Rules of Inference-1
Rules of Inference-1
Rules of Inference-1
Introduction:
p
p→q
…………….
∴q
Exercise
State which rule of inference is the basis of the following
argument:
1: “If you have a current password, then you can log onto the
network.”
Solution:
p: you have a current password
q: you can log onto the network
p
p→q
…………….
∴q
2: It is either hotter than 100 degrees today or the pollution is
dangerous. It is less than 100 degrees outside today. Therefore,
the pollution is dangerous.
P: It is hotter than 100 degrees today.
Q: pollution is dangerous.
pq
p
q
p→q
q→r
--------------
∴p→r
q
p→q
…………….
∴ p
6: Steve will work at a computer company this summer.
Therefore, this summer Steve will work at a computer company
or he will be a beach bum.
Solution:
P: Steve will work at a computer company this summer
Q: he will be a beach bum
Solution: Let
¬p∧q
r→p
¬r→s
s→t and
conclusion t.
We want to get that the conclusion t is true.
Steps Reason
¬p∧q Hypothesis
¬p Simplification rule
r→p hypothesis
¬r Modus tollens
¬r →s Hypothesis
s Modus Ponens
s→t hypothesis
t Modus ponens
Home work:
Example 7: Show that the hypotheses “If you send me an email
message, then I will finish writing the program,” “If you do not
send me an email message, then I will go to sleep early,” and “If
I go to sleep early, then I will wake up feeling refreshed” lead to
the conclusion “If I do not finish writing the program, then I will
wake up feeling refreshed.”