Presented By-Jasleen Kaur Brar
Presented By-Jasleen Kaur Brar
Presented By-Jasleen Kaur Brar
Conscious level
Preconscious level
Unconscious part
Conscious level, which relates to the awareness of
an individual to his environment.
It function when the individual is awake.
It is concerned with thought, feelings and sensations,
memory, IQ. Conscious as sense organ of attention. It
is only 1/9 of total mind.
Through attention, person becomes conscious of
perceptual stimuli from the outside world within the
organism.
Only elements in pre conscious enter consciousness.
It is one-way traffic to unconscious mind.
Conscious part of mind is aware of here and now as it
relates individual and his environment.
Preconscious level is described as that part of
mind in which ideas and reactions are stored and
partially forgotten.
It also acts as a watchman because it prevents
certain painful, unpleasant, unacceptable, distributing
unconscious memories from reaching the conscious
mind.
Slip of tongue, slip of pen. Preconscious region of
mind is not present at birth but develops in childhood.
It is accessible to both unconscious and conscious
mind.
Elements of unconscious mind are accessible to
conscious through preconscious. So, it works as
censor for a person’s wishes and desires.
It is associated with mental activity i.e. secondary
process of thinking. Aims of secondary thinking are to
avoid unpleasantness and delaying instinctual
discharge.
It respects logical connection. It is associated with
reality principle. It works accordingly demands of
external reality and person’s moral values etc.
Unconscious part is the largest part of mind (9/10).
It is hidden part of iceberg that floats under water. It
contains repressed ideas and affects.
Elements of unconscious mind are in accessible to
consciousness.
They become conscious only through preconscious mind.
Repressed ideas may reach to consciousness when
censor is over powered or relaxed (dream state).
It is storehouse for all the memories, feelings and
responses experienced by the individual during his entire
life.
Unconscious is associated with particular form of
mental activities that is primary process – with
fulfillment and instinctual discharge.
It is associated with pleasure principle. Primary
process thinking has no conception of time, logic,
circumstances and needs immediate gratification of
their desires, which is very common in infancy.
Memories in unconscious mind lose their connection
with verbal expressions.
They can reach consciousness once words are
reapplied to forgotten memory.
Psychosexual Development
Freud believed that personality develops through
a series of childhood stages in which the
pleasure-seeking energies of the id become
focused on certain erogenous areas. This
psychosexual energy, or libido, was described as
the driving force behind behavior.
If these psychosexual stages are completed
successfully, the result is a healthy personality. If
certain issues are not resolved at the appropriate
stage, fixation can occur.
According to Freud, all human being pass through a series of
five psychosexual stages:
Oral stage 0 to 2 years – During the first year of life the mouth
is the principal organ. Gratification is by sucking the breast of
mother and bottle.
Anal stage 2 to 3 years – Membranes of the anal region provide
pleasure. Not passing fecal matter also gives pleasure to the
child.
Phallic stage 3 to 6 years – self-manipulation of the genital
organs; the child also identifies group to which he belongs’; what
is the difference between him and his younger sister.
Latency stage of 6 to 12 years – this is a stage of
psychosexual development when overt sexual interest is
repressed and sublimated. The child’s attention is focused on
learning skills and other peer activities.
Genital stage – This is the final stage of psychosexual
development reached in puberty when the deepest feelings of
pleasure are said to come from heterosexual relations.
Freud believed that gratification during each stage in
important if the individual is not to be fixated at that
level.
A fixation is a persistent focus on an earlier
psychosexual stage. Until this conflict is resolved, the
individual will remain "stuck" in this stage.
For example, a person who is fixated at the oral
stage may be over-dependent on others and may
seek oral stimulation through smoking, drinking, or
eating.
A person fixated at the anal stage may be abnormally
concerned with cleanliness and orderliness.
Development of Personality:
First 6 years in a child’s life contribute the most to
personality development. These years provide the
foundation for future patterns of behavior.
1-Infancy -0 year to 18 months