6 Types of Assessment of Learning

6 Types of Assessment Of Learning
1. Diagnostic Assessment (as Pre-Assessment)

One way to think about it: Assesses a student’s strengths, weaknesses, knowledge, and skills prior to
instruction.
2. Formative Assessment
One way to think about it: Assesses a student’s performance during instruction, and usually occurs
regularly throughout the instruction process.
Another way to think about it: Like a doctor’s ‘check-up’ to provide data to revise instruction
Tip: Using digital exit ticket tools like Loop can be an easy means of checking whether students have
understood lesson content, while also prompting student reflection.
3. Summative Assessment
One way to think about it: Measures a student’s achievement at the end of instruction.
Another way to think about it: It’s macabre, but if formative assessment is the check-up, you might think of
summative assessment as the autopsy. What happened? Now that it’s all over, what went right and what
went wrong?
4. Norm-Referenced Assessment
One way to think about it: Compares a student’s performance against other students (a national group or
other “norm”)
Another way to think about it: Group or ‘Demographic’ assessment
5. Criterion-Referenced Assessment
One way to think about it: Measures a student’s performance against a goal, specific objective, or standard.
Another way to think about it: a bar to measure all students against
6. Interim/Benchmark Assessment
One way to think about it: Evaluates student performance at periodic intervals, frequently at the end of a
grading period. Can predict student performance on end-of-the-year summative assessments.
Another way to think about it: Bar graph growth through a year
Pre-assessment or diagnostic assessment
Before creating the instruction, it’s necessary to know for what kind of students you’re
creating the instruction. Your goal is to get to know your student’s strengths, weaknesses
and the skills and knowledge the posses before taking the instruction. Based on the data
you’ve collected, you can create your instruction.
Formative assessment
Formative assessment is used in the first attempt of developing instruction. The goal is to
monitor student learning to provide feedback. It helps identifying the first gaps in your
instruction. Based on this feedback you’ll know what to focus on for further expansion for
your instruction.
Summative assessment
Summative assessment is aimed at assessing the extent to which the most important
outcomes at the end of the instruction have been reached. But it measures more: the
effectiveness of learning, reactions on the instruction and the benefits on a long-term base.
The long-term benefits can be determined by following students who attend your course, or
test. You are able to see whether and how they use the learned knowledge, skills and
attitudes.
Read more about formative and summative assessments.
Confirmative assessment
When your instruction has been implemented in your classroom, it’s still necessary to take
assessment. Your goal with confirmative assessments is to find out if the instruction is still
a success after a year, for example, and if the way you're teaching is still on point. You
could say that a confirmative assessment is an extensive form of a summative assessment.
Norm-referenced assessment
This compares a student’s performance against an average norm. This could be the
average national norm for the subject History, for example. Other example is when the
teacher compares the average grade of his or her students against the average grade of
the entire school.
Criterion-referenced assessment
It measures student’s performances against a fixed set of predetermined criteria or learning

standards. It checks what students are expected to know and be able to do at a specific
stage of their education. Criterion-referenced tests are used to evaluate a specific body of
knowledge or skill set, it’s a test to evaluate the curriculum taught in a course.
Ipsative assessment
It measures the performance of a student against previous performances from that student.
With this method you’re trying to improve yourself by comparing previous results. You’re
not comparing yourself against other students, which may be not so good for your self-
confidence.

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6 Types of Assessment Of Learning

1. Diagnostic Assessment (as Pre-Assessment)

Another way to think about it: Group or ‘Demographic’ assessment

Read more about formative and summative assessments.

It measures student’s performances against a fixed set of predetermined criteria or learning

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