VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Jnana Sangama, Belagavi, Karnataka-590 014

AN INTERNSHIP REPORT
ON

“CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS AND CULVERTS”

Internship report submitted in partial fulfilment of the
requirement for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING
Submitted by

NAVITH KUMAR T S 1NH16CV071

Under the guidance of

Dr. MAHESHA N
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR

NEW HORIZON COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL
ENGINEERING BANGALORE-
560 103
1
 2019-20

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
It is certified that the Internship work entitled “CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS AND
CULVERTS” carried out by NAVITH KUMAR T S (1NH16CV071) the bonafide
students of New Horizon College of Engineering, Bengaluru, in partial
fulfilment for the award of Bachelor of Engineering in Civil Engineering of the
Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi during the year 2019-2020.
It is further certified that all corrections/suggestions indicated for internal
assessment has been incorporated in the report deposited in the department
library. The Internship work has been approved as it satisfies the academic
requirements in respect of Internship Work prescribed for the Bachelor of
Engineering degree.

Signature of the Guide Signature of the HOD Signature of the Principal

Dr. MAHESHA N Dr. NIRANJAN P S Dr. MANJUNATHA
Associate professor Prof. and HoD-CV Principal
Dept. of Civil Engineering. Dept. of Civil Engineering. NHCE

Name of the student: University Seat Number:

NAVITH KUMAR T S 1NH16CV071

External Viva
Examiner Signature with date:

1. 2

2.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We thank the Lord Almighty for showering His blessings on us.

It is indeed a great pleasure to recall the people who have helped us in carrying out this
internship. Naming all the people who have helped us in achieving this goal would be
impossible, yet we attempt to thank a selected few who have helped use in diverse
ways.

We wish to express our sincere gratitude to Dr. Manjunatha, Principal, NHCE,

Bangalore, for providing us with facilities to carry out this internship project.

We wish to express our sincere gratitude to Dr. Niranjan P S, Prof. & HoD-Civil Engg.,
for his constant encouragement and cooperation.

We wish to express our sincere gratitude to our teacher and internal guide

Dr. Mahesha N, Associate professor, in the Department of Civil Engg., NHCE, for his
valuable suggestions, guidance, care & attention shown during the planning, conduction
stages of this internship work.

We wish to express our external guide Mr. Subba Reddy, AEE Engineer, for his valuable
suggestions, guidance, care & attention shown during the planning, conduction stages
of this internship work and for giving an opportunity in the company.

We express our sincere thanks to project coordinators, all the staff members and non-
teaching staff of Department of Civil Engineering, for the kind cooperation extended by
them.

We thank our parents for their support and encouragement throughout the course of
our studies.

NAVITH KUMAR T S

(1NH16CV071)

3
INDEX
Sl. No Name Page. No
1 Introduction 7
1.1 Road transportation 7
1.1.1 Types of road transportation 8-9
1.2 Culverts 9
1.2.1 Materials for culvert construction 9
1.2.2 Location of culverts 10
1.2.3 Types of culverts 10-11
2 Description of the organization 12-13
3 General roles and responsibilities of the intern 13
3.1 Responsibilities of the internship students 13
3.2 Responsibilities of the site supervisor 13-15
4 Various activities carried out during internship program 16
4.1 Cleaning and grubbing 16
4.2 Excavation and embankment 17
4.3 Sub grade for new pavement 18
4.4 Granular sub –base 19
4.5 Wet mix macadam 20
4.6 Dense bituminous macadam 21
4.7 Base course 22
4.8 Scarification 22-23
4.9 Sub grade for existing pavement 23
4.10 Granular sub-base for existing pavement 24
4.11 Wet mix macadam for existing pavement 25
4.12 Base course for existing pavement 26
4.13 Pipe culvert 27
4.14 Slab culvert 28
4.15 Box culvert 29
4.16 Plan and elevation of culverts 30-32
5 Work experience take ways 33
5.1 New and improved skills 33
5.2 Knowledge of the field and understanding the industry 33
5.3 Recommendation and reference 34
5.4 Network 34
5.5 Sense of professionalism 34
56. Career direction, clarity and career planning 34-35
5.7 A job in or out of the company 35
5.8 Completed projects and presentations 35
6 The tips and take ways for making the most of internship 36
6.1 Focus on building relationship 36
6.2 Gain knowledge of the field 37
6.3 Add new skills to your resume 37
6.4 Create career goals 38
6.5 Gather glowing references 38
7 Skills take way from internship 39-41
8 Conclusion 42
LIST OF FIGURES
Sl. No Name Page. No
1 Cleaning and grubbing 16
2 Excavation and embankment 17
3 Sub grade for new pavement 18
4 Granular sub –base 19
5 Wet mix macadam 20
6 Dense bituminous macadam 21
7 Base course 22
8 Scarification 23
9 Sub grade for existing pavement 23
10 Granular sub-base for existing pavement 24
11 Wet mix macadam for existing pavement 25
12 Base course for existing pavement 26
13 Pipe culvert 27
14 Slab culvert 28
15 Box culvert 29
16 Plan and elevation of culverts 30-32
CHAPTER – 01

INTRODUCTION:
1.1. Road transportation
Road transportation is a type of transport by using roads .Road transport means
transportation of goods and personnel from one place to the other on roads.
Road is a route between two destinations, which has been either paved or
worked on to enable transportation by way of motorized and non- motorized
carriages. There are many advantages of road transport in comparison to other
means of transport. The investment required in road transport is very less
compared to other modes of transport such as railways and air transport. The
cost of construction, operating cost and maintaining roads is cheaper than that
of the railways .Road transport can be classified as transporting either goods or
materials or transporting people. The major advantage of road transport is that it
can enable door-to-door delivery of goods and materials and can provide a very
cost-effective means of cartage, loading and unloading. Sometimes road
transport is the only way for carrying goods and people to and from rural areas
which are not catered to by rail, water or air transport. Delivery of goods
between cities, towns and small villages is made possible only through road
transport. However, in spite of various uses, road transport has its major
limitations. For example, there are more chances of accidents and breakdowns
in case of road transport. So, motor transport is not as safe as other means of
transport. Road transport is also quite less organized in comparison with other
modes. It is irregular and undependable. Rates for road transportation are also
unstable and unequal, while the speed in road transport is slow and limited,
which is a major drawback. Transporting bulky goods over long distances is
also unsuitable and costly. In modern days, road transport has a serious negative
impact on the environment. Building roads requires melting of tar or
formulation of concrete, which may harm the associated environment. Since
roads have been a major enabler of motorized transport, these vehicles also emit
a lot of pollution in the form of Nitrogen dioxide, volatile organic compounds,
carbon monoxide and various harmful air pollutants, including benzene, which
have an adverse respiratory health effects and a serious threat to global
warming. While improvisation of roads is a serious topic of research, road
transport of the future includes aspects like solar panel roads and cars where
solar cells have replaced asphalt or tar, and there are vehicles with electric
motors reducing emission. Road transport of the future aims to work on these
negativities and turn them around.

1.1.1. Types of road transportation:

Based on Materials:

1. Earthen roads
2. Gravel roads
3. Murrum roads
4. Kankar roads
5. WBM roads
6. Bituminous roads
7. Concrete roads

1. Earthen Roads

Earthen roads are laid with soil. They are cheaper than all types of roads.
This type of road is provided for fewer traffic areas or countryside areas.
A good drainage system should be provided, which reflects excellent
performance for a more extended period.

2. Gravel Roads

Gravel roads are also low-quality roads, but they are better when
compared with earthen roads. A compacted mixture of gravel and earth is
used as pavement material in this case.

3. Murrum Roads

Murrum is a matter obtained from the disintegration of igneous rocks by

weathering agencies. This is used to make roads called murrum roads.

4. Kankar Roads

Kankar is an impure form of limestone. Kankar roads are provided where

lime is available in a reasonable quantity. The Kankar roads are low
quality and performance.
 5. WBM Roads

Water Bound Macadam (WBM) roads contain crushed stone aggregate in

its base course. The aggregates are spread on the surface and rolled after
sprinkling water. WBM roads provide better performance compared to
earthen, gravel, murrum, and kankar roads.
WBM roads are laid as layers of about 10cm thickness of each layer.
They are very rough and may disintegrate immediately under traffic.

6. Bituminous Roads

Bituminous roads are prevalent roads around the world. They are the
most used roads in the world. This road types are low in cost and suitable
for driving conditions. The thickness of bituminous roads depends upon
the sub grade soil conditions.

7. Concrete Roads

Cement concrete is used to construct the pavements in case of concrete

roads. These are very popular and costlier than all other types of roads.
They are not flexible, so they require less maintenance. Concrete roads
are suitable for high traffic areas. They are laid with joints and time of
construction is more.

1.2. Culvert:
It is defined as a tunnel structure constructed under roadways or railways to
provide cross drainage or to take electrical or other cables from one side to
other. It is totally enclosed by soil or ground. Pipe culvert, box culvert and arch
culvert are the common types used under roadways and railways.
The design of culvert is based on hydraulic, water surface elevation, and
roadway height and other conditions. These are used for water flow in a
controlled way.

1.2.1. Materials for Culvert Construction:

Culverts are like pipes but very large in size. They are made of many materials
like

 Concrete
  Steel
 Plastic
 Aluminium
 high density polyethylene
In most cases concrete culverts are preferred. Concrete culverts may be
reinforced or non-reinforced. In some cases culverts are constructed in site
called cast in situ culverts. Precast culverts are also available. By the
combination above materials we can also get composite culvert types
.

1.2.2. Location of Culverts:

The location of culverts should be based on economy and usage. Generally it is

recommended that the provisions of culverts under roadway or railway are
economical. There is no need to construct separate embankment or anything for
providing culverts.
The provided culverts should be perpendicular to the roadway. It should be of
greater dimensions to allow maximum water level and should be located in such
a way that flow should be easily done. It is possible by providing required
gradient.

1.2.3. Types of Culverts:

Pipe Culvert:
Pipe culverts are widely used culverts and rounded in shape. The culverts may
be of single in number or multiple. If single pipe culvert is used then larger
diameter culvert is installed. If the width of channel is greater than we will go
for multiple pipe culverts. They are suitable for larger flows very well. The
diameter of pipe culverts ranges from 1 meter to 6m. These are made of
concrete or steel.

Pipe Arch Culvert:

Pipe arch culverts means nothing but they looks like half circle shaped culverts.
Pipe arch culverts are suitable for larger water flows but the flow should be
stable. Because of arch shape fishes or sewage in the drainage easily carried to
the outlet without stocking at the inlet or bottom of channel.
This type of culverts can also be provided in multiple numbers based on the
requirement. They also enhance beautiful appearance.

Box Culvert:

Box culverts are in rectangular shape and generally constructed by concrete.

Reinforcement is also provided in the construction of box culvert. These are
used to dispose rain water. So, these are not useful in the dry period.
They can also be used as passages to cross the rail or roadway during dry
periods for animals etc. Because of sharp corners these are not suitable for
larger velocity. Box culverts can also be provided in multiple numbers.

Arch Culvert:

Arch culvert is similar to pipe arch culvert but in this case an artificial floor is
provided below the arch. For narrow passages it is widely used. The artificial
floor is made of concrete and arch also made of concrete. Steel arch culverts are
also available but very expensive.

Bridge Culvert:

Bridge culverts are provided on canals or rivers and also used as road bridges
for vehicles. For these culverts a foundation is laid under the ground surface. A
series of culverts are laid and pavement surface is laid on top this series of
culverts. Generally these are rectangular shaped culverts these can replace the
box culverts if artificial floor is not necessary.
CHAPTER – 02

Description of the organization:

Public Works Department

PWD is a government department in India which is responsible for construction

and maintenance of public infrastructure like public government building,
roads, bridges, public transport, drinking water systems and much more. The
Public Works Department is the central authority that looks into all kinds of
public sector works in India. For each state, there is a separate PWD which has
geographically distributed Divisions, Sub-Divisions and Sections. Like there is
a separate PWD for Karnataka, Punjab, Rajasthan, Kerala, Mizoram, Arunachal
Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and more. The departments in all the states has
almost the same responsibilities, which includes: Design and Construction of all
public works undertaken by Government, Design and Development of Roads,
Safety and facilities provided on Roads, Development and restructuring of
government buildings etc. Public Works in India, such as the construction of
roads, bridges, water tank, etc. was originally conducted by the military.

 Design, construction and maintenance of Central Government

nonresidential buildings other than those for Railways, Communications
,Atomic Energy, Defense Services, All India Radio, Doordarshan and
Airports.
 Construction and maintenance of residential accommodation meant for
Central Government Employees.
 Construction works for Central Police Organizations i.e. CRPF, CISF,
BSF, and ITBP as well as maintenance of assets of CRPF and CISF
assigned to CPWD.
 Construction works for establishments under the Cabinet Secretariat i.e.
SSB, SIB etc.
 Construction works for public sector undertakings not having their
engineering organization, other Government Organizations , Autonomous
bodies and institutions as deposit work.“Deposit Works” are such works,
which are undertaken at the discretion of the Director General, CPWD
for which the outlay is provided wholly or in part from Funds of a public
 nature but not included in the financial estimates and accounts of the
Union of India, Contributions from the public.
 Providing consultancy services in planning, designing and construction
of civil engineering projects, as and when required by public undertaking
and other autonomous bodies.
 Construction of Embassy and other buildings / projects abroad at the
request of Ministry of External Affairs and other Ministries.
 Defence / Security related works assigned by the government such as
border fencing & flood lighting works and Indo China Border Road
Works (ICBR).
 Construction of roads under PMGSY and RSVY program.

CHAPTER - 03
3.1. Responsibilities of the Internship Student:
During the internship, the student is responsible for the
following:
 Discuss progress and engage in discussion of topics relevant to the
operation and philosophical perspective of the office and
functional area in general.
 Carry out established activities and any additional responsibilities
which are mutually agreed upon by the student and site supervisor.
 Fulfill agreed upon time commitments.
 Conduct oneself in a responsible and professional manner.
 Raise concerns with the site supervisor and seminar instructor if the
objectives for the internship are not being met or if the supervision
being received is inadequate.

3.2. Responsibilities of the Site Supervisor:

The person responsible for the internship is considered the site supervisor.
Although internship students potentially perform a number of tasks and
frequently work with different staff, for purposes of continuity, overall
supervision, and final evaluation, it is necessary that one site supervisor be
designated for each student’s entire internship. The site supervisor is
responsible for evaluating the internship student.
During the internship, the site supervisor is responsible for the
following:
 Spend a minimum of one hour with the internship student for each ten
hours per week the student spends at the internship site. Initially sessions
may cover such topics as review of the learning contract, orientation to
the workplace, start-up work on outlined activities.
 As the internship experience progresses, this time should be spent
reviewing the student’s work progress, discussing any issues instructively
related to the work environment, or other relevant topics. The time is
designed to provide the student with performance feedback and for the
practicing professional to share insights and experiences with the student.

The following list provides some suggestions for establishing an

effective supervisory relationship with the internship students:
 Respect the personal integrity of the internship student.
 Accept the internship student both as a student and as a colleague.
 Establish and maintain informal, friendly working relations with the
internship student.
 Encourage the internship student to express opinions and to feel free to
come to you to discuss problems.
 Originate and suggest new ideas without dominating the student’s
thought and action.
 Encourage the student to make decisions, based on defensible standards,
rather than asking you to make decisions.
 Observe the student at work and record observations without disturbing
the internship student’s balance and poise.
 Maintain your confidence in the student and be optimistic about eventual
success, even during those periods when the student becomes
discouraged.
 Evaluate the internship student’s early work, providing both
encouragement and suggestions for improvement.
 Encourage the internship student to develop new ideas and put them into
practice.
 Encourage the internship student to try different methods of
accomplishing assigned tasks.
 Develop a system of continuous evaluation, and share your judgment
with the internship student at appropriate times.
 Clarify relationships to higher-level administration, to other staff and to
students, and give the student an understanding of the proper channels of
communication.
 Include the internship student in the professional and life of the office
staff.
CHAPTER - 04
VRIOUS ACTIVITIES CARRIED OUT DURING
INTERNSHIP PROGRAM:
4.1. CLEANING AND GRUBBING
 Cleaning and Grubbing is evaluated over the surface area of chainage and
for every chainage with a cross sectional width we calculate the area
using the detailed project report.
 From the standard data book we have the rate for each activity, from
which we can find out the resources required for the given amount of
work.
4.2. EXCAVATION AND EMBANKMENT
 Using DPR we find out the value of width and height for every chainage
with some designated length.
 Then we find the value of amount of excavation and embankment
required.
 Using the standard data book, we calculate the work rate and resources
for the given quantity.
4.3. SUBGRADE FOR NEW PAVEMENT
 Using DPR we see the thickness of sub-grade needed for construction.
 Then, multiplying the height with width and length of every particular
chainage and cross section we find out the quantity of work in cubic
meters.
 Using standard data book, we find out the work rate and resources for
the calculated quantity.
4.4. GRANULAR SUB-BASE
 Using DPR we see the thickness of granular sub-base needed for
construction.
 Then, multiplying the height with width and length of every particular
chainage and cross section we find out the quantity of work in cubic
meters.
 Using standard data book, we find out the work rate and resources for the
calculated quantity
4.5. WET MIX MACADAM (WMM)
 Using DPR we see the thickness of WMM needed for construction.
 Then, multiplying the height with width and length of every particular
chainage and cross section we find out the quantity of work in cubic
meters.
 Using standard data book, we find out the work rate and resources for the
calculated quantity
4.6. DENSE BITUMINOUS MACADAM
 Using DPR we see the thickness of DBM needed for construction.
 Then, multiplying the height with width and length of every particular
chainage and cross section we find out the quantity of work in cubic
meters.
 Using standard data book, we find out the work rate and resources for the
calculated quantity.
4.7. BASE COURSE
 Using DPR we see the thickness of base course needed for construction.
 Then, multiplying the height with width and length of every particular
chainage and cross section we find out the quantity of work in cubic
meters.
 Using standard data book, we find out the work rate and resources for the
calculated quantity.

4.8. SCARIFICATION
 Scarification quantity is found by taking width of existing pavement i.e.
7meters.
 Then for different chainage lengths the quantity is estimated in square
meter by multiplying chainage length with the width of existing
pavement.
 Using standard data book, we find out the resources and work rate for the
calculated quantity.
4.9. SUBGRADE FOR EXISTING PAVEMENT
 Using DPR we see the thickness of sub-grade needed for construction.
 Then, multiplying the height with width and length of every particular
chainage and cross section we find out the quantity of work in cubic
meters.
 Using standard data book, we find out the work rate and resources for the
calculated quantity.
4.10. GRANULAR SUB-BASE FOR EXISTING PAVEMENT:
 Using DPR we see the thickness of granular sub-base needed for
construction.
 Then, multiplying the height with width and length of every particular
chainage and cross section we find out the quantity of work in cubic
meters.
 Using standard data book, we find out the work rate and resources for the
calculated quantity.
4.11. WET MIX MACADAM FOR EXISTING PAVEMENT:
 Using DPR we see the thickness of WMM needed for construction.
 Then, multiplying the height with width and length of every particular
chainage and cross section we find out the quantity of work in cubic
meters.
 Using standard data book, we find out the work rate and resources for the
calculated quantity. DENSE BITUMINOUS MACADAM FOR
EXISTING PAVEMENT
 Using DPR we see the thickness of DBM needed for construction.
 Then, multiplying the height with width and length of every particular
chainage and cross section we find out the quantity of work in cubic
meters.
 Using standard data book, we find out the work rate and resources for the
calculated quantity.
4.12. BASE COURSE FOR EXISTING PAVEMENT:
 Using DPR we see the thickness of base course needed for construction.
 Then, multiplying the height with width and length of every particular
chainage and cross section we find out the quantity of work in cubic
meters.
 Using standard data book, we find out the work rate and resources for the
calculated quantity.
4.13. PIPE CULVERTS:
 From the detailed Project Report we found the dimension to evaluate the
excavation amount of the Pipe culvert.
 Now, when we have the excavated area next thing we find is the amount
of concrete to be used in the laying of slabs for which we use the same
dimensions from the Detailed Project Report.
 Laying Pipe requires the number of pipes and there spacing in between
which is all present in the Detailed Project Report.
 Next thing we require is the construction of side walls and the wing
walls, where the amount of concreting is calculated by using standard
dimensions.
 Last thing is Backfilling of the open voids in between.
4.14. SLAB CULVERTS:
 Using the detailed project report we find the dimension to evaluate the
excavation amount of the Slab culvert.
 When we have the excavated area next thing we find is the amount of
concrete to be used in the laying of slabs for which we use the same
dimensions from the Detailed Project Report.
 Next thing we require is the construction of side walls and the wing
walls, where the amount of concreting is calculated by using standard
dimensions.
 In the end we need Masonry Wall construction to be done.
4.15. BOX CULVERTS:
 From the detailed project report we find the dimension to evaluate
the excavation amount of the Box culvert.
 Amount of concrete to be required in the laying of PCC can be evaluated
through the standard dimension given in the Detailed Project Report. ` 23
 M25 RCC Boxes are pre-fabricated in the yard and are simply placed
at the required positions and are cemented with an efficient cementing
paste.
 M25 RCC wing wall have required dimension and grading, so
any construction to be done is in consideration of Detailed Project
4.16. PLAN AND ELEVATION OF CULVERTS:
CHAPTER – 05

Work experience takeaways from your first graduate internship:

The graduate job search can be tough, especially if there isn’t much work
experience under your belt. A great way to deal with this is for graduates to get
work experience through paid internships. A graduate internship can work
wonders for your CV, it helps in filling out the gaps you might be missing in
skills and making you more of an ideal candidate for future jobs. In an
internship, you will meet numerous people, and if you play your cards right it
might even lead to full-time graduate job. Usually, internships are short-term
placements ranging from 3 to 6 months, so it is vital during this time to boost
your work experience so you maximize what you can get out of it.
Most graduates new to the working world often go into an internship blindly,
happy to have got something under their belt. Here are the key takeaways and
graduate internship tips that ensure career success in the future.

5.1. New and improved skills

Learning skills and enhancing your innate skills is valuable for your
experience. Internships have an steep learning curve. To make the most out of
the work experience gained, make the skills you gained to your career by
considering how the skills learned can be transferrable in any role that you will
be looking to fill in the future. Absorb and learn as much as you can on the job,
so that you can use it to get to the next stage of your career. We live in a very
skills-based world, having technical or other experience can put you ahead of
other candidates and these skills will help you considerably fill out your CV.

5.2. Knowledge of the field & understanding the industry

Internships give graduates a taste of working within the industry. It gives a

general idea of the structure of how the company works, what the culture will
be like in similarly related companies and general knowledge of the field. Prior
to working within the industry, you might have a skewed view of how the
business works, gaining deeper insights with internship work experience.
Having an understanding of the market and industry can advance your career
significantly.
5.3. Recommendations & references

A strong recommendation or reference is an excellent addition to any

application and rave reviews from previous employers can help you secure a
fulltime graduate job. To ensure a positive and professional reference, maintain
friendly relationships with your employer and coworkers. Make sure to ask for
the letter a few weeks in advance to the internship ending.
In most cases, employers of interns are more than happy to act as a reference or
write a recommendation letter.

5.4. New network

Graduate internships open the door to an entirely new network. You will be
introduced to a multitude of people in your chosen field. The people you meet
at your internship can be the people that will help you get your next job.
Relationship building is crucial especially if this will be your primary work
experience. Add your coworkers on LinkedIn and meet as many people as you
possibly can during your tenure at your internship. Say hello to people and
introduce yourself instead of standing awkwardly by the kettle in the kitchen
politely avoid eye contact with unfamiliar coworkers. Everyone you build a
positive relationship in your graduate internship with has the potential to assist
you with your future job search, so be friendly and reach out!

5.5. Sense of professionalism

An internship can teach a new graduate how to work in a professional setting,

get things done on time, meet deadlines, attend meetings and develop the ability
to take feedback. The following skills are crucial in your professional growth.

5. 6. Career direction, clarity & career planning

Interning at a company essentially allows you to test a career trajectory before

the long-term commitment to the industry. Graduate internships can help you
determine whether plans for your career that were made prior to the internship
are still desirable and will give you clarity and direction in your next steps. It
can help you determine the aspects of the job you do or don’t like and can help
shape your future career track.

5.7. A job in or out of the company

Playing your cards right could lead to a full-time graduate job within the
company you intern at. To make this happen, be clear, enthusiastic and express
that you would like to see your career path continue at the company. Make a
good impression and develop strong relationships with your coworkers and
employers, and apply for fulltime roles while interning. This will keep you at
the forefront for future job openings. Your work ethic and experience with the
company will serve as a stellar reason to hire you over externally.

5.8. Completed projects and presentations

Working as a graduate intern, you will be involved in many projects or

presentations that you can include within your portfolio. Internships in realms
such as design or copywriting, the pieces you write within the company can
serve as documents that can get you your next job. Make sure to keep your best
pieces at hand to advance your future career prospects.
Brighter Box connects the fastest-growing companies with the brightest
graduates.
CHAPTR – 06

The tips and takeaways for making the most of your internship
Consider this expert advice before beginning you internship to ensure you
make the most of the valuable experience.

6.1. Focus on building relationships

The relationships you build during your internship will be the foundation of
your professional network, says Artie Shlykov, SEO coordinator and former
intern at Wild Apricot. “These connections you build during your internship
have the best potential to positively impact your career.” Your supervisor and
others you work with are the references you’ll ask for letters of
recommendations in your future endeavors.

How do you build positive connections and professional relationships? Julie

Kelly-Hoey, author of Build Your Dream Network, says while doing great work
helps, establishing relationships is key.

“Be proactive. Show up every day prepared to take on additional

responsibilities and to help colleagues out without being asked and be a great
teammate,” Kelly-Hoey says.

Building those strong relationships will not only help you enjoy your internship
day-to-day, you’ll also be cultivating opportunities for the future. Kelly-Hoey
estimates that 70 percent of jobs are found through networks.

“Personal connections move resumes from the black hole of online applications
onto the hiring manager’s desk,” she says. Networks may even reveal the
hidden market of exciting, never-posted jobs even when organizations don’t
appear to be hiring.

“Even if there are no jobs posted, if a company really values your talents and
skills, they may work to bring you on board in a creative way,” says Kelly-
Hoey.
6.2. Gain knowledge of the field

Internships give you a scoop on what it’s really like to work in your desired
industry. Though you may know the nuts and bolts of a field from your
education, working in it will be a whole new experience. This is your chance to
learn about and focus on the practical day-to-day work that’s done in your field.

Now is the best time to find out what roles and fields are the best for you.
Remember, your internship doesn’t have to be a be-all, end-all. Think of it as a
trial run to test your interest in a position or field, says Alex Tran, digital
marketing strategist at Hollingsworth. She encourages interns to ask questions
and show a genuine interest in a variety of roles. Even if your internship focuses
on a specific niche—for instance, sales when pursuing a Marketing degree—
you can get a feel for the daily work of other focus areas during your time.

6.3. Add new skills to your resume

Though you may lose touch with your fellow interns and supervisors over time,
you won’t lose the skills you gained at your internship. No matter how
wonderful your university program, it’s likely that you didn’t learn many of the
updated techniques and standards for your industry.

D’Averc has found that many of her interns have found it difficult to brand to a
new way of doing things. “They have to be willing to learn and be flexible,” she
says.

“Be sure to let your supervisors and colleagues know you’re open to
constructive feedback,” says Timothy Wiedman, retired professor of
management and human services at Doane University. This will not only
improve your performance, it shows that you’re willing and excited to learn, a
widely admired trait.

Though you’ll be learning many valuable skills as an intern, pay attention to the
person who has the job you want. The goal of an intern is to learn and advance,
so don’t be afraid to think ahead. Though you shouldn’t ignore your current
duties, an intern should be paying attention to skills that could help them in
their next role, according to James Pollard at The Advisor Coach. Observe and
even ask:

 What skills do they use on a daily basis?

 What skills or focus areas are they working on learning right now?
  What about their demeanor or temperament makes them successful in
their position?

6.4. Create career goals

As you observe and spend time at your internship, you’ll get a feel for what you
like and what you don’t. This will help you shape your immediate and long-
term career goals.

“Internships offer a priceless opportunity to get a taste of what you could

expect,” says Valerie Streif, senior content manager at Pramp. Even if you don’t
love your current duties, look around the office for something you might like or
consider if you might enjoy your role more in a different company.

6.5. Gather glowing references

The lasting reward of completing an internship is the references. If you impress

them, you’ll be able to draw on your manager’s recommendation for future job
opportunities or graduate programs. How do you make sure you do the best job
you can and snag some stellar references?

“They key is to stand out by working hard, showing interest, taking every task
seriously, making friends and generally making a great first impression,” says
Jonathan Poston, director of technical SEO at Tombras.

By taking your work seriously, you’re likely to succeed and impress your
supervisors. “If an intern succeeds on a project, I will always provide a glowing
reference,” says Tran.
CHAPTER – 07

SKILLS TAKE AWAY FROM INTERSHIP.

1. Gain valuable work experience

The hands-on work experience interns receive is invaluable and cannot be

obtained in a classroom setting, making this one of the most important benefits
of internships. Interns have the opportunity to apply acquired knowledge to real
work experiences, witnessing firsthand the day-to-day job duties they can
expect to encounter in their chosen field. In addition to learning the specialized
skills of a particular field, transferable skills such as communication, teamwork,
and computer proficiency are also obtained in an internship, fully preparing
interns to enter the workforce upon graduation.

2. Explore a career path

Exploring is an important part of the college experience, and internships are a

great way for students to acquaint themselves with the field they are interested
in. Some students begin college with a major or career path in mind, and end up
changing their minds later on. Taking on an internship while in college allows
students to work in their desired field, helping them decide if the field is right
for them. By graduation, students who interned are more likely to feel confident
they chose the right degree.

3. Give yourself an edge in the job market

One of the most important internship benefits is that college graduates who
already have some work experience in the form of an internship stand out to
potential employers. Internship experience makes a college grad more
marketable as they usually require less training and can handle more
responsibilities. You may also receive a higher starting salary than those who
do not have internship experience and are entering the workforce or starting a
new career.

4. Develop and refine skills

You can learn a lot about your strengths and weaknesses during an internship.
Internships allow for feedback from supervisors and others who are established
in the field, and offer a unique learning opportunity that you may not have again
as a working adult. Embrace the mistakes you make as an intern and the many
things that you won’t know. Ask questions, observe, and take risks to get the
most out of your internship training experience.

5. Receive financial compensation

Many internships are paid which means you can gain valuable work experience
and make money at the same time. A paid internship will provide money to
fund your college tuition and expenses.

6. Network with professionals in the field

In the working world, it’s all about who you know. As an intern, you will be
surrounded by professionals in the industry. Internships are more than just
about earning credit, getting a grade, or making money; internships provide an
opportunity to learn from the people around you, ask questions, and impress.
The professionals you encounter during an internship can be your future
colleagues or the connection to your first job.
7. Gain confidence

Internships allow you to test out specific techniques learned in the classroom
before entering the working world. It’s an opportunity to apply what you have
learned in a safe environment where mistakes are expected – rather than learn
the hard way in your first job out of college.

8. Transition into a job

Many companies use internships as a way to enhance their recruitment efforts.

In some cases, a company may decide to hire an intern at the end of the
assignment. Even if a job offer doesn’t happen right away, an intern who makes
a favorable impression could receive an offer down the line when an opening
occurs. It’s a way for companies to test out an employee before committing to
hiring them.
Fremont College can provide the knowledge and hands-on experience you need
to succeed in today’s demanding workforce. With degree programs
in Multimedia Design, Paralegal Studies, Business Leadership, and Sports
Therapy, Fremont offers a wide range of in-demand degree programs to suit
anyone’s career interests. In addition to providing a top-notch education,
students also receive internship and job placement assistance at Fremont
College. Space is limited, so contact us today to learn more about our degree
programs and get help choosing the career path that is right for you.
CHAPTER – 08

CONCLUSION

The fundamental point of studies inside this entry level position was to examine
how a structure is developed inside its ideal properties. I got information about
the essential and advance strategies of building development just as observed
the difficulties which a structural architect needs to look during development
i.e. Labour issues, cost the executives, natural difficulties and so forth.
Numerous questions in regards to building development were cleared. Nature of
work ought to never be yielded at the expense of speed and economy.
Unsophisticated quest for quick creation and bogus economy doesn't pay over
the long haul. Expensive and tedious fixes frequently hinder the advancement
of the work. In the event that quality is given inclination, at that point speed and
economy in work can be handily accomplished. Carelessness, obliviousness
because of absence of specialized preparing and information, insufficient plans,
awful nature of materials and poor workmanship are a portion of the
fundamental driver of resistance in solid works and frequently bring about
disappointment of structures. It is in every case better to 'get' a blunder before it
turns into a mix-up. This achievement can't be estimated or measured.
Generally, I would depict my temporary job as a positive and informational
experience.