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    Iot Experiment No - 7: 60001170058vatsal Ruperabe Electronics

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    Prasad mohite
    The document describes the design and theory of low pass and high pass filters using an op-amp IC 741. It provides the circuit diagrams and equations to calculate the cutoff frequency for each filter. For the low pass filter, it uses a 15kΩ resistor and 47nF capacitor, giving a cutoff frequency of 226Hz. The high pass filter works by swapping the locations of the resistor and capacitor compared to the low pass filter, allowing frequencies higher than the cutoff to pass through. Both circuits provide explanations of how they function to filter different frequency ranges.

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    Iot Experiment No - 7: 60001170058vatsal Ruperabe Electronics

    Uploaded by

    Prasad mohite
    40 views3 pages
    The document describes the design and theory of low pass and high pass filters using an op-amp IC 741. It provides the circuit diagrams and equations to calculate the cutoff frequency for each filter. For the low pass filter, it uses a 15kΩ resistor and 47nF capacitor, giving a cutoff frequency of 226Hz. The high pass filter works by swapping the locations of the resistor and capacitor compared to the low pass filter, allowing frequencies higher than the cutoff to pass through. Both circuits provide explanations of how they function to filter different frequency ranges.

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    60001170058_IOT_EXP_7

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    The document describes the design and theory of low pass and high pass filters using an op-amp IC 741. It provides the circuit diagrams and equations to calculate the cutoff frequency for each filter. For the low pass filter, it uses a 15kΩ resistor and 47nF capacitor, giving a cutoff frequency of 226Hz. The high pass filter works by swapping the locations of the resistor and capacitor compared to the low pass filter, allowing frequencies higher than the cutoff to pass through. Both circuits provide explanations of how they function to filter different frequency ranges.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    40 views3 pages

    Iot Experiment No - 7: 60001170058vatsal Ruperabe Electronics

    Uploaded by

    Prasad mohite
    The document describes the design and theory of low pass and high pass filters using an op-amp IC 741. It provides the circuit diagrams and equations to calculate the cutoff frequency for each filter. For the low pass filter, it uses a 15kΩ resistor and 47nF capacitor, giving a cutoff frequency of 226Hz. The high pass filter works by swapping the locations of the resistor and capacitor compared to the low pass filter, allowing frequencies higher than the cutoff to pass through. Both circuits provide explanations of how they function to filter different frequency ranges.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    60001170058Vatsal RuperaBE Electronics

    IOT Experiment No - 7
    Aim: - Aim- To design low pass filter and high pass filter using IC-741.
    Apparatus: - Tinkercad Simulation Tool
    Theory:-
    1)Active Low Pass Filter:
    An active filter generally uses an operational amplifier (op-amp) within its design. The op
    amp requires DC power in order to operate. +12VDC into V+, pin 7, of the op amp and
    -12VDC into V-, pin 4. Input is applied to pin2 and pin 3 which are inverting and non-
    inverting pins of op-amp.
    So the part of the circuit composed of resistor R and capacitor C form the low pass filter. The
    formula for calculating the cutoff frequency is,
    frequency= 1/2πR2C= 1/2π(15KΩ)(47nF)= 225.8Hz≈ 226Hz.
    So we use a 15KΩ resistor with a 47nF capacitor to form this 226Hz cutoff frequency point.
    The output is obtained from pin 6 of op-amp.
    The gain of the op-amp is determined by resistors resistors R1 and R2 by the formula,
    gain (AV)= -R2/R1.
    Since R2 is 10 times greater than R1, the gain is -10.
    The negative means that the voltage output is inverted from the voltage input. So while the
    input voltage is +10V, the output voltage is -10V. They're 180 degrees out of phase. When
    one is at the positive peak, the other is at its negative peak.

    2)Active High Pass Filter:


    An active High-Pass Filter (HPF) is a filter that makes use of both op-amp and passive
    components. It passes high frequencies but attenuates frequencies lower than the cut-off
    frequency. The actual amount of attenuation for each frequency varies from filter to filter and
    depends on the size of the passive components as well as the circuit configurations. Notice
    the location of the R and C are swapped compared to the Low-Pass Filter (LPF).
    This first-order high pass filter, consists simply of a passive filter followed by a non-
    inverting amplifier. The frequency response of the circuit is the same as that of the passive
    filter, except that the amplitude of the signal is increased by the gain of the amplifier.
    For a non-inverting amplifier circuit, the magnitude of the voltage gain for the filter is given
    as a function of the feedback resistor ( R2 ) divided by its corresponding input resistor ( R1 )
    value 
    60001170058Vatsal RuperaBE Electronics

    At low frequencies, where f « fc, the capacitor acts as a short circuit, hence the gain of the
    amplifier goes to zero.
    At high frequencies, where f » fc , the capacitor acts as an open circuit and the gain of the
    circuit is –R1/R2, where fc = 1/(2 𝜋 R2 C), f is in Hertz, R is in Ohms, and C is in Farads.
    The bode plot of the active HPF is shown in Figure 2. The closed-loop gain of the HPF =
    Vout/Vin, fC = 1/(2 𝜋 R1 C)

    Circuit Diagrams:-
    1)Active Low Pass Filter:

    2)Active High Pass Filter:


    60001170058Vatsal RuperaBE Electronics

    Conclusion:-
    Thus, we have studied low pass filter and high pass filter using Opamp741. We observe that
    low pass filter allows only the frequencies less than cutoff frequency to pass through it and
    blocks higher frequencies. While the high pass filter blocks the frequencies less than cutoff
    frequency and allows the frequencies higher than cutoff frequency to pass through it.

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