Tube Well Design Project Solution

Tube Well Design project solution
SOLUTION
The expected discharge of the well is given equation
2 πKb( H−hw )
Q=
R
2.303 log 10 ( )
r
Therefore, the radius of the well becomes half of the given 20 cm diameter of the well and the radius of
the well becomes is r = 10cm
2 πKb(H−hw ) 2.72∗0.0003216∗45∗5 0.19

Q= = = =0.0475 m3 /s=0.05 m3 /s
R 1000 4
2.303 log 10 ( ) log 10( )
r 0.10
1000l
)( )
3
∗60 sec
0.05 m m3
¿ Q= (sec
∗
min
= 3000l/min
Table 1.Diameter and thickness of housing pipes of the tube wells for different sizes of
turbines/submersible pumps
Table 2.Suggested Thickness of well casing pipe, mm

Table 3. Recommended Diameter of casing pipe and well screen
The design calculations for various components of the tube well assembly are given below
I) WELL LOG ANALYSIS:

a) Draw the percent retained vs. size curve and compare it with the standard aquifer curves
As above table shown there two types of data given
 Per cent age retained
 Sieve size
Therefore, per cent age retained are then expressed as a percentage of the total weight of the
sample and a graph plotted through the cumulative per cent of the sample retained on a given
sieve and all the other sieves above it, versus the size of the given sieve, expressed in mm (Fig.1)
The percentage of the sample retained is plotted on the y-axis and the size of the sieve or ‘particle
size’ on the x-axis.
Fig 1. Typical sieve analysis curve aquifer material
Compare it with the standard aquifer curves VS. Given above Fig.1 Typical sieve analysis curve aquifer
Standard aquifer curves Given Typical aquifer curve
- The term ‘effective size’ is defined as - The term ‘effective size’ is defined as formation
formation particle size, where 10 per cent of particle size, where 10 per cent of the sand is finer
the sand is finer and 90 per cent coarser and 90 per cent coarser
- 90% sand grains > 0.25 - 90% sand grains > 0.1
- 10% sand grains <0.25 - 10% sand grains <0.1
- Therefore the effective size d10 = 0.25 - Therefore the effective size d10 = 0.1
b) Determine the effective grain size
Effective Size, d10
 The term ‘effective size’ is defined as formation particle size, where 10 per cent of the sand is
finer and 90 per cent coarser.
 The curve on Fig. 1 above shows that 90 per cent coarser sand of the sample consists of grains
larger than 0.1mm, or that 10 per cent finer sand is smaller than this size.
 Effective size of the formation material is (d10 = 0.1 mm).
c) Determine the uniformity coefficient

Uniformity coefficient, Cu
 This is a ratio expressing the variation in grain size of a granular material.
 It is usually measured by the sieve aperture that passes 60 per cent of the material, divided by the
sieve aperture that passes 10 per cent of the material.
 Thus, in above curve (Fig. 1), the uniformity coefficient is
d 60 ( 40 % retained ) 0.2
C u= = =2
d 10 ( 90 % reatained ) 0.1
II) DESIGN THE HOUSING PIPE

a. Nominal Pump Diameter
For the above discharge of 3000 l/min, by using the diameter and thickness of the housing pipe (steel
pipe) are given in Table 1.
 The nominal diameter of the pump is 25 cm

b. Diameter of The Housing Pipe
Also by using the above discharge of 3000 l/min, by using the diameter and thickness of the housing pipe
(steel pipe) are given in Table 1 and the nominal diameter of the pump is 25 cm, therefore the
recommended diameter of housing pipe 30 cm
c. Depth of The Housing Pipe
Depth of housing pipe = Water table depth below ground level + Drawdown + Seasonal fluctuation +
Allowance for submergence of pump
Assuming the allowance for submergence to be 5.5 m and a clearance of 50 cm between pump and
bottom of housing pipe
So, the depth of housing pipe is D = 30 + 5 + 1 + 5.5 + 0.5 = 42 m
III) DESIGN THE WELL CASING PIPE AND SCREEN

1. Design of Well Casing Pipe
a. Diameter well casing pipe
Assume the flow velocity to be 1.5m/s, for a discharge of 0.05 m3/sec (3000 l/min), the cross-sectional
area of the casing pipe
Q 0.05 m3 / s 2
Q=V ∗A=A= = =0.0333 m
V 1.5 m/s
Therefore, the cross-sectional area of the circular casing pipe becomes

π d2 4A 4A 4∗0.0333
A=
4
⇒ d 2=
π
⇒ d=
π
=
√ √π
=0.206 m=20.6 cm say21 cm
However, referring to above table 3, the minimum diameter of casing pipe for a discharge of 3000 l/min
is 20 cm, which is lower than the calculated value. Hence, the recommended a plain pipe of 25-cm
diameter is selected
b. Thickness well casing pipe
So that, by referring to above table 2 for a 25-cm diameter and 85 m deep well
The thickness of a pipe is 2.78 mm, hence, a thickness of 3 mm is selected
2. Design of Well Screen

a. Diameter well Screen
Diameter of well screen: The diameter of the well screen is usually kept the same as that of the casing
pipe. Hence, it may be kept as 25 cm.
b. Thickness of well screen
Screen length: The effective area per meter length of the well screen is given by
Ao =π∗d∗15 % effective open area
Qo
Minimum length of screen , h=
AoV o
Where
Q o Maximum expected discharge (m 3/min ⁡)

Ao Effective open area per meter length of the well screen(m2)
V o Entrance velocity at the screen(m/min)
Ao =πd x 15 % of open area=3.14∗0.2∗0.15=0.0942m 2
V o =0.025 m/sec∗(60 sec /min ⁡) =1.5 m/min
3000 m/min
Q o =3000l/ min= =3 m 3/min
1000
Q 3
Then, h= = =21.2 msay 21 m
A o V o 0.0942∗1.5
The aquifer thickness is 45 m. Therefore, it is desirable to provide about 40 m length of screen, which is
more than 21 m and about 90 percent of the aquifer depth. The screen may be provided in the central
portion of the aquifer, leaving equal depths untapped at both ends

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Tube Well Design project solution

The expected discharge of the well is given equation

2 πKb(H−hw ) 2.72∗0.0003216∗45∗5 0.19

Table 2.Suggested Thickness of well casing pipe, mm

I) WELL LOG ANALYSIS:

b) Determine the effective grain size

Effective Size, d10

 Effective size of the formation material is (d10 = 0.1 mm).

c) Determine the uniformity coefficient

 This is a ratio expressing the variation in grain size of a granular material.

 Thus, in above curve (Fig. 1), the uniformity coefficient is

II) DESIGN THE HOUSING PIPE

 The nominal diameter of the pump is 25 cm

c. Depth of The Housing Pipe

So, the depth of housing pipe is D = 30 + 5 + 1 + 5.5 + 0.5 = 42 m

III) DESIGN THE WELL CASING PIPE AND SCREEN

Therefore, the cross-sectional area of the circular casing pipe becomes

b. Thickness well casing pipe

The thickness of a pipe is 2.78 mm, hence, a thickness of 3 mm is selected

2. Design of Well Screen

b. Thickness of well screen

Ao =π∗d∗15 % effective open area

Q o Maximum expected discharge (m 3/min ⁡)

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