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1 Marks Questions
1.What is chemistry?
Ans: Chemistry is the branch of science that studies the composition, properties and
interaction of matter.
Ans: chemical principles are important in diverse areas such as weather patterns,
functioning of brain, operation of a computer, chemical industries, manufacturing ,
fertilizers, alkalis, acids, salts, dyes, polymers, drugs, soaps, detergents, metals, alloys,
contribute in a big way to national economy.
Ans:
4.Name the different methods that can be used for separation of components of a
mixture. .
1
Ans:The components of a mixture can be separated by physical methods like handpicking,
filtrations, crystallization, distillation etc.
5.Classify following as pure substances and mixtures – Air, glucose, gold, odium and
milk.
Ans:
Glucose Air
Gold Milk
Sodium
6.What is the difference between molecules and compounds? Give examples of each.
Ans: Molecules consist of different atoms or same atoms. e.g. molecule of hydrogen contains
two atoms of hydrogen where as molecule of water contain two atoms of hydrogen and one
of oxygen.
Compound is formed when two or more than two different atoms combine in fire propo e.g.
water –rtion carbondioxide, sugar etc.
Ans:The constituents of a compound can not be separated by physical methods. They can
only be separate by chemical methods.
Ans: Physical properties are those properties which can be measured or observed without
changing the identity or the composition of the substance whereas the measurement of
chemical properties require a chemical change to occur e.g. colour, odour etc are physical
properties and combustion, basicity etc are chemical properties.
2
9.What are the two different system of measurement?
Ans:The different system of measurement are English system and the metric system.
Ans:The thermometers with Celsius scale are calibrated form 0o to 100o where there two
temperatures are the freezing and boiling of water.
12.What is the SI unit of volume? What is the other common unit which in not
an SI unit of volume.
Ans: The SI unit of volume is m3 whereas litre (L) is the common unit which is not an SI unit.
Ans:Precision means the closeness of various measurements for the same quantity. Accuracy
is the agreement of a particular value to the true value of the result.
Ans:Significant figures are meaningful digits which are known with certainty. The
uncertainty in experimental or the calculated value is indicated by mentioning the number
of significant figures.
Ans: Law of definite proportions states that a given compound always contains exactly the
same proportion of elements by weight.
3
16.State Avogadro’s law.
Ans:According to Avogadro’s law, equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and
pressure should contain equal number of molecules.
Ans: One atomic mass unit (amu) is defined as a mass exactly equal to one – twelfth the mass
of one carbon – 12 atom.
Ans: When a substance does not contain discrete molecules as their constituent units and
have a three dimensional structure, formula mass is used to calculate molecular mass which
is sum of all the atomic masses of atom present in the formula.
4
i.e. molecular mass = 44.1
23.What is stoichiometry?
Ans: Stoichimetry deals with the calculations of masses of reactants and products involved in
a chemical reactions.
24. The substance which gets used up in any reaction is called --------------
Ans: The substance that gets used up in any reaction is called limiting reagent.
Ans: one molal solution is solution in which one mole of solute is present in 1000g of solvent.
5
CBSE Class 12 Chemistry
Important Questions
Chapter 1
Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
2 Marks Questions
Ans: Sugar has close packing of constituent particles, have its own volume and shape
therefore, it can be said to be solid whereas in water the constituent particles are not as
closely packed as in solid. It has definite volume but not definite shape. Therefore it is a
liquid.
Ans:
6
4.Write seven fundamental quantities & their units.
Ans:
5.What is the difference between mass & weight? How is mass measured in laboratory?
Ans: Mass of a substance is the amount of matter present in it while weight is the force
exerted by gravity on an object the mass of a substance is determined with the help of an
analytical balance in laboratory.
6.How is volume measured in laboratory? Convent 0.5L into ml and 30cm3 to dm3
Ans: In the laboratory volume of a liquid can be measured by using graduated cylinder,
burette, pipette etc.
1L = 1000 ml
1000cm3 = 1dm3
0.5L = 500 ml
30cm3 =
7
= 0.03dm3
Ans.oF
(a) pico
(b) nano
(c) centi
(d) deci
nano = 10-9
centi = 10-2
8
deci = 10-1
Ans: The law of multiple proportions rays that if two elements can combine to form more
than one compound, the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of other
element are in a ratio of small whole numbers. e.g. hydrogen and oxygen can combine to
form water as well as hydrogen peroxide.
Here, the masses of oxygen (16g & 32g) which combine with a fixed mass of hydrogen (2g)
bear a simple ratio i.e., 16:32 = 1:2.
2. All the atoms of a given element have identical properties including atomic mass. Atoms of
different element differ in mass.
3. Compounds are formed when atoms of different elements combine in a fixed ratio.
4. Chemical reaction involves reorganization of atoms. These are neither created nor
destroyed
9
Ans:
Ans:(i) Same molecular formula and empirical formula. Carbon dioxide, both is CO2.
(i) 7.85g of Fe
(ii) 7.9mg of Ca
56g of Fe = 1mole
7.85g of Fe = = 0.14moles
(ii)40g of Ca = mg of Ca
40g of Ca = 1mole
Or mg of Ca = 1mole
10
7.9mg of Ca =
14.How much potassium chlorate should be heated to produce 2.24L of oxygen at NTP?
2moles 3moles
= 245g = 67.2L
= 8.17g of KClO3
Ans:
16.Calculate the weight of lime (CaO) obtained by heating 2000kg of 95% pure lime stone
(CaCO3)
= 95kg
11
200kg impure sample has pure CaCO3 =
= 190kg
= 106.4kg
17. 4 litres of water are added to 2L of 6 molar HCl solutions.What is the molarity of
resulting solution?
Final volume, V2 = 4L + 2L = 6L
Initial molarity, M1 = 6M
Final molarity = M2
M1V1 = M2V2
18.What volume of 10M HCl and 3M HCl should be mixed to obtain 1L of 6M HCl
solution?
12
Ans: Let the required volume of 10M HCl be V liters.
13
CBSE Class 12 Chemistry
Important Questions
Chapter 1
Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
3 Marks Questions
(b) 8.256
(c) 100
Percentage of Hydrogen
Percentage of oxygen
C 47.69 12
14
H 4.55 1
O 47.76 16
= C8H9O6
15
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