Speech Language Impairment

Speech Language Impairment
Presented by: Candace Boudreaux, Natalie

Linares & Jessica Moua
Overview of Category - Definition
● Speech Language Impairment - A communication disorder, such as
stuttering, impaired articulation, a language impairment, or a voice
impairment, that adversely affect a child’s educational
performance
Overview of Category - Classification
● Childhood Apraxia of Speech - Difficulty making accurate movements when speaking

since the brain has difficulty coordinating the movements
● Speech Sound Disorders - Inability to form sounds, some words may be distorted
● Stuttering and Other Fluency Disorders
○ Blocks - Long pauses when speaking
○ Prolongations - stretching of sounds
○ Repetitions - repeating of a particular sound
● Receptive Disorders - Difficulty understanding and processing what others are
communicating
Overview of Category - Prevalence of the
Disability
● 1 in 12 children in the U.S, (3-17 years-old), has a disorder related to
speech or language
○ 34% (aged 3-10) have multiple communication or swallowing
disorders
○ 25.4% (aged 11-17) have multiple disorders
○ 55.2% received intervention services
Overview of Category - Causes
● Apraxia - Inability to perform movement even though the
command is understood
● Dysarthria - Muscles needed to produce speech are damaged
● Developmental Disorder (Ex. Autism)
● Genetic Syndrome (Ex. Down Syndrome)
● Hearing Loss
● Brain Damage
Identification
● Does not interact with others
● No babbling at 4-7 months
● Few gestures (7-12 months)
● Unable to comprehend speech from others (7 months - 2 years)
● Speaks few words (12 - 18 months)
● Do not compile words into sentences (1.5 - 3 years)
● Difficulty speaking to others their age (2-3 years)
● Difficulty with early reading and writing (2.5 - 3 years)
Screening
In schools, screening is often completed for students in need of support. Schools will need to
receive consent from their guardian in order to have an evaluation and screening. A speech
language pathologist (SLP) will conduct the screening by using a screening test and having
the student verbally explain details from a reading excerpt. SLPs also work with the
student’s teacher to acquire the student’s academic data to support the screening process.
The data is then presented to a team that determines if the student will be needing services.
Characteristics of the Disability
● Psychological Impact
○ Speech and language disorders are associated with heightened risks of social
phobia and social interaction anxiety
○ Individuals are more at risk to poor academic progress which can lead to higher
school drop-out rates and representation in the justice system
○ SLI can affect an individual’s ability to express ideas due to the misuse of words
and their meanings, a reduced vocabulary, and difficulty in the articulation of
words, causing them to withdraw socially, emotionally, and academically
● Behavioral Impact
○ SLI creates difficulty in an student’s ability to follow directions
○ Students can become disengaged because of the communication gap between the
teacher’s instruction and the execution of tasks
○ Teacher can associate student with lower academic expectations with can cause
teacher-student relationships to become strained
○ A student can begin to fall behind in coursework or
classroom activities/assignments and may begin to lash out
if they become detached from social groups and peer
interactions
● Social and Emotional Impact
○ Inability to participate in class discussion and lack of communication with
others can cause individual to become academically and socially withdrawn
both inside and outside of the classroom environment
○ Lack of social interaction negatively affects individuals in their ability to form
strong communication skills and the ability to exchange ideas, information, or
express needs
○ Difficulty with initiation and intentionality to
interact with peers can lead to frustration and
helplessness from the SLI individual
● Social and Emotional Impact (Continued)
○ SLI can cause increased anxiety from parents and/or Educational Rights Holders
(ERH)
○ Due to the possible lack of language and communication development, individuals
may become a product of isolation from peers, social groups, interactions, and
educational environments
○ Peers may bully or make fun of the individual because of their impairment
Educational Considerations
Suggestions for working with students who have speech language impairment in the general
classroom:
● Making adjustments in the classroom
For example: sitting in the front, have visual aids, written instructions, “thinking time”, simplify language
● Giving extra time to complete work
● Assistive technology
For example: PECS, VOCAs, keyboards, touch screen monitors
● Avoid correcting grammatical errors
● Encourage students to be active listeners
● Positive verbal reinforcement
Educational Considerations Continue..
Suggestions for parents with children who have speech and language impairment:
● Do your research and learn the specific type of language impairment
For example: speech delay, stuttering, lisp, muteness, aphasia, cluttering
● Be patient
● Don't force your child to speak and find different ways to communicate
For example: assistive devices- communication board, sign language, social stories
● Talk to parents who have children with a speech impairment
● Have a relationship with the schools personnel- set meetings and goals
● Be your child's advocate!
Resources
● Types of Speech Disorders and Therapy Options
● Quick Statistics About Voice, Speech, Language
● For Teachers - Speech and Language Impairments (weebly.com)
● Assistive Technology for Non-Verbal Special Ed Children - BrightHub Education
● Navigating Speech & Language Difficulties in the Classroom - North Shore Pediatric Therapy (nspt4kids.com)
● For Parents - Speech and Language Impairments (weebly.com)
● Speech and Language Impairments | Center for Parent Information and Resources (parentcenterhub.org)
● Speech Sound Disorders
Resources
● Early Identification of Speech, Language, and Hearing Disorders
● Signs of Speech and Language Disorders
● The SLP’s Guide to Language Screenings
● Social, Emotional, & Academic Impact of Speech Errors
● Speech/Language Impairments Characteristics
● Impact of Speech on Social and Emotional Development
● Long-Term Social Effects of Language Disorders

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Presented by: Candace Boudreaux, Natalie

● Childhood Apraxia of Speech - Difficulty making accurate movements when speaking

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