A

MICRO PROJECT REPORT

ON
“Kit for over voltagre under voltage protection”
SUBMITTED BY –

1. 41 Rakesh Rajaram Kamble

2. 42 Omkar Vishnu Satapute

3. 43 Mayuresh Dilip Bidre

4. 44 Aniket Dilip Kumbhar

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Mr. N.S.Patil

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND

TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING, SANJAY
GHODAWAT POLYTECHNIC, ATIGRE ACADEMIC
YEAR: 2020-21
 Certificate
This is to certify that the Micro project work entitled

“Kit for over voltagre under voltage protection”

Has been successfully completed by

1. 41 Rakesh Rajaram Kamble

2. 42 Omkar Vishnu Satapute

3. 43 Mayuresh Dilip Bidre

4. 44 Aniket Dilip Kumbhar

In fulfillment for the

Diploma in electronics and
telecommunication Engineering
Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education
During the academic year 2020-21under the guidance of

Mr. N.S.Jadhav Mr.N.S. Patil Mr. V.V. Giri

Project Guide H.O.D Principal

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

During the selection of topic entitled as “Kit for over voltagre under voltage
protection” the help we received from our professors, family, and friends is invaluable and we
are forever indebted to them.
We would first like to express our gratitude to our Principal Prof.V.V.Giri Our HOD
Mr. N.S.Patil our Project Guide Mr.N.S.Jadhav for their immense support, suggestion,
encouragement and interest in our micro project work. Without their invaluable suggestions our
project selection would be incomplete.

1. 41 Rakesh Rajaram Kamble

2. 42 Omkar Vishnu Satapute

3. 43 Mayuresh Dilip Bidre

4. 44 Aniket Dilip Kumbhar

Date:-
Place:-Atigre

Academic Year 2020-21

 INDEX

Sr. No Chapter Name Page No

1 Introduction 5

2 Working 6
Causes
3 7
4 Application 8
5 Objective 9
6 Conclusion 10
7 Reference 11
 Kit for over voltagre under voltage protection

Introduction

Recent year one major problem in industry as well as house hold is sudden over
voltage or under voltage which results damage the equipment. Electronic based load increases day
by day in household as well as industrial application and they are very sensitive to voltage variation.
In this project, focus the protect the equipment in case of over voltage or under voltage and the
study of over voltage and under voltage, various power quality issues.

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 Kit for over voltagre under voltage protection

Working
For the satisfactory working of all electrical and electronic devices, it is recommended to allow
voltage at prescribed limits. Voltage fluctuations in electric power supply certainly have adverse
effects on connected loads. These fluctuations can be of over voltage and under voltages which are
caused by several reasons like voltage surges, lightning, overload, etc. Over voltages are the voltages
that exceed the normal or rated values which cause insulation damage to electrical appliances leading
to short circuits. Similarly, under-voltage causes overloading of the equipment leading to lamp flickers
and inefficient performance of the equipment. Thus, this article is intended to give under and
overvoltage protection circuit schemes with different control structures.

1. Under and Over Voltage Protection Circuit Using Comparators

This voltage protection circuit is designed to develop a low-voltage and high-voltage tripping
mechanism to protect a load from any damage. In many of the homes and industries fluctuations in AC
mains supply take place frequently. The electronic devices get easily damaged due to fluctuations. To
overcome this problem, we can implement a tripping mechanism of under / overvoltage protection
circuit to protect the loads from the undue damage.

2. Under and Over Voltage Protection Circuit using Timers

This is another under / overvoltage protection circuit for designing low- voltage and high
voltage protection mechanism to protect the load from damage. This simple electronics circuit uses
timers in place of comparator as in the above case as a control mechanism. These two timers
combination delivers an error output to switch the relay mechanism when the voltage violates its
prescribed limits. Thus, it protects the appliances from the adverse effects of supply voltage.

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 Kit for over voltagre under voltage protection

Causes

 Causes of over voltages:

Overvoltage are less common than under voltage but they also arise due to
system faults. Overvoltage can occur due to single line to ground fault, which in turn will raise the

voltage of the other phases. It can also cause due to disconnection of heavy industrial loads or
switching on the capacitor banks. This is generally due to ungrounded or floating ground delta
systems, where a change in ground reference would give voltage rise to the ungrounded system.
Causes of overvoltage are mainly due to energization of capacitor bank. It can also be generated by
sudden load deduction. Due to the disconnection of load there is a sudden reduction of current,
which will give rise the voltage, where L is the inductance of the line. The effects of overvoltage are

more severe and destructive. It may cause the electrical equipment to fail, due to overheating caused
by high voltage. Also electronic and other sensitive equipment are prone to malfunction.

Applications
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 Kit for over voltagre under voltage protection

 Industrial machinery

 House hold items like TV , refrigerator

 Agriculture motors

 Water pumps

 Microwave oven

Objective
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 Kit for over voltagre under voltage protection

In the kit Over/Under Voltage Protection first block is power supply in which the
input is 230V AC which is step down using the transformer (12-0-12) . ... The Objective of the kit
Over/Under Voltage Protection is to design a system to protect the system from the over voltage and
under voltage condition

Conclusion

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 Kit for over voltagre under voltage protection

From above discussion it has cleared that of under voltage and overvoltage
problem are very common and can create problem for consumer good and industrial application. So
system should be protected by certain protection scheme. So here system modeled using comparator
and relay to disconnect supply when any overvoltage and under voltage problem occurs.

Reference

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 Kit for over voltagre under voltage protection

 https://www.elprocus.com/under-and-overvoltage-protection-circuit/

 https://images.app.goo.gl/SW1W2gdStmNoAAHJ9

 https://images.app.goo.gl/ZWu6xwVTpa3SXnsu9

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 Kit for over voltagre under voltage protection

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