEY TO EXERCISES

LESSON ONE
Exercise One
1. Zunzana ~ebra
2. Qavetta cheese
3. Zija bi~
4. Gnien lustice
5. jjobza borse
6. Gflasfur dough
7 . Grazzi good
8. tiuwa beir
9. jjalib bam
10. Ziju ki~
11 . tiena bonour
12. Gzira gold
13. Zarbun ~odiac

Exercise Two
1. Gfl ; h.
2. C; g; fl ; q; x; z; z
3. b; d; f; g; j; k; I; m; n; p; r; s; t; v; w.

Exercise Three
1. Zokkor bits
2. Qurkett child
3. Zejt ~ebra
4. Gallarija girl
5. jjanut bouse
6. Gflax though
7. Xagflar shoe
8. turnata lob
9. jju bair
10 Jew t ellow

83
 Exercise Four Exercise Four
Gnasfur a bird; jiena I; mara a woman/wife; tifla a girl; pastizz a Cavetta a key, bieb a door, dan this; fjura a flower, 6urkett a ring;
cheesecake; karozza a car; langasa a pear, nannu a grandfather Cikkulata a chocolate; gurnata a day, gnasfur a bird; gnax
periklu danger; pultruna an armchair, siggu a chair, bieb a door, because; nu brother, nalib milk; giira an island; grazzi thank
issa now; pranzu lunch; fenek a rabbit, festa a feast, gnada you; karozza a car, missier a father, qattus a cat; ragel a man/
tomorrow, gnax because; libsa a dress; le no; mejda a table; husband; ziju an uncle; tifel a boy/son.
malajr soon/quickly, nanna a grandmother, ziju an uncle; qalb a
heart, sodda a bed; ras a head; sena a year, ritratt a photo;
vaganza a holiday. LESSON THREE

Exercise One
LESSON TWO 1. Tieg)}i nice
2. Qawsalla nQw
Exercise One
3. MiegflU know
1. 6nmar father 4. Kewkba sew
2. Qmm Qn 5. TiegDi day
3. Id sheep
4. Ukoll bytcher
5. .Elf s~11 Exercise Two
6. B~b sheet A garden gnien; he hu/huwa; January Jannar, a room kamra ;
7 . Ilma bill a dog kelb; a bird gflasfur, a mouse gurdien; a flower fjura ; this
dan; a chocolate cikkulata; a brother flu; because gflax; I jiena;
Exercise Two oil iejt, sun xemx; valley wied; shoe iarbuna ; a chair siggu; a
table mejda; bed sodda; a girl/daughter titla; hair xagflar, a knife
1. Lyminata pyt sikkina; an ear widna; rain xita; a grandfather nannu; a heart
2. Kif leak qalb; sugar zokkor, a wasp iuniana.
3. Gn~n seat
4. RQza Qver
5. M~diCina I~t Exercise Three
6. 6rja car
Iva yes; fern happiness; pranzu lunch ; medi6ina a medicine; kif
how, isfar yellow, eiempju example; anmar I red; luminata a
Exercise Three lemonade; bajda an egg; tiegni mine; tiegnu his; fejn where;
dgnajsa a boat, gnuda a wood; mija a hundred; dija brightness;
Yellow isfar, sky sema; cold kiesafl; yes iva; how kit, lunch
kewkba a star, qawsalla a rainbow.
pranzu; bucket/pail barmil; doll pupa; lemonade luminata ;
pocket but, air arja; post posta; water ilma; crib presepju; turkey
dundjan; happiness hena.

84 85
 LESSON FOUR Exercise Five
Exercise One 1. tlieta u erbglia = sebglia
2. wielied u tnejn u sitta = disglia
A vase vaiun; a table mejda; a chair siggu; a garden gnien; a
3. Iiamsa u sebglia = tnax
wasp iuniana ; a sea banar, a key cavetta; a boat dgflajsa ; a
4. tmienja u tlieta = Iidax
flower fjura ; yellow isfa r, red anmar, a bird gnasfur, a shop
5. gliaxra u tnejn = tnax
nanut, a fire nar, a man/husband ragel; sugar zokkor, oil iejt,
an ear widna; a girl/daughter titla ; a bed sodda.
LESSON FIVE
Exercise Two
1. Blial ; glial; ta'; ma'; fi ; bi ; fuq . Exercise One
2. Quddiem ; wara; talit; Iidejn; lejn . 1. Maria has a house in the countryside .
3. The definite article assimilates itself with these sounds . 2. Mario has a cat, a dog and a duck in his garden .
3 . The mother and the father are on the grandmother's
Exercise Three roof.
4. Carmen 's daughter has a big box under the bed .
Glial vaganza for a holiday, fuq il-Iumija on the lemon ;
5. The grandfather's pipe is on the kitchen table.
talit ic-cavetta under the key, bejn in-nies between/among the 6. Maria's husband is right.
people; maz-zija with the aunt, fuq is-siggu on the chair,
7. How are you today? Fine thank you .
tat-tifel of the boy/the boy's; blial qawsalla like a rainbo w,
8. Who is that boy? He is Francesco's cousin.
fil-karozza in the car, gliar-ragel for the man/husband; wara
9. Where is Mark? He is in Mario's sitting room.
I-vazun behind the vase; quddiem iz-ziju in front of the uncle;
bejn is-sodda u s-siggu between the bed and the chair, ta' tifla
of a girl/daughter or a girl's/ a daughter's; iI-kelb u I-q~ttus the Exercise Two
dog and the cat, il-but tat-tifel the boy's pocket, il-Gimglia,
is-Sibt, iH,add u t-Tnejn Friday, Saturday, Sunday and 1. It-tifel hu wara s-siggu .
Monday. 2. II-kelb hu fuq il-bejt.
3. C,a rmen u Francesco gnandhom kelb u qattus fir-razzett.
4. X gliandu Sean? Xejn.
Exercise Four
5. Jiena gliandi I-guli u huma gliandhom I-gliatx.
Near Maria's chair ndejn is-siggu ta ' Marija; under the table tant 6. Anna gliandna tort u inti gnandek ragun.
il-mejda; in the woman 's/wife's car fil-karozza tal-mara ; with 7. F~jn hi Marija? Hija fil-kamra tal-pranzu mat-tifel ta ' Mark.
Joe ma ' Joe; towards the door lejn il-bieb; between the cat and 8. Mm hu Francis? Hu t-tifel ta' George u Simone u I-kugin ta'
the dog bejn il-qattus u I-kelb; in Carmen's family fil-familja ta ' Francesco u Carmen .
Carmen; for a boy/son gnal tifel; in the father's pocket 9. X'gliandha I-om m fuq is-siggu? Gliandha laringa u lumija.
fil-but tal-missier; the first cat I-ewwel qattus; 5 and 10 namsa 10. Kemm gliandek flus fiI-bank? Ftit.
u gnaxra ; 1 and 6 wiened u sitta; the third man/husband it-tielet 11. I~-xhu r tas~sena huma: Jannar, Frar, Marzu, April , Mejju,
ragel; the tenth woman I-gnaxar mara. GunJu , LulJu , Awissu , Settembru , Ottubru Novembru u
Dicembru . '

86
87
 12. II-granet tal-gimgna huma sebgna: it-Tnejn , it-Tlieta, I-gnalliem (m) the teacher I-gnalliema; il-qattus (m) the tom-cat
I-Erbgna, il-l9amis, il-Gimgna, is-Sibt u 1-l9add. il-qattusa ; il-perit (m) the architect il-perit; il-kittieb (m) the writer
13. Mario: X'hemm , I-gnodwa t-tajba, Mark. Kif int? il-kittieba; I-ispizjar (m) the pharmacist I-ispizjara.
Mark: Tajjeb grazzi u int?
Mario: Hekk u hekk, bnal xin . Exercise Four
Mark: Sanna Mario. Ragel qasir a short man; tifel kwiet a quiet boy; sema sabin a
Mario: Is-sliem Mark. beautiful sky, mara noxna a fat woman; karozza zgliira a small
Mark: Narak! car, tifel qasir a short boy, mara biezla an industrious woman-
tifla samra a dark girl; kcina malimuga a dirty kitchen; kamr~
tal-banju nadifa a clean bathroom; kugin gliazzien a lazy cousin.
LESSON SIX
Exercise Five
Exercise One
F/a It-tifl.a z-zgliira the small girl; it-tifel iI-mistlii the shy boy, it-tifla
1. The woman/wife
F/a I-kwleta the quiet girl; ir-ragel is-sabili the handsome man-
2. The bitch
3. The chair M/u il-k~lb il-mali~ug the dirty dog; the good orange il-Iaring~
F/a t-tajba; II-famllJa s-sinjura the wealthy family.
4. The problem
5. The face M/consonant
6 The wate r M/exception Exercise Six
7. The sky M/exception
Talja~.~Italian; mistliija shy, tifla girl; Torka Turk; Maltija Maltese;
8. The lawyer M/consonant
Fra nclz~ French; Kanadi~a Canadian; Gliawdxija Gozitan;
9. The tailor M/consonant
~ wstralJana Australian; Ciprijotta Cypriot, Griega Greek;
10. God M/exception
Germaniza German; Gliarbija Arab.
11 . The rainbow F/a
12. The hospital M/consonant
13. The doctor (f) F/a Exercise Seven
1. Maria's husband is fat and tall.
Exercise Two 2. Who are Maria and Francis? They are Joe's children .
3. Sean is the young son of the Fenech family .
Ix-xemx (f) the sun; iz-zejt (m) oil; it-tazza (f) the glass; il- 4. Mario is tall and handsome like Maria's uncle.
pjazza (f) the square; il-Iumija (f) the lemon; il-knisja (f) the 5. Mark and Mario are hungry and thirsty.
church; id-dar (f) the house; in-nar (m) the fire; il-belt (f) the 6. The old man and th e tall woman are right.
town ; il-libsa (f) the dress; iI-lampa (f) the lamp; il-nalib (m) 7. Carmen Maria is only one year old and is Francesco's sister.
the milk; il-librerija (f) the bookcase/ library, I-imgnarfa (f) the 8. The beautiful house has a big dining room , a bedroom, a
spoon; il-platt (m) the plate. small kitchen, a bathroom and a big garden .
9. The Maltese girl and the Japanese boy are in the poor
Exercise Three man's small house.
10. How much money do the woman and the man of the poor
Id-dentist (m) dentist id-dentista; il-kelb (m) the dog il-kelba;
family have? A little.
it-tabib (m) the doctor it-tabiba; il-najjat (m) tailor il-najjata;
89
88
 Exercise Three
Exercise Eight
1. II-Griega, it-Taljan , il-Germaniza u I-Malti huma fis-salott 1. In-nannu hu ma' mara xina fid-dar il-kbira.
2. It-tifel u t-tifla huma fuq is-siggu .
ma' nies onra .
2. Fir-ranal hemm pjazza kbira u sigra zgliira. 3. Iz-ziju I-gnaref hu fuq is-sodda z-zgnira.
3. L-ilsien tat-tifel I-Amerikan hu I-Ingliz. 4. II-Karnival u I-Gnid huma festi kbar.
4. Joe hu ragel gliani imma hu generuz mat-tifel il-fqir. 5. Iz-zwiemel u I-nmir huma fil-gnien il-kbir mat-tfa!.
5. II-mara s-sabina gliandha ragel gnazzien u tifla biezla. 6. Fir-ra~zett ~emm zwiemel , nmir, qtates kbar u klieb zgnar.
6. II-Kanadiz it-twil hu bjond , dnuli u fernan . 7. Fuq 1-lmweJjed hem m frieket , skieken u mgnaref.
7. II-problema ta' Marija hija gdida. 8. Ir-raflliala gliandhom fniek u klieb fiI-pjazza .
8. Fil-librerija hemm lampa kbira u tazza malimuga. 9. II-knejjes f'Malta huma qodma izda sbien .
9. L-isptar il-qadim hu zgliir izda nadif.
10. L-gliarus u I-gnarusa huma hawn .
LESSON EIGHT

Exercise One
LESSON SEVEN
Tansel to wash
Exercise One
~iena nansel , inti tansel , huwa jansel , hija talisel , anna nanslu ,
Tfal manmugin dirty children; nisa ndaf clean women; nanniet Into m tanslu , huma janslu .
xjun old grandparents; rgiel twal tall men; tfal gnaqlin wise
children; frieket qodma old forks ; kuccarini ndaf clean t=tabb to love
teaspoons; spallejn kbar big shoulders; widnejn zgnar small
~iena nliobb , inti tnobb, huwa jliobb , hija tliobb , alina nnobbu ,
ears; tfal gnazzenin lazy children; Maltin gnaqlin wise Maltese;
Intom tnobbu, huma jnobbu.
missirijiet kwieti quiet fathers; rgiel tajbin good men.
t=tadem to work
Exercise Two Jien nandem , inti tandem , huwa jalidem , hija tandem , alina
1. Iz-zijiet huma fil-gonna z-zgnar mat-tfal il-kwieti. The uncles nalidmu , intom tandmu , huma jandmu .
and the aunts are in the small gardens with the quiet children.
Gnamel to do/to make
2. In-nanniet huma fid-djar taz-zijiet. The grandparents are in
the uncles' and aunts ' houses. Jiena naglimel , inti tagnmel , huwa jagnmel , hija tagnmel , alina
nagnmlu , intom tagnml u, huma jaglimlu.
3. Iz-zwiemel u I-nmir huma fl-irziezet il-kbar tan-nanniet. The
horses and the donkeys are in the grandparents' big Ta to give
farmhouses.
~iena nagnti , inti tagliti , huwa jagnti , hija tagliti , anna nagntu ,
4. II-qtates u I-klieb huma fuq il-bjut tar-ranlin. The cats and Into m tagntu , huma jagntu .
dogs are on the villagers ' roofs.
5. II-bnadar tal-pajjizi gnandhom nafna kuluri. The countries '
flags have many colours.
90 91
 Fehem to understand Exercise Four
Jiena nifhem, inti tifhem , huwa jifhem , hija tifhem , afma nifhmu, 1. The seasons of the year are four: spring, summer, autumn, winter.
intom tifhmu , huma jifhmu . 2. T~e colours that I love/like are eight: black, green , brown ,
pink, blue , white , gray and yellow.
Kines to sweep 3. The Italian flag is green , white and red.
Jiena niknes , inti tiknes , huwa jiknes , hija tiknes, alina nikinsu, 4. The red dress is dirty.
5. The clean boy is sturdy.
intom tikinsu , huma jikinsu.
6. A Greek woman is a beautiful woman .
7. The wise old man is near the shy woman.
Xtara to buy
8. The big tree is very beautiful.
Jiena nixtri, inti tixtri , huwa jixtri , hija tixtri , alina nixtru, intom 9. Simone loves a big garden with flowers.
tixtru, huma jixtru. 10. While Mario is the eldest son of the Borg family, Maria is
the youngest daughter of the Fenech family .
Exercise Two
1. Hija taqra Iiafna kotba. She reads many/a lot of books. Exercise Five
2. Alina nizfnu fiI-pjazza. We dance in the square. 1. Kul l gimglia t-tifel jaqra ktieb.
3. Huma jaglimlu Iiafna storbju . They make a lot of noise. 2. Marija ssajjar pranzu gliat-tfal.
4. Jiena nixtri Iiafna laring. I buy many oranges. 3. Ir-rag el ta' Simone hu qawwi Iiafna u twil.
5. Huwa jliobb is-sigar il-kbar. He loves the big trees. 4. Kuljum, it-tfal jieklu Iiafna Iielu.
6. Hija tpoggi s-siggijiet fiI-kamra tal-banju. She puts the 5. It-tifla s-sabilia tilbes il-libsa I-Iiamra.
chairs in the bathroom. 6. Jiena nliobb il-Milied u I-Gliid.
7. Alina nalidmu kuljum . We work every day. 7. Jiena gliandi kelb kannella u qattus iswed.
8. Jiena nsajjar kull nhar ta' Sibt. I cook every Saturday. 8. L-erb~' staguni huma: ir-rebbieglia, is-sajf, il-Iiarifa u x-xitwa.
9. Huwa jisraq Iiafna flus . He steals a lot of money. 9. Kull fllgliaxija , Marija u Joe jizfnu flimkien .
10. Alina naglitu Iiafna laring u langas. We give a lot of oranges 10. Huma gliandhom dar kbira bi gnien sabili .
and pears. 11 . Kull nhar ta' Tnejn , Mark jixtri laring , karrotti , u langas.
11. Huma jnobbu I-klieb u I-qtates. They love the dogs and the 12. Kull xahar Carmen talisel is-siggu I-qadim fil-kcina .
cats.
12. Alina nifhmu I-Iezzjoni tal-Malti . We understand the
Exercise Six
Maltese lesson.
1. II-bandiera Maltija hija bajda u Iiamra.
Exercise Three 2. F~ancesco Pio u Carmen huma fil -gni en tan-nannu.
3. Fllwaqt Ii Dicembru huwa xahar kiesali , Lulju hu sliun Iiafna.
1. Huwa jalidem (liadem) . 2. Hija tIiobb (liabb) . 3. Inti tisraq
4. Sean huwa tifel kwiet u wkoll mistlii .
(seraq) . 4. Alina nilbsu (Iibes). 5. Intom issajru (sajjar) . 6. Jiena
5. Student Kanadiz huwa studjuz u gliaref.
nixtri (xtara). 7. Huma jilaglibu (Iagliab). 8. Marija u Mario
6. ~ra~cis gliandu karozza kbira, filwaqt li jiena gliandi kelb
jaglitu (ta). 9. It-tfal jifhmu (fehem). 10. II-kelb jigri (gera).
zglilr u qattusa kbira.
12. In-nisa jpoggu (pogga). 13. Intom taglimlu (gliamel) .
7. L-~mm u I~missier gliandhom il-guli u I-gliatx.
8. It-tlfel u t-tlfla gliandhom ragun .
92 93
 LESSON NINE 8. Carmen tonfoq liafna flus fil-kotba ta' I-iskola. Carmen
spends a lot of money on school books.
Exercise One 9. Huwa jalisel lit-tifel il-malimug . He washes the dirty boy.
10. Mark jiknes I-art tad-dar il-kbira fil-kampanja . Mark sweeps
Hija m'gliandhiex tifla u tifel. She does not have a son and the floor of the big house in the countryside.
a daughter.
2 Alina ma nigrux lejn il-baliar. We do not run towards the sea.
3. Jiena m'iniex mara bjonda u twila. I am not a blond and tall Exercise Three
woman . Express in Maltese:
4. Huwa m'gliandux dar sabilia bi gnien kbir. He does not
have a beautiful house with a big garden. 1. II-bandiera Maltija m'hijiex safra u liadra, izda bajda u
5. Hija m'hijiex spizjara anzjana u gliarfa. She is not an liam ra.
elderly and wise pharmacist. 2. Francesco Pio u Carmen m'humiex hawn izda fir-razzett
6. M'humiex nisa tajbin. They are not good women . tal -li bieb.
7. Inti m'gliandekx liafna guli u gliatx. You are not very 3. Filwaqt li Lulju m'hux xahar kiesali , Jannar m'hux sliun
hungry and thirsty. . . izda kiesali liafna.
8. It-tfal ma fehmux il-Iezzjoni tal-Malti. The children dId not 4. Francis huwa tife l biezel u studjuz.
understand the Maltese lesson. 5. Student German iz m'huwiex dejjem kwiet.
9. Marija u Mario m'humiex fil-kamra tal-pranzu mat-tfal. 6. Francis m'gliandux karozza kbira blial Sean .
Maria and Mario are not in the dining room with the 7. It-tifel u t-tifla ta' Mario m'humiex bil-guli u bil-gliatx.
children. 8. It-tfal iz-zgliar m'gliandhomx ragun .
10. Pierre ma jixtrix liafna laring u langas. Pierre does not buy 9. Glialkemm il-Iezzjoni m'hijiex diffiCli, Marija ma tifhemx
a lot of fruit and sweets. I-glialliem .
11 . It-tfal ma jaglimlux liafna storbju meta huma jilaglibu 10. Ix-xjuli fil-pjazza jliobbu I-pastizzi u I-lielu.
I-futbol fit-triq. The children do not make a lot of noise when
they play football in the street.
Exercise Four
1. Ir-ragel ma jisraqx arloggi.
Exercise Two
2. II-Maltin ma jonfqux liafna flus.
1. Inti tizfen tajjeb liafna. You dance very well. 3. Joe ji knes il-gnien wara nofs in-nhar.
2. Huma jliobbu lill-qtates u I-klieb. They love the cats and the dogs. 4. Marija and Carmen ma jilaglibux futbol , imma huma jilaglibu
3. It-tfal jigru fir-razzett tan-nanniet. The children run in the tennis .
grandparents' farmhouse. 5. II-gardinar ma jaglitix ilma lis-sigar fil-gnien .
4. Marija tixtri libsa twila. Maria buys a long dress. 6. It-tfal ma jifhmux il-Iezzjoni.
5. Jiena nikteb ktieb dwar I-istorja ta' Malta. I write a book on 7. F'Malta ma jkollniex xitwa twila.
the history of Malta. . 8. II-lingwa Maltija m'hijiex diffi61i.
6. II-missier jalidem fil-glialqa tan-nannu. The father works In
the grandfather's field.
7. In-nisa jsajru kuljum gliall-familji. The women cook every
day for the families.

94 95
 LESSON TEN 6. Marija sejra twiegeb I-ittra ta' Joe wara nofs in-nhar.
7. Pierre sejjer jixtri I-karozza I-gimgna Ii gejja.
Exercise One 8. Jiena sejjer ikolli nagnti I-ikel lit-tfal iz-zgnar.
9. II-kelb sejjer jigdem I-id tat-tifel iz-zgnir dalwaqt.
Express in Maltese: 10. Ir-ragel ikollu jqajjem it-tife\.
1. Fi ftit granet onra Mark ser jagnti lezzjoni fl-universita. 11. Marija u Mario sejrin jandmu fuq progett importanti s-sena
2. Hija sejra tikteb ittra lit-tifel fi ftit sign~t onr~ .. d-dienla.
3. Dalwaqt jiena sejra nagnti I-ktieb u 1-lIbsa III tlfla. 12. Anna sejrin inkunu fid-dar fil-ftit minuti Ii gejjin.
4. Huma sejrin jixtru I-naxix u I-frott mir-razzett. .
5. Anna sejrin nanslu I-nwejjeg il-manmugin il-gi~gna d-dlenla.
6. Jiena sejjer naqra ktieb importanti x-xahar Id-dlenel. LESSON ELEVEN
7. Mario sejjer jafldem nafna s-sena d-dienla. ..
8. Joe u Mario ikollhom isajru I-pranzu gnall-familJa. Exercise One
9. It-tfal serjin jizfnu fil-gnien wara nofs in-nhar. Fuq on Bnallike Tant under
10. It-tfal sejrin jifhmu I-Iezzjoni tal-Malti dalwaqt.
fuqi on me bnali like me tanti under me
fuqek on bnalek like talitek under
Exercise Two you (sing) you (sing) you (sing)
1. Marija m'hijiex sejra tpoggi I-frieket fuq il-mejda. fuqu on him bnalu like him tantu under him
2. John m'huwiex sejjer jafldem fix-xhur Ii gejjin. fuqha on her bnalha like her tantha under her
3. It-tifla z-zgnira m'hijiex sejra tisraq il-pupa. fuqna on us bnalna like us tantna under us
4. It-tfal m'humiex sejrin jilagnbu mal-kelb . fuqkom on bnalkom like tantkom under
5. Jiena sejra naqra I-ktieb fi ftit granet onra. you (pI) you (pI) you (pI)
6. L-omm u I-missier ser ikollhom isajru I-ikla filgnaxija. fuqhom on them bnalhom like them tanthom under them

Ma' with Ta' of Ras head

Exercise Three
miegni with me tiegni mine rasi my head
1. Huwa sejjer iwiegeb. 2. Jiena sejjer immur. 3. In-nisa sejrin miegliek with
jizfnu. 4. Anna sejrin nagnzlu . 5. Intom s~j~in taccetta,,:,: 6. I~tl you (sing) tieghek yours (sing) rasek your head (sing)
sejjer tgnin . 7. Hija sejra tqum. 8. Intom seJnn taslu. 9. HIJa seJra miegnu with him tiegnu his rasu his head
tagnzel. 10. It-tifla sejra tpoggi. magnha with her tagnha hers rasha her head
magnna with us tagnna ours rasna our head
Exercise Four maglikom with
you (pi) taghkom yours (pi) raskom your head (pI)
1. Marija m'hijiex sejra tansel il-nwejjeg il-manmugin il-gimgna magnhom with tagnhom theirs rashom their head
d-dienla. them
2. Anna m'anniex sejrin naccettaw I-arlogg is-sabin .
3. Joe ma jgninx lil Marija filgnaxija.
4. Inti u t-tifel ikollkom tmorru fldejn il-knisja.
5. It-tfal sejrin ikollhom jafldmu nafna fis-sajf Ii gej.
96 97
 Id hand Oar house 4. The old man lives near the sea with his wife and his sister's
Gflajn eye children.
gnajni my eye idi my hand dari my house 5. The girl will have her own book.
gnajnek your idek your darek your 6. Give the book to Joe.
eye (sing) hand (sing) house (sing) 7. The women will soon be without money.
gnajnu his eye idu his hand daru his house 8. Maltese has many Italian and English words .
gnajnha her eye idha her hand darha her house
gnajnna our eye idna our hand darna our house
darkom your Exercise Four
gnajnkom your idkom your
eye (pI) hand (pI) house (pI) Spring in Malta
gnajnhom their idhom their hand darhom their house
One of the seasons of the year is spring and for many Maltese
eye
this is their favourite season .
Oht sister Omm mother Missier father During this season , the children have their Easter holidays and
ommi my mother missieri my father thus have all the time to enjoy nature when they go in some field
onti my sister
ommok your missierek your to see the greenery and the flowers with their beautiful colours
ontok your
mother (sing) father (sing) like: red , yellow, green, blue, white and brown.
sister (sing)
ontu his sister ommu his mother missieru his father
Unfortunately, spring is not a long season in Malta because after
ontha her sister ommha her mother missierha her father
the month of April , the climate changes and it becomes hot and
ontna our sister ommna our mother missierna our father
soon there is summer.
ontkom your ommkom your missierkom your
sister (pI) mother (pI) father (pI) (a) L-istagun favorit tal-Maltin huwa r-rebbieglia.
onthom their ommhom their missierhom their (b) Fir-rebbieglia, it-tfal ikollhom il-vaganzi ta' I-Gliid.
sister mother father (c) II-Maltin igawdu n-natura billi jmorru f'xi glialqa mimlija fjuri
b'liafna kuluri .

Exercise Two
Exercise Five
1. Joe jigri lejn id-dar mal-kelb ta' Marija.
2. L-gnalliem sejjer imu r I-iskola maglihom. , .. Maltese Churches
3. L-ilbiesi taglina huma liomor blial dawk ta ManIa. Huma
Malta has many big and beautiful churches. In fact , for its size ,
blial tagliha. . , .., one can say that in in every village there is a beautiful church
4. Ir-ragel ix-xiii jgliix lidejn iI-baliar. IHlfel tIe.gliu Ig lilxhmlegliu . with a long history.
5. II-kelb imur fuq il-kaxxa s-sewda. II-kelb Imur f uq a.
6. It-tifla sejra jkollha I-ktieb magliha. Among the beautiful churches , we have the cathedral in the old
and quiet city of Mdina, as well as the church of St John in
Vall etta, the capital city of Malta
Exercise Three
The Maltese love decorating their churches, although , at times ,
1. Joe runs home with his dog. I think that they overdecorate.
2. The teacher will go to school with them.
3. Her dress is red like the children 's.
99
98
 In summer the traditional feasts of the patron saint of the village LESSON TWELVE
or city are held . On the feast day , the church attracts a lot of
people from outside the village who enjoy the happy Exercise One
atmosphere as well as the decorations.
Hams~ u sebgnin fenek ; mija wiened u gnoxrin kelb ; names
Unfortunately, these feasts are too noisy not because of the ta~amle~ ; sebat imwejjed; nofs kilo qargnabagnli; kilo laring ;
band which plays joyful marches , but rather because of the t~l.ntax-11 qattus; namsa u erbgnin lira; nofs miljun lira; kwart ta'
powerful petards which are heard , from practically everywhere. mllJun Taljani ; mija u tliet siggijiet.
Although it is a good thing for one to enjoy his village patron
saint's feast , yet it is important to remember that not everyone Exercise Two
enjoys the powerful petards. The old and the sick people need
peace and quiet, and very often small children are afraid of 1. Carmen u Charles gnandhom zewgt itfal , filwaqt Ii Marija u
the noises of the petards. For them, these petards instill fear Joe gnandhom sebgna.
and not happiness. 2. Hemm names sigriet fldejn is-sigra I-qadima fir-ranal iz-zgnir.
3. ~al.-naxix .m 'gnandux kilo laring u nofs kilo langas.
(a) In-nies jiefldu gost bit-tizjin tal-knisja u tar-ranal , kif ukoll 4. Iz-zewg nlsa jmorru I-knisja.
bil-banda li ddoqq il-marci. 5. Tal-nelu gnandu nafna perlini u Cikkulata.
(b) Hafna tfal u xjun ma jnobbux il-nsejjes li jagnmlu I-murtali 6. Hemm tliet najjata, fldax-iI gnalliem , disa' periti , zewg
fiI-festa. spizjara u tabib fir-ranal il-kbir.
7. Jiena sejra mmur gnand in-nisa x-xjun il-gimgna d-dienla.
Exercise Six
The House of Providence Exercise Three

The small and quiet village of Siggiewi is in the south of the 1. Hemm tnax-il xahar f'sena .
island of Malta. 2. Hemm seba' granet f'gimgna .
3. Hemm nmistax-il minuta fi kwarta ta' siegna.
A lot of people know about this village for these reasons: (i) 4. Hemm erbgna u gnoxrin siegna f'gurnata.
Siggiewi has a lot of fields and big trees and thus, the Maltese 5. Hemm tletin minuta f'nofs siegna.
go there in order to enjoy nature ; (ii) in this village there is a 6. Hemm erbgna u gnoxrin xahar f'sentejn.
special place - The House of Providence. People with special
needs live in this house . A lot of money is needed to run this
Exercise Four
house.
L-erbgna ta' wara nofs in-nhar; id-disgna ta' filgnaxija; is-
The Maltese people are generous and kind hearted. Thus, the
sagntejn ta' filgnodu ; it-tlieta u nofs ta' wara nofs in-nhar; is-sitta
Maltese donate a lot of money. Yet it is not only money that
u kwart ta' filgnaxija ; il-fldax u nofs ta' filgnaxija ; is-siegna u nofs
people give , but they also give their time by keeping company
ta' wara nofs in-nhar; it-tmienja neqsin gnaxra ta' filgnodu.
to these handicapped people.

100 101
 Exercise Five VERB LIST
The University of Malta
The University of Malta is four hundred years old . It is one of The following is a list of verbs stems together with their
imperative forms :
the oldest universities in the Commonwealth .
The University grows from one yearto another. Twelve years ago To Accept accetta
there were only about eight hundred students, while now there Accept! accetta! (sing); accettaw! (pi)
are five thousand students. There are many female students who To Arrive wasal
study medicine, pharmacy, science and there are those who study Arrive! asal! (sing) ; aslu! (pi)
to become engineers.
To Be Able seta'
The faculties of Arts, Education and Law are big and the students Be Able! ista'! (sing); istgliu! (pi)
in these faculties study hard because they face a stiff competition .
To Become sar
Maltese and Gozitan students are very lucky not only because Become! sir! (sing); siru! (pi)
they have good professors teaching them, but also because there
are no tuition fees and the students are given a monthly stipend To Believe em men
so as to buy books. In this way they will not be dependent on their Believe! emmen! (sing) ; emmnu! (pi)
parents. To Bite gidem
The Maltese invest a lot of money on these young people Bite ! igdem! (sing) ; igdmu (pi)
because they believe that investing in education is the best
To Bring gab
investment for a country that looks to the future.
Bring ! gib! (sing); gibu (pi)
To Buy xtara
Exercise Six
Buy! ixtri! (sing); ixtru! (pi)
Emigration
To Cook sajjar
The population of Malta and that of its neighbouring island, Gozo, Cook! sajjar! (sing); sajru! (pi)
is less than half a million people , yet there are many Maltese and
Gozitans who live in Australia , America, Canada and the United To Do gliamel
Kingdom. Do! aglimel! (sing) ; aglimlu! (pi)

Although these emigrants do not live in their countries, yet they To Dance zifen
never forget Malta. The emigrants are proud of the Maltese Dance! izfen! (sing); izfnu! (pi)
culture and thus organise traditional Maltese feasts like To Dress libes
Carnival , 8t. Paul's feast, Christmas and Easter. Dress! IIbes! (sing); ilbsu (pi)
The Maltese cultural activities are important because they keep
To Enjoy gawda
the Maltese culture alive, however, it is necessary for the Maltese
Enjoy! gawdi! (sing) ; gawdu ! (pi)
language to be spoken not only by the elderly but also by their
children and their grandchildren. In this way, the Maltese culture To Feel liass
will be strong, because it is the Maltese language that gives us Feel! lioss! (sing); liossu! (pi)
our identity as Maltese.
02 103
 To See ra
To Find sab
See! ara! (sing) ; araw! (pi)
Find! sib! (sing); sibu! (pi)
To Sell biegli
To Forget nesa Sell!
insa! (sing) ; insew! (pi) bigli! (sing); bigliu! (pi)
Forget!
To Sit Down pogga
To Give ta Sit Down! poggi! (sing) ; poggu! (pi)
Give! agliti! (sing) ; aglitu! (pi)
To Spend nefaq
ToGa mar Spend ! onfoq! (sing) ; onfqu! (pi)
Go! mur! (sing) ; morru! (pi)
To Steal seraq
To Grow Up kiber Steal ! israq! (sing); isirqu! (pi)
Grow Up! ikber! (sing); ikbru! (pi)
To Study studja
To Invest investa · Study! studja! (sing) ; studjaw! (pi)
Invest! investi! (sing) ; investu! (pi)
To Sweep kines
To Love liabb Sweep! iknes! (sing); ikinsu! (pi)
Love! liobb! (sing) ; liobbu! (pi)
To Think liaseb
To Make gliamel Think! aliseb! (sing) ; alisbu! (pi)
Make! aglimel! (sing); aglimlu! (pi)
To Turn qaleb
To Open fetali Turn! aqleb! (sing) ; aqilbu! (pi)
Open ! iftali! (sing); iftliu! (pi) To Understand fehem
To Organise organizza Understand! ifhem! (sing); ifhmu! (pi)
Organize! organizza! (sing); organizzaw! (pi) To Wake Up qam
lagliab Wake Up! qum! (sing) ; qumu! (pi)
To Play (games)
Play! ilgliab! (sing) ; ilaglibu! (pi) To Wash liasel
Wash! alisel! (sing); alislu! (pi)
To Play (music) daqq
Play! doqq! (sing) ; doqqu! (pi) To Work liadem
Work! alidem! (sing); alidmu! (pi)
To Read qara
Read! aqra! (sing); aqraw! (pi) To Write kiteb
Write! ikteb! (sing) ; iktbu! (pi)
To Run gera
Run! igri! (sing) ; igru! (pi)

To Say qal
Say! gliid! (sing) ; gliidu! (pi)

105
04
 MALTESE - ENGLISH WORD LIST
A bieb (m) , bibien (pi) door
biegfi to sell
abjad (m), bajda (f) , bojod (pi) biex in order to
white biss only
accetta to accept bjond (m) , bjonda (f),
afidar (m), fiadra (f) , fiodor (pi) bjondi (pi) blond
green bringiela (m) , bringiel (pi)
afimar (m), fiamra (f), aubergine
fiomor (pi) red but (m) , bwiet (pi) pocket
Alia (m) God bionn (m) , bionnijet (pi) need
April (m) April
ara to see
arja (f) air
atmosfera (f) atmosphere
c
avukat (m) , avukatessa (f) ,
cavetta (f) , cwievet (pi) key
avukati (pi) lawyer
cena (f) dinner
Awissu (m) August
cikkulata (f) , cikkulati (pi)
chocolate
curkett (m) , crieket (pi) ring
B
b'hekk in this way o
bafiar (m), ibfira (pi) sea
bajda (f) , bajd (pi) egg dak (m) , dik (f) , dawk (pi) that
bandiera (f) , bnadar (pi) flag dawk (pi) those
bank (m) , banek (pi) bank dan (m) , din (f) this
barmil (m) , bramel (pi) bucket dawn these
barra outside daqq to play (music)
barrani (m) , barranija (f) , dar (f) , djar (pi) house
barranin (pi) foreigner dedikat (m) , dedikata (f) ,
basla (f) , basal (pi) onion dedikati (pi) dedicated
baxx (m) , baxxa (f) , baxxi (pi) dejjem always
low dentist (m) , dentista (f) ,
bejn between dentisti (pi) dentist
bejt (m) , bjut (pi) roof Dicembru (m) December
belt (f) , bliet (pi) city disgfia nine
bennej (m) , bennejja (pi) mason disgfiin ninety
bfial like dgfiajsa (f) , dgfiajjes (pi) boat
bi with dfiuli (m) , dfiulija (f) , dfiulin
bieiel (m) , bieila (f) , biilin (pi) (pi) affable/ friendly
industrious/ busy diffiCli (m & f, sing & pi) difficult
107
 gawda to enjoy Ftamis (m) Thursday
dija (f) glow/ray filgfiodu in the morning
giddieb (m) , giddieba (f), fiamsa five
dipendenti (m & f, sing & pi) filwaqt while
giddibin (pi) liar fiamsin fifty
dependent fjura (f) , fjuri (pi) flower
gidem to bite fiandikappat (m) , fiandi-
driegfi (m) , dirgfiajn (pi) arm flimkien toge th er
grazzi thank you kappata (f) handicapped
dsatax nineteen flixkun (m), fliexken (pi) bottle
griz (m) , griza (f), grizi (pi) gray fiandikappati (pi) handicapped
dublett (m) , dbielet (pi) skirt flokk (m) , flokkijiet (pi) swea ter
gzira (f) , gzejjer (pi) island fianut (m) , fiwienet (pi) shop
dundjan (m) , dundjani (pi) flus (pi) money
fiarifa (f) autumn
turkey fortunatament fortunately
fiaseb to think
fost among Gt=t fiasel to wash
frotta (f), frott (pi) fruit
fiass to feel
fqir (m) , fqira (f) , fqar (pi) poor
E gfiada tomorrow fiaxix (m) vegetable
Frar (m) February
gfiaref (m) , gfiarfa (f) , gfiorrief fidax eleven
edukazzjoni (f) education ftit a little
(pi) wise fidejn near
elf (m) , eluf (pi) thousand fubol (m) football
gfiasfur (m) , gfiasafar (pi) bird fidura (f) greenery
emmen to believe fuq on
gfiaxra ten fielwa (f) , fielwin (pi) nice;
furketta (f) , frieket (pi) fork
erbatax fourteen gfioxrin twenty sweet
erbgfia four fiin (m), fiinijiet (pi) time
Erbgfia (f) Wednes day fijara (f) , fijar (pi) cucumber
erbgfiin forty G H filewwa (f) sweetness
ezami (m) , ezamijiet (pi) nmar (m) , nmara (f) , nmir (pi)
examination gab to bring hawn here donkey
ezempju (m) , ezempji (pi) gdid (m), gdida (t), godda (pi) new hekk so; thus nmistax fifteen
example generuz (m) , generuza (f) , hemmhekk over there nobza (f), nobz (pi ) loaf of
generuzi (pi) generous hena (m) happiness bread
genitur (m & f) , genituri (pi) parent hekk u hekk so-so nu (m) , anwa (pi) brother
gewnan (m) , gwienan (pi), hija (f) she; she is
F nwejjeg (pi) clothes
gwinnajn (pi) wing huwa (m) he; he is
fazola (f sing & pi) bean Gimgna (f) Friday
glekk (m) , glekkijiet (pi) jacket
fakulta (f) , fakultajiet (pi)
facu lty
gnien (m) , gonna (pi) garden t=t
familja (f) , familji (pi) family gobon (m) , gobna (f) ,
izda however
gobniet (pi) cheese naga (f) thing
favorit (m) , favorita (f) , id (m) , idejn (pi) hand
gun (m) hunger nazin (m) , nazina (f) , nziena (pi)
favoriti (pi) favo urite ienor (m) , onrajn (pi) another
Gunju (m) June bad
fehem to understand iebes (m), iebsa (f) , ibsin (pi)
gurdien (m) , gurdiena (f) , nabb to love
fejn where hard
fenek (m) , fenka (f) , fniek (pi) grieden (pi) mouse Ftadd (m) Sunday iknal (m), kanla (t), konol (pi) blue
gurnata (f) , granet (pi) day nadem to work
rabbit ikrah (m) , kerha (f) , koroh (pi)
fernan (m) , fernana (f) , nafna a lot of ugly
fernanin (pi) happy najja (f) , najjiet (pi) life ilium today
festa (f) , festi (pi) feast G najjat (m), najjata (f), najjatin (pi) ilma (m) , ilmijiet (pi) water
fetan to open tailor imdejjaq (m ), imdejqa (f) ,
fi in gallarija (f) , gallariji (pi) balcony nalib (m) milk imdejqin (pi) sad
filgfiaxija in th e evening gallettina (f), gallettini (pi) biscuit namrija (f) soil
109
importanti (m & f, sing & pi) kapitali (f sing & pi) capital lejl (m) night miljun (m) , miljuni (pi) million
important karrotta (f), karrotti (pi) carrot lejn towards min who
imqareb (m) , imqarba (f), karrozza (f) , karrozzi (pi) car lezzjoni (f) , lezzjonijiet (pi) mingflajr without
imqarbin (pi) naughty kaxxa (f) , kaxxi (pi) box lesson minn from
indipendenti (m & f, sing & pi) kburi (m) , kburija (f), kburin (pi) librerija (f) , libreriji (pi) library; minuta (f), minuti (pi) minute
independent proud bookcase missier (m) , missirijiet (pi)
investa to invest kelb (m), kelba (f) , klieb (pi) libsa (f) , ilbiesi (pi) dress father
investiment (m), dog lira (f) , liri (pi) pound (currency) mistfli (m), mistflija (f) ,
investimenti (pi) investment kemm? how much? how many? liwja (f), liwjiet (pi) bend mistflijin (pi) shy
isfar (m), safra (t), sofor (pi) yellow kewkba (f), kwiekeb (pi) star Lulju (m) , July
ismar (m) , samra (f), kiber to grow up luminata (f) , luminati (pi)
somor (pi) dark kien to be lemonade N
iswed (m) , sewda (f), kiesafl (m) , kiesfla (f) , kesflin
suwed (pi) black (pi) cold nadif (m) , nadifa (f),
ittra (m) , ittri (pi) letter kif? how M nodfa (pi) clean
iva yes kif ukoll as well nannu (m) , nanna (f) ,
ixxurtjat (m) , ixxurtjata (f), kikkra (f) , kikkri (pi) cup ma' with nanniet (pi) grandparent
ixxurtjati (pi) lucky kilo (m), kilojiet (pi) kilo maflmug (m), maflmuga (f), nar (m) , nirien (pi) fire
kines to sweep maflmugin (pi) dirty nefaq to spend
kiteb to write madwar around neqsin to (the hour)
J kitla (f), ktieli (pi) kettle magflha with her nesa to forget
kittieb (m) , kittieba (f) , kittieba magflhom with them nies (pi) , people
Jannar (m) January (pi) writer magflkom with you (pi) nofs half
jekk if klassi (f) , klassijiet (pi) class magflna with us nofs il-Iejl (m) midnight
jewor knisja (f) , knejjes (pi) church malajr soon; quickly nofs in-nhar (m) midday
jiena I; I am ktieb (m), kotba (pi) book mar to go Novembru (m) November
jum (m) , jiem (pi) day kugin (m) , kugina (f) , kugini (pi) mara (f) , nisa (pi) woman numru (m) , numri (pi) number
cousin marid (m), marida (f) , nutar (m), nutara (f & pi) notary
kuccarina (f), kuccarini (pi) morda (pi) sick
teaspoon
K maqrut (m), imqaret (pi) date cake
kulfladd everybody Marzu (m) March
kullimkien everywhere
0
kCina (f), kcejjen (pi) kitchen mediCina (t), medicini (pi) medicine
kwiet (m) , kwieta (f), kwieti (pi) mejda (f) , mwejjed (pi) table
kampanja (f) , kampanji (pi) oflt (f) , aflwa (pi) sister
quiet meta when
countryside omm (f) , ommijiet (pi) mother
kamra (f), kmamar (pi) room metru (m), metri (pi) metre organizza to organize
kamra tal-banju (f), kmamar Mejju (m) May ottubru (m) October
tal-banju (pi) bathroom L mgflarfa (f) , mgflaref (pi) spoon
kamra tal-pranzu (f) , kmamar mhux not
tal-pranzu (pi) dining room lagflab to play miegflek with you (sing) p
kamra tas-sodda (f) , kmamar lampa (f) , lampi (pi) lamp miegfli with me
tas-sodda (pi) bedroom langasa (f) , langas (pi) pear miegflu with him
pacenzja (f) patience
kannella (m & f, sing & pi) laringa (f), laring(pl) orange mija (f), mijiet (pi) hundred
paCi (f) peace
brown le no Milied (m) Christmas
papra (f) , papri (pi) duck
111
pastizz (m), pastizzi (pi) qalb (f) , qlub (pi) heart sabin (m) , sabina (f) , sbien (pi) T
Maltese cheesecake qaleb to turn beautiful; handsome
patata (f sing & pi) potato qalziet (m) , qliezet (pi) trousers sajf (m) summer ta' of
periklu (m) , perikli (pi) danger qam to wake up sajjar to cook tant under
perit (m & f) , periti (pi) qamar (m), qmura (pi) moon salott (m), salotti (pi) sitting room tabib (m), tabiba (f) ,
architect qara to read sar to become tobba (pi) doCtor
pipa (f) , pi pi (pi) pipe qargnabagnalija (f), sebgna seven tagnha hers
pjazza (f) , pjazez (pi) village qargnabagnli (pi) marrow sejjer shall leave tagnhom theirs
square qasir (m) , qasira (f), qosra (pi) sekonda (f), sekondi (pi) second tagnkom (pi) yours
platt (m), platti (pi) plate short sebgnin seventy tagnna ours
pogga to sit down qattus (m), qattusa (f) , sena (f), snin (pi) year tajjeb good
poeta (m) , poetessa (f) , qtates (pi) cat seraq to steal tal-naxix (m) green-grocer
poeti (pi) poet qawsalla (f), qawsalli (pi) seta' to be able tal-nelu (m) confectioner
poplu (m) , popli (pi) people rainbow Settembru (m) September tal-pastizzi (m) cheescake
popolazzjoni (f) , popol- qawwi (m) , qawwija (f) , sfortunatament unfortunately vendor
azzjonijiet (pi) population qawwijin (pi) sturdy; fat Sibt (m) Saturday tazza (f) , tazzi (pi) glass
posta (f) , posta (pi) mail quddiem in front of siggu (m) , siggijiet (pi) chair temp (m) weather
pranzu (m) , pranzi (pi) lunch sigra (f), sigar (pi) tree tfajjel (m), tfaj la (f) , tfal (pi)
presepju (m) , presepji (pi) siegna (f) , signat (pi) hour small child
crib R sieq (f) , saqajn (pi) foot tfal tat-tfal (pi) grandchildren
progett (m), progetti (pi) sikkina (f) , skieken (pi) knife tiegliek (sing) yours
project ra to see sinjur (m) , sinjura (f) , sinjuri (pi) ferlian in (pi) happy
problema (f), problemi (pi) ragel (m), rgiel (pi) man Mr tieglii mine
problem ragun (m) , ragunijiet (pi) sinjur (m) , sinjura (f) , sinjuri (pi) tiegliu his
professur (m & f) , reason wealthy; rich tieqa (f) , twieqi (pi) window
professuri (pi) professor ralial (m), rliula (pi) village sitta six tifel (m) , tfal (pi) boy
Providenza (f) Providence ras (f) , rjus (pi) head sittax sixteen tifla (f) , tfal (pi) girl
pultruna (f), pultun i (pi) razzett (m), rziezet (pi) sittin sixty tizjin (m) festoons;
armchair farmhouse skola (f) , skejje l (pi) school decorations
pupa (f) , pupi (pi) doll rigel (m), rig lej n (pi) leg sodda (f) , sodod (pi) bed tlettax thirteen
rebbieglia (f) spring spal la (f) , spallejn , spalel (pi) tletin thirty
rili (m), irjieli (pi) wind shoulder tlieta three
a ritratt (m), ritratti (pi) photo specjali (m sing & pi) special
spizjar (m) , spizjara (f) , spizjara
Tlieta (f) Tuesday
roza (f sing & pi) pink tmenin eighty
qaddis (m), qaddisa (f) , rqiq (m) , rqiqa (f), rqaq (pi) thin (pi) pharmacist tmienja eight
qaddisin (pi) saint sptar (m) , sptarijiet (pi) hospital tnax twelve
qaddis patrun (m) , qaddisa stagun (m) , staguni (pi) season tnejn two
storbju (m & pi) noise Tnejn (m) Monday
patruna (f) patron saint S storja (f) , stejjer (pi) story
qaddisin patruni (pi) patron tort (m) wrong
saints student (m) , studenta (f) , twil (m) , twila (f), twal (pi) tall
sliun (m) , sliuna (f) , slian (pi)
qadim (m) , qadima (f) , qodma studenti (pi) student
warm
(pi) old (inanimate objects) studja to study
salilia (f) health
qal to say studjuz (m) , studjuza (f) ,
sab to find
studjuzi (pi) studious
113
v xita (f) rain
xitla (f), xtieli (pi) plant
xitwa (f) winter
vazun (m) , vazuni (pi) vase
xognol (m) , xognlijiet (pi) work
ENGLISH - MALTESE WORD LIST
vaganza (f), vaganzi (pi)
holiday xtara to buy
vapur (m), vapuri (pi) ship
A bed sodda (f), sodod (pi)
bedroom kamra tas-sodda (f),
i accept (to accept) a66etta kmarar tas-sodda (pi)
w zarbun (m), zraben (pi) a pair
affable dfwli (m), dfwlija (f), believe (to believe) emmen
dnulin (pi) bend (n) liwja (f)
wara after of shoes after wara between bejn
warda (f), ward (pi) rose zunzana (f & sing) , zunzanl afternoon wara nofs in-nhar (m) bird gnasfur (m), gnasafar (pi)
wasal to arrive znazan (pi) wasp air arja (f) biscuit gal/ettina (f),
wicc (m), ucun (pi) face zball (m), zbalji (pi) mistake always dejjem gal/ettini (pi)
widna (f) , widnejn (pi) ear zejjed too much among fost bite (to bite) gidem
wied (m), widien (pi) val/ey zejt (m) , zjut (pi) oil another ienor (m), onra (f), black iswed (m), sewda (f),
wiened (m), waflda (f) one ziemel (m), zwiemel (pi) horse onrajn (pi) suwed (pi)
zifen to dance April April (m) blond bjond (m), bjonda (f),
architect perit (m & f), periti (pi) bjondi (pi)
x z
arm driegn (m), dirgnajn (pi)
armchair pultruna (f), pultruni (pi)
blue iknal (m), kaflla (f), konol (pi)
boat dgnajsa (f), dgnajjes (pi)
xagnar (m) hair around madwar book ktieb (m), kotba (pi)
xahar (m), xhur (pi) month zalza (f) , zlazi (pi) sauce arrive (to arrive) wasal bookcase librerija (f),
xejn nothing zija (f), zijiet (pi) aunt as well kif ukol/ libreriji (pI)
ziju (m) , zijiet (pi) uncle atmosphere atmosfera (f), bottle flixkun (m), fliexken (pi)
xemx (f) sun
xi some zokkor (m) sugar atmosferi (pi) box kaxxa (f), kaxxi (pi),
xin (m), xina (f) , xjun (pi) aubergine bringiela (f), bringiel (pI) kaxex (pi)
August Awissu (m) boy tifel (m), tfal (pi)
old man
aunt zija (sing), zijiet (pi) bread nobta (f), nobtiet (pi)
bring (to bring) gab
brother nu (m), anwa (pi)
B brown kannel/a (m & f, sing &pi)
bucket barmil (m), bramel (pi)
bad natin (m), natina (f), fliiena (pI) buy (to buy) xtara
balcony gal/arija (f), gal/ariji (pi)
bank bank (m), bankijiet (pi)
bathroom kamra (f) tal-banju, c
kmamar (pi) tal-banju
be (to be) kien capital kapitali (m sing & pi)
bean fatola (f sing & pI) car karrozza (f), karrozzi (pi)
beautiful sabin (m), sabifla (f), carrot karrotta (f), karrotti (pi)
sbien (pi) cat qattus (m) , qattusa (f),
become (to become) sar qtates (pi)
115
chair siggu (m), siggijiet (pI) dedicated dedikat (m), dedikata (f), family familja (f), familji (pI) God Alia (m)
cheese gobon (m), gobna (f), dedikati (pI) farmhou se razzett (m), good tajjeb (m), tajba (f),
gobniet (pI) dentist dentist (m), dentista (f), rziezet (pI) tajbin (pI)
cheesecake (Maltese) dentisti (pI) father missier (m), missirijiet (pI) good afternoon il-wara nofs
pastizz (m), pastizzi (pI) dependent dipendenti (m & pI) favourite favorit (m), favorita (f), in-nhar it-tajjeb (m)
cheesecake vendor difficult diffi6li (m sing & pI) favoriti (pI) good morning l-gflOdwa t-
tal-pastizzi (m) dining room kamra tal-pranzu (f), feast festa (f), festi (pI) tajba (f)
child (small child) tfajjel (m), kmamar tal-pranzu (pI) February Frar (m) good night il-Iejl it-tajjeb (m)
tfajla (f), tfal (pI) dinner cena (f) feel (to feel ) nass good-bye sanna
chocolate cikkulata (f), dinner pranzu (m), pranzijiet (pi) festoons tiijin (m) grandfather nannu (m),
cikkulati (pI) do (to do) gnamel fifteen nmistax nanniet (pI)
Christmas Milied (m) doctor tabib (m), tabiba (f), fifty namsin grandmother nanna (f),
church knisja (f), knejjes (pi) tobba (pi) find (to find) sab nanniet (pi)
city belt (f), bliet (pi) dog kelb (m), klieb (pI) fire nar (m), nirien (pI) green afldar (m), nadra (f),
class klassi (m), klassijiet (pI) doll pupu (m), pupa (f), pupi (pi) five namsa nodor (pI)
clean nadif (m), nadifa (f), donkey nmar (m), nmara (f), flag bandiera (f), bnadar (pi) greenery ndura (f sing)
ndaf (pi) nmir (pi) flower fjura (m), fjuri (pi) green-grocer tal-naxix (m)
clothes nwejjeg (pi), ilbiesi door bieb (m), bibien (pi) foot sieq (m), saqajn (pi) grandchildren tfal tat-tfal (pi)
cold (adj) kiesan (m), dress libsa (f), ilbiesi (pI) football futbol (m) grow (to grow) kiber
kiesna (f), kesnin (pi) dress (to dress) libes foreigner barrani (m),
colour kulur (m), kuluri (pi) duck papra (f), papri (pi) barranija (f), barranin (pi)
confectioner tal-nelu (m) forget (to forget) nesa H
cook (to cook) sajjar fork furketta (f), frieket (pi)
countryside kampanja (f) E fortunately fortunatament hair xagnar (pi)
cousin kugin (m), kugina (f), forty erbgnin half nofs
kugini (pi) ear widna (f), widnejn (pi) four erbgna hand id (m), idejn (pi)
crib (a Christmas crib) education edukazzjoni (f sing & pI) fourteen erbatax handsome sabin (m),
presepju (m), presepji (pI) egg bajda (m), bajd, bajdiet (pi) Friday il-Gimgna (f) sbien (pi)
cucumber njara (f), fljar (pi) eight tmienja friendly dnuli (m), dnulija (f), handicapped nandikappat (m &
cup kikkra (f), kikkri (pI) eighteen tmintax dnulin (pi) f), nandikappati (pi)
eighty tmenin from minn happiness hena (f)
eleven ndax front (in front of) quddiem happy fernan (m), fernana (f),
D enjoy (to enjoy) gawda fruit frotta (f), frott (pi) fernanin (pi)
evening (in the evening) filgnaxija hard iebes (m), iebsa (f),
dance (to dance) iifen everybody kulf1add ibsin (pi)
danger periklu (m), perikli (pi) everywhere kullimkien
G have (to have) gnandu
dark ismar (m), samra (f), examination eiami (m), eiamijiet (pI) he huwa
garden gnien (m), gonna (pi)
somor (pi) example eiempju (m), eiempji (pi) head ras (f), rjus (pi)
generous generui (m),
datecake maqrut (m), health sanna (f)
generuia (f), generuii (pi)
imqaret (pi) heart qalb (f), qlub (pI)
girl tifla (f), tfal (pi)
day gurnata (f), granet (pi), F hello x'hemm
glass tazza (f), tazzi (pi)
jum (m), jiem (pi) here hawn
glow dija (f)
December Dicembru (m) face wicc (m), ucun (pi) hers tagflha
go (to go) mar
decorations tiijin (m) faculty fakulta (f), fakultajiet (pi) his tiegnu
117
holiday vaganza (m), kilo kilo (m), kilojiet (pi) midnight nofs il-Iejl (m) old (inanimate object)
vaganzi (pi) kitchen k6ina (f), k6ejjen (pi) milk nalib (m) qadim (m), qadima (f),
hospital sptar (m), knife sikkina (f), skieken (pi) million mi!jun (m), mi!juni (pI) qodma (pi)
sptarijiet (pi) mine tiegni old (person) xin (m), xina (f),
hour siegna (f), signat (pi) minute minuta (f), minuti (pI) xjun (pI)
house dar (f), djar (pi) L miss sinjorina (f), sinjorini (pi) on fuq
how kif Monday it-Tnejn (m) one wiened (m), waflda (f)
how much kemm lamp lampa (f), lampi (pi) money f/us (pi) onion basla (f), basal (pi)
however iida lawyer avukat (m), month xahar (m), xhur (pi) only biss
hundred mija (f), mijiet (pi) avukatessa (f), avukati (pI) moon qamar (m), qmura (pi) open (to open) fetan
hunger gun leg rigel (m), riglejn (pi) morning (in the morning) or Jew
lemonade luminata (f), filgnodu orange laringa (f), la ring (pi)
luminati (pi) mother omm (f), ommijiet (pi) organise (to organ ise)
lesson lezzjoni (f), mouse gurdien (m), grieden (pi) organizza
lezzjonijiet (pi) Mr sinjur (m), sinjuri (pi) ours tagnna
I jiena letter ittra (f), ittri (pi) Mrs sinjura (f), sinjuri (pi) outside barra
if jekk liar giddieb (m), giddieba (f), much iejjed over there hemmhekk
important importanti (m sing giddibin (pi)
& pi) library librerija (f), libreriji (pi)
in fi life najja (f), najjiet (pi) N P
in order to biex like bfJal
in this way b'hekk little (a little of) ftit naughty mqareb (m), mqarba (f), parent genitur (m),
independent indipendenti (m, a loaf of bread nobia (f), nobiiet (pi) mqarbin (pi) genituri (pi)
sing & pi) lot (a lot of) nafna need bionn patience pa6enzja (f)
industrious bieiel (m), love (to love) nabb new gdid (m), gdida (f), godda (pi) patron sai nt qaddis patrun (m),
bieila (f), biilin (pi) low baxx (m), baxxa (f), nice nelu (m), nelwa (f), nelwin (pI) qaddisin patruni (pi)
invest (to invest) investa baxxi (pi) night lejl (m) peace pa6i (f)
investment investiment (m), lucky ixxurtjat (m), ixxurtjata (f), nine disgna pear langasa (f), langas (pi)
investimenti (pi) ixxurtjati (pI) nineteen dsatax people nies (pI)
island giira (f), giejjer (pi) ninety disgnin people poplu (m), popli (pi)
no le pharmacist spiijar (m),
M noise storbju (m) spiijara (f, sing & pi)
J not mhux photo ritratt (m), ritratti (pi)
mail posta (f) notary nutar (m), nutara (f), pink roia (f, sing & pi)
jacket glekk (m), glekkijiet (pI) man ragel (m), rgiel (pi) nutara (pi)
March Marzu (m) pipe pipa (f), pipi (pi)
January Jannar (m) nothing xejn plant pjanta (f), pjanti (pi)
July Lu!ju (m) marrow qargnabagnalija (f), November Novembru (m) plate platt (m), platti (pi)
June Gunju (m) qargnabagnli (pi) number numru (m), numri (pi) play (to play games) lagnab
mason bennej (m), 'bennejja (pi)
play (to play music) daqq
May Mejju (m)
please il'1kk ioqngbok
K medicine medi6ina (f),
pocket
medi6ini (pi)
October poet
kettle kit/a (f), ktieli (pi) metre metru (m), metri (pi)
key 6avetta (f), 6wievet (pi) midday nofs in-nhar (m) of
poor fqir (m), fqar (pi) saint qaddis (m), qaddisa (f), star kewkba (f), kwiekeb (pi) tomorrow gfiada (f)
popu lation popolazzjoni (m), qaddisin (pi) steal (to steal) seraq towards lejn
popolazzjonijiet (pi) Saturday is-Sibt (m) story storja (f), stejjer (pi) tree sigra (f), sigar (pI)
potato patata (f, sing & pi) sauce zalza (f), zlazi (pi) student student (m), trouser qalziet (m), qliezet (pi)
pound (currency) lira (f), say (to say) qal studenta (f), studenti (pi) Tuesday it- TJieta (f)
liri (pI) school skola (f) skejjel (pi) studious studjui (m), studjuia (f), turkey dundjan (m),
problem problema (f), sea bafiar (m), ibfira (pi) studjuii (pi) dundjani (pi)
problemi (pI) season stagun (m), staguni (pi) study (to study) studja turn (to turn) qaleb
professor professur (m & f), second sekonda (f), sekondi (pi) sturdy qawwi (m), qawwija (f), twelve tnax
professuri (pi) see (to see) ra qawwijin (pi) twenty gfioxrin
project progett (m), see you narak sugar zokkor (m) two tnejn
progetti (pi) sell (to sell) biegfi sun xemx (f), xmux (pi)
Sunday il-Hadd
proud kburi (m), kburija (f) ,
kburin (pi)
September Settembru (m)
seven sebgfia sweater flokk (m), flokkijiet (pi) u
Providence Providenza (f) seventeen sbatax sweep (to sweep) kines
sweetness filewwa (f), ugly ikrah (m), kerha (f),
seventy sebgfiin
filewwiet (pi) koroh (pi)
shall sejjer (m), sejra (f),
a sejrin (pI)
uncle ziju (m), zijiet (pi)
under tafit
quiet kwiet (m), kwieta (f), she/she is hija T understand (to understand)
kwieti (pI) ship vapur (m), vapuri (pi)
fehem
shop fianut (m), fiwienet (pi)
table mejda (f), mwejjed (pi) unfortunately sfortunatament
short qasir (m), qasira (f), qosra (pi)
tailor fiajjat (m), fiajjata (f & pi)
R shoulder spalla (f), spallejn (pi)
tall twil (m), twila (f), twal (pi)
rabbit fenek (m), fenka (f),
shy mistfii (m), mistfiija (f),
mistfiijin (pi)
teaspoon ku66arina (f), ku66arini v
fniek (pi) ten gfiaxra (f)
sick marid (m), marida (f),
rain xita (f) thank you grazzi valley wied (m), widien (pi)
morda (pI)
rainbow qawsalla (f), that dak (m), dik (f) vase vaiun (m), vaiuni (pi)
sister ofit (f), afiwa (pi)
qawsa/li (pi) those dawk (pi) vegetable fiaxix (m)
sit down (to sit down) pogga
read (to read) qara the 1- village rafial (m), rfiula (pi)
six sitta
reason raguni (f), ragunijiet (pi) theirs tagfihom village square pjazza (f),
sixteen sittax
red afimar (m) , fiamra (f), there hem m pjazez (pi)
sixty sittin
fiomor (pi) thin rqiq (m), rqiqa (f), rqaq (pi)
skirt dublett (m), dbielet (pi)
rich sinjur (m), sinjura (f), thing fiaga (f)
sinjuri (pi)
small igfiir (m), igfiira (f),
igfiar (pi)
think (to think) fiaseb w
ring 6urkett (m), 6rieket (pi) thirteen tlettax
so hekk
roof bejt (m), bjut (pi) thirty tie tin wake (to wake up) qam
so-so hekk u hekk
room kamra (f), kmamar (pi) this dan (m), dawn (pi) warm sfiun (m), sfiuna (t),
sofa sufan (m), sufanijiet (pi)
rose warda (f), ward (pi) thousand elf (m), eluf (pi) sfian (pi)
soil fiamrija (f, sing)
three tJieta wash (to wash) fiasel
some xi
Thursday il-Hamis (m) wasp iuniana (t & sing),
s special spe6jaJi (m, sing & pi)
spend (to spend) nefaq
to (the hour) neqsin iunian / inaian (pi)
today ilium (m) water ilma (m), ilmijiet (pi)
sad mdejjaq (m), mdejqa (f), spoon mgfiarfa (f), mgfiaref (pi)
together flimkien way (in this way) hekk
mdejqin (pi)
121
 wealthy sinjur (m), sinjura (f) , with them magMom
sinjuri (pi) with us magnna
Wednesday I-Erbgna (f) with you (sing) miegnek
when meta with you (pi) magnkom
where fejn without mingnajr
while filwaqt woman mara (f), nisa (pI)
white abjad (m), bajda (f), work xognol (m), xognlijiet (pi)
bojod (pI) work (to work) nadem
who min write (to write) kiteb
window tieqa (f), twieqi (pi) wrong tort
wing gewnan (m),
gwinnajn (pi)
wise gnaref (m), gnarfa (f), y
gnorrief (pi)
with ma ' yellow isfar (m), safra (f),
with her magMa sofor (pi)
with him miegnu yes iva
with me miegni

122