For New Designs: AOZ1033AI
For New Designs: AOZ1033AI
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able down to 0.8V.
z High efficiency: up to 95%
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The AOZ1033A comes in a SO-8 package and is rated z Internal soft start
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over a -40°C to +85°C operating ambient temperature z Output voltage adjustable to 0.8V
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range.
z 3A continuous output current
z Fixed 600kHz PWM operation
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Replacement Part:
z Pulse skipping at light load for high efficiency over
AOZ3013PI (same package) entire load range
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AOZ3103DI (smaller package) z Cycle-by-cycle current limit
z Pre-bias start-up
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z Short-circuit protection
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z Thermal shutdown
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z SO-8 package
Applications
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z LCD TV
z Set top boxes
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z DVD/Blu-ray players/recorders
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z Cable modems
z PCIe graphics cards
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z Telecom/Networking/Datacom equipment
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Typical Application
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VIN
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C1
22µF
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VIN
L1 4.7µH
EN VOUT
AOZ1033 LX
COMP R1
C2, C3
RC FB 22µF
CC AGND PGND R2
Ordering Information
Part Number Ambient Temperature Range Package Environmental
AOZ1033AI -40°C to +85°C SO-8 RoHS Compliant
Green Product
AOS Green Products use reduced levels of Halogens, and are also RoHS compliant.
Please visit www.aosmd.com/web/quality/rohs_compliant.jsp for additional information.
Pin Configuration
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PGND 1 8 LX
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VIN 2 7 LX
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AGND 3 6 EN
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FB 4 5 COMP
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SO-8
(Top View)
Pin Description r N
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Pin Number Pin Name Pin Function
1 PGND Power ground. PGND needs to be electrically connected to AGND.
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2 VIN Supply voltage input. When VIN rises above the UVLO threshold and EN is logic high, the
device starts up.
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3 AGND Analog ground. AGND is the reference point for controller section. AGND needs to be
electrically connected to PGND.
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4 FB Feedback input. The FB pin is used to set the output voltage via a resistive voltage divider
between the output and AGND.
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5 COMP External loop compensation pin. Connect a RC network between COMP and AGND to
compensate the control loop.
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6 EN Enable pin. Pull EN to logic high to enable the device. Pull EN to logic low to disable the
device. Do not leave it open.
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Block Diagram
VIN
+
ISen
–
Reference Softstart
& Bias Q1
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ILimit
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+
+ PWM Level
0.8V
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PWM Shifter
EAmp – Control
FB – Comp +
Logic
+ FET LX
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Driver
Q2
COMP
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Frequency
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Foldback 600kHz
Comparator
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0.2V – r
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Over-Voltage
Protection
Comparator
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–
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0.96V
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AGND PGND
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Electrical Characteristics
TA = 25°C, VIN = VEN = 12V, VOUT = 3.3V unless otherwise specified.
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Load regulation 0.5 %
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Line regulation 1 %
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IFB Feedback voltage input current 200 nA
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VEN EN input threshold Off threshold 0.6 V
On threshold 2 V
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VHYS EN input hysteresis 100 mV
MODULATOR
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fO Frequency 400 450 500 kHz
DMAX Maximum Duty Cycle 100 %
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tMIN Minimum On Time 150 ns
Error amplifier voltage gain 500 V/V
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Error amplifier transconductance 200 μA / V
PROTECTION
ILIM Current Limit 3.8 4.2 A
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On threshold 860 mV
Over-temperature shutdown limit TJ rising 150 °C
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TJ falling 100 °C
tSS Soft Start Interval 3 ms
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OUTPUT STAGE
High-side switch on-resistance VIN = 12V 80 100 mΩ
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VIN = 5V 56 70 mΩ
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1us/div 1us/div
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Start Up to Full Load Short Circuit Protection
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1ms/div 4ms/div
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100us/div 10ms/div
Efficiency
AOZ1033AI Efficiency
Efficiency (VIN = 12V) vs. Load Current Efficiency (VIN = 5V) vs. Load Current
100 100
90 90
80 80
70 70
Efficiency (%)
Efficiency (%)
60 VO = 1.2V 60 VO = 1.2V
VO = 1.8V VO = 1.8V
50 50 VO = 3.3V
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VO = 3.3V
VO = 5V
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40 40
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30 30
20 20
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10 10
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0 0
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
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IOUT (A) IOUT (A)
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Thermal Derating
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Thermal de-rating curves for SO-8 package part under typical input and output condition based on the evaluation board.
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25°C ambient temperature and natural convection (air speed < 50LFM) unless otherwise specified.
Derating Curves at 5V/6V Input Derating Curves at 12V Input
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5 5
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4 4
Output Current (IO)
2 2
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1 1
R
0 0
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25 35 45 55 65 75 85 25 35 45 55 65 75 85
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The AOZ1033A is available in SO-8 package. high-side switch. It saves the bootstrap capacitor nor-
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mally seen in a circuit which is using an NMOS switch. It
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Enable and Soft Start allows 100% turn-on of the high-side switch to achieve
The AOZ1033A has internal soft start feature to limit linear regulation mode of operation. The minimum volt-
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in-rush current and ensure the output voltage ramps up age drop from VIN to VO is the load current times DC
smoothly to regulation voltage. A soft start process resistance of MOSFET plus DC resistance of buck induc-
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begins when the input voltage rises to 4.1V and voltage tor. It can be calculated by equation below:
on EN pin is HIGH. In soft start process, the output volt-
V O_MAX = V IN – I O × R DS ( ON )
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age is ramped to regulation voltage in typically 2.2ms.
The 2.2ms soft start time is set internally.
where;
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The EN pin of the AOZ1033A is active high. Connect the VO_MAX is the maximum output voltage;,
EN pin to VIN if enable function is not used. Pull it to
VIN is the input voltage from 4.5V to 18V,
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ground will disable the AOZ1033A. Do not leave it open.
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IO is the output current from 0A to 3A, and
The voltage on EN pin must be above 2V to enable the
AOZ1033A. When voltage on EN pin falls below 0.6V, the RDS(ON) is the on resistance of internal MOSFET. The value is
AOZ1033A is disabled. If an application circuit requires between 97mΩ and 200mΩ depending on input voltage and
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junction temperature.
the AOZ1033A to be disabled, an open drain or open col-
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Steady-State Operation
Under steady-state conditions, the converter operates an internal oscillator. The practical switching frequency
in fixed frequency and Continuous-Conduction Mode could range from 500kHz to 700kHz due to device varia-
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(CCM). tion.
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The combination of R1 and R2 should be large enough to Input Capacitor
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avoid drawing excessive current from the output, which The input capacitor must be connected to the VIN pin and
will cause power loss. PGND pin of AOZ1033A to maintain steady input voltage
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and filter out the pulsing input current. The voltage rating
Since the switch duty cycle can be as high as 100%, the of input capacitor must be greater than maximum input
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maximum output voltage can be set as high as the input voltage plus ripple voltage.
voltage minus the voltage drop on upper PMOS and
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inductor. The input ripple voltage can be approximated by equa-
tion below:
Protection Features
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IO ⎛ VO ⎞ VO
The AOZ1033A has multiple protection features to pre- ΔV IN = ----------------- × ⎜ 1 – ---------⎟ × ---------
vent system circuit damage under abnormal conditions. r f × C IN ⎝ V IN⎠ V IN
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Over Current Protection (OCP) Since the input current is discontinuous in a buck con-
The sensed inductor current signal is also used for over verter, the current stress on the input capacitor is another
concern when selecting the capacitor. For a buck circuit,
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tional to the peak inductor current. The COMP pin volt- lated by:
age is limited to be between 0.4V and 2.5V internally.
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0 0.5 1
voltage rating, output ripple voltage specification and rip-
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ple current rating.
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Figure 2. ICIN vs. Voltage Conversion Ratio The selected output capacitor must have a higher rated
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voltage specification than the maximum desired output
For reliable operation and best performance, the input voltage including ripple. De-rating needs to be consid-
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capacitors must have current rating higher than ICIN_RMS ered for long term reliability.
at worst operating conditions. Ceramic capacitors are
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preferred for input capacitors because of their low ESR Output ripple voltage specification is another important
and high current rating. Depending on the application cir- factor for selecting the output capacitor. In a buck con-
cuits, other low ESR tantalum capacitor may also be verter circuit, output ripple voltage is determined by
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used. When selecting ceramic capacitors, X5R or X7R inductor value, switching frequency, output capacitor
type dielectric ceramic capacitors should be used for value and ESR. It can be calculated by the equation
their better temperature and voltage characteristics. Note
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below:
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that the ripple current rating from capacitor manufactures 1
are based on certain amount of life time. Further ΔV O = ΔI L × ⎛ ESR CO + -------------------------⎞
⎝ 8×f×C ⎠
de-rating may be necessary in practical design. O
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Inductor where;
The inductor is used to supply constant current to output CO is output capacitor value, and
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when it is driven by a switching voltage. For given input ESRCO is the Equivalent Series Resistor of output capacitor.
and output voltage, inductance and switching frequency
together decide the inductor ripple current, which is: When low ESR ceramic capacitor is used as output
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ΔI L = ----------- × ⎜ 1 – --------
-⎟ frequency dominates. Output ripple is mainly caused by
f×L ⎝ V IN⎠ capacitor value and inductor ripple current. The output
ripple voltage calculation can be simplified to:
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ΔI L O
I Lpeak = I O + --------
2 If the impedance of ESR at switching frequency domi-
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requires larger size inductor to avoid saturation. Low rip- ple voltage calculation can be further simplified to:
ple current reduces inductor core losses. It also reduces
RMS current through inductor and switches, which
ΔV O = ΔI L × ESR CO
results in less conduction loss. Usually, peak to peak rip-
ple current on inductor is designed to be 20% For lower output ripple voltage across the entire operat-
to 30% of output current. ing temperature range, X5R or X7R dielectric type of
ceramic, or other low ESR tantalum are recommended to
When selecting the inductor, make sure it is able to han- be used as output capacitors.
dle the peak current without saturation even at the high-
est operating temperature.
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stressed.
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To design the compensation circuit, a target crossover
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frequency fC for close loop must be selected. The system
Loop Compensation
crossover frequency is where control loop has unity gain.
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The AOZ1033A employs peak current mode control for The crossover is the also called the converter bandwidth.
easy use and fast transient response. Peak current mode Generally a higher bandwidth means faster response to
control eliminates the double pole effect of the output
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load transient. However, the bandwidth should not be too
L&C filter. It greatly simplifies the compensation loop high because of system stability concern. When design-
design.
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ing the compensation loop, converter stability under all
line and load condition must be considered.
With peak current mode control, the buck power stage
can be simplified to be a one-pole and one-zero system
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Usually, it is recommended to set the bandwidth to be
in frequency domain. The pole is dominant pole can be equal or less than 1/10 of switching frequency. The
calculated by: r
AOZ1033A operates at a frequency range from 500kHz
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1 to 700kHz. It is recommended to choose a crossover fre-
f P1 = -----------------------------------
2π × C O × R L quency equal or less than 40kHz.
f C = 40kHz
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f Z1 = ------------------------------------------------
2π × C O × ESR CO with CC. Using selected crossover frequency, fC, to calcu-
late RC:
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where; VO 2π × C 2
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where;
The compensation design is actually to shape the con- fC is desired crossover frequency. For best performance, fC is
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verter control loop transfer function to get desired gain set to be about 1/10 of switching frequency,
and phase. Several different types of compensation net- VFB is 0.8V,
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work can be used for the AOZ1033A. For most cases, a GEA is the error amplifier transconductance, which is
series capacitor and resistor network connected to the 200 x 10-6 A/V, and
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COMP pin sets the pole-zero and is adequate for a stable GCS is the current sense circuit transconductance, which is 6.68
high-bandwidth control loop. A/V.
In the AOZ1033A, FB pin and COMP pin are the inverting The compensation capacitor CC and resistor RC together
input and the output of internal error amplifier. A series R make a zero. This zero is put somewhere close to the
and C compensation network connected to COMP pro- dominate pole fP1 but lower than 1/5 of selected cross-
vides one pole and one zero. The pole is: over frequency. CC can is selected by:
G EA 1.5
f P2 = ------------------------------------------- C C = -----------------------------------
2π × C C × G VEA 2π × R C × f P1
Equation above can also be simplified to: Please see the thermal de-rating curves for maximum
load current of the AOZ1033A under different ambient
CO × RL
C C = --------------------- temperature.
RC
The thermal performance of the AOZ1033A is strongly
affected by the PCB layout. Extra care should be taken
An easy-to-use application software which helps to by users during design process to ensure that the IC will
design and simulate the compensation loop can be found operate under the recommended environmental condi-
at www.aosmd.com. tions.
Thermal Management and Layout The AOZ1033A is standard SO-8 package. Several lay-
Consideration out tips are listed below for the best electric and thermal
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performance. Figure 3 on the next page illustrates a PCB
In the AOZ1033A buck regulator circuit, high pulsing cur-
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layout example of AOZ1033A.
rent flows through two circuit loops. The first loop starts
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from the input capacitors, to the VIN pin, to the LX pins, 1. The LX pins are connected to internal PFET and
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to the filter inductor, to the output capacitor and load, and NFET drains. They are low resistance thermal con-
then return to the input capacitor through ground. Current duction path and most noisy switching node. Con-
flows in the first loop when the high side switch is on. The
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nected a large copper plane to LX pin to help thermal
second loop starts from inductor, to the output capacitors dissipation.
and load, to the low side NMOSFET. Current flows in the
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second loop when the low side NMOSFET is on. 2. Do not use thermal relief connection to the VIN and
the PGND pin. Pour a maximized copper area to the
In PCB layout, minimizing the two loops area reduces the PGND pin and the VIN pin to help thermal dissipa-
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noise of this circuit and improves efficiency. A ground tion.
plane is strongly recommended to connect input capaci- r3. Input capacitor should be connected to the VIN pin
tor, output capacitor, and PGND pin of the AOZ1033A.
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and the PGND pin as close as possible.
In the AOZ1033A buck regulator circuit, the major power 4. A ground plane is preferred. If a ground plane is not
dissipating components are the AOZ1033A and the out- used, separate PGND from AGND and connect them
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put inductor. The total power dissipation of converter cir- only at one point to avoid the PGND pin noise cou-
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cuit can be measured by input power minus output pling to the AGND pin.
power. 5. Make the current trace from LX pins to L to Co to the
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The power dissipation of inductor can be approximately connect it to stable DC nodes, like VIN, GND or
calculated by output current and DCR of inductor. VOUT.
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E E1
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h x 45°
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1 C
θ
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7° (4x)
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A2 A
0.1
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b A1
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Notes:
1. All dimensions are in millimeters.
2. Dimensions are inclusive of plating
3. Package body sizes exclude mold flash and gate burrs. Mold flash at the non-lead sides should be less than 6 mils.
4. Dimension L is measured in gauge plane.
5. Controlling dimension is millimeter, converted inch dimensions are not necessarily exact.
E2 E
See Note 3
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B0
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K0 D0
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A0 P0 Feeding Direction
Unit: mm
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Package A0 B0 K0 D0 D1 E E1 E2 P0 P1 P2 T
SO-8 6.40 5.20 2.10 1.60 1.50 12.00 1.75 5.50 8.00 4.00 2.00 0.25
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(12mm) ±0.10 ±0.10 ±0.10 ±0.10 ±0.10 ±0.10 ±0.10 ±0.10 ±0.10 ±0.10 ±0.10 ±0.10
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SO-8 Reel
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W1
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G
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M K
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SO-8 Tape
Leader/Trailer
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& Orientation
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Part Marking
Z1033AI
Part Number Code
FAYWLT
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Fab & Assembly Location Assembly Lot Code
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Year & Week Code
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LEGAL DISCLAIMER
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Applications or uses as critical components in life support devices or systems are not authorized. AOS does not
assume any liability arising out of such applications or uses of its products. AOS reserves the right to make
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changes to product specifications without notice. It is the responsibility of the customer to evaluate suitability of the
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product for their intended application. Customer shall comply with applicable legal requirements, including all
applicable export control rules, regulations and limitations.
AOS' products are provided subject to AOS' terms and conditions of sale which are set forth at:
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http://www.aosmd.com/terms_and_conditions_of_sale
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ALPHA & OMEGA SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL
COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS.
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As used herein:
1. Life support devices or systems are devices or 2. A critical component in any component of a life
systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into support, device, or system whose failure to perform can
the body or (b) support or sustain life, and (c) whose be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life
failure to perform when properly used in accordance support device or system, or to affect its safety or
with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be effectiveness.
reasonably expected to result in a significant injury of
the user.