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Reading Test
55 M I NU TES, 4 2 QUESTIONS
Turn to Section 1 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
Each passage or pair of passages below is followed by a number of questions. After reading
each passage or pair, choose the best answer to each question based on what is stated or
implied in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics (such as a table or
graph).
Questions 1-8 are based on the following passage. and her knee and she is limping. Parviz holds her
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
This passage is adapted from the story “The Flowers of

under the arm. He takes out his handkerchief and
Shiraz” by Goli Taraghi. ©2013 by Goli Taraghi. Translation ties it around her knee. The Flowers of Shiraz smirk
©2013 by Sara Khalili. The passage is set in Tehran, Iran, in 30 and snicker out of spite and jealousy. Parviz’s bicycle
1953. The Flowers of Shiraz is a teenage dance group. is large. We put Gol-Maryam behind him. She is
Gol-Maryam is the schoolmate of the other young clumsy and shy and doesn’t know what to do with
characters in the passage. her hands. She is holding her legs out and away from
the back wheel and she won’t sit tight against Parviz.
Finally, with fear and foreboding, she agrees. She
35 I’m sure they will fall. We set off. I hear Gol-Maryam
says she will come early and leave early.
scream, but I don’t look back. We speed down the
“Maybe I'll come with my father,” she says.
incline of Baghe Ferdows. Parviz overtakes everyone.
Line “Forget it! Are you nuts? Your dad on a bicycle?
Gol-Maryam, her eyes wide with fear and her mouth
5 With us?”
open and ready to scream, is staring straight ahead.
She laughs and hangs up.
40 She has wrapped her arms tight around Parviz’s
Wednesday afternoon, right on time, she arrives
waist. The wind is blowing through her hair and
at Zafaranieh Street with her chauffeur Javad Agha.
under her skirt. The Flowers of Shiraz are still
She doesn’t have a bicycle. She dismisses Javad Agha
smirking. The narrow alley and back roads of Elahieh
10 and stands next to me like someone who has never
are filled with pleasant shadows. We stop in front of
seen a street, a car, or creatures with two legs. She is
45 Amini Garden. There is a wide stream that flows at
afraid of crossing the street, she screams and grabs
the foot of the garden walls and under the trees. The
hold of the back of my bicycle. Our group consists of
water is cool and clear. It comes from Mrs.
a few classmates, two of the Flowers of Shiraz (so far,
Fakhrodolleh’s reservoir. We take off our shoes, put
15 all girls), two of my cousins (boys), and two of the
our feet in the stream, and wash our face and hands.
neighborhood guys (Homayoun and Parviz).
50 Gol-Maryam’s face is flushed and she’s panting. She
Gol-Maryam feels out of place. She regrets having
pats some water on her face and then she, too, takes
come, but she has no way back. She is happier with
off her shoes and dips her feet in the stream.
her father. The jokes, the pranks, the screaming and
The Flowers of Shiraz splash water on each other and
20 shouting, and everything we talk about is new to her.
chase after one another. It is a pleasant game on such
She doesn’t understand our language. Worst of all,
55 a hot day. Gol-Maryam hides behind a huge tree.
she doesn’t have a bicycle. She climbs up behind me.
I think she will start crying any minute now. But no.
She fidgets. She’s scared and wants to get off. At the
She hops from behind one tree to the next and
corner, she jumps off before I have time to stop. She
splashes water on Parviz and laughs.
25 loses her balance and falls. We stop. The cousins start We ride out to Rumi Bridge and turn back. We
grumbling. Gol-Maryam has scratches on her hands 60 make plans to go to Tajrish Bridge on Friday night.
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1 4
Which choice best describes a main theme of the According to the passage, The Flowers of Shiraz
passage? mock Gol-Maryam because
A) Courage emerges when close friends are near. A) she does not know how to swim.
B) Trust is the basis upon which friendships are B) they resent and envy her.
built. C) she does not have a bicycle.
C) It is easier for one to choose what is comfortable D) they dislike her family.
instead of what the majority wants.

D) Facing one’s fears leads to new and meaningful
experiences. 5
As used in line 37, “overtakes” most nearly means
2 A) frightens.
The author includes the conversation in lines 1-6 B) passes.
(“Finally . . . hangs up”) most likely to C) surprises.
A) create a tense mood by showing that D) tricks.
Gol-Maryam’s decisions are in contrast to her

father’s advice.
B) set the scene by revealing that Gol-Maryam is 6
not comfortable with what she is about to do. As used in line 38, “eyes wide with fear” most
C) lay a foundation for the plot by explaining why strongly suggests that Gol-Maryam
Gol-Maryam is uneasy around other people. A) is worried about getting in trouble with her
D) introduce the setting to provide context for father.
Gol-Maryam’s actions. B) has a look of excitement on her face.
C) can see danger that others cannot.
3 D) is startled and anxious about what is happening.
Which choice best supports the idea that
Gol-Maryam “feels out of place” (line 17) when
she is with her schoolmates?
A) Lines 19-20 (“The jokes . . . her”)
B) Lines 23-24 (“At the corner . . . stop”)
C) Lines 25-27 (“The cousins . . . limping”)
D) Lines 53-55 (“The Flowers . . . tree”)

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Questions 9-16 are based on the following
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
7
passage and supplementary material.
At the end of the passage, it can reasonably be
inferred that the narrator This passage is adapted from Patrick Tucker, “The
Over-Mediated World.” ©2007 by The World Future Society.
A) is surprised by Gol-Maryam’s playfulness.
The average American spends more time using
B) is angry that Gol-Maryam is splashing Parviz.
media—an iPod, computer, radio, television,
C) realizes that Gol-Maryam was only pretending to etc.—than in any other wakeful activity, almost nine
be afraid. Line hours a day. Ubiquitous news, e-mail, and
D) feels bad that the girls had misjudged 5 entertainment are facts of modern life and, not
Gol-Maryam’s character. surprisingly, most of us feel that convenient and
consistent access to the digital world is a good thing.
But what if our new “connected age” is actually
8 pushing us further apart, making us not more
10 informed, but less so? This is the concern of
Which choice provides the best evidence for the
Michael Bugeja, director of the Greenlee School of
answer to the previous question?
Journalism and Communication at Iowa State
A) Line 31 (“We put . . . him”)
University and author of Interpersonal Divide: The
B) Lines 42-43 (“The Flowers . . . smirking”)
Search for Community in the Technological Age
15 (Oxford, 2005).
C) Line 56 (“I think . . . no”)
“Family time at the dinner table used to be
D) Lines 57-58 (“She hops . . . laughs”)
sacrosanct. Nutritionists and psychologists will tell
you that having dinner together uninterrupted is a
good thing. We moved from that to ‘quality time,’
20 where both parents were working. Now we’ve gone
from family time to quality time to media time, or
defining activities around media. We spend time
together by using media in proximity to one another,
in the same house or in the same car, but the media
25 itself is often separate,” says Bugeja. By way of
example, he points to the common sight of parents
driving and talking on their cell phones while their
kids sit in the backseat and watch a DVD.
“The more we use technology, the less time we
30 have to nurture our primary relationships,” says
Bugeja. “The reason is simple: Communications
systems alter value systems. We’re spending more
time communicating via social networks, ignoring
those in our immediate environment. Meanwhile,
35 television viewing devours leisure time. Of course
we’re lonely most of the day. We’re searching for
meaningful relationships in front of screens and
monitors.”
The amount of time we spend immersed in the
40 media environment affects the way we behave and
interact outside of that space. Students who have
wireless capability on their laptops feel more entitled
to log onto social networking Web sites during
lectures. The intern who has a video game loaded
45 onto his cell phone is most likely to be the one

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playing the game under the table during an While Bugeja doesn’t imagine the situation will
.............................................................................................
important meeting. The harried professional is more change quickly or easily, he does acknowledge that a
inclined to take a call in the middle of a concert, solution exists. “The key is to nurture interpersonal
during dinner, or at some other inappropriate time. 65 intelligence,” he says. “That’s the ability to know
50 Media, in its very availability, invites abuse, when, where, and for what purpose technology is
according to Bugeja. When such techno-abuses appropriate or inappropriate. I don’t believe this
become commonplace they cease to be taboo, a is a problem of the emerging generation. I think
phenomenon Bugeja refers to as “digital this is a problem of the profiteers of new media. I
displacement.” 70 believe the solution is, as it’s always been in this
55 He describes digital displacement as what country, education and information.”
happens when the demands of the real world conflict
with those of the virtual, resulting in too many
people paying too much attention to gadgets and
ignoring reality, such as drivers interfacing with
60 navigation computers instead of looking out for
pedestrians.
Time Spent (in minutes) with Media per Person per Day
400
350
Mean time (minutes)
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
t ng o es ic
TV ne di di m us
ter a Ra a M
In Re G
Adapted from Robert A. Papper et al., “Middletown Media Studies.” ©2004 by

International Digital Media & Art Association.

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9 13
The main idea of the passage is that As used in line 35, “devours” most nearly means
A) social media are helping people replace old A) affects.
relationships with new ones. B) consumes.
B) media are causing people to interact less with C) destroys.
others in the real world.

D) overcomes.
C) social media are affecting the way in which

young people relate to adults.
D) media are helping people establish relationships 14
with people all around the world.
In the passage, Michael Bugeja indicates that
A) media are inappropriate to use except in an
10 emergency situation.
The author uses the example in lines 25-28 B) future generations will know better how to
(“By way . . . DVD”) mainly to support the assertion generate income from media.
that families today C) teachers find it useful to have students use media
A) are spending time together in less meaningful for learning in a classroom setting.
ways than they used to. D) people are focused more on media than on their
B) no longer spend time with each other in the immediate surroundings.
same house.
C) are finding positive ways to include media in the 15
time they spend together.
D) no longer have dinner together without the

intrusion of technology.
A) Lines 39-41 (“The amount . . . space”)
B) Lines 50-51 (“Media . . . Bugeja”)
11
C) Lines 55-61 (“He describes . . . pedestrians”)

D) Lines 68-69 (“I think . . . media”)
A) Lines 17-19 (“Nutritionists . . . thing”)
B) Lines 19-20 (“We moved . . . working”)

16
C) Lines 20-22 (“Now . . . around media”)
According to the graph, on average, a person spends
more time per day using the Internet than
D) Lines 35-36 (“Of course . . . day”)
A) watching television.
B) reading.
12
C) listening to the radio.
As used in line 30, “primary” most nearly means

D) playing games.
A) guiding.
B) extremely basic.
C) original.
D) most important.
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Questions 17-25 are based on the following “In the cave on Andros, we expected to find
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
passage and supplementary material. something similar, but the hydrogen sulfide layer
This passage is adapted from Charles Q. Choi, “Strange Life
45 there contained different types of bacteria,” Iliffe
Found in Underwater Caves.” ©2013 by TechMedia added. “It shows that the caves tend to have life
Network. forms that adapt to that particular habitat, and we
found that some types of the bacteria could live in
Clues to how life evolved, not only on this planet environments where no other forms of life could
but also possibly on alien worlds, might be found in 50 survive. This research shows how these bacteria have
underwater caves in the Bahamas, researchers say. evolved over millions of years and have found a way
Line The caves in question are called “blue holes,” to live under these extreme conditions.”
5 so-named because from the air, their entrances
appear circular in shape, with different shades of blue ‘Natural laboratories’
water in and around them. There are estimated to be The fact that each cave has different conditions
more than 1,000 such caves in the Bahamas, the from the others and thus a different palette of life
greatest concentration of blue holes in the world. 55 helps scientists analyze the diverse routes life might
10 “It’s really incredible to be swimming down a have taken on Earth, given slight tweaks in their
passage that no one has ever been in before, to initial brews.
experience that thrill of discovery,” said researcher “These bacterial forms of life may be similar to
Tom Iliffe, a marine biologist at Texas A&M microbes that existed on early Earth and thus
University at Galveston. “At the bottom of a cave, 60 provide a glimpse of how life evolved on this planet,”
15 there’s no telling what might be around the next Iliffe explained. “These caves are natural laboratories
corner.” where we can study life existing under conditions
Iliffe and his colleagues examined three inland analogous to what was present many millions of
blue holes in the Bahamas. They discovered that years ago.”
layers of bacteria exist in all three, but each of these 65 Specifically, “these caves have no light and
20 water-filled sinkholes had significantly different therefore no photosynthetic production of oxygen,
microbes living in them from the others. which means the dissolved oxygen levels are either
“We’re finding new forms of life that are low or nonexistent, similar to the environments that
totally unknown elsewhere on Earth,” Iliffe told probably existed on the early Earth,” Iliffe said.
OurAmazingPlanet. 70 These findings might also shed light on how life
might have developed on distant planets and moons.
Blue hole bacteria “As far as we know, no surface waters currently
25 Within each blue hole, the microbes the exist anywhere else in our solar system, but there
researchers found varied depending on the depth, might be water beneath the surface, say on Mars or
owing to how the water in them was separated into 75 moons like Europa,” Iliffe said. “These are areas of
distinct fresh- and saltwater layers as well as total darkness, and so the caves on Earth we are
oxygen-poor or virtually completely oxygen-depleted exploring might be similar.”
30 layers. The blue holes also varied from each other
due to differences such as food sources.
“We examined two caves on Abaco Island and

one on Andros Island,” Iliffe said. “One on Abaco, at
a depth of about 100 feet (30 meters), had sheets of
35 bacteria that were attached to the walls of the caves,
almost one inch (2.5 centimeters) thick. Another
cave on the same island had bacteria living within
poisonous clouds of hydrogen sulfide at the
boundary between fresh- and saltwater. These caves
40 had different forms of bacteria, with the types and
density changing as the light source from above grew
dimmer and dimmer.”

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Bacterial Cells per Milliliter in a Blue Hole
(Lucayan Caverns, Grand Bahama Island, Bahamas)
Sample location
Depth below
water surface Water Rock core at a distance into cave wall of
(m) adjacent to
cave wall 2.0 cm 4.0 cm 6.0 cm 8.0 cm
13.9
68,077 737,904 479,843 144,045 32,945
(freshwater)
14.0
(freshwater/ 88,024 1,321,295 325,611 33,458 19,756
salt water mix)
15.9
157,326 510,504 193,642 75,787 23,291
(salt water)
Adapted from S. J. Schwabe, R. Herbert, and J. L. Carew, “A Hypothesis for Biogenic Cave Formation:
A Study Conducted in the Bahamas.” ©2008 by Gerace Research Center.
.................................................................................................................................................................
17 18
Which statement best describes the overall structure Based on the passage, Iliffe’s perspective on studying
of the passage? the blue holes is that it is
A) The author describes a discovery in underwater A) challenging to understand why the water in the
caves, and then explains why the discovery is caves has such unique properties.
important. B) perplexing to find so many strange life-forms in
B) The author presents an argument for conducting unexpected places.
additional research in underwater caves, and C) dangerous to venture into unexplored territories.
then gives evidence to support the argument.
D) exciting to explore the unknown.
C) The author presents a series of events that occurs
in underwater caves, and then describes how the
events are related. 19
D) The author describes a phenomenon found in
What does Iliffe’s use of the phrase “sheets of
underwater caves, and then explains what caused
bacteria” (lines 34-35) suggest about the blue hole?
the phenomenon.
A) There was a limited variety of bacterial forms in
the blue hole.
B) There was a great amount of bacteria in the
blue hole.
C) The bacteria in the blue hole were compressed at
deep levels.
D) The bacteria in the blue hole had multiple layers
of food supplies.

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20 24
Which choice best supports the conclusion that
Based on the table, which of the following supports
different types of bacteria in the deeper layers of blue
the greatest bacterial growth?
holes have adapted to varying levels of darkness?
A) Salt water adjacent to the cave wall
A) Lines 25-30 (“Within . . . layers”)
B) A mix of freshwater and salt water adjacent to
B) Lines 36-39 (“Another . . . saltwater”)
the cave wall
C) Lines 39-42 (“These . . . dimmer”)
C) A distance of 2.0 cm into the cave wall at a depth
D) Lines 53-56 (“The fact . . . Earth”)
where freshwater and salt water mix
D) A distance of 8.0 cm into the cave wall at a depth
where there is only freshwater
21
As used in line 52, “extreme” most nearly means
25
A) outermost.
Which idea from the passage is supported by the

B) severe.
information in the table?
C) thrilling.
A) Bacteria in blue holes differ from one another
D) ultimate.
due to varying food sources.
B) Bacteria have evolved over millions of years.
22 C) The density of the bacteria varies across water
depths in blue holes.
According to the passage, blue holes could help
D) The types of bacteria living in each blue hole

reveal how life may have evolved on this planet
differ significantly.
because the bacteria in the blue holes
A) can live in complete darkness.
B) can survive without food sources.
C) cannot survive without some form of air.
D) cannot be found anywhere else in the world.
23
A) Lines 43-46 (“In the cave . . . added”)
B) Lines 58-61 (“These bacterial . . . explained”)
C) Lines 65-69 (“Specifically . . . said”)
D) Lines 72-75 (“As far . . . said”)

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Questions 26-34 are based on the following We have, at last, achieved our political
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
passage. emancipation. We pledge ourselves to liberate all our

This passage is adapted from Nelson Mandela’s presidential
people from the continuing bondage of poverty,
inaugural address, delivered on May 10, 1994. For many 45 deprivation, suffering, gender and other
years, Mandela led a peaceful and nonviolent campaign discrimination.
against the South African government and its policies of We succeeded to take our last steps to freedom in
racial oppression. conditions of relative peace. We commit ourselves to
the construction of a complete, just and lasting peace.
Today, all of us do, by our presence here, and by 50 We have triumphed in the effort to implant hope
our celebrations in other parts of our country and the in the breasts of the millions of our people. We enter
world, confer glory and hope to newborn liberty. into a covenant that we shall build the society in
Line Out of the experience of an extraordinary human which all South Africans, both black and white, will
5 disaster that lasted too long, must be born a society be able to walk tall, without any fear in their hearts,
of which all humanity will be proud. 55 assured of their inalienable right to human
Our daily deeds as ordinary South Africans must dignity—a rainbow nation at peace with itself and the
produce an actual South African reality that will world.
reinforce humanity’s belief in justice, strengthen its As a token of its commitment to the renewal of
10 confidence in the nobility of the human soul and our country, the new Interim Government of
sustain all our hopes for a glorious life for all. 60 National Unity will, as a matter of urgency, address
All this we owe both to ourselves and to the the issue of amnesty for various categories of our
peoples of the world who are so well represented here people who are currently serving terms of
today. imprisonment.
15 To my compatriots, I have no hesitation in saying We dedicate this day to all the heroes and
that each one of us is as intimately attached to the 65 heroines in this country and the rest of the world
soil of this beautiful country as are the famous who sacrificed in many ways and surrendered their
jacaranda trees of Pretoria and the mimosa trees of lives so that we could be free.
the bushveld. Their dreams have become reality. Freedom is
20 Each time one of us touches the soil of this land, their reward.
we feel a sense of personal renewal. The national 70 We are both humbled and elevated by the honour
mood changes as the seasons change. and privilege that you, the people of South Africa,
We are moved by a sense of joy and exhilaration have bestowed on us, as the first President of a
when the grass turns green and the flowers bloom. united, democratic, non-racial and non-sexist South
25 That spiritual and physical oneness we all share Africa, to lead our country out of the valley of
with this common homeland explains the depth of 75 darkness.
the pain we all carried in our hearts as we saw our We understand it still that there is no easy road to
country tear itself apart in a terrible conflict, and as freedom.
we saw it spurned, outlawed and isolated by the We know it well that none of us acting alone can
30 peoples of the world, precisely because it has become achieve success.
the universal base of the pernicious ideology and 80 We must therefore act together as a united people,
practice of racism and racial oppression. for national reconciliation, for nation building, for
We, the people of South Africa, feel fulfilled that the birth of a new world.
humanity has taken us back into its bosom, that we,
35 who were outlaws not so long ago, have today been
given the rare privilege to be host to the nations of
the world on our own soil. . . .
The time for the healing of the wounds has come.
The moment to bridge the chasms that divide us
40 has come.
The time to build is upon us.

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26 29
The main purpose of the passage is to Mandela implies that for the nation to achieve its
A) convince the South African people to support a potential, it is most important that
new form of government. A) the South African people regain confidence in
B) reprimand other countries for abandoning their political system.
South Africa in a time of great need. B) the South African people live each day with
C) remember the hardships the South African integrity.
people overcame to secure freedom. C) other countries send representatives to make
D) encourage the South African people to come peace with South Africa.
together in rebuilding their nation. D) other countries recognize South Africa as a free
country.
27
30
Which choice best summarizes the passage?
A) Humankind is capable of evil under oppression Which choice provides the best evidence for the
and greatness when granted freedom. answer to the previous question?
B) It was the sacrifices of ordinary citizens that A) Lines 7-11 (“Our . . . for all”)
ended the conflict in the nation of South Africa. B) Lines 12-14 (“All . . . today”)
C) Although racial oppression wounded the C) Lines 33-37 (“We, the people . . . soil”)
country of South Africa, a new season of peace D) Lines 42-43 (“We have . . . emancipation”)
and liberty will heal it.

D) Although nations across the globe promised to
work together to put an end to racism, many 31
countries failed to respond to South Africa’s plea
As used in line 23, “moved” most nearly means
for help.
A) changed.
B) stirred.
28
C) relocated.
Mandela includes the statement in lines 4-6 most D) postponed.
likely to convey the idea that

A) time will eventually heal the wounds of South
Africa’s broken society. 32
B) extraordinary South African heroes have Mandela’s purpose for repeating the phrases “the
emerged from extraordinary hardships. time” and “has come” in lines 38-41 is most likely to
C) the best way to overcome disaster is to resist the A) suggest that building something new will cause
urge to focus on South Africa’s past. faster healing.
D) South African society must learn from its failings B) reinforce the claim that old wounds must be
in order to shape a better future. healed before people can move forward.
C) emphasize the idea that the time for action is the
present.
D) contrast the difference between times of war and
times of peace.
Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. CO NTI N U E
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Questions 35-42 are based on the following
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33
passages.
Based on the passage, which choice most closely
describes Mandela’s perspective on freedom? Passage 1 is adapted from Lori J. Keesey, “Blacker Than
Black.” Published December 2010 on NASA’s website.
A) Freedom is a privilege people earn, not a right Passage 2 is adapted from Clifford A. Pickover, The Physics
they have from birth. Book: From the Big Bang to Quantum Resurrection, 250
B) Freedom is not easily attainable, but it is worth Milestones in the History of Physics. ©2011 by
fighting for. Clifford A. Pickover.
C) The freedom enjoyed in times of peace must be Passage 1

sacrificed in times of war. Black is black, right? Not so, according to a team
of NASA engineers now developing a
D) The freedom of a nation is more important than blacker-than-pitch material that will help scientists
the freedom of individuals. Line gather hard-to-obtain scientific measurements or
5 observe currently unseen astronomical objects, like
Earth-sized planets in orbit around other stars.
34 The nanotech-based material now being
Which of the following does Mandela suggest is most developed by a team of 10 technologists at the NASA
important to ensuring South Africa’s continued Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., is a
progress? 10 thin coating of multi-walled carbon nanotubes—tiny
hollow tubes made of pure carbon about
A) Unity among the people
10,000 times thinner than a strand of human hair.
B) Pride in the land Nanotubes have a multitude of potential uses,
C) Celebration of fallen heroes and heroines particularly in electronics and advanced materials
15 due to their unique electrical properties and
D) Investigation of past wrongs
extraordinary strength. But in this application,
NASA is interested in using the technology to help
suppress errant light that has a funny way of
ricocheting off instrument components and
20 contaminating measurements.
“This is a technology that offers a lot of payback,”
said engineer Leroy Sparr, who is assessing its
effectiveness on the Ocean Radiometer for Carbon
Assessment (ORCA), a next-generation instrument
25 that is designed to measure marine photosynthesis.
“It’s about 10 times better than black paint” typically
used by NASA instrument designers to suppress
stray light, he said.
The technology works because of its
30 super-absorption abilities. The nanotubes themselves
are packed vertically much like a shag rug. The tiny
gaps between the tubes absorb 99.5 percent of the
light that hits them. In other words, very few photons
are reflected off the carbon-nanotube coating, which
35 means that stray light cannot reflect off surfaces and
interfere with the light that scientists actually want to
measure. The human eye sees the material as black
because only a small fraction of light reflects off the
material.

1 1
The team began working on the technology in than black paint! This “ultimate black” may one day
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
40
2007. Unbeknownst to the group, the be used to more efficiently capture energy from the
New York–based Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Sun or to design more sensitive optical instruments.
also had initiated a similar effort and announced in 85 To limit reflection of light shining upon the
2008 that its researchers had developed the darkest superblack material, the researchers made the surface
45 carbon nanotube-based material ever made—more of the nanotube carpet irregular and rough. A
than three times darker than the previous record. significant portion of light is “trapped” in the tiny
“Our material isn’t quite as dark as theirs,” said gaps between the loosely packed carpet strands.
John Hagopian, the principal investigator leading the
development team. “But what we’re developing is
50 10 times blacker than current NASA paints that 35
suppress system stray light. Furthermore, it will be
robust for space applications,” he said. Based on Passage 1, what can be reasonably inferred
That is an important distinction, said Carl Stahle, about the nanotubes in NASA’s new black material?
assistant chief of technology for Goddard’s A) They are the strongest nanomaterial yet to be
55 Instrument Systems and Technology Division. Not discovered.
all technology can be used in space because of the B) They efficiently create electricity by attracting
harsh environmental conditions encountered there. energy.
“That’s the real strength of this effort,” Stahle said.
“The group is finding ways to apply new technology C) They are able to take measurements in space.
60 and fly it on our instruments.” D) They are invisible to the naked eye.
Passage 2
All manmade materials, even asphalt and
36
charcoal, reflect some amount of light—but this has
not prevented futurists from dreaming of a perfect Which choice from Passage 1 provides the best
black material that absorbs all the colors of light evidence for the answer to the previous question?
65 while reflecting nothing back. In 2008, reports began A) Lines 7-12 (“The nanotech-based . . . hair”)
to circulate about a group of U.S. scientists who had

made the “blackest black,” a superblack—the B) Lines 13-16 (“Nanotubes . . . strength”)
“darkest ever” substance known to science. The C) Lines 29-30 (“The technology . . . abilities”)
exotic material was created from carbon nanotubes D) Lines 59-60 (“The group . . . instruments”)
70 that resemble sheets of carbon, only an atom thick,

curled into a cylindrical shape. Theoretically, a
perfect black material would absorb light of any 37
wavelength shined on it at all angles.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute The author uses the word “funny” in line 18 to most
75 and Rice University had constructed and studied a likely
microscopic carpet of the nanotubes. In some sense, A) convey that the light’s behavior is unpredictable.
we can think of the “roughness” of this carpet as

being adjusted to minimize the reflectance of light. B) suggest that the scientists’ work is humorous.
The black carpet contained tiny nanotubes that C) describe the strangeness of a new technology.
80 reflect only 0.045 percent of all light shined upon the D) criticize a new technology as insufficient.
substance. This black is more than 100 times darker

1 1
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
38 41
As used in line 51, “suppress” most nearly means
The authors of Passage 1 and Passage 2 would most
A) conceal.
likely agree that
B) eliminate.
A) scientists need to work harder to discover more
new technologies.
C) censor.
B) materials that resemble human-made objects are

D) overpower.
the most effective for measuring space.
C) superblack nanotubes have the potential to help
39 in fields other than space exploration.
D) any type of new scientific discovery requires
The last paragraph of Passage 2 serves mainly to
years of hard work.
A) reveal how the material’s new properties were
discovered.
B) reinforce the author's point about the complexity 42
of nanotechnology. Which choice from Passage 2 provides the best
C) emphasize the significance of the innovation. evidence for the answer to the previous question?
D) summarize the scientists’ research. A) Lines 61-65 (“All . . . back”)
B) Lines 74-76 (“Researchers . . . nanotubes”)
40 C) Lines 79-81 (“The black . . . substance”)
D) Lines 82-84 (“This . . . instruments”)
What main purpose do Passages 1 and 2 share?

A) To convince readers of the importance of space
exploration
B) To explain to readers the processes used in the
development of nanomaterials
C) To describe a recent advance in one area of
nanotechnology
D) To show the need for partnership among the
different branches of science
STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this section only.
Do not turn to any other section.
Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. 14

No Test Material On This Page
2 2
Writing and Language Test

3 0 M I N U TE S, 4 0 QU EST IONS
Each passage below is accompanied by a number of questions. For some questions, you
will consider how the passage might be revised to improve the expression of ideas. For
other questions, you will consider how the passage might be edited to correct errors in
sentence structure, usage, or punctuation. A passage or a question may be accompanied by
one or more graphics (such as a table or graph) that you will consider as you make revising
and editing decisions.
Some questions will direct you to an underlined portion of a passage. Other questions will
direct you to a location in a passage or ask you to think about the passage as a whole.
After reading each passage, choose the answer to each question that most effectively
improves the quality of writing in the passage or that makes the passage conform to the
conventions of standard written English. Many questions include a “NO CHANGE” option.
Choose that option if you think the best choice is to leave the relevant portion of the
passage as it is.
Questions 1-10 are based on the following passage.

...................................................................................................................................
1
A) NO CHANGE
The Shipment to Jefferson B) collected; during
In 1805, United States President Thomas Jefferson C) collected, it was during
D) collected during
received a shipment that he had been eagerly
anticipating. It included four boxes, two trunks, and three
cages. Inside these containers were hundreds of items
that explorers Meriwether Lewis and William Clark had
1 collected. During their exploration of the nation’s
westernmost territories. Opening the containers,

2 2
Jefferson found such items as pressed plants, soil, bones,
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
2
and even live animals. The collection also 2 included in A) NO CHANGE
B) included, along with the plants, soil, bones, and
addition to the plants, soil, bones, and animals objects
animals,
that Lewis and Clark had acquired through their dealings C) included, besides the plants, soil, bones, and
animals,
with American Indian tribes. 3
D) included
One goal of Lewis and Clark’s journey, which
extended from St. Louis, Missouri, all the way to the
3
Pacific Ocean, 4 were forging relationships with the At this point, the writer is considering adding the
American Indian tribes who lived in those areas. During following sentence.
The Jefferson administration had purchased
827,000 square miles of land west of the
Mississippi from France for about 15 million
dollars.
Should the writer make this addition here?
A) Yes, because it provides details that support the
previous sentence’s claim about acquiring
objects.
B) Yes, because it helps explain why Lewis and
Clark’s journey was historically important.
C) No, because it contains information that repeats
what has already been stated.
D) No, because it interrupts the discussion of Lewis
and Clark’s collection with a poorly integrated
detail.
4
A) NO CHANGE
B) was
C) are
D) is

2 2
their travels, Lewis and Clark encountered over fifty
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
5
5 tribes. With each interaction, Lewis and Clark The writer is considering revising the underlined
portion to the following.
exchanged gifts with the tribe members as a gesture of
tribes, including the Sioux, Mandan, Shoshone,
respect and indication of their willingness to trade. and Nez Perce.
[1] The gifts from Lewis and Clark to the tribes Should the writer make this revision?
included 6 weapons, kettles for cooking, and medicine. A) Yes, because it provides additional relevant
information about Lewis and Clark’s encounters
[2] In exchange, the tribe members gave them feather with American Indian tribes.
and quill garments, pipes, and canoes, among other B) Yes, because it gives details that tell more about
Lewis and Clark’s daily life on the journey.
7 objects they gave them. [3] One notable gift in the
C) No, because it provides information that is
collection was a Mandan buffalo robe. [4] Lewis and unrelated to the paragraph’s point about the
American Indian tribes.
Clark included a note in the shipment explaining that the
D) No, because it doesn’t fully explain why the
robe represented a legendary battle involving the Mandan tribes would exchange gifts with Lewis and
Clark.
tribe. [5] Jefferson designated these gifts as “tokens of
friendship.” 8
6
A) NO CHANGE
B) weapons; kettles for cooking and
C) weapons, kettles for cooking; and
D) weapons, kettles for cooking, and,
7
A) NO CHANGE
B) stuff they gave.
C) objects.
D) stuff.
8
To make this paragraph most logical, sentence 2
should be placed
A) where it is now.
B) after sentence 3.
C) after sentence 4.
D) after sentence 5.
2 2
Jefferson had a deep interest in the objects Lewis and
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
9
Clark had shipped to him. In the entrance hall of his Which sentence, if added here, would most
effectively introduce the topic of the paragraph?
home, Monticello, he displayed the artifacts that Lewis
A) Jefferson hoped to sell many of the items in
and Clark had sent him, including the Mandan robe. hopes of paying off the national debt of the
United States.
9 Jefferson donated some of the items to different
B) One original item from the Jefferson shipment
museums and kept others at Monticello, but over the still displayed at Monticello is the set of elk
antlers Lewis and Clark sent.
years many of the items were lost, destroyed, or stolen.
C) Unfortunately, the contents of the shipment,
However, modern artists have been able to re-create the including the Indian artifacts, have not been
preserved intact.
Monticello exhibit by fabricating artifacts such 10 as:
D) Other artifacts that Jefferson displayed at his
weaponry, paintings, hide robes, and a replica of the home were items from Egypt and maps from all
over the world.
famous Mandan buffalo robe.
10
A) NO CHANGE
B) as
C) as;
D) as—

2 2
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
11
Which sentence provides the best transition to the
Learning about Lemurs next paragraph?
A) NO CHANGE
Lemurs, a type of primate whose ancestors came to
B) Scientists are studying why the lemurs left the
the island of Madagascar roughly 65 million years ago, African mainland in order to understand the
animals’ cognitive evolution.
have lived there ever since in isolation from other
C) Scientists are excited to discover the cognitive
primates. Those other primates, who stayed behind on abilities of both lemurs and simian primates.
the African mainland, evolved into the simian group: D) Scientists have studied the cognitive abilities of
simian primates to gain a better understanding
monkeys and apes. 11 Scientists have compared the of lemurs and their isolated evolution.
cognitive traits of lemurs to those of the simian primates
to gain a better understanding of primate evolution. 12
According to psychologist Laurie Santos, who studies The writer is considering revising the paragraph to
remove the quotation from Santos. Assuming that
modern primates to determine when certain cognitive the revision would result in a complete sentence,
should the quotation be kept or deleted?
abilities evolved, “Lemurs are our best living model of the
A) Kept, because it fully explains the scientific
earliest primate mind.” Earlier research had suggested process Santos used.
that lemurs’ learning capacities were less sophisticated B) Kept, because it helps explain why lemurs have
been viewed as valuable research subjects.
than those of apes and monkeys. Neuroscientist Elizabeth C) Deleted, because it blurs the focus of the
Brannon’s initial research, however, gave scientists new paragraph by giving information that is not
necessary at that point.
insight into lemur intelligence. 12 D) Deleted, because it does not support the
paragraph's main point about the relationship
between lemurs and simian primates.

2 2
Both Santos and Brannon have observed behaviors
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
13
that suggest lemurs are skilled with ordered A) NO CHANGE
B) sequences a
13 sequences—a high-level cognitive trait known to be
C) sequences, and a
present in simian primates. 14 Lemurs, it seems, appear
D) sequences. A
to have quantitative abilities similar to those of apes and
monkeys, even though they diverged from 15 there 14
ancestors so long ago. This information suggests that A) NO CHANGE
B) Lemurs, apparently,
those cognitive traits were present in the primate

C) Lemurs, evidently,
ancestors.
D) Lemurs
15
A) NO CHANGE
B) their
C) they’re
D) they are

2 2
[1] In one set of trials at Brannon’s cognitive
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
16
neuroscience lab, lemurs watched a researcher place A) NO CHANGE
B) he or she
grapes one by one into an opaque bucket. [2] Brannon
C) it
and her team observed that the amount of time the
D) you
lemurs spent searching for the fruit depended on whether

16 they thought there should be more grapes left in the 17
bucket. [3] 17 For halves of those trials, the researcher A) NO CHANGE
B) Four halves
put some of the grapes into a false bottom inside the
C) For have
bucket. [4] Santos has conducted similar experiments
D) For half
with lemurs. [5] Both scientists concluded that the lemurs
have quantitative reasoning skills. [6] They based their 18
findings on the way the lemurs seemed to keep track of To make this paragraph most logical, sentence 3
should be placed
the objects they were shown. [7] They observed the same
A) where it is now.
type of reaction when a numerical outcome was different B) after sentence 1.
from what the lemurs had expected. 18 C) after sentence 5.
Scientists 19 daydream that future research will D) after sentence 6.
show whether lemurs have additional characteristics of

high-level cognition, such as social behaviors or the 19
A) NO CHANGE
ability to use language. 20 As the work of Santos and
B) pine away for future research to
Brannon shows, lemurs appear to be a key link to C) hope that future research will
understanding the origin of primate cognition. D) search with desire for future research to
20
A) NO CHANGE
B) Because of the work of Santos and Brannon,
C) Nonetheless, the work of Santos and Brannon
shows that
D) As an example of the work of Santos and
Brannon,
2 2
Questions 21-30 are based on the following passage
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
21
and supplementary material.
A) NO CHANGE
B) while allowing
Connecting in the Twenty-First Century C) that allows
Videoconferencing is a technology 21 allowing for D) allowed by
people in different locations to hold face-to-face

meetings. With videoconferencing, people can see and 22
A) NO CHANGE
talk to each other on computer or television screens
B) States in the early 1970s,
almost as if they were in the same room. Although this C) States, in the early 1970s
technology first became available for commercial use in D) States in the early 1970s
the United 22 States, in the early 1970s, it took several

decades for videoconferencing to become a practical 23
Which choice most effectively combines the
substitute for business travel. Videoconferencing
sentences at the underlined portion?
programs have significantly changed the business A) world that made
23 world. They have made it faster and easier for B) world, although they make
C) world, which makes
colleagues in different locations to hold discussions and
D) world by making
share information.
Getting to and from out-of-town meetings can be
24
expensive and exhausting. The good news is that by A) NO CHANGE
making a relatively small investment in B) heavy
C) significant
videoconferencing technologies, most companies can
D) weighty
save a 24 distinguished amount of money and time.
According to a report by the Carbon Disclosure Project, a
25
business with $1 billion or more in annual revenue could A) NO CHANGE
save nearly 900 business trips in the first year by B) First of all, the report
C) The report also
equipping four rooms as centers for videoconference
D) As mentioned previously, the report
meetings. 25 The report, however, projects that a
company could start making money back on its
investment in as little as fifteen months.
2 2
Once they are fully utilizing videoconferencing
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
26
technology, most companies 26 were very pleased with A) NO CHANGE
B) has been
the results. To better understand business 27 executive’s
C) was
attitudes about using videoconferencing technology,
D) are
Forbes magazine conducted a survey in 2009. Of the 760
business executives who responded, 92 percent reported 27
that videoconferencing saves time, and 28 88 percent A) NO CHANGE
B) executives’ attitudes
responded that videoconferencing saves money. In
C) executives attitude’s
addition, 29 some of the respondents reported that they
D) executives attitudes’
prefer videoconferences because they increase
productivity. 28
Which choice most accurately represents the data in
the chart?
A) NO CHANGE
B) executives noted that videoconferencing reduced
their budgets by 88 percent.
C) another 88 percent agreed that
videoconferencing is more convenient.
D) executives use videoconferencing for 88 percent
of their meetings.
29
Which choice most accurately and precisely provides
specific data from the chart?
A) NO CHANGE
B) 55 percent of respondents
C) other executives surveyed
D) 55 executives

2 2
Responses of 760 Business Executives to Questions
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
30
about Why They Prefer Videoconferences
A) NO CHANGE
92% B) Therefore,
saves time C) For this very reason,
D) At the same time,
88%
saves money
76%
more flexibility in location and training
55%
increases productivity
49%
ability to archive sessions for later viewing
32%
easier to follow data-heavy presentations
16%
less peer pressure
8%
other
0% 50% 100%
Adapted from Jeff Koyen, “Business Meetings.” ©2009 by Forbes Insights.
Videoconferencing helps companies to bridge

geographical divides and save time, not to mention the
wear and tear on employees who have to travel long
distances for meetings. 30 Rather, it also preserves the
irreplaceable value of a face-to-face relationship in
today’s global business world.

2 2
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
31
A) NO CHANGE
“It’s Showtime!” B) blowing on
C) blowing: on
There was a brisk wind 31 blowing, on November
D) blowing, on,
21, 1934, as a fifteen-year-old Ella Fitzgerald made her
way down 125th Street in New York City’s Harlem
32
district. Up ahead, Ella could see the Apollo Theater’s A) NO CHANGE
prominent neon sign. The light blazing from its white B) During the age
background and purple letters flooded the night sky. C) For the era
D) At the moment
32 At the age of legal racial segregation, the Apollo
Theater was one of the few settings in which hopeful
33
African American performers could show off their talent. A) NO CHANGE
At that time, if you were white and hoped to become an B) they
entertainer, you went to Broadway, but if you were black, C) you
D) he or she
like Ella, 33 she went to amateur night at the Apollo.
Ella knew that winning the amateur night talent show
34
could launch her career, as it had launched the careers of
At this point, the writer is considering adding the
so many entertainers before her. 34 following sentence.
To this day, amateur night at the Apollo remains
an institution, one that has been instrumental in
promoting the careers of such famous talents as
Michael Jackson and Stevie Wonder.
Should the writer make this addition here?
A) Yes, because it reinforces the paragraph’s point
about the Apollo’s significance.
B) Yes, because it adds a historical detail to remind
the reader that the passage is nonfiction.
C) No, because it blurs the paragraph’s focus on
explaining racial segregation.
D) No, because it is irrelevant to the passage’s focus
on how Fitzgerald got her start as an entertainer.

2 2
As Ella walked toward the theater’s door, she stared
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
35
aghast at the long line of people waiting to take their A) NO CHANGE
B) people, who would choose the evening’s winner,
seats. These were the 35 people, who would choose the

C) people who would choose the evening’s winner
evening’s winner by the volume of their applause. 36

D) people who would choose the evening’s winner,
From backstage, Ella watched as a pair of dancers

dazzled the audience. Her heart sank as she realized her 36
dance routine couldn’t compete with this performance. It Which choice, if added here, would most effectively
explain why Ella might be nervous?
was her turn next to perform, but Ella was so petrified
A) Ella knew that audiences at amateur night were
that she could barely force herself to walk out onto the notoriously tough on the entertainers.
stage. B) Most entertainers simply ignored the audience’s
reaction and kept on performing.
[1] After Ella was introduced, she heard people in the C) Even now the audience at the Apollo is not shy
audience wondering what she was going to do. [2] Then, about voicing its opinions about the performers.
D) Ella had often sat in those seats and wondered
she made a sudden decision to sing instead of dance. when it would be her turn to be on stage.
[3] She began shakily, and after a few sour notes of “The
Object of My Affection” stumbled out of her mouth, Ella 37
stopped short. [4] With this song, Ella’s bold, singular A) NO CHANGE
B) to show they thought she was a great singer.
voice brought the house down. [5] She tried again, but
C) because they wanted to hear more from her.
this time she went with a song called “Judi.” [6] As she D) DELETE the underlined portion and end the
finished, a wave of applause swept over her. [7] The sentence with a period.
audience demanded an encore 37 because they wanted

38
her to sing again. 38
To make this paragraph most logical, sentence 5
should be placed
A) where it is now.
B) after sentence 2.
C) after sentence 3.
D) after sentence 6.

2 2
The appearance Ella made at the Apollo Theater that
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
39
night 39 undertook her career. She was invited to sing A) NO CHANGE
B) ignited
with a well-known swing band and eventually started a
C) caused
solo career. She became one of the top international jazz
D) introduced
performers and won many awards for her
recordings. 40 40
The writer wants to conclude with a thought that
emphasizes the idea of Ella Fitzgerald as an
important entertainer. Which sentence, if added
here, would best accomplish this goal?
A) Ella Fitzgerald always knew that the Apollo
would be the key to achieving her dream.
B) To many, Ella Fitzgerald is still “the first lady of
song.”
C) Though it wasn’t her original plan, Ella
Fitzgerald’s choice to sing was the right one.
D) Ella Fitzgerald would always remember that first
night at the Apollo.
STOP

3 3
Math Test – No Calculator
For questions 1-10, solve each problem, choose the best answer from the choices
provided, and fill in the corresponding circle on your answer sheet. For questions 11-13,
solve the problem and enter your answer in the grid on the answer sheet. Please refer to
the directions before question 11 on how to enter your answers in the grid. You may use
any available space in your test booklet for scratch work.
1. The use of a calculator is not permitted.

2. All variables and expressions used represent real numbers unless otherwise indicated.
3. Figures provided in this test are drawn to scale unless otherwise indicated.
4. All figures lie in a plane unless otherwise indicated.
5. Unless otherwise indicated, the domain of a given function f is the set of all real numbers x for
which f(x) is a real number.
r c 2x 60° s 45° s√2

w h b x
30° 45°
b a x√3
s
A = pr 2 A= w 1
A = bh c 2
= a2 + b 2 Special Right Triangles
2
C = 2pr
h r r h h
h
w r w
V = wh V = pr 2h 4
V = pr 3
1
V = pr 2h V = 1 wh
3 3 3
The number of degrees of arc in a circle is 360.
The number of radians of arc in a circle is 2p.
The sum of the measures in degrees of the angles of a triangle is 180.
Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. 30 CO N T I N U E

3 3
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
1 3
3 x A discount airline sells a certain number of tickets, x,
= for a flight for $90 each. It sells the number of
4 60
remaining tickets, y, for $250 each. For a particular
In the equation above, what is the value of x ? flight, the airline sold 120 tickets and collected a total
A) 25
of $27,600 from the sale of those tickets. Which
B) 30
system of equations represents this relationship
between x and y?
C) 40
⎧⎪ x + y = 120
D) 45
A)
⎪ ⎨
⎪⎪⎩90x + 250y = 27,600
⎧⎪ x + y = 120
2 B)
⎪⎨
⎪⎪⎩90x + 250y = 120(27,600)
x y
⎪⎧ x + y = 27,600
1 5 C)
⎪⎨
2 7 ⎪⎪⎩
90x + 250y =
120(27,600)
3 9 ⎪⎧90x = 250y
4 11 D)
⎪ ⎨
⎪⎪⎩120x + 120y = 27,600

The table above shows some pairs of x values
and y values. Which of the following equations could 4
represent the relationship between x and y ?
A) y = 2x + 3 x 2 − 17x − 60
B) y = 3x − 2 Which of the following is equivalent to the
expression above?
C) y = 4x − 1
A) (x − 5)(x − 12)
D) y = 5x
B) (x + 5)(x − 12)
C) (x − 3)(x − 20)
D) (x + 3)(x − 20)

3 3
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
5 7
y The formula for determining the pressure, p, exerted
on an object at a depth, h, below the surface of a
5 liquid is p = s + dgh, where s is the atmospheric
4 pressure, d is the density of the liquid, and g is the
3 acceleration due to gravity. Which formula
2 represents h in terms of p, s, d, and g ?
1 p
x A) h = + dg
–5 –4 –3 –2 –1 O 1 2 3 4 5 s
–1 p − s
–2 B) h =
dg
–3
C) h = ps − dg
–4
–5 D) h = ps + dg
What is the equation of the line shown in the 8

xy-plane above? Rachel’s costs for automobile maintenance and fuel
A) y = 3x − 3 are shown in the table below.
B) y = −3x + 3
Cost of Automobile Ownership
1
Type of cost Average cost
C) y = x−3 maintenance 5 cents per mile
3
1
fuel 14 cents per mile
D) y = − x + 3
3
In addition to fuel and maintenance, Rachel pays
$1,000 a year for insurance. The equation
6 C = (0.05 + 0.14) x + 1,000 shows the cost C, in
(−11x + 31y ) − 2(− x + 5y ) dollars, of owning and operating the car for a year as
a function of x, the number of miles driven in a year.
Which of the following expressions is equivalent to
the expression above? What does the slope of the graph of this function
represent?
A) −13x + 21y
A) The cost of insurance for a year
B) −13x + 36y
B) The cost of fuel and insurance for a year
C) −9x + 21y
C) The cost of owning and operating per mile
D) −9x + 36y
D) The cost of maintenance and fuel per mile

3
3
...........................................................................
9 10
(−4x + 5) − (6x + 7) = 0 A manufacturer makes two different sizes of
spherical ball bearings for use in motors. If the radius
What is the solution to the equation above? of the larger ball bearing is twice the radius of the
A) x = 6 smaller one, then the volume of the larger ball
bearing is how many times the volume of the
B) x = 1
smaller one?
C) x = −0.2
A) 2
D) x = −1.2 B) 3
C) 6
D) 8

3 3
7
Answer: 12 Answer: 2.5
Write
For questions 11–13, solve the problem and answer 7 / 12 2 . 5
enter your answer in the grid, as described in boxes. / / Fraction / /
below, on the answer sheet. line
. . . . . . . . Decimal
0 0 0 0 0 0 point
1. Although not required, it is suggested that 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

you write your answer in the boxes at the top 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
of the columns to help you fill in the circles Grid in 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
accurately. You will receive credit only if the
result. 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
circles are filled in correctly.
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
2. Mark no more than one circle in any column. 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
3. No question has a negative answer. 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
4. Some problems may have more than one 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
correct answer. In such cases, grid only one 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
answer.
5. Mixed numbers such as 3 1 must be gridded 2
Acceptable ways to grid 3 are:
2
as 3.5 or 7/2. (If is entered into the
2 / 3 . 666 . 667
grid, it will be interpreted as 31 , not 3 1 .) / / / / / /
2 2 . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. Decimal answers: If you obtain a decimal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
answer with more digits than the grid can 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
accommodate, it may be either rounded or 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
truncated, but it must fill the entire grid.
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
Answer: 201 – either position is correct
NOTE: You
201 201 may start your
/ / / / answers in any
column, space
. . . . .. . .
permitting.
0 0 0 0 0 0 Columns you
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 don’t need to
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 use should be
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 left blank.

3
3
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
11 13
If the equation y = 2x 2 − 5x + 3 is graphed in the A group of 12 friends went bowling. They each
rented shoes for $3.00 a pair, and 4 friends bowled
xy-plane, what is the value of its y-intercept? 2 games each, while 8 friends bowled 3 games each.
Each game bowled cost each person the same
amount. The total cost for the shoe rentals and the
games bowled was $212.00. What was the cost, in
dollars, of each game bowled? (Note: Disregard the
$ sign when gridding your answer.)
12
The solution to the system of equations below
is (x, y ).
3x + y = 13
2x − 4y = 18
What is the value of x ?
STOP

4 4
Math Test – Calculator
DI R EC T I O N S
For questions 1-21, solve each problem, choose the best answer from the choices
provided, and fill in the corresponding circle on your answer sheet. For questions 22-25,
solve the problem and enter your answer in the grid on the answer sheet. Please refer
to the directions before question 22 on how to enter your answers in the grid. You may
use any available space in your test booklet for scratch work.
1. The use of a calculator is permitted.

2. All variables and expressions used represent real numbers unless otherwise indicated.
3. Figures provided in this test are drawn to scale unless otherwise indicated.
4. All figures lie in a plane unless otherwise indicated.
5. Unless otherwise indicated, the domain of a given function f is the set of all real numbers x for
which f(x) is a real number.
R EF ER EN C E
r c 2x 60° s 45° s√2

w h b x
30° 45°
b a x√3 s
A = pr 2 A= w 1
A = bh c 2 = a2 + b 2 Special Right Triangles
2
C = 2pr
h r r h h
h
w r w
V = wh V = pr 2h 4
V = pr 3
1
V = pr 2h V = 1 wh
3 3 3
The number of degrees of arc in a circle is 360.
The number of radians of arc in a circle is 2p.
The sum of the measures in degrees of the angles of a triangle is 180.

4 4
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
1 3
Charissa ordered 3 cans of lemonade for each person A survey taken by 1,000 students at a school asked
at her party. She also ordered 1 pizza for every whether they played school sports. The table below
4 people. If she ordered 6 pizzas, which of the summarizes all 1,000 responses from the students
following could be the number of cans of lemonade surveyed.
she ordered?
A) 36 Males Females
B) 48 Play a school sport 312 220
C) 60 Do not play a school sport ? 216
D) 72
How many of the males surveyed responded that

they do not play a school sport?
A) 109
B) 252
C) 468
2 D) 688
A bakery sells trays of cookies. Each tray contains at

least 50 cookies but no more than 60. Which of the
following could be the total number of cookies on
4 trays of cookies?
A) 165
B) 205
C) 245 4
D) 285 A waiter receives tips from each customer. On
average, the tip is 15% of the customer’s bill. At this
rate, which of the following is closest to the tip the
waiter can expect when a customer has a bill that is
$78.20 ?
A) $8.00
B) $10.00
C) $12.00
D) $14.00

4 4
5
The table below shows the high and low temperatures in Houston, Texas, during a five‑day period.
Temperatures in Houston, Texas
(degrees Fahrenheit)
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
High temperature 73 56 62 75 81
Low temperature 49 37 41 54 63
What was the mean low temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, during the five-day period?
A) 48.8
B) 49
C) 59
D) 59.1

4 4
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
6 7
A random sample of 50 people from a town with a
A study was done to determine a new car’s stopping
population of 14,878 were asked to name their

distance when it was traveling at different speeds.
favorite flavor of ice cream. If 7 people in the sample

The study was done on a dry road with good surface
named chocolate as their favorite ice‑cream flavor,

conditions. The results are shown below, along with
about how many people in the town would be

the graph of a quadratic function that models the
expected to name chocolate?

data.
A) 350
Vehicle Stopping Distance
B) 2,100 y
C) 7,500
Stopping distance (feet)
350
D) 10,500
300
250
200
150
100
50
0 x
0 20 40 60 80
Speed (miles per hour)
According to the model, which of the following is the

best estimate for the stopping distance, in feet, if the
vehicle was traveling 55 miles per hour?
A) 25
B) 30
C) 210
D) 250

4 4
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
8 9
The equations below show the total amount of water A certain number of cubic yards of concrete will be
in gallons, y, that has flowed through two different poured to form a driveway. The concrete will fill a
types of showerheads after x minutes of use. space that is a right rectangular prism that is 18 feet
wide, 42 feet long, and 6 inches thick. What are the
Type A: y = 1.25x dimensions of this space (width by length by
Type B: y = 2.50x thickness) in yards? (Note: 1 foot = 12 inches and
1 yard = 3 feet)
Based on these equations, which of the following
1
statements is a correct comparison? A) 6 yards by 14 yards by yard
6
A) For each minute of use, the amount of water that 1
flowed through Type B is twice the amount that B) 6 yards by 14 yards by yard
2
flowed through Type A.
C) 54 yards by 126 yards by 72 yards
B) For each minute of use, the amount of water that D) 54 yards by 126 yards by 216 yards
flowed through Type A is twice the amount that
flowed through Type B.
C) The amount of water that flowed through
Type A per minute increased at a faster rate than
the amount of water that flowed through Type B
per minute.
D) The amount of water that flowed through Type B
per minute increased at a faster rate than the
amount of water that flowed through Type A per
minute.

4
4
C)
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
10 15
The charges for a parking garage are shown below.
12
Charge (dollars)
Parking Garage Charges

(maximum of 4 hours) 9
Charge Parking time 6
($) (minutes)
1 up to 30 3
2 over 30 and up to 60
0
3 over 60 and up to 90 0 60 120 180 240 300

4 over 90 and up to 120 Parking time (minutes)
D) 15
12
Charge (dollars)
Which graph shows the relationship between the
parking time, in minutes, and the charge, in dollars? 9
A) 15 6
12 3
Charge (dollars)
9 0
0 60 120 180 240 300
6 Parking time (minutes)
0
0 60 120 180 240 300
Parking time (minutes)
B) 15
11
12 A sterling silver platter is made up of a mixture of
Charge (dollars)
silver and copper. The ratio of silver to copper is

9 37 : 3 by mass. If the platter has a mass of 600 grams,
what is the mass, in grams, of the copper in the
6 platter?
A) 18
3
B) 45
0 C) 222
0 60 120 180 240 300
D) 555
Parking time (minutes)

4 4
▼
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
13
Which formula can Rocco use to determine the
Questions 12-14 refer to the following information. number of miles he can expect to drive using a
Rocco is saving money to buy his first car. He works certain number of gallons of gas?
15 hours each week and saves $10 for each hour he y
works. Rocco has already saved $3,500 and plans to save A) m =
g
at least $5,300. He knows there will be an 8.5% sales tax
on the purchase price of the car and a title transfer fee of g
B) m =
$15. He will use the formula below to determine his gas y
mileage, y, in miles per gallon, from the number of miles, C) m = g + y
m, the car can be driven using g gallons of gas.
D) m = gy
m
y=
g
12
Rocco will need to pay a total of $5,246.87 for the car,
including the sales tax and transfer fee. To the
nearest dollar, what is the purchase price of the car 14
Rocco plans to buy? Which inequality can Rocco use to model the
A) $4,787 number of weeks remaining, x, that he will need to
work before he has saved at least $5,300 ?
B) $4,822
A) 3,500 + 150x ≥ 5,300
C) $5,223
D) $5,708 B) 3,500 ≤ 150x + 5,300
C) 3,500 ≤ 150 + 5,300x
D) 3,500x + 150 ≥ 5,300

4 4
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
15 16
The table below shows the lengths in A theater is showing one movie today. A media
centimeters (cm) of a sample of 5 leaves research company randomly selected people coming
from a tree. out of the theater to rate, on a 5-star scale, the movie
they just saw. The results of the survey are shown in
Leaf Length (cm) the table below.
1 14.2
2 13.8 Movie Ratings
3 12.6
4 13.4 Rating Frequency
5 11.5
8
6 ?
12
A 6th leaf is added to the sample and its length is
measured. Its measure increases the mean value of 17
the sample of leaves but decreases the median value
of the sample of leaves. What is a possible 19
measurement for the length of the 6th leaf?
A) 13.1 cm 14
B) 13.3 cm
C) 13.4 cm
A total of 325 people saw the movie in that theater.
D) 13.7 cm Based on the survey results, about how many of the
people who saw the movie would have rated it with 3
or more stars?
A) 50
B) 80
C) 230
D) 305

4 4
▼
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
18
A fruit salad was prepared containing 100 g of
Questions 17 and 18 refer to the following acerola cherries, 100 g of kiwifruit, 300 g of
information. pineapple, and 200 g of strawberries. What is the
Experts say vitamin C is a nutrient that provides many total amount of vitamin C, in grams, that is
health benefits. The amount of vitamin C, in contained in the listed fruits?
milligrams (mg), found in 100 grams (g) of each of A) 0.7 g
several fruits is shown in the table below.
B) 2.069 g
Vitamin C Content in Fruits C) 700 g
Amount of vitamin C D) 2,069 g
Type of fruit
in 100 g of fruit
Acerola cherries 1,678 mg
▲
Black currants 181 mg
Guava 228 mg
Kiwifruit 105 mg
Pineapple 56 mg
Strawberries 59 mg
17
Which quantity of fruit contains an amount of
vitamin C closest to the combined amount of
vitamin C in 50 g of acerola cherries and 150 g of
kiwifruit?
A) 2,000 g of black currants
B) 800 g of guava
C) 1,800 g of pineapple
D) 600 g of strawberries

4 4
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
19 20
A quality‑control specialist for an electronics y
manufacturer estimates that 0.25% of the televisions
produced each day by her company are defective. If 20
the manufacturer produces an average of
450 televisions each day, which of the following is the 10
l
best estimate of the total number of defective
televisions produced in 30 working days? x
– 20 – 10 O
A) 1 – 10
B) 34
– 20
C) 113
D) 3,375
Line A is shown on the xy-plane above. If the
corresponding equation for line A is y = ax + b ,
where a and b are constants, which set of inequalities
is true about a and b ?
A) {b0 << 1a
< 1
B) {
−1 < a < 0
b > −10
C) {
a<0
b<1
D) {
a>0
b > 10

4 4
.....................................................................................................................................................................................
21
Mr. LePage spent $25,000 to buy a new truck for his
construction business. He estimated the value of the
truck after each of the next 5 years, as shown in the
table below.
Truck Value after Each
Year of Ownership
Year Truck Value
(x) (y)
1 $22,000
2 $19,000
3 $16,000
4 $13,000
5 $10,000
If the line passing through the points defined by the

values in the table is graphed in the xy‑plane, which
of the following is the best interpretation of the
y‑intercept in the context of the problem?
A) The number of years for which the value of the
truck will decrease
B) The amount that the value of the truck is
decreasing each year
C) The value of the truck after the sixth year of
ownership
D) The value of the truck when it was new

4 4
7
Answer: 12 Answer: 2.5
Write
For questions 22-25, solve the problem answer 7 / 12 2 . 5
and enter your answer in the grid, as described in boxes. / / Fraction / /
below, on the answer sheet. line
. . . . . . . . Decimal
0 0 0 0 0 0 point
1. Although not required, it is suggested that 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

you write your answer in the boxes at the top 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
of the columns to help you fill in the circles Grid in 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
accurately. You will receive credit only if the result. 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
circles are filled in correctly. 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
2. Mark no more than one circle in any column. 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
3. No question has a negative answer. 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
4. Some problems may have more than one 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
correct answer. In such cases, grid only one 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
answer.
5. Mixed numbers such as 3 1

must be gridded 2
Acceptable ways to grid 3 are:
2
as 3.5 or 7/2. (If

entered into the
2 / 3 . 666 . 667
grid, it will be interpreted as 31 , not 3 1 .) / / / / / /
2 2 . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. Decimal answers: If you obtain a decimal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
answer with more digits than the grid can 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
accommodate, it may be either rounded or 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
truncated, but it must fill the entire grid.
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
Answer: 201 – either position is correct
NOTE: You
201 201 may start your
/ / / / answers in any
column, space
. . . . .. . .
permitting.
0 0 0 0 0 0 Columns you
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 don’t need to
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 use should be
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 left blank.

4
4
22 23
..............................................
The solution to the system of equations below A dinner was held to raise money for a children’s
is (x, y ). museum. A ticket for one person cost $200 and a
ticket for a couple (two people) cost $350. A total of
5x − 6y = 2.7 130 people attended the dinner, and the ticket sales
10x + 7y = 1.6 total was $24,000. What is the total number of tickets
that were sold?
What is the value of x ?

4 4
▼
Questions 24 and 25 refer to the following information.

The United States Senate first convened in the year 1789.
From 1789 through 2013, a total of 44 women served as
US senators. The partially completed table below shows the
number of women senators by political party and geographical
region.
Numb
umber of
of W
Wo
omen US Sena
Senattors tthr
hro
oug
ughh 2013
Poli
litical
tical par
party
Demo
emocra
cratic
tic Repu
Republican
lican To
Tottal
Midwe
Midwesst 7
Nor
Northeast 4 8
Geogra
ograpphical
re
reggion South
Sou 3
Wesst
We 6 7
Tottal
To 44
.............................................................................
24 25
What is the total number of women from the
From 1789 through 2013, of the women from only
Democratic Party who served as US senators from

the Democratic Party who served as US senators,
1789 through 2013 ?

34.5% have been from the South region. What is the
total number of Democratic and Republican women

US senators who represented the Midwest in this
time period?
STOP

YoUr naMe (Print)

LAST FIRST MI
scHool
NUMBER NAME OF SCHOOL ROOM NUMBER
general directions
– You may work on only one section at a time.
– If you finish a section before time is called, check the codes below are unique to your test book. copy
your work on that section. You may NOT turn to any them on your answer sheet in boxes 20 and 21 and fill
other section. in the corresponding circles exactly as shown.
Marking answers 21 TEST ID

– Be sure to mark your answer sheet properly.
3 7 1 3 0 3 0
COMPLETE MARK EXAMPLES OF
INCOMPLETE MARKS
– You must use a No. 2 pencil. 20 FORM CODE

– Carefully mark only one answer for each question. R s l a 0 3 0
– Make sure you fill the entire circle darkly and A A A A 0 0 0
completely. B B B B 1 1 1
– Do not make any stray marks on your answer sheet. C C C C 2 2 2

D D D D 3 3 3
– If you erase, do so completely. Incomplete erasures may
E E E E 4 4 4
be scored as intended answers.
F F F F 5 5 5
– Use only the answer rows that correspond to the G G G G 6 6 6
question numbers. H H H H 7 7 7
I I I I 8 8 8
J J J J 9 9 9
Using YoUr test Book
K K K K
– You may use the test book for scratch work, but you L L L L
will not receive credit for anything that you write in your M M M M
test book. N N N N
– After time has been called, you may not transfer O O O O

P P P P
answers from your test book to your answer sheet or fill
Q Q Q Q
in circles.
R R R R
– You may not fold or remove pages or portions of a page S S S S
from this book, or take the book or answer sheet from T T T T
the testing room. U U U U

V V V V
W W W W
scoring X X X X
– For each correct answer, you receive one point. Y Y Y Y
– You do not lose points for wrong answers; therefore, Z Z Z Z
you should try to answer every question even if you are

not sure of the correct answer.
Ideas contained in passages for this test, some of which are excerpted or adapted from
published material, do not necessarily represent the opinions of the College Board.
do n ot o Pen tHis Book Until tHe sUPerVisor tells YoU to d o so.

Pr
ac
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Spring 2019

Make time to take the practice test.

After you have taken the practice test, score it

Test begins on the next page.

This passage is adapted from the story “The Flowers of

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. 2 CO NTI N U E

passage? mock Gol-Maryam because

built. C) she does not have a bicycle.

instead of what the majority wants.

The author includes the conversation in lines 1-6 B) passes.

(“Finally . . . hangs up”) most likely to C) surprises.

A) create a tense mood by showing that D) tricks.

Gol-Maryam’s decisions are in contrast to her

Gol-Maryam “feels out of place” (line 17) when

she is with her schoolmates?

A) Lines 19-20 (“The jokes . . . her”)

B) Lines 23-24 (“At the corner . . . stop”)

C) Lines 25-27 (“The cousins . . . limping”)

D) Lines 53-55 (“The Flowers . . . tree”)

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. 3 CO NTI N U E

Questions 9-16 are based on the following

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. 4 CO NTI N U E

Adapted from Robert A. Papper et al., “Middletown Media Studies.” ©2004 by

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. 5 CO NTI N U E

A) social media are helping people replace old A) affects.

relationships with new ones. B) consumes.

B) media are causing people to interact less with C) destroys.

others in the real world.

C) social media are affecting the way in which

D) no longer have dinner together without the

B) Lines 50-51 (“Media . . . Bugeja”)

Which choice provides the best evidence for the

answer to the previous question?

A) Lines 17-19 (“Nutritionists . . . thing”)

B) Lines 19-20 (“We moved . . . working”)

more time per day using the Internet than

D) Lines 35-36 (“Of course . . . day”)

As used in line 30, “primary” most nearly means

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. 6 CO NTI N U E

due to differences such as food sources.

“We examined two caves on Abaco Island and

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. 7 CO NTI N U E

Bacterial Cells per Milliliter in a Blue Hole

(Lucayan Caverns, Grand Bahama Island, Bahamas)

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. 8 CO NTI N U E

Which idea from the passage is supported by the

D) The types of bacteria living in each blue hole

A) can live in complete darkness.

B) can survive without food sources.

C) cannot survive without some form of air.

D) cannot be found anywhere else in the world.

answer to the previous question?

A) Lines 43-46 (“In the cave . . . added”)

B) Lines 58-61 (“These bacterial . . . explained”)

C) Lines 65-69 (“Specifically . . . said”)

D) Lines 72-75 (“As far . . . said”)

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. 9 CO NTI N U E

passage. emancipation. We pledge ourselves to liberate all our

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. 10 CO NTI N U E