Session03 - International Standard Symbols ISO 1219

3/4/2019
▐ Objectives
Fluid power symbols
After finishing this lecture you should be able to:
 Describe symbols and circuits in fluid power
systems.
 Identify standardization in fluid power.
Mechanical engineering Department

Dr. Mohamed Saber Sokar
2 Dr. Mohamed Saber Sokar
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▐ Fluid Power Symbols and Circuit Diagrams ▐ Fluid Power Symbols and Circuit Diagrams
 Symbols are used in all parts of the world for  Graphic symbol does not show the actual
designating components in fluid power circuits construction of the unit
 Graphic symbol are relatively simple to draw
 Graphic symbol represent the

 Type
 Function
 Operation
 External connection
 Fluid power graphic Symbols must be created
according to ISO 1219.
3 Dr. Mohamed Saber Sokar 4 Dr. Mohamed Saber Sokar
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 Purpose of international standard

 to provide a system of fluid power graphic
symbols for industrial and educational purposes.
 To simplify design, fabrication, analysis, and
service of fluid power circuits.
 to provide fluid power graphic symbols, which are
internationally recognized.
 to promote universal understanding of fluid power
systems.
٥ ٦
 Joining of lines (T-type connection) in a circuit is  Other graphic elements designate the operating
represented by a graphic symbol, which is a dot medium of the system, direction of movement,
or the source of system energy
 For example, a small, equilateral triangle shows the
type of fluid and the direction of energy flow
 Non joining line are shown as an arc crossing
without a dot.
 The intersection is not necessarily at a 90° angle.
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 Pumps (Hydraulic)  Actuators
 Linear actuators ■ Rotary actuators

Fixed displacement Variable displacement Bi-directional Reversible
Pump Piston Pump pump variable
(Single direction) Hydraulic Controlled pump
 Compressor (Pneumatic)
٩ ١٠
▐ Basic valve graphic symbols ▐ Pressure control valves

 One or more box shapes serve as the basic  Symbols for pressure control valves are shown
symbol for control valves as normally open or normally closed
 Each box represents a single valve position.  Normally open valve is open at rest, allowing flow
 Boxes are drawn with contiguous sides when the through the valve
symbol depicts a multiple-position valve  Normally closed valve is closed at rest, blocking
flow through the valve
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▐ Flow control valve ▐ Flow control valve

 Simplified symbol for an adjustable flow control
valve shows an orifice with an arrow drawn  Symbols for pressure-
diagonally across it. and temperature-
compensated flow
 Arrow indicates the orifice is adjustable control valves;
 When appropriate, symbols also indicate symbols may be
pressure and temperature compensation combined
١٣ ١٤
▐ Reservoir and returning line ▐ Basic fluid-conditioning devices

 A number of reservoir  Fluid-conditioning devices include filters,
symbols are shown in a separators, air dryers, lubricators and heat
typical circuit diagram exchangers
 Only one reservoir exists in  Basic graphic symbol for fluid conditioning
most systems devices is a square shown resting on one corner
 Using multiple reservoir
symbols reduces the
complexity of a diagram by
eliminating the return lines
extending from the
components to the reservoir
١٥ ١٦
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▐ Basic measuring instruments ▐ Fluid Power Symbols and Circuit Diagrams

 A number of measuring instruments and specialized  A number of mechanisms are used to control
electrical switches are represented by individual the valves in a fluid power system:
symbols  Muscular / manual
 Basic graphic symbol for measuring instruments is  Mechanical
a circle  Electrical
 Basic graphic symbol for switches is a square  Pressure
 Control mechanisms are shown on the end of

the general valve graphic symbol
– Pilot (pressure) and solenoid (electrical) control symbols usually
are shown in boxes
– Muscular and mechanical control devices have separate symbols
attached to the valve symbol
١٧ ١٨
▐ Actuating / Input signal ▐ Actuating / Input signal
 Manual Operator  Mechanical  Pilot ‫اشارة ارشادية‬
Plunger Pilot pressure

General manual Lever
Spring normally Differential pressure

as a return
Push button Pedal
Roller  Electrical
Pull button Treadle
Uni-direction
or one way trip Coil /solenoid
Push / pull button Rotary knob

Detent in 3 positions
١٩ ٢٠
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3/4/2019
▐ Actuating / Input signal
 Electrical and pilot

Air operated valves may be operated in rest
n o p ressure pres s ure
Solenoids are never operated in rest
3/2 DCV
Single Solenoid
Spring Offset)
٢١ ٢٢

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3/4/2019

Mechanical engineering Department

 Graphic symbol represent the

 Purpose of international standard

5 Dr. Mohamed Saber Sokar 6 Dr. Mohamed Saber Sokar

7 Dr. Mohamed Saber Sokar 8 Dr. Mohamed Saber Sokar

 Pumps (Hydraulic)  Actuators

 Linear actuators ■ Rotary actuators

9 Dr. Mohamed Saber Sokar 10 Dr. Mohamed Saber Sokar

▐ Basic valve graphic symbols ▐ Pressure control valves

11 Dr. Mohamed Saber Sokar 12 Dr. Mohamed Saber Sokar

▐ Flow control valve ▐ Flow control valve

13 Dr. Mohamed Saber Sokar 14 Dr. Mohamed Saber Sokar

▐ Reservoir and returning line ▐ Basic fluid-conditioning devices

▐ Basic measuring instruments ▐ Fluid Power Symbols and Circuit Diagrams

 Control mechanisms are shown on the end of

17 Dr. Mohamed Saber Sokar 18 Dr. Mohamed Saber Sokar

▐ Actuating / Input signal ▐ Actuating / Input signal

 Manual Operator  Mechanical  Pilot ‫اشارة ارشادية‬

Plunger Pilot pressure

Spring normally Differential pressure

Push / pull button Rotary knob

19 Dr. Mohamed Saber Sokar 20 Dr. Mohamed Saber Sokar

▐ Actuating / Input signal

 Electrical and pilot

n o p ressure pres s ure

Solenoids are never operated in rest

21 Dr. Mohamed Saber Sokar 42 Dr. Mohamed Saber Sokar

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