Application Note: Limit Test For Rutin and Quercetin in Ginkgo Leaf Dried Extract (Ginkgo Biloba L.)
Application Note: Limit Test For Rutin and Quercetin in Ginkgo Leaf Dried Extract (Ginkgo Biloba L.)
Application Note: Limit Test For Rutin and Quercetin in Ginkgo Leaf Dried Extract (Ginkgo Biloba L.)
Keywords
Introduction
Scope
This method detects adulteration of ginkgo leaf extract (Ginkgo biloba L.) with
levels ≥ 0.5% of quercetin and ≥ 4% of rutin based on the HPTLC fingerprint
of flavonoids.
Recommended devices
Automatic TLC Sampler (ATS 4), Automatic Developing Chamber (ADC 2),
Chromatogram Immersion Device 3, TLC Visualizer, visionCATS software
Samples
Chromatography
Sample application 3 µL of each standard and sample solution are applied as bands with ATS 4,
15 tracks, band length 8 mm, track distance 11.4 mm, distance from left edge
20 mm, distance from lower edge 8 mm.
Developing solvent Ethyl acetate, water, anhydrous formic acid, and glacial acetic acid
100:26:11:11 (v/v/v/v)
Development In the ADC 2 with chamber saturation (20 minutes). Plates are activated at
33% relative humidity for 10 min using a saturated solution of magnesium
chloride (MgCl2).
Reagent use: Heat plate at 100°C for 3 min, dip (time 0, speed 3) the warm
plate in NP reagent.
Chromatograms of reference solution, ginkgo leaf extract and test solutions (products)
under UV 254 nm
Fig. 1) Rutin (track 1), ginkgo extract (track 2), and ginkgo products (containing leaf extract) (tracks 3-5) prior to
derivatization under UV 254 nm. Image of the chromatogram (left) and peak profile of the image (right).
Chromatograms of reference solution, ginkgo leaf extract and test solutions (products)
under UV 366 nm after derivatization
Fig. 2) Rutin (track 1), ginkgo extract (representing 0.5% of quercetin in the extract) (track 2) and ginkgo products
(containing leaf extract) (tracks 3-5) after derivatization under UV 366 nm. Image of the chromatogram (left) and
peak profile of the image (right).
Limit test for rutin from Fig. 1 Limit test for quercetin from Fig. 2
Fig. 3) Peak heights at the position of rutin in the ref- Fig. 4) Peak heights at the position of quercetin in the
erence and test solution. Rutin reference solution @ extract and test solution). Ginkgo extract (represent-
0.4 mg/mL (red bar), ginkgo extract (orange bar) and ing 0.5% of quercetin in the extract, orange bar) and
ginkgo products (dark blue, gray and light blue bars). ginkgo products (dark blue, gray and light blue bars).
Literature
[1] Gafner, S., 2018. Adulteration of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract. Botanical Adulteration Bulletin, 1-8.
[2] Frommenwiler, D.A., Kim, J., Yook, C.S., Tran, T.T.T., Cañigueral, S., Reich, E., 2018. Compre-
hensive HPTLC fingerprinting for quality control of an herbal drug - the case of Angelica gigas root.
Planta Med 84, 465-474.
[3] The United States Pharmacopoeia, 2015b. Monograph for powdered ginkgo extract. In: Pharma-
copoeial Convention 38–NF33, Rockville, MD, USA pp. 6064-6067.