R.

ESENI
ORNOTES
MKUSHICOPPERMI
NESECONDARYSCHOOL
Thi
spamphl
etwasdonebyRexKabunda(
0979062467)Gr
ade12of
2019.

REXKABUNDA

[
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ext
]Page1
GRADETEN(
10)WORK
UNI
T1:THEBI
RTHANDI
NFANCYOFJOHNTHEBAPTI
STANDJESUS
CHRI
ST
BI
RTHTRADI
TIONSANDCUSTOMS

InZambia,
ther
earemanybirt
ht r
adi
ti
onsandcust
oms.Acustom i
sanact i
vit
y,aruleor
ceremonydonebyapar
ti
culargroupofpeopl
easpar
tofthewayofli
fe.Al
mostal let
hni
c
groupsi
nZambiahavet
heiruniquecust
omsthatmaket
hem dif
fer
entfrom ot
hers.

Therear
ealsosomecust omswhi charecommonandcutacrossallt
ribes.Thesear
ewhat
bri
ngustogetherasZambiansinparti
cul
arandAfr
icansi
ngeneral
.Traditi
onsontheother
handarepract
ices,
cust
oms, bel
iefsandopi
nionst
hatarepassedonfrom onegenerat
ionto
thenext
.

Ther
ear
evar
ioust
radi
ti
onsandpr
act
icesont
henami
ngandpr
otect
ionoft
hebabyatbi
rt
h.

OCCASI
ON TRADI
TIONANDCUSTOMS

Choosi
ngofanameand  Nami
ngcanbedonebef
oreoraf
terbi
rt
h.
namingoft
hebaby
:
 Choosingofthenamemaydependonci rcumst ances;
examples:wherether
eishungerorf
amine( NzalainChi
Tonga),aboyafterachai
nofgirl
s(Mut
inta)andmany
other
s.

 Thebabyi
snamedaf
tert
heumbi
l
ical
cor
dhasdr
opped
off
.

 Somet
imesachi
l
disnamedaf
terar
elat
iveorancest
or.

Pr
otect
ionoft
hebaby
:  Aft
erbi
rt
h,themotherandchil
dar
esecl
udedf
ora
per
iodoft
imef orpr
otect
ion

 Bothhusbandandwif
earenotal
l
owedt
ohav
esexual
rel
ati
onsforaper
iodoft
ime.

 Root
s,char
msandothertr
adit
ional
medi
cinesareused
topr
otectt
hebabyf
rom di
seaseandwit
chcraf
t

 Sacri
fi
cesofbeerorf
oodandpr
ayer
sar
eof
fer
edt
othe
ancestr
alspi
ri
ts.

I
mpor
tanceofbi
rt
htr
adi
ti
onsandcust
oms

Bi
rt
hisauni
fyi
ngf
act
ori
nev
eryhome.Thebi
rt
hofachi
l
dbr
ingsast
rongbondbet
ween

[
Typet
ext
]Page2
husbandandwifeandthetwofami
li
es.Rel
ati
veandfri
endsusuall
ybr
inggi
ft
sforthebaby
orthemothert
owel comeandappr
eciat
enewlif
e.Thesetr
adit
ionsar
eimport
antbecause:

a)Theyshowanappr
eci
ati
onofnewl
i
fe.

b)I
tist
hei
dent
it
yoft
hechi
l
dandcont
inui
tyofl
i
fe.

c)I
tshowst
heusef
ulnessoft
hechi
l
dtot
hecommuni
ty

THEBI
RTHOFJOHNTHEBAPTI
ST

Bi
blet
ext
:Luke1:
5-24;
57-
66

Ther
easonswhyt
hebi
rt
hofJohnt
heBapt
istwasspeci
alandi
mpor
tant
:

 Hi
sbi
rt
hwasf
oret
old(
ment
ionedl
ongbef
orehewasbor
n)

 I
tremov
edshamewhichcamewi t
hbar
rennessonEl
i
zabet
h(chi
l
dlessnesswas
bl
amedonthewi
fei
nt hoseday
s)

 Hi
spar
ent
swher
ebey
ondchi
l
dbear
ingageandv
eryol
d.

 Zachar
iahpr
ayedf
ort
hesonandt
hebi
rt
hofJohnwast
heanswer
.

 Bot
hZachariahandEl
i
zabet
hwer
edescendant
sfr
om t
hepr
iest
lyf
ami
l
iesand
upr
ightbef
oreGod.

Cust
omsofNazar
it
eChi
ldr
enatBi
rt
h(Number
s6:
1-8)

Johnwast obebr
oughtupasaNazar
it
e;meani
ngt
he“
separ
atedone”
.Thecust
oms
i
ncluded:

 Nodr
inki
ngofal
cohol

 Nogoi
ngnearort
ouchi
ngofdeadbodi
es

 Nocut
ti
ngofhi
shai
r

Pur
poseofj
ohn’
sli
feandmi
nist
ry

 Tobet
hef
orer
unneroft
heMessi
ah.

 Tobet
hespi
ri
tual
Eli
j
ah(
per
for
mingt
askst
hrought
heHol
ySpi
ri
t)
.

 Tobet
hehear
erofdi
scor
d(t
oconv
ertt
hosewhor
ebel
l
edagai
nstr
ightl
i
ving)
.

 Topr
epar
ethenat
ionf
ort
hecomi
ngoft
heMessi
ah.

Howj
ohn’
sbi
rt
hwasaf
ulf
il
mentofOl
dTest
amentpr
ophecy

 Hewast
hef
orer
unneroft
heMessi
ah

 Hewast
hehear
erofdi
scor
d

 Hepr
epar
edt
hewayf
ort
hecomi
ngoft
heMessi
ah.

[
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]Page3
ANNOUNCEMENTOFTHEBI
RTHOFJESUS

Bi
blet
ext

 Theannouncementoft
hebi
rt
hofJesust
oMar
y(Lk1:
26-
38)

 Theannouncementoft
hebi
rt
hofJesust
oJoseph(
Mt1:
18-
25)

 Mar
y’sv
isi
ttoEl
i
zabet
h(Lk1:
39-
45)

 Thebi
rt
hofJesusChr
ist(
Lk2:
1-7)

 Theannouncementoft
hebi
rt
hofJesust
oshepher
ds(
Lk2:
1-)

 Thev
isi
toft
hewi
semenandt
hef
li
ghtt
oEgy
pt(
Lk1-
23)

 Jesusi
nthet
empl
easababy(
Lk2:
21-
39)

 Jesusatt
wel
vey
ear
sol
d(Lk2:
41-
52)

Jesus’
tit
lesshowt
hepur
poseofhi
scomi
ng

a)JESUSmeans-sav
iouroft
hepeopl
efr
om si
n.

b)MESSI
AH(
theChr
ist
)means-anoi
ntedone.

c)SONOFGOD–meani
ngsonoft
hemosthi
gh,
showi
nghi
sdei
ty.

d)SONOFDAVI
D-meani
ngbor
nint
hel
i
neageofDav
id(
tobeki
ngofpeopl
e’l
i
ves)

Thepur
poseoft
heMessi
ah’
Kingdom

Thefactt
hattheJewswereinslaver
ybytheRomans,madethem anxiousaboutt
hebirt
hof
JesusChri
st.Theyt
houghthewasgoingtocomewi t
hmightyarmyt hatwoul
ddri
vet
he
Romansawayandsett hem f
ree.Butt
hepurposeofMessi
anicKingdom wasmadeclearto
Josephas:

a)Notconquestbutsal
vat
ion.

b)Notdel
i
ver
ancef
rom t
heRomansbutsi
n.

c)Notanear
thl
yphy
sical
monar
chbutspi
ri
tual
one.

Meani
ngofgi
ft
sfr
om t
hewi
semen

Gol
d-showedJesus’
Kingshi
p

Fr
anki
ncense-r
epr
esent
edhi
sDei
ty

My
rrh-r
epr
esent
edhi
scomi
ngsuf
fer
ing

HOW THEBI
RTHOFJESUSWASFUFI
LLEDI
NOLDTESTAMENTPROPHECY

SNo Ol
dTest
amentpr
ophecy
: Howthepr
ophecywasf
ulf
il
ledi
nNew
Test
ament
:

[
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]Page4
01 Tobebor
ninDav
id’
sfami
l
y Wasbor
nfr
om t
hel
i
neofDav
id

(
Isai
ah9;
6-7,
11:
1-3;
Psal
ms89:
3-4) (
Mt1:
1,16-
17,
20-
21)

02 Tobebor
nofav
irgi
n(I
sai
ah7:
14) Wasbor
noft
hev
irgi
nMar
y(Mt1:
3)

03 Tobebor
ninBet
hlehem(
Micah5:
2) Wasbor
ninBet
hlehem(
Lk2:
1-7)

04 Woul
dli
vei
nEgy
ptandcal
l
edout Heli
vedi
nEgy
ptandwascal
l
edoutt
her
e(Mt
2:
18)
(
Hosea11:
1)

05 Woul
dli
vei
nNazar
eth(
Isai
ah11:
1) Hel
i
vedi
nNazar
eth(
Mt2;
23)

06 Bet
hlehem’
schi
l
drenwoul
dbeki
l
led Her
odhadBethl
ehem’schi
l
dren
massacr
ed(
Mt2:18)
(
Jer
emi
ah31:
15)

Thet
hreemai
ncer
emoni
esper
for
medbyJewi
shpar
ent
saf
terbi
rt
h

 Ci
rcumci
sion-wasdonewhent
hechi
l
dwasei
ghtday
sol
doroneweek.

Thi
swasanout wardagreementorcovenantthatGoldhadmadewi t
htheJews.
Anyonenotci
rcumcisedcoul
dneit
hersharethehopesoft henat
ionnorj
oininthe
worshi
pYahwehnorbecount edasIsr
aeli
te.
..(Genesi
s17:9-
14andLevit
icus12:13)

 Dedicati
on-wasthesecondceremonyandwasper f
ormedattheageofonemonth.
Atthisage,ev
eryfir
stbornmalechi
ldwaspresent
edtoGodintheTempleof
dedicat
ion;
thenboughtbackorredeemedbythepaymentoff
iveShekel
s.(
Exodus
13:
2, Numbers18:15-16andLuke2:22)

 Purif
icati
on-wasthethir
dceremonydoneatf ort
ydaysaft
ert
hebirt
hoft hemal e
chil
dt osanct
ify(
pur
ify)t
hemot her
.Shehadtoof feral
ambforbur
ntofferinganda
bir
dforsinofferi
ng(Levi
ti
cus12:1-
8).I
ftheparentswer
epoor,t
heyoff
ert wobirds
i
nsteadofal ambandabi rd.

AJewi
shmal
echi
ldatt
wel
vey
ear
s

a)Atonemont
h,achi
l
dist
akent
otheTempl
e;sowasJesus.

b)Atthreetheboywouldfr
ingedgar
mentsandbetaughtbyt
hemot her
.Byf
iveyear
s,he
wouldtaughtlaw(Tor
ah)bythefat
herandal
soat
tendschoolatSy
nagogue(Deut6:
4-9)

c)Att
wel
ve,
hewoul
drecei
vei
nst
ruct
ionsi
nvar
iousr
eli
giousobser
vancesatt
heTempl
e.

HowGoddi
rect
shumanl
iv
es

Iti
sGod’sdesir
ethatpeopleshoul
dliv
eanddohi swil
l
.However,
Goddoesnotfor
cehiswi
l
l
andpurposeonus.Humanshav efr
eedom ofchoi
ce.I
nthecaseofJohnt
heBapti
stand
JesusChri
st,whathappenedtothei
rparent
sisawayhowGoddi rect
shumanl
ivesas
fol
lows:

[
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ext
]Page5
1.Godhasanappoi
ntedt
imet
oful
fi
lHi
spur
pose

2.Goduseshumanbei
ngst
oful
fi
lhi
spur
pose

3.Hechoosesspeci
alpeopl
eforspeci
fi
cpur
poses(
JosephandMar
y,Zachar
iahand
El
izabet
h)

4.Somet
imesGoduseor
dinar
ywi
thspeci
alt
rai
ningori
nst
ruct
ion.

WhyGodchoset
ouseZachar
iahandEl
izabet
h;JosephandMar
y

 Thei
rwayl
i
fepl
easedGod(
Lk1:
6-30,
Mt1:
19)
.

 Theywerewil
l
ingandav
ail
abl
etof
ulf
ilt
hepur
poseofGod(
especi
all
yMar
yand
El
izabet
h).

 Theywer
eexpect
ingt
heMessi
ah.

 Theywer
einst
ruct
edi
nasuper
nat
ural
wayt
ouset
hei
rnat
ural
desi
res.

HowGoddi
rect
sli
vesofChr
ist
ianst
oday

a)Hehasaspeci
fi
cpl
anandpur
poset
odayf
orev
eryl
i
fe.

b)Hedoesnotf
orcet
hesepl
ansonus.Wehav
ethef
reedom ofchoi
ce.

c)Inmostcases,
thechoi
cebet
weenwr
ongandr
ighti
sver
ycl
ear
.Henev
ergui
desagai
nst
Hiswil
l
.

Waybywhi
chGodmakeHi
swi
shesknown

 Thr
oughHi
swor
d(t
heBi
ble)
.

 Byi
nneri
nspi
rat
ionoft
heHol
ySpi
ri
t.

 Thr
oughadv
icef
rom f
ri
ends.

 Thr
oughacompl
etei
nnerpeaceofmi
ndi
ndeci
sionmaki
ng.

 Bymaki
ngour
sel
vesav
ail
abl
etoGod.

 Doi
ngv
ari
oust
hingst
odi
scov
erwhatwecando.

Expect
edChr
ist
ianr
esponset
oGod’
sdi
rect
ion

 Sur
render
ingt
oGodal
ldeci
sions,
cir
cumst
ancesandpl
ans.

 Maki
ngour
sel
vesav
ail
abl
etoGod.

 Accept
ingHi
sgui
dance.

Rel
igi
oust
eachi
ngsonhowGoddi
rect
speopl
e

a)Chr
ist
iani
ty

[
Typet
ext
]Page6
  Thr
oughHi
swor
d(t
heBi
ble)
.

 Byi
nneri
nspi
rat
ionoft
heHol
ySpi
ri
t.

 Thr
oughadv
icef
rom f
ri
ends.

 Thr
oughacompl
etei
nnerpeaceofmi
ndi
ndeci
sionmaki
ng.

 Bymaki
ngour
sel
vesav
ail
abl
etoGod.

 Doi
ngv
ari
oust
hingst
odi
scov
erwhatwecando.

b)I
slam

 Ev
eryt
hingt
hathappensi
sthewi
l
lofAl
l
ahandmustbeaccept
ed.

 Allahthr
oughAngelGabr
iel
gav
ethemassaget
othepr
ophetMuhammad,
the
recordedint
heQuran.

 TheQur
ant
hebasi
sforgui
dancei
nev
erypar
tofaMusl
i
m’sl
i
fe.

c)Hi
ndui
sm

 Onei
sbor
ninapar
ti
cul
arcast
eandi
sgui
dedt
hroughdai
l
yandseasonal
rit
ual
s.

 Goddi
rect
sHi
ndust
hroughl
i
fecy
clesi
ncl
udi
ngbi
rt
h,mar
ri
age,
wor
shi
panddeat
h.

 Api
l
gri
maget
ooner
eli
giousSi
tei
simpor
tantf
oraHi
ndu.

 Annual
fest
ival
sofDi
wal
iandNawar
atr
iremi
ndHi
ndusofr
eli
giousv
aluesandbr
ing
l
if
e.

 St
ri
ctconducti
sexpect
edofev
eryHi
ndu.

 Goddi
rect
saHi
ndut
hrought
heVedaswhi
l
eli
vi
ngwi
tht
heGur
u.

Rel
igi
ouscompar
isononGod’
sdi
rect
ioni
nhumanl
if
e

a)Chr
ist
iani
tyVsI
slam

Si
mil
ari
ti
es

 bot
hconsul
tscr
ipt
uref
orgui
dance

 bot
hbel
i
evet
hatwhat
everhappensi
sthewi
l
lofGod

Di
ff
erences

Chr
ist
ians:-God’
smessagesar
erecor
dedi
ntheBi
blet
hroughi
nspi
redwr
it
ers.

Musl
ims:-Al
l
ah’
smessagesar
erecor
dedi
ntheQur
ant
hroughpr
ophet

Muhammadf
rom t
heangel
Gabr
iel
.

[
Typet
ext
]Page7
Chr
ist
ians:-apar
tfr
om t
heBi
ble,
Godhasot
herway
sofgui
dingpeopl
e.

Musl
ims:-t
heonl
ybasi
sofgui
dancei
stheQur
an.

b)Chr
ist
iani
tyVsHi
ndui
sm

Si
mil
ari
ti
es

 bot
hbel
i
evet
hatast
ri
ctconducti
sexpect
edt
oli
veaccor
dingt
oGod’
spl
an

 bot
hconsul
ttheHol
yscr
ipt
uref
orgui
dance

Di
ff
erences

Chr
ist
ians:-Goddi
rect
sChr
ist
ianst
hrought
heBi
ble.

Hi
ndus:-Goddi
rect
sHi
ndust
hrought
heVedas

Chr
ist
ians:-Ar
edi
rect
edt
hrought
hedai
l
ysur
roundi
ngofal
ldeci
sionst
oGod.

Hi
ndus:-Ar
edi
rect
edt
hroughl
i
fecy
cler
it
eincl
udi
ngbi
rt
h,mar
ri
ageanddeat
h.

Assessment
QUESTI ON1
(a)Rel atet hestoryoft heannouncementoft hebirt
hofJohnt heBapt i
stt
o
Zachar iah.
(b)Expl ainwhatt hest or yteachest heChristi
ansaboutthepur poseoft he
l
ifeofJohnt heBapt ist.Statet hreepoints.
(c)Acoupl ehasanewbor nbaby .Therelati
veswantt ogiv
et hebaby
thenameofar el at
ivewhor ecent l
ypassedon.Whatonear gumentcoul d
ther el
at iv
euset odef endt heirpositi
onandwhatoneChr i
stianpoint
thecoupl euset odef endt heirChr i
sti
anv iew.
(d)St ateonesi milarit
yandonedi ffer
encebet weenChr i
sti
anityandZambi a
Tradi t
ional Rel
igionont heirreligi
ousdut yandfamilyloy
alty.
QUESTI ON2
(a)Descr i
beJohnt heBapt istmessaget othepeoplewhocamet obebapt ized
byhi m.
(b)(i)Whatdot hef oll
owi ngt er
msmean:
-ANazar ite
-ANazar ene
(i
i)Nameonef rom t heOl dTest amentbookofJudgeswhowasnotan
obedi entNazar i
te. [6]
(c)ThemassageofJesusi ssimi l
artothatofJohnt heBapt i
st.Whatdi dtheytalkabout
?
Statet hreepoi nts.
(d)St ateonesi milarit
yandonedi ffer
encei ncentr
alteachi
ngsbet weenChr i
sti
anit
yand
Hindui sm.

[
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ext
]Page8
UNI
T2:MI
NISTRYANDDEATHOFJOHNTHEBAPTI
ST

Speaki
ngagai
nstsi
nandev
il

Sini
sdefinedasf
ail
i
ngtor
eachGod’srequi
redstandar
dorr
ebel
l
ionagai
nstGod.Si
nbr
eaks
ther
elat
ionshi
pbet
weenGodandotherpeople.

Evi
li
sanythi
ngdonetoahumanbeingwhichi
snotaccept
abl
ebybot
hGodandman.
Ther
efor
e,conf
li
cti
sasaresul
tofbot
hsinandevi
l.

Commonev
il
sint
hewor
ld

Thesei
ncl
ude;

 Cor
rupt
ion

 Br
iber
y

 Expl
oit
ati
on

 Pr
ost
it
uti
on

 Di
scr
imi
nat
ionbasedonr
aceorsex

ThemessageofJohnt
heBapt
ist(
Luke3:
1-20,
Mat
thew3:
1-20)

JohntheBapti
stwasanout
standingmanwhodenouncedsinandevi
li
nhi
stime.Hi
sduty
wastopreparethewayf
orMessiah,t
omakepeopl
ereadyforthecomi
ngsal
vat
iont
hrough
JesusChri
st.

I
nhi
smessage,
hespoket
othr
eegr
oups:

 Reli
giousl
eaders-her
ebukedthem bycall
ingt
hem br
oodofviper
s;warnedt
hem t
o
fl
eethewraththatwascoming.Hetoldthem t
hei
mpor t
anceofshar
ing.

 Taxcol
l
ect
ors-col
l
ectnomor
eisappoi
ntedf
ory
ou.

 Sol
dier
s-r
obenonebyv
iol
enceoff
alseaccusat
ionsandbecont
entwi
thy
ourwages.

[
Typet
ext
]Page9
Ri
ghtbehav
iouri
nZambi
atoday

Rightbehavi
ourissimplytheabili
tyt
of oll
owt heacceptedmor
al st
andardsi
nsociet
y.
Christ
iansbel
ievethattheri
ghtbehaviourisdoingwhatGodexpect stodo.I
nordert
ohave
anor malsoci
ety,i
tisexpectedthator
dinar ypeopl
e,thosei
nauthori
tyandchur
chleader
s
shouldupholdcert
ainstandardsandv alues.

a)Peopl
einaut
hor
it
y

 Shoul
dnott
akeadv
ant
ageoft
hei
rposi
ti
ons.

 Wor
khonest
lyt
obenef
itot
her
s.

 Shoul
dnotacceptbr
ibes

b)Or
dinar
ypeopl
einsecul
arwor
k(t
eacher
s,pol
i
ce,
nur
ses,
doct
orset
c)

 Wor
khar
d

 Behonestt
obenef
itot
her
s

 Notwai
stempl
oyer
’st
ime

 Beupr
ight

c)Rel
igi
ousandchur
chl
eader
s(pr
iest
s,past
ors,
elder
s,deaconset
c)

 Li
vebyexampl
e

 Bei
ngupr
ight

 Hav
ingagoodr
eput
ati
on

Thewor
kofJohnandJesus

Thewor
kofJohn Thewor
kofJesus

 Chal
l
engedpeopl
etor
epent
(Mt3:
1-  Chal
l
engedpeopl
etor
epent
(Mt4:
17)
9)
 Bapt
isedwi
tht
heHol
ySpi
ri
t(
Mk1:
8)
 Bapt
isedwi
thwat
er(
Mt3:
6)
 For
gav
epeopl
e’
ssi
ns(
Mk2:
5-11)
 Encouragedpeopl
etobeart
hef
rui
ts
ofrepentance(
Mt3:
7-9)  Heheal
edt
hesi
ck(
Mt4:
23)

 Warnedpeopl
eagai
nstGod’
s  Hecastoutdemons(
Mt8:
30-
32)
j
udgement  Hewarnedpeopl
eofthecomi
ng
j
udgement(
Mt12:38-
41)

Compar
isonbet
weent
hewor
kofJohnandt
hatofJesus

Si
mil
ari
ti
es:

[
Typet
ext
]Page10
  Bot
hchal
l
engedpeopl
etor
epent
.

 Bot
hwar
nedt
hepeopl
eaboutt
hecomi
ngj
udgement
.

 Bot
hbapt
isedpeopl
e.

 Bot
hencour
agedpeopl
etot
het
ruef
rui
tsofr
epent
ance.

Di
ff
erences:

 Johnbapt
isedwi
thwat
erwhi
l
eJesusbapt
isedwi
tht
hespi
ri
t.

 Jesusf
orgav
epeopl
e’
ssi
nswhi
l
eJohncoul
dnot
.

Responsest
orel
igi
ousandmor
almessagest
oday

Mor
alsar
eaccept
abl
epat
ter
nsofbehav
iouri
napar
ti
cul
arsoci
ety
.

Rel
igi
ousmessagesar
ethosemessageswhi
chbr
ingoutv
aluesofagi
venr
eli
gion.

I
nZambi
atoday
,rel
i
giousmessagesar
erecei
vedwi
thmi
xedf
ell
i
ngsasshownbel
l
ow:

 Somer
epentandchanget
hei
rbehav
iourf
orbet
ter
.

 Somet
urnadeafeart
oandcont
inuewi
tht
hei
rwayofl
i
fe.

 Ot
her
smockatt
hosewhot
eachmor
alorr
eli
giousv
alues.

 Ot
her
scr
it
ici
set
hemessage.

WhyJohnt heBapt istwasi mpr i

sonedandki l
led(Mk6:17-29)
 Johnchal lengeHer od’smor al l
if
eaf t
erhetookhisbrother’
swifeHerodias.
Otherpeopl ewhosuf f
eredfort heirfait
h
a)Mar t
inLutherKi ng-AnAf ri
canAmer i
canwhowasshotdur i
ngamat chforequal ri
ghts.
b)Mahat maGandhi -AHi nduwhodev otedhisli
fetowinindependenceforIndi
at hroughnon
-vi
olence.
c)Nel sonMandel a-Spent27y earsatRobi nsonIsl
andprisonforpoli
ti
calfr
eedom
d)SimonKapwepwe, Nkumbul aHar ryandKennet hKaunda-suf f
eredfor
pol i
tical
f r
eedom i nZambi a.
e)Wi l
liam Ty ndale-TheBr i
ti
shr eformerwhowasbur ntfortransl
ati
ngthe BibleintoEngli
sh.
f)KizitoChar lesLwangaandMukasa-Ugandanmar t
yrswhower ekill
edfortheirfait
h.

Reli
giouscent ralteachingsonr epentance
a)Zambi anTr aditi
onalRel i
gion
 Onemustkeepi ntouchwiththeancestr
alspi
ri
tsinordertogethel
pintimeofneed.
 Of feri
ngofsacr if
icesatfamilyofclani
simport
ant.
 The“ shrine”iswher ethepeoplemeettheancestr
alspiri
ts.
 Godi sconsi deredsupr emebutunknowable.Heisspokent oi
nprayeratspeci
al
ti
mes.
b)Isl
am
Teachest hef i
v epill
ars:
 Kal ima-Ther eisnogodbutAl l
ahandMuhammadi shisprophet
.

[
Typet
ext
]Page11
  Pr ayer -Thi si sdonef i
vet imesi naday ,whilef acingMecca.
 Fast ing-Dur ingt hemont hofRamadan, beginni ngatsunr iseandendi ngatsunset.
 Almsgi ving-I st her it
ual ofgivingmoneyt ot hepoor .
 Pilgrimage-Ev eryMusl i
mi sdi rect edt omakeapi lgr
imaget oMeccaatl eastoncein
al if
et ime.
c)Hi ndui sm
Hasf ivemai npr inci pl escal l
edDhar ma( reli
gi on):
 God-Hecr eat edandcont rolst heuni v erse.Hei somni present,knowsev eryt
hingand
i
smostmer ci ful.
 Pr ayer -ist hesi mpl estwayofknowi ngandf indi ngGod.Peaceofmi ndisfoundin
pray er.
 Rei ncar nat ion-t hesoul isimmor tal,itnev erdies.Whent hebodydi es, t
hesoul fi
nds
anot herbody .
 Kar ma-t hel awofact i
on.Aper songet sthef ruitsofhi sact i
ons; t
hatwhat evergoes
roundcomesr ound.
 Nonv i
olence-i nt heHi ndur eligion, respect( rev erence)f orlif
eisv eryi mport
ant.
Reli
gi ouscompar isonsonr epent ance
a)Chr istiani tyVsI sl am
Similarities:
 Bot hbel iev et hatt hewor dofGodi si mpor tant.
 Bot hbel iev eandt eacht hatt her eisoneGod.
 Bot hbel iev ei nr espectf orpr ay er.
Diff
er ences:
Christians-char i
tywor ki snotanobl i
gat ion( notamust )
Isl
am-char i
tywor ki samust( almsgi ving)
Christians-t herei snogoi ngtoaHol ypl acewhi chi smandat ory.
Isl
am-onemustgot oMeccaatl eastoncei nal i
fetime.
b)Chr istiani tyVsZambi anTr aditi
onal Rel i
gion
Similarities:
 Bot hcal l f
ort heof fendert opaybackwhatwasst ol
en.
 Bot haskf ort heonewhohasof fendedt oaskf orforgiveness.
Diff
er ences:
Christiani ty-whenpeopl edowr ong( sin), Godwi llnoti mmedi atel
ypuni sht hem.
Z.T.
R-of fer i
ngsar emadet othespi r
itsatspeci alplacesasr ansom f orsinsdone.
Christiani ty-peopl egot oGodf ort hef orgi v
enessoft hei rsi
ns.
Z.T.
R-of fer i
ngsar emadet othespi r
itst oappeaset hem.

c)Chr isti
anit
yVsHi nduism
Similarit
ies:
 Bot haretolerant(nonv i
olent
).
 Bot hregardGodasasupr emebeing.
 Bot hrespectpr ayer.
Diff
er ences:
Christianit
y-atdeat h,soulgoestol i
vewit
hGod.
Hindui sm-bel i
evesinr ei
ncarnati
on,whereoneisrebor
nint
oanothercr
eat
ure.
Christianit
y-repentancel eadstonewl i
fe.
Hindui sm-goodKar mal eadstogoodl i
fe,per
for
manceofgoodthingst
her
efor
e,i
mpor
tant
.

[
Typet
ext
]Page12
UNI
T3:
BAPTI
SM

ThewordBapti
sm comesf
rom t
heGreekword“Bapt
izo”whichmeanst
odip,
submergeor
pl
ungeinali
qui
d.
Bapt
ism i
sthei
mmer si
onoft
hepersoni
naliqui
d(water)
.IntheNewTest
ament,
bapti
sm
wasbyimmersion(Act
s8:
38-
39,John3:
32)
.

I
mpor
tanceofini
ti
ati
onofboy sandgir
ls
 Itmarksthestar
tofadultl
if
e.
 Itpr
eparesthem f
orthei
radultr
it
esinf
utur
e.
 Itpr
eparestheboysandgirl
stobecomeresponsi
blewi
vesandmot
her
saswel
las

[
Typet
ext
]Page13
 f
athersandhusbands.
 Ittrai
nsthem i nskil
ls,di
scipli
ne,moral
sandr i
ghtatti
tudestohelpthem f
ulf
ilt
hei
r
r
espectiveroles.
 Tomaket hem becomer esponsi bl
emember sofsoci ety.
Bapt
ism procedur e
TheproceduretoChr ist
ianbaptism answerstothefollowingquestion:
a)Whoshoul dbebapt i
sed?(Therear etwocondit
ionsf orbapti
sm-repent
anceandbeliev
ing
i
nJesusChr ist
)
b)Whenshoul dsomeonebebapt ised?(Immediat
elyoner epents-Acts19:
1-5)
c)Howshoul daper sonbebapt ised?( TheNewTest amentr ecommendsdi ppi
ngor
i
mmer si
oni nwater-Mt3: 16;thebapt i
sm ofJesusbyJohn)

Inf
antBapt ism
Isthebapt isingoft hechi l
dreni ntot hereli
giousf el
lowshipoft heirpar
ents.
Reasonsf ori nfantBapt ism
 Towashawayt heor i
ginal sinmani sbor nwith.
 Fort hechi ldt obecomet hememberoft hepar ent’
schur ch.
 Toi mpar tet er
nal l
ifetot hebaby .
 Asawayofsal vation.
 Sot hatt hechi l
dshoul dgr owt ofearGod.
Met hodsofBapt ism
Therear et hreemet hodsofBapt ism; namel yimmer sion,pour i
ngandspr i
nkli
ng.
a)Immer sion-I samet hodofbapt ism wher eaper sonbei ngbapt i
sediscompl et
ely
submer gedi nwat er.Itist heaccept edmet hodi nt heNewTest ament .
b)Pour ing-I samet hodofbapt i
sm wher ewat erf rom thev essel isdri
ppedont heheadof
theper sonbei ngbapt ised.
c)Spr i
nkl ing-I sthemet hodwher ewat erfrom t hev esselisspl ashedont hefaceoft he
personbei ngbapt ised.
Impor t
anceoft heBapt ism ofJesus( Mt3:12- 17)
Jesuscommandedt hatal lthesi nner swhor epentar ebapt ised( Mt28:18-20).Hewas
baptisedhi msel f,notbecausehewasasi nnerbutwant edt osetanexampl e.
 Setanexampl ef orhi sfol l
ower s.
 Toi dent if
yhi msel fwi tht hepeopl ehecamet osav e( I
saiah52:13,53:12).
 Toshowhi scommi tmentt ocar r
yonGod’ spur poset owi nsoulsforthekingdom (
Mt
4: 21-22)
 Tol ett hepeopl eofI srael knowt hathewast hetruesonofGodathi sBapt i
sm (Mt
3: 17)Thr eei mpor tantt hingshappened:
a)Theheav ensopenedasasi gnofappr oval.
b)Thev oiceconf i
rmedJesusast hesonofGod.
c)TheHol ySpi ri
tasasi gnofanoi nti
ngandcommi ssioningforthemi ssi
on.

NewTestamentBapt ism anditsimportancet oday

 Itisaphy sicalsymbol t
oshowt hataper sonhasstart
edf ol
l
owingJesusChrist
.
 Itisthepictureofdeathandr esurrecti
onofJesusChr ist
.Christ
iansi
denti
fy
t
hemsel veswithChr i
stinhisdeath,burialandresur
recti
on(Romans6:3-13).
 Itshowsaper son’scompleteobedi encet othecommandsofChr i
st
(
Mt28: 19).

[
Typet
ext
]Page14
  I tmakespeopl elivei ncompl et eobedi encet oChr ist’steachings.
Significanceofci rcumci sioni nt heOl dTest ament
 I tmar kedt headmi ssi ont oadul t hoodi nt het ri
be, anout wardsi gnofr elationship.
 I twasacov enantbet weenGodandAbr aham (Israel )
 I twasamar kofowner shi pandar emi nderoft hecov enantbet weenGodandI srael
.
 I twasaguar ant eeorcer ti
fi
cat eofi nher it
anceofGod’ spromi ses.
Reli
gi ousadmi ssionpr acticesandr ites
a)Chr ist i
ani ty
 Bapt i
sm ist hepi ctureoft hedeat handt her esurrect ionofJesus.
 I tisanexpr essi onoft hebegi nni ngofnewl ifeinChr ist.
 Thr oughbapt ism, aper sonsy mbol icallybecomesamemberoft hebodyofChr i
st
(chur ch)
b)Hi ndui sm
 AHi nduboybet weent heage8and12t hesacr edt hr eadofi nitiati
onasasi gnof
adul thoodst atus.
 I tisasy mbol ofnowbei ng“ t
wi cebor n”buti snott hesameasbei ngbor nagai nis
Chr istianit
y .
c)Islam
 TobecomeaMusl im, onemustexpr essbel iefint heKal i
ma( creed)
 AMusl im chi ldgr adual lyl earnsI sl
ami cbel i
efsandwhenhebecomesanadul t,he
takesf ullreligi ousr esponsi bil
ity.
d)Zambi anTr aditionalRel igion
 Puber tyandmar ri
ager itesf orboy sandgi rl
swher emeantt opr epar et hem f ortheir
respect i
ver ol esi nadul t hood.
 Boy swer eci rcumci sedandt rainedt obecomer esponsi blefat hersandhusbands.
 Gi rl
swer esecl udedf orashor tper i
oddur ingwhi cht imet heywer et rai
nedt obecome
goodmot her sandwi ves.
Variousr eligioust eachi ngsonadmi ssi onpr act i
ces
a)Hi ndui sm
 Hi nduboy sbet weent heagesof8t o12, r
eceivet hesacr edthr eadofi niti
at i
on.Asa
signofadul tst atusi nHi nducul t ure.Itist r
ipstandar dstri
ng, wor nt hroughouthi s
l
ife.I tmeanst hathei snew“ twi cebor n”thisisnott hesameast heChr i
stianof
bei ngbor nagai n.
b)Islam
 Musl i
m pr act i
ceci rcumci sion, buti thasnor eli
giousat tachmentt obecomeaMusl im.
 TobeMusl i
m onemustexpr essbel iefinaKal i
ma( creed);say ingl oudt herei sno
godbutAl lahandMuhammadi st hepr ophet .
c)Zambi anTr aditionalRel igion
 Puber tyandmar ri
ager itesf orboy swher emeantt opr eparet hem f ort heirrespect i
ve
rolesi nadul thood.
 Gi rl
swer esecl udedf orashor tper i
odoft imedur ingwhi chtheyl earnthowt obe
goodwi vesandmot her s.
 Boy swer eci rcumci sed, andt rai nedt obecomer esponsi bl
ehusbandsandf athers.
Reli
gi ouscompar i
sononbapt ism andadmi ssi onpr actices
a)Chr ist i
ani tyVsHi ndui sm
Similar i
ties:rrrrrŕ
rrrrr rrrŕŕ
r r
rrrrrŕûr
Inbot h,t headmi ssi onpr acticei sasi gnofent er i
ngi nanewwayofl ife.

[
Typet
ext
]Page15
Di
f f
erences:
Christ
iani
ty:bapt
ism pract
iceisasignofr
epentanceandfai
thi
nChri
st.
Hinduism:theadmissionpr act
icei
sanoutwardsignoft
heinwardr
eal
it
y.

b)Christi
anit
yVsIslam
Si
mi l
arit
ies:
Bothbel i
evethati
nwardexpr essi
onofbel
iefismoreimport
antthant
heoutward.
Dif
ferences:
Chri
stianit
y:TobeaChr i
sti
an, onemustexpressbel
iefi
nChri
standBibl
i
calpr
inci
ples
I
slam:TobecomeaMusl i
m, onemustexpressbeli
efintheKal
ima(cr
eed)

c)Chri
sti
anVsZ. T.Zonadmi ssionpr
act
ice
Simi
lar
iti
es:
 Inbothinit
iati
onssignif
yanewstarti
nli
fe.
 Bot hbel
ievethati
niti
ati
onisanoutwar
dsymbol
ofani
nwar
dreal
i
ty.

Di
ffer
ences:
Chr
isti
ani
ty-bapt
ism showsr epentanceandconversi
on
Z.
T.R-i
nit
iati
onshowst hatonehasent eredint
oadultl
if
e
Chr
isti
ani
ty-bapt
ism ident
if
iesonewi thChri
stinhi
sdeath,
burial
and
r
esur
recti
on.
Z.
T.R-doesnotexpressdyingwi t
hany one.
Chr
isti
ani
ty-bapt
ism showsassoci ati
onwiththebodyofChri
st(t
hechur
ch)
.
Z.
T.R-i
nit
iati
onshowsassoci ati
onwi t
helders.

UNI
T4:
TEMPTATI
ON

Bi
blet
ext:
 Jesus’temptati
onafterbaptism ( Lk4:
1-13)
 HowGodt estedAbraham (Gen22: 1-
13)
 Thesufferi
ngofJob( Job1:6- 22)
 TheTriumphantet r
y( Lk19:28- 40)
 PeterdenyingJesus(Lk22:54, 62)

[
Typet
ext
]Page16
  Thet empt ationofAdam andEv e(Gen3: 1-13)
Tempt at i
on, TestingandSi n
a)Tempt ation
Isthedesi ret osinordosomet hingwr ong.Tempt ati
oni ni tsel
fisnotsi n,butgivi
ngintooit
i
ssi n.Tempt ationtriest osepar ateusf rom Godj ustlikeAdam andEv e(Gen3;11-19).
Godnev ertempt susbecauseHei sHol y( James1: 13), Satani st heonewhot empt sus.He
tri
est omakeussi nt hroughournat ural desires( 1Cor inthians7: 5,1Thessalonians3:5,
James1; 14).
Thismeanst hatt empt ati
onscancomef r
om “ Satan’sv oice”or“ purel
yfrom ournatural
desires”.
b)Test ing
IsGodt ry
ingourf aithandobedi encetoHi m.Ther eisdi fferencebet weent emptati
onand
testi
ng.WhenGodi si nvolved,i
tistesting; Godt estedAbr aham andJob( Gen22:1-13,Job
1:1--
)
Trial
sandt est sareusef ulinbuildi
ngourf aithandchar act er(James1: 1-3).
ReasonswhyGodt est sChr i
sti
ans:
 Topr ovethequal i
tyorstrengthoft heirf
aith(James1: 2-3) .
 Topr ovethei rlov eandobedi ence( Gen22: 1).
 Tobui ldChr i
st iancharacter(James1: 2-
3)
c)Sin
Meansf ail
ingt oreachGod’ sstandard.I ti
sbr eakingort ransgr essionofthelaw.Itcausesa
breaki nther elati
onshi pbet weenGodandman.
Sinbegi nsinourt hought sandi maginat i
ons.Thephy sical actjustanexpr essi
onoft heinner
feeli
ngsandt hought s.
Itistherefore, possibl etocommi tadulteryi none’shear t,event houghnotact uall
ynot
commi tti
ngt hedeed( Mt5: 28).

Howt
emptati
onscome
 Throughoursenses(2Samuel 11:2,Mt5:27-28)
 Throughourweaknessesanddesi r
es(Mk14: 38)
 Throughri
deofposi t
ion(Acts12:21,Daniel4:30)
 Povert
y;l
eadstocompl aini
ngandst eal
ing( Proverbs30:
9)
 Prosper
it
yandpossessi on(Proverbs30:8-9,Lk8:14)
 Fri
ends(Mt16:22-23,Lk8:14)
 Cir
cumstances(Mt6: 1)

Exampleofpeopl ewhotempt edint

heBible
TheBiblegivesustheexperi
enceofpeoplewhoweret emptedintheBibl
eandwarnsusof
thedangeroftemptati
on.Theseincl
ude:
a)KingDavid-hewatchedanakedwomanbat hi
ng(2Samuel 11:
1-5)
b)ApostlePeter
-hetrust
edinhisownst r
engthtoovercomet emptat
ion;
buthel
aterdeni
ed
theLordthreeti
mesinspiteofJesus’warni
ng(Lk22:54-62)

Jesus’
temptati
onaft
erBapti
sm
TheHolySpi
ritl
edhi
mi nt
othewil
dernessforf
ortydaysoffast
ing.Satant
empt edhimin
thr
eeways:
 Turnthesest
onesint
obread.SatanwantedJesustousehi spowerforhisown

[
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ext
]Page17
 bodil
yneeds.
 Worshipme.Thedevil
want edJesustowinpoli
ti
cal
powerandaut
hori
tyby
worshipi
nghim.
 Jumpf ormthepi
nnacl
eoft heTemple.Sat
antemptedJesust
owinthepeopl
e
thr
oughhisdemonstr
ationmiracl
es.
Jesusr
esi
stedallt
heset
emptat i
onsbyusingthewordofGod.

Othertemptati
onsofJesus
Jesusfacedtempt ati
onatotherdif
ferentoccasionsapartfr
om thosei
nthedesert
.These
i
nclude:
 Todomi raclestoprovi
deallthepeople’sneeds(John6:15)
 Topr ovehisMessi ahship.Theyaskedhi mt opr
ov ehet
heChr i
st(Lk11:
29-30)
.
 Tosav ehi mselffr
om thecross( Lk23:
35- 36)

Thewil
lofGodeachTempt ati
onofJesus
GodmetJesus’temptat
ionswit
hclearvisi
on:
 Hismissionwasnottoforcepeopletoobey
,buttochanget
hei
rhear
ts.
 HisKingdom mustbebasedonl oveandnotfor
ce.
 Sincouldonl
ybedealtwit
hhissuf f
eri
nganddeath.

Chri
stian’scommont emptat
ionstoday
-
Corruption -
Nepoti
sm
-
Steali
ng -
Abuseofof f
ice
-
Adultery -Idol
atr
yanddi v
inat
ion
-
Ancest r
al wor
shi
p

HowChr istianscanov ercomet emptati

onst oday
 Byf ollowingJesus’ exampl e.Thef actthatJesuswast emptedandover
camegi ves
ushope( Heb2: 18)
 Thr oughpr ayer(Heb4: 15-16).
 Usi ngt hewor dofGod( whatiswr i
ttenint heBibl
e).
 Resi st i
ngt empt ation(James4: 7)
 Submi ssiont oGod( James4: 7,John13: 37-38)
 Leav et hepl aceoft empt ati
on,Josephdi dt hist
oPotiphar
’swif
e(Gen39:7-12)
Whatweshoul ddoi fwey i
eldtot emptation
Wemustqui cklyrepentofoursi ns,confessingittoGodsoast orecei
veHi
sforgiv
eness
(
Colossians1: 12-13)

Teachingont emptati
oninot herr
eligi
ons
a)Hinduism
 Lusti sastrongdesireforapersonoft heopposit
esex.
 Gr eedisav eryseri
ousormai ntempt at
ion.Adesi
retohaveeverythi
ngtoonesel
f.
 Lustcanber esist
edbyt hi
nkingthatallwomenareone’ssi
ster
s.
 Aper soniscondemnedi ftheythi
nkoft heimpuri
tywhi
chcomesf rom t
hehuman
body.
 Gr eedinessisresi
stedbyremember ingthatmoneyandpossessionscanonlybri
ng
happinesswhent heyareearnedinanhonestway .

[
Typet
ext
]Page18
b)I
slam
 Beli
efinothergodsi
sidol
atr
y.Itshoul
dnotevenbeenter
tai
nedinone’
smind.
 Lust;adul
ter
yorimmoralr
elat
ionareresi
stedbyt
hinki
ngofthedayofj
udgement
.

Reli
giouscompar isonsonTempt ation
a)Chr isti
anityVsHi nduism
Similarit
ies:
 I nbot h,
lustandgr eedar etempt ations.
 I nbot h,
get ti
ngr ichdubiouslyissi n.
 I nbot h,
t hereisar emindert hatphy sicalatt
ractionisonlytemporal
.
Diff
er ences:
Christians-therear emanyar easoft empt ationinone’sl i
fe.
Hindui sm-lustandgr eedar ethetwomai ntempt ati
ons.
Christians-tempt ati
oni sresistedbyt urningt oGodf orpowerandhel p.
Hindui sm-thet empt ationoflustisr esi
stedbyt hi
nkingt hatall
womenar eone’
ssi
ster
s.
b)Chr isti
anityVsI slam
Similarit
ies:
 I nbot h,
itissi ntoassoci ateGod’ squal i
ti
eswi thanyper son.
 I nbot h,
itissi ntobelieveinot hergodsot herthanoneandonl yGod.
 I nbot h,
isnott heactbutt hought sadul t
erythatar esinf
ul.
Diff
er ences:
Christianit
y-ObeyGodoutofl ove.
Isl
am-ObeyGodoutoff earofjudgementday .

[
Typet
ext
]Page19
UNI
T5:
JESUS’
POWEROVERDI
SEASEANDNATURE

Bibletexts:
 Thepar al
y sedman( Lk5:17-26)
 Themanwi thwither
edhand( Lk6:6-11)
 Jesusheal ingthetenlepers(Lk17: 11-
19)
 Themanwi thdropsy(Lk14: 1-6)
 Thebl indmanatJer icho(Lk18: 35-43)
Whati sami racle?
Isahappeni ngwhi chcannotbef ul
lyexplainedbynat
ural
event
sorhumanr
easoni
ng.I
tis
supernatural
.
IntheBible,ami racleissomet hi
ngwi thwhi chmanseesGodatwork.

WhyJesusperf
ormedtheMi r
acles
 ToshowHi sMessiahShip.
 Toshowt hatt
heKingdom ofGodhadcome.
 Tofulf
ilt
heOldTestamentprophecy
.
 Toinvi
tepeopl
etoputf ai
thi
nGod.
 Outofsympathyandcompassion.

Lessonsfrom theSabbat hMi racl

eperformancebyJesus
Mostofthet imet hroughoutJesus’ mini
str
y,Jesuswasinconfl
ictwit
ht het
eacher
soflaw
andJewishl eadersov ertheissueofperformingmir
aclesontheSabbath.Ther
earefour
l
essonsher e:
 Jesushadaut horit
yov ertheSabbath.
 TheSabbat hwasmadef orthegoodofmanandnott heopposite.
 Itisbet tertosav eli
feonSabbat hthankeepri
tual
sandrules.
 Jesushadcompassi onandputt heneedsofthepeoplefir
st.

Jewishatti
tudetolepers:
AtthetimeofJesus,Jewsbel i
ev edt hatsicknesswascausedei t
herbysinofthesick
personorthesinoftheirrelat
ives.Si cknesswassentaspuni shmentforthesincommi t
ted.
ItwasseenasGod’ sdispleasure, andt hatpersonwasconsideredasinner.Thi
smadet he
Jewst omaker ul
esonl eprosyandl epers.
a)Leprosywasconsider edav eryuncl eandi sease.
b)Itdi
dnotonlyrequir
eheal i
ngbutal socleansing.
c)Leperswerepronounceduncl eanandunkemptpeopl ewhower etoli
kemour ner
sgoingto
thei
rdeath.

Jewi
shrul
esonlepersandl eprosy
 Leper
swer etoavoidcontactwit
hot herpeopl
e.
 Theywereorderedtoringthebell
andshout“ unclean!unclean!Unclean!
”atev
ery
si
ghtofanonl eperabout100m away .
 Onlyapri
estcouldpronouncealepercleanbyacer t
if
icateofcleansing.
 Thecert
if
icat
ewasgi venaf t
eranelaborateri
tual
ofcl eansing.

[
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ext
]Page20
Peopl
e’sat
ti
tudetowardspeoplewit
hHIV/AIDStoday
 Thereisal
otofstigmaanddiscr
iminati
oninmostcases.
 Lackofconfi
denceinthem f
orwhattheycancont
ri
butetosoci
ety
.

Jesus’
Att
it
udet owardstheLepers
 Jesushadcompassi onandlovetowar
dst
heneedy
.
 Hehadpi tyandsympat hy
.
 Heaccept edthosewhower er
eject
edi
nsoci
ety
.
 Hemi xedf r
eelywi
ththem.

Reasonswhysomepeopl edonotbel i
eveinmi racles:
ManyChr istiansbelievethatmi racl
esoccurint hewi l
lofGodbecauset heydef i
neresul
ts
thr
ought heirpray er
sort hoseofot herpeople.Theybel i
evethatt hingshappenbecausethey
bel
ieveint hemi raclewor kingGod,andalsot hemi racl
ebir
th, deathandr esurr
ecti
onof
Jesus.
Howev er
, t
hosewhodonnotbel i
eveinmiraclear guethatmiraclecanbeper f
ormedby
satani
cpower stoo.Forexampl e;magic,di
vinationandwi t
chdoct or’
spowerf rom Sat
ancan
bri
ngmi r
acl es.
Theyadvancer easonssuchas:
 Theyhav eunbel i
efi nthemiracl
ewor kingGod.
 Unbel iefi
nt hemi racleit
self
.
 Lackofpr ooforev i
dence.

TeachingsonMi racl
esi notherRel igions
a)Zambi anTr adit
ionalReli
gion
 Godper f
orm unusual t
hingst hroughhi schosenpeopl e.
 Onl yspecialpeoplecanper f
or m miracles.
 Mi racl
esar eperfor
medt hrought hehel pofancest ralspir
it
s.
 Mi racl
esincreasetheinf l
uenceandr eputati
onofaper sonperformingthem.
b)Isl
am
 Musl imsbel i
evethatatacommand, Prophetsperform unusual andext
raordinary
deeds.
 Al lah(God)somet i
mesper formsunusual t
hingsthroughhol ymen.
 Mi racl
esincreasether eputat i
onandi nfl
uenceofhol ymen.
 Onl yAll
ahper formstheact ual mi r
acle.
c)Hinduism
 Hi ndusbel ievethatmiraclesper f
ormedbyaper sonar enotproofoftheirdi
vi
nity
.
 Mi racl
esincreasepeopl e’sfaithinGod.
 Mi racl
escanbeper f
ormedt hr oughsat anicpower s.
 Ev enordinarypeoplecanper form mi racl
es.

Rel
igiousCompar i
sonsonMiracl
esandAt
ti
tudet
owar
dst
heSi
ck
a)Christ
ianit
yVsZ.T.R
Si
mi l
arit
ies:
 Bot ht
akecareoft
hesick.
 Bot ht
ryt
ofindcur
eforthesi
ck.

[
Typet
ext
]Page21
  Bothar esympat heti
cofthesi
ck.
Di
ffer
ences:
Chr
isti
ani
ty-praysforthesick.
Z.
T.R-Consulttr
adi
tionalhearer
s.
Chr
isti
ani
ty-Takescar eofthesickwi
thlov
e.
Z.
T.R-Takescareoft hesickasanobli
gati
on.

b)Chr isti
anit
yVsI slam
Similarit
ies:
 Bot hbel
ieveinthemi racleworkingGod.
 Bot hbel
ieveintheexistenceofmi racles.
Diff
er ences:
Christianit
y-Godcanuseanyoft hefaithful peopl
et operform mir
acles.
Isl
am-Onl yProphetssentbyAl lahcanper form miracl
es.
Christianit
y-Miracl
esincreasepeopl e’
sf aithinGodnoti naper son.
Isl
am-Mi racl
esincreasethei nf
luenceandr eputati
onoft hosewhoper f
ormthem.
c)Chr isti
anit
yVsHi nduism
Similarit
ies:
 Bot hbel
ievethatGodper f
ormsmi racles.
 Bot hbel
iethatmiraclesperformedbyaper sonisnotpr oofoftheirdi
vi
nit
y.
 Bot hbel
ievethatmiracleshelpdeepenpeopl e’
sfaithinGod.
Diff
er ences:
Christianit
y-Miracl
escanal sobeper f
ormedt hroughsatanicpower s.
Hindui sm-OnlyGodcanper form miracles.

[
Typet
ext
]Page22
UNI
T6:
JESUS’
POWEROVEREVI
LSPI
RITS

Bi
blet
ext:
 GeraseneDemoni
ac(Lk8:26-39)
 Thedemonpossessedboy( Lk9:
37-
43)
 Themani ntheSy
nagogue(Lk4:31-
38)

Spi
ri
tpossessi oni nZambi anTr adi t
ion
a)Ki
ndsofspi ritsinZambi anTr adi ti
on
 Ancest ralspi r
its:Spiritsoft heancest orswhi chdonotpossespeopl e.Theyactas
over seer sandpr otectt hel i
vingr elati
ves.Theyar ealsor ef
erredt oast hespi ri
tsof
thel i
v i
ngdead.
 Di ssat isfiedspi ri
ts:Thesear espi ri
tsofpeopl ewhooncel ivedinsoci et ybutwer e
disgr untled( unhappy )
.Theyar ehar mfulandal socalledtroublesomespi ri
ts.They
arebel iev edt ober esponsi blefordi seasesandcondi ti
onslike;epilepsy ,dumbness,
chil
dl essnessandev endeat h.
 Goodspi rit
s:t hesear eguar dianpossessi onspi r
itswhi chadv i
sepeopl e.Theyar e
consul tedt oheal andpr otect.
 Badspi rits:thesear espi ri
tsofnat urewhichar eev i
l
.Theycont rolcertainpar tsof
natur elikemount ains,rivers,forest setc.Thesespi r
it
sar enotgoodandsomustbe
drivenaway .
b)Methodsofkeepi ngspi rit
saway
 Char ms:Thesear enat uralconcoct ionswhi charewor nont hebody .Theyar e
somet i
mesputi ndoor way s.
 Lot i
ons:Speci al l
otionsar epr epar edt okeepspi r
itsaway .Spiri
tsdonotl i
keheav y
smel l
soft hesel otions.
 Tat t
oos:bodypr intsandcut srubbedwi thmedi ci
nes.
 Taboos:Fol lowi ngst ri
ctr uleslikenoteat i
ngpar t
icul
arf oodslike;pork, fi
sh, rabbi
t
meatet c.

Atti
tudetoandt reatmentofspiri
tsinZambi anTr adit
ionalRel
igi
on
Iti
sbeli
evedt hattherevari
ouskindsofspi r
it
s.Theat t
itudetot
hesespi ri
tsvari
esfrom one
areatoanother.Howev er,t
hegeneralunderstandingisthat:
 Thegoodspi r
itsactsasoverseersandpr otect
orsoftheli
ving.Assuch, t
heyarenot
keptaway .
 Badspi r
it
sar eresponsi
bleforcertai
ndiseasesandcondi t
ionslikeepil
epsy.
 Ancest ralspir
itsarespi
ri
tsoft hedeparted.Theydonotpossespeopl eprot
ectand
overseethem.

[
Typet
ext
]Page23
Tr
eatmentofspir
itpossessi
oni
nZambi anTradi
ti
onalRel
igion
Whenapersonisfoundtobepossessedbyspir
it
s,t
heydri
v enaway(
exor
cised)by
:
 UseofChar ms
 Drumming
 Danci
ng
 Speci
alceremonies

SymptomsofDemonpossessedpeopl e
Peopl
ewhoar epossessedbydemonsmaydi splaysy
mpt
omsl
i
ke:
 Dumbness( Lk11;14)
 Fit
ti
ngssimilart
ot hatofepi
l
epsy(Mk9:17)
 Madness
 Bli
ndness

Thet woKingdomsi ntheSpiri

tualr
ealm
Thesear etheKingdom ofGodandt heKingdom ofSatan.
a)TheKi ngdom ofGod
I
st hesphereofGod’ srul
eandaut hori
ty.GodisthecreatorofthewholeUniver
se.God
represent
s;li
ght,tr
uthandgoodness.
b)TheKi ngdom ofSat an
I
st hegroupanAngel i
cbeingcall
edSatanandot herangelswhor ebel
ledagai
nstGodand
becomehost il
e.Thesehav einfl
uencesinmanypl acesandar ehosti
letoGodandhis
foll
owers.ThisKingdom represent
s;darkness,
li
esandev i
l.

Kindsofspi ri
tsinChr i
stianTeachi ng
Therear ef ourki ndsofspi rit
s;namel ytheHolyspi rits,humanspi ri
t,angelsandev ilspir
it
s.
a)TheHol ySpi ri
tofGod:I sthet hir
dpersonoft heTr i
nity(Acts1: 4-
5; 2:1-
4).Hei snota
forceorpowerofGodbuti soneoft hepersonsi nt heTr inity
.Hehasper sonal at t
ributes
suchasbei ngabl et ogr i
ev eoranger ed;abletospeakandl ivesinev erybelieverwhor epent
s
andseeksf orgiveness.
b)TheHumanSpi rit
:Ahumanbei nghasaphy sical bodymadeoff l
esh, bl
oodandbones.
Heal sohasasoul andaspi ri
t,whichmakesbeawar eofGod.Thi sallowshi stoknowand
communi cat ewi thGod.
c)Angel s:Thesear edescr i
bedas“ goodspiri
ts”ormi nisteri
ngspi ri
tst oChristians.
TheyGod’ smessenger sthoughwedonotseet hem.Godsendst hem t ohelppr otect
Chr i
sti
answhent heyar ei ntrouble.
d)Ev i
lSpir i
t s:Thesear edemonsoruncl eanspi ritswhi chbel ongt ot heKingdom ofSat an.
Thisisahi ghlyor ganisedempi reoft heev i
lspiri
t s( Ephesians6: 12)
TreatmentofDemonsi nChr i
stianity
SinceChr ist i
ansbel i
ev ethatdemonsar ebadandr esponsi bleformuchev il
, t
heycastt he
out.Christiansbel i
ev ef r
eedom f rom demonscomeby :
 Repent anceandconf essionofsinandf aithi nJesusChr ist.
 Exor cism; cast i
ngoutdemons.Thi stakespl acewhent heper sonpossessedwant s
tobeaChr istian.

[
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ext
]Page24
RepresentationofEv ilSpiritsorDemonsi ntheGospel s
 Bel ongi ngt otheki ngdom ofSat an( Lk11: 14-26)
 Theyr ecogni seJesusast hesonofGod( Lk4: 34,8:28)
 Dwel li
ngi npeopl e,evenpr eferringtol i
vei npi gs(Lk4; 31)
 Responsi bleforcer taindiseasesl i
keepi lepsy ,madness, dumbnesset c.
Demoni cPract iceinf orbiddeni nChr i
st i
anity
a)Divi
nat i
on:isanat temptt opredictf utureev ent s.Itisalsousedt odiscov erusersofwit
ch
craf
t.
b)WitchCr aft:anactl eadingt odev ilwor ship.Itcausesspi ri
tualdarkness,demon
possessionanddeat h.
c)Magic:theuseofmul letsandchar mst opr otectt heonewhowear sthem.
d)Spell
sandOmens:i ncant ati
onsorwor dsusedasal t
ernativet
ochar ms.Theyar eusedin
connecti
ont ocur e.
e)Sorcery:thiscov erst hear tofast rology ,
palmi st r
yandt heuseoff ami l
iarspir
it
s.

Reli
giousCompar isononDemoni cPossessi on
Christianit
yVsZambi anTradit
ionalRel igi
on
Similarit
ies:
 Bot hbeli
evet hatspir
it
spossesspeopl e.
 I nbot h,
ev i
l spir
it
shavedifferentpersonal i
tyf
rom t
heonepossessed.
 I nbot h,
ev i
l spir
it
scanbeexor cised(castout)
Diff
er ences:
Christianit
y-Theydonotbel i
eveint heusef ulnessofancestr
alspi
rit
sbecausetheybel
ong
tothedev i
l.
Z.T.R-Someancest ralspi
ri
tsarehelpf ulandsoshoul dbeprotect
ed.
Christianit
y-Evilspiri
tscanbeexor cisedbywor dofcommandi nthenameofJesus.
Z.T.R-Spi r
itsareexor ci
sedthroughdr ummi ng, danci
ngandspecialcer
emonies.

[
Typet
ext
]Page25
UNI
T7:
THEKI
NGDOM OFGOD

Bi
bleText:
 Thepar abl
eofthepounds( Lk19:11-17)
 Rightprior
it
ies(
Lk12:22-34)
 Thepar abl
eoftheMusteredseedandy east(
Lk13:
18-
19;
20-
21)
 Parableoftheweddingfeast(Lk14:7-14)
 Thewi dow’soff
eri
ng(Lk21: 1-4)
 Jesusmeet sZaccheaus(19: 1-9)

FormsofCont empor aryGov ernment s

Therearetwot ypesofgov ernment s;namel ydemocr ati
canddi ct
atori
al.
a)God’sKingdom:( Lk17: 20- 25;Mk1: 14-19)
Thewor dKingdom meanst hecount ryundert heruleoftheaKi ng.IntheBi ble,theKingdom
ofGodisnotaphy sicalplace, butaspi ri
tualKingdom.Godi sKingandr eignssupr eme.
Jesususedt hef oll
owi ngpoi ntstoexpl ai
nt othePhar i
seeswhent heKi ngdom ofGodwoul d
come:
 TheKi ngdom ofGodwi llnotbeseenwheni tcomes.Peopl ewillnotsay“ i
tishere”
or“i
tist here”.
 TheKi ngdom ofGodi swi t
hinyou.I notherwords,“i
tisspiri
tual”
-wi thinbeliev
ers.
TheJewshadt ot al
lydi f
ferentideasaboutt heKingdom ofGod.Theybel ievedt hatwhent he
Messiahwoul dcome, hewoul dgainal otofpol i
ti
calvi
ctor
yov erhisenemi es.

Whobr oughttheKingdom intotheWor l

d
AtthetimeJohnt heBaptistwasputinprison,Jesuswentint
oGalil
eepreachi
ngthegood
newsofGod.Hesai d,“
RepenttheKingdom ofGodi snear,
repentandbeli
evethegood
news”.
a)PresentKingdom
JesustaughtthatGod’sKingdom hadalreadycome.Itstar
tedwiththecomingofJesus
Chri
st,t
heMessi ah,notinapoli
tical
sensebutspi r
it
uali
ntheheartsofall
whoaccepthis
rul
ethroughoutthewor l
d.Thiswasdemonst ratedby:

[
Typet
ext
]Page26
  Theaut horit
ywi t
hwhi chJesusspoke( Mt7:28-29,Lk3: 22)
 Thef actt hatitcamewi t
hpower ,
li
keinmi r
acles(Mk9: 1)
 Blessingsr eceivedbyt hosewhoaccept edJesus’ f
orgiveness,
sal
vat
ion,
heali
ng
eternal l
if
eet c.
b)TheFutureKi ngdom
WhenJesusr eturnst hesecondt ime,hewill
gathertohimsel fallt
hosewhohaveresponded
tohi
scallandaccept edhisruletointhei
rli
ves.Hewi l
lthen:
 Establisht heEarthl
yKi ngdom.
 Rulewi tht hehelpofhi sfol
lowers(Mt24:30;25:14-21)

Si
gnsoft heKi ngdom ofGod
Vi
sibl
esignst hatwereshowingthattheKingdom ofGodhadalreadycomei ncl
uded:
 Spi ri
tualchange:Aspeoplerespondedtohismessages,ther
ewascompl etechange
i
nt heirli
fest
yles.
 Heal ing:Manypeoplerecei
vedbot hphysi
calandspi
ri
tualheal
ing(Lk8:26-39)
 Del iverancef
rom evi
lspir
it
s:Jesusdroveawayademont hatcausedthemant obe
mut e(dumb)(Lk11:14-
23)

WhyJesuscame( Lk14: 16-21)

 Topr eachgoodnewst othepoor.
 Topr oclai
mf reedom t othepr
isoner
s.
 Tor el
easet heoppr essed.
 Topr oclai
mt hey earoftheLord.

HowdoesoneEnt ert
heKingdom ofGod
a)Repent ance:Jesustaughtthatthefi
rststeptotheKingdom ofGodisrepent
ance.
b)FaithinJesus:Jesussai d,
“Repentandbel iev
ethegoodnewsoft heKingdom”( Mk1:
14,
John3:14- 16)
c)Bebor nagai n:Jesustol
dNi codemusoft hatnewbir
th-spir
it
ual
rebai
rt
hwasv i
talt
oent
er
theKingdom ofGodJohn3: 3-
8)
d)Obediencet oJesus:Jesussai d,“
Whoev ercomestomeandhear smywor d,anddoes
them i
slikeamanwhobui l
dshi shouseont herock”(
Lk6: 46-
48)

TheEf fectsoft heKi ngdom ofGod

a)TheHi ddent reasureandpear l(Mt13:44- 46)
Thel essonher ei sthatbei ngpar toftheGod’ sKingdom isthemosti
mportantt
hingi
nthe
enti
rewor l
d.Wemustbepr epar edt ogiveupev erythi
ngfortheKi
ngdom.
b)Ri ghtpr iori
ti
es( Lk12: 22- 34)
TheKi ngdom mustbeourpr iority.Godwi l
l prov
ideourdail
yneedsaswetrusthi
m.
Christiansmustseemat erialthingsf r
om t heperspect
iveofGod.
c)ThePar ableoft hePounds( Lk19: 11-
27)
-Ther esponsi bil
ityoft hegr owt hoft heKingdom l i
eswithus.
-Wemustal l
owt het eachingoft heKi ngdom notonl yt
ogr owinusbutal
sopassitonto
others.
-Wear eal l
inangerofl osingwhatwehav eifiti
snotputtogooduse.
d)TheWi dow’ sof f
er i
ng( Lk21: 1-4)
Thisi sanexampl eonewhogav eal l
shehadt oGod.

[
Typet
ext
]Page27
-Thehear toft ruedev otionandnott heamounti swhatGodwant s.
Forwhoi st heKi ngdom ofGod
Thef ourGospel steacht hatt heKi ngdom ofGodi sf orthepoor ,
hungr y
,humbleand
persecutedpeopl e.Forexampl e;GodchoseMar y,apoorandhumbl ewomant obethe
mot hertohi sson( Lk1: 51- 55).Thef actthatGodchoseapoorandhumbl eyoungwomant o
bethemot herofhi ssonshowshowhi ghlyher egar dspeoplewhoar edevot
edt ohim.
a)Thepoor ,hungry ,per secut edandhumbl e(Lk6: 20-26,14:
7-11)
Theemphasi sabov et extisonwhatChr isti
anst hi
nkoft hemselves:
-Thosewhoar epr oudoft heirspiri
tualgrowt handdonotacknowl edgeGodwi llbehumbled.
-Thoset hati nhumi lit
yr ecogni set heirspir
it
ual hungerandpov ert
ymor etoGodwi llbe
exalted.
b)Thepar abl eoft heWeddi ngFeast( Lk14:7-11)
Inthispar able,Jesuspoi ntsoutt hat:
-Ahumbl eper sondoesnotpushhi mselfupt oobt ainthebestseat .Hewaspr obabl
y
thi
nki ngoft heJewi shl eader swhohadt hebestposi ti
onsinsocietyandthoughtthatthey
willhavet hesameposi ti
onsi ntheKi ngdom ofGodt oo.

WhereistheKingdom ofGodnow?
I
ntheparableoftheMusteredseedandYeast ,
thegospel
steachthatt
heKi
ngdom ofGodi
s
pr
esentintheworldandisgrowing.
I
tisauniversal
Kingdom t
oincludeall
-theJewsandtheGentil
es.

TheKi
ngdom ofGodandChr ist
ianstoday
 ThewayChr isti
ansli
vetodayaughttoshowt hatGod’
sKingdom comesf ir
sti
nt hei
r
l
ives.Ever
ythingelseisofsecondaryi
mpor t
ance(Mt6:31-34;Lk13:
20-21)
 AChr i
sti
anmustbepr eparedtosacrif
iceever
ythi
ngel
sef orthesakeoftheKingdom
ofGod.
 Ift
heKingdom ofGodcomesf ir
stinourli
ves,Godwil
lmeetal lourt
emporalneeds
andourblessingsadded.

Dif
ferencebet weenGod’ sKi ngdom andt heModer nSt ate
a)I
namoder nstate,wehav e:
 Al eadershipsupportedbyaCabi netandMi nist
ers.
 MPswhoel ectedbyt hepeopl east heirr
epresent ati
vesatconst i
tuencyl evel
b)InGod’ sKi ngdom, wehav ei ncont r
ast:
 Nophy si
caloractual place,butiswher eGodr ulesov erthehear t
s,mi ndsandwi l
ls
ofthepeopl e.
 I tisbr oughttousbyJesusChr i
st,t
hroughr epent ance,fai
thinhim andobedi ence.I
t
mustt akeplaceinourl i
ves.
Reli
giousTeachi ngsonCent ral i
deasonGod’ sKingdom
a)Christianity
 TheKi ngdom ofGodi sf orthepoor ,humble,hungr yandper secuted.
 I tmustbeourf ir
stprior i
ty,materi
alwealthissecondar y
.
 Chr i
sti
ansar eresponsi bletopassont hemessaget ootherstoincreaset he
Kingdom ofGod.
 Theymustshowdev otiont oGodandbegoodexampl est oot
her sintheirChri
sti
an
behav iour
.

[
Typet
ext
]Page28
b)I
slam
 Bel iev einGod( All
ah)-sur renderingcompl etel
ytot hewillofAl
lah.
 Bel iev eint hedayofj udgementandl i
feafterdeath.
 Bel iev et hatbothgoodandbadar eor dai
nedbyAl lah.
 Thef ivepi l
lar
sofI slam hav etobef ol l
owed.
c)Hinduism
 God.I st hecreatorandcont roll
eroft heuniverse.
 Pr ay er.I sthesimpl estwayofknowi ngGod.
 Rei ncar nation.Thesoul neverdies;itcontinuestol i
vethroughot herbodiesby
rebirth.
 Lawofact i
on.KnownasKar ma, one’sactionsint heprevi
ouslife.
 Nonv iolence.Rev er enceforl i
feisv eryimpor t
ant.Thereverencef orthecow
i
llustratesoft heHindubel i
efthatasoul doesnotonl yliv
ei nahumanf or
m,buti
nal
l
othercr eatures.
d)Zambi anTr aditi
onalRel igion
 Keepi nt ouchwi thancest ralspir
its.
 Of f
ersacr if
icestoappeaset hespiri
t s
 Spi ritswi l
lhelpnt i
mesoft rouble;fami ne,drought,si
cknessetc.
 I fspiritsar enotrespect ed, t
heymai ncausedi sastersortroubl
e.
 Anobj ecti schoosest owhi chsacr i
ficesandpr ayersaregivenorof fered.

Reli
giousCompar i
sonsonCent ralideas
a)Chr istianityVsI slam
Similar i
ties:
 Bot hbelievei nsur render i
ngcompl etelyt
owi l
l ofGod.
 Bot hbelievei nt hedayofj udgementandl ifeaf terdeath.
b)Di f
f erence:
Christians-Hav enor est r
ictionwher et of acewhenpr aying.
Isl
am-Mustal way sf aceMeccawhenpr aying.
b)Chr istianityVsHi ndui sm
Similar i
ties:
 Bot hbelievet hatGodcont rolstheuni ver
se.
 Bot hbelievet hatGodi sev ery wher e(Omni present ).
 I nbot h,prayeri st hesi mpl estwayofknowi ngandf i
ndi
ngGod.
 I nbot h,therei sbel i
efi nnonv i
olence.
Diff
er ences:
Christiani t
y-Believei nt her esurrect ionoft hebodywhenJesuscomes.
Hindus-bel ieveinr eincar nationorr ebirt
h.
Christiani t
y-Anypr ay erisimpor t
antt oGod.
Hindus-Cer tai
npr ayer sar emor ei mpor tantt hanot hers.
c)Chr istianityVsZ. T.R
Similar i
ties:
 Theybot hkeepi nt ouchwi tht heirsupernat uralbeings.
 Theybot hpassont hemessaget ogr owt her eligion.
 Theybot hof ferpr ayer.
Diff
er ences:
Christiani t
y-Donotof f
ersacr i
fi
cesbecauseJesushasbeengi v
enasali
vi
ngsacr
if
ice.

[
Typet
ext
]Page29
Z.
T.R-Theyoffersacr
if
icestoappeasethespir
it
s.
Chr
isti
ani
ty-Showt r
uedev ot
iont
oGodandbegoodexampl etoother
s.
Z.
T.R-Anobjectischosentowhichdevoti
on,sacri
fi
ceandpr
ayersareof
fer
ed.

GRADEELEVENWORK

UNI
T8:JUDGEMENT

Bi
bleText
:
 Theparabl
eoft hefinal j
udgement( Mt25: 31-
46)
 Theparabl
eoft hetengi r l
s(Mt25: 1-13)
 JohntheBapt i
st’
swar ningaboutt hecomi ngjudgement(
Lk3:
1-17)
 TheyeastofthePhar isees( Lk12: 1- 12)
 Theunpreparedpeopl e( Lk17: 20-37)
 Theri
chmanandLazar us( Lk16: 19- 31)
 Theunbeli
evingtowns( Lk16: 19-31
 Chri
st’
sretur
ni suncer t
ai n(Peter3: 3-14)
 Thecomingoft heKi ngdom ( Lk17: 20-37)

JUDGEMENT
I
sanassessmentonaper son’swor
ksoracti
onsf orarewar
dorpuni
shment
.Anex
ampl
eis
whati
sdoneinthecourtoflaw.
Howpeoplewil
lbejudgedbyJesus
TheBi
blegi
vesthebasisofjudgementbyJesus.Theseare;

[
Typet
ext
]Page30
a)People’sresponset oJesus
 Iti sdif
fi
cultsomet imest otell
thedifferencebetweenbeli
eversandnonbel
iever
s.
 Att hefi
naljudgement ,separati
onwi l
l bedone.
 Thesonofmanknowst hosewhobel ongt ohi m.
b)People’sbehaviourtowar dsot hers
Thefoll
owi ngtwopar ablesshowhowpeopl ewi l
lbejudgedaccordi
ngtobehavi
ourtowards
other
s:
 Thepar abl
eoft hef i
naljudgement( Mt25: 31-46)
 Johnt heBapt i
st’
swar ningaboutt hecomi ngjudgement(Lk3:1-
17)
- Jesuswi l
lseparat ebel
iev er
sfrom nonbel iev
ers.
- Chr i
sti
ansshoul dmaket hemselvesreadyf ortheMaster
.Theyshouldnotl
i
v eto
pleasethemsel ves.

Chri
stwill
comesuddenl y
Nooneknowst hetimeChr i
stwillcome, henceev eryonemustber eadyandwat ch(Mk
13:
32-37).
a)Theparableofwai ti
ngser vants(Lk12: 3540)
 Jesus’ fol
lowersar eli
keser vantswai ti
ngf ortheirmast erreadyatal l
timesbecause
hi
sr et
urnmaybesudden.Thosewhoar ereadywi ll
besav ed.
 Jesuswi l
lnotannouncehi scomi ngint hesamet het hiefdoesnotannouncewhen
hewi l
lcomet oy ourhouse.
 Goodser vantsdot hei
rwor kf ai
thfull
yandhav eev erythingreadyforthemaster.They
donotl i
vetopleaset hemsel ves.
b)Si
gnsoft hecomi ngjudgement( Lk21:7-11)
Thefoll
owingendt imesi gnswi l
lcomebef orejudgement :
 Falsepr ophets,wars,earthquakes, diseases(HI V/AIDS) ,persecut
ionsetc.

Judgementf orunbelief
Thestoryofther i
chmanandLazar us(Lk16: 19-
31)
Thelessonslearntinclude:
 Ther esultsofnotr espondingtot hegospel.Theri
cnmandi dnotusehiswealt
hfor
God.
 Godwi llj
udget hosewhor ejectthemessagebyhi sser
vants.
 Ther earemanypl acesincl
udingZambi awherethemessagehasr eachedbutt
here
issti
l
l cr
uelty,dishonesty,i
mmor ali
tyandnof ai
thi
nGod.Tor ej
ectamessagef r
om
hisservantistor ejectJesushimsel f.

Chr
ist
ianresponsetoChr i
st’
sret
urn
 Thedut yoftheapostl
eswast ogooutandtel
lthegoodnewssot hatpeopl
ecould
bebroughtoutint
othespi
rit
ualKi
ngdom.Jesuspromisedthem t
heHol ySpi
ri
tto
gi
vethem powerforwork.
 Today ,Chr
ist
iansmustworkasChrist
’swit
nesses;t
owar npeopl
eaboutthecoming
j
udgementandt hewayint
ot heKi
ngdom ofGod(Acts1:6-
8).

Rel
igi
ouscentralideasaboutJudgement
a)Chr
ist
ianit
y
Peopl
ewillbejudgedaccordi
ngtothei
rdeeds.

[
Typet
ext
]Page31
  Responset oChr i
st(inone’ sl if
e) .
 Behav i
ourt oot hers.
 Chr i
sti
anconductandser vice.
b)I
slam
 Islam i
mpl iest otalsurrendert ot hewi l
l ofAllah.
 What ev erAll
ahwi l
ls;bei tgoodordadmustcomet opass.
 Jesusi scomi ngt orulef orf ortyy ear s.Hewi llt
henest abl
ishIslam inthewhol eworld.
 Theyr ecogni set heneedf orAl lah’ sfor giveness, butdoubt sifhewoul deverdothat.
 Asol dierwhodi esinahol ywar ,topr otectt hespr eadofI slamicfaith,doesnotneed
towor ryaboutkeepi ngt hel awofI slam, orhav i
nghi sgoodorbadwei ghed.His
deat hinwarbl otsawayanysi nsi nhi sl i
fe.
 Theyar edeepl yconcer nedbyaboutj udgementday .
 Judgementf oraMusl imi saf ear somet hi
ng.Thegoodorbadi naper son’sli
fewil
l
bewei ghedonascal ebyt heGodofv engeance.
-ifgooddeedswei ghheav iert hant hebad, aMusl 9imi spromisedheav enfullof
del i
ghtsofl i
fe; watergar dens, goodhar vest,purewi v eswhopl easehi m.
-ifbadout wei ghgood, hewi l
lgot ohel l buthecannotknowunt ilj
udgement .
c)Hi
nduism
 Thei deaofj udgementi srelev antt oHi ndus.
 InKar ma, aHi ndubel ievest hatt hatr ewar dorpuni shmental way sdependsondeeds.
 Agoodl i
vi
ngHi ndudoesnotwor ryaboutj udgement .Heact sunselfishlyanddoes
hisdut yandso, l
eavesj udgementt oGod.
 Ifhisact i
onsar edevoutorpi ous, inhi sl i
fetimeort henext ,hewillber ewardednow
andi nthenextl if
e.Ifhisdeedsar ebad, punishmentmustf oll
ow.
 Onecannotescapet her esults( puni shmentorr ewar d)ofone’sact i
ons.

Reli
giousCompar i
sonsonPer sonal Judgement
a)Chr isti
anit
yVsI slam
Similarit
ies:
 Bot hbel
ieveinper sonal j
udgement .
 Bot hbel
ievet hatpeopl ewi llbejudgedaccor dingtotheirdeeds.
Diff
er ences:
Christianit
y-Peoplewi llpr i
mar i
lybej udgedont heirresponset oChristandChrist
ian
behav iour.
Isl
am-Judgementdependsonone’ sbehav iour
.
Christianit
y-Judgementwi llbedonebyGodofki ndnessandl ove.
Isl
am-Judgementwi ll
bedonebyGodofv engeance.
b)Chr isti
anit
yVsHi nduism
Similarit
ies:
 I nboth,therewi llber ewar dandpuni shment .
 Bot hbel
ieveinper sonal j
udgement .
 Bot hbel
ievet hatt herewi l
lbej udgementaccor dingtoper sonalconduct.
Diff
er ences:
Christianit
y-Peoplewi llbepr imar i
lyjudgedaccor di
ngt otheirresponsetoChr i
st.
Hindus-Peopl ewi l
lbepr i
mar i
lyjudgedaccor di
ngt otheirdeeds.
Christianit
y-WhenaChr istiandies,thesoul goest oli
vewi t
hJesus.
Hindus-WhenaHi ndudi es, t
hesoul enter
sanotherbodyandcont i
nuestoliveinthewor
ld.

[
Typet
ext
]Page32
UNI
T9:
PRAYER

Bi
bleText
:
 TheLord’
spatt
ernofpr ayer(
Lk11: 1-
4)
 Thefr
iendatmidnight(Lk11:
5-13)
 Thewidowandt hejudge(Lk18:1-8)
 ThePhari
seeandt hetaxcoll
ector(Lk18:
6-14)

Pr
ayeri
stal
kingandli
steni
ngtoGod.Godwantsust ocommunicat
ewithhimi
nthi
sway
.
Whenshoul
dwepr ay?
 Any t
ime,anywhere.
 Thegoodt imetopraypri
vat
elyiswhenreadi
ngtheBi
bleeachday.
 Chr i
sti
ansshoul
dalsocomet oget
herf
orprayer(
Mt18:19-
20).

[
Typet
ext
]Page33
Howshouldwepr ay?
Ther
ear et
hreewaysofpr ayer:
a)Pri
vate(
oneself
/personal)pr
ay er:
thi
siswhenanindivi
dualcommunicatewi
thGod.
b)Communi t
yprayer:
Thi si
swhenacommuni tymeettogethertopray
.
c)Acti
onprayer
:Thisinvolv
esr eachi
ngouttoother
s;examplehelpi
ngthosei
nneed.

Methodsofpr ay
er
a)Wor shipandThanksgi vi
ng:Thi
si nvol
vest hankingtheGodt hatheisGreatandHoly
.
b)Conf essi
on:Istel
lingGodaboutt hewrongt hingsonehasdoneandi fonehasfai
ledGod
i
nanyway .
c)I
ntercession:Isprayingonbehalfofothers;li
ket hesick,
poor,widows,or
phans
d)Personal:Thisiswhenani ndi
vidualprayst oGodaboutanypr obl
emsorneedstheymay
have.
e)Thanksgiving:ThankingGodforhear i
ngandanswer ingourprayers.

Jesus’examplesofpr ivatepr ay er
Jesusoftenwental onet opr ayt ohisfather.Someoft heoccasi
onswhenJesuspr
ayed
al
onewer e:
 Af terhewasbapt ised( Lk3: 21)
 Af terhehadheal edmanypeopl e(Lk4:42)
 Whenhegav et hanksf orf oodpr ovi
ded( Lk5:16)
 Bef orehechoset het wel ve(Lk6:12)
 Bef orehespokeofhi scomi ngsufferi
ng( Lk9:18)
 Bef orethetransfiguration( Lk9:28)
 Bef oregoingt othecr oss( Lk22:20-45
ReasonswhyJesusPr ayed
 Togett hestrengthheneededt odohi smi ssi
on.
 Toknowt hewi l
loft hef ather(God).Thismat teredt
ohi m mor
ethanany
thi
ng.

TheLord’
sPat ter
nofPrayer
Jesusencouragedustobri
ngourneedst oGod, bel
i
evinghehearsandanswer
s.
Therear
ef ouri
mportantel
ement si ntheLord’sPrayer
:
 Recogni si
ngGodasourf ather .Heisincontrol
inheaven.
 AllowingGod’swil
lismorei mpor tantt
hanany t
hingel
se.
 Godgi vesusourdailypr
ov isions.
 For gi
veusoursinsaswef orgiveothers.

Christ
ianatt
it
udet oPr ayer
a)Af r
iendatmidnight( Lk11: 1-4)
 Thepar ableteachest heimpor t
anceofper severanceorpersi
stencei
npray
er.
 Wenev eraskGodi nv ain,hewillanswer
.
 Godi snev errel
uct anttoanswer ,butwait
ingf orthebestti
me.
b)TheWi dowandt heJudge( Lk18: 1-
8)
I
nt hestor
y,anungodl yjudgedoesnotwantt ohelpthebeggi ngwidowbutdeci
destohel
p
herbecausesheisbecomi nganui sance.
Judgesweresupposedt ohav especialconcer
nfort hewi dows,or
phansandthepoor,
but

[
Typet
ext
]Page34
theywereoftencor r
uptandsel f
ish.Theyonl yhel pedthosewhohadmoneyandi nf
luence.
 Thewi dowhadnomoneyandi nf l
uence, noonehel pedher,sheonl ygotjusti
ce
becauseofper si
stence.
 Unl i
ket hejudge, Godhelpst heneedyandt heoppressed.
 Wecanr elyonhi mtohel pusi fwet rustinhim andbeper sistentinpr ayer.
c)ThePhar i
seeandt heTaxCol l
ector( Lk18:9-14)
 Pr ayermustbeaddr essedt oGod.ThePhar i
seewasonl yi
nt erestedinhi mselfand
di
dnothav efaithinGod, butinhi sreli
giouswor ks.Forthi
shewascondemned.
 TheTaxcol l
ectorhadf ai
thinGodandheknewhewasasi nner .Soheadmi ttedto
God, humili
tyandsor rowgr i
ppedhi m.Hewasf orgivenofallhissi ns.
Goddoesnotl i
stentopeopl ewhot r
yt otellhi
m aboutt heirgooddeeds.

Waysthr
oughwhi chGodanswer sprayer
Godcananswerpr ayerinthreeway s;
YES, NOandWAI T.Butthen:
 Al waysbeli
ev ethatthatGodwi llansweryourpray
er.
 Pr ayi
nt henameofJesus.Godanswer swhenwei nthenameofhi
sson.
 Pr ayaccordingtowi l
l ofGod.LetGodansweri nawayhewants.
 Al waysobey .Godanswer swhenweobeyhi m.

Rel
igioust eachingsonPr ayer
a)Zambi anTr adi t
ionalRel igion
 I nsomet raditi
on, anal tari smadeatev eryhousef orcont actwi ththefamily.
 Ataspeci alplace, sacrificesar eof f
eredt hespi ri
tst ogi vet hem ashar eoffood,
har vestespeci allyint i
mesoff amineandsi ckness.
 Pr ay ersar emadet hrought heancest r
al spiri
tsasmedi ator sbetweenmanand
supr emeGod.
 Mostbel iev ethatifal liswel l
,thereisnoneedt opr aytoGod, itwil
lbotherandannoy
him.
 Communi t
ypr ayeri smor ecommont hanpr ivatepr ayerasmostpeopl eareaware
thatGodi smor ei nterest edi nthecommuni tythanani ndi vidual.
b)I
slam
 Pr ay erisoneoft heessent ialfi
vepill
arsofI slam.
 I slam doesnotexcuset hei llf
rom prayingast heycanpr aywhi lelyi
ngdown.Those
thatcannotgot ot heMosquecanst i
llprayathomef acingMecca.
 AtnoononFr idaywhi chi st heHol ydayf orMusl i
ms, speci alcongregational
messagesar esai dinaMosque.Ther eisal soaser mononmor al,
socialandpoli
ti
cal
issues.
c)Hinduism
 Pr ay erhasav eryimpor tantposi ti
oni nlifeofaHi ndu.I tinfluencest hought
processes.
 Thenat ureofHi ndupr ay erisdi v
erse.AHi ndupr ayst ot heul ti
mat eGod, Brahman-
theGr eatSoul .ButaHi ndui sencouragedt oseeGodi nf orm ofv ariousgodsand
goddessesorev ennat ur e.
 Dur ingpr ayer,heHi ndumaychanthi sownv erse( Mant ra)f rom theHol ybooks.He
mayj ustsi tquietlyinaqui etspotandt ryt obeonewi t
hnat ure.
 Congr egational prayeri snotcommonamongt heHi ndus.

[
Typet
ext
]Page35
Reli
giousCompar i
sononPr ay er
a)Chr isti
anityVsZambi anTr adit
ionalReli
gion
Si
mi larit
ies:
 Bot hbeli
evet hatpray eristhewayofcommuni cati
ngwi t
htheSupr
emeGod.
 Bot hhavespeci alplaceswher etheyconductpray
er.
 I nbot hCommuni ti
espr ayeriscommon.
 Bot hpraythroughamedi ator.
Diff
er ences:
Christianit
y-Prayerismadet hroughJesusasamedi ator
.
Z.T.
R-Pr ayerismadet hr
oughancest r
alspi
ritsasmediat
ors.
Christianit
y-Prayerissaidanyt i
meany where.
Z.T.
R-Pr ayerisonlydoneatspeci alt
imese.gf amineordisease.

b)Christi
anit
yVsI slam
Si
mi l
arit
ies:
 I nboth,prayerisanessentialpartofrel
i
giouspract
ice.
 I nboth,thereiscongregati
onal pr
ayer.
Dif
ferences:
Chri
stianit
y-Thereisnof i
xednumberaper soncanprayinaday .
I
slam-AMusl i
m pray sfi
veti
mesaday .
Chri
stianit
y-Onedoesnotneedt of aceinanyspecial
placewhenpray
ing.
I
slam-AMusl i
m pray swhil
efacingMecca.

c)Chr isti
anit
yVsHi ndui
sm
Similarit
ies:
 Bot hattachgreati
mpor t
ancetoprayer.
 Bot hpraytoGod.
Diff
er ences:
Christianit
y-Arenotencour agedseei
ngGodi nv ar
iousf
ormsgodsandgoddesses.
Hindui sm-Areencour agedseeingGodinv ar
iousformsofgodsandgoddesses.
Christianit
y-Allprayersar
ei mport
ant
.
Hindui sm-Somepr ayersar
emor eimport
antt hanother
s.

UNI
TTEN:JESUS’
ATTI
TUDETOOTHERPEOPLE

Bi
bleText
:
 Zaccheausthet
axcol
l
ector(
Lk19:
1-10)
 Theadulter
ouswoman(Lk7:
25-
37)

[
Typet
ext
]Page36
  TheGoodSamar it
an(Lk10: 25-
37)
 TheRichmanandLazar us( Lk16:19-31)
 Theunforgi
vi
ngservant(Mt18: 21-
35)
 TheLostSheepandCoi n(Lk15: 1-
10)
 Thegentlewidowandal eper(Lk4:16-30)
 Thefait
hofaRomansol dier(Lk7:1-19)
 JesusandZaccheaus(19:1-19)

Theunpopul aranddespi sedpeopl ei

nZambi a
Peoplehavedi f
ferentatt
itudest owardsothers,
especial
lyt
hedespi
sedorunpopul
ar.They
sometimesmock, ignor
eandi solatethem.Someoft hecausesoft
hesedi
sli
kesare;
j
ealousy,
pr i
de,fearandpov er
ty.
Examplesofpeopl ewhoar edespi sedorunpopularare:
 Thepoor
 Uneducat ed
 Thebl i
nd
 Thehandi capped
 Pr ostit
utes
 Thi eves
 Peopl eofot herracesornat i
onali
ti
es
 Thosewi thHI V/
AIDS

Howt
hedespisedcanbehelped
 Byprovidi
ngthem wi
thpr
actical
ski
l
ls,
mater
ial
thi
ngsandspi
ri
tual
hel
p.
 Byalsomixingwit
hthem (
thoseofr
aceandHIVposi
ti
ve)
.

Jesus’att
it
udetot hedespi sedandunpopul ar
a)Lepers
AtthetimeofJesus, Leprosywasnotonl yconsideredtobeanuncl eandisease,which
requi
rednotonlyhealingbutcleansi ng.
 Jesusassoci atedwi ththem t houghhewasexpect edstayfrom t
hem.
 Hehadcompassi on, pi
ty,lov
eandsy mpat hyforthem suchthatHeheal ed,mixed
andtouchedthem.
 Jesusr espectedtheJewi shlawsbyi nsisti
ngt hatheal
edlepersobservet hel
aws.

b)Taxcollect
or s
Thiswasanot hergr oupofpeoplewhowher edespisedatt hetimeofJesus.Theywere
tr
eatedasout castsi nthesoci
etybecauset heyweretrai
tor st
ot henati
onbecauset
hey
workedfortheRomans.
Theywerehat edforbei ngknownascheat ersbecausetheyov erchar
ged.
 Jesust ol
dt hePhar i
seesthat,i
ftaxcollect
orswer ebad, t
heyweretheoneswho
neededhi shel pmoste.g.LeviandZaccheaus.
 Tobecomeaf ri
endofGod,insteadofanenemy ,onehadt omakef r
iendswi
thfel
l
ow
mene. g.Zaccheausgav eouthehadst olen.
 Jesuswasabl etoseebeyondt heselfi
shnessAndcheat i
ngandsawamanwhowas
“l
ost”andneededt obeputr i
ghtwi thGod.

[
Typet
ext
]Page37
c)Sinner s
Accor di
ngt otheJewi sht hought ;sinnerswer egroupsofpeopl ewhodi dnotkeept heLaw
ofMosesi nitst otal i
ty.Thosewhomi xedwi thgent i
lesandt axcol l
ect orsmadet hemsel ves
unclean.
Stri
ctJewsbel iev edt hatsal v
ationwasi nt hekeepi ngoft heLawst rictly.
 Jesuswasnotconcer nedwi thsuchsoci al evils,
butaper sonwhowasav i
ctim of
suchsoci al evilse. g.Theadul t
erouswoman, Thepar abl eoft hemoneyl ender -Luke
7:36- 50.
 I nt hest oryoft headul terouswoman, Simoni ssurpr i
sedt hatJesuscoul dal l
owsuch
showofemot ionsf rom asi nful woman.I nanswert ohi scr i
ticism, Jesust ell
shi ma
stor yoft wopeopl ewhoowedmoneyt othemoneyl ender .JesusshowsSi mont hree
things:
a)Si monwaswr ongi ncondemni ngChr ist’sat t
itudet ot hiswoman, whohadal ready
repented.
b)Ar epent antsi nneri smuchbet terthanapr oudper sonwhoi snotawar eofsi n.
c)Jesusr einst atest hewomani nsoci etyadmi tsar esinful past ,butpubl i
clyannounces
thathersi nshav ebeenf orgiven.
d)Gent il
es
Gent i
l
eswer enon-JewsandassuchJesuswasnotsupposedt oi nter actwit
ht hem.
 Jesus’ attitudet othegent il
esshowedt hathewasf ol lowingt heLawbyt r
eating
them wi thr espectandhel pi
ngt hem ( Lk7: 1-10)
 ThePhar iseeskeptt heirtraditi
onwhi chkeptt hem f arawayf rom gent i
les.

Jesus’teachingaboutf orgi veness

a)ThePar ableofunf orgivingser vant( Lk10: 25-37)
OnlyGod’sunl i
mi tedfor gi
venessmakesi tpossibleforthesinner stoenterhisKingdom.The
bestevi
dencet hatwebel ongt othisKingdom i sdept hofourf orgiv
enessandl ov etothose
whowr ongus.
Theparableoft heunf orgi
v i
ngi ll
ustratesthat:
 Godhasf orgi
venusal lourdebt squi t
ebey ondourmeanst orepay.
 Manyt i
mesweshowl ackoff orgi
v enesst othosewhosedebtofwr ongdoi ngtous
arever ysmal l,compar edt owhatweoweGod.
TheBiblepassageofMat thew18: 25-20hasst epswhi shJesusgav etowardsrestoring
Chri
sti
anf el
lowshi pwi thwr ongdoer s:
 Aper sonal v i
sitstr
ai ghttot heof f
ender ,i
fher efuses
 Anot herv i
sitwi t
ht woort hreetot alkaboutit,ifherefusest orepent
 Takei ttot heChur ch.Theof f
enderi stakenbef orealocal congregati
on,tot r
yto
settl
et hemat t
er .I
fher efuses
 Tr eathi m asanout si der.Nol ongeramemberoft hefell
owship.

b)ThePar
ableoft heLostCoin,LostSheepandSon( Lk15: 1-30)
 Theparableswer et
oldincr i
ti
cism ofJesusbythePhar iseesandScr
ibes,who
bel
iev
edt hattaxcoll
ectorsandsinnerswer ebeyondt hehopeofGod’sforgi
veness.
 Jewswer eawar eofthemer cyofGodf orthenationandnotf orani
ndivi
dual.
 Jesusemphasi sedGod’ sint
erestineachperson.

Lov
eandTol
erance

[
Typet
ext
]Page38
a)JesususestheGreekwor d“ agape”forlove.I
tdescr
ibesl
ove,whichtakesanacti
ve
i
nteresti
nthewelfar
eofot hers.Itdoesnotexpectanythi
nginret
urn.
b)Lovedoesmor ethanitneeds, becauseevenpeoplewhohav enor el
i
gionshowloveto
fr
iends.Act
sofkindnesswi l
lreceiveGod’sreward,i
fdonefr
om propermot i
ves(
Mt5: 43-
48)
.

Intol
eranceandl ackofLov e
a)TheSamar itanshadbeenenemi esoftheJewsf orCent
uri
es.Theyhat edt heJews
passingintheirpr ov inceont heirwayt oJer usalem.
b)Jesusdi sappr ov edoft heKi ndofexclusiv e,i
nt oler
antbehavi
ourshownbyoneofhi s
disci
pleswhencutof fMar cus’sear( Lk22:47-53) .Jesusdemonstratedhi slove,
compassi onandf or giveness.
c)Jesuswasaf riendoft hegent i
lesandt axcol lectors.Hedidnotdespiset hem orignore
them.Het riedt obr ingt hem intotheKingdom.
Ourat t
it
udet owar dsdespi sedpeopl eshoul dbe:
 Alway sbei ngwi lli
ngtopr ayforthem.
 Toencour aget hem t orepent.
 Hel pthem.
 Showl ove.Anat ti
tudeofl ovewill
of tenbr ingsuchpeopleint
ot hef el
lowshipwith
Godandot herChr i
sti
ans.

TeachingonLov e, Forgi venessandTol erancei not herRel i

gions
a)Zambi anTr aditi
onalRel i
gi on
InZambi anTr adi t
ional communi ty,ther e:
 Lov ef oreachot herespeci allyt heunf or tunat eones.
 Rev engewasdi scour aged; visitorsandst ranger swer ewel come.
 Adeepsenseofki nshi pcont rolledt hehowpeopl ebehav edt ogetherandt oeach
ot her .Eachper sonhadt heirpl acei nt hesy stem.
 I foneper sonof fendedanot heri nhi sbehav iour, t
heywer eexpect edtoaskf or
for giveness.
b)Isl
am
 I slam decl ar esthatal lmenar ebr ot her sandi nt heirstatusushumanbei ngs.A
man’ smer i
tdoesnotdependonhi sf ami l
y,connect i
onsorhi sweal t
h,butonwhet her
hei sbet t
ert hanot her sinmor al conductandhol i
ness.
 I nmat terst owi tht her eli
giousLaw, aMusl i
mi suny ieldi
ng.
 Rev engei sal l
owed( condoned)byt heQur an,especi allyagai nstthosewhatdonot
bel iev einIsl am.
 Musl imsar ehospi tabl epeopl eandpr oudofhost ingguest s.Onemayev engohungr y
inor dert of eedt heguest .
c)Hinduism
 Hi ndui sm i snotanaggr essiver eligion.I thasbeenpr actisedt hroughl ov
e,
for givenessandt oler ance.
 Hi ndui sm hasnev ert ri
edt oexpandi tselft hroughr eli
giousper secuti
on,orby
imposi ngitspr inciplesonot herpeopl e.I tusest hepr i
ncipl
eofwi nningopponent s
thr oughl oveandf orgi veness.
 Hi ndui sm bel i
evesi next ernal lov e,nott heki ndwhi chexpect sany thi
nginr eturn,not
mot ivat edbutf ort heuni t
yofsoul andmi nd.I ti
saspi rit
ual l
ov eandal lmat eri
alscan
giv e.

[
Typet
ext
]Page39
  Forgi
venessisthemai nprinci
pleinHinduism.Wrongdoer sar
eexpectedtobe
for
given.Theref
ore,f
orgivenessisnotaweakness, butcomesf r
om astr
ongf eeli
ng
ofl
iberal
ism andbroadnessofmi nd.
 Tol
erancei sanimportantteachi
ngi nHindui
sm andithasitsr
ewar di
nthelongr un.
Tol
eranceshowsast r
ongchar acterandspiri
tual
strengt
hofmi nd.Hi
ndui
sm itself
hassurvivedthr
oughtolerance.

Reli
giousCompar i
sononLov e, ForgivenessandTol er ance
a)Chr isti
anit
yVsZ. T.R
Similariti
es:
 Bot hbel
ievet hattheof fendermustbef orgiven.
 I nboth,revengei sdi scour aged.
Diff
er ences:
Christianit
y-Theirl
ov eforChr i
stcont r
olshowt heybehav et ogetherandtowardseachot her
.
Z.T.
R-Adeepsenseofki nshipcont rolshowt heybehav etoget herandt owar
dseachot her.
b)Chr isti
anit
yVsI slam
Similariti
es:
 Bot hshowhospi t
alityt oenemi es.
 Bot hbel
ievei ncommonbr otherhoodofal l
humanki nd.
Diff
er ences:
Christianit
y-Nor evengei sal lowed.
Isl
am-Rev engeisal l
owedt ononbel ievers.
Christianit
y-PeoplewhoopposeGodar ef orgivenort olerated.
Isl
am-Nof or
givenessort olerancet ot hosewhoopposeAl lah’swor d.
c)Chr isti
anit
yVsHi nduism
Similariti
es:
 Bot hfor
givewr ongdoer s.
 Bot hwinopponent st hroughl ove, f
orgiv
enessandt olerance.
 Bot hdonotcondoner evenge.
 Bot hbel
ievei n“agape”l ov e,
whi chi suncondi ti
onal .
Diff
er ences:
Christianit
y-Showl ov eforgiv enessandt oler
ancet oal lthrought heloveofJesus.
Hindui sm-Showsl ov e,forgivenessandt oler
ancet hroughone’ sstrength.
Christianit
y-All
owst heHol yspi rittopr oduceunsel fi
shness, humili
tyandlov
et ocounter
i
ntoleranceandl ackofl ov e.
Hindui sm-TheHi ndur eligionhassur vivedt r
ought ol
er ance; hencei ti
samat terofpr
ideand
ownef fort
.

[
Typet
ext
]Page40
UNI
T11:SUFFERI
NG
BibleText
s:
 Pet er’sconfessionoff ai
th(Lk9: 18-
21)
 Suf feringanddeat hfJohnt heBaptist(
Mk6:17-29,
7:18-
28)
 Thet ransfi
gurati
on( Lk9:28-36)
 Thesuf f
eri
ngofJob( Job1and2)
 Jesus’ suff
eri
ngi nthegar denofGet hsemane(Lk22:39-
46)
Suffer
ing:
I
st hephysical,mental,
spiri
tualoremot i
onalangui
shortur
moi l
humanbeingsgot
hroughi
n
l
if
e.Exampl esofsuf fer
inginclude;sickness,deat
h,l
ossofempl oy
ment
,inj
uri
ese.
t.
c.

Suff
eri
nginZambi a
Suff
eri
ngisexper
iencedbyallcreat
ures.Humanbei
ngsgothroughal
otofsuf
fer
ing
thr
oughoutt
heirl
i
v es.Thesearespi
rit
ual,
mental
,emot
ional
andpsychol
ogi
cal
.

Ourreact
iontoSufferi
ng(inZambia)
Whenaper sonisexperi
encingsuff
ering,wemustr eactby:
 Encouragethatpersonnottogi veupbuttryharder.
 Givingmaterial
andspi r
it
ualsupport
.
 Gat her
ingtomour nandgivecomf or
tifi
tisaf uneral
.
 Notmocki ngorr ej
ecti
ngaper sonwhoissuf fer
ing.

Explanationsf orSuf f
ering
Christ
ianshav et heirownv i
ewsonwhypeopl esuffer.Suffer
ingisbasical
l
yasar esul
tofsi
n
cursedwor l
d.Bef oreAdam andEv esinned,therewasnosuf feri
ng.
a)Christians:
Today ,Godal l
owpeopl et osuf f
erforthef ol
lowingdi ff
erentreasons:
 Tot estandpur if
yt heirf ai
th-(1Peter1:6-7)
 Topuni sht hem f ort heirsinsanddi sobedience-(Deut28: 15-
24)
 Todi sciplinet hem andt eachthem-( Heb12: 5-11)
 Tot eacht odependonGod-( I
ICor12: 7-10)
 I tisthecostoff oll
owi ngJesus-( Mk8: 34-35)
b)Zambi anTr aditi
onalRel igion:
Peoplesuf ferbecause:
 Theyhav edi spleasedt hespiri
t s.
 Theyar ehat edbyt hewi tchorbewi tched.
 Di srespectt oancest ral spir
it
swhi chbr i
ngsi cknesses,badluckorevendeath.

CausesofSuf
fer
ing

[
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ext
]Page41
Manypeoplebel
ievethatsufferi
ngdoesnotj ustcome;ther
emustbesourcesofthese
suf
fer
ing.Eacht
ypeofsuf fer
inghasi t
sownsour ce:
 Itcomesfrom af al
l
enwor l
dcontai
ningev i
l.
 Peoplesomet imesbringsuf f
eri
ngont hemselv
esbecauseofthei
rconduct.
 Becauseofjealousyorhat r
ed,peopl
ehav ecausedsuff
eri
ngonothers.
 ThoughGodi sincontr ol
,Hesomet i
mesal l
owstheDevilt
obri
ngtragedi
esonman
(
Job1and2) .

AvoidableSuf f
ering
Diseaseswhi chkilll
ikeHI V/AIDS,Cholera,Dy senteryandmanyot hersarepreventabl
e,
becauset heyarepassedon.
Othersufferi
ngscannotbeav oi
dedl i
kedeat h.
Effect
sofAI DSont hef amily
 Disintegrati
onoff ami l
iesaschi l
drenhav etoshar ed.
 Lossofbr eadwinner s.
 Stressonext endedf amily
,ast hefami lywi l
lhavet otakecar eofthesick.
 Somef ami l
ymember swil
labandont heirjobstot akecar eoft hesi
ck.
 Funer al
sandmour ningcostsleav efami l
ieswi t
hf inanci
al burdens.
 Manyor phanswi thoutadequat eheal t
hcar eandeducat ion.
Effect
sofAI DSont heNat i
on
 Treatmentofoppor t
unisti
cinfecti
onsi sexpensiveandcausesal otofstrai
non
nat i
onalbudget .
 Increasest henumberofor phansmaki ngitdiff
icultforgov er
nmentt oprovide
adequat eheal t
hcar eandeducat ional services.
 Thenumberofst r
eetkidsrisesandt her eisincreasei nchildlabourasorphanlook
forway st osurvive.

Ef
fect
sofAI DSont heEconomy
 Thepr oducti
vehumanr esour
ceisdrasti
call
yreduced.
 Thequal i
tyandquantit
yoflabouri
saffected.
 Lossofski l
l
edandexper i
encedworkersmeanshi gherr
epl
acementcostt
hrough
t
rai
ning.

Ef
fectofAIDSonEducat ion
 Reducednumberoft rai
nedt eachers,
assuchl ackofskill
edmanpower .
 Increasedabsenteei
sm duet oill
ness,thusaff
ectingperfor
mance.
 Reducednumberofeducat ionof f
icer
sduet odeat h.
 Reducespubl i
cfinance(healthcarebudgetincreases).
 Fami l
yresourcesarereducedasmuchr esour
ceisspentonhealthcare.
 Somechi ldr
enmaynotat t
endschool butremainhomet ocareofthesickespeci
all
y
gi
rl
s.

Howt oAvoi
dv ar
ioustypesofSuff
ering
Thoughsomesufferi
ngcannotbeav oided,t
her
ear
eot
her
sthatcan.Thoscanhappeni
nthe
fol
l
owingways:
 Goodmor alstandards(
Proverbs5:7-
12)
.
 Properuseofdr ugs.

[
Typet
ext
]Page42
  Cari
ngfortheenvi
ronment.
 RespectforHumanRight
s.
 Populat
ioncont
rol
.

Peter’
sconfessi
onofFai t
h(Lk9:18- 21)
TheBiblepassageismeantt oshowt hatJesus’suffer
ingwastheful
fi
lmentoft
heOld
Testamentprophecy,
andt heproblem t hatJesus’di
scipl
eshadinunderst
andi
ngthef
act
thatJesushadtosufferanddieformanki nd.
I
nt heOldTestament,twovivi
dsidesofJesusar eshown:
 TheMessi ahisshownasar ulingKing(Psalms2)
 Hei salsoshownasasuf feri
ngser v
ant(Isai
ah53)

WhyJewsf
ail
edtounderst
andJesusassuff
eri
ngservantandrul
ingKi
ng
 Theyexpect
edtheMessi
ahtochasetheRomansaway .
 Theyexpect
edMessiaht
obet heKi
ngandliv
einluxury
.
 Theyexpect
edtheMessi
ahtobeapower f
ulpol
iti
call
eader
.

Meani
ngofthephrase“SonofMan”
 Hissufferi
ngandglory
.
 Hisli
feonear t
hinmanhood(asahumanbeing).
 Hisfuturecoming;i
nglor
yandpowerofhi
sKingdom.

Jesustel
ls(predicts)hissuffer
ing(Lk9:21-
22)
 ThecostChr i
stpaidtomakei tsal
vat
ionpossibl
e.
 Of t
enasasi gnofobedi encetoGod.
Thedisci
plesdiscov eredanimportanttr
uthaboutJesus:
a)Hewast heMessi ah,assuch;
b)Hemustt osuf fer.

Themeani
ngofthephrase“Imust ”
TheSonofManmustsuf f
er.
..“Jesusoftenusedthephr
ase,
“Imust
”toshowt
hat
:
 Hesawhismissionast hefather
’swil
l.
 Heandthefat
herwereone( John10:30)
 God’
swill
washiswi l
ltoo.

TheTransfi
gurati
on( Lk9:28-36)
Thi
sst or
yshowshow:
 Jesusresistedt emptati
ontoav oi
dsuffering.
 Jesus’sufferingwast heful
fil
mentoftheOl dTestamentpr
ophecy.
 Jesus’disciplesfounditdif
fi
cultt
ounder standthatChri
sthadtosuff
er.
 Thatsuf f
eri
ngf ortheKingdom ofGod:
a)ThecostChr istpaidtomakesalvat
ionpossi ble.
b)Oft
enasi gnofobedi encetoGod.
Gethsemane(Lk22: 39-46)
 Jesuswasawar ethathisnati
onwouldr ejecthi
m.
 Hewasgoi ngt osufferanddie.
 Hedi dnotsi n,yetwasreadytodieforoursi ns(sinsofmanki
nd).

[
Typet
ext
]Page43
  Hewast
he“
LambofGod”t
aki
ngawayoursi
ns.

Chr
ist
ian’shopeandf ai
thi nSuf fer
ing(IPeter1:6-
7;2:
20-
24)
 Chr i
sti
anscanbegl adev eninsuffer
ing.I
tisawayoftest
ingourfai
thandpr
ovest
o
bereal.
 I fwebecomef earful,weneedt ospeakt oGod.Hewil
lgiv
eust heri
ghtwor
dsand
att
it
udet hr
oughsuf feri
ngt i
me.
 I ti
sonewayofl earningt odependonGod.
 Wear eassuredthatwewi ll
neverbet est
edbeyondourst
rengt
h.

TheSufferi
ngandDeat hofJohnt heBapt ist(Mk6: 17-
29;Lk7:8-
28)
Frot
hisstory,welearnthat:
 ThewayofGodi snotinspeci al si
gnandgr eatshow.Itgr
owsgradual
ly
,slowly,of
ten
t
hroughsuf f
eringandper secution.
 John’sobedi encetoGodt hrought hepreachingoft hewordofGod,t
hetestingofhis
f
aithledhimt oglor
yandaccept ancei nt heKingdom ofGod.
 Thehumbl estbeli
evertoday ,i
sgr eaterthanJohnt heBapti
st.
 Gr eat
erblessingsreavailabletoust hr
ought heJesusChrist
.
 IfJohnandJesussuf feredf ortheKi ngdom, wealsomustbewi l
li
ngtosuffer.

Rel
igi
ousTeachi ngsonSuf fering
a)Chri
sti
ani ty
 Jesusast heMessi ahcamet osuf feranddi eforus.I twast heonl
ywayGodcoul d
providedel i
verancef rom sin.
 Jesus’ f
ollowersmustbewi ll
i
ngt osuf fer.
 Chr ist’
sfollower smustbewi l
lingt omakesacr ifi
ces.
 Godgi vesst r
engt ht oendur esuf f
er i
ng.
 Dur ingsuf fer
ing, aChr isti
anshoul dnothav ethef earofmanbutt rustGod.
 Chr isti
ansshoul dnotbeaf rai
dt ospeakt oGod.
b)I
slam
 Suf feri
ngofanyki ndi nIsl
am isaccept edasthewi llofAllah.
 Muhammadhi msel fhadadi f
ficultti
me.Hewasbor ni naweal t
hyf amil
ybutbecame
anor phanatav eryy oungageandgr ewupi npov erty.
 Thosewhosuf ferf ortheirrel
igionori ndefenceofI slam areespecial
lycommended
bytheQur an.
 Thosewhof i
ghti ndef enceofAl l
ah’struereli
gionwi l
l beguidedandledinto
ParadisebyGod( Al l
ah).

c)Hi
ndui
sm
 Hindusbel i
evet
hatsuffer
ingispartofourlif
eandwecannotav oidit.
 Suffer
ingisthegif
tofGodandwehav etobeari t.
 Suffer
ingisthewayt omeasureone’sstrengthofmi ndandsoul .
 At r
ueHi ndubel
ievesthat
;themorehol yaper sonis, t
hegreaterhispowert
obear
suffer
ing.
 AccordingtotheHindus;t
hemor ey ousuffer,
t hemor eyouarepur if
ied.
 Suffer
ingmaybr i
ngt ophysi
caldeath,andnotspi ri
tualdeath.

[
Typet
ext
]Page44
d)Zambi
anTradit
ionalReligi
on
 Li
feisful
lofsuff
eringbecauseofsickness,fami
ne,deat
handhunger.
 Suff
eri
ngiscausedbymagi c,Witchcraft
,cur
sesandspiri
ts.
 Deathendsphysicalsuff
eri
ng,butthereisnoescapebecauset
henextwor
ldal
so
hasit
ssuffer
ing.

Reli
giousCompar isononSuf fering
a)Chr isti
anit
yVsI sl
am
Similarit
ies:
 Bot hbel
iev
et hatther
ei ssuffer
ingint heworl
d.
 Bot hbel
iev
et hatsuff
eringcanbr i
ngphy si
caldeath.
Diff
er ences:
Christianit
y-Somesuf fer
ingsar enotGod’sr esponsi
bil
ity
; t
heyar
ecausedbypeopl
e
themsel vesorothers.
Isl
am-Suf fer
ingofanykindisaccept edast hewi l
lofAll
ah.

b)Chr isti
anit
yVsHi nduism
Si
mi larit
ies:
 Bot hbeli
ev esuf fer
ingmaybringtophy sicalandnotspiri
tualdeath.
 Bot hbeli
ev et hemor eonesuffer
st hemor epuri
fi
edandst r
ongerinfaith.
 Bot hexpectt osuf f
erandmakesacr i
fi
ces.
Diff
er ences:
Christianit
y-Godal lowsust osuff
erbuttoomuchbey ondcannotcomef rom acari
ngGod.
Hindui sm-Ev er
ythingcomesf rom Godev ensuff eri
ng.
Christianit
y-Sufferingi satestofone’sf
aithtoknowi fi
sreal
.
Hindui sm-Suf f
eringi sawayt omeasur eone’smi ndandsoul.
Christianit
y-AllChr i
st i
anssomet i
messuf fer
;itdoesnotdependonone’ sholi
ness,butgi
ves
st
rengt ht oendurei t.
Hindui sm-Suf f
eringcanendi fwegiveourdesi resandambi t
ions.

c)Chr isti
anit
yVsZambi anTradi
ti
onal Rel
igi
on
Similarit
ies:
 Bot hbel
i
evethatsuff
eri
ngisthereintheworl
d.
Diff
er ences:
Christianit
y-AskGodtor emovesuf
feri
ng.
Z.T.
R-DonotasksGodt oremovesufferi
ngbecausehedoesnotcausei
t.

[
Typet
ext
]Page45
UNI
T12:OPPOSI
TIONTOJESUS
 Opposi
ti
onmeanshav
ingadi
ff
erentopi
nionorv
iew

 Peopl
ereactdi
ff
erent
lywhent
heyar
efacedwi
thopposi
ti
on.

REACTI
ONS

 St
rongr
esent
ment
s

 Anger

 Theybl
ameot
herpeopl
e

 Theybl
ameGod

 Theybl
amet
hemsel
ves

 Acceptcr
it
ici
smsandchangef
ort
hebet
ter
.

DI
SADVANTAGEOFAGGRESSI
VEREACTI
ONS

 Vi
olence

 Spoi
lrel
ati
onshi
psamongpeopl
e

 Mi
srepr
esent
ati
onofChr
ist
.

OCCASI
ON CRI
TICI
SM REACTI
ONS

 Rej
ecti
onatNazar
eth -Whowashetosayt
hata -
Hewalkedawayandlef
t
-
Lk4:14-30 gent
il
ewomanandaleper t
hem wi
tharr
ogantt
hought
.
werebet
tert
hant
heJew?

 Heal
i
ngt
hepar
aly
zed -
Blasphemyonl
yGodcan -
“Easi
ert
ofor
giv
esi
nsort
o

[
Typet
ext
]Page46
 man f
orgi
vesi
ns. heal
”.

Lk5:
17-
31

 Cal
lofLev
i-
Lk5:
27- -Eat
inganddr
inkingwit
hTax -
Heanswered:“
Ihav
ecome
31 coll
ector
sandsinner
s. t
ocall
sinner
sto
r
epent
ance”.

 Picki
ngcornont he -
Worki
ngont
heSabbat
h -
Heremindedthem ofwhat
Sabbath-Lk6:
1-15 Day
. t
hei
rgreather
oKing

Dav
iddi
d.

 Heali
ngamanwitha -
Healing(
worki
ng)ont
he -
Heaskedthem;“i
sitl
awful
weather
edhandLk SabbathDay
. todogoodorev
ilonthe
6:
6-11 Sabbat
h.

 Heali
ngthewoman -
Healing(wor
king)ont
he -“Hy
pocri
sy”Hesaid;
doyou
wit
htheinfi
rmi
tyLk Sabbath. notwateryourani
malson
13:
10-17 theSabbat
h.

 Heal
i
ngamanwi th -
Healing(wor
king)ont
he -
Heasked; “
wouldyoual
low
dr
opsyLk14:
1-6 Sabbath. yoursontodrownonthe
Sabbath”
.

THEPRI
ESTSANDSCRI
BESCHALLENGEJESUSAUTHORI
TY-
LUKE20:
1-8

Aquest
ionaboutJesusaut
hor
it
y

Thepr
iestwasupsetwi
thJesus’
becauseHehad;

 Ent
eredJer
usal
em t
ri
umphant
lyr
idi
ngonadonkey
-amessi
ani
csi
gn.
-(MARK20:
1-8)

 Seent
eachi
ngcr
owdsi
ntheTempl
e,dai
l
y.

 Dr
ivent
rader
soutoft
heTempl
e-John2:
23

 Therel
igi
ousl
eader
scameupwi
that
ri
ckyquest
ion,
‘’
bywhataut
hor
it
yar
eyoudoi
ng
thi
s?’
’

 Thi
squest
ionwast
ri
ckbecause;

 I
fheansweredhehadtheri
ghtbecauseHewast heMessi
ah,
theywoul
daccuseHi
m of
bl
asphemyagai
nstGod,andtherebel
l
ionagai
nsttheRomanCeaser
.

 I
fHedeni
edHisMessiahship,orcl
aimedHeownauthori
ty,t
hepeopl
ewhohadjust
hai
l
edHim asthesonofDavid(MESSIAH)woul
dnotacceptthi
sandther
esul
twoul
d
hav
ebeendisi
l
lusi
onmentandar i
ot.

THEPARABLEOFTHEWI
CKEDTENANTS-
LUKE20:
9-19

[
Typet
ext
]Page47
  TheGod’
svi
ney
ardr
epr
esent
sIsr
ael
.

 Thebadtenantsrepr
esentt
herel
i
gionleader
s,whobeatandkil
l
edGod’s
messenger
s( pr
ophets)f
rom t
heOldTestamentupt
oJohnt heBapt
ist
’st
ime.

 Theywer
eaboutt
odot
hesamet
oJesus.

 Thi
swoul dbr
ingpuni
shmentt
oIsr
ael
andGodwoul
dwi
thdr
awI
srael
’speci
al
pri
vi
leges.

 Thevi
neyar
dwouldbegiv
entotr
uebeli
ever
ssoont
ocal
l
ed‘
’
thechur
ch’
mai
nly
madeupofGent
il
eChri
sti
ansEph3:
6,9-
10.

PAYI
NGTAXTOCAESAR–LUKE20:
20-
25

 I
fJesusaccept
edt
opay
,hewoul
dbet
reat
edasat
rai
tort
otheJews.

 I
fhehadr
efusedt
opay
,Hewoul
dhav
ebeenqui
l
toft
reasonagai
nstRome.

 Jesusanswershowedt
hatdut
ytobot
hGodandci
vi
laut
hor
it
ywer
enotopposedt
o
eachother
.

Thequest
ionaboutr
esur
rect
ionandmar
ri
age–Luke20:
27-
40

 TheSadduceesbel
i
evedonl
yint
hef
ir
stf
ivebooksoft
heBi
bleofMoses.

 Si
nceresurr
ecti
onisnotmentionedi
nthefi
vebooksoft
heBi
ble,
theydi
dnotbel
i
eve
i
nit.Hencethi
stri
ckyquest
iontoJesus.

 JesusshowedtheSadduceesthatMoses’
lawaboutmar
ri
ageonl
yappl
i
edt
othe
physi
calwor
ldandnotinspir
it
ual.

 Hel
atershowedthem t
hateveni
nthebookofMosesresur
recti
onwasimpl
ied‘
’
Iam
t
heGodofAbr aham,I
saacandJacob’
’(
Exodus3:
6)andnot‘’IwasGodof…………….
.’
’

THEBETRAYALANDARRESTOFJESUS

ThePl
ot-Luke22:1-
6

 Astheopposi
ti
ontoJesuswasbui
l
dingup,
somepeopl
einf
ormedt
hePhar
iseesof
whatJesushaddone.

 Hehadr
aisedLazar
usf
rom t
hedead(
John11:
45-
53)

 Becauseoft
hemi
racul
oust
hingsdi
dthePhar
iseeswoul
dbecomeunpopul
ar.

 TheSanhedr
inf
ear
edt
oloset
hei
rpowerandpr
ivi
l
egesf
rom t
heRomans.

 Achar
geoft
reasonagai
nstJesuswassuggest
ed.

 Thepr
ophecyt
osav
ethenat
ionwasf
ulf
il
ledi
nthi
sway
.

 TheChi
efpr
iest
sdeci
dedt
oar
restJesusqui
etl
yaf
tert
hef
eastoft
hePassov
er.

[
Typet
ext
]Page48
  Judasof
fermadet
hei
rpl
aneasi
er.

Thear
rest–Luke22:
47-
53

 Judasledhi
sgroupofpeopl
e(Chi
efPr
iest
s,Templ
eguar
dsandRomansol
dier
s)t
o
captur
eJesus.

 Aki
sswast
hear
rangedsi
gnal
.

 WhenJudaski
ssedJesus,
theycameandar
rest
edHi
m.

ACCUSATI
ONSANDTRI
ALSOFJESUS

 Jesushadt
oendur
ethr
eet
ri
alsbef
ore;

 TheJewi
shSanhedr
in.

 TheRomansGov
ernor
,Pi
l
ate.

 Ki
ngHer
odAnt
ipasofGal
i
lee.

a)Bef
oret
heSanhedr
in

 Theywant
edastat
ementf r
om Jesus,
whicht
heycoul
dusetoaccuseHi
m of
bl
asphemyHi
m ofblasphemyandcondemnHimtodeath.

 Onewit
nesssai
dthatJesushadsai
dthathewoul
ddest
royt
heTempl
eandbui
l
diti
n
t
hreedays,
(Matt
26:60)

 Jesusadmi
tt
edt
hatHewast
hesonofGodonhi
swayt
ogl
ory
.(MATT26:
27-
63)

 TheJewswer
esat
isf
iedt
hathewasgui
l
tyofbl
asphemy
.

b)Bef
orePi
lat
eandHer
od-
Luke23:
1-25

 Achangeofbl
asphemywoul
dbeusel
essbef
oreaRomanCour
t.

 Suchareli
giouschar
gewoul
dnothav
ePi
l
ate’
ssy
mpat
hy,
soi
twaschangedt
oa
pol
it
ical
charge.

Theaccusat
ionhadt
hreepar
ts

 Jesushadst
ir
redupt
hepeopl
etor
ebel
.

 Hehadf
orbi
ddent
hem t
opayt
axt
oCaesar
.

 Hehadsethi
msel
faski
ngoft
heJews(t
reasonagai
nstCaesar
)(John19:
12)

[
Typet
ext
]Page49
 Al
ltheseaccusat
ionswer
eli
es

 Pil
atecoul
dnotseet
hatJesuswasnott
heki
ndofper
sont
ost
irupt
roubl
eand
foundnoreasont
ocondemnHim.

 Howev
er,
theJewsi
nsi
stedt
hatHewascausi
ngt
roubl
eev
eni
nGal
i
lee.

 Jesust
eachi
ngaboutopposi
ti
onLuke9:
1-2,
Luke10:
13-
16,
Luke8:
37.

 Jesust
oldt
hedi
sci
plessi
mpl
y‘’
tol
eav
e’’
thepl
aceofopposi
ti
on.
(Mat
t4:
11-
12)

 Jesustaughthi
sdi
sci
plest
o‘’
rej
oiceandbegl
adwhent
heyf
acedopposi
ti
on’
’Luke
11:14-
23)

 JesustaughtHi
sdi
sci
plest
o‘’
answerwi
thar
gumente.
g.JesusandBeel
zebub
(Satan)
’’

Rel
igi
ousCompar
isononOpposi
ti
onandPer
secut
ion

Chr
ist
iani
tyVsI
slam

Si
mil
ari
ti
es:

 Bot
hfaceopposi
ti
onorper
secut
ion.

 Bot
hbel
i
evet
hatsomet
imesper
secut
ionoropposi
ti
oni
sthewi
l
lofGod.

 Bot
har
ereadyt
osacr
if
icef
orGod.

Di
ff
erences:

Chr
ist
iani
ty-Rev
engei
snotal
l
owedi
nChr
ist
iani
ty.

I
slam-Qur
anencour
agesr
evengeaf
terper
secut
ion.

Chr
ist
iani
ty-For
giv
ethei
rper
secut
ors.

I
slam-For
giv
enessi
sseenasaweakness.

b)Chr
ist
iani
tyVsHi
ndui
sm

Si
mil
ari
ti
es:

 Bot
hbel
i
evei
nnon-
viol
enceort
oler
ance.

 Bot
hfor
giv
ethei
rper
secut
ors.

Di
ff
erences:

Chr
ist
iani
ty-Pr
ayf
ort
hei
rper
secut
ors.

Hi
ndui
sm-Of
tent
hreat
enf
ast
ingunt
ildeat
h.

Chr
ist
iani
ty-Rej
oicewhenper
secut
ed.

[
Typet
ext
]Page50
Hi
ndui
sm-St
agea“
sitdown”ont
hest
reet
.

UNI
T13:THELASTSUPPERANDTHE CRUCI
FIXI
ON
Howpeopl
ereactt
oBel
iev
ement
s

 Acceptdeat
hasawi
l
lofGod.

 Bl
ameot
her
s

 Bl
ameGod

 Bl
amei
tonwhi
chcr
aft

 Theycr
y.

Ri
tual
sandbel
ief
sat
tachedt
obur
ial

 Therear
eseveral
rit
ual
swhichexpr
essthebel
i
efthatther
eisl
i
feaf
terdeat
he.
g.
bury
ingthedeadwit
hcert
ainobj
ect
sli
kecups,pl
ates,
andguns.

[
Typet
ext
]Page51
  Wor
dsl
i
ke“
depar
ted”or“
sleepi
ng”ar
eusedi
nst
eadof‘
’
dyi
ng.
’
’

 Thewashi
ngofhandsaf
terbur
ial
.

 Thewomenwearmour
ningbandsar
oundt
hei
rheads.

 Sl
eepi
ngout
sidet
hef
uner
alhousef
ormen.

 Womensl
eepi
nsi
det
hehouse.

THELASTSUPPER-
LUKE22:
7-23

Thepr
epar
ati
onoft
hepassov
er-
Luke22:
7-13,
Exodus12:
1-30

 Everyyeart
heJewscelebr
atedthePassov
erf
eastt
orememberhowt
heywer
e
deli
ver
edf r
om sl
aver
yinEgypt
.

 Jesushadmadecar
eful
arr
angement
sforapl
acet
ohol
dthePassov
er.

 Het
oldt
wodi
sci
plest
ogoi
ntot
heci
tyandf
oll
owamancar
ryi
ngawat
erpot
.

 Hewouldl
eadt
hem t
oahousewi
thaupperr
oom wher
etheywoul
dhol
dthei
rlast
supper
.

 Pr
epar
ati
onswoul
dincl
udebuy
ing,
sacr
if
ici
ngandr
oast
ingal
amb.

 Theyal
sobr
oughtbr
eadwi
thouty
east
,bi
tt
erher
bsandwi
ne.

 Thi
swoul
dbet
hel
astt
imet
heLor
dJesuswoul
deatt
hismeatandi
twasv
ery
i
mport
antt
ohi
m.

 Hewoul
dint
roduceaf
eastofr
emembr
ancet
othedi
sci
plesbef
oreHesuf
fer
edand
di
ed.

TheLor
d’sSupper
-Luke22:
14-
23

 Sever
alcupsofwinewereblessedduri
ngt
hePassov
ermeal
andt
her
ewoul
dbe
sev
erall
oavesofbreadonthetable.

 Af
tersupperJesust
ookal
oafofbr
ead.

 ‘
’
Thi
sismybodygi
venf
ory
ou,
dot
hisi
nremembr
anceofme.
’
’

 Then,hetookacupofwi
nesay
ing‘
’
thi
sisanewcov
enanti
nmybl
oodwhi
chi
s
pouredoutfory
ou.

 Jesusmadei
tcl
eart
hathewasgoi
ngt
odi
e.

 Hi
sdeat
hwoul
dhav
eameani
ng,
whi
chHi
sfol
l
ower
swer
etor
emember
.

[
Typet
ext
]Page52
  Thebr
okenbr
eadwasasy
mbol
ofHi
sbody
,br
uisedandgi
venf
orusont
hecr
oss.

 Thewi
newasasy
mbol
ofHi
sbl
oodpour
edout
.

 Theol
dcov
enantwasseal
edbyt
hebl
oodofasacr
if
icedani
mal
.
(Exodus24:
3-8)

 Jesusdeat
hseal
edanewcov
enantofGodwi
thman(
JER31:
31-
34)

 Thenewcovenantwoul
ddel
iverpeopl
efrom si
nbr
ingf
orgi
venessandet
ernal
li
fet
o
al
lwhorecei
veJesusassav
iourandLord.

 Jesuswant
edthosewhohaveeter
nal
li
fethr
oughhi
sdeathtoj
oint
oget
herto
rememberHim,byeat
ingbr
eadanddri
nki
ngwinei
nthanksgi
vi
ngandworshi
p.

Thesi
gni
fi
canceoft
heLor
d’sSupperf
ort
heear
lychur
ch

 I
twassy
mbol
i
ccommunal
meal
knownasAgapef
east(LOVE)(
1CORI
TH11:
23-
28)

 I
tisanactofr
emembr
anceoft
hedeat
hofJesusChr
ist
.

 Ther
ecoul
dbenonewcov
enantwi
thoutt
hebl
ood.

 I
tisar
emi
nderofwhatGodhasdonef
oruset
hrought
hedeat
hofJesus.

 I
tisanexpr
essi
onofGod’
sredempt
ionandt
henewcov
enant
.

ForChr
ist
ianst
oday

 Lookback-i
nthankf
ulr
emembr
anceoft
hecostoft
hei
rredempt
ion.

 Lookup-i
nfai
tht
osenseChr
ist
’spr
esenceandhi
swel
come.

 Lookr
ound-t
orej
oicei
nthei
runi
twi
thot
herChr
ist
ians.

 Lookf
orwar
d-t
otheLor
d’sr
etur
nandHi
svi
sibl
epr
esence.

 Lookwi
thi
n-t
omakeanactmeani
ngf
ul.

 Toadmi
t-t
hei
runwor
thi
ness,
andcomet
oChr
ist
,readyt
orecei
veal
lhehadt
ogi
ve.

TEACHI
NG

EXODUS24:
3-8

 Jesusl
astsupperi
sthef
ulf
il
mentoft
heol
dcov
enant
(Jer
31:
31-
34)

 I
tist
hef
ulf
il
mentoft
heNewTest
ament(
begi
nni
ng)
.

 Jesusi
sthesacr
if
ici
all
ambwhosesacr
if
icebr
ingssal
vat
iont
oal
l
.

[
Typet
ext
]Page53
 THECRUCI
FIXI
ONOFJESUS-
LUKE23:
26-
49

Chr
ist
ianunder
standi
ngoft
hedeat
hofChr
ist

 Thecr
ucif
ixi
onofChr
istwasthef
ulf
il
mentoft
heOl
dTest
amentpr
ophecyaboutt
he
messi
ah.(Psal
ms22andIsai
ah53).

 ShowsGod’
slov
eforusandwear
eshar
ed(
John3:
16-
18)

 Templ
ecur
tai
nsar
etor
nint
otwomeani
ngnowt
hewayt
oGodi
sopent
oal
l
.

THEDEATH

Thebur
ial
ofJesus-
Luke231-
6,John19:
38

Thesi
gni
fi
canceoft
hedeat
hofJesus(
Romans5:
6-10)

 Chr
istdi
edf
oroursi
ns.

 Thi
sshowsGod’
sat
ti
tudeofl
ovet
owar
dssi
nner
s.

 Si
nner
sar
echangedf
rom God’
senemi
esi
ntoGod’
sfr
iends.

 Mani
sjust
if
iedasasi
nnerandsav
edf
rom si
n.

 BecauseofChr
ist
’sdeat
h(or
’bl
ood’
’
)si
nscanbef
orgi
ven.
(Eph2:
12-
18)
.

 I
tbr
okebar
ri
ersbet
weenpeopl
ee.
g.JewsandGent
il
es.

 I
tbr
oughtr
econci
l
iat
ionbet
weenmanandGod.
(Romans56-
10)

 I
thasbr
oughtt
oanendani
mal
sacr
if
iceandt
hei
naugur
ati
onoft
hecov
enant
.

 Chr
ist
’ssacr
if
icehasbr
oughtaboutr
edempt
ion.

 Becauseofthedeat
hofJesuswehav
e’’
diedt
osi
n’
’andsi
nnol
ongerhas power
overourl
iv
es.

 Bapti
sm i
sapict
ureofnewli
feweli
vei
nHim,ther
efor
ebehaveast
hosewhoar
e
deadtosi
n,sel
fandworl
d,butal
i
vetoGodt
hroughthedeat
hofChr
ist
.

Howdoest
hedeat
hofChr
istaf
fectChr
ist
ianst
oday
?

 Thedeat
hofJesusaf
fect
edusbecausewear
ejust
if
iedbyhi
sdeat
h.

 I
nChrist
,peopl
ear
eaccept
edbyGodbecauset
hei
rsi
nsar
efor
giv
enandar
e
r
econcil
edtoGod.

 Theymayappearbef
oreGodwi
thoutsi
n,putr
ightwi
thhi
m.

 Wear
enowaccept
edt
oGod.

[
Typet
ext
]Page54
  Al
lthati
soff
eredonthebasi
sthatJesusChr
istdi
edourdeat
handr
oseagai
nandi
t
i
sreceiv
edbyfai
th.

 TheChri
sti
anl
i
fei
soneoff
reedom andar
elat
ionshi
pwi
thGodi
nwhi
chy
ouar
e
unaf
rai
d.

 Godseest
heChr
ist
ianasi
fheshar
edChr
ist
’sdeat
h.

 Hi
ssi
nful
nat
urewascr
uci
fi
edwi
thChr
ist(Romans6:
1-6)

 Chr
ist
iansnowhav
ehopeofet
ernal
li
fe.

 Chr
ist
iansshoul
dnotpl
acebar
ri
ersbet
weent
hemsel
vesandpeopl
eofot
hert
ri
bes
orr
aces.

Rel
igi
ouscompar
isononf
uner
als,
bur
ial
sandt
eachi
ngaboutDeat
h

a)Chr
ist
iani
tyVsZambi
anTr
adi
ti
onal
Rel
igi
ous

Si
mil
ari
ti
es:

 Bot
hmour
nthedead.

 Bot
hacceptdeat
h.

 Bot
hbur
ryt
hedead.

Di
ff
erences:

Chr
ist
iani
ty-Acceptdeat
hascomi
ngf
rom God.

Z.
T.R-Theyacceptdeat
hbutbel
i
evedeat
hcomesf
rom spi
ri
tsandext
ernal
causes.

Chr
ist
iani
ty-Deat
hcannotbepr
event
edasi
tiscomi
ngf
rom God.

Z.
T.R-Deat
hcanbepr
event
edasi
tcomesf
rom ext
ernal
for
ces.

b)Chr
ist
iani
tyVsI
slam

Si
mil
ari
ti
es:

 Bot
hbel
i
evet
hatphy
sical
deat
hmustcomeandphy
sical
li
femustend.

 Bot
hbel
i
evei
nli
feaf
terdeat
h.

Di
ff
erences:

Chr
ist
iani
ty-Af
tercommi
tt
alpr
ayeratbur
ial
,mour
ner
sdi
sper
se.

I
slam-Adayaf
terbur
ial
,mour
ner
sgat
herataMosquet
opr
ay.

Chr
ist
iani
ty-Mayonl
ypr
ayatmemor
ial
ser
viceusual
l
yaf
teray
ear
.

I
slam-Forf
ort
yday
s,al
lmal
esofi
mmedi
atef
ami
l
yvi
sitt
hegr
ave.

[
Typet
ext
]Page55
Chr
ist
iani
ty-Af
terdeat
h,t
her
eisnohopeofGod’
sfor
giv
eness.

I
slam-Musl
i
mscont
inuet
opr
ayf
orf
orgi
venessoft
hedeceasedt
oAl
l
aht
orewar
dthedead.

c)Chr
ist
iani
tyVsZambi
anTr
adi
ti
onal
Rel
igi
on

Chr
ist
iani
ty:

 Bot
hacceptdeat
hasgod’
sdeci
sion.

Di
ff
erences:

Chr
ist
iani
ty-Theybur
ryt
hedead.

Hi
ndui
sm-Donothav
ebur
ial
,butbur
nthedead.

[
Typet
ext
]Page56
UNI
T14:JESUSTRI
UMPHOVERDEATH
I
deasaboutl
if
eaf
terdeat
h

 Somebel
i
evel
i
fecont
inuesi
nonef
orm ort
heot
her
.

 Ot
her
sdonotbel
i
evei
nli
feaf
terdeat
hatal
l
.

 Ther
ear
ethosewhobel
i
evet
hatt
hedeadhav
ethei
nfl
uenceont
hel
i
ving.

 Ot
herpeopl
ebel
i
evet
hataper
son’
sact
ionsi
nthi
sli
fedet
ermi
nedt
henextl
i
fe.

 Chr
ist
iansbel
i
evet
hatt
her
ewi
l
lbear
esur
rect
ionoft
hedead.

 Basi
cal
l
ypeopl
ehol
dont
othef
oll
owi
ngbel
i
efsaboutl
i
feaf
terdeat
he.
g.

 Deat
hist
heendofev
ery
thi
ng.

 Li
fegoesonbey
onddeat
h.

 Chr
ist
ianpr
eacher
sbel
i
eveandt
eacht
hatt
her
ewi
l
lbear
esur
rect
ion.

 Thosewhobeli
evei
ndeat
hasacessat
ionofl
i
fehav
enobear
ingont
henext
,si
nce
theysayt
her
eisnone.

 I
nZambi
aTr
adi
ti
onal
Rel
i
gion,
bel
i
evet
hatl
i
fecont
inuesbey
onddeat
h.

 Thought
heymaynotsayt
hatt
hepr
esentl
i
fedet
ermi
nest
henextl
i
fe.

 Theyal
sobel
ievet
hatt
hosewhodi
ebadl
y,ei
therbyadi
seaseorawayf
rom home,
tendt
odealwit
hthel
iv
ingi
nabadway.

 Theybr
ingcur
ses,
badl
uck,
disease,
deat
handbar
eness.

JESUSRAI
SINGDEADPEOPLE

Duri
ngthet
imeofJesus,
manypeopl
efaceddeat
h.Jesuswasconcer
n aboutt
he
peopl
e’
swelfar
ebot
hphysical
l
yandspi
ri
tual
l
y.

a)Thewi
dow’
ssonatNai
n-Luke7:
11-
16

 Nai
nwasasmal
ltown,
eastofNazar
eth.

 Thewi
dowl
i
vedt
her
eandhadonl
yoneson.

 Unf
ort
unat
elyheronl
ysondi
ed.

 Thi
smeantt
hatt
hewi
dowwoul
dremai
ninat
err
ibl
est
ateofpov
ert
y.

[
Typet
ext
]Page57
  Thi
smi
racl
emadepeopl
etor
ecogni
zeJesusasgr
eatpr
ophet
.

 JesususedHi
sdi
vi
nepowert
otr
iumphov
erdeat
h.

b)Jesusr
aisesJai
rus’
daught
er-
Luke8:
40-
42,
49-
56

 Jai
rushel
dani
mpor
tantposi
ti
on.

 Hewasar
ulerofaSy
nagogue,
responsi
blef
oral
lor
gani
zat
ionoft
heSy
nagogue.

 Att
hatt
ime,
ther
ewasani
ncr
easei
ntheof
fi
cial
disappr
oval
ofJesus.

 Theref
oreitt
ookmuchcour
agef
orJai
rus,
a Jewi
shl
eader
,toappr
oachJesus
tohealhi
sdaught
er.

 Whi
l
eont
heway
,ther
ewer
etwoi
nter
rupt
ions.

 Thesewer
eaheal
i
ngmi
racl
e;t
hisdel
ayedt
hepr
ocessi
ont
oJai
rus’
house.

 Jesusr
ecei
vedar
epor
tthatJai
rus’
daught
erhaddi
ed.

 Jesusr
espondedt
other
epor
tbysay
ingt
hechi
l
dhadnotdi
ed.

 ‘
’
Onl
ybel
i
eveonl
ybel
i
eveandshewi
l
lbewel
l
.’
’

 ThesonofGodusedHi
spowert
oov
ercomedeat
hbydeat
hbyr
aisi
ngt
hegi
rlf
rom
deat
hbacktol
if
e.

 Thi
smi
racl
etooshowst
hatJesusi
sLor
dbot
hli
feanddeat
h.

 I
tisonl
yfai
thi
nHi
m,whi
chsav
es.

c)Rai
singofLazar
us-John11:1-
44

 Lazar
usl
i
vedi
nBet
hanyandwasv
erysi
ck.

 Jesuswasneart
hisl
ocat
ionandhear
daboutt
hesi
ckness.

 Howev
er,
Jesusnev
erhur
ri
edt
oBet
hany
,thoughHehear
dthatHi
sfr
iendhaddi
ed.

 Jesuswast
orai
sehi
m backt
oli
feandpr
ovet
hatHewasi
nuni
tywi
tht
hef
atheras
sonofGod.

 Mar
thaLazar
us’
sist
erbel
i
evedt
hati
twast
ool
atef
orJesust
oheal
herbr
other
.

 Jesust
oldhert
hatLazar
uswoul
dri
set
oli
fe.

 Jesussawphy
sical
deat
hasanenemyt
obedest
roy
edandast
heweaponofSat
an.

 Jesuswasf
il
ledwi
thsor
rowanddet
ermi
nedt
owi
nav
ict
oryov
erdeat
h.

[
Typet
ext
]Page58
 TEACHI
NGABOUTLI
FEAFTERDEATH

 Thest
ori
est
eachcl
ear
lyt
hatJesusi
sther
esur
rect
ionandt
hel
i
fe.

 Weal
sol
ear
nthatJesusi
sLor
dov
erdeat
handdeat
hcannotconquerHi
m.

 Jesushaspowerov
erdeat
htosetf
reet
hosewhoar
eboundbyt
hepowerofSat
an.

THERESURRECTI
ONOFJESUS-
LUKE24:
1-48

a)Thewomenatt
het
omb–Luke24:
1-12

 Thewomenwenti
nthemor
ningandf
oundt
het
ombempt
y.

 TheAngel
sai
dthatJesushadr
isen.

 Thewoment
oldt
heGoodnewst
othedi
sci
pleswhodi
dnotbel
i
eve.
(John20-
11-
18)

 (Mar
yMagdal
eneseest
her
isenLor
d)

b)Jesusont
her
oadt
oEmmaus-Luke24:13-
53

 Jesusappear
edt
othet
woont
her
oadt
oEmmaust
oshowt
hem t
hatHehadr
isen.

 Jesusr
emi
ndedt
het
woaboutt
heOl
dTest
amentpr
ophesyofsuf
fer
ingMessi
ah.

Jesusappear
stohi
sdi
sci
plesi
ntheupperr
oom-Lk24:
36-
53

 Thediscipl
eswerebehindl
ockeddoor
s,t
alki
ngaboutt
heseappear
ances,
when
suddenlyJesusappear
edtothem.

 Si
ncet
hedoor
swer
elocked,
thedi
sci
plest
houghti
twasaGhostandwer
eaf
rai
d.

 Jesuscal
medt
hei
rfear
sbyshowi
ngt
hem Hi
sbodyoff
leshandbonesandmar
ksof
cruci
fi
xi
on.

 Hetol
dthem t
ot ouchHi
m andaskedf
orsomefoodtoeatsothatt
heycoul
dbesur
e
t
hatHewasalive,si
ncet
hespri
tdoesnotf
ood.–(Lk24:
36-43)
.

Themeani
ngofChr
ist
’sr
esur
rect
ionf
ort
heear
lyChr
ist
ians

 Act
s2:
22-
36(Pet
er’
sser
mon)

 Petert
oldthecr
owdthatGodhadrai
sedJesusfr
om t
hedeadasf
oret
oldi
ntheOl
d
TestamentandnowHeisatther
ighthandofGod.

 Thel
i
fe,
deat
handt
her
esur
rect
ionofJesusChr
istmeantt
hat
;

[
Typet
ext
]Page59
  Jesuswast
heMessi
ahspokenofi
ntheOl
dTest
ament
.

 Theot
hermeani
ngwast
hatt
hisr
esur
rect
ionbr
oughtaboutnewbi
rt
h(Li
fe)
.

 I
tgav
ethem hopeofet
ernal
Heav
en.

Paulwr
it
esaboutt
her
esur
rect
ion-(
1Cor
in15:
1-58)

 Jesus’
resur
rect
ioni
soft
hegr
eat
esti
mpor
tancef
orChr
ist
ianr
eli
gion.

 I
fChr
isti
snotal
i
vet
henChr
ist
iansar
ebi
ggestl
i
ars,
loser
sandf
ool
s.

 Chr
ist
’sr
esur
rect
ioni
mpl
i
esourr
esur
rect
ion.

 Onedaywewi
l
lbel
i
evei
nHi
sgl
ory
.

 Chri
st’
sresurr
ect
iongivesassur
anceofhumanr
esur
rect
ion,
tri
umphov
erdeat
hand
evi
landgivespowerforChri
sti
anserv
ice.

 Paul
teachest
hatatr
esur
rect
iont
ime,
Godwi
l
lgi
vehi
speopl
edi
ff
erentnewbodi
es.

WhatChr
ist
iansbel
iev
eaboutJesusResur
rect
ion

 Jesusr
esur
rect
ioni
sGod’
sappr
oval
ofHi
m af
terbei
ngr
esur
rect
edandki
l
led.

 I
tist
heconfi
rmat
ionthatJesusi
stheMessi
ah,
thesonofGod,
thr
oughHi
m weget
anewli
fe.
(pet
er1:3)
.

 Ther
esurr
ect
ionofJesusi
stheful
fi
lmentofGod’
spl
anofsal
vat
ion,
showi
ngsel
f-
gi
vi
nglov
eofGodi ntheor
igi
nofoursal
vati
on.

 I
tshowst
hatmancanber
econci
l
edt
oGodt
hroughChr
ist
’sdeat
h.

 Ther
esur
rect
iongi
vesChr
ist
ianshopef
ort
hef
utur
eli
fe.
(2Cor5:
17)

 TheChr
ist
ianchur
chbasesi
tsf
ait
hont
hedeat
handr
esur
rect
ionofJesus.

 Ther
esur
rect
ionofJesusmeanst
hatGod’
spoweri
sgr
eat
ert
hant
hatofSat
an.

 Ther
esur
rect
ioni
sthegr
eat
estmi
racl
eofal
l
.

Rel
igi
ousCompar
isononLi
feaf
terDeat
h

a)Chr
ist
iani
tyVsZambi
ant
radi
ti
onal
Rel
igi
on

Si
mil
ari
ti
es:

 Bot
hbel
i
evei
nli
feaf
terdeat
h.

 Bot
hbel
i
evet
hatt
hespi
ri
tsur
viv
edeat
h.

[
Typet
ext
]Page60
Di
ff
erences:

Chr
ist
iani
ty-
Spi
ri
tsoft
hedeaddonotr
etur
ntoear
th.

Z.
T.R-Somespi
ri
tsr
etur
ntowor
kaswonder
ingspi
ri
tsandmaycause.

Chr
ist
iani
ty-Spi
ri
tsoft
hemaynotbecont
act
ed.

Z.
T.R-Spi
ri
tsoft
hedeadmaybecont
act
ed.

b)Chr
ist
iani
tyVsHi
ndui
sm

Si
mil
ari
ti
es:

 Bot
hbel
i
evet
hatt
heSoul
doesnotdi
e.

 Bot
hteacht
hatt
her
eisl
i
feaf
terdeat
h,dependi
ngonhowwel
i
vedonear
th.

Di
ff
erences:

Chr
ist
iani
ty-Thespi
ri
tofadeadChr
ist
iangot
oli
vewi
thGod.

Hi
ndui
sm-Thespi
ri
tcant
akeanot
herf
orm andcomebackt
oear
thas

anot
herf
orm orani
mal
.

Chr
ist
iani
ty-Ther
eisnocomi
ngbacki
nthi
swor
ldoncedead.

Hi
ndui
sm-Ther
eiscomi
ngbacki
nanot
herf
orm.

c)Chr
ist
iani
tyVsHi
ndui
sm

Chr
ist
iani
ty:

 Bot
hbel
i
evei
nli
feaf
terdeat
h.

 Bot
hbel
i
evet
hatGodwi
l
lJudget
hem i
nthel
i
fet
ocome.

Di
ff
erences:

Christ
iani
ty-Theyknowwhethert
heybel
ongtot
hedev
ilorGodbef
ore
j
udgement.
Hinduism-Inli
fetocome,peopl
ewil
lbej
udgedont
hei
rdeeds.

[
Typet
ext
]Page61
GRADETWELVEWORK

UNI
T15:THEEARLY CHURCH

RELATI
ONSHI
PBETWEENDI
FFERENTPEOPLE

Bef
oret
hebegi
nni
ngoft
hechur
ch

Communicationbar r
ier
sexi
stedbet
weenJews,Samari
tans,andGentil
es.Allt
hreegroups
weresegregated.Jewswereprej
udi
cedagai
nstTaxcol
lectorsandSamar i
tans.Ther
ewas
al
sosegregationbetweenwomenandmen, l
epersandordinarypeopl
e.

Af
tert
hebi
rt
hoft
hechur
ch

Thesedif
fer
encesbecamei mmateri
alast
hepeopl
ewereuni
tedinChri
st.Fori
nst
ance,
whetherJeworGent i
le,
theyal
lrecei
vedt
heHolySpi
ri
t.Samari
tansandTaxColl
ector
s
wereaccept
edonaccountoffai
th.

Languagebarr
iers
Languageiscr
ucialforal
lfor
msofcommunicat
ion.Whenev
ert
her
ear edi
ff
erentgr
oupsof
peopl
e,iti
sessenti
al t
ohaveacommonlanguageforcommuni
cat
ion.Thel
anguagebarr
ier
s
wereovercomeont heDayofPent
ecost(Acts2:1–13)

ThedayofPentecost( Acts2:1-13)
 Pentecosti saGreekwordmeaning“ f
if
ty’’
.The“feastofPent ecost’
’wasaJewish
Fest
ivalofthanksgivi
ngattheendoftheWheathar vest.Thi
sf eastt
ookplacef
ift
y
daysafterPassover
.
 Manypeopl e(Jews)camef r
om di
stantplacesforthi
sf east.

Si
gnsoft
heHolySpi
rit
 St
rongwi
ndblowingsy
mbol
i
sest
heHol
ySpi
ri
t’
spr
esent
.

[
Typet
ext
]Page62
  Thet onguesoff i
rer epresentthepr esentofGodj ustli
ket heOl dTest amentf l
ames
offir
e.e. g.Mosesandt hebur ningbush.Thepi l
laroffi
regui dingt heIsraeli
tes.
 TheHol ySpi ri
tbringsthepr esenceandpowerofGodt obel ievers,butJudgmentt o
unbeliever s.
 Thedi scipl esbegant ospeaki not hertonguesorl anguage, whi cht heyhadnot
l
earned, y etthosewhol i
stenedunder st
oodt hem.
 Thev isit
or st oJerusalem wher eJewsf r
om ot hercountri
es, whi l
esomewer e
Gentilesconv ert
edt otheJewi shf ait
h,yetallunderstoodi ntheirownl anguage,the
greatt hi
ngshasdone.
 TheHol ySpi ri
thadcomei npoweront hedisciplesenablingt hem t otaketheGospel
toever ypeopl eandnat i
onsasChr istcommanded.

RACI
AL ANDCULTURALBARRI
ER

a)Theprobl em oftheGr eeks( Acts6:1–6)

 Aquar rel ar
osei ntheChr isti
ancommuni tybetweentheGr
eek-Jewsandt hel ocal
Aramaicspeaki ngJews.TheGr eek–speakingJewsclai
medt hatthei
rwidowswer e
notbei
ngcar edforpr oper ly
.
 Thent heysuggest edt hatsev enmenbeappoi ntedtoadmini
stersuppl
iesofmoney ,
foodandcl othi
ng.
 Thesev enwer etobewi se,fi
ll
edwi thHol
ySpiri
tandtohaveagoodst anding.The
Groupchosesev enGr eek -speaki ngmen.
 Oneoft hem wasSt ephenwhowasf ul
loffai
thandtheHolySpir
it.

St
ephen’sr ole(Act s6:8-15)
 Hewasf il
l
edwi t
ht heHol ySpiri
tandhadgr eatwi sdom andwasgi venpowerf r
om
Godt odomi racles.Hewi tnessedandtaughti nthesy nagoguesoftheGreek–
speakingJews.
 Jewsf r
om t hissy nagoguewi t
hothersfr
om t hepr ovincesofAsiaandCi l
i
ciahad
toarguewi t
hSt ephenanddi dnotagreewi t
hhi steachi ngorhisi
nter
pret
ationof
theoldt estament .
 Theycoul dnotpr ovehim wronginanyoft heirargument sasheshowedwisdom
from t
heHol ySpi ri
t.
 Hi steachingemphasi zednewl i
feinChri
st,whof ulfi
ll
edt heMosaicLaw.
 Theyaccusedhi m, andbr i
bedpeopl et
omakef al
seaccusat ionst
hathewas
speakingagai nstMoses, t
hel awandthetempl e.

I
ncl
usion of Samar it
ans ( Acts8:1–25)
 TheApost les hear dofthebl essi
ngamongt heSamar i
tans,t
hei rtr
adit
ionalenemies
(peopleofmi xedr ace,halfJewish,halfAssy ri
an).Pet erandJohnwentt oassess
Phill
ip’
sMi ni
stry.Theypr ayedandpl acedt hehandsont hebeliev er
s.Godshowedhi s
acceptanceoft heSamar it
ansbygi vingthem t hegi f
toft heHol ySpiri
talso.
 Tot heSimont hesor cererwhodecei vedSamar i
tans byhi ssat anicpowersawt he
givi
ngoft heHol ySpiri
tbyj ustlayi
nghandsont hepeopl easawonder fulpower.
 Hewant edt obuyt hispowerf rom theApost l
es,andpr obabl
yt houghtofi tasa
magi cspell,
whichsor cerersboughtf rom eachot her.
 Peterwashor r
if
iedandt oldSi mont hat,unlesshet rulyrepented, heandhi smoney
woul dperi
shi nhell.ThenSi monbeggedhi mt opr ayforhim.

TheEthiopi
aneunuch(Acts8:26–40)
 TheEt hi
opi
ans Eunuchhadmadet hel
ongJour
neytoJerusalem t
oworshipandhi
s
shownasaGod–f earer,probabl
yconver
tedt
otheJewishfaitht
hroughJewswho
hadgonetotr
adeinEthiopia.
 Hehadboughtascr oll
oft heprophetI
sai
ahandwasreadi
ngi tasheret
urnedhome

[
Typet
ext
]Page63
 in hischar i
ot.Howev er,hecoul dnotunder st
andwhathewasr eadi
ng.
 Phi l
ipthrought hewor koft heHol ySpi r
itleftSamariaandgoal ongtheGazaroad.
Thespi r
ittoldhimtogoal ongsidet heEt hiopian’
scarri
age.
 ThemanaskedPhi li
ptoexpl ainthepassagehewasr eading(I
saiah53) .Phil
i
pbegan
from t
hisscriptureandtoldhi m goodnewsaboutJesus.
 Phil
iphadbeenf ait
hful
tot heLor d’sinstructi
ons.Thesi ghtofwat ersuggestedbapti
sm
totheEthiopianwhoconf essed f ait
hinChr i
st .SoPhil
lipbapt
izedhi m.
 TheEthiopiancont i
nuedonhi sway ,fullofjoy, passi
ngont hemessageoft heGospeli
n
Ethi
opia,andt heGospel spreadt ounl i
kely pl acesbecauseoftheobedi enceofoneof
theLord’
sdi scipl
es.

Pet
er’
sr ole( Acts10: 1–11: 18)
 AtnoonPet erwashungr yandwaswai ti
ngf orthemeal tobepr epared.
 Suddenl yhehadav i
sionandsawal ar gesheetupl i
keabag, cont ainingmanyki ndsof
animal s,reptilesandbi r
ds.
 Hewast oldtoki llsomeandeat , soher ef usedandsai d“ Ihav enev ereat enany thi
ng
thatisr i
tuallyuncl ean. ”
 Butt hev oiceofGodt oldhimt hathemustnotconsi derany thinguncl eanwhi chGodhas
made“ clean.Thi swasr epeat edt hreet imesandpet erwaspuzzl ed.
 Thensomenon- Jewi shmessenger sar r i
v edf r
om Cor neliust heGent il
e.Pet erwentt o
meett hem ast heHol ySpirithadwar nedhi m nott ohesi tatet ogowi tht hem ev en
thought heywer eGent il
es.
 Petert henwentdownandsai dt ot hemen.“ Iam t hemany ouar el ookingf or.Whyhav e
youcome? ”
 Afterhear ingaboutCor nel
ius’ v i
sion, Pet eragr eedt ogowi tht hem t oCaesar ea, andt hey
setoutt henextday .
 Theyf oundaf oundacr owdwai ti
ngt omeetPet eratt hehomeofCor nelius.They
want edt or eferPet erasaSuper iorbuthest oppedt hem, saying, ‘Imy selfam onl yaman.
 Peternowunder st oodt hev isionGodbeenshowi nghi , thathemustnott hinkofany
personasbei ngr ituall
yuncl ean, butmustgot owhom Godhassenthi m, forGod
showsnopar ti
ality.
 Thef actt hatt het wel veApost leshadwi t nessedt hel if
e, deat h,andt her esurrectionof
JesusChr i
st,wast heemphasi sofPet er ’smessage.
 Ast hesepeopl elistenedandbel ievedt heyr eceivedt heHol ySpi ritandasasi gnoft his
theybegant ospeaki nothert ongues, pr aisingGod.Thi sshowedt heJewi shbel ievers
whohadcomewi t
hPet erthatGodhadaccept edGent il
ebel iev ersint ohischur ch, since
hehadgi vent hem Hol ySpiritj ustashehadgi ventot heJews
 Peterchal l
engedj ustt heJewi shbel iev er swhower ewi thhi m andheedt heev i
dence,
thatGodhadshownhi sappr ov alofGent i
lef aithbygi v i
ngt hem t heHol ySpi r
italso.
Therewasnot hingt ohindert heirbei ngbapt isedjustast heJewshadbeenwhent hey
beli
ev ed.
 Ther esul tsofPet er’sdecisionwoul dbef el tthroughoutt heent irewor ldf orallthet i
me.
TheGent i
leswoul dbeaccept edasChr istianswi t
houtf ir
stbecomi ngJEWSby
cir
cumci sion.

PAUL’
SWI
TNESSTOPEOPLEOFVARI
OUSCULTURES

Saul
’
sconv
ersi
on(
Act
s9:1–19)

 Sauli
ncr
easedhi
sper
secuti
onofthechurch,impr
isoningmanyandexecut
ingother
s.
 I
nsteadofst
ampi
ngoutthe“Seat
,”t
heincreasedpersecut
ioncausedt
hebeli
everst
o

[
Typet
ext
]Page64
 scatter,pr eachingast heywent .TheGospel spreadt onewar eas.
 Saul hear dt hatthemov ementwasst rongi nDamascusi nSy ri
aandsoheaskedt hehi
gh
pri
estf orl ettersofi ntroduct i
ont ot hesy nagoguesi nt hatar ea.Thesel ett
erswoul dgive
Saul theaut hor it
yt osear choutt hesepeopl eof“ t
heway ”
.
 Ont her oadt oDamascus, thishar d–hear tedPhar i
seemetGod’ schal l
enge.
 Suddenl yt her ewasabl i
ndinglightandwasst ruckt ot hegr ound.Thenav oi
ceasked,
“Saul,Saul ,whyar ey ouper secutingme?Whyar ey ouki ckingagai nstyourconscience
andt hewor kingoft heHol ySpi ri
t?
 Saul thoughtt hismustbeGod’ sv oiceandt her eplycame, “Iam Jesus……………”Saul had
toident if
yt he“ Lor d‘(Jehov ahoft heOl dTest ament )wi t
h JesusofNazar ethwhom he
hadper secut edt hroughhi sfollower s.Her eal isedt hatt hecr ucif
iedJesuswasi ndeed
ali
veandabl et ocommuni catewi thpeopl e.
 Thet remendousshockoft hi
sr evelation,toget herwi ththebr ightli
ght,bli
ndedSaul .He
reali
sedhehadt ochangel oy al
tyt obeont hesi deofJesus.
 Threeday sofdar knessf ol
lowed.Anani asofDamascuswassentt ohelphim physical
l
y
andspi r
itually.Saul ’
s’ futur
ewor ki sthenr ev ealedt oAnani as.
 Anani asobey edandwentt oSaul andcal ledhi m, “brother ”showi nghimt hathenow
belongedt ot hepeopl ehehadbeenper secut i
ng.
 AsSaul ’
s’ phy si
cal sightr eturned, sohi sspi ri
tual “eyes”wer eopened.Hebegant o
“under standt heGospel ofJesusChr i
standwasbapt ised.

TheChur chatAnt ioch( Acts11: 19–26)

 Whenper secut ionst r
uckt hebeliev ersinJer usalem somef ledasf arasAnt iochand
continuedt opr eacht heGoodNewst here,butt oJewsonl y.
 OtherChr isti
ansf rom Cy prusandCy renear riv
edandpr eachedtoGr eek–speaki ng
Gentilesandgr eatnumber sbeliev ed,formi ngamul ti-r
acialchurch.
 Thisnewsr eachedt hechur chinJer usalem andt heysentBar nabast oseei fthiswasof
Godandt ogiv eanyhel pneeded.
 Barnabaswasf rom Cy prusandspokeGr eek.Heknewt hecultureoft hese.Heseeksout
Saulf rom Tar sust ohel phi ,
teach.Her ecogni sesSaul asamanwi thleadershipabili
ti
es
andadeepknowl edgeofscr ipt
ur es.
 SaulandBar nabaswor kedinAnt iochf oray earinawonder fulpartnershipofser vi
ce,
teachingi nthechur ch.
 ItwasatAnt iocht hatthef oll
ower sofChr i
stwer efi
rstcall
ed“ Chri
stians”.Manypeopl e
weret alki
ngaboutt herethatthepeopl eni ck–namedt hem”Chr i
stians”or‘ Chri
stones’
 Itwasi nAntiocht hatSaul beganhi sgreatwor ktocar r
ytheGoodNewst opeopl eof
manynat ions.

TheCounci latJerusal em –( Acts15:1- 35)

 The“ci rcumci sionpar ty”wasagr oupofJewswhoi nsist
edt hattobeat r
ueChr i
stian,
onef i
rsthadt obecomeaJewbybei ngcircumci sedkeepingal lthelawsofMoses.
Theyi nsi stedt heGent ileconvert
shadf ir
sttobecomebel i
eversinJudai sm.
 Someoft hesepeopl ecamet oAnt i
ochandt aughtthatunless onewasci r
cumci sed
andobey edt heLawofMoses, couldbesav ed.Paul andBar nabasar guedwiththem and
fi
nallyt hechur chsentPaul andot herstoJer usalem topresentt heproblem tothe
Apost lesandel ders.
 AfterPaul r
ecount edwhatGodhadbeendoi ngamongt heGent i
les,t
her ewasmuch
debat e.Pet erexpl ainedhowGodhadchosenhi mtogot otheGent i
lesandal so,how
Godhasshownt hatpeopl earesav edbyf aithinChrist,notbylaws.
 Theyal lagr eedt owr i
teal et
terandsendi ttot heGent i
l
eChr isti
ansthroughPaul ,and
Barnabas.
 Thel etterpoi ntedt hat:Theywer eadv isednott o:
(i
) Eatf oodof f er
edt oidols
(i
i) Eatordr inkblood

[
Typet
ext
]Page65
 (
ii
i) Eatanimalsthathadbeenstrangled,
kil
l
edbysnar i
ngort
hosenotbl
edproper
ly
accordi
ngtot heJewishlaw.
(
iv) Commi tsexualimmor al
i
ty
Theguidel
i
neswer enotmeantt omakeany oneaChrist
ian,
butsi
mplytohel
pChri
sti
ansof
Jewi
shorGent il
eracestol i
veatpeacewitheachother.

I
NCLUSI
ONOFDI
FFERENTRACESANDCULTURESI
NOTHERRELI
GIONS

I
slam inZambi a
 Islam isnotbasedont hecustomsortradi
tionsofanyonepar t
iculart
ri
be.
 Islam declaresit
selftobeauni v
ersali
deologyandmakesnodi scri
minati
ononthebasi
s
ofrace,Colourorlanguage.
 Anyper son,whodeclaresbeli
efintheIsl
ami ccreed,i
sent
itl
edt othesamer i
ght
sasany
otherMusl i
m.
 Musl im mar r
iagelaws,rel
i
giousbeli
efaboutpr ayert
imes,
andr it
ualsdif
fer
.

ZambianTraditi
onalBeli
ef
 All
humanbei ngsaretobetreat
edwithrespect.
 Thisbel
i
efunitespeopleandistobeobey edbyall
.
 All
whosubscr i
betosuchabel i
efar
ewel comeandhav
eequal
right
sanyot
herl
i
ke-
mindedpeople.

Christ
ianChur chesinZambi a
 Zambi anchurcheshav etheaim ofshar i
ngtheGoodnewsaboutChr i
stwit
hpeopl eof
otherraces.
 I
nmostchur ches,peoplefrom anytri
be, r
aceorcul t
urearewel comet ocomeandl isten
totheGoodNewsofJesusChr ist
.ManyChr i
stiansmakeittheirai
mt owit
nesstoot hers
whodonotat tendchurchser v
icesthisisveryimportant.
 Christ
ianstodayshoul dfol
lowt heexampl eoftheearlychurchbyr eachi
ngouttoot hers.
 Christ
ianstravel
ledallovertheknownwor l
dtopeopl eofdiffer
entracesandcul t
ures.No
onewast obeexcluded.Theyobey edt hecommandofJesus”Youshal l
bemywi t
ness
i
nJer usalem,inallJudeaandSamar i
aandt ot heendsoft heearth( Acts1:8)
.

Assessment

(
a)Rel atethest oryofPaul andSi l
ascast i
ngthedemonf rom t
heslave
gi
rl.
(
b)Whywer ePaul andSilaspersecutedaf t
erthi
sinci
dence?Stat
etwo
points.
(
c)Al ocal authorit
yt i
restobant hechur chaccusingt
hemember sof
beingpar t
isan.WhatChr i
sti
anadv i
cewoul dy ougi
vetotheChurch.
Statet hreepoint s.
(
d)Stat eonesi mil
ar i
tyandonedi ff
erencebet weenChri
sti
ani
tyandIsl
am
withr egardt otheirteachi
ngonper secuti
on.

[
Typet
ext
]Page66
UNI
T16:CHRI
STI
ANWI
TNESSI
NG
WI
TNESSI
NGI
NTHEFACEOFOPPOSI
TION

Reasonsf
orper
secut
ionoft
heapost
lesPet
erandJohn(
Act
s3:1-
26)

 Theapost
lesbecamepopul
arasar
esul
tofheal
i
ngt
hel
ameman.

 Theapostl
eswer
ebl
amedf
orassumi
ngt
heaut
hor
it
yoft
her
eli
giousl
eader
sand
teacher
s.

 Thei
rpreachi
ngaboutt
her
esur
rect
ionanger
edt
heSadducees,
whodi
dnotbel
i
evei
n
l
if
eafterdeat
h.

Ther
eact
ions

[
Typet
ext
]Page67
  Theapost
lesshowedrespectt
otheJewishl
eadersandr
ecogni
zedt
hatt
hese
l
eader
shadbeengiventhejobofjudgi
nginr
eli
giousmat
ter
s.

 Theywer
eunaf
rai
dandbol
dlypr
eachedt
hegospel
tot
hel
eader
s.

 Theycommi
tt
edt
hewhol
epr
obl
em t
oGodi
npr
ayer
.

Per
secut
ionofSt
ephenandPaul

a)St
ephen(
Act
s6:
8-15,
7:1-
8:1)

 Stephenwaspersecut
edbecausetheJewscouldnotwi
thstandt
hewisdom whi
ch
theHolySpi
ri
tgavehiminhisanswerswhentheytr
iedt
oarguepubl
i
clywit
hhim.

 StephenusedJewishhi
stor
ytoshowhowt heJewi
shhowt
heJewshadbeen
rebel
li
ngagainstGodi
nthepast
,justast
heywerenow.

 Stephenhowevershowedanatt
it
udeofloveandfor
giv
enesst
owar
dshi
s
persecut
orsi
nspiteofwhatt
heyweredoingtohi
m.

 Hef
ir
stofal
lcal
mlyexpl
ainedwhathehadpr
eached.

b)Saul(
Act
s9:23-
30)

 Aft
erbecomingaChr
ist
ianhi
msel
f,Saul
orPaul
ashewasl
aterknown,
was
per
secuted.

 Henev
eral
l
owedhi
msel
ftobedi
scour
agedbyper
secut
ion.

Opposi
ti
onatPhi
ll
ip(
Act
s16:16-
30)

 Ay
oungwomanpossessedbyademonf
oll
owedPaul
andSi
l
as.

 Thedemoni
nherknewwhot
hesemenwer
e.

 Thi
swasanef
for
tofSat
ant
oopposet
hewor
kofGod.

 Paul
andSi
l
ascastoutt
hedemonoft
hey
oungerwoman.

 Theydr
aggedPaul
andSi
l
ast
othemar
ketpl
acewer
ethel
ocal
magi
str
atepr
esi
ded.

 TheMagi
str
atewasper
suadedbyt
hecr
owdwi
thoutl
ooki
ngi
ntot
hemat
ter
.

 Paul
andSi
l
aswer
ebeat
enwi
thr
odsont
hei
rbacks.

React
ionsoft
heApost
les

 Whenf
ir
stopposedbyt
hedemonpossessedwoman,
theyj
usti
gnor
ed.

 Paul
nev
erwentoutl
ooki
ngf
orpeopl
ewi
thdemonsi
nor
dert
ocastt
hem.

 I
npr
ison,
theapost
lespr
ayedandr
ejoi
ced,
andsangsongsofpr
aise.

 Theearthquakewhi
chfol
l
owed,
andt
heconv
ersi
onoft
hej
ail
er,
bri
ngsoutt
het
rut
h
thatGodwaswi t
hthem.

[
Typet
ext
]Page68
Opposi
ti
onatLy
str
a(Act
s14:8-
12)

 Thepeopl
eofLyst
rami
sunder
stoodt
heGospel
andmi
stookPaul
andBar
nabasf
or
heat
hengods.

 TheJewsi
nfl
uencedt
heGent
il
esi
nLy
str
aunt
ili
nthei
rfur
y,t
heyst
onedPaul
.

 PaulandBarnabasl
eftt
heci
tyt
henextday
,notwant
ingt
ofor
cepeopl
etor
ecei
ve
theGospel

VARI
OUSPRSECUTI
ONSFACEDBYTHEAPOSTLES

a)Per
secut
ionbyHer
odAgr
ippaI(
Act
s12:1-
24)

 TheJewshatedHerodappoi
ntedbytheRomans.Hewasalwaysl
ooki
ngf
orway
s
andmeanstopleaset
hem sothathecoul
drul
etheJewseasi
ly
.

 Whenher eal
i
zedt
hatt
heJewsal
sohat
edChr
ist
ians,
hear
rest
edJamesandhad
hi
m beheaded.

React
ionsoft
heapost
les

 TheChr
isti
anreact
iont
othi
sper
secut
ionwast
ousewast
ouset
hegr
eat
estweapon
ofal
l–prayer
.

 Godst
ruckHer
oddowni
npubl
i
candhedi
edanagoni
zi
ngdeat
h.

b)Opposi
ti
onf
rom Jewi
shMagi
cian(
Act
s13:
4-11)

 El
ymaswasaJewi
shmagi
cianandaf
orcepr
ophetwhopr
etendedt
oleadpeopl
ein
God’
sways.

 BecauseSatancontrol
l
edhim,andpossi
blybecausehethoughthemightl
osehis
posit
ionandinf
luenceift
hepr
oconsulbecameaChr i
sti
an,heopposedPauland
Barnabas.

PAUL’
SREACTI
ONS:

 Paulrebukedhi
m publi
clyandexposedhi
m ofwhather
eal
l
ywas-
nota‘
’
sonof
Jesus’’
buta‘’
sonofthedev i
l
.’
’

 Publi
clyexposi
ngaper
sonforwhather
eal
l
yiswasacommonl
yusedi
nAct
stof
ight
oppositi
on.(Act
s822,5:
4)

CHRI
STI
ANSREACTI
ONTOPERSECUTI
ONTODAY

 I
gnor
etheper
secut
ors

 Pr
ayf
ort
heper
secut
ors

 Pr
ayf
orgui
danceandst
rengt
hfr
om God

 Rej
oice

[
Typet
ext
]Page69
  Cal
mlyexpl
aint
hesi
tuat
ion.

REACTI
ONSTOPERSECUTI
ONI
NOTHERRELI
GIONS

HI
NDUI
SM

 Hi
ndui
sm i
sbasedonl
ove,
tol
eranceandf
orgi
veness.

 Toat
rueHi
nduper
secut
ioni
snotar
eal
def
eat
.

I
SLAM

 I
slam i
sav
erymi
l
itantr
eli
gion.Anyopposi
ti
oni
sdeal
tinav
iol
etway
.

 Thenon-v
iol
ater
eacti
oncanbel
ookeduponasaweakness,
andal
soasbei
ng
unf
ait
hfult
othei
rrel
i
gion.

 TheQur
anencour
agesr
evengeaf
terper
secut
ion.

 TheMusli
m bel
i
evesthathisli
fe,pr
oper
tyandever
ythi
ngelsebel
ongt
oGodand
All
ahdecr
eesever
ythingthathappensevenper
secuti
on.

Rel
igi
ousCompar
isononPer
secut
ion

a)Chr
ist
iani
tyVsI
slam

Si
mil
ari
ti
es:

 Bot
hreactt
oper
secut
ions.

Di
ff
erences:

Chr
ist
iani
ty-I
gnor
etheper
secut
ors.

I
slam-TheQur
anencour
agesr
evenge.

Chr
ist
iani
ty-Pr
ayf
ort
heper
secut
ors.

I
slam-Anyper
secut
ioni
sdeal
twi
thi
nav
iol
entway
.

Chr
ist
iani
ty-
Prayf
orgui
danceandst
rengt
hfr
om Godr
ejoi
ceandcal
mlyexpl
aint
hesi
tuat
ion

Chr
ist
iani
tyVsZambi
anTr
adi
ti
onal
Rel
igi
on

Si
mil
ari
ti
es:

 Bot
hhav
eadi
scussi
onont
hei
ssuei
nor
dert
oar
ri
veatal
ast
ingsol
uti
on.

 Bot
hgettheconsensusoft
hepar
ti
esi
nvol
vedi
nconf
li
ctsoast
oreachanagr
eeabl
e
sol
uti
on.

Di
ff
erences:

Chr
ist
iani
ty-
Theyr
efert
oScr
ipt
uref
ort
het
eachi
ngconcer
ningt
hesi
tuat
ion.

[
Typet
ext
]Page70
Z.T.
R-Therei
sagobet
weensoast
oassi
stt
hepar
ti
esconcer
nedt
ofi
ndawayofr
esol
vi
ng
theconf
li
cts.

Chr
isti
anity
-Ther
eisalwaysScr
ipt
ural
counsel
l
ingt
ohel
ppeopl
einconf
li
ctt
ofi
ndt
he
spi
ri
tualsol
uti
ontotheprobl
em.

Z.
T.R-Thosefoundguil
tyar
emadet
oapol
ogi
zeorpaydamagest
otheot
herpar
tywi
th
whom theywereinconf
li
ct.

Chr
ist
iani
tyVsZ.
T.R

Si
mil
ari
ti
es:

 Bot
hexpectev
ery
onet
owor
k

 Bot
hwor
ktof
eedt
hei
rfami
l
ies

 Bot
hbel
i
evet
hatnegl
ectofwor
kleadst
olackoff
oodandshel
ter
.

Di
ff
erences:

Chri
sti
ani
ty-
Thi
sshoul
dbeofi
ntegr
it
y,di
l
igence,
co-oper
ati
on,
punct
ual
i
ty,
rel
i
abi
l
ityand
honest
.

Z.T.R:
Ever
yonewasexpect
edt
owor
kfr
om chi
l
dhoodt
oadul
thoodwi
thsuper
visi
onand
teachi
ng.

Chr
ist
iani
tyVsHi
ndui
sm

Si
mil
ari
ty:

 Bot
hhav
eanoppor
tuni
tyofal
eisur
eti
me.

 Bot
hspendt
imer
elaxi
ngandr
est
ing

 Bot
hspendt
hei
rti
mev
isi
ti
ngf
ri
ends.

Di
ff
erences:

Chri
sti
anity-Thedayi
sobser
vedasadayofr
estandr
elaxat
ion,
andhasar
eli
gious
si
gnif
icance.

Hi
ndui
sm-Lei
sur
eoppor
tuni
tyhasnor
eli
gioussi
gni
fi
cance.

[
Typet
ext
]Page71
UNI
T3:
LIFEI
NTHEEARLYCHURCH
Causesofconf
li
ctsamongpeopl
e

 Mi
sunder
standi
ngt
hroughl
ackofcommuni
cat
ion.

 Unwi
l
li
ngnesst
oseeanot
herper
son’
spoi
ntofv
iew.

 Fai
l
uret
odi
scusssi
tuat
ionsf
rom al
langl
es.

 Bei
ngdogmat
icandnotbei
ngpr
epar
edt
ogi
vewayi
nagi
vensi
tuat
ion.

 Vi
olat
ionofst
ri
ctpr
inci
plesonmor
ali
ssues.

 Jeal
ousi
es

 Pr
ide

Char
act
eri
sti
csofcommuni
tyl
if
eint
heear
lychur
ch

 Newconv
ert
swer
ewi
l
li
ngt
olear
nthet
eachi
ngsofChr
istt
hrought
heApost
les.

 Spentmuchoft
hei
rti
met
oget
herandt
hei
rfel
l
owshi
pwer
ewar
m wi
thoutdi
scor
dor
st
rif
e.

 Pr
ayerwasanot
herchar
act
eri
sti
c.

 TheChurchhadahol
yreverenceforGodastheysawmir
acl
esbei
ngper
for
medi
n
thenameofJesusChr
ist
,throughtheapost
leswhower
ewithhi
m.

[
Typet
ext
]Page72
  Theygener
ousl
yshar
edt
hei
rpossessi
onssot
hatnoonel
ackedmat
eri
alneeds.

 Theycont
inual
l
ywor
shi
ppedGodi
ntheTempl
ewi
thpr
aiseandt
hanksgi
vi
ngf
orhi
s
mightwor
ks.

 Thewarmthofthei
rdai
lyf
ellowshi
pint
hei
rhomesext
endedt
othecommuni
ty
out
sideandot
hersjoi
nedthem.

Pr
obl
emsi
ntheear
lychur
ch

 Cor
rupt
ionwi
thi
ntheChur
ch(Act
s5:
1-11,
8:9-
24)

 Apr
obl
em ofadmi
nist
rat
ion(6:
1-7)

 Bar
nabasandPaul
(Act
s9:
22-
30)

 I
ncl
usi
onofGent
il
es(Act
s15:
1-21,
24-
29,
21:
35)

RESOLVI
NGPROBLEMSAMONGCHRI
STI
AN

Pr
obl
emsi
ntheChr
ist
ianchur
cht
oday

 Doct
ri
nal
dif
fer
encesbet
weenmember
soft
heChur
ch.

 Compet
it
ionf
orl
eader
shi
pposi
ti
onsi
ntheChur
ch.

 Mi
smanagementoft
heChur
chf
undsbyt
hosei
nleader
shi
p.

 Rumourmonger
ingamongbel
i
ever
s.

 Par
ti
ali
tyi
ndi
sci
pli
ningwr
ong-
doer
sint
heChur
ch.

 Per
sonal
i
tycl
ashesamongl
eader
s.

 Chur
chspl
i
tti
ngandsheepst
eal
i
ng.

 Notr
ecogni
zi
ngt
hel
abour
sofot
herl
eader
sint
heChur
ches

Resol
vi
ngpr
obl
ems

 Thr
oughunder
standi
ngoft
hepr
obl
ems.

 Mut
ual
discussi
onoft
hepr
obl
em.

 Commi
tt
ingi
ttoGodi
npr
ayer

 Ref
err
ingf
ort
het
eachi
ngconcer
ningt
hesi
tuat
ion.

 Leader
shi
paddr
essi
ngt
hedoct
ri
nesi
nquest
ioncar
eful
l
y.

 Openr
ebuket
othecul
pri
ts.

 Aski
ngt
hecul
pri
tst
ost
epdownf
rom l
eader
shi
pposi
ti
onsf
orser
iouscasessuchas

[
Typet
ext
]Page73
 adul
ter
yandmi
suseoff
unds.

 Scri
ptur
alcounsel
l
ingt
ohel
ppeopl
einconf
li
ctst
ofi
ndt
hespi
ri
tual
sol
uti
ont
othei
r
probl
ems.

HowZambi
ant
radi
ti
onandChr
ist
iani
tysol
vet
hei
rpr
obl
ems

a)Zambi
anTr
adi
ti
on

 Hav
ingdi
scussi
onsont
hei
ssuei
nor
dert
oar
ri
veatal
ast
ingsol
uti
on.

 Getti
ngtheconsensusofthepart
iesinconf
li
ctt
hroughago-bet
ween,
soast
o
reachneut
ralandagreeabl
esolut
ions.

 I
ncaseofdeat
h,di
vi
nat
ionwasdone,
andr
evengewassought
.

 Bei
ngwill
ingt
ogivet
ogivethestat
ementsastheyoccur
redsoast
oassi
stt
he
medi
ator
st of
indawayofresol
vi
ngtheconfl
i
cts.

Chr
ist
iani
ty

 Hav
ingacl
earunder
standi
ngoft
hepr
obl
em.

 Mut
ual
discussi
ons

 Commi
tt
ingt
hepr
obl
em t
oGodt
hroughpr
ayer
.

 Ref
err
ingt
orel
evantscr
ipt
ures.

 Gi
vi
ngbr
other
lyandGodl
ycounsel
tot
hepeopl
einconf
li
ct.

Rel
igi
ousCompar
isononResol
vi
ngConf
li
cts

Chr
ist
iani
tyVsZambi
anTr
adi
ti
onal
Rel
igi
on

Si
mil
ari
ti
es:

 Bot
hhav
eadi
scussi
onont
hei
ssuei
nor
dert
oar
ri
veatal
ast
ingsol
uti
on.

 Bot
hgettheconsensusoft
hepar
ti
esi
nvol
vedi
nconf
li
ctsoast
oreachanagr
eeabl
e
sol
uti
on.

Di
ff
erences:

Chr
ist
iani
ty-Theyr
efert
oScr
ipt
uref
ort
het
eachi
ngconcer
ningt
hesi
tuat
ion.

Z.T.
R-Therei
sagobet
weensoast
oassi
stt
hepar
ti
esconcer
nedt
ofi
ndawayofr
esol
vi
ng
t
heconfli
cts.

Chr
isti
anity
-Ther
eisalwaysScr
ipt
ural
counsel
l
ingt
ohel
ppeopl
einconf
li
ctt
ofi
ndt
he
spi
ri
tualsol
uti
ontotheprobl
em.

Z.
T.R-Thosef
oundgui
l
tyar
emadet
oapol
ogi
zeorpaydamagest
otheot
herpar
tywi
th

[
Typet
ext
]Page74
whom t
heywer
einconf
li
ct.

Assessment
QUESTION1

(
a)Giveanaccountofhowt
heapost
lesr
ecei
vedt
heHol
ySpi
ri
tont
heof
Pentecost
.

(b)Bef
oretheearl
ychur
chhadanumberoff
act
orsonwhi
cht
her
esegr
egat
ionwasbased.
Stat
ethreeofthem.

(
c)Circumci si
onwasonei mport
antf
act
orthatmadepeopl etobecl
osert
o
therel
igionoftheJews.Whattwothi
ngsmeantt hatallt
hepeopl
ewho
camef rom thesur
roundingar
easwhereaccept
edi nthechur
ch?

(d)St
atetwodi
ff
icul
ti
esl
i
kel
ytohappeni
nrel
ati
onshi
psofpeopl
eofdi
ff
erentl
anguages
andcult
ure.

[
Typet
ext
]Page75
UNI
T4:
CHRI
STI
ANSATTI
TUDESTOWORK
Reasonswhypeopl
ewor
k

 Feedt
hemsel
vesandt
hei
rfami
l
ies.

 Ear
nmoneyt
opur
chasef
ood,
homesandot
hernecessi
ti
es.

 Passt
imeandbeoccupi
ed.

 Gi
vepr
est
ige.

 Meetpeopl
eandt
ogett
oget
herwi
thot
her
s

 Ear
nmoneyt
oaccumul
atepossessi
on.

Peopl
ehav
edi
ff
erentgi
ft
stohel
pthem wor
k

 Godhascr
eat
edus(Chri
sti
ans)tol
iveal
i
fewhi
chpl
easesHi
m.Hehasal
ready
pr
epar
edgooddeedsf
orust odo.(
Eph2:
10)

 Wemustwor
kforourf
ood.

 Eachonei
sgi
venat
alent(
nat
ural
abi
l
ity
)byGod.

Par
abl
eoft
het
alent
s(Mt25:14-
30)

Meani
ngoft
hepar
abl
e

 Wear
eent
rust
edwi
tht
alent
s.Ev
ery
onehasbeengi
venone.

 We ar
egi
vent
alent
saccor
dingt
oourownabi
l
ityt
ouset
hem.

 Thereshal
lbea‘’
dayofreckoni
ng‘
’wer
eweshal
lber
equi
redt
oaccountf
ort
heuse
oftal
entsandabi
l
iti
es.

 Mor
eresponsi
bil
i
tyi
sgiv
entothosewhodev
elopt
hei
rtal
ent
s.Thosewhof
ail
touse
t
hem wi
lll
oosewhatt
heyhad.

 Godusesournat
ural
abi
li
ti
es,devel
opi
ngt
hem aswesur
rendert
hem t
ohi
mfor
gui
dancei
nourworkandcareer
s.

Reasonsf
orwor
kasf
oundi
ntheBi
ble

 Wor
kwaspar
tofGod’
sor
igi
nal
pur
poseofman(Gen1:
28-
28,
2:15)

[
Typet
ext
]Page76
  I
fmostpeopl
ecanf
indempl
oyment
,iti
sof
tenasi
gnofGod’
sbl
essi
ngandappr
oval
.

 Unempl
oymenti
nanat
ionmaybeasi
gnofGod’
sJudgmentZech8:
9-12

Bi
blet
eachi
ngs

 God’
sor
igi
nal
pur
pose,
Gen1:
26-
28.

 Wor
kwasappoi
ntedf
orsi
xday
s.Thesev
ent
hdaywast
hedayofr
est
.Gen2:
1-3

 Godi
ntendedmant
ofi
ndj
obenj
oyabl
e.Eccl
5:18-
20

 Incent
ivesfordai
l
ywork;-
tobuyf
ood,
prov
erbs16:
26andt
obui
l
dahomeand
sustai
ni t–Pr
over
bs24:27

 Wor
kwaspar
tofGod’
spl
anf
ort
hesuppor
tofhumanr
ace–Pr
ov27:
25-
22

Chr
ist
ianpur
posesf
orwor
kint
heNewTest
ament

 Wor
kisnotmeantt
obeameansofgai
ningpossessi
ons.Luke12:
13-
34

 Ev
ery
oneshoul
dwor
kwi
tht
heai
m ofbei
ngabl
etohel
pot
her
s.

 Paul
say
swor
kisencour
agedsot
hatev
ery
onemayear
nhi
sownl
i
ving

 Wor
kisanobl
i
gat
ion.

 Thosewhoworkhar
dshoul
dnotf
eedt
hosewhodonotwor
k,orr
efuset
owor
k
(Thess3:
10-
12).

 Bywor
kingandear
ningmoney
,wecanbeabl
etohel
pourpar
ent
s.

 Bydoi
ngdif
ferentki
ndsofwork,peopl
ehav etheoppor
tuni
tyt
ocontr
ibut
etot
heli
fe
andwel
far
eoft hecommunit
yt ocontr
ibut
et othel
if
eandwelfar
eofthecommuni
ty
i
nmanydiff
erentways.

ALLWORKERSSHOULDBERESPECTED

Bi
blet
eachi
ngs

 TheBibl
eteachest
hatal
lwor
ker
scont
ri
but
etot
hewel
far
eofsoci
etyandt
her
efor
e
deser
verespect
.

 Manual
wor
kisusual
l
ydespi
sed,
butt
hebi
blecommandsust
owor
kwi
thourhands.

 Wemustmakeuseofourt
alent
slar
georsmal
l
.

 Ev
eninsuchjobs(manualwork)Chri
sti
ancommitmenti
ncr
easesone’
sabi
l
iti
esand
maywel
lleadtoincr
easedrespectf
rom ot
her
s,andtopr
omotion.

CONFLI
CTSOVERWORKVALUES

Bi
bli
cal
teachi
ngont
heexpl
oit
ati
onofwor
ker
s

 TheBi
blecl
ear
lysay
sthatawor
kerdeser
veshi
spayandmustbegi
vei
t,Luke10:
7.

[
Typet
ext
]Page77
  Expl
oit
ati
onofwor
ker
siswr
ong.

 Havi
ngagr
eedt
oawage,
theempl
oyeeshoul
dnotaf
ter
war
dsar
guewi
thhi
s
empl
oyer
s.

 Theempl
oyeeshoul
dbeobedi
entandgi
vet
hebestser
viceheorshecanof
fer
.

WagesandSal
ari
es

 Mostemploy
mentsi
nZambiahav
efi
xedwagescal
e,setbyt
heGov
ernmentand
agr
eeduponbyt
radeUni
ons.

 Anychangesofwagesaredonebyt
hePubl
i
cSer
viceCommi
ssi
onappoi
ntedand
suppor
tedbytheGover
nment.

 TheChr
ist
ianst
andonsal
ari
esandwagesmustbej
ustandf
air
.

DI
SPUTES

Jesus’
teachi
ngf
orChr
ist
ianBehav
iouri
nconf
li
ctov
erwor
kval
ues

Thepar
abl
eoft
hewor
ker
sint
hev
iney
ard–Mat20:
1-16

 Wheret her
eareconfl
ict
soverwor
kv al
uesorwages,aChri
sti
anshouldreacti
na
Chri
stianway,t
hatiswit
hpati
ence,humil
it
y,l
ove,
inqui
tedi
alogue,notbei
ngself
ish
orgreed,1Pet
er2:18.

 Johnt
heBapt
istt
oldt
hesol
dier
stobecont
entwi
tht
hei
rpay
,Luke3:
14.

ATTI
TUDETOWORKI
NZAMBI
ATODAY

Di
ff
erentat
ti
tudest
owar
dswor
k

 Lackofi
nter
esti
nthej
ob.Nopur
posei
nli
fe

 Tosuppor
tthef
ami
l
y.

 Tohav
emat
eri
alpossessi
ons

 Togai
npr
est
ige

 Tomeetpeopl
eandt
ogett
oget
herwi
thot
her
s.

ATTI
TUDETOWARDSWORKI
NCHRI
STI
ANI
TYANDOTHERRELI
GIONS

a)Zambi
anTr
adi
ti
on

 Everyonewasexpect
edt
owor
kfr
om chi
l
dhoodt
oadul
thoodwi
thsuper
visi
onand
teaching.

 Negl
ecti
nwor
kingr
esul
tedi
nlackoff
oodandshel
ter
.

 Ther
earemanypr ov
erbs,
whi
chi
l
lust
rat
etheneedt
owor
ke.
g.‘
’
ify
oudon’
twantt
o
workyoucannoteat
.’
’

[
Typet
ext
]Page78
b)Hi
ndu

 Wor
kisasour
ceofhappi
ness.

 ‘
Thoushoul
ddot
hyal
l
ott
edt
askf
orwor
kissuper
iort
oidl
eness’
(TheBhagav
ad
Gi
ta3:
8)

 Wi
thoutwor
kev
ent
hemai
ntenanceofy
ourbodyi
simpossi
ble.

c)Musl
im

 TheQur
ancommandspeopl
etowor
k.Ther
eisnodi
srespectf
ormanual
wor
ker
s.

 Lazi
nessi
snotencour
agedatal
l
.

d)Chr
ist
iani
ty

 Chri
sti
ansatti
tudetoworkshoul
dbeoneofi nt
egri
ty,
dil
i
genceco-
oper
ati
on,
punct
uali
ty,
reli
abil
i
tyandhonestEph4:
28and6:5-
9

 Wor
kshoul
dbedonet
otheGl
oryofGod1cor10:
31.

Rel
igi
ousCompar
isonsont
het
eachi
ngonAt
ti
tudet
owar
dsWor
k

Chr
ist
iani
tyVsZ.
T.R

Si
mil
ari
ti
es:

 Bot
hexpectev
ery
onet
owor
k.

 Bot
hwor
ktof
eedt
hei
rfami
l
ies.

 Bot
hbel
i
evet
hatnegl
ectofwor
kleadst
olackoff
oodandshel
ter
.

Di
ff
erences:

Chri
sti
ani
ty-Thi
sshoul
dbeofi
ntegr
it
y,di
l
igence,
co-oper
ati
on,
punct
ual
i
ty,
rel
i
abi
l
ityand
honest
.

Z.T.R-Every
onewasexpect
edt
owor
kfr
om chi
l
dhoodt
oadul
thoodwi
thsuper
visi
onand
teaching.

Assessment

(
a)Rel
atePaul
’
steachi
ngt
oTi
mot
hyonwor
k.

(
b)Gi
vet
hreeOl
dTest
amentr
easonsf
orwor
k.

(
c)Duri
ngaChri
sti
anRel
i
giousl
esson,y
ourteacherasksy
ourdeskmat e
Whatt
ypeofj
obhewouldwanttodoaft
erschoolandhesays;dr
ivi
ng.

[
Typet
ext
]Page79
 Thissendsthewhol
eclassint
olaught
er.Encour
agethef
ri
endwhohas
beenlaughedatt
hatal
ljobsarei
mportant.Stat
ethr
eepoint
s.

(d)Stat
eonesi
mil
ari
tyandonedif
fer
encebet
weenChr
ist
iani
tyandZambi
aTr
adi
ti
onal
Reli
gionont
hei
rat
ti
tudetowork.

UNI
T 5:CHRI
STI
ANATTI
TUDETOLEI
SURE
LEI
SUREI
NZAMBI
ATODAY

[
Typet
ext
]Page80
BI
BLI
CALREASONSFORTHELEI
SURE

 God’
spur
posef
ormanf
rom t
hebegi
nni
ngwast
ohav
eonedayofr
estoutofsev
en.

 Lei
sur
egi
vesanoppor
tuni
tyf
ormant
owor
shi
pGod.

USEOFLEI
SUREI
NTHEBI
BLE

 Anoppor
tuni
tyf
orr
est
,recr
eat
ionandr
efr
eshment
s

 Forpr
aisi
ngandwor
shi
pingGod

 Formeet
ingf
ri
endsandr
elaxi
ngwi
tht
hef
ami
l
y.

 Fordoi
ngwel
l
.

CHRI
STI
ANBEHAVI
OURI
NLEI
SURETI
MEACTI
VITI
ES

Zambi
anChr
ist
ian’
slei
sur
eti
me

 Chr
ist
iansmustav
oidt
hingswhi
char
enotgoodf
ort
hem.

 Chri
sti
ansmustavoi
dcer
tai
nthi
ngswhi
chmayl
eadaweakerbr
otherorsi
steri
nto
si
n,1Corint
h8:9-
12

 Chri
sti
ansmustconsi
derhowt
ousel
eisur
eti
mewi
sel
y-
inway
swhi
chwi
l
lhonour
God.

PROPOSEDPLANFORACHRI
STI
AN’
SLEI
SURE

 Rest
ing,t
alki
ngwit
hfri
ends,
inv
olv
ementi
nChr
ist
ianact
ivi
ti
essuchasChur
ch
ser
vicesandyoungpeopl
e’
swork.

 AChr i
sti
anmustrememberthatal
lthei
rti
meisgiv
enbyGod,andt
heyar
ether
efor
e
accountabl
etoGodhowtheyusetheirt
imeincl
udi
ngl
eisur
e.

LEI
SURETI
ME–DI
FFI
CULTSI
TUATI
ONS

 Shoul
daChr
ist
ianpupi
lref
uset
oat
tendpr
epdur
ingSunday
sorSat
urday
s?

 Shoul
daChri
sti
anpayent
ert
ainmentf
eeatschool
inor
dert
oat
tendt
ofi
l
m shows
andatt
endDi
scos?

 Shoul
daChr
ist
ianmi
ssScr
ipt
ureUni
onBi
blest
udymeet
ingsi
nor
dert
ospendt
ime
rev
isi
ng?

 A Chr
ist
ianf
oot
bal
l
ert
opl
aygamesonSunday
s.

LEI
SUREI
NOTHERRELI
GION

a)Zambi
anTr
adi
ti
ons

 Lei
sur
eti
mecameatt
heendoft
heday
’swor
k.

 Ther
ewasnopar
ti
cul
ardayofr
est
.Ther
ewer
etaskst
hathadt
obedoneev
ery
day
.

[
Typet
ext
]Page81
  Int
heirl
eisur
eti
me,
Chi
l
drenwentoutand‘
’
play
edatf
ami
l
ies’
‘anddai
l
yli
vi
ng
act
ivi
ti
es.

 Lei
surewasusedf
orr
est
ingf
rom wor
k,chat
ti
ng,
visi
ti
ngr
elat
ivespl
ayi
nggames
andfeast
ing.

b)Hi
ndu

 Opport
unit
iesf
orl
eisur
ecameout
sidewor
kinghour
sandatweekends,
especi
all
yon
Sat
urdays.

 Lei
sur
eacti
vit
iesincl
ude;spendi
ngt
imewi
tht
hef
ami
l
y,v
isi
ti
ngf
ri
ends,
orot
her
pl
acesandrel
axingatthepicni
c.

c)I
slam

 Oppor
tuni
ti
esf
orl
eisur
eoccur
redout
sidewor
kinghour
s,andatweekends(
Zambi
a).

 Beerdr
inki
ngandi
mmor
alci
nemashowsar
efor
biddeni
nIsl
ami
claw.

 Lei
sur
eacti
vi
ti
esi
ncl
udespendi
ngt
imewi
tht
hei
rfr
iendsorpl
aces,
andpar
ti
cipat
ion
i
nsport
s.

Rel
igi
ousCompar
isonont
heChr
ist
ianAt
ti
tudest
oLei
sur
e

Chr
ist
iani
tyVsHi
ndui
sm

Si
mil
ari
ty:

 Bot
hhav
eanoppor
tuni
tyofal
eisur
eti
me.

 Bot
hspendt
imer
elaxi
ngandr
est
ing.

 Bot
hspendt
hei
rti
mev
isi
ti
ngf
ri
ends.

Di
ff
erences:

Chri
sti
anity-Thedayi
sobser
vedasadayofr
estandr
elaxat
ion,
andhasar
eli
gious
si
gnif
icance.

Hi
ndui
sm-Lei
sur
eoppor
tuni
tyhasnor
eli
gioussi
gni
fi
cance.

[
Typet
ext
]Page82
UNI
T6:
CHRI
STI
ANATTI
TUDESTOMONEYANDPOSSESSI
ONS
ATTI
TUDESTOMONEYANDPOSSESSI
ONSI
NZAMBI
A

Money
:

 Sav
emont
hlyf
ora‘
’
rai
nday
.’
’

 Usei
twi
sel
ybyi
nvest
ingi
t.

 Usei
tonf
ami
l
y’sbasi
cneeds.

 Wast
eitont
hei
rownpl
easur
esandsel
fi
shdesi
res.

 Gambl
eit
,ri
ski
ngt
hei
rmoneyont
hechanceofi
ncr
easi
ngi
t.

Possessi
ons:

 Meansofpr
est
ige.

 Meansofshowi
ngof
f.

 Per
sonal
dev
elopment
.

 Pr
omot
ingGod’
swor
k.

Bi
bli
cal
teachi
ngonat
ti
tudest
oWeal
thandPossessi
ons

 Expl
oit
ati
onoft
hepoorandt
heneedy
.

 Di
srespectofJewi
shf
est
ival
s.

 Useofdi
shonestwei
ght
sandscal
es.

 Buy
ingpeopl
eassl
aves.

Jesus’
viewsonwr
ongat
ti
tudes

 Gr
eedandcov
etousness.

 Lazi
nessandt
aki
ngl
i
feeasy
.

[
Typet
ext
]Page83
  Enj
oyi
ngsel
fi
shpl
easur
ese.
g.beerdr
inki
ng.

 Youcannotser
veGodandmoney
.

 Lov
eofmoneyi
sthebegi
nni
ngofmanyev
il
sinaper
son’
sli
fe,
1Ti
m 6:
10.

Bi
bli
cal
teachi
ngont
heuseofWeal
th

 Ri
chescomef
rom Godandshoul
dbeconsi
der
edasbel
ongi
ngt
ohi
m.

 Weal
thshoul
dbeusedt
ohel
pthepoor
.(Mar
k10:
21-
27)

 Weal
thmustbeusedt
odogoodandshar
edwi
thot
her
s.1Ti
m 6:
17-
19.

God’
sjudgmentonwr
onguseofMoney
-James5:1-
6.

 Jamesgiv
esthewarni
ngtother
icht
hatt
heywi
l
lloseev
ery
thi
ngi
ftheyhav
e
expl
oit
edthei
rempl
oyees.

 Godwi
l
lnotf
orgett
hei
rev
ildeeds,
butwi
l
lpuni
sht
hem.Amos8;
7.

 Godmayr
equi
ret
hem t
ogi
veupt
hei
rli
ves.

 Godmaybr
ingt
othem r
uinanddest
ruct
ion.

Chr
ist
ianbehav
iouri
nsi
tuat
ionsconcer
ningmoney

Chr
ist
ianst
hatar
eweal
thar
eexpect
edt
o:

 Hav
eear
nedt
hei
rweal
th–moneyandpossessi
onsi
nanhonestway
.

 Gi
vet
owar
dsGod’
sser
vice.

 Shar
ewi
thot
her
s.

 Usei
ttohel
pot
her
s.

Ther
ichf
indi
tdi
ff
icul
ttoent
ert
heKi
ngdom ofGod

 Whyi
sithar
dforar
ichmant
oent
ert
heki
ngdom ofGod?(
MARK10:
17-
31)
.

 Pr
ide(Hosea12:
8)

 For
get
ti
ngGod.Deut8:
13-
14.

 Deny
ingGodandbr
ingi
ngdi
sgr
aceonHi
m.

 Rej
ect
ingChr
ist
.

Whatr
ichesmaydo

 Thelov
eofri
chesmaychoket
hemessageofGod’
swor
dinourhear
tsi
tdoesnot
havemuchef
fectonus.

[
Typet
ext
]Page84
  Theloveofr
ichesmaybethebegi
nni
ngofev
ili
naper
son’
sli
fe,
leadi
ngt
olackof
fai
thandmanysorrows1Ti
m 6:
10.

Whatr
ichescannotdo

 Cannotcoy
ouanygoodwheny
ouf
acedeat
h,Job1:
21

 Cannotr
edeem us

 Wecannotpayt
heGodt
hepr
icef
orourl
i
vesorsomeoneel
se’
sli
fe.Ps49:
6-9

ATTI
TUDESTOANDUSEOFWEALTHI
NCHRI
STI
ANI
TYANDOTHERRELI
GIONS

a)Zambi
anTr
adi
ti
on

 Ri
chescomef
rom har
dwor
k.

 Gi
ft
smustber
ecei
vedgr
atef
ull
y,ev
ent
houghsmal
l
.

 Onemustshar
ewi
thot
her
s.

 Weal
thi
sameansofpr
est
ige.

b)Hi
ndui
sm

 Togat
herr
ichesi
snott
her
ightgoal
ofl
i
fe.

 Weal
thi
sabl
essi
ngwheni
thel
psoneonwar
dtot
her
eal
i
zat
ionofl
i
fe.

 I
tisami
ser
ytobeweal
th,
ifonei
snotv
irt
uousi
nli
fe.

 Duri
ngtheHi
nduf
est
ival
ofDi
wal
i
,Lakshmi
,thegoddessofweal
thandpr
osper
it
yis
honour
edandwel
come.

 Acqui
redweal
thshoul
dbecar
eful
l
yused,
foraweal
thymani
smor
eresponsi
blet
o
soci
etyt
hanapoorman.

I
slam

 I
tisnotasi
ntoberi
ch,
asl
ongast
heweal
thhasbeenobt
ainedhonest
lyand
t
hroughhar
dwork.

 Expl
oit
ati
onofone’
sfel
l
owmani
nobt
aini
ngweal
thi
sfor
bidden.

Moneymustbeusedwi
sel
y.

 Sav
ingmoneyi
sencour
aged,
especi
all
ywi
thr
egar
dtof
utur
eneeds.

 Lendi
ngmoneyi
sper
mit
ted,
butt
aki
ngi
nter
esti
sfor
bidden.

Chr
ist
iani
ty

 Expl
oit
ati
oni
sfor
bidden.

 Cheat
ing,
bri
ber
y,cor
rupt
ionandanyf
orm ofdi
shonest
yisf
orbi
dden

[
Typet
ext
]Page85
  Gener
osi
tyandshar
ingar
eencour
aged.

 Put
ti
ngGod’
ski
ngdom f
ir
sti
sther
ightpr
ior
it
y.

Rel
igi
ousCompar
isononat
ti
tudet
oMoneyandPossessi
ons

a)Chr
ist
iani
tyVsZambi
anTr
adi
ti
onal
Rel
igi
on

Si
mil
ari
ti
es:

 Bot
hbel
i
evet
hatwor
kisnecessar
yinor
dert
ogetweal
th.

 Bot
hbel
i
evet
hatweal
thshoul
dbeshar
edwi
tht
hepoor
.

Di
ff
erences:

Chr
ist
iani
ty-Weal
thshoul
dbeusedi
ntheser
viceofGod.

Z.
T.R-Weal
thi
sforpr
est
igeandshowof
f.

b)Chr
ist
iani
tyVsHi
ndui
sm

Si
mil
ari
ti
es:

 Bot
hrecommendweal
thobt
ainedt
hroughhonestandhar
dwor
k.

 Bot
hbel
i
evet
hatweal
thi
sabl
essi
ngwheni
thel
psusgetcl
osert
oGod.

Di
ff
erences:

Chr
ist
iani
ty-Encour
agesst
ori
ngweal
thi
nheav
en.

Hi
ndui
sm-Dowel
lforf
earofr
eincar
nat
ion.

c)Chr
ist
iani
tyVsI
slam

Si
mil
ari
ti
es:

 Bot
hrecommendweal
thobt
ainedt
hroughhonestandhar
dwor
k.

 Bot
hfor
bidexpl
oit
ati
onoff
ell
owmant
oobt
ainweal
th.

 Bot
hencour
agepeopl
etospendmoneywi
sel
y.

Di
ff
erences:

Chr
ist
iani
ty-Recommendt
hatt
hemoneybeusedi
ntheser
viceofGod.

I
slam-Recommendt
hatmoneyshoul
dfi
rstbeusedt
osuppor
tone’
sfami
l
y.

UNI
T21:CHRI
STI
ANATTI
TUDESTOTHESTATEI
NAMULTI
-SYSTEM

[
Typet
ext
]Page86
GOVERNMENTI
NADEMOCRATI
CSOCI
ETY

 Amult
i-part
ysyst
em i
swher
ethel
awsofapar
ti
cul
arcount
ryal
l
owt
hef
ormat
ionof
manypoli
ti
calpar
ti
es.

 To‘
gov
ern’
meanst
orul
e.

Fundament
alHumanRi
ght
s

 Ther
ightt
oli
fe,
secur
it
y,andl
i
ber
ty.

 Ther
ightt
ofai
rhear
ing.

 Ther
ightt
oownpr
oper
ty.

 Ther
ightt
omar
ryandhav
eaf
ami
l
y.

 Ther
ightt
oNat
ional
i
ty.

 Ther
ightt
oeducat
ion.

 Husbandsandf
ather
sshoul
dpr
ovi
decar
eandsuppor
tfort
hei
rwi
vesandchi
l
dren.

 Equal
payf
orequal
wor
k.

 Pr
otect
ionagai
nstunempl
oyment
.

 Justandf
avour
abl
ewor
kingcondi
ti
on.

Someat
ti
tudesofr
esponsi
bleci
ti
zenst
owar
dst
hegov
ernmentar
e:

 Obedi
encet
oaut
hor
it
yandt
hosei
npower
.

 Wor
kingt
oget
her
.

 Soci
alj
ust
iceandr
espectf
orhumanr
ight
s.

 Peacef
ulr
esol
uti
onofconf
li
cts.

 Pat
ienceandt
oler
ance.

 Senseofr
esponsi
bil
i
ty.

Funct
ionsofaDemocr
ati
cGov
ernment

 Tomake,
impl
ementandenf
orcet
hel
aws.

 Tomeett
hepol
i
tical
demands.

 Tomeett
hesoci
alneedsoft
hepeopl
e.

 Tomeett
heeconomi
cal
needsoft
hepeopl
e.

Whatt
hebi
blet
eachesonl
eader
shi
p

[
Typet
ext
]Page87
  Godhadpr
omisedI
srael
tobethei
rGodandl
eaderasl
ongast
heyobey
edHi
s
commandment
s(Deut6:1-
3).

 Heappoi
ntedMosesandJoshuaasleaderofI
srael
tol
eadt
heI
srael
i
tesoutof
Egy
ptandint
othelandofCanaan.

 Godr
aisedJudgesasleader
stosav
ethepeopl
efr
om t
hei
renemi
esandt
ohel
p
t
hem sol
vethei
rprobl
ems.

I
SRAELREJECTSGODASKI
NGANDRULER(
1SAMUEL8:
4-9,
19-
20;
9:2)

 Pol
it
ical
inst
abi
li
tyl
edthepeopl
etodemandaki
ng,
whowoul
dpr
ovi
dear
oyal
fami
l
y
andconti
nui
tyofl
eader
shi
p.

 GodtoldSamuel
whowast hei
rJudgeatthatt
ime,thatthei
rdeci
siontochoosea
humanKingwasnotonlyarej
ect
ionofSamuel,God’sappoint
edleader
,itwasal
soa
rej
ect
ionofGodast
heirKi
ngandRuler.

Resi
stancet
oandcondemnat
ionofbadr
uler
s(Judges9:
1-15,
22-
25)

 I
ntheti
meofJudges,Gi
deon’
sson,Abi
melechwant
edt
osethi
msel
fupasKi
ng.He
murder
edhi
sbrot
herstoel
imi
nateopposi
ti
on.

 Choosi
ngabadmant
orul
eisdanger
ousbot
htot
her
ulerandt
othepeopl
ehel
eads.

 Ahabsi
nnedagai
nstGodmor
ethananyofhi
sancest
or.

 Godcondemnsthel
eader
sofIsr
ael
fornotdoi
ngt
hei
rdut
ytot
hepeopl
eofGod.
Theyweregr
eedandsel
fi
sh.

Qual
it
iesofagoodLeader(
Luke9:
46-
48;
22:
24-
30)

 Humil
it
y.Thi
smeanst
obel
i
keaser
vant
.Itmeansput
ti
ngt
hei
nter
est
sofot
her
s
bef
oreonesel
f.

 Onewhol
i
stensandpay
sat
tent
iont
otheneedsoft
hepeopl
ehel
eads.

 Onewhoisabl
etoexpl
aint
her
easonsf
ordeci
sionsandact
ionst
akenwi
thoutbei
ng
adi
ctat
or.

JamesandJohn’
srequest(
Mar
k10:35-
45)

 JamesandJohnaskedJesust
obeseat
edoneonei
thersi
deofJesus.

 Jesusimpl
iedthatt
hiswoul
ddepend,i
npartonthei
rwi
l
li
ngnesst
osuf
ferf
orhi
s
sake.Buti
tdi
dnotcomewi t
hhisri
ghttogr
antit
.

 JamesandJohnhadbeenqui cktomaket
heirr
equestfi
rstandthi
sannoyedthe
otherdi
sci
ples.Jesushadt
oldt
hem t
hatt
ruegreat
nesslayinserv
ingot
hers.

Par
abl
eabouthumi
li
ty(
Luke14:7-
11-
TheWeddi
ngFeast
)

[
Typet
ext
]Page88
  Jesuswashavi
ngameal atthehouseofaPhar i
seesandhenoti
cedhowpeople
werechoosi
ngthebestpl
acesasawayofhonour i
ngthemsel
ves.Thi
swasbad
mannersandcoul
dcauseembar r
assment.Jesuswarnedthem t
hattheywoul
dbe
for
tunat
etohaveeventhel
owestintheKi
ngdom ofGod.

 ‘
’I
tisbet
tert
obeaskedtotakeahi
gherposi
ti
ont
hant
obet
oldt
ogi
vey
ourpl
acet
o
someonemor ei
mport
ant.

Chr
ist
ianat
ti
tudest
oleader
s

 Allr
uler
s,ev
enbadones,
recei
vethei
rauthor
it
yfrom God.Ther
efor
ewemustbe
subj
ecttoourr
uler
ssi
ncetheyhavebeenputthei
rbyGod.(Romans13:
1-7)

 Leadersshouldbeobey
edandr espect
ed.Howev
er,
thef
ir
stl
oyal
tyofChr
ist
iansi
sto
God,rathert
hantohumanrul
ers.

At
ti
tudest
orul
ersi
nChr
ist
iani
tyandot
herr
eli
gions

a)Chr
ist
iani
ty

 Al
eadermustbewi
l
li
ngt
oser
ve,
li
stenandl
ear
n.

 Atruel
eaderishumble.Hefor
get
shi
msel
fint
hei
nter
estofot
her
s,anddoesnotr
ule
ov
erothersl
ikeadict
ator.

 Al
eaderdoesnotdemandspeci
alt
reat
mentbecauseofhi
sposi
ti
on.

 Chr
ist
’sf
oll
ower
smustr
epr
oducei
nthei
rli
ves,
thehumi
l
ityofChr
ist
.

b)Zambi
anTr
adi
ti
on

 Al
eaderl
ooksaf
tert
hei
nter
estoft
hecommuni
ty.Hehasasubor
dinat
ewhowor
ks
wi
thhi
m.

 Al
eaderdemandsspeci
alt
reat
mentbecauseofhi
sposi
ti
on.

 Leader
sgeti
ntopowert
hroughi
nher
it
anceandconsensus.

 Leader
sar
eaf
ount
ainofknowl
edgeandwi
sdom.

 Medi
cinemen,
Wit
chfinder
s,div
iners,
rai
nmarkersandpri
estwer
especi
ali
stsi
nthe
communit
yandpl
ayedaspecialrol
eintheTr
adit
ional
rel
i
gion.

c)I
slam

 Administr
ationinanIsl
amicstat
eisunderanAmirorChief.Heshoul
dhav
ethe
conf
idenceoft hemajori
tyforhi
sknowledgeofI
slam andshoul
dshowafearofGod
andhav eleadershi
pquali
ti
es.

 TheAmirisassist
edbyanadv
isor
yCounci
lcal
l
edShur
a.Headmi
nist
erst
hecount
ry
wit
hthei
radvice.

 TheAy
atol
l
ahsar
ether
eli
giousl
eader
sandt
eacher
s.

[
Typet
ext
]Page89
  Amongstt
heSunni
,asectofI
slam,
ther
eisasenseofcommuni
ty.

 Muhammadtaughtthem t
oler
ance,
sot heyhaveadoptedast
rongspi
ri
tofco-
oper
ati
onandacceptst
hefactofdi
ffer
ingideaswit
hinIsl
am.

d)Hi
ndui
sm

 Tr
adi
ti
onal
Hindul
eader
swer
ehi
ghPr
iest
sandwer
erel
i
giousl
eader
s.

 ThegreatKi
ngsofanci
entI
ndi
ausedt
otakeadv
icef
rom t
heGr
eatSagesorWi
se
ones.

 Accordingtoanci
entHindulegendsandHi
nduhi
stor
y,al
lgr
eatKi
ngshadgr
eat
‘
Gurus’.TheseGurusguidedtherul
ers.

 I
nmoder nIndia,
MahatmaGandhi
couldbeconsi
deredsuchal
eader.Het
ookthe
t
radit
ional
ideasofl
eader
shi
pandadjust
edthem t
ocontempor
arycondi
ti
onsof
I
ndianSociet
y.

Rel
igi
ousCompar
isononChr
ist
ianat
ti
tudest
otheSt
atei
nMul
tiPar
tySy
stem

Chr
ist
iani
tyVsI
slam

Si
mil
ari
ti
es:

 Bot
hhav
erespectf
ort
hei
rleader
s.

Di
ff
erences:

Chr
ist
iani
ty-Al
eaderdoesnotdemandspeci
alt
reat
mentbecauseofhi
sposi
ti
on.

I
slam-Al
eaderi
scr
it
ici
zedandhehast
oloseposi
ti
oni
fhel
osest
heci
ti
zensconf
idence.

ASSESSMENT
QUESTION1

a)Rel
atet
hest
oryofGoddenounci
ngt
heRul
ersofI
srael
.

b)Thereareel
ementsthatagoodl
eadershoul
dpossess.Ment
ionanyt
hree
qual
i
tiesofagoodleader
.

c)Charit
yisaper sonalf
ri
endandclassmate.Shehasbeenassignedby
yourclassteachertomonitort
hoseappl
yingfl
oorpolishi
ncl
assandshe
hasrefused.Howcany ouadv i
seheronresponsi
bil
i
tiesofagoodci
ti
zentowar
ds
author
ity
?St atethreepoint
s.

[
Typet
ext
]Page90
UNI
T8:
CHRI
STI
ANATTI
TUDESTOSEXANDMARRI
AGE
At
ti
tudest
omar
ri
agei
nZambi
a

 Tohav
echi
l
dren.

 Forcompani
onshi
p.

 Becauseofl
ovef
oreachot
her

 Forpr
est
ige.

 Forst
atusi
nsoci
ety
.

Adv
ant
agesofal
argef
ami
ly

[
Typet
ext
]Page91
  Wor
kiseasi
l
ydone.

 Suppor
tforeachot
her
.

 Mor
esecur
it
yforpar
ent
sinol
dage.

 Per
pet
uat
ionoft
heCl
an.

Di
sadv
ant
agesofal
argef
ami
ly

 I
nsuf
fi
cientf
ood

 I
nabi
l
ityt
oeducat
echi
l
dren.

 I
nadequat
ecl
othi
ngandot
herbasi
cneeds.

Adv
ant
ageofasmal
lfami
ly

 Adequat
eresour
ces.

 Goodeducat
ionaf
for
dabl
e.

 Qual
i
tyst
andar
dofEducat
ion.

Di
sadv
ant
ageofasmal
lfami
ly

 I
nadequat
elabouri
nthehome.

 Li
mit
edcar
eoft
heaged.

Bi
bli
cal
pur
posesofMar
ri
age

 Mut
ual
hel
p

 Mut
ual
lov
e

 Per
manentuni
on

 Repr
oduct
ionofl
i
fe

 Ful
fi
lmentofdesi
re

PURPOSESOFMARRI
AGEI
NOTHERRELI
GIONS

a)I
slam

 Tost
rengt
henr
elat
ionshi
psbet
weenf
ami
l
ies.

 Forpr
ocr
eat
ion,
topr
oducemor
efol
l
ower
sofI
slam andsoencour
agei
tsspr
ead.

 Tocr
eat
eanewf
ami
l
yuni
t.

 Todi
scour
aget
hesi
nofi
mmor
ali
ty.

b)Hi
ndui
sm

[
Typet
ext
]Page92
  Forpr
ocr
eat
ion.

 Tocr
eat
eaf
ami
l
yuni
tthr
oughamanandwi
fepar
tner
shi
p.

c)Zambi
anTr
adi
ti
onRel
igi
on

 Forr
epr
oduct
ion

 Tost
rengt
hent
ieswi
thot
herpeopl
eandbet
weent
hecoupl
e.

 Marr
iagewasv
iewedasacommuni
tymat
terandhadt
obef
ort
hegoodoft
he
communit
y.

Chr
ist
iani
ty:Choosi
ngamar
ri
agepar
tnerandpr
epar
ingf
ormar
ri
age

Gui
dingPr
inci
ples:

 Amanshouldnotmarryunt
ilhecanleav
ethesuppor
tofhi
spar
ent
sandbeabl
eto
suppor
thi
mself
.Genesis2:
24,24:1-
32

 Chr
ist
iansar
efor
biddent
omar
rysomeonewhoi
snotaChr
ist
ian.

 Oneshoul
dnotchooseamarr
iagepar
tneroutl
ust
,buti
nhonorandl
ovebecause
l
ustal
waysdi
esbutlovel
i
veson.

 I
tisnotenoughforaChr
ist
iant
ochooset
omar
ryanot
herChr
ist
ian-
theymustal
so
becompatibl
e.

Choosi
ngmar
ri
agepar
tner
sinChr
ist
iani
tyandot
herr
eli
gions

a)Chr
ist
iani
ty

 Amanshoul
dbeabl
etomar
ryi
fhei
sabl
etosuppor
thi
msel
fandhi
swi
fe.

 Themanmustl
eav
ehi
spar
ent
sandcl
eav
etohi
swi
fe.

 Bot
hhusbandandwi
femustbeChr
ist
ians.

 Bot
hmustbecompat
ibl
e.

b)I
slam

 Thepar
ent
sar
rangemar
ri
ages.

c)Hi
ndui
sm

 Tr
adi
ti
onal
l
y,par
ent
sar
rangeal
lmar
ri
ages

 Thegi
rl
’sl
ookf
ort
hesui
tabl
ehusbandf
ort
hei
rdaught
er.

d)Zambi
anTr
adi
ti
onalRel
igi
on

 Par
ent
sar
rangemar
ri
ages.

[
Typet
ext
]Page93
  I
nmodernZambiansoci
ety
,youngmenandwomenmeetatschool
,col
l
ege,
fal
li
n
l
oveandmarr
y.

WhysomeChr
ist
iansdonotMar
ry

 Theyhav
ebeenpl
acedi
nci
rcumst
anceswher
emar
ri
agei
simpossi
ble.

 Theytakev
owsofcel
i
bacy
,sot
hatt
heycangi
vet
hemsel
vescompl
etel
ytoGod’
s
ser
vice.

 Anunmarr
iedpersoncangi
vemor
eti
met
othet
hingsoft
heLor
d,t
hei
rai
m bei
ng
undi
vi
deddevot
iontoChri
st.

Var
iousat
ti
tudest
ounmar
ri
edadul
tsi
nChr
ist
iani
tyandot
herr
eli
gions

a)Chr
ist
iani
ty

 I
tismor
ecommont
ofi
ndunmar
ri
edadul
tsi
ntheChr
ist
ianr
eli
giont
hani
nanyot
her
way.

 ThedemandsofChr
istar
est
rongert
hant
hoseoft
radi
ti
onsi
not
herr
eli
gionsand
cul
tur
es.

b)I
slam

 Musl
i
msr
egar
danunmar
ri
edadul
tasabnor
mal
,andi
tisnotacommoncondi
ti
on.

 Someti
mesaMuslim mayr
emai
nunmar
ri
edf
orr
eli
giousr
easons,
sot
hatheorshe
canbemoredev
otedtoGod.

 Someti
mesapersonwit
habadreput
ati
onorf
rom af
ami
l
yofi
l
lreput
ewi
l
lfi
ndi
t
di
ff
icul
ttogetamar
ri
edpar
tner
.

 Thoseofot
herr
eli
gionswhoar
eunmar
ri
edar
eaccept
edandappr
eci
ated.

c)Hi
ndui
sm

 Consi
dertheunmarr
iedadul
ttobeabnor
mal,
possibl
yindi
cat
ingsomement
alor
physi
cal
defectorev
enunwil
li
ngnesstobemarr
ied.

 Somet
imesanonl
yChi
l
d(daught
er)wi
l
lremai
nunmar
ri
edi
nor
dert
olookaf
terher
agi
ngpar
ent
s.

 Unmar
ri
edadul
tsofot
herr
acesorr
eli
gionsar
eaccept
edandappr
eci
ated.

Zambi
anTr
adi
ti
on

 Unmar
ri
edZambi
anadul
thasdef
ici
entr
epr
oduct
iveor
gan.

 Anunmarri
edadul
tofadif
ferencer
aceorcul
tur
eisaccept
ed,
alt
houghi
tis
consi
der
edanabnormalst
ate.

 I
tisalsoaccept
abl
eforaZambi
anadul
ttobeunmar
ri
edf
orr
eli
giouspur
posese.
g.
pr
iestandnuns.

[
Typet
ext
]Page94
UNI
T9:
HUSBANDANDWI
FERELATI
ONSHI
P
RESPONSI
BILI
TIESOFHUSBANDANDWI
FEI
NCHRI
STI
ANI
TY

Qual
it
iesofagoodhusband

 Mustl
eav
ehi
spar
ent
sandcl
eav
etohi
swi
fe

 Mustl
ovehi
swi
feandshowi
t.

 Mustunder
stand,
respectandpr
otectt
hewi
fe.

 Musthel
pandt
rai
nhi
schi
l
dren.

Qual
it
iesofagoodwi
fe

 Shemustsubmi
ttoherhusband.

 Shoul
dreal
i
zet
hatshet
oo,
hasl
eftherpar
ent
stobej
oinedt
oherhusbandi
nanew
home.

 Thewi
feshoul
dbecheer
ful
,under
standi
ngandki
nd.

 Sheshoul
dcar
eforherf
ami
l
yandhome,
bel
oyal
toherhusband.

Husbandandwi
fer
elat
ionshi
psi
nChr
ist
iani
tyandot
herr
eli
gions

a)Zambi
anTr
adi
ti
onalBel
ief

 Thehusbandi
nthemar
ri
agepl
aysadomi
nantr
ole.

 Thewi
fei
snotconsul
tedonf
ami
l
ymat
ter
s

[
Typet
ext
]Page95
  Thewi
fedoesal
lki
ndsofmanual
wor
k,al
mostasasl
avewoul
dwor
kint
hepast
ti
me.

b)Hi
ndui
sm

 TheHi
nduhusbandl
oveshi
swi
feandcar
esf
orherneedsoft
hef
ami
l
y.

 Thewi
fesubmi
tst
oandhonour
sherhusband,
sher
espect
sandobey
shi
m.

c)I
slam

 Thehusbandl
oveshi
swi
febecauseshei
sonewi
thhi
m.

 Thewi
fesubmi
tst
oherhusband,
butt
her
eisnosenseofbei
ngasl
ave.

d)Chr
ist
iani
ty

 Thehusbandl
ovesr
espect
sandcar
esf
orhi
swi
fe.

 Thewi
fel
ovesr
espect
sandobey
sherhusband.

 Thewi
fei
sconsi
der
edequal
toherhusbandbef
oreGod.

 Thehusbandi
sthehear
doft
hef
ami
l
y.

TheBi
bli
calt
eachi
ngonAdul
ter
yandFor
nicat
ion

a)Adul
ter
y

 Thi
sissexual
aff
airbet
weent
wopeopl
e,wher
eoneoft
hem i
smar
ri
ed.

 I
tisf
orbi
ddeni
nthescr
ipt
uresExodus20:
14.

b)For
nicat
ion

 Thi
sissexual
aff
airbet
weent
wopeopl
e,whoar
eunmar
ri
ed.

 I
tisf
orbi
ddeni
ntheScr
ipt
ures.

Adul
ter
yandFor
nicat
ioni
nChr
ist
iani
tyandot
herRel
igi
ons

a)Zambi
aTr
adi
ti
onalBel
ief

 Adul
ter
yisgener
all
yfor
biddenandcul
pri
tsar
efi
ned.

 Therearealotoftaboosandrul
esai
medatprevent
ingboysandgi
rl
sfr
om
for
nicat
ion,
warningthem oft
hechangesofmaki
nglove.

b)Hi
ndui
sm

 Bot
hfor
nicat
ionandadul
ter
yar
efor
bidden.

c)I
slam

 Adul
ter
yispuni
shabl
eundert
hecr
imi
nal
lawofI
slam.Puni
shmenti
sbeat
ingor

[
Typet
ext
]Page96
 st
oni
ng.

 ManyMusl
i
m mar
ri
agescannott
akepl
aceunl
esst
hewoman’
svi
rgi
nit
yispr
oved.

 For
nicat
ioni
sal
soi
nhi
bit
edbyi
nsi
stenceongoodmor
al.

d)Chr
ist
iani
ty

 Bot
hfor
nicat
ionandadul
ter
yar
esi
nful
act
s,f
orbi
ddenandpuni
shabl
ebyGod.

 Of
fender
sar
eexcommuni
cat
edf
rom t
hef
ell
owshi
poft
hel
ocal
Chur
ch.

Pol
ygamyandDi
vor
cei
ntheBi
ble

a)Pol
ygamy

 Thi
sist
hepr
act
iceofhav
ingmor
ethanonewi
fe.

 God’
sor
igi
nal
planf
ormar
ri
agewasoneman,
onewi
fef
orl
i
fe,
Mat
t19:
5-6

b)Di
vor
ce

 Thi
sist
hedi
ssol
vi
ngorcancel
l
ingofamar
ri
age.

 I
tisf
orbi
ddeni
ntheBi
ble.

 Amanmar
ri
eshi
swi
feonceandt
heybecome‘
’
onef
lesh’
’t
hissi
tuat
ioni
sforl
i
fe.

 Godhatesdi
vorceandf
rom t
hebegi
nni
ngnev
eri
ntendedt
hatt
her
eshoul
dbesucha
si
tuat
ion,
Matt19:8

Pol
ygamyandDi
vor
cei
not
herRel
igi
ons

a)Zambi
anTr
adi
ti
onalBel
ief

 Pol
ygamywaswi
del
ypr
act
icedandi
sst
il
lfai
rl
ycommon.

 Di
vor
cewasper
mit
tedusual
l
yini
ti
atedbyaman.

b)Hi
ndui
sm

 Pol
ygamyi
snotpr
act
iced.I
tisunaccept
abl
e

 Di
vor
cei
sal
sof
orbi
dden.

c)I
slam

 Pol
ygamyi
spr
act
iced.

 Toi
ncr
easet
hespr
eadofI
slam bypr
oduci
ngmor
efol
l
ower
s.

 Di
vor
cei
sal
l
owedi
ncaseofadul
ter
yandal
soi
ncompat
ibi
l
ity
.

Bi
bli
cal
standar
dsofSel
fcont
rol
andSexual
Mor
ali
ty

[
Typet
ext
]Page97
a)Mar
it
aldi
sput
es

 Commoncausesofmarit
aldi
sput
esar
ethei
nabi
l
ityt
ohav
eChi
l
dren,
incompat
ibi
l
ity
andpr
essur
efr
om rel
ati
ves.

 I
fadi
sput
ear
ises,
he/
sheshoul
dacti
nlov
eandf
orgi
veness.

 Manymar
ri
agepr
obl
emsbegi
nbecauset
hehusbandandwi
fedonotcommuni
cat
e.

b)Chr
ist
ianSt
andar
dsf
orsexual
Behav
iour

 Thef
irsti
mpor
tantpoi
nti
s–nosexbef
oremar
ri
age.Pur
it
yofl
i
fei
scommanded.2
Ti
m2:22.

 Secondar
yther
emustnounf
ait
hful
nessaf
termar
ri
age.Fai
thf
ulnessi
scommanded.

 Sel
fcont
rol
ispar
toft
hef
rui
toft
heHol
ySpi
ri
t.

 I
mmor
ali
tyi
sasi
n.

 Homosexual
i
tyi
sal
sosi
n.1cor
6:9.

 Chr
ist
iansshoul
dbecaut
iouswhent
heyt
alkaboutsexual
evi
l
sandmor
als.

c)Moder
nZambi
a

 Li
fewi
thoutanycont
rol
leadsv
eryqui
ckl
ytosi
nandl
awl
essness.

[
Typet
ext
]Page98
UNI
T10:RELATI
ONSHI
PSBETWEENPARENTSANDCHI
LDREN
ATTI
TUDESTOFAMI
LYLI
FEI
NZAMBI
A

a)Tr
adi
ti
onalZambi
a

 Chi
l
drenar
ethegl
oryoft
hef
ami
l
y,aneconomi
cassetandl
abourf
orce.

 Af
teracer
tai
nage,
Chi
l
drenar
esegr
egat
edaccor
dingt
othei
rsex.

 Thechi
l
drenl
ear
ntbyi
mit
ati
on.

 Thechi
l
d’sownpar
ent
staughthi
m orherdut
iesandski
l
lsoft
hei
rsex.

b)Moder
nZambi
a

 Chi
l
drengener
all
yrespectandl
ovet
hei
rpar
ent
s.

 Comparedwithurbanar
eas,
par
ent
sinr
ural
sit
uat
ionshav
eamor
edi
recti
nfl
uence
overt
heirchi
l
dren.

 I
nrur
alareas,
tradi
ti
onal
cust
omsandpr
act
icesar
emor
ecar
eful
l
yfol
l
owedt
hani
n
ur
banareas.

 I
nt owns,customsandt r
adi
ti
onal
valuesaremor eeasi
l
yabandonedbecauseoft
he
mixingofdif
ferentpeopl
eswit
hdif
ferentcul
tur
es,tr
adi
tionsandbackgr
ound.

c)TheChr
ist
ianHome

 A Chri
sti
anhomestart
swit
haChrist
ianmarr
iageoft
wopeopl
ewhobel
ongt
o
JesusChri
standhavecommit
tedt
heirl
if
etoJesus.

 Pr
ayerandBi
bler
eadi
ngshoul
dbear
egul
arpr
act
iceoft
hishome.

 Chi
l
dren’
sideaofwhatGodi
sli
kecomesf
rom t
heexampl
eoft
hei
rpar
ent
,behav
iour
.

 Thehomeshoul
dref
lectGod’
spur
it
yandgoodness

Dut
iesofPar
ent
stot
hei
rChi
ldr
en

 Par
ent
sshoul
drecogni
zet
hatchi
l
drenar
eagi
ftf
rom God.

 Par
entsshoul
dshar
etheGodgi
venr
esponsi
bil
i
tyt
oteacht
hei
rchi
l
drent
het
hingsof
God.

 Par
entshoul
dpr
ayf
ort
hei
rchi
l
dren.

 Par
ent
sshoul
dtr
ainanddi
sci
pli
net
hei
rchi
l
dren.

 Chi
l
drenar
ether
esponsi
bil
i
tyoft
hei
rpar
ent
sot
hert
hant
hei
rpar
ent
s.

[
Typet
ext
]Page99
Dut
iesofChi
l
drent
othei
rPar
ent
s

 Chi
l
drenhav
eadut
ytot
akecar
eoft
hei
rpar
ent
sinol
dage.
1Ti
m 5:
4,Mar
k7:
-13

 Chi
l
drenmustl
ear
ntor
espectel
der
s.

Loy
alt
ytoGodcomesf
ir
sti
ntheFami
ly

a)Jesusexampl
eofl
oyal
ty(
Luke2:
40-
52)

 WhenJesus’parent
slosthi
m andlat
erfoundhim,i
ntheTempl
e,Maryrebukedhim
causi
nganxi
ety.Jesusrepl
yshowedthatloy
alt
ytohisheav
enl
yfat
hercamef i
rst

b)Loy
alt
ytoChr
istwi
lldi
vi
def
ami
li
es(
Luke1251-
53)

 Jesussaidthatf
ait
hinHi
m woul
ddi
vi
def
ami
l
iesf
orandagai
nstHi
m,andagai
nst
eachother.

PARENTANDCHI
LDRELATI
ONSHI
PSI
NOTHERRELI
GIONS

a)I
slam

 Musl
i
m parentsseechi
ldr
enasagi
ftf
rom God,
sot
hati
tist
hei
rresponsi
bil
i
tyt
o
pr
ovi
deforthei
rneeds

 Par
entsmustt
rai
nanddi
sci
pli
net
hei
rchi
l
drenandt
eacht
hem t
hebel
i
efsanddut
ies
ofI
slam.

 Chi
l
drenar
eexpect
edt
orespectandobeyt
hei
rpar
ent
s.

 Theyhav
ear
esponsi
bil
i
tyt
ocar
eforagedpar
ent
sespeci
all
ythei
rmot
her
s.

b)Hi
ndui
sm

 Chi
l
drenar
eagi
ftf
rom Godandar
elov
edandcar
edf
or.

 Parent
sareresponsi
blefort
hei
rchi
l
dren’
str
aini
ng,
disci
pli
ne,
spi
ri
tual
,mor
al
educat
ionandguidance.

 Chi
l
drenar
etaughtt
orespectt
hei
rel
der
s.

 I
tisal
sot
hedut
y,especi
all
yofsonst
ocar
efort
hei
rpar
ent
sint
hei
rol
dage.

 Chil
drenar
eguidedspir
it
ual
l
ybyl
i
steni
ngt
orel
i
giousst
ori
esandobser
vingr
eli
gious
fest
ival
sandcel
ebrat
ions

[
Typet
ext
]Page100