Vector Mechanics For Engineers: Dynamics
Vector Mechanics For Engineers: Dynamics
Vector Mechanics For Engineers: Dynamics
Kinematic relationship are used to help us determine the trajectory of a golf ball,
the orbital speed of a satellite, and the accelerations during acrobatic flying.
DYNAMICS INCLUDES:
KINEMATICS – Study of the geometry of motion
Relates displacement, velocity, acceleration, and time without reference
to the cause of motion
KINETICS – Study of the relations existing between the forces acting on a body,
the mass of the body, and the motion of the body. Kinetics is used to predict the
motion caused by given forces or to determine the forces required to produce a
given motion.
PARTICLE KINETICS INCLUDES:
RECTILINEAR MOTION – position, velocity, and acceleration of a particle as it
moves along a straight line.
CURVILINEAR MOTION – position, velocity and acceleration of a particle as it
moves along a curved line in two or three dimensions.
∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑣 ∫ 𝑑𝑡
𝑥0 0
𝑥 − 𝑥0 = 𝑣𝑡
𝑥 = 𝑥0 + 𝑣𝑡
Careful – these only apply to uniform rectilinear motion!
For a particle in uniformly accelerated rectilinear motion, the acceleration of the
particle is constant. You may recognize these constant acceleration equations
from your physics courses.
𝑣 𝑡
𝑑𝑣
= 𝑎 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 ∫ 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑎 ∫ 𝑑𝑡 𝑣 = 𝑣0 + 𝑎𝑡
𝑑𝑡
𝑣0 0
𝑥 𝑡
𝑑𝑥 1 2
= 𝑣0 + 𝑎𝑡 ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ∫(𝑣0 + 𝑎𝑡)𝑑𝑡 𝑥 = 𝑥0 + 𝑣0 𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡
𝑑𝑡 2
𝑥0 0
𝑣 𝑥
𝑑𝑣
𝑣 = 𝑎 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 ∫ 𝑣𝑑𝑣 = 𝑎 ∫ 𝑑𝑥 𝑣 2 = 𝑣02 + 2𝑎(𝑥 − 𝑥0 )
𝑑𝑥
𝑣0 𝑥0