8

TLE
(Technical Drafting)
Quarter 1 – Module 6:
Prepare and Interpret
Technical Drawing
(Intepret Technical
Drawings and Plan)
Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) - Technical Drafting 7/8
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 3: Prepare and Interpret Technical Drawing
(Intepret Technical Drawings and Plan)
First Edition, 2020

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Development Team of the Module

Writers: Floro A. Belano
Editors: Martin I. Diaz
Reviewers: Jona Marie D. Villa Agustin, Memvie L. Alesna
Illustrator: Name
Layout Artist: Lawrence C. Aduca
Cover Art Designer: Ian Caesar E. Frondoza
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Gilbert B. Barrera – Chief, CLMD
Arturo D. Tingson Jr. – REPS, LRMS
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Gilda O. Orendain – REPS, TLE

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Office Address: Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

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E-mail Address: [email protected]
 8
TLE
(Technical Drafting)
Quarter 1 – Module 6:
Prepare and Interpret
Technical Drawing
(Intepret Technical
Drawings and Plan)
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Welcome to the Technology Livelihood Education (TLE) Technical

Drafting 7/8 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on the Prepare and Interpret Technical
Drawing (Intepret Technical Drawings and Plan)!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the Welcome to the Technology Livelihood Education (TLE) - Technical

Drafting 7/8 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Prepare and Interpret Technical
Drawing (Intepret Technical Drawings and Plan)!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.
At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
the (Maintain Hand Tools, Drawing Instruments, Equipment and Paraphernalia
(MT)). The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning
situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students.
The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order
in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are
now using.

The module is composed of one lesson and one learning outcome, namely:

 Lesson 4 – Prepare and Interpret Technical Drawing

(Interpret Technical Drawings and Plans)

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. identify necessary materials according to the technical drawing;

2. recognize components, assemblies, or objects based on job requirements;
3. identify dimensions and specifications according to job requirements.
 What I Know

Directions: Encircle the letter of your answer. Use your activity sheet for
your answer.

1. How do you construct a detailed drawing?

a. Identify the parts or joints to be drawn in detail
b. Encircle the parts to be drawn
c. Use leader line to pinpoint parts to be drawn in detail
d. All of the above

2. Which of the following symbols is a representation of wood?

a.

b.

c.

d.

3. Which of the following does not belong to the group?

a.

b.

c.

d.

4. This symbol belongs to ______________.

a. concrete
b. wood
c. glass
d. earth
12. Which of the following does not belong to the group?
5. This symbol
a. Three main views of the object belongs to ____________.
a. wood
b. Assembly pictorial drawing
b. Details
c. concretedrawing
block
c. brick
d. Encircle the parts to be drawn
d. glass
13. Detailed Drawing can usually be found beneath the __________.
6. This symbol
a. Assembly Drawing belongs to _____________.
b. Dimension
a. Lines
c. brick
b. Arrowheads
d. insulation
c. glass
14. Whichd. of
wood
the following is a list of items needed in the construction of a piece
of work?
7. Whicha.ofBill
the of
following
materialsrefers to one quart of the object to be removed?
a. Half
b. Detailed
Section
drawing
b. Dimension
c. Section Views
c. Full
d. LinesSection
d. Line Section
15. Why are section drawings relevant in the construction?
8. Whicha.ofBecause
the following is generally
these are created toused in furniture,
view machine,
specific details and building
on the
architectural
b. Becausedrawing?
these are added to enhance the appearance of the building
a. Revolved Sectiondrawings serve as reference enlarged details
c. Because section
b. Both
d. Removed
a andSection
c
c. Offset Section
d. Symbol

9. Which of the following is a type of section applied to a circular object?

a. Section Views
b. Section
c. Offset Section
d. Revolved Section

10. Which of the following shows the zigzag direction of the cutting plane?
a. Offset Section
b. Section
c. Section Views
d. Revolved Section

11. Which of the following is made up of a combination of all parts?

a. Assembly Section
b. Section
c. Cross Section
d. Offset Section
 Lesson Prepare and Interpret

4 Technical Drawing

What’s In

Activity 1. Directions: Encircle the letter of your answer. Use your activity sheet
for your answer.

1. What is the comparison to 1 meter if the ratio used in the floor is 1:50?
a. 20 mm equals to 1 m
b. 50 mm equals to 1 m
c. 100 mm equals to 1 m
d. 60 mm equals to 1 m

2. What is the equivalent of 1000 cm to meter?

a. 35 m
b.59 m
c. 1m
d. 1000

3. What is the area of the master’s bedroom based on the figure below?
a. 20 m2
b. 16 m2
c. 30 m2
d. 4 m2

4. Which of the following needs to be considered in door scheduling?

a. door construction
b. door painting
c. doorknob
d. door area
5. What is the architectural abbreviation of finish floor line?
a. FFF
b. FFL
c. FL
d. FGL

What’s New

Activity 2. Directions: Pair the picture with its specific name by putting a
connecting line. Use your activity sheet for your answer.

1. Wood 2. Earth 3. Concrete Block 4. Rubble 5. Glass

What is It

This time, I will present to you the symbols of material being used in
technical drawing as shown below. This will help you in interpreting the
materials used based on floor plan, elevation, and section.
Table 1. Symbols of Materials Used in Technical Drawing

Sectional view is a method of drawing presentation showing the interior part of the
building or object especially when the inner parts are complicated. The direction of
the cutting plane line is the major reference to consider in determining the form to
be drawn. The parts or portion of the object being imagined to be cut will be
represented by section lines.
Alphabet of lines needed in the construction of sectional views:

1. Visible-edge is a heavy
line that can be seen when
viewing an object.

2. Cutting plane line is a

thick short dash line
representing the imaginary.
cut in the object.

3. Section line is a thin

solid line at 450 representing
solid parts of the object.
that are being cut.

4. Short break line – thick

solid lines used for broken
out section.

Principles of Sectioning

1. It shows the type of sectional view of the entire cut surface of the view.
2. It shows more detailed illustrations particularly on the interval parts of
the object.
3. It describes the shape of the internal parts.

Creating a section view.

1. The part is cut using an imaginary cutting plane.

2. The unwanted portion is mentally discarded exposing the
interior construction.

Notice how the

cut material is
shown

Figure 1. Showing the Cutting Plane

 Section View Label

Notice how the cutting plane

is represented

Figure 2. Section View of the Object

Figure 3. Section View of the Object

You would notice that sample

object is made of steel.
Types of Sectional Views

1. Full Section is obtained when the cutting-plane extends entirely through the
object in a straight line and the front half of the object is totally cut.

Figure 4. Sample illustration of Full Sectioning

2. Half Section refers to one quart of the object to be cut or removed.

Figure 5. Sample Illustration of Half Sectioning

3. Broken – out Section refers to the portion of the object to be
taken out.

Figure 6. Illustration of Broken-out Section

4. Removed Section is generally used in furniture, machine, and architectural

drawing. The appearance of the sectional view depends on the location of the
cutting-plane lines.

Figure 7. Illustration of Removed Section

5. Revolved Section is a type of section applied to a circular object. The resulting

view is similar to full section view.

Figure 8. Illustration of Revolved Section

6. Offset Section shows the zigzag direction of the cutting plane if the principal
interior features of an object are not located in a straight line. It is necessary to offset
the cutting-plane to allow to pass through as many of the principal features of the
object.

Figure 9. Illustration of Offset Section

 Figure 10. Sample Illustration of Offset Section

7. Assembly Section is made up of a combination of all the parts previously

mentioned. This section may be used to increase the clarity and readability of
assembly drawings.

What is Assembly Drawing and why do we need them?

An assembly drawing is a drawing of an entire machine or system with all of its

components located and identified. We need to know how to put the machine or
system together.

Types of Assembly Drawing

1. General Assembly

72’

36’

Figure 11. General Assembly Drawing of a Table

2. Layout Assembly

Figure 12. Layout Assembly Drawing of FM Radio

3. Pictorial Exploded Assembly

Figure 13. Pictorial Exploded Assembly of Shock Support

For Screw Machine
Steps in Constructing Full Section:

1. Imagine the object 2. Imagine the half of the 3. The result is a full
is cut in a object nearest the viewer sectional view of the
straight line along its has been removed then object that clearly
full length view the remaining half describes its interior
isometric. feature.
Steps in Constructing Half-Section

1. Imagine the object is 2. Since one fourth

cut into a quarter or or a quarter of the
one fourth of its object is taken away,
portion. then
view the part in
pictorial form.

3. The result is half-

sectional view of the object
that clearly shows its
interior features.

Features of a Dimension

Dimensions use special lines, arrows, symbols and text. Dimensions make use
of dimension lines, extension lines and leader lines. All three-line types are
drawn continuous and thin.

A leader is a line that establishes a connection between a graphical representation

of an item and some text.

An arrow terminator is used to

point to an edge of an item. The
dot is used to point to a face. The
architectural tick can be used for
referring to multiple parallel edges.
The final type of line has no
terminator, and is used for
pointing at dimension lines or lines
of symmetry.
Arrowheads are drawn between the extension lines if possible. If space is limited,
they may be drawn on the outside.

Types of Dimensions

1. Linear distances: They are usually arranged horizontally or vertically,

but may also be aligned with a particular feature of the part.

2. Angles: Used to give the angle between two surfaces or features of a part.

3. Notes: Used to dimension diameters, radii, chamfers, threads, and other

features that cannot be dimensioned by the other two methods.

Detail Working Drawing is an orthographic projection. It is also a technical drawing

of a single part of a machine or mechanism which is complete in dimension. It
provides sufficient technical foundation to allow the part to be made. This drawing
also shows the details on how joints or fittings were executed based on the drawings
which were done in large scale.

Thing to be considered in making detailed drawings

 Identify the parts or joints to be drawn in detail.
 Encircle the parts to be drawn.
 Use leader line to pinpoint parts to be drawn in detail.
 Indicate notes that serve as reference of the part to be drawn in detail.

Purposes of a Detailed Drawing

1. It describes the shapes of the object drawn.
2. It indicates the dimensions of the object drawn.
3. It provides any additional information that is required to make the object
drawn. Such additional information is usually shown in the form of one or
more notes.

Characteristics of a Detailed Working Drawing:

1. A detailed drawing can be drawn on a separate sheet.
2. Detailed drawing can usually be found beneath the assembly drawing.
3. Detailed drawing should be drawn in larger scale to clearly show the parts
4. Dimension in detailed drawing should be shown clearly.
Figure 14. Front and Right –Side View of the Bench

DETAILS OF JOINTS

Figure 15. Details of Joints

Figure 16. Detail Parts

Required illustrations to be prepared in Working Drawing.
1. Three main views of the object
2. Assembly pictorial drawing
3. Details of joints.
4. Other details of the different parts of the object if needed.
Note:
The detail drawing maybe drawn in a large scale in a form of sectional views, exploded
view or orthographic views.

Working Drawing with Bill of Materials

Bill of materials is a list of items needed in the construction of a piece of work or

project. It includes the amount of each material in the production of the structure.

The following steps in computing bill of materials.

1. Determine the measurement of the width, depth, length and height of

the project.
2. Total the length of all parts having the same sizes but differ in length.
3. Convert the total length into foot/feet, by dividing the total number of
centimeter by 30.5
Example: Convert 500 cm into ft.
500 cm x 1 ft = 500 ft = 16.39 ft.
30.5cm 30.5

4. Each piece of lumber should be converted to board foot / feet in order to

determine its price/amount.
Example:
2”x4”x16”
12 = 10.67 board feet (1piece only)

5. Number of board foot/feet should be multiplied by the unit price per board
foot in order to get the amount.
Example:
Unit price per board foot – P 40.00
P40.00 x 16.39 = P 655.60

6. For the other materials, know the unit price according to the description of
the item.
7. After computing the amount of various materials, add them all to
determine the total amount.
 What’s More

Activity 3. Directions: Given the pictorial drawing, draw the half section following
the instructions below. Use your activity sheet for your answer.

Draw the following:

1. The plan or top view and indicate the

cutting plane line.
2. The front view
3. The half-sectional view

What I Have Learned

Directions: Answer the following questions. Use your activity sheet for your answer.

1. How can you identify the material used in the drawing?

__________________________________________________________________________________
2. How can you recognize the components and assemblies based on
job requirements?
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. How can you identify the dimensions and specifications on job requirements?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

What I Can Do

Activity 4. Directions: Pictorial drawing of a chalkboard with dimensions is given.

Draw the orthographic views (Top view and Front View only) and compute its bill of
materials by completing the table below. Use your activity sheet for your answer.
2. Which of the following is a type of section applied to a circular object?
a. Section Views
b. Section
c. Offset Section
d. Revolved Section

3. Which of the following shows the zigzag direction of the cutting plane?
a. Offset Section
b. Section
c. Section Views
d. Revolved Section

4. Which of the following is made up of a combination of all parts?

a. Assembly Section
b. Section
c. Cross Section
d. Offset Section

5. Which of the following does not belong to the group?

a. Three main views of the object
b. Assembly pictorial drawing
c. Details drawing
d. Encircle the parts to be drawn

6. Detailed Drawing can usually be found beneath the __________.

a. Assembly Drawing
b. Dimension
c. Lines
d. Arrowheads

7. Which of the following is a list of items needed in the construction of a piece

of work?
a. Bill of materials
b. Detailed drawing
c. Dimension
d. Lines Assessment
8. Why are section drawings relevant in the construction?
Multiple a. Because
Choice. these are
Encircle the created
letter of to view
your specific
answer. Usedetails on the sheet
your activity building
for your
answer. b. Because these are added to enhance the appearance of the building
c. Because section drawings serve as reference enlarged details
1. Whichd.ofBoth
the following
a and c is generally used in furniture, machine, and
architectural drawing?
9. How doa. you
Revolved Section
construct a detailed drawing?
b. Identify
a. Removedthe Section
parts or joints to be drawn in detail
c.
b. Offset Section
Encircle the parts to be drawn
d. Symbol
c. Use leader line to pinpoint parts to be drawn in detail
 d. All of the above

10. Which of the following symbols is a representation of wood?

a.

b.

c.

d.

11. Which of the following does not belong to the group?

a.

b.

c.

d.

12. This symbol belongs to ______________.

a. concrete
b. wood
c. glass
d. earth

13. This symbol belongs to ____________.

a. wood
b. concrete block
c. brick
d. glass

14. This symbol belongs to _____________.

a. brick
b. insulation
c. glass
d. wood
15. Which of the following refers to one quart of the object to be removed?
a. Half Section
b. Section Views
c. Full Section
d. Line Section

Additional Activities

Direction: Sketch a simple house that will show the symbols of materials. Use your
activity sheet for your answer.
 Answer Key

15. d
14. a
13. a
12.d
11. a
10. a 5. b
9. d
8. b 4. a
7. a
3. b
6. c
5. b 2. c
4. a
3. d 1. a
2. a.
1. d
WHAT I KNOW WHAT’S IN

5. Glass 4. Rubble 3. Concrete Block 2. Earth 1. Wood

WHAT’S NEW
 WHAT’S MORE

15. a
14. c
13. b
12. a
11. d
10. a.
9. d
8. d
7. a
6. a
5.d
4. a
3. a
2. d
1. b

ASSESMENT

WHAT I CAN DO
References

Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Drexel University. Fundamentals of

Computer Aided Design.
http://www.pages.drexel.edu/~rcc34/Files/Teaching/MEM201%20L5-Fa0809-
SpDimensions_RC.pdf.( Accessed June 2, 2020)

The Engineers Post. Dimensions and Types of Dimensioning Systems.

https://www.theengineerspost.com/dimensioning-systems/.( Accessed June 3, 2020)

Earnest R. Weidhaas. Architectural Drafting and Design 4th edition The National Building Code
of the Philippines and Its Implementing Rules and Regulations 2005

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education. Mechanical Drafting.

https://www.slideshare.net/kenjoyb/k-to-12-mechanical-drafting-learning-module. (Accessed
May 30, 2020)

WWW.Pinterest.com. https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/303852306109033482/.

( Accessesed May 30, 2020)

Engineering Essentials. http://engineeringessentials.com/ege5/files/ege/sec/sec_page1.htm.

(Accessed May 30, 2020)

Competency – Based Learning Modules (CBLM) in Drafting Technology.

https://shsph.blogspot.com/p/technical-drafting-module-2.html.May 30, 2020

Engineering Essentials. http://engineeringessentials.com /ege5/files/ege/sec/sec_page1.htm.

(Accessed May 30, 2020)

Competency – Based Learning Modules (CBLM) in Drafting Technology.

https://shsph.blogspot.com/p/technical-drafting-module-2.html.
DISCLAIMER(Accessed May 30, 2020)
Paul Munford . Technical Drawing Standards: Leader Lines. https://cadsetterout.com/drawing-
This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN with the
standards/technical-drawing-standards-leader-lines/. (Accessed May 30, 2020)
primary objective of preparing for and addressing the new normal. Contents of this
module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC). This
is a supplementary material to be used by all learners of Region XII in all public
schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The process of LR development was observed in
the production of this module. This is version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback,
comments, and recommendations.

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN

Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)

Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893

Email Address: [email protected]