Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

Basic First Aid

(Ms. Laiza D. Tantoco)
Instructor
NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa
Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

What is First Aid?

•First aid refers to medical attention that is usually administered
immediately after the injury occurs and at the location where it
occurred. It often consists of a one-time, short-term treatment
and requires little technology or training to administer.

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

The aims of first aid - The 3 Ps

1. Preserve life
Your first aim is to preserve
life by carrying out emergency
first aid procedures.
For example, opening a casualty’s airway or
performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
•Preserving life should always be the overall aim of all first
aiders. Remember though, this includes your own life! You
should never put yourself or others in danger.

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

Basic Life Support

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=n7kqiAu2gC8

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

The aims of first aid - The 3 Ps

2. Prevent deterioration
The second aim of first aid is to
prevent the casualty’s condition
from deteriorating any further.
For example, asking a casualty with a broken
limb to stay still and padding around the
injury will prevent the fracture from moving
and causing further injury or pain.

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

The aims of first aid - The 3 Ps

3. Promote recovery
Finally, you can promote
recovery by arranging prompt
emergency medical help. In addition, simple
first aid can significantly affect the long-term
recovery of an injury.
For example, quickly cooling a burn will reduce the risk
of long-term scarring and will encourage early healing.

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

Principles of First Aid

● Preserve Life. ...
● Prevent Deterioration. ...
● Promote Recovery. ...
● Taking immediate action. ...
● Calming down the situation. ...
● Calling for medical assistance. ...
● Apply the relevant treatment.

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

First aid Kit

A set of materials and tools used for giving emergency
treatment to a sick or injured person.

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

10 Great reasons why we need a

First aid Kit
1. Response when there is no responder - There is
never a good place to get hurt but when help is out
of reach, a first aid kit is your next best friend. You
can’t always count on others to help so be
prepared.
2. We only have so much blood - Scary but true. If
your injury involves blood-loss, you only have
precious seconds to get the necessary supplies to
stop the bleeding. Keeping a first aid kit close by
can provide the extra time you need to seek help.

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

10 Great reasons why we need a

First aid Kit
3. Kids will be kids - You can count on kids getting hurt.
Lack of experience or just plain recklessness all add up to
someone getting hurt. Cuts, scrapes and burns are
common injuries to expect so prepare a first aid kit with the
appropriate supplies.
4. Liability - nobody wants to think about being sued.
Businesses are required by law to keep first aid supplies
readily available when there is no first response within 10
minutes. Be sure your first aid kit is stocked with the
required ANSI first aid items.

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

10 Great reasons why we need a

First aid Kit

5. Protect your employees or people you care about

- When an injury occurs, a stocked first aid kit can save
someone’s life. Think about others who are risking
injury while on the job and do the right thing. Let
everyone know you have a stocked first aid kit ready to
use and tell them where it is in case an accident occurs.

6. Cost savings - It is cheaper to clean a cut and put on

a bandage than it is to travel to a clinic and seek first
aid. First aid kits are designed to manage all types of
injuries including basic cuts, scrapes and burns. Save
yourself money and keep a stocked first aid kit close by.

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

10 Great reasons why we need a

First aid Kit
7. Accidents are unexpected - Being prepared can
reduce panic and provide the necessary aid. Always
check your inventory monthly to make sure your first
aid kit is ready to use when the unexpected takes
place.
8. Time is of the essence - A first aid kit is just that;
“First Aid”. Having one ready provides temporary aid
until you can get help. No kit means no immediate
help. Precious time to respond can mean further
injury, life or death.

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

10 Great reasons why we need a

First aid Kit

9. Small injuries can become big injuries - The

longer you wait for treatment, the more severe
your injury can become. Immediate treatment can
reduce risk.
10. Peace of mind - Being prepared, doing the
right thing and even being able to help others
when injury occurs is reason enough to want a
first aid kit close by.

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

Minor Cuts
Take the following steps:
1. Stop the Bleeding
•Apply direct pressure on the area.
2. Clean and Protect
•Clean the area with warm water and gentle soap.
•Apply an antibiotic ointment to reduce chance of
infection.
•Put a sterile bandage on the area. In some
people, antibiotic ointments may cause a rash. If
this happens, stop using the ointment.
NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa
Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

Minor Cuts

3. Call a Healthcare Provider

•Call a health care provider if:
•The cut is deep or over a joint
•You cannot get the cut or laceration clean
•The injury is a deep puncture wound or the
person has not had a recent (within the last 5 to
10 years) tetanus shot or booster
•The cut is from a human or animal bite.

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

Minor Cuts

4. Follow Up
•For a minor cut or laceration, remove bandage
after a couple of days to promote healing.
•See a health care provider if the cut doesn't heal
or shows signs of infection, including redness,
swelling, pus, or excessive pain.

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

Burns
- are tissue damage that results from
heat, overexposure to the sun or other
radiation, or chemical or electrical
contact. Burns can be minor medical
problems or life-threatening
emergencies. The treatment of burns
depends on the location and severity
of the damage.
NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa
Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

Burns

damage only the outer layer

of skin.

damage the outer layer and

the layer underneath.

damage or destroy the

deepest layer of skin and
tissues underneath.
NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa
Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

For All Burns

1. Stop Burning Immediately

·Put out fire or stop the person's contact with hot
liquid, steam, or other material.
·Help the person "stop, drop, and roll" to smother
flames.
·Remove smoldering material from the person.
·Remove hot or burned clothing. If clothing sticks
to skin, cut or tear around it.

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

2. Remove Constrictive Clothing Immediately

• Take off jewelry, belts, and tight clothing. Burns
can swell quickly.
• Then take the following steps:

For First-Degree Burns (Affecting Top Layer of

Skin)
1. Cool Burn
Hold burned skin under cool (not cold) running water
or immerse in cool water until the pain subsides.
Use compresses if running water isn't available.

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

2. Protect Burn
Cover with sterile, non-adhesive bandage or
➢ ·

clean cloth.
Do not apply butter, oil, lotions, or creams
➢ ·

(especially if they contain fragrance). Apply a

petroleum-based ointment two to three times per
day.
3. Treat Pain
➢Give over-the-counter pain reliever such as
acetaminophen (Panadol, Tylenol), ibuprofen
(Advil, Motrin, Nuprin), or naproxen (Aleve,
Naprosyn).
NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa
Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

Heat stroke is a medical emergency. Seek immediate

emergency care if you think someone might have heat stroke.

Lower Body Temperature While Waiting for Emergency

Services to Arrive.
❖ Get the person into air conditioning if possible or out of the sun
and into the shade.
❖ Spray the person with cool water or apply cold wet cloths or ice
packs to the armpits, neck, and groin. Fan air across the person
to increase cooling. These methods help cool the person more
quickly.
Treat Symptoms
➢ If the person experiences seizures, keep them safe from injury.
➢ If the person vomits, turn the person on their side to keep the
airway open.
NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa
Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

Sprains and Strains Treatment

1. Control Swelling With RICE Therapy
•RICE stands for:
·Rest the sprained or strained area. If necessary, use a sling
for an arm injury or crutches for a leg or foot injury. Splint an
injured finger or toe by taping it to an adjacent finger or toe.
·Ice for 20 minutes every hour. Never put ice directly against

the skin or it may damage the skin. Use a thin towel for
protection.
·Compress by wrapping an elastic (Ace) bandage or sleeve

lightly (not tightly) around the joint or limb. Specialized braces,

such as for the ankle, can work better than an elastic bandage
for removing the swelling.
·Elevate the area above heart level if possible.

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

Sprains and Strains Treatment

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

Animal Bites Treatment

1. Stop Bleeding
·Apply direct pressure until bleeding stops.
2. Clean and Protect
• For a wound or superficial scratch from an
animal bite
• Gently clean with soap and water. Rinse for
several minutes after cleaning.
• Apply antibiotic cream to reduce risk of
infection, and cover with a sterile bandage

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

Animal Bites Treatment

3. Get Help
• Get medical help immediately for any animal bite
that is more than a superficial scratch or if the
animal was a wild animal or stray, regardless of
the severity of the injury.
• If the animal's owner is available, find out if the
animal's rabies shots are up-to-date. Give this
information to your healthcare provider.
• If the animal was a stray or wild animal, call the
local health department or animal control
immediately.
NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa
Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

Animal Bites Treatment

4. Follow Up
• The healthcare provider will make sure the wound is
thoroughly clean and may prescribe antibiotics.
• The healthcare provider may numb the wound and
look for any deeper damage.
• If there is any risk of rabies infection, the health care
provider will recommend anti-rabies treatment.
• The person may require stitches, depending on how
big the wound is and where it is located.
• The person may also require a tetanus shot or
booster.

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa

Service to GOD and Community, Order and Peace , Assurance of Quality and Accountability, Respect and Responsibility

Accidents do happen;
make first aid as your best mate.

NSTP : Makadiyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, Makabansa