4.1 Trigonometric Fourier Series
4.1 Trigonometric Fourier Series
4.1 Trigonometric Fourier Series
A second form of Fourier series is introduced in this section. Suppose that a signal x(t) is defined in
the time interval t0 , t0 T . Then x(t) , by using the trigonometric Fourier series, can be
expressed in time interval t0 , t0 T as a sum of sinusoidal signals, namely, sines and cosines,
where each signal has frequency k0 rad/s.
Example:
The signal that will be expanded is the same signal used at the previous example. Thus, the
problem is to expand in trigonometric Fourier series the signal x(t) et , 0 t 3.
First the trigonometric Fourier coefficients bn , cn and the dc component a0 are computed
according to equations 4.3, 4.4 and 4.2, respectively, for n 1, 2,..., 200 . Next, approximated x(t) is
according to the relationship (equation 4.5)
N N
In order to understand the importance of the number terms used for the approximation of the
original signal x(t) , the approximate signal xx(t) is constructed for different values of n .
Approximation with five terms ( n 1,..., 5 )
Commands Results/Comments
clear b c When the signal is approximated with 5 terms,
for n=1:5
b(n)=(2/T)*int(x*cos(n*w*t),t,t0,t0+T); it is pretty dissimilar to the original signal.
c(n)=(2/T)*int(x*sin(n*w*t),t,t0,t0+T);
end
k=1:5;
xx=a0+sum(b.*cos(k*w*t))+sum(c.*sin(k*w*t))
ezplot(xx, [t0 t0+T]);
title('Approximation with 6 terms')
end
k=1:20; quite satisfactory.
xx=a0+sum(b.*cos(k*w*t))
+sum(c.*sin(k*w*t));
ezplot(xx, [t0 t0+T]);
title('Approximation with 21 terms')
Linearity
Time Shifting
Time Reversal
Tasks
Task 01: The periodic signal x(t) is defined in one period as x(t) tet , 0 t 6 . Plot approximate
signal using 81 terms of trigonometric form of Fourier series.
Task 02: Plot the coefficients of the trigonometric Fourier series for the periodic signal that in one
period is defined by x(t) et , 3 t 3 .