SRI NACHAMMAL VIDYAVANI SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL

CHAPTER 6 LINES AND ANGLES

(IIT Curriculum)

Grade : IX

Subject :Maths

Basic terms and Definitions

1. Point - A Point is that which has no component. It is represented by a dot.
2. Line - When we join two distinct points then we get a line. A line has no endpoints it can be extended
infinitely.
3. Line Segment - It is the part of the line which has two endpoints.
4. Ray - Ray is also a part of the line which has only one endpoint and has no end on the other side.

5. Collinear and
Non-collinear points – Points lie on the same line are known as collinear points and the
points that don't lie on the same line are known as Non-Collinear Points.

Angles
When two rays begin from the same endpoint then they form an Angle. The two rays are the arms of
the angle and the endpoint is the vertex of the angle.

Types of Angles

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 Angle Notation  Image

Acute An angle which is between 0° and 90°.

Right An angle which is exactly equal to 90°.

An angle which is between 90° and

Obtuse
180°.

An angle which is between 180° and

Reflex
360°

Straight An angle which is exactly equal to 180°.

Complete An angle which is exactly equal to 360°.

Complementary and Supplementary Angles

 Complementary Angles are those which have the sum of two angles as 90°.
 Supplementary Angles are those which have the sum of two angles as 180°.

Relation between two Angles

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 Angles Relation Image

If two angles have

the same vertex and
Adjacent their one of the arm
Angles is common then these
are called adjacent
angles.

If two angles have

the same vertex and
one common arm but
Linear pair of the arms which are
Angles not common are
making a line then
these are called the
linear pair of angles.

If two lines intersect

Vertically each other at a point
opposite then the opposite
Angles angles are vertically
opposite angles.

Intersecting Lines and Non-intersecting Lines

There are two ways to draw two lines-
1. The lines which cross each other from a particular point is called Intersecting Lines.
2. The lines which never cross each other at any point are called Non-intersecting Lines. These lines are
called Parallel Lines and the common length between two lines is the distance between parallel lines.

Pairs of Angles Axioms

1. If a ray stands on a line, then the sum of two adjacent angles formed by that ray is 180°.
2. If the sum of two adjacent angles is 180°, then the arms which are not common of the angles form a line.
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This is the reverse of the first axiom which says that the opposite is also true.
Vertically opposite Angles Theorem
When two lines intersect each other, then the vertically opposite angles so formed will be equal.

AC and BD are intersecting each other so ∠AOD = ∠BOC

and ∠AOB = DOC.
Parallel Lines and a Transversal
If a line passes through two distinct lines and intersects them at distant points then this line is
called Transversal Line.
Here line “l” is transversal of line m and n.
Exterior Angles - ∠1, ∠2, ∠7 and ∠8
Interior Angles - ∠3, ∠4, ∠5 and ∠6
Pairs of angles formed when a transversal intersects two lines-
1. Corresponding Angles :
∠ 1 and ∠ 5; ∠ 2 and ∠ 6
∠ 4 and ∠ 8; ∠ 3 and ∠ 7
2. Alternate Interior Angles :
∠ 4 and ∠ 6; ∠ 3 and ∠ 5
3. Alternate Exterior Angles:
∠ 1 and ∠ 7; ∠ 2 and ∠ 8
4. Interior Angles on the same side of the transversal:
∠ 4 and ∠ 5; ∠ 3 and ∠ 6

Transversal Axioms

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1. If a transversal intersects two parallel lines, then
 Each pair of corresponding angles will be equal.
 Each pair of alternate interior angles will be equal.
 Each pair of interior angles on the same side of the transversal will be supplementary.
2. If a transversal intersects two lines in such a way that
 Corresponding angles are equal then these two lines will be parallel to each other.
 Alternate interior angles are equal then the two lines will be parallel.
 Interior angles on the same side of the transversal are supplementary then the two lines will be
parallel.

Lines Parallel to the Same Line

If two lines are parallel with a common line then these two lines will also be parallel to each other.
As in the above figure if AB ∥ CD and EF ∥ CD then AB ∥ EF.

Angle Sum Property of a Triangle

1. The sum of the angles of a triangle is 180º.

∠A + ∠B + ∠C = 180°

2. If we produce any side of a triangle, then the exterior angle formed is equal to the sum of the two interior
opposite angles.

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∠BCD = ∠BAC + ∠ABC

PRACTISE SHEET
1. Value of x in the figure below is:
a) 20o
b) 40o
c) 80o
d) 160o
2. If two complementary angles are in the ratio 13 : 5, then the angles are:
a) 13xo, 5xo
b) 25o, 65o
c) 65o, 25o
d) 65o, 35o
3. The diagonals of the rectangle ABCD intersect at O. If ∠COD = 78°, then ∠OAB is:
a) 35 o
b) 51o
c) 70o
d) 110o
4. If AB = x + 3, BC = 2x and AC = 4x – 5, then for what value of ‘x’, B lies on AC?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 5
d) 8
5. In the given figure, find the value of x:
a) 40o
b) 50o
c) 60o
d) 80o
6. In the given figure, if the angles a and b are in the ratio 2 : 3, then angle c is:
a) 90o
b)126o
c) 144o
d) Obtuse angle
7. In the given figure, ∠1 = ∠2 then the measurements of ∠3 and ∠4 are:
a) 58o, 61o

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 b) 61o, 61o
c) 119o, 61o
d) 119o, 119o

8. In the figure, if x, y and z are exterior angles of ΔABC then x + y + z is:

a) 90o
b) 180o
c) 270o
d) 360o

9. In the figure, p || q. The value of x is:

a) 35o
b) 55o
c) 70o
d) 110o
10. In the given figure, if ∠ AOC = 50° then (∠AOD + ∠COB) is equal to:
a) 100o
b) 130o
c) 140o
d) 260o
11. In the given figure, ABCD is a rectangle in which ∠APB = 100°. The value of x is:
a) 40o
b) 50o
c) 60o
d) 70o

12. In the given figure, AB || CD then value of x is:

a) 45o
b) 60o
c) 90o
d) 105o

13. In the given figure, PQ || RS and ∠ACS = 127°, ∠BAC is:

a) 50o
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 b) 53o
c) 77o
d) 107o
14. In figure, AB || ED, the value of x is:
a) 260
b) 36o
c) 54 o
d) 62 o

15. In the given figure, if AOB is a line then the measure of ∠BOC, ∠COD and ∠DOA respectively are:
a) 36o, 54o, 90o
b) 36o, 90o, 54o
c) 90o, 36o, 54o
d) 90o, 54o, 36o

16. A line joining two endpoints are called:

a) Line segment b) A ray c) Parallel lines d)Intersecting lines
17. An acute angle is:
a) More than 90 degrees b) Less than 90 degrees
c) Equal to 90 degrees d) Equal to 180 degrees
18. A reflex angle is:
a) More than 90 degrees b) Equal to 90 degrees
c) More than 180 degrees d) Equal to 180 degrees
19. A straight angle is equal to:
a) 0° b) 90° c) 180° d) 360°
20. Two angles whose sum is equal to 180° are called:
a) Vertically opposite angles b) Complementary angles
c) Adjacent angles d) Supplementary angles
21. Intersecting lines cut each other at:
a)One point b) Two points c) Three points d) Null
22. Two parallel lines intersect at:
a)One point b) Two points c) Three points d) Null
23. If two lines intersect each other, then the vertically opposite angles are:

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 a) Equal b) Unequal
c) Cannot be determined d) None of the above
24. In the figure below, which of the following are corresponding angle
pairs:
a)∠p and ∠q
b)∠p and ∠w
c)∠p and ∠x
d)∠p and ∠z

25. If AB || CD, EF ⊥ CD and ∠GED = 135° as per the figure given below.
The value of ∠AGE is:
a) 120°
b) 140°
c) 90°
d) 135°

26. What is the measure of an angle whose measure is 32° less than its supplement?
(a) 148° (b) 60° (c) 74° (d) 55°
27. If the supplement of an angle is 4 times of its compliment, find the angle.
(a)600 (b) 500 (c) 800 (d)1000
28.  In a right angled triangle where angle A= 90° and AB=AC. What are the values of angle B.
(a) 45° (b) 35° (c) 75° (d) 65°
29. What is the supplement of 105°?
(a) 65° (b) 75° (c) 85° (d) 95°
30.  If ∠S and 100° form a linear pair. What is the measure of ∠S
(a) 180° (b) 120° (c) 90° (d) 80°
31. Find the angle which is four times its complement is 10° less than twice its complement.
(a) 15° (b) 10° (c) 25° (d) 5°
32. The angle which is equal to 8 times its complement is:
(a) 72° (b) 88° (c) 90° (d) 80°
33. The angles of a triangle are in the ratio 5: 3: 7, the triangle is:
(a) A right triangle (b) An obtuse angled triangle
(c) An isosceles triangle (d) An acute angled triangle
34. The complement of (90°–a) is:
(a) a° (b) -a° (c) 90° + a (d) 90° – a
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35. The number of line segments determined by three given non-collinear points is:
(a) Two (b) Four (c) Infinitely many (d) Three
36. The number of lines that can pass through a given point is/are:
(a) Two (b) One (c) Infinity (d) Only one
37. An exterior angle of a triangle is 80° and two interior opposite angles are equal. What will be the measure
of each of these angles?
(a) 60° (b) 40° (c) 100° (d) 120°
38. In two interior angles on the same side of a transversal intersecting two parallel lines are in the ratio 5:4,
then find the smaller of the two angles?
(a) 60° (b) 80° (c) 120° (d) 100°
39. The number of triangles that can be drawn having angles as 50°, 60° and 70° are:
(a) Only one (b) Infinite (c) Two (d) None of these
40. How many triangles can be drawn having angles as 45°, 60° and 85°?
(a) Infinitely many (b) Two (c) Only one (d) None of these
41. Each angle of an equilateral triangle is:
(a)30° (b) 90° (c) 60° (d) 45°
42. In the given figure, the bisectors of ∠ABC and ∠BCA , intersect each other at point O. If ∠ BOC = 1000 ,
then ∠ A is
(a) 300 (b) 200 (c) 400 (d) 500
43. What is common between the three angles of a triangle and a linear
Pair?
(a) Angles are equal
(b) In both cases sum of angles is 1800
(c) In triangle there are three angles and in linear pair there are
two angles.
(d) None of these
44. In the given figure, ∠ 2 and ∠ 8 are known as
(a) exterior angles
(b) exterior angles on the same side of transversal
(c) alternate exterior angles
(d) interior angles
45. In the given figure, measure of ∠QPR is
(a) 10.50
(b) 420
(c) 1110
(d) 500
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46. In figure, if l1 || l2 , what is the value of x
(a) 900
(b) 850
(c) 750
(d) 700

47. If a wheel has six spokes equally spaced, then the measure of the angle between two adjacent spokes is
(a) 300 (b) 900 (c) 600 (d) 1800
48. In figure, which of the following statements must be true?
(i) a + b = d + c (ii) a + c + e = 180 (iii) b + f = c + e
(a) (i) only (b) (ii) only
(c) (iii) only (d) (ii) and (iii)only
49. An angle is 16° more than its complement. Then its measure is
(a) 42° (b) 48° (c) 53° (d) 68°
50. The angles of a triangle are in the ratio 5 : 3 : 7. The triangle is
(a) An acute angled triangle (b) An obtuse angled triangle
(c ) A right triangle (d) An isosceles triangle.
51. One angle forming a linear pair is twice the other. The larger is
(a) 120° (b) 60° (c) 160° (d) None of these
52.Co interior angles are also called ____ angles
(a) allied (b) alternate (c) complementary (d) None of these

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