Simulation Analysis of Full Protected in
Simulation Analysis of Full Protected in
Simulation Analysis of Full Protected in
Content
Research Paper covers following chapters:
CHAPTER 01
Introduction:— An
electrical motor converts electrical energy into
mechanical energy. Most of the electric motors operate through the dealings
of magnetic field of electric motor and winding currents to generate force.
Induction motor is one of them. An asynchronous or induction motor is an
AC electric motor in which electric current in the rotor, needed to produce
torque, is obtained by electromagnetic flux from the magnetic field of the
stator winding. In such machines the rotor voltage is induced in the rotor
winding.The main feature of an induction motor is that no external supply is
required to rotate the rotor. There are two types of rotor of induction motors.
Wound or slip ring rotor motor is a type of induction motor where the rotor
winding are connected through slip rings with the external resistance. Speed
of the rotor can be controlled by adjusting the resistance. Squirrel-cage rotor
motor consists of a cylinder of steel lamination, with aluminium or copper
conductors combined in its surface. Squirrel-cage induction motor is widely
used due to its simple construction. Therefore, its protection is also easy as
compared to wound motor. Induction motor consists of following parts:
Cooling Fan:—Cooling fan is used for the constant temperature for the
motor.
rotor and shorted at either end by large shorting rings. Rotor is made from
punched lamination of steel or iron core with slots to provide rotor winding
while bars are made of aluminium or copper metal. The conductors are often
skewed slightly along the length of the rotor to reduce noise and smooth out
torque fluctuations.
When an error occurs in a power system, protection module does not go for
unwanted tripping of lines and distribution system, In this way, power system
remains healthy and can maintain the stability.
Under Voltage relay:—operates when voltage remain low than its lowest
bearing value. These are some important relays which are used for the
protection of a machine. These relays should be sensitive because when a
fault occurs, relays should operate quickly before motor gets damage.
For avoiding this damage, thermal relay should be used in protection system.
Some electrical induction motors without enough protection devices are not
disconnected but they are damaged by the thermal effect of a relatively high
negative sequence current component .
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CHAPTER 02
College of Electrical Engineering, BZU Multan
December 31, 2019 Project Report 10
Where
So from the circuit, the equation of current and voltage can be written as:
When the current in rotor increases temperature increases and when current
decreases temperature decreases. So, torque T has directly relation to the
current I and voltage V.
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CHAPTER 03
Mathematical Formulation of Protection System:—As
discussed four type of relays above for the protection, so, there are four
different types of conditions that must be applied for the operation of relays.
Ipick-up current takes as a reference current and I takes as source current.
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CHAPTER 04
Theoretical Discussion
Test System of Induction Motor:—Simulation model of three
phase induction motor is developed in Matlab/Simulink. Voltage and current
waveforms are observed under healthy and normal conditions. Different types
of protection modules are developed for protection system for induction
motor. These modules are tested under normal and faulty conditions to ensure
reliable operation of induction motor. Induction motor with over current
protection module is shown in fig. 4.1
Over-current limit for this system is set at 16A which means that this relay
will operate when the value of current exceeds from pick up value (16 A) of
current. The subsystem which is handling this operation is shown in fig. 5.
Pick-up value of any voltage and current is set as reference value. When high
current (more than pick-up current) is supplied from the source, relational
College of Electrical Engineering, BZU Multan
December 31, 2019 Project Report 15
from reference current. The subsystem which is handling this all operation is
shown is fig. 4.3
Over-voltage limit for this system is set at 240V which means that this relay
will operate when the value of voltage exceeds from reference voltage. The
subsystem which is handling this operation is shown in fig.4.6
Under-voltage limit for this system is set at 180V which means that this relay
will operate when the value of voltage remains below from reference voltage.
The subsystem which is handling this all operation is shown in fig.4.8
This upper half part of under and over voltage relay system is shown in
fig.4.12 If over-voltage condition happens, then only over-voltage relays will
work. All other relays will be disconnected from the circuit.
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CHAPTER 05
5.1 Graphical Results:—Voltage and current values are used for
analyzing operation of protection modules for three phase induction motor
graphically. Table 1 shows the values of components that is incorporated for
simulation.
TABLE 5.1
03 System Frequency 50 Hz
When a current increases from the pick-up value (16A) set in the relay, relay
will respond to the abnormality happened in the system in order to protect
induction motor. Such type of behaviour is known as over-current protection
and it is shown in fig.5.1 and fig.5.2 without and with protection module
respectively.
When a current decreases from minimum (12A) value set in the relay, relay
will respond to the abnormality happened in the system in order to protect
induction motor. Such type of behaviour is known as under-current protection
and it is shown in fig.5.4 and fig.5.3 without and with protection module
respectively.
Value of source is changed from 230V to 270V, then relay operates at time of
12.43ms and circuit breaker cuts off the supply. Sensing and sending tripping
command time of protection module is about 13ms. Circuit breaker operating
time is 0.5s. Such type of behaviour is known as over-voltage relay and it is
shown in fig.5.5 and fig.5.6 without and with protection module respectively.
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CHAPTER 06
ETAP Simulation Work(Team’s Practical Work)
6.2.2 Bus-Bar1:
6.2.4 Bus-Bar 2:
6.2.6 Bus-Bar 3:
6.2.10 Bus-Bar 4:
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CHAPTER 07
Conclusion:—Induction motors are the favourite candidates of industries
and home appliances. Most of the applications installed that have rotary
component are equipped with induction motor. Because of its large scale
usage, there is a need to ensure continuous and non-interrupt able operation.
For this, different type of protection system must be mounted on motor. In
this research, four type of protection system are simulated to make induction
motor highly protected. It is noticed in the simulations and results that
abnormalities and faults are fully rectified with developed protection system
for induction motor.
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CHAPTER 08
References:—
[2] www.electrical4u.com/induction-motor-advantages.
[4] www.quora.com/How-is-torque-produced-in-a-3-phase-inductionmotor
[8] GuangXiang Jin and JiangSheng Li, YaoXian Liu, Yi Sun and Bin Li,
“Research on Simulation Technology of Communication Network for Power
System Protection”, IEEE Conference on Service Science, 2017.
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