Iso 6157 1 1988
Iso 6157 1 1988
Iso 6157 1 1988
Part 1:
Bolts, screws and studs for general requirements
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
L%men ts de fixation -
(standards.iteh.ai)
Defau ts de surface -
Reference number
ISO6157-1 :1988 EI
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of
national Standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International
Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Esch member
body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, govern-
mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all
matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standard
(standards.iteh.ai)
ISO 6157-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 2,
Fasteners.
ISO 6157-1:1988
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/3c110000-825e-4706-a9b5-
Users should note that all International Standards undergo revision from time to time
3e8672f193c3/iso-6157-1-1988
and that any reference made herein to any other International Standard implies its
latest edition, unless othetwise stated.
Printed in Switzerland
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6157-1 : 1988 (E)
Part 1:
Bolts, screws and studs for general requirements
1.2 Limits for surface discontinuities on bolts, screws and ISO 3269, Fasteners - Acceptance inspection.
studs for special requirements (e.g. automatic assembly) are
laid down in ISO 6157-3. When the engineering requirements
of the application necessitate that sur-face discontinuities on 3 Types, Causes, appearance and limits
bolts, screws and studs be more closely controlled, it should be of surface discontinuities
specified in the respective product Standard, or the purchaser
shall specify the applicable limits in the inquiry and purchase 3.1 Cracks
Order.
A Crack is a clean (crystalline) fracture passing through or
across the grain boundaries and may possibly follow inclusions
1.3 Where the permissible limits for surface discontinuities of foreign elements. Cracks are normally caused by overstress-
indicated in clause 3 occur, the minimum values for the ing the metal during forging or other forming operations, or
mechanical and functional properties specified in ISO 898-1 during heat treatment. Where Parts are subjected to significant
should still be met. reheating, Cracks usually are discoloured by scale.
ISO6157-1:1988(E)
Cause Quench Cracks may occur during hardening due to excessively high thermal and transformation Stresses. Quench
Cracks usually follow an irregular and erratic course on the sut-face of the fastener.
Appearance Quench Crack across top
of head. Usually an
Quench Crack circum- extension of Crack in
Quench Crack
shank or side of head
at corner of head uench Crack at root
A-A
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
(standards.iteh.ai)
ISO 6157-1:1988
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/3c110000-825e-4706-a9b5-
3e8672f193c3/iso-6157-1-1988
‘Quench Crack’
at root
Limits Quench Cracks of any depth, any length, or in any location are not permitted.
Cause Forging Cracks may occur during the tut-off or forging operations and are located on the top of the head of
screws and bolts and on the raised periphery of indented head bolts and screws.
Appearance
Cause Forging bursts may occur for example during forging on the flats or corners of the heads of bolts and screws, at
the periphery of flanged or circular head products or on the raised periphery of indented head bolts and screws.
Appearance
Forging burst
Cause Shear bursts may occur, for example during forging, frequently at the periphery of products having circular or
flanged heads, and are located at approximately 45’ to the product axis.
Shear bursts may also occur on the sides of hexagon head products.
Appearance
S hear bursts
* Shear bursts
(standards.iteh.ai)
No shear burst in the flats of hexagon bolts and screws shall extend into the crown circle on the top of the head
surface (chamfer circle) or into the underhead bearing surface. Shear bursts, occurring at the intersection of two
wrenching flats, shall not reduce the width across corners below the specified minimum.
ISO 6157-1:1988
Shear bursts inhttps://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/3c110000-825e-4706-a9b5-
the raised peripher-y of indented head bolts and screws shall not exceed a width of 0,06dl) or have
a depth extending below the indented Portion.
3e8672f193c3/iso-6157-1-1988
Circular head screws
Flanges of bolts and screws and peripheries of circular head products may have shear bursts, but shall not exceed
the following limits :
4
ISO6157-1 : 1988 EI
A seam or lap is a narrow, generally straight or smooth curved line discontinuity running longitudinally on the thread, shank or head.
Cause Seams and laps are inherent in the raw material from which fasteners are made.
Appearance
Lap or seam, usually straight or
smooth curved line discontinuity
lf laps or seams extend into the head, they shall not exceed the permissible limits for width and depth specified
for bursts (sec 3.1.3).
3.3 Voids
A void is a shallow pocket or hollow on the surface of a bolt or screw due to non-filling of metal during forging or upsetting.
Cause Voids are produced by marks and impressions due to Chips (shear burrs) or by tust formation on the raw material.
They are not eliminated during forging or upsetting operations.
Appearance
The combined surface area of all voids on the bearing face shall not exceed ?O 96 of the total area.
6
ISO61574 : 1988 (EI
3.4 Folds
A fold is a doubling over of metal which occurs at the surface of the fastener during forging.
Cause Folds are produced by material displacements due to lack of congruence of forms and volumes of the Single
forging Steps.
Appearance
Permissible,
typical “clever/
leaf” fold -J’
in non-circular
shoulder fastener
Permissible, at
(standards.iteh.ai)
Permissible, fold
at exterior corner
ISO 6157-1:1988
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/3c110000-825e-4706-a9b5-
3e8672f193c3/iso-6157-1-1988
Limits Folds at interior corners at or below the bearing surface are not permissible, unless specifically permitted in this
patt of ISO 6157 or in the product Standard.
Cause Tool marks are produced by the movement of manufacturing tools over the surface of the bolt or screw.
Appearance
Tool mark
7
Limits Tool marks produced by machining in the shank, fillet or bearing sutface shall not exceed a surface roughness of
I REJ= 3,2 pm when tested in accordance with ISO 468.