M 42M SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS

Standard Specification for

Rail-Steel Deformed and Plain Bars for Concrete Reinforcement

AASHTO DESIGNATION: M 42M/M 42-941

(ASTM DESIGNATION: A 616/A 616M-93)

1. SCOPE1 2.2 ASTM Standards: 4.1.7 Supplementary requirements (if

A 700 Recommended Practices for desired),
1.1 This specification covers deformed Packaging, Marking, and 4.1.8 AASHTO designation and date of
and plain rail-steel concrete reinforce- Loading Methods for Steel issue,
ment bars. The standard sizes and dimen- Products for Domestic Ship- 4.1.9 Certified mill test reports (if
sions of deformed bars and their number ment desired) (See Section 17).
designations shall be those listed in Table 2.3 Military Standards: NOTE 1-A typical ordering description is
la [Table lb]. MIL-STD-129 Marking for Ship- as follows: 9 Mg rail-steel deformed and
1.2 Bars are of two minimum yield lev- ment and Storage plain bars for concrete reinforcement, Nº
els: namely, 350 MPa [50000 psi] and MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products 25, 18 m long, deformed, Grade 400, in
400 MPa [60000 psi], designated as Preparation for Shipment and secured lifts, to AASHTO M 42M____
Grade 350 [50] and 400 [60], respec- Storage Certified mill test reports are required.
tively. [10 tons rail steel deformed and plain
2.4 Federal Standard: bars for concrete reinforcement, No. 8,
1.3 Plain rounds, in sizes up to and in-
cluding 50 mm [2 in.] in diameter, in Fed. Std. Nº 123 Marking for 30 ft. 0 in. long, deformed, Grade 60, in
coils or cut lengths, when specified for Shipment (Civil Agencies) secured lifts, to AASHTO M 42______
dowels, spirals and structural ties or Certified mill test reports are required.]
supports shall be furnished under this 3. TERMINOLOGY
specification in Grade 350 [50] and 5. MATERIAL AND MANUFAC-
Grade 400 [60]. For bending properties TURE
test provisions of the nearest smaller 3.1 Descriptions of Terms Specific to
nominal diameter deformed bar size shall This Standard:
apply. Those requirements providing for 3.1.1 Deformed bar-steel bar with 5.1 The bars shall be rolled from stan-
deformations and marking shall not be protrusions; a bar that is intended for use dard section Tee rails. No other materials
applicable. as reinforcement in reinforced concrete such as those known by the terms re-
1.4 The weldability of the steel is not part construction. rolled, rail-steel equivalent, and railsteel
of this specification. quality shall be substituted.
3.1.1.1 Discussion-The surface of the bar
1.5 This specification is applicable for is provided with lugs or protrusions that
orders in either SI units (as Specification inhibit longitudinal movement of the bar 6. REQUIREMENTS FOR DE-
M 42M) or in inch-pound units (as Speci- relative to the concrete sur-rounding the FORMATIONS
fication M 42). SI units and inch-pound bar in such construction. The lugs or
units are not necessarily equivalent. Inch- protrusions conform to the provisions of
this specification. 6.1 Deformations shall be spaced along
pound units are shown in brackets in the
the bar at substantially uniform distances.
text for clarity, but they are the applicable 3.1.2 Deformations-protrusions on a The deformations on opposite sides of the
values when the material is ordered to M deformed bar. bar shall be similar in size and shape.
42. 3.1.3 Plain bar-steel bar without pro- 6.2 The deformations shall be placed
trusions. with respect to the axis of the bar so that
2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS the included angle is not less than 45°.
4. ORDERING INFORMATION Where the line of deformations forms an
2.1 AASHTO Standards: included angle with the axis of the bar
from 45 to 70° inclusive, the deforma-
T 244 Mechanical Testing of Steel 4.1 Orders for material under this speci- tions shall alternately reverse in direction
Products fication should include the following on each side, or those on one side shall be
R 11 Recommended Practice for information: reversed in direction from those on the
Indicating Which Places of 4.1.1 Quantity mass [weight], opposite side. Where the line of deforma-
Figures are to be Considered 4.1.2 Name of material (rail-steel tion is over 70°, a reversal in direction is
Significant in Specified Lim- deformed and plain bars for concrete not required.
iting Values reinforcement), 6.3 The average spacing or distance
T 285 Bend Test for Bars for Con- 4.1.3 Size and length, between deformations on each side of the
crete Reinforcement bar shall not exceed seven-tenths of the
4.1.4 Deformed or plain, nominal diameter of the bar.
4.1.5 Grade, 6.4 The overall length of deformations
1
Agrees with ASTM A 616/A 616M-93 except for 4.1.6 Packaging (see Section 19), and shall be such that the gap between the
bend test procedure which is referenced to AASHTO ends of the deformations on opposite
T 285 and Sections 8.1, 8.2.1, 8.2.2, 8.3, and St. 1.

32
M 42M SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS

TABLE 1a Deformed Bar Designation Numbers, Nominal Masses, Nominal Dimensions, and Deformation Requirements, SI Units
Nominal DimensionsA Deformation Requirements, mm
Nominal
Bar Desig- Maximum Gap
Mass, Cross-Sectional Maximum Average Minimum Average
nation NoB Diameter, mm Perimeter, mm (Chord of 12.5%of
kg/m Area,mm2 Spacing Height
Nominal Perimeter)
10 0.785 11.3 100 35.5 7.9 0.45 4.4
15 1.570 16.0 200 50.3 11.2 0.72 6.3
20 2.355 19.5 300 61.3 13.6 0.98 7.7
25 3.925 25.2 500 79.2 17.6 1.26 9.9
30 5.495 29.9 700 93.9 20.9 1.48 11.7
35 7.850 35.7 1000 112.2 25.0 1.79 14.0
A
The nominal dimensions of a deformed bar are equivalent to those of a plain round bar having the same mass per meter as the deformed bar.
B
Bar designation numbers approximate the number of millimeters of the nominal diameter of the bar.

TABLE lb Deformed Bar Designation Numbers, Nominal Weights, Nominal Dimensions, and Deformation Requirements, Inch-Pound
Units
Nominal Dimensions' Deformation Requirements, mm
Nominal
Bar Designation Maximum Gap
Weight, Cross-Sectional Maximum Average Minimum Average
No.B Diameter, in. Perimeter, in. (Chord of 12.5%of
lb/ft. Area, in2 Spacing Height
Nominal Perimeter)
3 0.376 0.375 0.11 1.178 0.262 0.015 0.143
4 0.668 0.500 0.20 1.571 0.350 0.020 0.191
5 1.043 0.625 0.31 1.963 0.437 0.028 0.239
6 1.502 0.750 0.44 2.356 0.525 0.038 0.286
7 2.044 0.875 0.60 2.749 0.612 0.044 0.334
8 2.670 1.000 0.79 3.142 0.700 0.050 0.383
9 3.400 1.128 1.00 3.544 0.790 0.056 0.431
10 4.303 1.270 1.27 3.990 0.889 0.064 0.487
11 5.313 1.410 1.56 4.430 0.987 0.071 0.540
A
The nominal dimensions of a deformed bar are equivalent to those of a plain round bar having the same weight per foot as the deformed bar.
B
Bar numbers are based on the number of eighths of an inch included in the nominal diameter of the bars.

sides of the bar shall not exceed 12.5 TABLE 2a Tensile Requirements, SI Units TABLE 2b Tensile Requirements, Inch-
percent of the nominal perimeter of the Grade Grade Pound Units
bar. Where the ends terminate in a longi- 350 400 Grade50 Grade60
tudinal rib, the width of longitudinal rib Tensile strength, min., MPa 550 600 Tensile strength, min., psi 80000 90000
Yield strength, min., MPa 350 400 Yield strength, min., psi 50000 60000
shall be considered the gap. Where more
Elongation in 200 min., % Elongation in 8 in., min., %:
than two longitudinal ribs are involved,
Bar Nº Bar No.
the total width of all longitudinal ribs 10 6 6 3 6 6
shall not exceed 25 percent of the nomi- 15, 20 7 6 4, 5,6 7 6
nal perimeter of the bar; furthermore, the 25, 30, 35 5 4.5 7 6 5
summation of gaps shall not exceed 25 8 5 4.5
percent of the nominal perimeter of the 9, 10, 11 5 4.5
bar. The nominal perimeter of the bar 7.2 The average height of deformations
shall be 3.14 times the nominal diameter. shall be determined from measurements
made on not less than two typical defor- 8. TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
6.5 The spacing, height and gap of de-
mations. Determinations shall be based
formations shall conform to the require-
on three measurements per deformation,
ments prescribed in Table la [Table lb]. 8.1 Grade 350 [50] and Grade 400 [60]-
one at the center of the overall length and
The material as represented by the test
the other two at the quarter points of the
specimens shall conform to the require-
7. MEASUREMENTS OF DEFOR- overall length.
ments for tensile properties prescribed in
MATIONS 7.3 Insufficient height, insufficient Table 2a [Table 2b] when tested in ac-
circumferential coverage, or excessive cordance with Sections 11 to 13 of T 244.
7.1 The average spacing of deformations spacing of deformations, shall not consti-
8.2 The yield point or yield strength shall
shall be determined by dividing a meas- tute cause for rejection unless it has been
be determined by one of the following
ured length of the bar specimen by the clearly established by determinations on
methods:
number of individual deformations and each lot (Note 2) tested that typical de-
formation height, gap or spacing does not 8.2.1 The yield point shall be deter-
fractional parts of deformations on any
conform to the minimum requirements mined by drop of the beam or halt of the
one side of the bar specimen. A measured
prescribed in Section 6. No rejection may point method as described in Section
length of the bar specimen shall be con-
be made on the basis of measurements if 13.1.1 of T 244.
sidered the distance from a point on a
deformation to a corresponding point on fewer than 10 adjacent deformations on 8.2.2 Where the steel tested does not
any other deformation on the same side each side of the bar are measured. exhibit a well-defined yield point, the
of the bar. Spacing measurements shall NOTE 2-A lot is defined as all the bars of one
yield point shall be determined at exten-
not be made over a bar area containing bar number and pattern of deformation con- sion under load using an extensometer as
bar marking symbols involving letters or tained in an individual shipping release or described in Section 13.1.3 of T 244. The
numbers. shipping order. extension under load shall be 0.005
mm/mm [0.005 in./in.] of gage length
(0.5 percent).

33
M 42M SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS

8.3 The percentage of elongation shall be 11.2 Rust, seams, surface irregulari- lot. If the results of both test specimens
as prescribed in Table 2a [Table 2b] ties, or mill scale shall not be cause for meet the specified requirements, the lot
when tested in accordance with Section rejection provided the mass [weight], shall be accepted. The retest shall be
13.4 of T 244. dimensions, cross-sectional area and performed on test specimens that are at
tensile properties of a hand wire brushed air temperature but not less than 16°C
test specimen are not less than the re- [60°F].
9. BENDING REQUIREMENTS quirements of this specification. 14.4 If any test specimen fails because
11.3 Surface imperfections other than of mechanical reasons such as failure of
9.1 The bend-test specimen shall with- those specified in Section 11.2 shall be testing equipment, it may be discarded
stand being bent around a pin without considered detrimental when specimens and another specimen taken.
cracking on the outside of the bent por- containing such imperfections fail to 14.5 If any test specimen develops
tion when tested according to AASHTO conform to either tensile or bending flaws, it may be discarded and another
T 285. The requirements for angle of requirements. specimen of the same size bar from the
bending and size of pins are prescribed in same lot of 9 Mg [10 tons] or fraction
Table 3a [Table 3b]. thereof substituted.
12. TEST SPECIMENS
9.2 Other acceptable more severe meth-
ods of bend testing, such as placing a
specimen across two pins free to rotate 12.1 Tension test specimens shall be 15. INSPECTION
and applying the bending force with a the full section of the bar as rolled.
fixed pin, may be used. When failures 12.2 The unit stress determinations on 15.1 The inspector representing the
occur under more severe methods, retests full-size specimens shall be based on the purchaser shall have free entry, at all
shall be permitted under the bend test nominal bar area. times while work on the contract of the
method prescribed in Section 9.1. purchaser is being performed, to all parts
12.3 The bend test specimens shall be
the full section of the bar as rolled. of the manufacturer's works that concern
TABLE 3a Bend Test Requirements, SI the manufacture of the material ordered.
12.3.1 Bend tests are not required on The manufacturer shall afford the inspec-
Units
bars fabricated by the producer.
Pin Diameter For BendA tor all reasonable facilities to satisfy him
Bar Designa-
Tests that the material is being furnished in
tion Nº
Grade350 Grade400 13. NUMBER OF TESTS accordance with this specification. All
10. 15, 20, 25 6dB 6d tests and inspection shall be made at the
30 8d 8d place of manufacture prior to shipment
35 8d (90°) 8d (90°) 13.1 For bar sizes Nº 10 to Nº 35 [Nº 3 unless otherwise specified, and shall be
A
Test bends 180° unless noted otherwise. to Nº 11] inclusive, one tension test and
B so conducted as not to interfere unneces-
d = nominal diameter of specimen. one bend test shall be made of each bar sarily with the operation of the works.
size rolled from each lot of 9 Mg [10
15.2 For Government Procurement
TABLE 3b Bend Test Requirements, Inch- tons] or fraction thereof rolled from rails
Only-Except as otherwise specified in the
Pound Units varying not more than 5 kg/ m [10 lb/yd]
contract, the contractor is responsible for
Pin Diameter for' Bend of nominal mass [weight].
Bar Designation
Tests the performance of all inspection and test
Nº requirements specified herein. Except as
Grade50 Grade60
3, 4, 5, 6 6d° 6d 14. RETESTS otherwise specified in the contract, the
7,8 6d 6d contractor may use his own or any other
9, 10 8d 8d suitable facilities for the performance of
14.1 If any tensile property of the test the inspection and test requirements
11 8d (90°) 8d (90°)
A
Test bends 180° unless noted otherwise.
specimen is less than that specified in specified herein, unless disapproved by
B
d = nominal diameter of specimen. Section 8 and any part of the fracture is the purchaser at the time of purchase. The
outside the middle third of the gage purchaser shall have the right to perform
length, as indicated by scribe scratches any of the inspections and tests at the
10. PERMISSIBLE VARIATION IN marked on the specimen before testing, a same frequency as set forth in this speci-
MASS [WEIGHT] retest shall be allowed. fication where such inspections are
14.2 If the results of an original ten- deemed necessary to assure that material
10.1 The permissible variation in mass sion specimen fail to meet the specified conforms to prescribed requirements.
[weight] shall not exceed 6 percent under minimum requirements and are within 14
nominal mass [weight]. Reinforcing bars MPa [2000 psi] of the required tensile
strength, within 7 MPa [1000 psi] of the 16. REJECTION
are evaluated on the basis of nominal
mass [weight]. In no case shall overmass required yield point, or within two per-
[overweight] of any bar be the cause for centage units of the required elongation, 16.1 Material that shows injurious
rejection. a retest shall be permitted on two random defects subsequent to its acceptance at
10.2 The specified limit of variation specimens for each original tension the manufacturer's works will be rejected,
shall be evaluated in accordance with specimen failure from the lot. If all re- and the manufacturer shall be notified.
Recommended Practice R 11 (rounding sults of these retest specimens meet the
method). specified requirements, the lot shall be
accepted. 17. TEST REPORTS
14.3 If a bend test fails for reasons
11. FINISH other than mechanical reasons or flaws in 17.1 When specified in the purchase
the specimen as described in Sections order, report the following information
11.1 The bars shall be free of detri- 14.4 and 14.5, a retest shall be permitted on a per lot basis. Additional items may
mental surface imperfection. on two random specimens from the same be reported as requested or desired.

34
M 42M SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS

17.1.1 Tensile Properties. 19. PACKAGING S1 For material ordered to this supple-
17.1.2 Bend test. mentary requirement, Sections 9.1 and
18.3.3 are replaced by the following (all
19.1 When specified in the purchase requirements S1.1 through S1.2 shall
18. MARKING order, packaging shall be in accordance apply):
with the procedures in Practices ASTM A
700. S1.1 (Replaces 9.1) The bend-test
18.1 When loaded for mill shipment, specimen shall withstand being bent
19.2 For Government Procurement around a pin without cracking on the
bars shall be properly separated and Only-When specified in the contract or
tagged with the manufacturer's test iden- outside of the bent portion when tested
order, and for direct procurement by or according to AASHTO T 285.
tification number. direct shipment to the U.S. Government,
18.2 Each producer shall identify the material shall be preserved, packaged, S1.2 (Replaces 18.3.3) Bars furnished
symbols of his marking system. and packed in accordance with the re- to this supplement shall be designated for
quirements of MIL-STD-163. The appli- type of steel by the symbol R, in addition
18.3 All bars produced to this specifi-
cable levels shall be as specified in the to the rail symbol.
cation, except plain round bars, which
shall be tagged for grade, shall be identi- contract. Marking for shipment of such
fied by a distinguishing set of marks material shall be in accordance with Fed. TABLE Sla Bend Test Requirements
legibly rolled into the surface of one side Std. No. 123 for civil agencies and (Supplementary), SI Units
of the bar to denote in the following MILSTD-129 for military agencies. Bar Designa- Pin Diameter for Bend Tests,
order: tion Nº 180°
Grade350 Grade400
18.3.1 Point of Origin-Letter or symbol 20. KEYWORDS 10, 15 3 ½ dA 3½d
established as the producer's mill desig- 20, 25 5d 5d
nation. 30, 35 7d 7d
20.1 Concrete reinforcement, deforma- A
18.3.2 Size Designation-Arabic number d = nominal diameter of specimen.
tions (protrusions); steel bars
corresponding to bar designation number
of Table la [Table lb]. TABLE S1b Bend Test Requirements
(Supplementary), Inch-Pound Units
18.3.3 Type of Steel-A rail symbol SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIRE-
Bar Designa- Pin Diameter for Bend Tests,
indicating that the bar was produced from MENTS 180°
tion Nº
rail steel. Grade50 Grade60
18.3.4 Minimum Yield Designation-for 3, 4, 5- 3 ½ dA 3½d
The following supplementary require-
6, 7, 8 5d 5d
Grade 400 [60] bars, either the number 4 ments shall apply only when specified in 9, 10, 11 7d 7d
[60] or a single continuous longitudinal the purchase order or contract. A
d = nominal diameter of specimen.
line through at least five spaces offset
from the center of the bar side.

35