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    CRSI Manual To Design RC Diaphragms - Part22

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    Adam Michael Green
    This document provides a step-by-step design procedure for reinforced concrete diaphragms. It outlines 8 steps: 1) selecting materials, 2) determining thickness, 3) determining design forces, 4) classifying the diaphragm and selecting an analysis model, 5) determining combined load effects, 6) determining chord reinforcement, and 7) determining diaphragm shear reinforcement. Flowcharts are provided to help determine thickness requirements, design forces, load combinations, chord reinforcement requirements, and other aspects of the design procedure. Equations, tables, and figures from previous chapters are referenced.

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    CRSI Manual To Design RC Diaphragms - Part22

    Uploaded by

    Adam Michael Green
    48 views4 pages
    This document provides a step-by-step design procedure for reinforced concrete diaphragms. It outlines 8 steps: 1) selecting materials, 2) determining thickness, 3) determining design forces, 4) classifying the diaphragm and selecting an analysis model, 5) determining combined load effects, 6) determining chord reinforcement, and 7) determining diaphragm shear reinforcement. Flowcharts are provided to help determine thickness requirements, design forces, load combinations, chord reinforcement requirements, and other aspects of the design procedure. Equations, tables, and figures from previous chapters are referenced.

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    CRSI Manual to Design RC Diaphragms_Part22

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    This document provides a step-by-step design procedure for reinforced concrete diaphragms. It outlines 8 steps: 1) selecting materials, 2) determining thickness, 3) determining design forces, 4) classifying the diaphragm and selecting an analysis model, 5) determining combined load effects, 6) determining chord reinforcement, and 7) determining diaphragm shear reinforcement. Flowcharts are provided to help determine thickness requirements, design forces, load combinations, chord reinforcement requirements, and other aspects of the design procedure. Equations, tables, and figures from previous chapters are referenced.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    48 views4 pages

    CRSI Manual To Design RC Diaphragms - Part22

    Uploaded by

    Adam Michael Green
    This document provides a step-by-step design procedure for reinforced concrete diaphragms. It outlines 8 steps: 1) selecting materials, 2) determining thickness, 3) determining design forces, 4) classifying the diaphragm and selecting an analysis model, 5) determining combined load effects, 6) determining chord reinforcement, and 7) determining diaphragm shear reinforcement. Flowcharts are provided to help determine thickness requirements, design forces, load combinations, chord reinforcement requirements, and other aspects of the design procedure. Equations, tables, and figures from previous chapters are referenced.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Design Guide for Reinforced Concrete Diaphragms

    ⑤
    ② ①

    Slab reinforcement
    ④

    Reinforcement
    ⑥
    Equation No.
    Mark
    Type
    Method Method
    A B
    1 Chord 8.4
    2 Shear 8.6
    ③ Face of
    a 8.12 8.18
    Shear transfer wall
    A A between Bottom
    3 diaphragm and b 8.14 ─
    surface
    vertical elements
    of LFRS Top
    c 8.16 ─
    surface
    Shear transfer between
    4 8.19
    diaphragm and collectors
    5 Collector 8.27
    Tension as a result of in-plane
    ④ 6 moment due to eccentricity of 8.22
    collector forces

    Direction of analysis

    3c ⑤ ⑤

    3a Slab 3a Slab
    reinforcement reinforcement
    �typ.� �typ.�
    3b

    Dowel bar

    Method A Method B

    Section A-A

    Figure 8.19 Design and Detailing Requirements – Slabs That are Wider Than the Width of the Vertical Elements of the LFRS

    8-19
    Design Guide for Reinforced Concrete Diaphragms

    8-20
    Design Guide for Reinforced Concrete Diaphragms

    Chapter 9
    Design Procedure
    9.1 Overview
    This chapter presents a step-by-step design procedure that can be used to design and detail reinforced concrete diaphragms in
    buildings assigned to any Seismic Design Category (SDC) based on the information presented in Chapters 2 through 8 of this
    publication. References are made in the steps to the equations, tables, and figures in these chapters, and, where applicable, to
    the flowcharts that are given at the end of this chapter.

    9.2 Step 1 – Select the Materials


    The permissible specified compressive strength of the concrete can be selected from Table 2.1 based on the SDC of the build-
    ing. Similarly, the permissible reinforcing bar type and specified yield strength can be selected from ACI Table 20.2.2.4a based on
    the SDC.

    9.3 Step 2 – Determine the Diaphragm Thickness


    Determine the diaphragm thickness based on each of the following requirements:

    1. Serviceability (Section 3.2)


    a. One-way slabs (Table 3.1)
    b. Two-way slabs (Tables 3.2 and 3.3 and Figure 3.1)
    3. Out-of-plane shear (Section 3.4)
    a. One-way shear
    i. One-way slabs [Equation (3.9)]
    ii. Two-way slabs [Equation (3.10)]
    b. Two-way shear (Equations (3.11) and (3.12), and for flat plates, Figure 3.7)
    3. Minimum thickness for buildings assigned to SDC D, E, or F (Section 3.6)
    4. Fire resistance (Sections 3.5 and 3.6)
    The flowchart in Figure 9.1 can be used to determine the required thickness based on these requirements.

    After Step 5 is complete (see Section 9.6), the minimum thickness based on in-plane shear requirements needs to be deter-
    mined using Equation (3.1) or (3.2). If it is found that in-plane shear requirements govern, the corresponding required slab thick-
    ness must be used in the reanalysis of the system and in all subsequent calculations.

    In the case of one-way slab systems, a practical initial estimate for the slab thickness is that required for serviceability. This
    is also appropriate for two-way slab systems with beams. In-plane and out-of-plane strength requirements are often satisfied
    based on that slab thickness. For two-way slab systems without beams, an initial slab thickness that satisfies two-way shear re-
    quirements at an edge column bending perpendicular to the edge is usually sufficient for in-plane strength requirements as well.

    9.4 Step 3 – Determine the Diaphragm Design Forces


    The following design forces must be determined, where applicable:

    1. In-plane
    a. Wind (Section 4.2.1)
    b. General structural integrity (Section 4.2.2)
    c. Seismic (Section 4.2.3)
    d. Soil (Section 4.2.4)
    e. Flood and tsunami (Section 4.2.5)
    f. Transfer (Section 4.3)
    g. Anchorage and connection (Section 4.4)
    h. Column bracing (Section 4.5)
    2. Out-of-plane (Section 4.6)
    3. Collector (Section 4.7)
    The flowchart in Figure 9.2 can be used to determine the required forces on a diaphragm.

    9-1
    Design Guide for Reinforced Concrete Diaphragms

    9.5 S
     tep 4 – Determine the Classification of the Diaphragm, Select the Diaphragm
    Model, and Determine Diaphragm Internal Forces
    The in-plane stiffness of a diaphragm can be determined using an analysis model based on any set of reasonable and consistent
    assumptions. Diaphragms can be classified as rigid, semirigid, or flexible using the information obtained from the analysis. Sec-
    tion 6.2 contains information on how to classify diaphragms.

    An analysis model in ACI 12.4.2.4 must be selected to determine internal forces in the diaphragm. Information on beam models
    is given in Section 6.4.

    The flowchart in Figure 9.3 can be used to determine in-plane reactions in a diaphragm subjected to wind and inertial forces us-
    ing the corrected equivalent beam model with spring supports in Section 6.4.3.

    9.6 Step 5 – Determine the Combined Load Effects


    Combined load effects are determined using the applicable strength design load combinations in ACI 5.3 and ASCE/SEI 2.3. A
    summary of the strength design load combinations is given in Table 5.1. The seismic load combinations that are to be used in lieu
    of those in Table 5.1 where seismic load effects with overstrength are required are given in Section 5.2. Governing load combi-
    nations based on the SDC that the building is assigned to and corresponding direction of loading requirements are given in the
    following sections:

    1. SDC A and B – Sections 5.2 and 5.3


    2. SDC C – Sections 5.2 and 5.4
    3. SDC D, E, and F – Sections 5.2 and 5.5
    The flowchart in Figure 9.4 can be used to determine load combinations based on the SDC and whether orthogonal load interac-
    tion effects on a structure must be considered or not.

    9.7 Step 6 – Determine the Chord Reinforcement


    The required area of chord reinforcement for in-plane bending moments in a rigid diaphragm based on a beam model can be
    determined using the information in Section 8.4.

    The flowchart in Figure 9.5 can be used to determine the required area and location of chord reinforcement.

    9.8 Step 7 – Determine the Diaphragm Shear Reinforcement


    Information on how to calculate the required shear reinforcement in a diaphragm is given in Section 8.5.

    The flowchart in Figure 9.6 can be used to determine the required area of shear reinforcement.

    9.9 Step 8 – Determine the Shear Transfer Reinforcement


    Section 8.6 contains information on how to determine the following types of shear transfer reinforcement:

    1. B
     etween the diaphragm and the vertical elements of the LFRS for two construction methods with collector elements that
    have the same width as and that are wider than the vertical elements of the LFRS that they frame into
    2. Between the diaphragm and collector elements
    The flowchart in Figure 9.7 can be used to determine the required areas of shear transfer reinforcement.

    9.10 Step 9 – Determine the Reinforcement Due to Eccentricity of Collector Forces


    A method to determine the required area of reinforcement in a diaphragm due eccentricity of collector forces is given in Section
    8.7. This is applicable where collector elements are wider than the vertical elements of the LFRS that they frame into.

    The flowchart in Figure 9.8 can be used to determine the area of reinforcement due to eccentricity of collector forces.

    9.11 Step 10 – Determine the Anchorage and Connection Reinforcement


    Information on how to calculate the required area of anchorage and connection reinforcement due to wind and seismic forces is
    given in Section 8.8.
    The area of shear transfer reinforcement determined in Step 8 is usually determined first. It is subsequently compared to the
    required area of anchorage or connection reinforcement and the larger of the two areas must be used.

    The flowchart in Figure 9.9 can be used to determine the area of anchorage and connection reinforcement.

    9-2

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