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    Jamestown COMPLETE Notes

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    Vitaliy Fedchenko
    The first successful English colony in North America was established at Jamestown, Virginia in 1607. The colony faced many hardships in its early years, including disease, conflicts with local tribes, and starvation during the "Starving Time" winter of 1609-1610 when over 80% of colonists died. However, the leadership of John Smith and later John Rolfe helped the colony survive. Rolfe's introduction of tobacco as a cash crop in 1614 brought economic success and prosperity to Jamestown, making it the first permanent English settlement in America.

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    Jamestown COMPLETE Notes

    Uploaded by

    Vitaliy Fedchenko
    63 views5 pages
    The first successful English colony in North America was established at Jamestown, Virginia in 1607. The colony faced many hardships in its early years, including disease, conflicts with local tribes, and starvation during the "Starving Time" winter of 1609-1610 when over 80% of colonists died. However, the leadership of John Smith and later John Rolfe helped the colony survive. Rolfe's introduction of tobacco as a cash crop in 1614 brought economic success and prosperity to Jamestown, making it the first permanent English settlement in America.

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    The first successful English colony in North America was established at Jamestown, Virginia in 1607. The colony faced many hardships in its early years, including disease, conflicts with local tribes, and starvation during the "Starving Time" winter of 1609-1610 when over 80% of colonists died. However, the leadership of John Smith and later John Rolfe helped the colony survive. Rolfe's introduction of tobacco as a cash crop in 1614 brought economic success and prosperity to Jamestown, making it the first permanent English settlement in America.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    63 views5 pages

    Jamestown COMPLETE Notes

    Uploaded by

    Vitaliy Fedchenko
    The first successful English colony in North America was established at Jamestown, Virginia in 1607. The colony faced many hardships in its early years, including disease, conflicts with local tribes, and starvation during the "Starving Time" winter of 1609-1610 when over 80% of colonists died. However, the leadership of John Smith and later John Rolfe helped the colony survive. Rolfe's introduction of tobacco as a cash crop in 1614 brought economic success and prosperity to Jamestown, making it the first permanent English settlement in America.

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    of 5

    Name: _________________________________________ Date: _________________

    The First Successful


    English Colony of Jamestown

    In 1606, England was ruled by King James


    I. The English people did not choose him as
    their leader because England was a monarchy
    (a type of government with a king or queen,
    where the ruler’s power is handed down to
    them).

    During this time, King James I gave a


    group of wealthy men, called the London
    Company, permission to start a colony in North
    America. The group sent 105 men to settle in
    Virginia. They hoped a colony would make them
    richer.

    The settlers arrived in Virginia in May 1607, hoping to find gold. They chose
    a place near a river, where the deep water allowed them to anchor their ships
    close by. The site was upriver from Chesapeake Bay, but far enough from the
    river that it would be difficult for Spanish ships to attack. Located on a peninsula,
    the town was easy to defend by land. The group built a settlement surrounded by
    the walls of a fort and named it Jamestown in honor of King James I.

    Unfortunately, the settlers built Jamestown on a marsh. The water around


    the town was dirty and salty and the land was bad for farming. Worse still,
    mosquitoes in the marsh carried a deadly disease called malaria. By the end of
    1607, disease and other challenges had killed many of the settlers.

    In late 1607, some American Indians captured a Jamestown settler named


    Captain John Smith. They took Smith to their chief, Powhatan (pronounced; pow-
    uh-TAN). According to the story Smith later told, the chief was about to kill him
    when Powhatan’s young daughter, Pocahontas, saved his life. Many historians
    really think that Smith’s life was never in actual danger. After this incident,
    Pocahontas visited Jamestown several times. She and her people brought food
    to trade to the few surviving colonists.

    In January 1608, more men arrived from England. Many had come only to
    find gold, so there were not enough people growing the food needed to feed the
    colony. In September, John Smith became the leader of the colony. He knew that
    the settlement needed everyone’s help to survive. He said that any man who
    would not work to maintain Jamestown would not eat. Smith’s leadership helped
    save the colony.
    In the summer of 1609, a new group of settlers arrived, including women
    and children. The next month, Smith returned to England after having been badly
    burned by an explosion of gunpowder. The colonists had lost a strong leader. To
    make matters worse, Powhatan stopped trading with them. Local tribes attacked
    the people they found outside the settlement. The winter of 1609–1610 was
    known as the “Starving Time” because they couldn’t hunt and it was too cold to
    harvest crops for food. Many settlers had to eat horses and dogs. Hundreds of
    people died. Only about 60 settlers survived in Jamestown.

    The Jamestown settlers never found gold. Therefore, they needed another
    way to support their colony. Colonist John Rolfe learned how to grow a new kind
    of tobacco. The settlers planted this cash crop. In 1614, they began to trade their
    tobacco for money and supplies. People in England loved it. Tobacco became
    Virginia’s “gold.” It wasn’t actually gold, but selling tobacco made the colony
    wealthy.

    Meanwhile, Powhatan’s people worried about so many settlers coming to


    their land. In 1614, John Rolfe married Pocahontas. For a time, the colonists and
    the American Indians were at peace. Pocahontas even went to England and met
    King James. Before she could return, she got sick. In 1617, she died.

    Meanwhile, Jamestown was growing and changing. In 1619, the men


    elected representatives to make laws for the colony. This was the first
    representative government in an American colony. The people choose their
    leaders in this government. They called the governing body the House of
    Burgesses. (Burgess is an English word for an elected representative.) Only
    landowners could have this job, but now Virginia’s government was more
    democratic than England’s.

    When Powhatan
    died, his brother became
    chief, and the peace
    between the American
    Indians and the settlers
    ended. In 1622, the new
    chief and his men
    attacked Jamestown and
    killed 347 colonists. But
    Jamestown survived to
    become the first
    successful English
    settlement in North
    America.!
    Jamestown
    • More!settlers!arrived,!including! • Land>owning%men%voted!(elected)!
    ! leaders!to!make!laws!for!the!colony.!!
    women!and!children.!!!
    • American!Indians!captured! ! !!!
    Captain!John!Smith.!! • Smith%left!to!go!to!England.! • It!was!the!first!representative%
    Pocahontas,!Chief!Powhatan’s! Natives!stopped!trading!and! government%in!an!American!colony!
    daughter!saved!him.!! people!started!to!starve.!!It!was! (Democracy).!!
    called!the!“Starving%Time”! !
    because!hundreds!died.!!!!! • They!called!the!government!the!
    House%of%Burgesses.!
    Late 1607 1609-1610
    ! 1619

    May1607 Sept. 1608 1614


    1622
    • Settlers!(men!only)! • John%Smith%became% • John%Rolfe!knew!
    arrived!in!Virginia! the%leader.%%He!said! how!to!grow!a!new!
    that!any!man!who! • Peace!between!
    looking!for!gold.!!! kind!of!tobacco.!!! colonists/natives!
    would!not!work! !
    ! would!not!eat.!!He! ended!when!Chief!
    • They!called!their! • Settlers!planted!the! Powhatan!died.!!
    saved!the!colony.!!!! crop!and!it!became!a!
    colony!Jamestown.!! !
    cash%crop!that!they! • The!new!chief!and!
    !
    sold!for!money!and! men!attacked!and!
    • The!colony!was!built! supplies.!!It!made!the!
    January 1608 killed!347!colonists.!
    on!a!marsh!with! colony!wealthy.!!
    ! !!!
    mosquitos!that! !
    • More!men!arrived!from! • They!colony!still!
    carried!malaria!so!!at! • John%Rolfe%married%
    England!looking!to!find! survived!and!
    first!many%colonists% Pocahontas!and!the! became!the!first%
    gold.!!!
    died.!! ! colony!was!peaceful! successful%English%
    ! • There!weren’t!enough! with!the!Natives!! settlement%in%
    people!to!grow!food.!!! North%America.%!
    !
    Name:!___________________________________________________! ! Date:!________________________________!
    !
    Jamestown Colony
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    What year was Jamestown founded?

    1607

    What was the name of the company, which sponsored Jamestown?

    The Virginia Company of London

    Who were the men who caused Jamestown to be successful?

    John Smith and John Rolfe

    John Smith saved the colony from starvation. He told colonists that they must
    work in order to eat.
    John Rolfe had the colony plant and harvest tobacco, which became a cash
    crop and was sold to Europe.

    What was the crop that was sold to Europe for Jamestown to make a profit
    (make money)?

    Tobacco
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    Goals, Problems, and Successes of
    Jamestown
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    !
    What!were!the!goals!of!the!Jamestown!colony?!!
    !
    1. Find%a%route%to%Asia%!
    !
    2. Search%for%gold!
    !
    !
    What!were!some!of!the!problems!that!Jamestown!faced?!!
    • Colony%was%built%on%a%marsh,%which%had%mosquitos%that%carried%malaria%and%
    made%the%colonists%sick%
    • The%colonists%didn’t%bring%many%farmers%and%so%they%couldn’t%eat%and%suffered%
    from%starvation%
    • Nearby%Native%Americans%were%unfriendly%and%didn’t%help%them%
    farm/hunt/fish%
    • Didn’t%find%any%gold.%%
    !
    Who!saved!John!Smith!when!Native!Americans!captured!him?!!
    !
    Pocahontas%%
    !
    !
    Who!had!the!colonists!grow!tobacco!to!be!sold!to!Europe?!!
    !
    John%Rolfe%
    !
    !
    What!happened!on!July!30,!1619?!!What!is!the!House!of!Burgesses?!!
    !
    The%House%of%Burgesses%was%the%first%“representative%government”%in%the%new%world.%%%
    %
    It%was%a%group%of%landLowning%men%who%were%elected%(voted%for)%by%the%colony.%%The%
    group%of%men%could%make%laws.%%
    !
    !

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