Space Fire-Safe Polymers Are: Polymer
Space Fire-Safe Polymers Are: Polymer
Space Fire-Safe Polymers Are: Polymer
A gasket is a mechanical seal that fills the space between two mating surfaces,may also be called
a seal, generally to prevent leakage from or into the joined objects while under compression.
Gaskets save money by allowing "less-than-perfect" mating surfaces on machine parts which can
use a gasket to fill irregularities. Gaskets are commonly produced by cutting from sheet materials,
such as gasket paper, rubber, silicone, metal, cork, felt, neoprene,nitrile rubber, fiberglass, or
a plastic polymer (such as polychlorotrifluoroethylene). Gaskets for specific applications may
contain asbestos. It is usually desirable that the gasket be made from a material that is to some
degree yielding such that it is able to deform and tightly fills the space it is designed for, including
any slight irregularities. A few gaskets require an application of sealant directly to the gasket
surface to function properly.
Agriculture
Polylactic acid or polylactide (PLA) is
a biodegradable, thermoplastic, aliphatic polyester derived from renewable resources, such
as corn starch (in the U.S.) orsugarcanes (rest of world). Although PLA has been known for more
than a century, it has only been of commercial interest in recent years, in light of its
biodegradability.
Stereocomplex blends of PDLA and PLLA have a wide range of applications, such as woven shirts
(ironability), microwavable trays, hot-fill applications and even engineering plastics (in this case,
the stereocomplex is blended with a rubber-like polymer such as ABS). Such blends also have
good form-stability and visual transparency, making them useful for low-end packaging
applications. Progress in bio-technology has resulted in the development of commercial production
of the D enantiomer form, something that was not possible until recently.[
PLA has also been used in France to serve as the binder in Isonat Nat’isol, an hemp fiber building
insulation.
Building
Construction applications: Superplasticizers with AMPS are used to reduce water
in concrete formulations. Benefits of these additives include improved strength, improved
workability, improved durability of cement mixtures.[22] Redispersible polymer powder, when AMPS
is introduced, in cement mixtures control air pore content and prevent agglomeration of powders
during the spray-drying process from the powder manufacturing and storage.[23] Coating
formulations with AMPS-containing polymers prevent calcium ions from being formed as lime on
concrete surface and improve the appearance and durability of coating.
Two part epoxy coatings were developed for heavy duty service on metal substrates and use less
energy than heat-cured powder coatings. These systems use a 4:1 by volume mixing ratio, and
dries quickly providing a tough, UV resistant, protective coating with excellent ultimate hardness.
Their low volatility and water clean up makes them useful for factory cast iron, cast steel, cast
aluminum applications and reduces exposure and flammability issues associated with solvent-
borne coatings. They are usually used in industrial and automotive applications since they are
more heat resistant than latex-based and alkyd-based paints.
Carbon fiber reinforced polymer has over the past two decades become an increasingly notable material
used in structural engineering applications. Studied in an academic context as to its potential benefits in
construction, it has also proved itself cost-effective in a number of field applications strengthening
concrete, masonry, steel, cast iron, and timber structures. Its use in industry can be either for retrofitting
to strengthen an existing structure or as an alternative reinforcing (or prestressing material) instead of
steel from the outset of a project.
Retrofitting has become the increasingly dominant use of the material in civil engineering, and applications
include increasing the load capacity of old structures (such as bridges) that were designed to tolerate far
lower service loads than they are experiencing today, seismic retrofitting, and repair of damaged
structures. Retrofitting is popular in many instances as the cost of replacing the deficient structure can
greatly exceed its strengthening using CFRP
Polyester epoxies are used as powder coatings for washers, driers and other "white
goods". Fusion Bonded Epoxy Powder Coatings (FBE) are extensively used for corrosion
protection of steel pipes and fittings
Space
Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer or carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP or CRP), is a very strong, light, and
expensive composite material or fiber-reinforced polymer. Similar to fiberglass (glass reinforced polymer),
the composite material is commonly referred to by the name of its reinforcing fibers (carbon fiber).
The polymer is most often epoxy, but other polymers, such as polyester, vinyl ester or nylon, are
sometimes used. Some composites contain both carbon fiber and other fibers such as kevlar, aluminium,
and fiberglass reinforcement. The terms graphite-reinforced polymer or graphite fiber-reinforced
polymer (GFRP) are also used, but less commonly, since glass-(fiber)-reinforced polymer can also be
called GFRP. In product advertisements, it is sometimes referred to simply as graphite fiber (or graphite
fibre), for short.
It has many applications in aerospace .
In the aerospace industry, epoxy is used as a structural matrix material which is then reinforced by
fiber. Typical fiber reinforcements include glass, carbon, Kevlar, and boron. Epoxies are also used
as a structural glue. Materials like wood, and others that are 'low-tech' are glued with epoxy resin.
One example would be the RJ.03 IBIS homebuilt canard aircraft. This design is based on a classic
wooden lattice structured fuselage and a classic wooden spar, internally stiffened with foam and
completely covered with plywood. Except for the plywood covering the wings, everything is glued
with epoxy resin.