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    Unit 7. Cultural Diversity

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    Thanh Hường
    This document provides a grammar review of comparisons (comparative and superlative forms) and articles (indefinite and definite) in Vietnamese. It includes examples and exercises to practice comparisons of adjectives and adverbs in forms such as "more/less/most", and uses of articles like "a/an" and "the" with nouns in Vietnamese. Key points covered are short versus long forms of adjectives/adverbs in comparisons, and common uses and exceptions of indefinite versus definite articles in Vietnamese.

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    Unit 7. Cultural Diversity

    Uploaded by

    Thanh Hường
    141 views4 pages
    This document provides a grammar review of comparisons (comparative and superlative forms) and articles (indefinite and definite) in Vietnamese. It includes examples and exercises to practice comparisons of adjectives and adverbs in forms such as "more/less/most", and uses of articles like "a/an" and "the" with nouns in Vietnamese. Key points covered are short versus long forms of adjectives/adverbs in comparisons, and common uses and exceptions of indefinite versus definite articles in Vietnamese.

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    Unit 7-GRAMMAR

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    This document provides a grammar review of comparisons (comparative and superlative forms) and articles (indefinite and definite) in Vietnamese. It includes examples and exercises to practice comparisons of adjectives and adverbs in forms such as "more/less/most", and uses of articles like "a/an" and "the" with nouns in Vietnamese. Key points covered are short versus long forms of adjectives/adverbs in comparisons, and common uses and exceptions of indefinite versus definite articles in Vietnamese.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    141 views4 pages

    Unit 7. Cultural Diversity

    Uploaded by

    Thanh Hường
    This document provides a grammar review of comparisons (comparative and superlative forms) and articles (indefinite and definite) in Vietnamese. It includes examples and exercises to practice comparisons of adjectives and adverbs in forms such as "more/less/most", and uses of articles like "a/an" and "the" with nouns in Vietnamese. Key points covered are short versus long forms of adjectives/adverbs in comparisons, and common uses and exceptions of indefinite versus definite articles in Vietnamese.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    Unit 7.

    CULTURAL DIVERSITY
    GRAMMAR REVIEW
    A. SO SÁNH
    1. So sánh hơn
    a. Short Adj/ Adv: là những từ có 1 âm tiết và những từ có 2 âm tiết kết thúc tận cùng là “y”: early, healthy,
    happy, pretty, dry, ....
    Form:
    S+ be/V + adj/ adv - er + than + O
    Ex: She is fatter than her mother.
    b. Long Adj/ Adv: là những từ có 2 âm tiết trở lên.
    Form:
    S + be/V + more + adj/ adv + than + O

    Ex: He is more generous than his brother.


    Note: Trước so sánh hơn có thể có “much”, “far”, “so”, “a little”, “a lot”, “a bit”
    Ex: That car is far more expensive than that motorbike.
    2. So sánh kém
    Form:
    S + be/V + less + adj/ adv/ noun + than + noun/pronoun
    Ex: Their jobs allow them less freedom than ours do.
    3. So sánh nhất
    a. Short Adj/ Adv:
    Form:
    S + be/V + the adj/ adv - est + .........
    Ex: Vinh is the tallest in our class.
    b. Long Adj/ Adv:
    Form:
    S + be/V + the most adj/ adv + ........
    Ex: Diep is the most attractive girl in their team.
    Note: Một số Adj, Adv so sánh đặc biệt
    Adj/ Adv So sánh hơn So sánh nhất
    good/ well better the best: tốt, giỏi
    bad/ badly worse the worst: tồi tệ, kém
    much/ many more the most: nhiều
    little less the least: ít
    old older the oldest: cũ già
    elder the eldest: anh, chị
    far farther the farthest: khoảng cách
    further the furthest: hơn, thêm
    late later the latest: mới nhất
    the last: cuối (thứ tự)

    EXERCISES:
    I. Complete the sentences with a suitable comparative or supperative.
    1. In my opinion, Spanish is (easy) __________________________ foreign language to learn.
    2. Dogs are intelligent but not (intelligent) ____________________________ chimpanzees.
    3. They say it's (good) ____________________________ to have loved and lost than never to have loved at all.
    4. Even (carefully) ___________________________________ prepared plans can go wrong.
    5. England isn't (mountainous country) ___________________________________ Scotland.
    6. Reykjavik is the world's (northern) ____________________________________ capital city.
    7. Your composition is full of mistakes because you didn't spend half (time) ________________________ on it
    ________________________ you should have!
    8. Don't worry, you'll be OK with Gary, he's (careful driver) ____________________________ you could wish
    to have.
    9. In the Alto Adige region of Italy, German dialect is spoken much (frequently) _________________________
    Italian.
    10. Sumo wrestlers must be (heavy) ____________________________ athletes in the world.
    II. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the
    superlative form of the adjectives given.
    1. Russia is bigger than any other country in the world. (big)
    __________________________________________________________________________________________
    2. Many people believe that no sea in the world is warmer than the Red Sea. (warm)
    __________________________________________________________________________________________
    3. The Nile is longer than any other river in the world. (long)
    __________________________________________________________________________________________
    4. No ocean in the world is deeper than the Pacific. (deep)
    __________________________________________________________________________________________
    5. Mount Everest is higher than every mountain in the world. (high)
    __________________________________________________________________________________________

    B. ARTICLES
    I. INDEFINITE ARTICLES: A/AN
    - An đứng trước 1 danh từ đếm được số ít bắt đầu bằng 1 nguyên âm (u, e, o, a, i).
    - A đứng trước danh từ đếm được số ít bắt đầu là 1 phụ âm.
    1. A/ An được dùng trước:
    - Danh từ đếm được, số ít. Ex: a doctor, a bag, an animal, an hour………
    *An: đứng trước nguyên âm hoặc “h” câm. Ex: an aminal, an hour........
    - Trong các cấu trúc: Ex: She is so pretty a girl.
    so + adj + a/an + noun - It's such a beautiful picture.
    such + a/an + noun - She is as pretty a girl as her sister.
    as + adj + a/an + noun + as - How beautiful a girl you are!
    How + adj + a/an + noun + verb!
    - Chỉ một người được đề cập qua tên. Ex: A Mrs. Blue sent you this letter.
    - Trước các danh từ trong ngữ đồng vị. Ex: Nguyen Du, a great poet, wrote that novel.
    - Trong các cụm từ chỉ số lượng. Ex: a pair, a couple, a lot of, a little, a few, a
    large/great number of……..
    2. A/ An không được dùng:
    - ONE được sử dụng thay A/An để nhấn mạnh. Ex: There is a book on the table, but one is not
    enough.
    - Trước danh từ không đếm được. Ex: Coffee is also a kind of drink.
    - Trước các danh từ đếm được số nhiều. Ex: Dogs are faithful animals.

    II. DEFINITE ARTICLE: THE


    1. THE được dùng trước:
    - Những vật duy nhất. Ex: the sun, the moon, the world....
    - Các danh từ được xác nhận bởi cụm tính từ hoặc - The house with green fence is hers.
    mệnh đề tính từ. - The man that we met has just come.
    - Các danh từ được xác định qua ngữ cảnh hoặc được Ex: Finally, the writer killed himself.
    đề cập trước đó. - I have a book and an eraser. The book is now on the
    table.
    - Các danh từ chỉ sự giải trí. Ex: the theater, the concert, the church
    - Trước tên các tàu thuyền, máy bay. Ex: The Titanic was a great ship.
    - Các sông, biển, đại dương, dãy núi. Ex: the Mekong River, the East Sea, the Pacific Ocean,
    the Himalayas
    - Một nhóm các đảo hoặc quốc gia. Ex: the Philippines, the United States.
    - Tính từ dùng như danh từ tập hợp. Ex: You should help the poor.
    - Trong so sánh nhất. Ex: Nam is the cleverest in his class.
    - Tên người ở số nhiều (chỉ gia đình) Ex: The Blacks, The Blues, the Nams
    - Các danh từ đại diện cho 1 loài. Ex: The cat is a lovely home pet.
    - Các trạng từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn. Ex: in the morning, in the street, in the water.....
    - Số thứ tự. Ex: the first, the second, the third....
    - Chuỗi thời gian hoặc không gian. Ex: the next, the following, the last...
    2. THE không dùng được:
    - Trước các danh từ số nhiều nói chung. Ex: They build houses near the hall.
    - Danh từ trừu tượng, không đếm được. Ex: Independence is a happy thing.
    - Các danh từ chỉ màu sắc. Ex: Red and white make pink.
    - Các môn học. Ex: Math is her worst subject.
    - Các vật liệu, kim loại. Ex: Steel is made from iron.
    - Các tên nước, châu lục, thành phố. Ex: Ha Noi is the capital of Vietnam.
    - Các chức danh, tên người. Ex: President Bill Clinton, Ba, Nga.
    - Các bữa ăn, món ăn, thức ăn. Ex: We have rice and fish for dinner.
    - Các trò chơi, thể thao. Ex: Football is a popular sport in Vietnam.
    - Các loại bệnh tật. Ex: Cold is a common disease.
    - Ngôn ngữ, tiếng nói. Ex: English is being used everywhere.
    - Các kỳ nghỉ, lễ hội. Ex: Tet, Christmas, Valentine...
    - Các mũi đất (nhô ra biển, hồ, núi) Ex: Cape Horn, Lake Than Tho, Mount Cam, Mount
    Rushmore.....
    *But: the Cape of Good Hope, the Great Lake, the
    Mount of Olive......

    EXERCISES
    I. Complete the sentences with A, An or The.
    1. ________________ Vietnamese like to joke around, but their jokes are not easily translated into English.
    2. Each person has _______________ strong sense of regional cultural identity.
    3. Henry was _________ bit of __________ rebel when he was ___________ teenager and dyed his hair pink,
    and he also rebelled his parents' plans for him and left school at _____________ age of 16.
    4. You may have ________ object that you trust will bring you good luck, but many people object to that belief.
    5. Relationships in _____________ family are never to be broken and they are to be built up continuously.
    6. They are also very friendly, easy-going and have ____________ easy smile.
    7. To show respect, many Vietnamese people bow their heads to _______________ superior or elder.
    8. ______________ Vietnamese have been described as energetic, sentimental, proud, and hardworking
    9. ____________ course allows students to progress at their own speed, and they are making much progress in
    awareness of cultural diversity.
    10. There is _____________ obvious contrast between _______________ cultures of East and West; however,
    European cultures contrast with that of the USA.
    II. Fill in the gap with "a" or "the" to complete the passage.
    (1) ___________ wedding is the ceremony where (2) _________ couple gets married. On their wedding
    day, (3) ___________ bride and groom may exchange wedding gifts or rings. Before the wedding, the groom
    usually asks his brother, best friend or father to be his best man. (4) __________ best man helps the groom get
    ready for (5) ____________ ceremony and makes sure nothing goes wrong at the wedding. The bride may have
    one or more bridesmaids. The bridesmaid keeps (6) ___________ bride calm, helps her get ready and looks
    after her dress. After the wedding ceremony, there is usually (7) _____________ reception for the guests.
    Traditionally, the bride and groom go on their honeymoon immediately after (8) _____________ wedding
    reception. Nowadays, (9) __________ majority of couples wait for a few days before they leave on honeymoon.

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