Sports injuries are injuries that occur while participating in organized sports or fitness activities. They can be acute, chronic, or overuse injuries caused by both intrinsic factors like body composition and extrinsic factors like training methods. Common sports injuries include muscle strains and sprains, as well as injuries to bones, joints, ligaments, and nerves. The immediate treatment for sports injuries follows RICER guidelines - rest, ice, compression, elevation, and referral to a medical professional if needed. Rehabilitation aims to fully restore an athlete's function and prevent reinjury through exercises targeting flexibility, muscle conditioning, and sport-specific skills.
Sports injuries are injuries that occur while participating in organized sports or fitness activities. They can be acute, chronic, or overuse injuries caused by both intrinsic factors like body composition and extrinsic factors like training methods. Common sports injuries include muscle strains and sprains, as well as injuries to bones, joints, ligaments, and nerves. The immediate treatment for sports injuries follows RICER guidelines - rest, ice, compression, elevation, and referral to a medical professional if needed. Rehabilitation aims to fully restore an athlete's function and prevent reinjury through exercises targeting flexibility, muscle conditioning, and sport-specific skills.
Sports injuries are injuries that occur while participating in organized sports or fitness activities. They can be acute, chronic, or overuse injuries caused by both intrinsic factors like body composition and extrinsic factors like training methods. Common sports injuries include muscle strains and sprains, as well as injuries to bones, joints, ligaments, and nerves. The immediate treatment for sports injuries follows RICER guidelines - rest, ice, compression, elevation, and referral to a medical professional if needed. Rehabilitation aims to fully restore an athlete's function and prevent reinjury through exercises targeting flexibility, muscle conditioning, and sport-specific skills.
Sports injuries are injuries that occur while participating in organized sports or fitness activities. They can be acute, chronic, or overuse injuries caused by both intrinsic factors like body composition and extrinsic factors like training methods. Common sports injuries include muscle strains and sprains, as well as injuries to bones, joints, ligaments, and nerves. The immediate treatment for sports injuries follows RICER guidelines - rest, ice, compression, elevation, and referral to a medical professional if needed. Rehabilitation aims to fully restore an athlete's function and prevent reinjury through exercises targeting flexibility, muscle conditioning, and sport-specific skills.
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1/ 31
SPORTS INJURY
SHOHAILI MANSOR PHYSIOTHERAPIST WHAT IS SPORT INJURY ? Sports injuries are injuries that typically occur while participating in organized sports, competitions, training sessions, or organized fitness activities. These injuries may occur to anyone for a variety of reasons, including improper training, lack of appropriate footwear or safety equipment, and rapid growth during puberty. TYPE OF INJURY ACUTE CHRONIC OVERUSE
CAUSES
INTRINSIC EXTRINSIC • Body Composition • Training Method • Age • Surface • Muscle Weakness • Equipment • Poor Flexibility • Environment • Injury COMMON SPORT INJURIES
• Sprain • Strain • Open Wound • Fracture • Bursitis • Dislocation ACL injuries The anterior cruciate ligament connects the the front femur (thigh bone) to the tib ia (Shin bone), pr eve‹1ts Ihe ti bia from siio›•$ forwards R bRURDth thB. fem ur and pr ov ides stability to /terior thR knee. Lateral uciate meniscu ament Medial Lateral meniscus col Tear later l igam Medial llateraf igament
Tearing of the AC L can occur
\vhen th e bones twist 1n oppo site directions dLiring an impact. such as a landing from a Source: American Are fern of Or thopec/rc Sur oot1s Steve Greenberg / Star staK LEVEL OF INJURY PRIORITY First Priority -Injuires that pose an immediate threat to life eg : Airway obstruction / Cardiac arrest / uncontrolled bleeding Second Priority – Urgent injuries that are potential threats to life or limb eg :Head injury / Spinal injury Serious limb injuries with blood vessel / nerve injury Third Priority (most common type) eg: Mild limb injuries – sprain / strain eg :Cuts and bruises INJURY PREVENTION CYCLE
(6 PREVENTION OF RECURRENCE (1 PREVENTION
(5 REHABILITATION (2 INCIDENT
PHASE
(4 DEFINITIVE (3 ACUTE
CARE PHASE WHAT IS PRIMARY SURVEY ? When an athlete goes down with an injury, you should do as follow :
• Determine whether the athlete is
conscious/ unconscious
• If unconscious, check the athlete’s ABC’s :
* airway – used head tilt/chin lift/chin lift only * breathing – look, listen & feel for breathing - if none, give 2 full breaths * circulation – check carotid (neck) pulse • If the athlete is conscious & able to talk, check these function : * breathing – for irregularities * pulse – for heart / circulation problems
• If both breathing & pulse are normal, begin the
secondary survey to locate & check the extent of the injury Performed after life threatening injuries have been ruled out 1) TALK ask the player what happen ? where does it hurt ? what kind of pain ? 2) OBSERVE look at the offered area for REDNESS/SWELLING is the injured side different from other side?
3) TOUCH touch will indicate warmth for inflammation touch also assesses pain 4) ACTIVE MOVEMENT ask the injured athlete to move the injured part without any help 5) PASSIVE MOVEMENT if the player can move the injured part, carefully try to move it yourself through its full range of motion. 6) SKILL TEST did the active & passive movement produce pain? If no, can the player stand & demonstrate some of the skills from the game carefully? If an injury is identified, remove the player from the activity immediately. 1) STOP stop the athlete from participating / moving stop the game if necessary 2) TALK Talk to the injured athlete : * what happened? * how did it happen? * what did you feel? * where does it hurt? * can you play on? * if no, arrange appropriate transport 3) OBSERVE observe whilst talking to the athlete: * GENERAL : is the athlete distressed? : is the athlete lying in an unusual position/posture? * INJURED SITE : is there any swelling, deformity / discoloration? : can the athlete remove the injured part?
4) PREVENT FURTHER INJURY
ensuring a detailed assessment using TOTAPS IMMEDIATE ASSESSMENT (on the field) R : Rest I : Ice C : Compression E : Elevation R : Referral Further Management? Rehabilitation NO H : HEAT A : ALCOHOL R : RUNNING M : MASSAGE R.I.C.E.R & NO H.A.R.M
The RICER regime must be continued & NO
H.A.R.M factors for the first 48 – 72 hours after the injury to reduce : The severity of further injury, haematoma & tissue swelling The amount of tissue damage The recovery time RICER essential elements for a quick recovery from injury
1) REST i. rest reduces further damage ii. avoid such as movement as possible to limit further damage iii. don’t put any weight on the injured part of the body
2) ICE apply a cold pack to the injury for 15 minutes every 4 hours 3) COMPRESSION i.apply elastoplasts sport elastic adhesive bandage or a non-elastic compression bandage, covering the injured area as well as the area above & below ii.compression reduces bleeding & swelling iii.check bandage is not too tight 4) ELEVATION i.elevate the injured area to stop bleeding & swelling ii.place the injured area on a pillow for support 5) REFERRAL i.refer the injured person to a qualified professional such as a doctor for definitive diagnosis & continuing management NO HARM 1) HEAT i. such as sauna, spa hot water bottle, hot shower, linament,rubs ii. increase bleeding 2) ALCOHOL i. increase swelling 3) RUNNING i. exercise too soon can make the injury worse 4) MASSAGE i. in the first 48-72 hours increase bleeding & swelling INJURY PREVENTION
• The use of special exercises and modified training
methods to help an athlete recovery from an injury
• Is required to return the athlete to the
previous level & enable the athlete to return to sport will function in the shortest possible time OBJECTIVE OF REHAB return to sport with full function Also minimize the undesirable effects of immobilization on the injured area; encourage proper healing,restore sport specific function Also can break an athlete’s injury or re-injury cycle MUSCLE CONDITIONING
PSYCHOLOGY FLEXIBILITY
MAINTENANCE OF COMPONENT PROPRIOCEPTIVE
OF CARDIOVASCULAR FITNESS REHAB
CORRECTION OF ABDOMINAL FUNCTIONS BIOMECHANICS EXERCISE
